DE1409655B

DE1409655B - Suction dredger

Info

Publication number: DE1409655B
Authority: DE
Inventors: Otto 2406 Stockeisdorf Gerber
Original assignee: O&K Orenstein and Koppel GmbH
Current assignee: CNH Industrial Baumaschinen GmbH

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Saugbagger, dessen Saugrohr aus zwei gelenkig miteinander verbundenen Rohrteilen besteht, bei denen am freien Ende des vorderen Rohrteils der Saugkopf angeordnet ist und das freie Ende des hinteren Rohrteils gelenkig mit einem Rohrkrümmer verbunden ist, der in einer senkrechten Führung an der Bordwand des Baggerschiffes heb- und senkbar geführt ist, wobei zum Heben und Senken des Saugrohres drei hydraulisch betätigte Flaschenzüge dienen, bei denen am Seil des ersten Flaschenzuges der Rohrkrümmer, am Seil des zweiten Flaschenzuges das mit dem Rohrkrümmer verbundene Rohrteil und am Seil des dritten Flaschenzuges das den Saugkopf tragende Rohrteil aufgehängt ist.The invention relates to a suction excavator, the suction pipe of which consists of two hingedly interconnected There is pipe parts in which the suction head is arranged at the free end of the front pipe part and the free end of the rear pipe part is articulated to a pipe bend, which is in a vertical Guide is guided on the side of the dredger can be raised and lowered, for lifting and Lower the suction pipe three hydraulically operated pulley blocks are used, those on the rope of the first Block and tackle of the pipe bend, on the rope of the second block and tackle the one connected to the pipe bend Pipe part and the pipe part carrying the suction head is suspended from the rope of the third pulley is.

Bei Saugbaggern dieser Art ist es bekannt, die Flaschenzüge über Seiltrommeln zu betätigen und die zum Heben und Senken des den Saugkopf tragenden vorderen Rohrleils dienende Seiltrommel als Stufentrommel mit zwei verschiedenen Durchmessern so auszubilden, daß beim Absenken des Saugrohres das Seil zunächst von der Trommel geringeren Durchmessers abläuft, um von einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt an, nachdem der Rohrkrümmer seine unterste Stelle erreicht hat, von der Trommel größeren Durchmessers abzulaufen, damit das Saugrohr beim weiteren Absenken seine gestreckte Lage im wesentlichen beibehält, also unzulässig starke Abknickungen in den Gelenken des Saugrohres vermieden werden. Die Verwendung einer Stufentrommel ist jedoch insofern nachteilig, als bei einer solchen Trommel zur Überleitung des Seiles von der Trommel geringeren Durchmessers auf die Trommel größeren Durchmessers eine schneckenartige Führung erforderlich ist, durch die ein gleichmäßiger Ablauf bzw. ein gleichmäßiges Aufwickeln des Seiles nicht gewährleistet ist. Es besteht sogar die Gefahr, daß das Seil aus der schneckenartigen Führung herausspringt und dadurch Betriebsstörungen verursacht werden.In suction dredgers of this type, it is known to operate the pulley blocks via cable drums and the Rope drum serving as a stepped drum for raising and lowering the front pipeline carrying the suction head with two different diameters so that when the suction tube is lowered, the Rope first runs from the smaller diameter drum to by a certain point in time after the elbow has reached its lowest point, from the larger diameter drum to run down so that the suction pipe essentially retains its stretched position when it is lowered further, thus impermissibly strong kinks in the joints of the suction pipe are avoided. the However, the use of a stepped drum is disadvantageous in that such a drum is used for transferring of the rope from the smaller diameter drum to the larger diameter drum Helical guidance is required through which a uniform sequence or a uniform Winding up of the rope is not guaranteed. There is even a risk that the rope will get out of the snail-like guide pops out, thereby causing malfunctions.

Bei Saugbaggern der genannten Art ist es zwar auch bereits bekannt, zur Betätigung der zum Heben und Senken des Saugrohres dienenden Seile Seiltrommeln mit gleichbleibendem Durchmesser zu verwenden und die Trommeln zur Beibehaltung einer im wesentlichen gestreckten Lage des Saugrohres während des Hebens und Senkens mit unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit anzutreiben. Dies erfordert jedoch den Einbau von Schaltgetrieben, deren Bedienung die volle Aufmerksamkeit des Baggerführers in Anspruch nimmt. ■· - ■In suction excavators of the type mentioned, it is also already known to operate the for lifting and lowering of the suction pipe serving ropes use rope drums with constant diameter and the drums for maintaining a substantially extended position of the suction tube during to drive the lifting and lowering at different speeds. However, this requires the installation of manual gearboxes, the operation of which demands the full attention of the excavator operator takes. ■ · - ■

Die Erfindung bezweckt, die angeführten Nachteile der bekannten Saugbagger zu vermeiden, und besteht darin, daß die Flaschenzüge in an sich bekannter Weise wenigstens annähernd im gleichen Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind ufiddaß das Hydraulik-: system der zum Heben und Senken des- Rohrkrümmers und der Rohrteile des Saugrohres dienenden hydraulischen Antriebe drei von einem gemeinsamen Motor angetriebene Hydraulikpumpen aufweist, von denen jede einem Antrieb zugeordnet ist, daß ferner in den zu den Antrieben führenden Druckleitungen der Hydraulikpumpen einfache Umsteuerventile angeordnet sind, die von einem gemeinsamen Betätigungshebel betätigt werden, und daß in der Druckleitung der dem Antrieb des Rohrkrümmers zugeordneten Hydraulikpumpe noch ein Umschaltventil angeordnet ist, welches selbsttätig umgeschaltet wird und die Druckleitung an die Druckleitung der dem Antrieb des vorderen Rohrteils zugeordneten Hydraulikpumpe anschließt, wenn der Rohrkrümmer beim Absenken des Saugrohres seine unterste Stellung erreicht hat. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß das Saugrohr während des Hebens und Senkens seine gestreckte Lage ohne Zutun des Baggerführers selbständig beibehält und auch Betriebsstörungen durch die Führungen der Seile nicht zu befürchten sind. Ein weiterer Vorteil des Saugbaggers nach der Erfindung besteht darin, daß für den Antrieb der Hydraulikpumpen ein Motor mit verhältnismäßig geringer Leistung verwendet werden kann, da beim Heben des Saugrohres die Energie, die für das Heben des Rohrkrümmers erforderlich ist, zunächst dem zum Heben des vorderen Rohrteils dienenden hydraulischen Antrieb zugeführt wird, der zur Beibehaltung einer gestreckten Lage des Saugrohres so lange mit doppelter Geschwindigkeit angetrieben werden muß und daher einen erhöhten Energieaufwand erfordert, bis das Saugrohr eine im wesentlichen horizontale Lage erreicht hat und auch das Heben des Rohrkrümmers beginnt.The aim of the invention is to avoid the stated disadvantages of the known suction excavators, and it exists in that the pulley blocks in a known manner at least approximately at the same distance are arranged from each other ufidd that the hydraulic: system of the lifting and lowering of the pipe elbow and the pipe parts of the suction pipe hydraulic drives having three hydraulic pumps driven by a common motor, of each of which is assigned to a drive, that also in the pressure lines leading to the drives the hydraulic pumps simple reversing valves are arranged, which are operated by a common operating lever are actuated, and that in the pressure line associated with the drive of the elbow Hydraulic pump a switching valve is also arranged, which is switched automatically and the pressure line to the pressure line of the hydraulic pump assigned to the drive of the front pipe part connects when the pipe bend reaches its lowest position when the suction pipe is lowered has. This ensures that the suction tube is stretched during the raising and lowering Maintains the position independently without the intervention of the excavator operator and also operational disruptions due to the guides of ropes are not to be feared. Another advantage of the suction dredger according to the invention is in that a motor with a relatively low power is used to drive the hydraulic pumps can be, since when lifting the suction pipe the energy required for lifting the pipe elbow is first fed to the hydraulic drive used to lift the front pipe part is used to maintain a stretched position of the suction pipe so long at twice the speed must be driven and therefore requires an increased expenditure of energy until the intake manifold a has reached a substantially horizontal position and the elbow begins to lift.

