DE1196485B - Process for the production of salt licks to meet the mineral salt requirements of cattle and game - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. α .:

A23k

German class: 53 g -4/04

Number: 1196485

File number: N18321IV a / 53 g

Filing date: May 12, 1960

Opening day: July 8, 1965

Salt licks to meet the mineral salt requirements of cattle and game are used made of sodium chloride as an essential component, for which the most diverse processes are known are.

In one case, for example, table salt is simply pressed into a mold at such high pressure that it flows or caked to form a hard agglomerate. For this, however, there are relatively high pressures the disadvantage of a correspondingly high effort required. There is also a risk of damage on the compacts due to the formation of cracks and on the pressing devices.

In another case, a starting mixture of table salt with the addition of calcium hydroxide is used and calcium sulfate pressed as a binder. As much water is added as for Hydration of the sulfate is required. Such a mixture binds in a relatively short time Time, however, these additives do not achieve a sufficiently high stone strength. This is stirring once from the fact that part of the added water of hydration from calcium hydroxide or from the very large excess of salt is caught, which means that it is partially lost to the setting process, on the other hand, because of the short setting time of the plaster of paris, clumping occurs. in the the rest of this salt mixture is unsuitable for pressing salt licks, as the moving parts of the Press severely disturbed in its work flow by premature hardening of spilled mongrel and also the risk of the compacts sticking in the form in the event of unscheduled There are stoppages.

Finally, a process is known in which a dry, predominantly sodium chloride containing Salt mixture with the addition of calcium oxide and a sulfate containing water of crystallization, namely magnesium sulfate, is pressed. It is true that the formation of calcium sulphate makes it a relatively good one Bond achieved, but must be a proportionate to achieve sufficient stone strength high pressure can be applied.

In contrast, the invention now proposes to use aluminum sulfate · 18H ₂ O as the sulfate containing water of crystallization. Such a mixture of sodium chloride, lime and aluminum sulphate hardens with the formation of calcium sulphate and aluminum hydroxide, which latter plays an essential role in the hardening of this mixture. The aluminum hydroxide causes an independently setting effect and therefore leads to a process for the production of salt licks
to meet the mineral salt requirements of livestock
and game

Applicant:

North German saltworks G. m. B. H., Hanover

Named as inventor:

Dipl.-Chem. Alfred Lüning,

Dipl.-Chem. Rainer Wotschke, Schöningen -

stronger solidification of the salt mixture, so that only about half the pressure is required that has to be expended when pressing a stone with magnesium sulfate is the same To maintain strength.

The special importance of A1 ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ · 18 H ₂ O as a sulfate carrier is based on the ease with which the water of crystallization contained can be split off. It is possible in this simple manner, the CaSO ₄ formed hemihydrate water supply ₄ for binding to dihydrate CaSO to have to moisten without the primary salt mixture with water. This would affect the pressing process in the manner described. On the other hand, the high water of crystallization _{content makes it possible to avoid an excess of A1 2} (SO ₄ ) ₃ · 18 H ₂ O and thus also a laxative effect due to a high percentage of soluble sulfate.

Mixtures of 0.4 to 1.2% CaO, based on the total _{weight, and correspondingly 1.63 to 4.9% Al 2} (SOJ ₃ · 18H ₂ O) give very good results.

The licks produced according to the invention are in terms of their resistance to Weather conditions and mechanical stresses are clearly superior to those compacts that do not additional binders or only hardened using binders. The additional The stone is hardened according to the invention

by the formation of CaSO ₄ and Al (OH) ₃ from CaO and Al ₂ (SOJ ₃ · 18H ₂ O. The CaSO _{4 formed} binds secondarily under the action of the split off crystal water of the A1 ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ · 18 H ₂ O The small amount of binding agent added in relation to the total weight of the star in the process according to the invention, for example 1% CaSO ₄ · 2H ₂ O

509 599/116

based on the total weight of the stone, ensures a high percentage of sodium chloride. This results in the new process of adding further nutritionally and physiologically valuable substances,

The pressure applied here is 400 to 450 kg / cm ² , the pressing time 20 seconds. The stone is ejected from the press by means of an ejection pressure of 35 kg / cm ^{2 and then for 24 hours}

The order of magnitude of 1 to 5% is achieved without an excess of free sulfate. The mixed components are used in solid, finely ground form.

example 1
Be in a rotating mixing apparatus

z. B. phosphates, more space. It naturally also allows the addition of trace elements in order to achieve the setting process. temperature stored. The grain size of the used In the drawing is a diagrammatic salt lick mixed material is kept evenly and displayed stone, which has proven itself in the grain boundaries 0.4 to 0.6 mm according to the new process. It consists of a rectangular, relatively flat ΚοφβΓα, corresponding to the grain size of the cooking used, with a vertical io salt. The increased concentration center bore b compared to Example 1, whose edges parallel to this c tion of binders allow the pressing process to be rounded off. perform low pressures, which however

The main component of this salt lick consists in the lick stone produced in this way with traces of sodium chloride, and mixtures of elements and additives compared to a pure salt lick of calcium oxide and A1 ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ · 18 H ₂ O are added to this. 15 stone, which consists only of table salt on the one hand and the stoichiometric mixing ratio of the binder components on the other hand, the calcium oxide to the aluminum sulfate and the same hardness and resistance is achieved. Water of crystallization, based on the sulphate content, the technical progress of the description

chosen in such a way that in the implementation of the components presented and explained in the examples, in addition to the corresponding hydroxide, the 20 claimed method consists in that for the formation of CaSO ₄ -2 H ₂ O, preferably in the development of both mechanical Stress

as well as a compact that is resistant to atmospheric influences, compared to previously known Manufacturing process, significantly lower 25 pressing pressure must be used. This has In addition to the fact that smaller presses can be used, the absolute advantage that the Ejection pressure can be kept significantly lower, causing the formation of cracks on the compact

for the production of a salt lick mixture 500 kg 30 is excluded during the ejection. The sodium chloride cubic costume and with a middle, the claimed composition of the leren edge length of the crystals of 0.4 to 0.6 mm lick stone mixture is so adjusted that, conditionally, it is filled dry. In the same way, 2 kg calcium oxide and 8.2 kg are added to the salt through the chemical conversion reactions, mixer and the post-hardening during the subsequent storage crystalline aluminum sulfate-deca hydrate also takes place very slowly and therefore extremely gently. Attached by dry. After a mixing time of 5 Mi hardness measurements by means of a modified notch, the lick stone mixture obtained in this way is demonstrated by the impact method that a conveyor belt is fed to the pre-silo of the hydraulic press despite the addition of trace elements. The filling of the press via the peaceful hardening effect, caused by the pre-silo, takes place automatically in such a way that 40 mechanical pressing on the one hand and the chemical setting process on the other hand are guaranteed. be introduced. Using a pressure As can be proven by similar hardness tests also of 780 kg / cm ² in a 20-second period, the pressing process achieved is based on the lick stone formed, the hardness of which is then largely due to the chemical held compact Application of 45 aluminum hydroxide formation. The technical an ejection pressure of 50 kg / cm ² from the machine advance compared to previously known methods ejected and stored on pallets. The result is that the held lick stone attached to the binding remains for at least 24 hours, two of the substances in their effect from each other in a storage room kept at room temperature. independent binding agents are converted, during this time happens, proven by 50 being proven the binding functon the development of a special heat tone, the tions add up. In contrast to this, when converting the sub-previously known processes, the binding agents are already added to the mixture as punch calcium oxide and aluminum sulfate deca, and the hydrate to calcium sulfate dihydrate and aluminum is furthermore no additional binding effect hydroxide. After the heat tint subsided, scored 55.
the stone has the desired strength and stability

Preserved against atmospheric influences.

Claims (1)

Patent claims: Example 2 500 kg of salt are mixed with 6 kg of calcium oxide and 24.5 kg of aluminum hydroxide and 7.5 kg of a mixture from manganese sulfate, copper chloride and cobalt chloride introduced in equal parts. To a mixing time of 5 minutes, the lick stone mixture thus obtained is dem Pre-silo fed to the press and pressed from there in batches of 10 kg to form lick stones. 60 1. Process for the production of salt licks to cover the mineral salt requirement of cattle and game, in which a dry salt mixture containing predominantly sodium chloride with the addition of calcium oxide and one 65 sulfate containing water of crystallization is pressed, characterized in that the sulfate containing water of crystallization is aluminum sulfate
is used. 18H ₂ O 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the use of such a stoichiometric mixing ratio of calcium oxide to the aluminum sulfate and water of crystallization carrier, based on the sulfate content, which in the reaction of the components in addition to the corresponding hydroxide, the formation of CaSO ₄ · 2H ₂ O, preferably on the order of 1 to 5% without an excess of free sulfate. Documents considered: German Patent No. 803 816; German Auslegeschrift No. 1014 421; U.S. Patent No. 1204551. 1 sheet of drawings 509 599/116 6.65 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin