DE1278891B - Arrangement for locating a sound source - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. α .:

GOIs

German class: 74 d- 6/12

Number: 1278 891

File number: P 12 78 891.9-35 (C 33710)

Filing date: August 25, 1964

Opening day: September 26, 1968

The invention relates to an arrangement for locating a sound source, in particular for the Underwater sound location, with a group of receivers, which are essentially in a die Sound source containing plane are arranged and are directional in this plane, with Sampling devices for the temporal sampling of the signals emitted by the sound source, with devices to compensate for the different transit times between the sound source and the various Receivers when the sound source is in one of several predetermined reference directions and with a register with flip-flops connected in cascade.

In known arrangements of this type, the memory contains a flip-flop register for each receiver. The previously limited and reinforced Signals are periodically sampled and entered into the appropriate register. You go in the same periodic sequence in each register from one flip-flop to the next. Each reference direction is then through an electrical connection defined between the outputs of those trigger circuits at which the signals arrive simultaneously, which come from the same source lying in this direction. This electrical connection allows periodically the sum of the signals emitted by each of the receivers so to form as if these receivers were at the same distance from the source, so as if all signals would arrive in phase at all receivers.

The disadvantage of these systems is that it is not possible to receive data from the individual recipients to separate originating signals because the output signals of the different receivers for one Sound source lying in a certain direction at the same time at the end of the one corresponding to this direction electrical connection appear so that one can only get the sum of these output signals can get. It is therefore not possible to separate the output signals of the different receivers evaluate, for example with the help of correlation arrangements, when using the signal-to-noise ratio the location can be improved.

The aim of the invention is to create an arrangement of the type specified in the opening paragraph, in which a separate evaluation of the output signals of the different corresponding to the same sound source Recipient is possible.

According to the invention this is achieved in that at least one matrix of magnetic ring arrangement for locating a sound source

Applicant:

CSF-Compagnie Generale de Telegrapbie

sans FiI, Paris

Representative:

ίο Dipl.-Ing. E. Prince, Dr. rer. nat. G. Hauser
and Dipl.-Ing. G. Leiser, patent attorneys,
8000 Munich-Pasing, Ernsbergerstr. 19th

^J 5 Named inventor:
Francois Orieux, Paris

Claimed priority:
France of August 26, 1963 (945 645)

cores is provided, the rows of which are each one of the receivers and the columns of which are each one of the Flip-flops are assigned that a signal generator supplies signals to each matrix line, which have the same period for all lines and are shifted against each other by the same fixed time, that each matrix row also has logic circuits which are connected to the output of arrangements are connected to amplify and limit the output signals of each receiver at least two amplitude values 0 and 1 are used, connected to the first flip-flop of the register is that the input of each further flip-flop circuit on the one hand with a matrix column and on the other hand with the immediately preceding flip-flop is connected and that the running time differences by as many connections between the toroidal cores of different rows are compensated as specified Directions exist.

In the arrangement carried out according to the invention, a specific one appears at the exit Direction of location associated connection between the toroidal cores, which is practically a reading wire, no longer a single sum of all corresponding signals, but a sequence of chronologically staggered ones Signals that correspond to the individual receivers. These individual signals can then be used in any desired Way to be evaluated. On the one hand

809 618/164

3 4

the sum can be formed therefrom, on the other hand flip-flop B _{1 + 1} and on the other hand with the η in but also with the help of a correlation arrangement series connected windings of the column with the voltage the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved. Ordinal number / connected in the toroidal core matrix M.

The invention is described below with reference to the Each magnetic toroidal core kj (where the index

Drawing explained by way of example. 5 shows first the ordinal number of the line and then the

Fig. 1 indicates the block diagram of the ordinal number of the column according to the invention) also carries a Arrangement, line winding. The line windings of the ring

F i g. 2 the hysteresis loop of a magnetic core of the same row lie in series in one Toroidal core, control line that leads to a common control

F i g. Heard 3 timing diagrams of the amplitudes of the io circuit. The control line of the order control signal and the signals triggered by it, number k connects an output s _{k of} a signal fig. 4 another embodiment of the invention generator G, which is fed by a clock O according to the arrangement with two toroidal core, mastrizen with the second input of the AND circuit, which are sampled simultaneously, with the same ordinal number (ET _k ).

F i g. 5 a further embodiment of the invention.

F i g. 6 a diagram to explain the effect that the corresponding input times, soft the wise and ordinal numbers of the columns are proportional, im

7 shows an individual part of the arrangement from FIG. 1. 20 the differences in the transit times are essential. For a better understanding, the following are pens, which are described in the relevant exemplary embodiment Tj, which is located in the direction distant source to the in In practice, very important special case, there are different receivers that the coding of the received by the receivers There are, for example, a hundred read lines V ₁

given signals in a simple limitation 25 to F ₁₀₀ , each of which consists of one of a hundred fixed, i.e. in a binary coding, in which directions are assigned that are at the same distance between the digit 0 of the negative half-wave of the signal and the, so that a lateral angle location to which the number 1 corresponds to the positive half-wave. perceived source is possible up to + 1.8 °

In Fig. 1, η receivers are shown; these are / 360 _ ₁ "\ for example hydrophones H ₁ , H ₂ ... H _k ... H _n . 30 \ 200 ~~ 'j'

These receivers are shown as punctiform. It will now be shown how to do this step by step

took. This means that their dimensions are negligible in relation to input and line-by-line reading of the toroidal core memory previously written to the wavelength of the signals to be analyzed. They are equal to each other and if at the recipients H ₁ ... H _n one of

in each case in the same plane, the reference plane 35 of a same source originating plane wave is called, without directional effects. If this plane is located, they receive signals / ^ ... h _n (Fig. La) from the horizontal when the source of the azimuth angle is the same frequency that is to be assigned in a temporal correlation. stand each other. These signals are amplified by the ver These receivers are amplified in a suitable group of amplifiers A _h (Jc = 1 ... n) and distributed by the pation in the vicinity of this reference plane; 4 ° limiter E _k limited. At the output of Begrenbeispielsweise a ship forms around the torso zer E _k is obtained signals e _k. These signals are a linear grouping of hydrophones with square wave signals with two amplitude values, one of the vertical axis one being substantially horizontal one being in the 0 state and the other being the belt. State 1 are assigned.

The output of each receiver is connected to the input 45 The magnetic toroidal cores have the ones shown in FIG. 2 output of the first flip-flop B _{1 of} a register R shown hysteresis loop, which shows the induction B with ρ flip-flops B ₁ .. .Bj .. .B " each over as a function of the applied field H. These _n an amplifier A _1, A ₂ ... A _k ... A, a curve that is approximately rectangular and has an upper limiter amplifier connected downstream of E _1, E ₂ .E .. _k level to that associated with the value of 0 is, and a ... E _n and erne AND circuit ET ₁ , ET ₂ ... ET _n 5 ° lower level that is assigned to the value 1. tied together. Every AND circuit has an output, if the toroidal core is at level 0, which can be connected to the input of the flip-flop _{circuit JS 1} through a current pulse I, which is one of the fields, and two inputs, one of which is at the strength - H _T corresponds to the output of the corresponding limiter brought to level 1. On the other hand, he stays when putting on a sen is. 55 current impulse with the value -7/2 at level 0.

The register R is, for example, equipped with transistor circuits switched in cascade. If the core is at level 1, however, corresponding results are obtained with current impulses in the registers, which are obtained in particular in the DIMUS +7, which are used on the level 0 system , that put in the magazine, and with current pulses +1/2, which leave him "Journal of the Acoustical Society of America", 60 at level 1. The impulses ± 7 should July 1960, p. 867 ff., Is described. hereinafter referred to as "magnetic reversal" and the

The output of the flip-flop Ti ₁ is, on the one hand, current pulses +7/2 which can be referred to as "half remagnetization with the input of the flip-flop Ti ₂ and other current".

on the other hand with the η series-connected windings The generator G gives at its outputs S ₁ ... s _n

the first column of a magnetic core matrix M with 65 signals a _v a ₂ ... a _n ab (FIG. 3 e). These signals are connected to η rows and ρ columns from toroidal cores. positive pulses with the amplitude 7, which in the same way is the output of any one negative pulse with half the Ummagnetisie flip-flop Bj on the one hand with the input of the approximate current 7/2 follows (Fig. 3a). These impulses return

Claims (1)

5 6 all with the same period T again; the delay on the second line, etc., until finally the generation of the impulses a _k compared to the impulses a _k _ _x signal a _n in the same way on the last line I if " N is the number of lines,"<£ E% JZZ $ Z StZ 5ΪΪ The pulse / that on the first line of the ring 5 in FIG. Pulse d 3 shown when one of the ring core matrix incoming signal a _x WIR has two cores of the group in question its state kungen: changes. ν ",. , _{Λ,. TT} , _,. "" The largest number of impulses appears on the a) effect on the AND circuit ET _{1 jenigen & Leseleitun which the TU} ng assigned When the pulse at the input of the AND circuit is io net, from which the captured sound radiation UT ₁ comes simultaneously with a positive half-wave of the. The counting arrangement of FIG. 7 contains a Signal e _t arrives (which corresponds to the value 1), arrangement 10 for resetting to 0, to which a appears at the output of the AND circuit ET ₁ which follows in integrator 11. Arrangements of this type are on F i g. 3 b shown positive pulse. This impulse is well known. Every reading line is one lets the flip-flop B ₁ tip over. These are then assigned 15 such arrangements. She counts the number the negative pulse shown in Fig. 3c - 1/2 of the pulses soft on the relevant read line away. The circuits are sized so that the appears during a reading period. Pulse of Fig. 3c simultaneously with the negative Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of the Momentum of the in FIG. 3 a occurs, the invention with two arrangements of the in F i g. 1 ge also has the amplitude -112 . These two 20 showed Art. The hydrophones H ₁ to H ₁₀ are one Pulses bring together the toroidal core 1.1 in the first register R ₁ and assigned to a matrix M ₁ . State 1, if he did not already have it. The hydrophones Ji ₁₁ to H ₂₀ are a second When the signal of Fig. 3a is simultaneously assigned to register R ₂ and a matrix M ₂ . the a value 0 of the signal e _t arrives, no read lines appear connecting the toroidal cores of the first Output signal at the output of the AND circuit ET ₁ . 25 matrix and the toroidal cores of the second matrix in Since the toroid 1.1 by the positive part of the series. in Fig. 3 a pulse shown in the state 0 This arrangement has the advantage that the number has been brought, it remains in this state. the hydrophone can be multiplied without Thus, the toroidal core 1.1 assumes the state 1, the reading period Γ is increased. This reading period if the input signal has the value 1, and the 30 is namely due to the magnetic reversal time constant State 0 if the input signal has the value 0. the toroidal cores limited. The magnetization reversal time ,>. ",.,. j ". , ^ · / Τ μ 1 c 1 * λ of ^a small string core is, for example, 3 μβ. b) Effect on the toroidal core 1. / (line 1, column j) _{Hn clock with the Freque} nz 33 kHz, so the This toroidal core had either a period of 30 μβ before the pulse and can only have ten rows of toroidal cores. the state 0 or the state 1. If he solve the 35. Had state 1, it is indicated by the pulse +/- of Fig. 5 shows a more general embodiment, signal of F i g. 3 a in the state 0 ummagneti- in which the output from each hydrophone siert. The resulting sudden induction signal with the help of several impulses in a binary change in position can be encoded in the column / on the column number representation. The outputs lead a positive pulse of the one shown in FIG. 3 b shown- 40 of the encryptor N _k , soft appear the different th type, which correspond to the flip-flop B _{1 to} code pulses or binary digits, can be flipped. This brings you back to the previous case with the row lines of the toroidal core memory. The toroidal core 1./+1 receives a pulse in the same way as the outputs of the limiters E ₁₁ , which is the sum of the pulse from F i g. 1 connected via AND circuits ET , of Fig. 3c and the negative part of the signal 45. In this case, the sequence of the output signal of Fig. 3a corresponds to, ie a pulse - /. Each channel is divided into as many elementary signals If it was in state 0, it goes into the position as there are hydrophones, with state 1. If, on the other hand, it was in state 1, each of these elementary signals remains in this state as many binary signals. contains digits, such as outputs on the encryptor N before If, on the other hand, the toroidal core I .; the state 0 50 are present. nothing happens; the toroidal core 1./+1 would It should be noted that in the inventive device by the positive pulse + / of the signal from the arrangement, a single register R is used in FIG. 3 a brought to state 0. the columns of a matrix of magnetic ring-So the following applies to all rows: Write the information in each core, which means the input and output of a signal from F i g. 3 a takes the ring gears of the η lines of this matrix, kern kl the value of the signal at the input of the receiver H ₁ , and each ring core is an advantage of the system according to the invention, but the fact that the with each control signal in each of the lines transmits its state to the immediate read channel received signals γ _Δ successively following toroidal core in the same line. seem so that it is possible to separate them like this F i g. 6 shows an example of the various factors to be used that the signal-to-noise ratio would stand during the location, which the toroidal cores are enlarged when the is applied.
Signals _% ... a _{n can} accept claims: In this representation it can be seen that the The 1st arrangement for locating a sound source follows the signals coming from the generator G, States 1 or 0 of the toroidal cores one after the other after 65, especially for underwater sound location, shifts right. with a group of recipients, soft im The signal Ci ₁ acts in this way on the first essential in a sound source contained- Line a, then the signal a ₂ acts in the same way as the plane is arranged and in this plane are free of light effects, with scanning devices for temporal sampling of the signals emitted by the sound source, with devices for Compensation of the different transit times between the sound source and the various Receivers, if the sound source is in one of several predetermined reference directions, and with a register with flip-flops connected in cascade, characterized in that that at least one matrix of magnetic toroidal cores is provided, whose Lines are each assigned to one of the receivers and their columns are each assigned to one of the flip-flops are that a signal generator supplies signals for each matrix line, which signals for all lines have the same period and are shifted against each other by the same fixed time that each Matrix lines also have logic circuits connected to the output of arrangements are used to amplify and limit the output signals of each receiver to at least two amplitude values 0 and 1 serve, is connected to the first flip-flop of the register that the input of each further Toggle circuit on the one hand with a matrix column and on the other hand with the immediately preceding one Flip-flop is connected and that the delay time differences by just as many connections between the toroidal cores of different lines are compensated as specified Directions exist. 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that for the reception of sound waves, which propagate horizontally in the water, the receivers are hydrophones that move in are arranged in a substantially horizontal plane. 3. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the signals coming from the different receivers are amplified and limited to two voltage values, one of which is assigned to the signal value 0 and the other to the signal value 1, and that the signal generator with the period T Provides signals, each of which contains a pulse which is essentially equal to a positive magnetic reversal current for the toroidal cores, and which is followed with a predetermined delay by a pulse which corresponds to a negatively directed half magnetic reversal current, the delay being equal to the sum of the magnetic reversal time of a toroidal core and the switching time of a flip-flop circuit of the register. 4. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that that the first toggle switch of the register with the outputs of as many AND circuits are connected as there are rows to an input of each of these AND circuits is connected to the corresponding row line of the matrix and that the other Output of each AND circuit with the output of the corresponding receiver Limiting arrangement is connected. 5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that that the time shift of the signals of a line compared to the signals of the The following line has the value - ^ -, where N is the number of lines and T is the common period of the signals. 6. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that each Kompensationsverbmdung a counting and integration arrangement is assigned. 7. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Recipients are grouped into subgroups of equal numbers that each of these subgroups its own matrix is assigned and that the compensation connections are toroidal cores connect different lines of the different matrices with each other in series. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings 809 618/164 9.68 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin