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DE1248325B - Lens with continuously changeable focal length, especially for 35mm cameras - Google Patents

Lens with continuously changeable focal length, especially for 35mm cameras

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Publication number
DE1248325B
DE1248325B DEE19957A DEE0019957A DE1248325B DE 1248325 B DE1248325 B DE 1248325B DE E19957 A DEE19957 A DE E19957A DE E0019957 A DEE0019957 A DE E0019957A DE 1248325 B DE1248325 B DE 1248325B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
focal length
lens
cameras
lenses
ndl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEE19957A
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German (de)
Inventor
Hans Lautenbacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ENNA WERK OPTIK APELT
Original Assignee
ENNA WERK OPTIK APELT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ENNA WERK OPTIK APELT filed Critical ENNA WERK OPTIK APELT
Priority to DEE19957A priority Critical patent/DE1248325B/en
Publication of DE1248325B publication Critical patent/DE1248325B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/143Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having three groups only
    • G02B15/1431Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having three groups only the first group being positive
    • G02B15/143105Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having three groups only the first group being positive arranged +-+

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Description

Objektiv mit kontinuierlich veränderbarer Brennweite, insbesondere für Kleinbildkameras Die Erfinduno, bezieht sich auf photographische Objektive mit innerhalb eines weiten Bereichs kontinuierlich veränderbarer Brennweite, welche insbesondere bei Kleinbildkameras Anwendung finden sollen.Lens with continuously variable focal length, in particular for 35mm cameras The invention relates to photographic lenses with within a wide range of continuously variable focal length, which are intended to be used in particular in 35mm cameras.

Objektive mit kontinuierlich veränderbarer Brennweite sind in den verschiedensten Bauformen bekanntgeworden. üblicherweise bestehen sie aus einem der Bildebene zugekehrten meh#.gliedrigen Hauptteil und einem diesem vorgesetzten, meist mehrgliedrigen Teil, welches durch axiale Verstellung C, tD von Linsengliedern die Brennweitenveränderung ermöglicht. Die meisten dieser Objektive sind für Filmaufnahmegeräte, insbesondere aber für Kleinstbildfilmgeräte bestimmte Konstruktionen.Lenses with continuously variable focal length are in the various designs have become known. they usually consist of one the main part facing the image plane and one in front of it, mostly multi-element part, which is achieved by axial adjustment C, tD of lens elements which enables the focal length to be changed. Most of these lenses are for film recorders, but in particular constructions designed for miniature film devices.

Nachdem nun auch die Forderung nach Objekti- ven für kleine, handliche Kleinbildkameras mit veränderbarer Brennweite, d. h. Kameras mit einem Bildformat von z. B. 24X36 mm, erhoben wurde, mußten neue Wege beschritten werden, die es ermöglichten, diese Objektive in mechanischer Hinsicht in solche Größenordnungen zu bringen, daß sie noch gut handlich sind. Würde man nämlich für die in Betracht kommenden Objektive die Konstruktionsprinzipien bekanntgewordener Objektive anwenden, so würden Objektive mit einer enormen Baulänge und sehr großen Linsendurchmessern entstehen, deren Nachteile unter anderem darin bestehen, daß sie nicht nur schlecht transportierbar sind, sondern auch viel zu teuer würden. Die meisten der bekannten Objektive haben eine Baulänge, die beträchtlich über dem 20fachen der Bilddiagonale liegt und mitunter sogar über das 100fache der Bilddiagonale hinausgeht. Ein weiterer Mangel der bekannten Objektive liegt in deren mechanischem Aufbau, bedingt jedoch durch die Objektivkonstruktion, weil zumeist die Bewe-Unaen der zu verschiebenden Glieder des Objektivs verhältnismäßig kompliziert sind, weshalb der mechanische Aufwand, um diese Schwierigkeiten zu meistern, ein beträchtlicher ist. Somit lassen sich bekanntgewordene Konstruktionsprinzipien für ein Objektiv der in Betracht kommenden Art und cemäß der gestellten Aufgabe nicht anwenden oder übertra-en.Now that the demand for lenses for small, handy 35mm cameras with a variable focal length, i. H. Cameras with an image format of e.g. B. 24X36 mm, was raised, new paths had to be broken that made it possible to bring these lenses in mechanical terms in such dimensions that they are still easy to handle. If one were to apply the construction principles of lenses that have become known for the lenses in question, lenses with an enormous overall length and very large lens diameters would result, the disadvantages of which are, among other things, that they are not only difficult to transport but also become much too expensive. Most of the known lenses have an overall length that is considerably more than 20 times the image diagonal and sometimes even more than 100 times the image diagonal. Another shortcoming of the known lenses is their mechanical structure, but due to the lens construction, because the movements of the lens elements to be displaced are usually relatively complicated, which is why the mechanical effort required to overcome these difficulties is considerable. Thus, construction principles that have become known cannot be used or transferred for a lens of the type under consideration and in accordance with the task at hand.

Die Forderung hinsichtlich eines Objektivs mit kontinuierlich veränderbarer Brennweite für photographische Kameras für die Aufnahme von Bildern etwa im Kleinbildformat sind foloende: 1. Die größte Gesamtbaulänge des Objektivs muß .kleiner sein als das 4fache der Bilddiagonale; 2. die bildseitige Schnittweite Z des Objektivs darf nicht größer sein als das 1,2fache der kurzen Brennweite fk des Objektivs in der Weitwinkeleinstellung; 3. der Durchmesser der vordersten Linse darf höchstens das Doppelte der Bilddiagonale betragen; 4. die axiale Bewegung der Linsen bzw. Linsengruppen soll so einfach wie möglich sein, d. h., daß komplizierte Bewegungen zu vermeiden sind.The requirements for a lens with continuously variable focal length for photographic cameras for taking pictures, for example in 35mm format, are as follows: 1. The largest overall length of the lens must be smaller than 4 times the image diagonal; 2. the focal length Z of the lens on the image side must not be greater than 1.2 times the short focal length fk of the lens in the wide-angle setting; 3. The diameter of the foremost lens must not exceed twice the image diagonal; 4. The axial movement of the lenses or lens groups should be as simple as possible, i. that is, complicated movements are to be avoided.

Die Erfüllung dieser Forderungen und eine weitere Verbesserung der optischen Korrektion über den (resamten Brennweitenbereich lassen sich erreichen, wenn ein nachfolgend beschriebener Aufbau gewählt wird und die nachfolgend angeführten Bedingungen eingehalten werden: Der axial verschiebliche positive Frontteil F des in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Objektivs, dessen Brechkraft auf drei Linsen aufgeteilt ist, hat eine Brennweite, die kleiner ist als der 2fache Wert der kurzen Gesamtbrennweite in der Weitwinkelstellung der Objektivglieder. Der gleichfalls verschiebliche negative Mittelteil M, dessen Brechkraft ebenfalls auf drei Linsen aufgeteilt ist, hat eine Brennweite, die höchstens dem 0,6fachen Wert der kurzen Gesamtbrennweite in der Weitwinkelstellung entspricht.The fulfillment of these demands and a further improvement of the optical correction over the entire focal length range can be achieved if a structure described below is selected and those listed below Conditions are met: The axially displaceable positive front part F des Objective shown schematically in the drawing, its refractive power to three Lenses is divided, has a focal length that is less than twice the value the short overall focal length in the wide-angle position of the lens elements. Likewise Slidable negative middle part M, whose refractive power is also on three lenses is divided, has a focal length that is at most 0.6 times the value of the short one Corresponds to the total focal length in the wide-angle position.

Die vordere objektseitige positive Linsengruppe H,7 des bildseitigen Objektivhauptteils H in' Form eines Triplets besteht, um eine echte Telewirkung zu erreichen, aus drei Linsen positiver Brechkraft und einer Linse mit negativer Brechkraft, die vorzugsweise mit einer der positiven Linsen der positiven Linsengruppe H" verkittet ist und stark- chromatisch wirkt. Die Brennweite der vorderen positiven Linsengruppe H, des bildseitigen Objektivhauptteils H ist kleiner als das 0,8fache der kurzen Gesamtbrennweite, d. h. der Gesamtbrennweite in der Weitwinkelstellung. Ferner besteht die letzte Linse des Hauptteils H aus einem Glas, dessen v-Wert kleiner ist als das 0,8fache eines Drittels der Summe der v-Werte der ersten drei Linsen der vorderen positiven Linsen-ruppe H, des Hauptteils H CD und dessen nd-Wert um wenigstens 0,05 größer ist als die Hälfte der nd-Werte der beiden vordersten Linsen des Frontteils F Das in der Zeichnung an Hand eines Schnittbildes schematisch dargestellte Objektiv soll gemäß der Erfindung die nachstehend angeführten Konstruktionsdaten aufweisen. Brennweite: f = 85 bis 240 bildseitige Schnittweite s' = 87,7 öffnungsverhältnis: 1 4 0 Rl 110,0 LI di = 9,0 nd, = 1,52249 ri # 59,6 R 2 = -400,0 11 = 0>5 R,3 = +47,0 L., d2 = 11,0 nd2 = 1,51895 )'2 = 57,3 R4 = 00 43 d3 = 3,0 nd" = 1,65017 v2, = 33,7 R5 = +53,45 1, = 6,0 bis 50,0 R6 = -300,0 L 4 d4 = 4,0 nd4 = 1,78470 X'4 = 26,1 R- = -40,0 L5 d,5 = 1,5 nd, = 1,78847 = 50,4 R8 = +46,4 2,5 R9 = CO L6 d6 = 1,5 nd, = 1,62041 = 60,3 Rlo = +128,5 RI, = +95,4 14 = 43,5 bis 7,5 - LI d, = 3,5 nd, = 1,62041 v, = 60,3 R12 # -500,0 #5 = 0,5 R13 = +69,7 L8 d8 = 4,7 nds = 1,62041 j"g = 60,3 R14 # -437,0 16 = 0,3 R15 = +40,0 Lq d9 = 5,0 ndg = 1,62041 rg = 60,3 R16 = -172,0 Lin dio # 2,0 nd" = 1,62536 vlo = 35,6 R17 # +54,6 17 = 7,5 Ris = -300,0 Lii dl, = 3,0 ndl, = 1,69895 v11 = 30,1 R19 # +36,6 1,3 = 8,0 R20 = +127,0 L12 d 12 = 5,5 nd12 # 1,65017 2' 12 # 33,7 R" = -72,5 Unter die Erfindung fallen aber auch alle solche Objektive, die für den Fachmann naheliegende Datenabweichungen aufweisen, ohne die Gesamtkorrektion des Objektivs wesentlich zu verändern.The front object-side positive lens group H, 7 of the image-side objective main part H in the form of a triplet consists of three lenses with positive refractive power and one lens with negative refractive power, which is preferably combined with one of the positive lenses of the positive lens group H " The focal length of the front positive lens group H of the image-side main lens part H is smaller than 0.8 times the short total focal length, i.e. the total focal length in the wide-angle position. Furthermore, the last lens of the main part H consists of a glass whose v-value is less than 0.8 times a third of the sum of the v-values of the first three lenses of the front positive lens group H, the main part H CD and the nd value of which is at least 0.05 greater than half the nd values of the two foremost lenses of the front part F. The objective shown schematically in the drawing with the aid of a sectional view should, according to the invention, have the construction data listed below. Focal length: f = 85 to 240 Focal length on the image side s' = 87.7 opening ratio: 1 4 0 Rl 110.0 LI di = 9.0 nd, = 1.52249 ri # 59.6 R 2 = -400.0 11 = 0> 5 R, 3 = +47.0 L., d2 = 11.0 nd2 = 1.51895 ) '2 = 57.3 R4 = 00 43 d3 = 3.0 nd " = 1.65017 v2, = 33.7 R5 = +53.45 1, = 6.0 to 50.0 R6 = -300.0 L 4 d4 = 4.0 nd4 = 1.78470 X'4 = 26.1 R- = -40.0 L5 d, 5 = 1.5 nd, = 1.78847 = 50.4 R8 = +46.4 2.5 R9 = CO L6 d6 = 1.5 nd, = 1.62041 = 60.3 Rlo = +128.5 RI, = +95.4 14 = 43.5 to 7.5 - LI d, = 3.5 nd, = 1.62041 v, = 60.3 R12 # -500.0 # 5 = 0.5 R13 = +69.7 L8 d8 = 4.7 nds = 1.62041 j "g = 60.3 R14 # -437.0 16 = 0.3 R15 = +40.0 Lq d9 = 5.0 ndg = 1.62041 rg = 60.3 R16 = -172.0 Lin dio # 2.0 nd " = 1.62536 vlo = 35.6 R17 # +54.6 17 = 7.5 Ris = -300.0 Lii dl, = 3.0 ndl, = 1.69895 v11 = 30.1 R19 # +36.6 1.3 = 8.0 R20 = +127.0 L12 d 12 = 5.5 nd12 # 1.65017 2 '12 # 33.7 R " = -72.5 However, the invention also includes all such objectives which have data deviations which are obvious to a person skilled in the art, without significantly changing the overall correction of the objective.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch: Photographisches Objektiv mit innerhalb eines weiten Bereiches kontinuierlich veränderbarer Brennweite, insbesondere für Kleinbildkameras, bestehend aus einem bildseitigen Objektivhaupt-c- teil (H) in der Ausbildung eines Teleobjektivs, einem Frontteil (F) und einem zwischen diesen beiden Teilen axial verschiebbaren Mittelteil (M), im wesentlichen -ekennzeichnet durch C folgende Konstruktionsdaten: Brennweite: f = 85 bis 240 bildseitige Schnittweite s' = 87,7 öffnungsverhältnis: 1: 4,0 R, = +110,0 LI d, = 9,0 nd, = 1,52249 vl # 59,6 R2 = -400,0 11 = 0,5 R., = +47,0 L2 d, = 11,0 nd, = 1,51895 v2 = 57>3 R 4 00 L 3 d3 = 3,0 nd, = 1,65017 r3 = 33,7 R5 +53,45 1,2 = 6,0 bis 50,0 RC -300,0 L4 d4 = 4,0 nd4 = 1,78470 v4 = 26,1 R 7 -40,0 L5 d, 1,5 nd, = 1,78847 v,5 = 50,4 R8 +46,4 13 = 2,5 R9 00 L6 de = 1,5 nd" # 1,62041 v6 = 60,3 Rl() = +128,5 14 = 43,5 bis 7,5 RI, = +95,4 L7 d7 = 3,5 nd7 = 1,62041 v7 = 60,3 R12 # -500,0 1.5 0,5 R 13 = +69,7 LS ds = 4,7 nd, = 1,62041 vs = 60,3 R14 = -437,0 16 = 0,3 RI,5 = +40,0 LD d9 = 5,0 nd, = 1,62041 vg = 60,3 R16 # -172,0 Lio dl() = 2,0 ndl,) # 1,62536 vl, = 35,6 R 17 = +54,6 17 = 7,5 R 18 # - 300,0 Lii dl, = 3,0 ndl, = 1,69895 Vil # 30,1 R 19 # +36,6 is = 8,0 &0 = +127,0 L12 d12 = 5,5 ndl-, #I,65017 v12 # 33,7 R21 = -72,5
In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Auslegeschrift Nr. 1040 280; französische Patentschriften Nr. 1212286, 1112 979; USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 861500; Journal of the SMPTE, 1959, S. 25 bis 28.
Patent claim: A photographic lens with continuously variable within a wide range focal length, in particular for miniature cameras, consisting of an image-side Objektivhaupt- c- part (H) in the form of a telephoto lens, a front part (F) and an axially displaceable between these two parts means part ( M), essentially -marked by C, the following construction data: Focal length: f = 85 to 240 Focal length on the image side s' = 87.7 opening ratio: 1: 4.0 R, = +110.0 LI d, = 9.0 nd, = 1.52249 vl # 59.6 R2 = -400.0 11 = 0.5 R., = +47.0 L2 d, = 11.0 nd, = 1.51895 v2 = 57> 3 R 4 00 L 3 d3 = 3.0 nd, = 1.65017 r3 = 33.7 R5 +53.45 1.2 = 6.0 to 50.0 RC -300.0 L4 d4 = 4.0 nd4 = 1.78470 v4 = 26.1 R 7 -40.0 L5 d, 1.5 nd, = 1.78847 v, 5 = 50.4 R8 +46.4 13 = 2.5 R9 00 L6 de = 1.5 nd " # 1.62041 v6 = 60.3 Rl () = +128.5 14 = 43.5 to 7.5 RI, = +95.4 L7 d7 = 3.5 nd7 = 1.62041 v7 = 60.3 R12 # -500.0 1.5 0.5 R 13 = +69.7 LS ds = 4.7 nd, = 1.62041 vs = 60.3 R14 = -437.0 16 = 0.3 RI, 5 = +40.0 LD d9 = 5.0 nd, = 1.62041 vg = 60.3 R16 # -172.0 Lio dl () = 2.0 ndl,) # 1.62536 vl, = 35.6 R 17 = +54.6 17 = 7.5 R 18 # - 300.0 Lii dl, = 3.0 ndl, = 1.69895 Vil # 30.1 R 19 # +36.6 is = 8.0 & 0 = +127.0 L12 d12 = 5.5 ndl-, # I, 65017 v12 # 33.7 R21 = -72.5
Documents considered: German Auslegeschrift No. 1 040 280; French Patent Nos. 1212286, 1 112 979; U.S. Patent No. 2,861,500; Journal of the SMPTE, 1959, pp. 25-28.
DEE19957A 1960-09-22 1960-09-22 Lens with continuously changeable focal length, especially for 35mm cameras Pending DE1248325B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE19957A DE1248325B (en) 1960-09-22 1960-09-22 Lens with continuously changeable focal length, especially for 35mm cameras

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3620602A (en) * 1969-08-02 1971-11-16 Ricoh Kk Variable-magnification afocal optical lens system
DE2164657A1 (en) * 1970-12-24 1972-07-06 Nippon Kogaku K.K., Tokio Optical system for the vario part of an ultra-tele varifocal lens

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1112979A (en) * 1954-10-22 1956-03-21 Variable focal length lens
DE1040280B (en) * 1955-02-08 1958-10-02 Schneider Co Optische Werke Bright photographic or cinematographic lens with variable focal length
US2861500A (en) * 1955-11-14 1958-11-25 Farrand Optical Co Inc Objective lens of extremely high relative aperture
FR1212286A (en) * 1957-10-02 1960-03-23 Taylor Improvements to variable focal length lenses

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1112979A (en) * 1954-10-22 1956-03-21 Variable focal length lens
DE1040280B (en) * 1955-02-08 1958-10-02 Schneider Co Optische Werke Bright photographic or cinematographic lens with variable focal length
US2861500A (en) * 1955-11-14 1958-11-25 Farrand Optical Co Inc Objective lens of extremely high relative aperture
FR1212286A (en) * 1957-10-02 1960-03-23 Taylor Improvements to variable focal length lenses

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3620602A (en) * 1969-08-02 1971-11-16 Ricoh Kk Variable-magnification afocal optical lens system
DE2164657A1 (en) * 1970-12-24 1972-07-06 Nippon Kogaku K.K., Tokio Optical system for the vario part of an ultra-tele varifocal lens
DE2164657B2 (en) * 1970-12-24 1980-10-16 Nippon Kogaku K.K., Tokio Varifocal lens for small field angles
DE2164657C3 (en) * 1970-12-24 1981-06-11 Nippon Kogaku K.K., Tokyo Varifocal lens for small field angles

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