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DE1111833B - Device for carrying out processes in a vacuum - Google Patents

Device for carrying out processes in a vacuum

Info

Publication number
DE1111833B
DE1111833B DEP15980A DEP0015980A DE1111833B DE 1111833 B DE1111833 B DE 1111833B DE P15980 A DEP15980 A DE P15980A DE P0015980 A DEP0015980 A DE P0015980A DE 1111833 B DE1111833 B DE 1111833B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
sealing
vacuum
cup
solidified
carrying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEP15980A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dipl-Ing Adolf Schuenemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dipl-Ing Adolf Schuenemann
Original Assignee
Dipl-Ing Adolf Schuenemann
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dipl-Ing Adolf Schuenemann filed Critical Dipl-Ing Adolf Schuenemann
Priority to DEP15980A priority Critical patent/DE1111833B/en
Publication of DE1111833B publication Critical patent/DE1111833B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10Handling in a vacuum
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/04Refining by applying a vacuum
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/04Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Thermally Insulated Containers For Foods (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Description

Vorrichtung zum Durchführen von Verfahren im Vakuum Beim Arbeiten im Vakuum wird in vielen Fällen die Wirtschaftlichkeit physikalischer und chemischer Vorgänge wesentlich verbessert. So ist es schon seit langem bekannt, im - Vakuum Stoffgemische zu trennen sowie Metalle herzustellen und zu veredeln.Device for performing processes in a vacuum while working In many cases, the economy becomes more physical and chemical in a vacuum Processes significantly improved. So it has been known for a long time, in - vacuum Separate mixtures of substances and manufacture and refine metals.

Nun führt aber beim Arbeiten mit höheren Temperaturen und größeren Stoffmengen die übliche Abdichtung des Feinvakuums zwischen Arbeitsgefäß und Verschlußglocke durch Flansche mit Dichtungen zu erheblichen Schwierigkeiten.But now leads when working with higher temperatures and larger ones Amounts of substance the usual sealing of the fine vacuum between the working vessel and the sealing bell due to flanges with seals to considerable difficulties.

Auch die bekannte Abdichtung durch Flüssigkeiten, wie Öl und Quecksilber, ist für das Arbeiten im Feinvakuum völlig ungeeignet. Die ebenfalls bekannte barometrische Abdichtung des Feinvakuums durch den zu verarbeitenden Stoff ist an eine ganz bestimmte Tiefe des Arbeitsgefäßes gebunden und von den Eigenschaften dieses Stoffes weitgehend abhängig.The well-known sealing by liquids such as oil and mercury, is completely unsuitable for working in a fine vacuum. The well-known barometric Sealing of the fine vacuum by the material to be processed is very specific Depth of the working vessel and largely dependent on the properties of this substance addicted.

Die Abdichtung mit Mitteln, die nach dem Einsetzen der Abdichthaube zum Erstarren gebracht werden, erzielt keine vollkommene Abdichtung. Um nun diese Nachteile zu beheben, wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, die Vakuumabdichtung des Arbeitsraumes in der Weise zu bewirken, daß ein Abdichtmittel von niedrigem Schmelzpunkt und niedrigem Dampfdruck vor der Herstellung des Vakuums an der Oberfläche der Abdichttasse zum Erstarren gebracht und nur im Unterteil der Tasse flüssig gehalten wird.The sealing with means after the insertion of the sealing cap solidified does not achieve a perfect seal. To now this To remedy disadvantages, the invention proposes the vacuum sealing of the Working space in such a way that a sealant of low melting point and low vapor pressure prior to creating the vacuum on the surface of the sealing cup solidified and kept liquid only in the lower part of the cup.

Eine derartige Abdichtung ist viel unempfindlicher als eine Abdichtung mit Flanschen und trotzdem vakuumdichter.Such a seal is much less sensitive than a seal with flanges and still more vacuum-tight.

Gegenüber der barometrischen Abdichtung lediglich mit Flüssigkeiten weist sie den Vorteil einer erheblich geringeren Höhe auf. Bei Verwendung eines wie vorstehend gekennzeichneten Abdichtmittels hat die erstarrte Oberfläche im Vakuum praktisch keinen Dampfdruck. Auf diese Weise können daher Verfahren im Vakuum bei sehr hohen Temperaturen mit beliebig großen Stoffmengen durchgeführt werden.Compared to the barometric seal, only with liquids it has the advantage of a considerably lower height. When using a as indicated above sealing agent has the solidified surface in a vacuum practically no vapor pressure. In this way, processes can therefore be carried out in a vacuum very high temperatures can be carried out with any large amount of substance.

Bei der Abdichtung von Verschlußglocke und Arbeitsgefäß durch eine Tauchtasse, in der das Abdichtmittel völlig zum Erstarren gebracht wird, bilden sich auch bei Verwendung eines Abdichtmittels, das sich beim Erstarren ausdehnt, während des Arbeitsprozesses laufend geringe Undichtigkeiten.When sealing the locking bell and the working vessel by a Form immersion cup in which the sealant is completely solidified even when using a sealant that expands when it solidifies, minor leaks continuously during the work process.

Bei Verwendung der vorgeschlagenen Abdichtung soll die feste Phase des Abdichtmittels nur den Druck der Atmosphäre aufnehmen, während die flüssige Phase die eigentliche Abdichtung übernimmt.When using the proposed seal, the solid phase of the sealant only absorb the pressure of the atmosphere, while the liquid Phase takes over the actual sealing.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Schema und Längsschnitt dargestellt. Oberhalb einer Feuerung C befindet sich das Arbeitsgefäß a, das von einer angeschweißten rinnenförmigen Abdichttasse b umgeben ist, in die das Abdichtmittel d eingebracht wird. Oberhalb des Arbeitsgefäßes a ist eine in das Abdichtmittel d eintauchende Vakuumglocke e angeordnet, deren Absaugestutzen f zu der nicht gezeigten Vakuumpumpe führt.In the drawing, an embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in schematic and longitudinal section. Above a furnace C is the working vessel a, which is surrounded by a welded-on, channel-shaped sealing cup b into which the sealing agent d is introduced. Above the working vessel a there is arranged a vacuum bell e which is immersed in the sealing means d and the suction nozzle f of which leads to the vacuum pump (not shown).

Die Glocke e wird so auf das Arbeitsgefäß a gesetzt, daß die Seitenteile in das Abdichtmittel d eintauchen.The bell e is placed on the working vessel a that the side parts immerse in the sealant d.

Um einen vakuumdichten Verschluß zu erzielen, bringt eine Kühlvorrichtung das in die Tasse b eingebrachte Abdichtmittel d an seiner Oberfläche zum Erstarren, während es im unteren Teil der Tasse durch eine Heizung flüssig gehalten wird.To achieve a vacuum-tight seal, bring a cooling device the sealing agent d introduced into the cup b to solidify on its surface, while it is kept liquid in the lower part of the cup by a heater.

Nach dem Anlegen des Vakuums hält dann das erstarrte Abdichtmittel den Druck der Atmosphäre, während das noch in der Abdichttasse befindliche flüssige Abdichtmittel jede Undichtheit des erstarrten Metalls nachdichtet.After the vacuum is applied, the solidified sealant then holds the pressure of the atmosphere, while the liquid still in the sealing cup Sealing agent reseals any leakage in the solidified metal.

Soll die Glocke e wieder entfernt werden, so wird die Kühlung g abgestellt und der Inhalt der Tasse nach Abschalten des Vakuums durch die Heizung aufgeschmolzen.If the bell e is to be removed again, the cooling g is switched off and the contents of the cup are melted by the heater after switching off the vacuum.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Vorrichtung zum Abdichten eines Behälters gegen die Außenatmosphäre mittels Tauchtasse und in diese eintauchender Glocke sowie einer Kühlvorrichtung, mittels der die Dichtungsflüssigkeit zur Erstarrung gebracht werden kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Verwendung dieser Abdichtvorrichtung für Hochvakuumverfahren, z. B. zur Behandlung von Metallschmelzen, die Kühlvorrichtung im oberen Teil der Abdichtmasse angeordnet ist und der untere Teil der Abdichttasse heizbar ausgebildet ist. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 374143, 924 722; französische Patentschrift Nr. 384 539; französische Zusatzpatentschrift Nr. 11947 (Zusatz zur Patentschrift Nr. 384 539).PATENT CLAIM: Device for sealing a container against the Outside atmosphere by means of an immersion cup and a bell immersed in it, as well as a Cooling device by means of which the sealing liquid is solidified can, characterized in that when using this sealing device for high vacuum processes, e.g. B. for the treatment of molten metal, the cooling device is arranged in the upper part of the sealing compound and the lower part of the sealing cup is designed to be heatable. Publications considered: German Patent Specifications No. 374143, 924 722; French Patent No. 384 539; French additional patent specification No. 11947 (addition to patent specification No. 384 539).
DEP15980A 1956-03-31 1956-03-31 Device for carrying out processes in a vacuum Pending DE1111833B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP15980A DE1111833B (en) 1956-03-31 1956-03-31 Device for carrying out processes in a vacuum

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP15980A DE1111833B (en) 1956-03-31 1956-03-31 Device for carrying out processes in a vacuum

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1111833B true DE1111833B (en) 1961-07-27

Family

ID=7365834

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEP15980A Pending DE1111833B (en) 1956-03-31 1956-03-31 Device for carrying out processes in a vacuum

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1111833B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1204415B (en) * 1962-03-30 1965-11-04 Temescal Metallurg Corp High vacuum furnace for the production of very pure metals
WO2004078385A1 (en) * 2003-03-07 2004-09-16 Alcan International Limited Apparatus for treating molten metal having a sealed treatment zone

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR384539A (en) * 1900-01-01
FR11947E (en) * 1907-11-30 1910-06-04 Metallurg Ges A G Cessionnaire Improvements made to devices for grilling and agglomerating ores
DE374143C (en) * 1921-07-30 1923-04-20 Actiengesellschaft Charlottenh Process for rendering harmless the gases formed when roasting Spateisenstein
DE924722C (en) * 1953-07-11 1955-03-07 Pintsch Bamag Ag Device for sealing apparatus parts against the atmosphere by means of immersion cups

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR384539A (en) * 1900-01-01
FR11947E (en) * 1907-11-30 1910-06-04 Metallurg Ges A G Cessionnaire Improvements made to devices for grilling and agglomerating ores
DE374143C (en) * 1921-07-30 1923-04-20 Actiengesellschaft Charlottenh Process for rendering harmless the gases formed when roasting Spateisenstein
DE924722C (en) * 1953-07-11 1955-03-07 Pintsch Bamag Ag Device for sealing apparatus parts against the atmosphere by means of immersion cups

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1204415B (en) * 1962-03-30 1965-11-04 Temescal Metallurg Corp High vacuum furnace for the production of very pure metals
US6830723B2 (en) 2001-10-01 2004-12-14 Alcan International Limited Apparatus for treating molten metal having a sealed treatment zone
WO2004078385A1 (en) * 2003-03-07 2004-09-16 Alcan International Limited Apparatus for treating molten metal having a sealed treatment zone

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