DE102005057894A1 - Stabilized polymerizable mixtures - Google Patents
Stabilized polymerizable mixtures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102005057894A1 DE102005057894A1 DE102005057894A DE102005057894A DE102005057894A1 DE 102005057894 A1 DE102005057894 A1 DE 102005057894A1 DE 102005057894 A DE102005057894 A DE 102005057894A DE 102005057894 A DE102005057894 A DE 102005057894A DE 102005057894 A1 DE102005057894 A1 DE 102005057894A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- hydrogen
- mixture according
- vinyl
- tert
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000003358 C2-C20 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000005129 aryl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- UZFMOKQJFYMBGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-TEMPO Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(O)CC(C)(C)N1[O] UZFMOKQJFYMBGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000005087 alkynylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 Vinyl lactams Chemical class 0.000 claims description 106
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- CSGAUKGQUCHWDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-ol Chemical group CC1(C)CC(O)CC(C)(C)N1O CSGAUKGQUCHWDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical class NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- VUZNLSBZRVZGIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinol Chemical group CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1O VUZNLSBZRVZGIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005090 alkenylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002390 heteroarenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCCC1=O JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- ZEITZXLFOYLZHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);ethyl hexanoate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CCCCCC(=O)OCC ZEITZXLFOYLZHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- OHANAHYVFPTLJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (carbamoylamino)methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCNC(N)=O OHANAHYVFPTLJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005208 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002443 hydroxylamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FSWDLYNGJBGFJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-di-2-butyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound CCC(C)NC1=CC=C(NC(C)CC)C=C1 FSWDLYNGJBGFJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004986 phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BNKAXGCRDYRABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical class OP(O)(=O)OC=C BNKAXGCRDYRABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluquinol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1O CNHDIAIOKMXOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 ICKWICRCANNIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1O NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
- BXJGUBZTZWCMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(O)=CC=C1O BXJGUBZTZWCMEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QHPQWRBYOIRBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WGVKWNUPNGFDFJ-DQCZWYHMSA-N beta-Tocopherol Natural products OC1=CC(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C WGVKWNUPNGFDFJ-DQCZWYHMSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- CBOQJANXLMLOSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl vanillin Chemical compound CCOC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O CBOQJANXLMLOSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- JVTZFYYHCGSXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1O JVTZFYYHCGSXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000003217 pyrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- KEQHJBNSCLWCAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymoquinone Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC(=O)C(C)=CC1=O KEQHJBNSCLWCAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-Butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JIGUICYYOYEXFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tert-butylbenzene-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1O JIGUICYYOYEXFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N (R)-alpha-Tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AUFZRCJENRSRLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=C(C)C(C)=C1O AUFZRCJENRSRLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQOMQLYQAXGHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,6-Trimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1C QQOMQLYQAXGHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXSCPERJHPWROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,5-trimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(O)C=C1C VXSCPERJHPWROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PETRWTHZSKVLRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(C)=CC=C1O PETRWTHZSKVLRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OPECBHGHSFBITB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-anilinonaphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 OPECBHGHSFBITB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRBJBYGJVIBWIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-isopropylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O CRBJBYGJVIBWIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SZXVPIADNSVGTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-(3-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCOCCCO SZXVPIADNSVGTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GMSNIKWWOQHZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-9H-xanthine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)N(C)C2=C1N=CN2 GMSNIKWWOQHZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PGSWEKYNAOWQDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylcatechol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O PGSWEKYNAOWQDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MBGGFXOXUIDRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butoxyphenol Chemical compound CCCCOC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 MBGGFXOXUIDRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LKVFCSWBKOVHAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Ethoxyphenol Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LKVFCSWBKOVHAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LHGMHYDJNXEEFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]iminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1N=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 LHGMHYDJNXEEFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YQUQWHNMBPIWGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-isopropylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YQUQWHNMBPIWGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JSTCPNFNKICNNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrosophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(N=O)C=C1 JSTCPNFNKICNNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSBDGXGICLIJGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenoxyphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZSBDGXGICLIJGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MEPYMUOZRROULQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(C)=C1O MEPYMUOZRROULQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNKLPZOJLXDZCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1O SNKLPZOJLXDZCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHKRHBLAJFYZKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1O WHKRHBLAJFYZKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALJHHTHBYJROOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC(=O)C=C2SC3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 ALJHHTHBYJROOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)NC2=C1NC=N2 LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYEHYMARPSSOBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aurin Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 FYEHYMARPSSOBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXIKRTCSSLJURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydroeugenol Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C1 PXIKRTCSSLJURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VLVVDHDKRHWUSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptan-4-ylidenehydroxylamine Chemical compound CCCC(=NO)CCC VLVVDHDKRHWUSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAQQTJZRCYNBRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentan-3-ylidenehydroxylamine Chemical compound CCC(CC)=NO NAQQTJZRCYNBRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NYEPSLKMENGNDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butyl-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NC(C)(C)C)C=C1 NYEPSLKMENGNDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLUQNDVJUIECAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butyl-n-hydroxy-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)N(O)C(C)(C)C)C=C1 RLUQNDVJUIECAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RPMXALUWKZHYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroethene Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)C=C RPMXALUWKZHYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODUCDPQEXGNKDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroxyl Chemical compound O=N ODUCDPQEXGNKDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005187 nonenyl group Chemical class C(=CCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005071 nonynyl group Chemical class C(#CCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002868 norbornyl group Chemical group C12(CCC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004365 octenyl group Chemical class C(=CCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005069 octynyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-aminodiphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004031 phenylhydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001844 prenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- ARJOQCYCJMAIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(=O)C=C ARJOQCYCJMAIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003212 purines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazol-3-one Chemical class O=C1C=CN=N1 JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ORIHZIZPTZTNCU-YVMONPNESA-N salicylaldoxime Chemical compound O\N=C/C1=CC=CC=C1O ORIHZIZPTZTNCU-YVMONPNESA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGQOCLATAPFASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(=O)C(O)=C(O)C1=O DGQOCLATAPFASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004559 theobromine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000278 theophylline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005490 tosylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJIOGJUNALELMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoeugenol Natural products COC1=CC(C=CC)=CC=C1O BJIOGJUNALELMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008648 triflates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940075420 xanthine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SXPUVBFQXJHYNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-furil Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CO1 SXPUVBFQXJHYNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007680 β-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011590 β-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- FGYKUFVNYVMTAM-WAZJVIJMSA-N β-tocotrienol Chemical compound OC1=CC(C)=C2O[C@@](CC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/CCC=C(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C FGYKUFVNYVMTAM-WAZJVIJMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3442—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3445—Five-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/42—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C51/50—Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
- C08F2/40—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation using retarding agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
- C08F2/42—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation using short-stopping agents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Mischung,
enthaltend
(A) wenigstens einen aromatischen Heterocyclus der
allgemeinen Formel, worin
W, X und Y unabhängig voneinander
Wasserstoff,
NR1R2, O-R3, P-R4, SR5, C1-C20-Alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20-Alkoxycarbonyl,
C2-C20-Alkenyl,
C2-C20-Alkenylcarbonyl,
C2-C20-Alkinyl,
C2-C20-Alkinycarbonyl,
C3-C15-Cycloalkyl,
C5-C15-Cycloalkylcaronyl,
Aryl, Arylcarbonyl, ein Heterocycklus, Aryl, ein Halogenatom oder
C1-C20-Alkyl, wobei
bei der C1-C20-Alkylgruppe
mehrere oder alle Wasserstoffatome durch Fluoratome ersetzt sein
können
oder eines oder mehrere der Wasserstoffatome durch SR5 ersetzt sein
können,
sein können
und
worin R1 und R2 die
unten genannte Bedeutung haben und R3 bis
R5 ebenfalls Wasserstoff, C1-C20-Alkyl, C1-C20-Alkylcarbonyl, C2-C20-Alkinyl, C2-C20-Alkinylcarbonyl, C3-C15-Cycloalkyl, C5-C15-Cycloalkylcarbonyl, Aryl, Arylcarbonyl,
ein Heterocyclus oder ein Halogenatom sein können,
Z Wasserstoff, C1-C20-Alkyl, C3-C15-Cycloalkyl,
Aryl oder ein Heterocyclus sein kann und
R1 und
R2 können
unabhängig
voneinander Wasserstoff, NR4R5,
O-R3, P-R4, SR5, C1-C20-Alkyl,
C1-C20-Alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20-Alkoxycarbonyl,
C2-C20-Alkenyl,
C2-C20-Alkenylcarbonyl,
C2-C20-Alkinyl,
C2-C20-Alkinylcarbonyl,
C3-C15-Cycloalkyl,
C5-C15-Cycloalkylcarbonyl,
Aryl, Arylcarbonyl, ein Heterocyclus oder ein Halogenatom sein kann
...Mixture containing
(A) at least one aromatic heterocycle of the general formula wherein
W, X and Y are independent
Hydrogen, NR 1 R 2 , OR 3 , PR 4 , SR 5 , C 1 -C 20 -alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, C 2 -C 20 alkenycarbonyl, C 3 -C 15 cycloalkyl, C 5 -C 15 cycloalkylcaronyl, aryl, arylcarbonyl, a heterocycle, aryl, a halogen atom or C 1 -C 20 alkyl, wherein in the case of the C 1 -C 20 -alkyl group, several or all of the hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine atoms or one or more of the hydrogen atoms may be replaced by SR 5 may be
and wherein R 1 and R 2 are as defined below and R 3 to R 5 are also hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 1 -C 20 alkylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, C 2 -C 20 Alkynylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 15 -cycloalkyl, C 5 -C 15 -cycloalkylcarbonyl, aryl, arylcarbonyl, a heterocycle or a halogen atom,
Z can be hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 3 -C 15 cycloalkyl, aryl or a heterocycle and
R 1 and R 2 may independently of one another be hydrogen, NR 4 R 5 , OR 3 , PR 4 , SR 5 , C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkynyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkynylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 15 -cycloalkyl, C 5 -C 15 -cycloalkylcarbonyl, aryl, arylcarbonyl, may be a heterocycle or a halogen atom ...
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung beschreibt neue Mischungen aus polymerisationsfähigen Verbindungen und Stabilisatoren, die gegen Polymerisation geschützt sind. Sie betrifft ferner Polymere, die aus diesen Mischungen hergestellt wurden.The The present invention describes novel mixtures of polymerizable compounds and Stabilizers that are protected against polymerization. It also concerns Polymers made from these blends.
Unter polymerisationsfähigen Verbindungen im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung werden solche Verbindungen verstanden, die eine oder mehrere ethylenisch ungesättigte Gruppen aufweisen.Under polymerizable Compounds in the context of the present invention are those compounds understood that one or more ethylenically unsaturated groups exhibit.
Chemische Verbindungen, die eine oder mehrere ethylenisch ungesättigte Gruppen aufweisen, haben eine ausgeprägte Neigung zu radikalischer Polymerisation. Solche Verbindungen werden als Monomere zur gezielten Herstellung von Polymerisaten, z. B. durch radikalische Polymerisation, verwendet. Gleichzeitig ist die ausgeprägte Neigung zur radikalischen Polymerisation aber insofern von Nachteil, als es sowohl bei der Lagerung als auch bei der chemischen und/oder physikalischen Bearbeitung, z. B. durch Destillation oder Rektifikation, der ethylenisch ungesättigten Verbindungen, insbesondere unter der Einwirkung von Energie, z. B. Wärme und/oder Licht, zur unerwünschten, spontanen radikalischen Polymerisation kommen kann. Derartige unkontrollierte Polymerisationen können zur allmählichen Bildung von Polymerisatbelägen z. B. auf erwärmten Oberflächen führen oder sogar explosionsartig verlaufen.Dry Compounds containing one or more ethylenically unsaturated groups have a pronounced Tendency to radical polymerization. Such connections will be as monomers for the controlled production of polymers, eg. B. by radical polymerization. At the same time is the pronounced Tendency to radical polymerization but so far disadvantageous as both storage and chemical and / or physical processing, z. By distillation or rectification, the ethylenically unsaturated Compounds, in particular under the action of energy, for. B. heat and / or light, to the unwanted, spontaneous radical polymerization can occur. Such uncontrolled Polymerizations can to gradual Formation of polymer coverings z. B. lead to heated surfaces or even explosive.
Es ist daher üblich, ethylenisch ungesättigten Verbindungen beziehungsweise Gemischen, die solche Verbindungen enthalten, sowohl bei der Lagerung als auch bei der chemischen und/oder physikalischen Bearbeitung Substanzen zuzusetzen, die eine spontane Polymerisation unterbinden beziehungsweise verlangsamen. Sie werden im Allgemeinen als Inhibitoren beziehungsweise Retarder bezeichnet und unter dem Oberbegriff "Stabilisatoren" zusammengefasst.It is therefore common ethylenically unsaturated Compounds or mixtures containing such compounds contained, both in storage and in the chemical and / or physical processing to add substances that are spontaneous Prevent or slow down the polymerization. you will be generally referred to as inhibitors or retarders and summarized under the generic term "stabilizers".
Bekannt sind eine Vielzahl von Stabilisatoren für polymerisationsfähige Verbindungen, insbesondere für Acrylsäure und Methacrylsäure, im folgenden (Meth)acrylsäure genannt, sowie deren Ester, im folgenden (Meth)acrylsäureester genannt.Known are a variety of stabilizers for polymerizable compounds, especially for acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, in the following (meth) acrylic acid called, and their esters, hereinafter (meth) acrylic acid ester called.
Aus der EP-A-1110999 sind Pyrazolone beschrieben, die in Kombination mit anderen Stabilisatoren zur Stabilisierung von Polymeren eingesetzt werden.Out EP-A-1110999 describes pyrazolones which are used in combination used with other stabilizers for the stabilization of polymers become.
In der nicht-vorveröffentlichen Patentanmeldung DE-102005023607 sind aromatische 6-Ring-Heterocyclen beschrieben, die zur Stabilisierung von polymerisationsfähige Verbindungen und Polymeren eingesetzt werden.In the non-pre-published Patent application DE-102005023607 are aromatic 6-membered heterocycles described for the stabilization of polymerizable compounds and polymers are used.
Die vorbeschriebenen Stabilisatoren sind in der Lage, polymerisationsfähige Verbindungen zuverlässig vor ungewollter Polymerisation zu schützen. Nachteilig an ihnen ist jedoch, dass Polymere hergestellt aus polymerisationsfähige Verbindungen, denen diese Stabilisatoren zugesetzt wurden, eine deutlich erkennbare Färbung aufweisen. Diese entsteht vermutlich dadurch, dass der Stabilisator bei der Polymerisation zerstört wird und die dabei gebildeten Abbauprodukte eine starke Eigenfarbe aufweisen. Beim Einsatz dieser Stabilisatoren steht man also vor der Wahl, die Eigenfärbung der entsprechenden Polymere in Kauf zu nehmen oder unmittelbar vor der gewünschten Polymerisation der polymerisationsfähige Verbindungen die Stabilisatoren daraus zu entfernen.The The above-described stabilizers are capable of polymerizable compounds reliable to protect against unwanted polymerization. The disadvantage of them is however, that polymers prepared from polymerizable compounds, to which these stabilizers have been added have a clearly discernible color. This probably arises from the fact that the stabilizer in the Polymerization is destroyed and the degradation products formed have a strong intrinsic color. When using these stabilizers you have the choice the self-coloring the corresponding polymers in purchasing or imminent the desired Polymerization of the polymerizable compounds, the stabilizers thereof to remove.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war daher, gegen ungewünschte Polymerisation geschützte polymerisationsfähige Verbindungen bereitzustellen, bei denen das aus Ihnen durch gewünschte Polymerisation hergestellte Polymer eine deutlich geringere Eigenfärbung aufweist als bei Verwendung bekannter Stabilisatoren, ohne dass die vorherige Entfernung des Stabilisators erforderlich wäre.task The present invention was therefore, against unwanted polymerization protected polymerizable Provide compounds in which the produced by you by desired polymerization Polymer has a significantly lower intrinsic color than in use known stabilizers without the prior removal of the Stabilizer would be required.
Demgemäß wurde eine Mischung gefunden, die enthält:
- (A) wenigstens einen aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel worin W, X und Y unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, NR1R2, O-R3, P-R4, SR5, C1-C20-Alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20-Alkoxycarbonyl, C2-C20-Alkenyl, C2-C20-Alkenylcarbonyl, C2-C20-Alkinyl, C2-C20-Alkinylcarbonyl, C3-C15-Cycloalkyl, C5-C15-Cycloalkylcarbonyl, Aryl, Arylcarbonyl, ein Heterocyclus, Aryl, ein Halogenatom, oder C1-C20-Alkyl, wobei bei der C1-C20-Alkylgruppe mehrere oder alle Wasserstoffatome durch Fluoratome ersetzt sein können oder eines oder mehrere der Wasserstoffatome durch SR5 ersetzt sein können, sein können, und worin R1 und R2 die unten genannte Bedeutung haben, und R3 bis R5 ebenfalls Wasserstoff, C1-C20-Alkyl, C1-C20-Alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20-Alkoxycarbonyl, C2-C20-Alkenyl, C2-C20-Alkenylcarbonyl, C2-C20-Alkinyl, C2-C20-Alkinylcarbonyl, C3-C15-Cycloalkyl, C5-C15-Cycloalkylcarbonyl, Aryl, Arylcarbonyl, ein Heterocyclus oder ein Halogenatom sein können, Z Wasserstoff, C1-C20-Alkyl, C3-C15-Cycloalkyl, Aryl oder ein Heterocyclus sein kann, und R1 und R2 können unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff, NR4R5, O-R3, P-R4, SR5, C1-C20-Alkyl, C1-C20-Alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20-Alkoxycarbonyl, C2-C20-Alkenyl, C2-C20-Alkenylcarbonyl, C2-C20-Alkinyl, C2-C20-Alkinylcarbonyl, C3-C15-Cycloalkyl, C5-C15-Cycloalkylcarbonyl, Aryl, Arylcarbonyl, ein Heterocyclus oder ein Halogenatom sein, und worin R3 bis R5 ebenfalls Wasserstoff, C1-C20-Alkyl, C1-C20-Alkylcarbonyl, C1-C20-Alkoxycarbonyl, C2-C20-Alkenyl, C2-C20-Alkenylcarbonyl, C2-C20-Alkinyl, C2-C20-Alkinylcarbonyl, C3-C15-Cycloalkyl, C5-C15-Cycloalkylcarbonyl, Aryl, Arylcarbonyl, ein Heterocyclus oder ein Halogenatom sein können, und
- (B) wenigstens eine polymerisationsfähige Verbindung.
- (A) at least one aromatic heterocycle of the general formula wherein W, X and Y independently of one another are hydrogen, NR 1 R 2 , OR 3 , PR 4 , SR 5 , C 1 -C 20 -alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenyl, C 2 - C 20 alkenylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 15 cycloalkyl, C 5 -C 15 cycloalkylcarbonyl, aryl, arylcarbonyl, a heterocycle, aryl, a halogen atom, or C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, wherein in the C 1 -C 20 alkyl group, several or all hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine atoms or one or more of the hydrogen atoms may be replaced by SR 5 may be, and wherein R 1 and R 2 R 3 to R 5 are also hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenyl, C 2 - C 20 alkenylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 15 cycloalkyl, C 5 -C 15 cycloalkylcarbonyl, aryl, arylcarbonyl, a heterocycle or a halogen atom, Z Hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 3 -C 1 5 can be cycloalkyl, aryl or a heterocycle, and R 1 and R 2 can independently of one another be hydrogen, NR 4 R 5 , OR 3 , PR 4 , SR 5 , C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 1 -C 20 - Alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkynyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkynylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 15 -cycloalkyl, C 5 -C 15 -cycloalkylcarbonyl, aryl, arylcarbonyl, a heterocycle or a halogen atom, and wherein R 3 to R 5 are also hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkylcarbonyl, C 1 -C 20 Alkoxycarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 alkenyl, C 2 -C 20 alkenylcarbonyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynyl, C 2 -C 20 alkynylcarbonyl, C 3 -C 15 cycloalkyl, C 5 -C 15 cycloalkylcarbonyl , Aryl, arylcarbonyl, a heterocycle or a halogen atom, and
- (B) at least one polymerizable compound.
Bevorzugt sind in Formel (I) W, X und Y Wasserstoff, NR1R2, O-R3, C1-C20-Alkyl, C2-C20-Alkenyl oder ein Halogenatom, mit der Maßgabe, dass im Falle von NR1R2 R1 und R2 gleich sind und Wasserstoff oder C1-C20-Alkyl sind, und im Falle von O-R3 R3 Wasserstoff oder C1-C20-Alkyl.In formula (I), preference is given to W, X and Y being hydrogen, NR 1 R 2 , OR 3 , C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 2 -C 20 -alkenyl or a halogen atom, with the proviso that in the case of NR 1 R 2 R 1 and R 2 are the same and are hydrogen or C 1 -C 20 alkyl, and in the case of OR 3 R 3 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 20 alkyl.
Bevorzugt ist in Formel (I) Z Wasserstoff, O-R3, C1-C20-Alkyl, C1-C20-Alkylcarbonyl oder C1-C20-Alkoxycarbonyl, mit der Maßgabe, dass im Falle von O-R3 R3 Wasserstoff oder C1-C20-Alkyl.In formula (I), Z is preferably hydrogen, OR 3 , C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkylcarbonyl or C 1 -C 20 -alkoxycarbonyl, with the proviso that in the case of OR 3 R 3 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 20 -alkyl.
Bevorzugt sind in Formel (I) R1 und R2 gleich und bedeuten Wasserstoff, C1-C20-Alkyl, C1-C20-Alkylcarbonyl oder C1-C20-Alkoxycarbonyl, besonders bevorzugt Wasserstoff, C1-C10-Alkyl, C1-C10-Alkylcarbonyl oder C1-C10-Alkoxycarbonyl, ganz besonders bevorzugt Wasserstoff, C1-C6-Alkyl, C1-C6-Alkylcarbonyl oder C1-C6-Alkoxycarbonyl.In formula (I), R 1 and R 2 are preferably identical and are hydrogen, C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, C 1 -C 20 -alkylcarbonyl or C 1 -C 20 -alkoxycarbonyl, particularly preferably hydrogen, C 1 -C 10 Alkyl, C 1 -C 10 -alkylcarbonyl or C 1 -C 10 -alkoxycarbonyl, very particularly preferably hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -alkylcarbonyl or C 1 -C 6 -alkoxycarbonyl.
Die Reste R3, R4 und R5 sind in Formel (I) bevorzugt Wasserstoff oder C1-C20-Alkyl, besonders bevorzugt Wasserstoff oder C1-C10-Alkyl und ganz besonders bevorzugt Wasserstoff oder C1-C6-Alkyl.The radicals R 3 , R 4 and R 5 in formula (I) are preferably hydrogen or C 1 -C 20 -alkyl, particularly preferably hydrogen or C 1 -C 10 -alkyl and very particularly preferably hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 - alkyl.
Im
einzelnen haben die für
die verschiedenen Reste R angegebenen Sammelbegriffe folgende Bedeutung:
C1-C20-Alkyl: geradkettige
oder verzweigte Kohlenwasserstoffreste mit bis zu 20 Kohlenstoffatomen,
bevorzugt C1-C10-Alkyl
wie Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl, Isopropyl, n-Butyl, sec-Butyl, tert.-Butyl,
1,1-Dimethylethyl, Pentyl, 2-Methylbutyl, 1,1-Dimethylpropyl, 1,2-Dimethylpropyl,
2,2-Dimethylpropyl, 1-Ethylpropyl, Hexyl, 2-Methylpentyl, 3-Methylpentyl,
1,1-Dimethylbutyl, 1,2-Dimethylbutyl, 1,3-Dimethylbutyl, 2,2-Dimethylbutyl, 2,3-Dimethylbutyl, 3,3-Dimethylbutyl,
2-Ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-Trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-Trimethylpropyl, 1-Ethyl-1-methylpropyl, 1-Ethyl-2-methylpropyl,
Heptyl, Octyl, 2-Ethylhexyl, 2,4,4-Trimethylpentyl, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl,
Nonyl und Decyl sowie deren Isomere.In detail, the collective terms given for the various radicals R have the following meaning:
C 1 -C 20 -alkyl: straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having up to 20 carbon atoms, preferably C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, 1, 1-dimethylethyl, pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1, 2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1 Ethyl 1-methylpropyl, 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl, heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 2,4,4-trimethylpentyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, nonyl and decyl and their isomers.
C1-C20-Alkylcarbonyl: eine geradkettige oder verzweigte Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen (wie vorstehend genannt), welche über eine Carbonylgruppe (-CO-) an gebunden ist, bevorzugt C1-C10-Alkylcarbonyl wie beispielsweise Formyl, Acetyl, n- oder iso-Propionyl, n-, iso-, sec- oder tert.-Butanoyl, n-iso-, sec- oder tert.-Pentanoyl, n- oder iso-Nonanoyl, n-Dodecanoyl.C 1 -C 20 -alkylcarbonyl: a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (as mentioned above) which is bonded via a carbonyl group (-CO-), preferably C 1 -C 10 -alkylcarbonyl such as formyl, acetyl , n- or iso-propionyl, n-, iso-, sec- or tert-butanoyl, n-iso-, sec- or tert-pentanoyl, n- or iso-nonanoyl, n-dodecanoyl.
C2-C20-Alkenyl: ungesättigte, geradkettige oder verzweigte Kohlenwasserstoffreste mit 2 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen und einer Doppelbindung in einer beliebigen Position, bevorzugt C2-C10-Alkenyl wie Ethenyl, 1-Propenyl, 2-Propenyl, 1-Methylethenyl, 1-Butenyl, 2-Butenyl, 3-Butenyl, 1-Methyl-1-propenyl, 2-Methyl-1-propenyl, 1-Methyl-2-propenyl, 2-Methyl-2-propenyl, 1-Pentenyl, 2-Pentenyl, 3-Pentenyl, 4-Pentenyl, 1-Methyl-1-butenyl, 2-Methyl-1-butenyl, 3-Methyl-1-butenyl, 1-Methyl-2-butenyl, 2-Methyl-2-butenyl, 3-Methyl-2-butenyl, 1-Methyl-3-butenyl, 2-Methyl-3-butenyl, 3-Methyl-3-butenyl, 1,1-Dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,2-Dimethyl-1-propenyl, 1,2-Dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-Ethyl-1-propenyl, 1-Ethyl-2-propenyl, 1-Hexenyl, 2-Hexenyl, 3-Hexenyl, 4-Hexenyl, 5-Hexenyl, 1-Methyl-1-pentenyl, 2-Methyl-1-pentenyl, 3-Methyl-1-pentenyl, 4-Methyl-1-pentenyl, 1-Methyl-2-pentenyl, 2-Methyl-2-pentenyl, 3-Methyl-2-pentenyl, 4-Methyl-2-pentenyl, 1-Methyl-3-pentenyl, 2-Methyl-3-pentenyl, 3-Methyl-3-pentenyl, 4-Methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-Methyl-4-pentenyl, 2-Methyl-4-pentenyl, 3-Methyl-4-pentenyl, 4-Methyl-4-pentenyl, 1,1-Dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,1-Dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,2-Dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,2-Dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,2-Dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,3-Dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,3-Dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,3-Dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,2-Dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,3-Dimethyl-1-butenyl, 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-Dimethyl-3-butenyl, 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butenyl, 3,3-Dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1-Ethyl-1-butenyl, 1-Ethyl-2-butenyl, 1-Ethyl-3-butenyl, 2-Ethyl-1-butenyl, 2-Ethyl-2-butenyl, 2-Ethyl-3-butenyl, 1,1,2-Trimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-Ethyl-1-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-Ethyl-2-methyl-1-propenyl und 1-Ethyl-2-methyl-2-propenyl, sowie die Isomere von Heptenyl, Octenyl, Nonenyl und Decenyl.C 2 -C 20 -alkenyl: unsaturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and one double bond in any position, preferably C 2 -C 10 -alkenyl, such as ethenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-methylethenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-methyl-1-propenyl, 2-methyl-1-propenyl, 1-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2- Pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-methyl-1-butenyl, 2-methyl-1-butenyl, 3-methyl-1-butenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-methyl-3-butenyl, 2-methyl-3-butenyl, 3-methyl-3-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1 propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-propenyl, 1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl, 1- Methyl 1-pentenyl, 2-methyl-1-pentenyl, 3-methyl-1-pentenyl, 4-methyl-1-pentenyl, 1-methyl-2-pentenyl, 2-methyl-2-pentenyl, 3-methyl 2-pentenyl, 4-methyl-2-pentenyl, 1-methyl-3-pentenyl, 2-methyl-3-pentenyl, 3-methyl-3-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-methyl-4-pentenyl, 2-Me ethyl-4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-4-pentenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-1 butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-3- butenyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1 butenyl, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-1-butenyl, 1-ethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-3-butenyl, 2-ethyl-1-butenyl, 2-ethyl-2- 1-ethyl-2-methyl-1-propenyl 2-methyl-2-propenyl, as well as the isomers of heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl and decenyl.
C2-C20-Alkenylcarbonyl: ungesättigte, geradkettige oder verzweigte Kohlenwasserstoffreste mit 2 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen und einer Doppelbindung in einer beliebigen Position (wie vorstehend genannt), welche über eine Carbonylgruppe (-CO-) an gebunden sind, bevorzugt C2-C10-Alkylcarbonyl wie beispielsweise Ethenoyl, Propenoyl, Butenoyl, Pentenoyl, Nonenoyl sowie deren Isomere.C 2 -C 20 alkenylcarbonyl: unsaturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and a double bond in any position (as mentioned above), which are bonded via a carbonyl group (-CO-), preferably C 2 -C 10 alkylcarbonyl such as ethenyl, propenoyl, butenoyl, pentenoyl, nonenoyl and isomers thereof.
C2-C20-Alkinyl: geradkettige oder verzweigte Kohlenwasserstoffgruppen mit 2 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen und einer Dreifachbindung in einer beliebigen Position, bevorzugt C2-C10-Alkinyl wie Ethinyl 1-Propinyl, 2-Propinyl, 1-Butinyl, 2-Butinyl, 3-Butinyl, 1-Me thyl-2-propinyl, 1-Pentinyl, 2-Pentinyl, 3-Pentinyl, 4-Pentinyl, 1-Methyl-2-butinyl, 1-Methyl-3-butinyl, 2-Methyl-3-butinyl, 3-Methyl-1-butinyl, 1,1-Dimethyl-2-propinyl, 1-Ethyl-2-propinyl, 1-Hexinyl, 2-Hexinyl, 3-Hexinyl, 4-Hexinyl, 5-Hexinyl, 1-Methyl-2-pentinyl, 1-Methyl-3-pentinyl, 1-Methyl-4-pentinyl, 2-Methyl-3-pentinyl, 2-Methyl-4-pentinyl, 3-Methyl-1-pentinyl, 3-Methyl-4-pentinyl, 4-Methyl-1-pentinyl, 4-Methyl-2-pentinyl, 1,1-Dimethyl-2-butinyl, 1,1-Dimethyl-3-butinyl, 1,2-Dimethyl-3-butinyl, 2,2-Dimethyl-3-butinyl, 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butinyl, 1-Ethyl-2-butinyl, 1-Ethyl-3-butinyl, 2-Ethyl-3-butinyl und 1-Ethyl-1-methyl-2-propinyl sowie die Isomere von Heptinyl, Octinyl, Noninyl, Decinyl.C 2 -C 20 -alkynyl: straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and a triple bond in any position, preferably C 2 -C 10 -alkynyl, such as ethynyl 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl , 3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-propynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1-methyl-2-butynyl, 1-methyl-3-butynyl, 2-methyl- 3-butynyl, 3-methyl-1-butynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl, 1-ethyl-2-propynyl, 1-hexynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl, 5-hexynyl, 1-methyl-2-pentynyl, 1-methyl-3-pentynyl, 1-methyl-4-pentynyl, 2-methyl-3-pentynyl, 2-methyl-4-pentynyl, 3-methyl-1-pentynyl, 3 Methyl 4-pentynyl, 4-methyl-1-pentynyl, 4-methyl-2-pentynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3- butinyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butynyl, 1-ethyl-2-butynyl, 1-ethyl-3-butynyl, 2-ethyl-3-butynyl and 1-ethyl 1-methyl-2-propynyl and the isomers of heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl.
C2-C20-Alkinylcarbonyl ungesättigte, geradkettige oder verzweigte Kohlenwasserstoffreste mit 2 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen und einer Dreifachbindung in einer beliebigen Position (wie vorstehend genannt), welche über eine Carbonylgruppe (-CO-) an gebunden sind, bevorzugt C2-C10-Alkinylcarbonyl wie beispielsweise Propinoyl, Butinoyl, Pentinoyl, Noninoyl, Decinoyl sowie deren Isomere.C 2 -C 20 -alkynylcarbonyl unsaturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having 2 to 20 carbon atoms and a triple bond in any position (as mentioned above), which are bonded via a carbonyl group (-CO-), preferably C 2 -C 10 Alkynylcarbonyl such as propinoyl, butinoyl, pentinoyl, noninoyl, decinoyl and their isomers.
C3-C15-Cycloalkyl: monocyclische, gesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffgruppen mit 3 bis zu 15 Kohlenstoffringgliedern, bevorzugt C3-C8-Cycloalkyl wie Cyclopropyl, Cyclobutyl, Cyclopentyl, Cyclohexyl, Cycloheptyl und Cyclooctyl sowie ein gesättigtes oder ungesättigte cyclisches System wie z. B. Norbornyl oder Norbenyl.C 3 -C 15 cycloalkyl: monocyclic, saturated hydrocarbon groups having 3 to 15 carbon ring members, preferably C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl and a saturated or unsaturated cyclic system such as. B. norbornyl or norbenyl.
C3-C15-Cycloalkylcarbonyl: monocyclische, gesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffgruppen mit 3 bis 15 Kohlenstoffringgliedern (wie vorstehend genannt), welche über eine Carbonylgruppe (-CO-) an sind, bevorzugt C3-C8-Cycloalkylcarbonyl.C 3 -C 15 -cycloalkylcarbonyl: monocyclic, saturated hydrocarbon groups having 3 to 15 carbon ring members (as mentioned above) which are via a carbonyl group (-CO-), preferably C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkylcarbonyl.
Aryl: ein ein- bis dreikerniges aromatisches Ringsystem enthaltend 6 bis 14 Kohlenstoffringglieder, z. B. Phenyl, Naphthyl und Anthracenyl, bevorzugt ein ein- bis zweikerniges, besonders bevorzugt ein einkerniges aromatisches Ringsystem.aryl: a mono- to trinuclear aromatic ring system containing 6 to 14 carbon ring links, z. Phenyl, naphthyl and anthracenyl, preferably a mono- to binuclear, particularly preferably a mononuclear aromatic ring system.
Arylcarbonyl: bevorzugt ein ein- bis dreikerniges aromatisches Ringsystem (wie vorstehend genannt), welches über eine Carbonylgruppe (-CO-) an gebunden ist, wie z. B. Benzoyl, bevorzugt ein ein- bis zweikerniges, besonders bevorzugt ein einkerniges arormatisches Ringsystem.arylcarbonyl: preferably a mono- to trinuclear aromatic ring system (such as mentioned above), which about a carbonyl group (-CO-) is attached to such. As benzoyl, preferred a mono- to binuclear, more preferably a mononuclear arormatic Ring system.
Heterocyclen: fünf- bis zwölfgliedrige, bevorzugt fünf- bis neungliedrige, besonders bevorzugt fünf- bis sechsgliedrige Sauerstoff-, Stickstoff- und/oder Schwefelatome aufweisender gegebenenfalls mehrere Ringe aufweisendes Ringsystem wie beispielsweise Furyl, Thiophenyl, Pyrryl, Pyridyl, Indolyl, Benzoxazolyl, Dioxolyl, Dioxyl, Benzimidazolyl, Benzthiazolyl, Dimethylpyridyl, Methylchinolyl, Dimethylpyrryl, Methoxyfuryl, Dimethoxypyridyl, Difluorpyridyl, Methylthiophenyl, Isopropylthiophenyl oder tert.-Butylthiophenyl.Heterocycles: five to twelve-membered, preferably five to nine-membered, particularly preferably five to six-membered oxygen, Optionally having a plurality of nitrogen and / or sulfur atoms Rings having ring system such as furyl, thiophenyl, Pyrryl, pyridyl, indolyl, benzoxazolyl, dioxolyl, dioxo, benzimidazolyl, Benzothiazolyl, dimethylpyridyl, methylquinolyl, dimethylpyrryl, Methoxyfuryl, dimethoxypyridyl, difluoropyridyl, methylthiophenyl, Isopropylthiophenyl or tert-butylthiophenyl.
Die im einzelnen aufgeführten Substituenten können wie zuvor beschrieben jeweils an beliebiger Position durch ein oder mehrere Heteroatome unterbrochen sein, wobei die Anzahl dieser Heteroatome nicht mehr als 10, bevorzugt nicht mehr als 8, ganz besonders bevorzugt nicht mehr als 5 und insbesondere nicht mehr als 3 beträgt, und/oder jeweils an beliebiger Position, allerdings nicht mehr als fünfmal, bevorzugt nicht mehr als viermal und besonders bevorzugt nicht mehr als dreimal, durch Alkyl, Alkyloxy, Alkyloxycarbonyl, Aryl, Aryloxy, Aryloxycarbonyl, Hydroxycarbonyl, Aminocarbonyl, Heterocyclen, Heteroatome oder Halogenatome substituiert sein können, wobei diese ebenfalls maximal zweimal, bevorzugt maximal einmal mit den genannten Gruppen substituiert sein können.The listed in detail Substituents can as previously described in any position by a or several heteroatoms are interrupted, the number of these heteroatoms not more than 10, preferably not more than 8, most preferably is not more than 5 and in particular not more than 3, and / or each at any position, but not more than five times, preferably not more than four times, and more preferably not more than three times, by alkyl, alkyloxy, alkyloxycarbonyl, aryl, aryloxy, aryloxycarbonyl, Hydroxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, heterocycles, heteroatoms or halogen atoms substituted could be, these also being at most twice, preferably at most once may be substituted with the groups mentioned.
Die in dieser Gruppe genannten Verbindungsklassen Alkyl, Aryl und Heterocyclen haben die zuvor genannte Bedeutung.The classes of alkyl, aryl and heterocycles mentioned in this group have the previously ge called meaning.
Heteroatome sind Sauerstoff, Stickstoff, Schwefel oder Phosphor.heteroatoms are oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus.
Alkyloxy bedeutet eine geradkettige oder verzweigte Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen (wie vorstehend genannt), welche über ein Sauerstoffatom (-O-) an gebunden sind, bevorzugt C1-C10-Alkyloxy wie beispielweise Methoxy, Ethoxy, Propoxy.Alkyloxy denotes a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (as mentioned above) which are bonded via an oxygen atom (-O-), preferably C 1 -C 10 -alkyloxy, for example methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy.
Alkoxycarbonyl ist eine Alkoxygruppe mit 1 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen (wie vorstehend genannt), welche über eine Carbonylgruppe (-CO-) an gebunden ist, bevorzugt C1-C10-Alkyloxycarbonyl.Alkoxycarbonyl is an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (as mentioned above) which is bonded via a carbonyl group (-CO-), preferably C 1 -C 10 -alkyloxycarbonyl.
Aryloxy ist ein ein- bis dreikerniges aromatisches Ringsystem (wie vorstehend genannt), welches über ein Sauerstoffatom (-O-) an gebunden ist, bevorzugt ein ein- bis zweikerniges, besonders bevorzugt ein einkerniges aromatisches Ringsystem.aryloxy is a mono- to trinuclear aromatic ring system (as above called), which has a Oxygen atom (-O-) is bonded to, preferably a mono- to binuclear, particularly preferably a mononuclear aromatic ring system.
Aryloxycarbonyl ist eine ein- bis dreikernige Aryloxygruppe (wie vorstehend genannt), welche über eine Carbonylgruppe (-CO-) an gebunden ist, bevorzugt ein ein- bis zweikerniges, besonders bevorzugt ein einkerniges Aryloxycarbonyl.aryloxycarbonyl is a mono- to trinuclear aryloxy group (as mentioned above), which about one Carbonyl group (-CO-) is attached to, preferably a mono- to binuclear, particularly preferably a mononuclear aryloxycarbonyl.
Halogenatome sind Fluor, Chlor, Brom und Iod.halogen atoms are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
Die
Herstellung der aromatischen Heterocyclen der allgemeinen Formel
(I) ist allgemein bekannt und beispielsweise in folgenden Literaturstellen
beschrieben:
Wie zum Beispiel in M. H. Elnagdi, G.E.H. Elgemeie,
F. A. Abd-Elaal, Heterocycles 1985, 23, 3121 beschrieben, können Pyrazole
durch Reaktion von Aryl- oder Alkylhydrazinen mit beta-bifunktionellen
Edukten dargestellt werden. Zu den beta-bifunktionellen Edukten
gehören
dabei beta-Diketone, beta-Ketoester und beta-Diketonitrile.The preparation of the aromatic heterocycles of the general formula (I) is generally known and described, for example, in the following references:
As described, for example, in MH Elnagdi, GEH Elgemeie, FA Abd-Elaal, Heterocycles 1985, 23, 3121, pyrazoles can be prepared by reacting aryl or alkyl hydrazines with beta-bifunctional starting materials. The beta-bifunctional educts include beta-diketones, beta-ketoesters and beta-diketronitriles.
Die Reaktion von Hydrazinen mit Acetylenderivaten liefert ebenso Pyrazole gemäß: Ed. A.R. Katrizki, Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry 1976, 19, 301, Academic Press, New York.The Reaction of hydrazines with acetylene derivatives also provides pyrazoles according to: Ed. A.R. Katrizki, Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry 1976, 19, 301, Academic Press, New York.
Durch Addition einer aus Trichortrifluorethan in situ hergestellten Zinkverbindung an Benzaldehyde erhält man Alkohole, aus denen 1-Aryl-3,3,3-trifluorpropine zugänglich sind (G. Meazza, G. Zanardi, P. Piccardi, J. Heterocyc. Chem. 1993, 30, 365). Cycloaddition mit Diazomethan führt je nach Reaktionsbedingungen zu unterschiedlich substituierten Pyrazolen (Y. Kobayashi, T. Yamashita, K. Takahashi, H. Kuroda, I. Kumadaki, Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1984, 32, 4402).By Addition of a trichlorotrifluoroethane prepared in situ zinc compound obtained from benzaldehydes Alcohols from which 1-aryl-3,3,3-trifluoropropines are accessible (G. Meazza, G. Zanardi, P. Piccardi, J. Heterocyc Chem., 1993, 30, 365). Cycloaddition with diazomethane results depending on the reaction conditions to differently substituted pyrazoles (Y. Kobayashi, T. Yamashita, K. Takahashi, H. Kuroda, I. Kumadaki, Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1984, 32, 4402).
Substituierte Phenylhydrazine können mit Methacrylsäuremethylestern über eine basenkatalysierte Ringschlussreaktion zu den entsprechenden Pyrazolidonderivaten umgesetzt. Die anschließende Oxidation führt zu den gewünschten Pyrazolderivaten (J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans 2, 1982, 1599).substituted Phenylhydrazines can with methyl methacrylates over a base-catalyzed ring closure reaction to the corresponding pyrazolidone derivatives implemented. The subsequent Oxidation leads to the desired ones Pyrazole derivatives (J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans 2, 1982, 1599).
In JP 85-29357 ist die Umsetzung von Methylhydrazin mit Methoxyacrylsäuremethylester zu 5-hydroxypyrazol beschrieben.In JP 85-29357 is the reaction of methylhydrazine with Methoxyacrylsäuremethylester to 5-hydroxypyrazole described.
Ein weiterer Syntheseweg besteht darin, im ersten Schritt 3-Pyrazolidon an einem Stickstoffatom zu acylieren und im zweiten Schritt den Amidstickstoff zu alkylieren. Schließlich wird zum Pyrazol aufoxidiert (H. Dorn, Angew. Chem. 1966, 78, 676).One further synthesis route consists in the first step 3-pyrazolidone to acylate on a nitrogen atom and in the second step the Alkylate amide nitrogen. Finally, the pyrazole is oxidized (H. Dorn, Angew. Chem. 1966, 78, 676).
Wenn im folgenden Text von dem oder einem aromatischen Heterocyclus der Formel (I) die Rede ist umfasst das auch die Möglichkeit eines Gemisches von aromatischen Heterocyclen der Formel (I). Sinngemäß das gleiche gilt für den Begriff sonstiger Stabilisator, Costabilisator und polymerisationsfähige Verbindung.If in the following text of the or an aromatic heterocycle of Formula (I) also includes the possibility of a mixture of aromatic heterocycles of the formula (I). The same thing applies to the term other stabilizer, costabilizer and polymerizable compound.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der aromatische Heterocyclus der Formel (I) vorteilhafterweise zusammen mit einem sonstigen Stabilisator oder Costabilisator verwendet werden. Diese sind z. B. DE-A 102 49 507 sowie in DE-A 102 58 329, DE-A 198 56 565 und in EP-A 765 856 beschrieben. Dadurch werden bestehende Unzulänglichkeiten der bekannten Stabilisatoren, beispielsweise der Farbaufbau während der Wirkung oder dem Verarbeiten der polymerisationsfähigen Verbindung sowie die nicht ausreichende Wirkung der Stabilisatoren während der Aufarbeitung der polymerisationsfähigen Verbindung, kompensiert.In a preferred embodiment the method according to the invention the aromatic heterocycle of the formula (I) is advantageously used together with another stabilizer or costabilizer become. These are z. B. DE-A 102 49 507 and in DE-A 102 58 329, DE-A 198 56 565 and EP-A 765 856. This will be existing shortcomings the known stabilizers, for example, the color structure during the Effect or processing of the polymerizable compound as well as the insufficient effect of the stabilizers during the Workup of the polymerizable compound, compensated.
Bevorzugt enthalten die erfindungsgemäßen Mischungen wenigstens einen Costabilisator. Im Allgemeinen ist der Costabilisator ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der sauerstoffhaltigen Gase, phenolischen Verbindungen, Chinone und Hydrochinone, N-Oxylverbindungen, aromatischen Amine, Phenylendiamine, Imine, Sulfonamide, Oxime, Hydroxylamine, Harnstoffderivate, phosphorhaltigen Verbindungen, schwefelhaltigen Verbindungen, Komplexbildner auf Basis von Tetraazannulen und Metallsalze, sowie gegebenenfalls Mischungen davon.Prefers contain the mixtures according to the invention at least one costabilizer. In general, the costabilizer selected from the group of oxygen-containing gases, phenolic compounds, Quinones and hydroquinones, N-oxyl compounds, aromatic amines, Phenylenediamines, imines, sulfonamides, oximes, hydroxylamines, urea derivatives, phosphorus-containing compounds, sulfur-containing compounds, complexing agents based on tetraazannulen and metal salts, and optionally Mixtures thereof.
Sauerstoffhaltige Gase können beispielsweise solche Gase sein, die einen Sauerstoffgehalt zwischen 0,1 und 100 Vol.-%, bevorzugt von 0,5 bis 50 Vol.-% und besonders bevorzugt von 1 bis 25 Vol.-% aufweisen. Beispielsweise können dies Stickstoffmonoxid, Stickstoffdioxid, Sauerstoff oder Distickstofftrioxid oder Luft sein. Diese können einzeln, in beliebigen Mischungen miteinander oder mit einem anderen Gas vermischt sein, beispielsweise Stickstoff, Edelgase, Wasserdampf, Kohlenstoffmonoxid, Kohlenstoffdioxid oder niedere Alkane, bevorzugt sind Luft oder Luft-Stickstoff-Gemische.oxygenated Gases can For example, be such gases having an oxygen content between 0.1 and 100% by volume, preferably from 0.5 to 50% by volume, and more preferably from 1 to 25% by volume. For example, these may be nitric oxide, Nitrogen dioxide, oxygen or dinitrogen trioxide or air. these can individually, in any mixtures with each other or with another Be mixed gas, for example, nitrogen, noble gases, water vapor, Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide or lower alkanes are preferred are air or air-nitrogen mixtures.
Phenolische Verbindungen sind z. B: Phenol, Alkylphenole, beispielsweise o-, m- oder p-Kresol (Methylphenol), 2-tert.-Butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert.-Butyl-2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butylphenol, 2,4-Di-tert.-butylphenol, 2-Methyl-4-tert.-butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, oder 2,2'-Methylen-bis-(6-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol), 4,4'-Oxydiphenyl, 3,4-Methylendioxydiphenol (Sesamol), 3,4-Dimethylphenol, Brenzcatechin (1,2-Dihydroxybenzol), 2-(1'-Methylcyclohex-1'-yl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2- oder 4-(1'-Phenyleth-1'-yl)phenol, 2-tert.-Butyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4,6-Tris-tert.-butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert.-butylphenol, Nonylphenol [CAS-Nr. 11066-49-2], Octylphenol [CAS-Nr. 140-66-9], 2,6-Dimethylphenol, Bisphenol A, Bisphenol B, Bisphenol C, Bisphenol F, Bisphenol S, 3,3',5,5'-Tetrabromobisphenol A, 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-p-kresol, Koresin® der BASF Aktiengesellschaft, 3,5-Di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoesäuremethylester, 4-tert.-Butylbrenzcatechin, 2-Hydroxybenzylalkohol, 2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2,3,6-Trimethylphenol, 2,4,5-Trimethylphenol, 2,4,6-Trimethylphenol, 2-Isopropylphenol, 4-Isopropylphenol, 6-Isopropyl-m-kresol, n-Octadecyl-beta-(3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionat, 1,1,3-Tris-(2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert.-butylphenyl)butan, 1,3,5-Trimethyl-2,4,6-tris-(3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzol, 1,3,5,-Tris-(3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurat, 1,3,5,-Tris-(3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxyethyl-isocyanurat, 1,3,5-Tris-(2,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-tert.-butylbenzyl)isocyanurat oder Pentaerythrittetrakis-[beta-(3,5,-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionat], 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-4-dimethylaminomethylphenol, 6-sek.-Butyl-2,4-dinitrophenol, Irganox® 565, 1010, 1076, 1141, 1192, 1222 und 1425 der Firma Ciba Spezialitätenchemie, 3-(3',5'-Di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäureoctadecylester, 3-(3',5'-Di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäurehexadecylester, 3-(3',5'-Di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäureoctylester, 3-Thia-1,5-pentandiol-bis-[(3',5'-di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionat], 4,8-Dioxa-1,11-undecandiol-bis-[(3',5'-di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionat], 4,8-Dioxa-1,11-undecandiol-bis-[(3'-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)propionat], 1,9-Nonandiol-bis-[(3',5'-di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionat], 1,7-Heptandiamin-bis[3-(3',5'-di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäureamid], 1,1-Methandiamin-bis[3-(3',5'-di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäureamid], 3-(3',5'-Di-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionsäurehydrazid, 3-(3',5'-Dimethyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)propionsäurehydrazid, Bis-(3-tert.-butyl-5-ethyl-2-hydroxyphen-1-yl)methan, Bis-(3,5-di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyphen-1-yl)methan, Bis-[3-(1'-methylcyclohex-1'-yl)-5-methyl-2-hydroxyphen-1-yl]methan, Bis-(3-tert.-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphen-1-yl)methan, 1,1-Bis-(5-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphen-1-yl)ethan, Bis-(5-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphen-1-yl)sulfid, Bis-(3-tert.-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphen-1-yl)sulfid, 1,1-Bis-(3,4-dimethyl-2-hydroxyphen-1-yl)-2-methylpropan, 1,1-Bis-(5-tert.-butyl-3-methyl-2-hydroxyphen-1-yl)butan, 1,3,5-Tris-[1'-(3'',5''-di-tert.-butyl-4''-hydroxyphen-1''-yl)meth-1'-yl]-2,4,6-trimethylbenzol, 1,1,4-Tris-(5'-tert.-butyl-4'-hydroxy-2'-methylphen-1'-yl)butan und tert.-Butylcatechol, sowie Aminophenole, wie z. B. p-Aminophenol, Nitrosophenole, wie z. B. p-Nitrosophenol, p-Nitroso-o-kresol, Alkoxyphenole, beispielsweise 2-Methoxyphenol (Guajacol, Brenzcatechinmonomethylether), 2-Ethoxyphenol, 2-Isopropoxyphenol, 4-Methoxyphenol (Hydrochinonmonomethylether), Mono- oder Di-tert.-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 3,5-Di-tert.-butyl-4-hydroxyanisol, 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylalkohol, 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzylalkohol (Syringaalkohol), 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyd (Vanillin), 4-Hydroxy-3-ethoxybenzaldehyd (Ethylvanillin), 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyd (Isovanillin), 1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethanon (Acetovanillon), Eugenol, Dihydroeugenol, Isoeugenol, Tocopherole, wie z. B. alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta- und epsilon-Tocopherol, Tocol, beta-Tocopherolhydrochinon, sowie 2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-hydroxybenzofuran (2,2-Dimethyl-7-hydroxycumaran).Phenolic compounds are for. B: phenol, alkylphenols, for example o-, m- or p-cresol (methylphenol), 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 6-tert-butyl-2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,6-diol tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-methyl-4-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert. Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, or 2,2'-methylenebis (6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 4,4'-oxydiphenyl, 3,4-methylenedioxydiphenol (sesamol), 3,4 Dimethylphenol, catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene), 2- (1'-methylcyclohex-1'-yl) -4,6-dimethylphenol, 2- or 4- (1'-phenyleth-1'-yl) phenol, 2-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tris-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, nonylphenol [CAS-No. 11066-49-2], octylphenol [CAS-No. 140-66-9], 2,6-dimethylphenol, bisphenol A, bisphenol B, bisphenol C, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, 3,3 ', 5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A, 2,6-di-tert. butyl-p-cresol, Koresin ® of BASF Aktiengesellschaft, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, 4-tert-butylcatechol, 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2,3, 6-trimethylphenol, 2,4,5-trimethylphenol, 2,4,6-trimethylphenol, 2-isopropylphenol, 4-isopropylphenol, 6-isopropyl-m-cresol, n-octadecyl-beta- (3,5-di-tert .