Bei einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die hydraulischen Antriebe als hydraulische Zylinder ausgebildet. Die hydraulischen Antriebe können jedoch auch als Spindelantriebe ausgebildet sein, die mittels hydraulischer Motoren angetrieben werden.In an expedient embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic drives are hydraulic Cylinder formed. The hydraulic drives can, however, also be designed as spindle drives which are driven by hydraulic motors.

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele des Gegenstandes der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt, und zwar zeigtIn the drawing, exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown schematically, namely shows

Fig. 1 das Saugrohr eines SaiigbaggersTiach der Erfindung in zwei verschiedeflerrstellungen in Seitenansicht, ^^. Fig. 1 the suction pipe of a SaiigbaggersTiach the invention in two different positions in side view, ^^.

F i g. UeiriFlebebock zum Heben und Senken des den Saugkopf tragenden vorderen Rohrteils des Saugrohres, F i g. UeiriFlebebock for lifting and lowering the the front pipe part of the suction pipe carrying the suction head,

F i g. 3 den Hebebock zum Heben und Senken des hinteren Rohrteils des Saugrohres,F i g. 3 the jack for raising and lowering the rear pipe part of the suction pipe,

F i g. 4 den Hebebock zum Heben und Senken des Rohrkrümmers des Saugrohres,F i g. 4 the jack for raising and lowering the pipe bend of the suction pipe,

F i g. 5 das Schaltschema für das Hydrauliksystem des Saugbaggers undF i g. 5 the circuit diagram for the hydraulic system of the suction excavator and

F i g. 6 einen hydraulischen Antrieb zum Heben und Senken des Saugrohres nach einem abgewandelten Ausführungsbeispiel.F i g. 6 shows a hydraulic drive for raising and lowering the suction pipe according to a modified one Embodiment.

Das Saugrohr des Saugbaggers besteht aus einem den Saugkopf 1 tragenden vorderen Rohrteil 2, einem hinteren Rohrteil 3 und einem Rohrkrümmer 4, der in einer senkrechten Führung 7 an der Bordwand des Baggerschiffes heb- und senkbar geführt ist. Das vordere Rohrteil 2 ist um eine waagerechte Achse 5 beweglich mit dem hinteren Rohrteil 3 verbunden. Dieses Rohrteil 3 ist seinerseits um eine zur Längsachse des Saugrohres und zur Achse 5 senkrecht verlaufende Achse 6 beweglich mit dem Rohrkrümmer 4 verbunden. Die Rohrteile 2, 3 und der Rohrkrümmer 4 sind an den.Seilen 8, 9,10 von Flaschenzügen 16, 24, 28 aufgehängt.The suction pipe of the suction excavator consists of a front pipe part 2 carrying the suction head 1, a rear pipe part 3 and a pipe bend 4, which is in a vertical guide 7 on the side wall of the Dredging vessel is raised and lowered. The front tubular part 2 is movable about a horizontal axis 5 connected to the rear pipe part 3. This pipe part 3 is in turn about a longitudinal axis of the suction pipe and the axis 6 running perpendicular to the axis 5, movable with the pipe bend 4 connected. The pipe parts 2, 3 and the pipe elbow 4 are on the ropes 8, 9,10 of pulleys 16, 24, 28 hung.

Das Seil 8 des dem Rohrteil 3 des Saugrohres zugeordneten Flaschenzuges 16 ist über eine Rolle 11 eines Auslegers 12 und eine weitere Rolle 13, die fest an einer Stütze 14 befestigt ist, zu den Flaschenblöcken 15,17 des Flaschenzuges 16 geführt, von denen der untere Flaschenblock 17 mit dem Kolben eines hydraulischen Zylinders 18 fest verbunden ist. Jeder Flaschenblock 15 bzw. 17 ist mit 4 Rollen versehen, so daß der Flaschenzug 16 achtfach geflascht ist. Die F i g. 2 zeigt den Ausleger 12 in aus-ge-The cable 8 of the pulley block 16 assigned to the pipe part 3 of the suction pipe is via a roller 11 a boom 12 and a further roller 13, which is firmly attached to a support 14, to the bottle blocks 15,17 of the pulley system 16, of which the lower bottle block 17 with the piston a hydraulic cylinder 18 is firmly connected. Each bottle block 15 or 17 is provided with 4 rollers, so that the pulley 16 is braided eightfold. The F i g. 2 shows the boom 12 in an extended

Claims

3 43 4

pivoted position and the front pipe part 2 is to be in, the three hydraulic pumps 40 work, raised position. To deposit the suction pipe 41, 42 via the reversing valves 45, 48, 49 directly on the deck 19 of the dredger, the hydraulic cylinders 18, 26, 30, and 12 are indicated in the dash-dotted lines with the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders Cylinder is raised in the illustrated position 12 α and raised in a manner not shown. When the Rohrkrümneter found way. In the known 4, the roller 13 is used, if it has reached its lowest position, it is used in the manner to bring about a lowering of the boom 12 when the rope 8 is lowered by a reversible lowering of the boom 12, which is not shown in detail. In the same device, a switching valve 63 in the same way as the cable 8 is shown in FIG. 3 the cable 9 of the device 46 is switched over in such a way that the pressure line assigned to the rear pipe part 3 of the suction pipe 46 is now via a pressure line 64 and via the pulley system 24 via a roller 20 of a boom · reversing valve 49 with the hydraulic cylinder 21 and via a a support fixed 18 connected, after the reversing valve 45 there further roller 22 to the upper bottle blocks 23, is blocked against. As a result, the hydraulic 25 of the pulley block 24, of which the cylinder 30 is shut down, while on the other hand, about twice the amount of a hydraulic cylinder 26 is firmly connected in the lower cylinder block 25 also with the piston 15 hydraulic cylinder 18. of hydraulic fluid enters, i.e. the rope 8 with double

As shown in FIG. As can be seen from Fig. 4, the rope 10 is driven by the pelter speed. At the

The processes are carried out in the hoist of the suction pipe

similar to the bottle blocks 27, 29 of the in reverse order.

Pulley 28 out and also the lower bottle 20 The control levers 66, 67, 68 of the reversing valves 48, rule block 29 with the piston of a hydraulic 45, 49 are via a detachable linkage with a Cylinder 30 firmly connected. At 31 in FIG. 4 an operating lever 65 connected through which the Um-gate frame denotes, which is switched on and off together to accommodate the control valve Raising and lowering the suction pipe the pipe ends. By loosening the linkage, the control manifold 4 can be used to guide the slide. 25 levers 66, 67, 68 of the reversing valves, however, also from

The movable bottle blocks 17, 25, 29 which are separated from the common actuating lever 65

Pulley blocks 16, 24, 28 can be one or both sides, so that each hydraulic cylinder 18, 26 or

be provided with guide rollers, which in turn can be operated 30 for itself. The feeler roller 32

each run in a guide frame. acts on a tax not shown in detail

As a result, the bottle blocks 17, 25, 29 30 device, which in turn controls the operating lever 65 so

flawlessly managed. The hydraulic cylinder 18, controls that an even tension in the side

26, 30 are each maintained with their respective be 8, 9,10,

Removable bottle block 17, 25 or 29 facing away instead of the hydraulic cylinder 18, 26, 30

The end at a point 69 on the deck 19 of the excavator can be used to operate the pulley blocks 17, 25, 29

Ship · stored; this results in a very special 35 spindle drives are also used, of which

multiple arrangement of the pulley blocks 16, 24, 28 and each driven by means of a hydraulic motor

of hydraulic cylinders 18, 26, 30, as this is being done before, the hydraulic motors in principle

directions each between a fixed in the same way as the hydraulic cylinders 18, 26,

Bottle blocks 15, 23 or 27 and a point 69 30 are switched on in the hydraulic system,

are excited. It is advisable to use the 4 ° pulley blocks.

16, 24, 28 to be provided with limit switches, which is shown in FIG. 6 shown. Here is the spindle

Reaching the two end positions of the pulley blocks that of the spindle drive, for example with the movable one

Put the system out of operation. Bottle block 17 of the pulley 16 connected.

According to FIG. 2 lies on the cable 8 of the front part of the drive tube which interacts with the spindle 70 2 associated pulley block 16 a feeler 45 nut 71 of the spindle drive is connected to the roll 32, which is attached to a screw 72 meshing with a drive nut that is pivotable about an axis 34 and gebaren Double lever 33 is mounted and by means of a gearbox from a hydraulic one driven on the double lever 33 acting pressure device motor 73 which is connected to the pressure lines 50, device 35 is connected under constant pressure against the rope 8 51 of the hydraulic system. We pressed will. 50 way of the spindle drive is then with regard to

According to FIG. 5 shows the basic principle for controlling the hydraulic lifting and lowering of the suction pipe.

hydraulic system serving hydraulic cylinders 18, 26, 30 borrowed the same as when using hydraulic

three hydraulic pumps 40, 41, 42 on, which are of a lischen cylinder.

common motor 43 are driven. The when using hydraulic motors

Hydraulic pump 40 is via a pressure line 44 with 55 the circulating amount of pressure fluid is naturally

a reversing valve 48 is connected. To the same extent larger than when using hydraulic

Way, the hydraulic pumps 41 and 42 are about to see cylinders. However, there is the advantage

Pressure lines 46 and 47 with reversing valves 45 that can be used with low pressures, and 49 connected. Lead from reversing valve 49

two lines 50 and 51 to the hydraulic cylinder 18. In the same way lead from the reversing valves 48 and 45 lines 52, 53 and 54, 55 1. Suction excavator, whose suction pipe consists of two gezu the hydraulic cylinders 26 and 30. Furthermore, pipe parts connected to one another in an articulated manner of the reversing valves 45, 48 and 49 is, in which at the free end of the front Return lines 56, 57 and 58 are arranged over a collecting pipe 65 part of the suction head and the line 59 to the oil tank 60 of the hydraulic system. free end of the rear pipe part articulated with

When the intake manifold is connected from its position 61 on the one manifold that is in a

Deck 19 in position 62 according to FIG. 1 lowered vertical guide on the side of the bag

Gerschiffes is raised and lowered, with three to raise and lower the suction pipe hydraulically operated pulley blocks are used, in which the pipe bend on the rope of the first pulley block, the pipe part connected to the pipe bend and on the rope of the second pulley block on the rope of the third pulley - the pipe part carrying the suction head is suspended, thereby characterized in that the pulley blocks (16, 24, 28) in a manner known per se at least are arranged approximately at the same distance from each other and that the hydraulic system of for raising and lowering the pipe elbow (4) and the pipe parts (2, 3) of the suction pipe hydraulic drives three hydraulic pumps driven by a common motor (43) (40, 41, 42), each of which is assigned to a drive that is also in the to the Drives leading pressure lines (44, 46, 47) of the hydraulic pumps (40, 41, 42) simple reversing valves (48, 45, 49) are arranged, which are operated by a common operating lever (65) are, and that in the pressure line (46) assigned to the drive of the pipe elbow (4) Hydraulic pump (41) a switching valve (63) is also arranged, which switches over automatically and the pressure line (46) to the pressure line (47) of the drive of the front Hydraulic pump (42) assigned to the pipe part (2) connects when the pipe bend (4) is lowered the suction tube has reached its lowest position.

2. Suction excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that that the hydraulic drives are designed as hydraulic cylinders (18,26,30) are.

3. suction excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic drives as Spindle drives are formed which are driven by hydraulic motors.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings