DE1785084A1 - Method and device for opening and distributing cut stacks of threads, in particular stacks of glass silk - Google Patents

Description

laugh, August 7th, 1968

My reference: PaGm 11 715 - 1732

Compagnie de Saint-Gobain, ^A Ieuilly-sur ~ Seine (France)

Priority from the French patent application Itfr, 118 737 of 23 August 1967

Method and device for opening and distributing cut stacks of threads, in particular stacks of glass silk . . . . . ■

The invention relates to a method for opening and distributing of cut stacks of threads to be deposited on a shelf, in particular stacks of glass silk, - in which the stacks of threads of

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entrained in a stream of air, mechanically confess and through centrifugal force distributed v / earth.

The invention also relates to a device for carrying out such a method, with a distributor member rotating about a vertical axis, one above of the distributor organ arranged thread stack delivery device, one arranged under the distributor organ Thread stack deposit and means for generating an air stream that transports the thread stacks.

The thread stacks are composed of a number of individual or elementary threads. They are used in particular for the continuous production of fiber webs - especially glass silk mats. They are made from "™ threads or strands of thread, such as spun threads or rovings, which are fed to a cutting device, whereby they are cut into stacks (pieces) of the desired length. In order to achieve a quality of the fiber webs or mats that meets today's requirements , the loosely bundled stacks of threads must be opened and distributed over the entire width of the shelf, which is designed as a conveyor belt, for example =, bad

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A device for the continuous production of glass fiber mats is known (see US Pat
2 725 601), in which glass fibers pass through a nozzle into a
Mold chamber are introduced and fall on a distribution member of conical shape around a vertical
The axis rotates and carries steel pins on its surface. This device distributes the fibers on an endless one
Conveyor belt., Which forms the bottom of the chamber.

This known distribution member has the disadvantage that the cut stacks of threads are opened by the rotating steel pins. The thread is subject to very great forces, so that it is often damaged and torn, whereby it may acquire a fluffy shape. which reduces the quality of the mat, In addition, this known device does not open the stacks of threads to the desired extent, ie up to the
Single or partial threads. Furthermore, it often happens that the
Steel pins are bent or do not form a certain angle with the surface of the cone. " In this case, the threads get caught on the steel pins and only fall

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under the action of centrifugal force when they are a Have formed tufts and have become sufficiently heavy. These tufts of thread also create an irregularity in the thickness of the mat and consequently degrade the quality very essential. In addition, unopened thread bundles (thread stacks) are in the further processing of the mat easy to recognize with plastic in the transparent plastic prefabricated parts and have a disturbing effect.

A device has also become known for processing and metering fibrous materials such as asbestos and slag wool etc., which has a guide cone, which is provided with knife-like chisels (cf. German Auslegeschrift 1 208 676) ο With this device, the thread stacks processed by the rotating hammers, which also damages them »

Furthermore, a distribution device for preforming machines has become known (see French patent specification 1 115 992), which has two vertical parallel axes rotating in opposite directions and at its lower part Bars or wings are arranged that sit in different planes and cross each other. The disadvantage of this device

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device is also that the threads are treated too aggressively by the rotating rods or wings and thus damaged, so that an end product of inferior quality is obtained.

In order to obtain a sufficient opening of the stacks of threads, has recently been proposed, like this too has become known (cf. French patent specification 1 194 516), a device in front of the distribution device upstream to open the thread stacks. This well-known Device has two cylinders, which are in the opposite Rotate senses with different circumferential speeds and between which the cut stacks of threads pass through and optionally then a distribution cone fed, which is provided with steel pins. The opening takes place in this case by friction. Since the glass fibers are sensitive to heat, they are often damaged and torn. Besides, the Device expensive, since it is composed of a device for opening and a device for distributing; it is therefore not very profitable. ■ "

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The invention is based on the object -das initially to conduct the described method and to design the device described at the beginning in such a way that the disadvantages of the known species, especially the τοrbesehrebenen Disadvantages, to be avoided. In detail, the object on which the invention is based is to be seen in the fact that opening and distributing the cut thread stacks with £ a single simple organ is to be effected, that the Stacks of threads opened up to the single threads and yet the fibers should be spared or not damaged and that the distribution of the thread stacks evenly over the entire width of the base, that of the filing of the opened Stack and the formation of the product such as a mat of uniform thickness is used. _ ■ ■ ■

fe To solve this problem is the inventive method characterized in that the air flow is approximately parallel FadenstapeT'mit "aligned with its flow direction high speed guided approximately vertically against a rapidly rotating baffle and with their the baffle facing cut surfaces are pushed against the baffle, so that they open and are thrown off and distributed.

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Experiments have shown that the inventive The method causes the thread stacks to open properly without damaging the fibers, and that also a very even distribution of the opened stacks is possible. The disadvantages of the impact effect, like them are given in the known types described are completely avoided in the method according to the invention. the in the known species (see U.S. Patent 2,725,601 and German Auslegeschrift 1 208 676) to support the above-mentioned rotating pins or hitting iron existing rotating cones can with the invention Baffle surface cannot be compared. Through the said. Attempts have been made to work against the cone-led The thread stacks slide sideways along these and are not opened in this way. With the known They are only identified by the surrounding pins or Strike iron reconditioned and damaged in the process. In contrast, the method according to the invention results in no damage of the fibers a proper opening of the stacks of threads in that the stacks of threads are approximately perpendicular to the Guided impact surface and with their facing the impact surface Cut surfaces are pushed against the impact surface »

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Its expedient type of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the air flow with the stacks of threads aligned therein is guided approximately vertically downwards against an approximately horizontal impact surface.

This type has the advantage that it is of natural alignment corresponds to production, in which the stacks of threads are fed in from above and finally deposited on the shelf below will.

An advantageous type of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the ratio of the speed the thread stack at the baffle speed is about 250 m / min: (2000 to 3000) revolutions / min.

Through the above-mentioned experiments it was found that with these G-speed or speed ratios on the one hand the opening of the thread stacks and on the other hand the distribution of the opened thread stacks in a particularly favorable way Way done.

The method according to the invention can also be characterized be that the airflow in itself is known

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Way is generated by suction taking place below the shelf * _: "

The device described above for performing the The method according to the invention is characterized according to the invention in that the distributor member is in the form of a spherical cap Distributor body is formed, which has a flattened surface (impact surface) concentric to the axis of eotation Has. ■ ·

This distributor body also causes a very extensive ^: opening of the thread stacks into their individual threads and the even distribution of these threads on the base, which serves to take up the threads, in particular to form a mat. These two processes of opening and distribution are achieved by means of a single organ of. particularly simple construction.

According to an expedient embodiment of this device the diameter of the flattened surface of the spherical cap corresponds essentially to the diameter of the on the rotating body ankornmenden stream of stacks of threads.

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As a result of this arrangement, all stacks of threads rebound in the essentially perpendicular to this surface. The individual threads are driven apart and all stacks are up opened this way. Experiments have shown that the electrostatic charge on the fibers in relation to '' the rotating body is reduced in comparison with the known types due to the low friction of fiber to metal.

According to an advantageous feature of the invention, at least one linear element is provided on the flattened surface of the spherical cap, protruding from this surface and passing through its center. "^;"'

This element serves the following purpose. Through the said Experiments have been found that in the center of the Under certain circumstances, a negative pressure forms on the surface of the dome, which makes it difficult to throw off part of the pile of threads. The linear element counteracts this by removing the otherwise remaining stacks of thread immediately after their impact hits the flattened surface of the dome.

According to one embodiment, a number of these can be seen linear elements that form a whole and that are used as

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Center of symmetry have the center of the spherical cap. These elements can be at right angles to each other and be arranged in the form of a cross.

This particularly simple arrangement causes all the thread stacks to be thrown off safely and quickly.

According to another advantageous characteristic, the linear elements have a triangular cross-section with after angled vertex directed upwards.

This type of construction enables the movement to be acted upon the stack and the improvement of the evenness of its deposition on the transport organ. The triangular shape the linear elements avoids a ventilation effect, which could arise with flattened linear elements and which create harmful air turbulence in the molding chamber could.

It is advantageous if the radius of curvature of the spherical cap has a value approximately in the order of magnitude of 120 to 300 mm or, in certain cases, even better from 100 to 200 mm and in particular between 192 and 197 mm or in

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in certain cases it is even better between 140 and 150 mm. This gives a particularly good distribution of the opened Thread pile. If the radius of curvature is too large, the stacks are thrown off laterally by centrifugal force Thrown too far and not drawn into the vertical fall line quickly enough by the vertical air flow, and the distribution on the transport organ is not sufficiently uniform. If, on the other hand, the radius of curvature is too small, there is a risk that the stacks will slide quickly onto your distributor body, without opening. The linear elements preferably have a height of about 3 to 5 mm, in particular of about 4 mm. It has been shown that linear elements of this type make the effect of the impact surface practical is not impaired, so that even with the presence of these elements, a uniform quality of the product given is.

Another feature of the invention is that one the distributor body is mounted on a horizontal arm that carries the transmission organs between an external motor and contains the shaft that drives this body.

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'Laugh one' version is the distributor body the supporting shaft is provided with organs that generate a ventilation effect during the botation of this shaft,

This ventilation effect prevents the thread stacks on the horizontal part of the part carrying the distributor body Arm or that long threads that have not been cut can wrap around the shaft. -

The organs for generating the ventilation effect can from two or more webs exist, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction on the outer surface of the drive shaft are.

In the drawing, an embodiment is shown, which serves to explain the invention. The following description relates to this exemplary embodiment or to the drawing. But at the same time it contains another general description of the invention. Show in the drawing

Fig. 1 is a front view of the device; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device;

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3 shows a schematic representation of a device for producing mats, in particular glass eggs denmatten, which has two devices according to the invention.

In Figs. 1 and 2 you can see at I. the spherical cap-shaped Distributor body and at 2 the concentric to. Rota-

™ axis of this body flattened surface. on this is a four-part element 5, the arms of which have a triangular cross-section and a cross form whose center coincides with the axis of the body 1. The distributor body is mounted on a Shank 3, which has ridges or ridges 4 on its outer surface which cause a ventilation effect during rotation. The shaft 3 has a recess on the inside

"for the rotary shaft and a recess 19 in which the. angled arm 12 (Fig. 3) protrudes. This arm is used to hold the distributor body and at the same time to effect it its drive by a motor 13 through a transmission provided inside the arm.

With reference to FIG. 3, the Function of the invention. Device described.

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Glass silk filaments or rovings 6-6 'are inserted between two cooperating cylinders 7-8 and 7'-8 ^f. The cylinders 7 and V are provided with knives which in this way produce stacks of thread 9-9 'of the desired length. The cut stacks fall onto the Eirigangs-.trienter 11-1.1 V in a mold chamber 10, in which there is a negative pressure and the bottom of which is formed by an endless conveyor belt 15. Below the transport member 15, two chambers 16-16 'are arranged, which are connected to means (not shown) for sucking off air and in this way to generate the negative pressure that prevails in the molding chamber 10.

Two distribution devices are provided in the molding chamber 10, which rotate against each other in the opposite direction. These devices are designed as described above is.

The spherical cap-shaped distribution devices 1-1 'are attached to the shafts 3-5 ', which can be rotated on the arms 12-12 'are mounted. You will be set in motion by the axes of rotation, which are driven by the motors 15-13 ', the latter being arranged outside the linear chamber 10

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are. The drive takes place with the interposition of Straps inside said arms.

The cut stacks of thread 9-9 'fall into the funnel 11-11' and are 7-8 by the cutting device and 7'-8 * at a speed of about 250 m / min thrown towards the distribution devices with Rotate at a speed of about 2000 to 3000 revolutions / min, and become vertically against the flattened surface of the distribution organ 1-1 'directed. With this .Vorgang one can see the brush-like spreading of the filaments recognize and the decomposition of the spun thread composed of several partial threads (multiple thread) or the Rovings into its individual threads.

The sharp-edged crossed elements 5-5 'hit the Threads immediately after their impact on the flattened surface away, so that no pile on this surface of the Distribution organ remains. Due to the shape of this distribution organ as a spherical cap, the threads are through Centrifugal force flung sideways due to the rotation of said body and will quickly turn into a vertical one Case direction ^; transferred, whereby they are sucked in through the vertical air flow in the chamber 10, and they

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are evenly distributed on the conveyor belt 15, where they have a fiberglass mat 17 of uniform thickness "form.

The webs or ridges 4-4 ', which are stuck on the shafts 3-3' create a ventilation effect as they circulate, the air flow generated thereby blowing the threads away and thereby preventing them from falling on the arms 12- 12 ^{r can get} caught. However, this ventilation effect must be relatively weak, since it

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otherwise air vortices would be generated in the molding chamber 10, which would be detrimental to the even placement of the thread stacks on the conveyor belt.

In Fig. 3, two devices for opening the thread stacks and for distribution are shown as an example. However, M may be used as required a single apparatus and equipment of the mat machine or even a number of devices, which is greater than two.

Although the device according to the invention as has been described _for primarily serves for opening and distributing of glass silk stack and although the application of this

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Device has been described in detail only for this case, this device is equally suitable for opening and distributing other stacks of mineral or organic fibers "."

The invention can also be used in the manufacture of deformations.

All of the features mentioned in the description above and / or are shown in the drawing, if the known prior art permits this, alone or in any combination or partial combination as essential to the invention, even if they are not included in the claims.

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Claims (1)

Aachen, August 7th , 1968 1785Ö8Λ My reference: PaGm 11 715 - 1732 Patent claims 1) Method for opening and distributing cut stacks of threads to be deposited on a shelf, in particular Stacks of fiberglass, in which the stacks of threads are carried along by a stream of air, mechanically pushed and passed through Centrifugal force are distributed, characterized in that that the stacks of threads aligned by the air stream approximately parallel to its flow direction at high speed guided approximately vertically against a rapidly rotating impact surface and facing the impact surface Cut surfaces are pushed against the baffle, so that they open and are thrown off and distributed. 2) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Air flow with the stacks of threads aligned therein approximately vertically downwards against an approximately horizontal impact surface to be led. 209822/0116 5) Method according to at least one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the ratio of the speed the thread stack to the deflector surface speed about 250 4 ^: (2000 to 5000) is. 4) Method according to claims 1 "to 3, characterized in that that the air flow in a known manner A by suction taking place below the shelf is produced. 5) Device for performing the method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, with one to one vertical axis rotating distributor member, a thread stack feed arranged above the distributor member distribution device, one located under the distributor »Arranged filament stacks and means for generation an air stream transporting the thread stacks, thereby characterized in that the distributor organ as a spherical cap Distributor body is formed, which has a flattened surface (baffle) concentrically has to the axis of rotation. 209822/01 16 - * - Π8508 » ZI 6) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that that the diameter of the flattened surface of the spherical cap is essentially the diameter of the stream of thread stacks that arrives on the rotating body. 7) Device according to at least one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that at least one linear element on the flattened surface of the spherical cap is provided that protrudes over this surface and goes through its center. 8) Device according to at least one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that there are a number of linear elements on the flattened surface of the spherical cap provides that protrude above this surface and a Form a whole whose center of symmetry is the center of the dome. 9) Device according to at least one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the on the flattened "surface The linear elements provided for the dome are at right angles to one another and form a cross. 2 0 9822/0116 10) Device according to at least one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the linear elements provided on the flattened surface of the dome have a triangular cross-section, one angle apex of which is directed upwards. 11) Device according to at least one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the radius of curvature of the spherical Dome in the order of about 120 to 300 mm (or also from about 100 to 200 mm) and preferably between about 192 and 197 mm (or between about 140 and 150 mm), and that preferably the linear elements are about 3 to 5 mm high * 12) Device according to at least one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that the rotating body is supported by means of a horizontal arm which supports the organs contains the transmission between an external motor and the shaft that drives the rotating body, cause. 209822/0116 13) Device according to at least one of claims 5 12 ,. characterized in that the shaft driving the rotating body is provided with organs, which produce a ventilation effect during the rotation of the rotating body. 14) Device according to at least one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that the organs for generating the ventilation effect are formed by two or more webs, which are longitudinally on the outer Surface of the shaft for driving the rotating body are arranged. 209822/0116