-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 1,1,3-tris- (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6- tris- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene, 1,3,5-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanurate, 1.3 , 5, -Tris- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyloxyethyl isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris (2,6-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4-tert. butylbenzyl) isocyanurate or pentaerythritol tetrakis [beta- (3,5, di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-dimethylaminomethylphenol, 6-sec-butyl -2,4-dinitrophenol, Irganox ® 565, 1010, 1076, 1141, 1192, 1222 and 1425 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, 3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid hexadecyl ester, octyl 3- (3', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 3-thiazole 1,5-pentanediol bis - [(3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 4,8-dioxa-1,11-undecanediol bis - [(3', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 4,8-dioxa-1,11-undecanediol bis - [(3'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxy-5'- methylphenyl) propionate], 1,9-nonanediol bis - [(3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 1,7-heptanediamine bis [3- (3', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid amide], 1,1-methanediamine bis [3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid amide], 3- (3 ', 5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid hydrazide, 3- (3', 5'-dimethyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid hydrazide, bis (3-tert-butyl 5-ethyl-2-hydroxyphen-1-yl) methane, bis (3,5-di-tert.-butyl) 4-hydroxyphen-1-yl) methane, bis [3- (1'-methylcyclohex-1'-yl) -5-methyl-2-hydroxyphen-1-yl] methane, bis (3-tert-butyl 2-hydroxy-5-methylphen-1-yl) methane, 1,1-bis (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphen-1-yl) ethane, bis (5-tert. -butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphen-1-yl) sulfide, bis (3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphen-1-yl) sulfide, 1,1-bis (3, 4-dimethyl-2-hydroxyphen-1-yl) -2-methylpropane, 1,1-bis (5-tert-butyl-3-methyl-2-hydroxyphen-1-yl) butane, 1,3,5 tris [1 '- (3'',5''-di-tert-butyl-4''-hydroxyphen-1''- yl) meth-1'-yl] -2,4,6-trimethylbenzene , 1,1,4-tris (5'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxy-2'-methylphen-1'-yl) butane and tert-butylcatechol, and aminophenols, such as. B. p-aminophenol, nitrosophenols, such as. For example, p-nitrosophenol, p-nitroso-o-cresol, alkoxyphenols, for example, 2-methoxyphenol (guaiacol, pyrocatechol monomethyl ether), 2-ethoxyphenol, 2-isopropoxyphenol, 4-methoxyphenol (hydroquinone monomethyl ether), mono- or di-tert-butyl 4-methoxyphenol, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol, 2,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (syringa alcohol), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (vanillin ), 4-hydroxy-3-ethoxybenzaldehyde (ethylvanillin), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (isovanillin), 1- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) ethanone (acetovanillon), eugenol, dihydroeugenol, isoeugenol, tocopherols, such as , Alpha, beta, gamma, delta and epsilon tocopherol, tocol, beta-tocopherol hydroquinone, and 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-hydroxybenzofuran (2,2-dimethyl-7-hydroxycoumaran ).
Als Chinone und Hydrochinone sind beispielsweise geeignet Hydrochinon oder Hydrochinonmonomethylether (4-Methoxyphenol), Methylhydrochinon, 2,5-Di-tert.-Butylhydrochinon, 2-Methyl-p-hydrochinon, 2,3-Dimethylhydrochinon, Trimethylhydrochinon, 4-Methylbrenzcatechin, tert-Butylhydrochinon, 3-Methylbrenzcatechin, Benzochinon, 2-Methyl-p-hydrochinon, 2,3-Dimethylhydrochinon, Trimethylhydrochinon, tert-Butylhydrochinon, 4-Ethoxyphenol, 4-Butoxyphenol, Hydrochinonmonobenzylether, p-Phenoxyphenol, 2-Methylhydrochinon, Tetramethyl-p-benzochinon, Diethyl-1,4-cyclohexandion-2,5-dicarboxylat, Phenyl-p-benzochinon, 2,5-Dimethyl-3-benzyl-p-benzochinon, 2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-p-benzochinon (Thymochinon), 2,6-Diisopropyl-p-benzochinon, 2,5-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy-p-benzochinon, 2,5-Dihydroxy-p-benzochinon, Embelin, Tetrahydroxy-p-benzochinon, 2,5-Dimethoxy-1,4-benzochinon, 2-Amino-5-methyl-p-benzochinon, 2,5-Bisphenylamino-1,4-benzochinon, 5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthochinon, 2-Anilino-1,4-naphthochinon, Anthrachinon, N,N-Dimethylindoanilin, N,N-Diphenyl-p-benzochinondiimin, 1,4-Benzochinondioxim, Coerulignon, 3,3'-Di-tert.-butyl-5,5'-dimethyldiphenochinon, p-Rosolsäure (Aurin), 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-4-benzylidenbenzochinon, 2,5-Di-tert.-Amylhydrochinon.Suitable quinones and hydroquinones are, for example, hydroquinone or hydroquinone monomethyl ether (4-methoxyphenol), methylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2-methyl-p-hydroquinone, 2,3-dimethylhydroquinone, trimethylhydroquinone, 4-methylcatechol, tert Butylhydroquinone, 3-methylcatechol, benzoquinone, 2-methyl-p-hydroquinone, 2,3-dimethylhydroquinone, trimethylhydroquinone, tert-butylhydroquinone, 4-ethoxyphenol, 4-butoxyphenol, hydroquinone monobenzyl ether, p-phenoxyphenol, 2-methylhydroquinone, tetramethyl-p-benzoquinone, diethyl-1,4-cyclohexanedione-2,5-dicarboxylate, phenyl-p-benzoquinone, 2,5-dimethyl-3-benzyl-p-benzoquinone, 2-isopropyl-5- methyl p-benzoquinone (thymoquinone), 2,6-diisopropyl p-benzoquinone, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-p-benzoquinone, 2,5-dihydroxy-p-benzoquinone, embeline, tetrahydroxy-p-benzoquinone , 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, 2-amino-5-methyl-p-benzoquinone, 2,5-bis-phenylamino-1,4-benzoquinone, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2 -Anilino-1,4-naphthoquinone, anthraquinone, N, N-dimethylindoaniline, N, N-diphenyl-p-benzoquinone diimine, 1,4-benzoquinone dioxime, coerulignone, 3,3'-di-tert-butyl-5,5 '-dimethyldiphenoquinone, p-rosolic acid (aurin), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-benzylidenbenzoquinone, 2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone.
Als N-Oxyle (Nitroxyl- oder N-Oxyl-Radikale, Verbindungen, die wenigstens eine >N-O-Gruppe aufweisen) sind z. B. geeignet 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Acetoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl- piperidin-N-oxyl, Uvinul® 4040P der BASF Aktiengesellschaft, 4,4',4''-Tris-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl)phosphit, 3-Oxo-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidin-N-oxyl, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-methoxypiperidin, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-trimethylsilyloxypiperidin, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-2-ethylhexanoat, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-sebacat, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-stearat, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-benzoat, 1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-(4-tert-butyl)benzoat, Bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)succinat, Bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)adipat, 1,10-Dekandisäure-bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)ester, Bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) n-butylmalonat, Bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)phthalat, Bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)isophthalat, Bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)terephthalat, Bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)hexahydroterephthalat, N,N'-Bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)adipinamid, N-(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)caprolactam, N-(1-Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)dodecylsuccinimid, 2,4,6-Tris-[N-butyl-N-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl]triazin, N,N'-Bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N,N'-bis-formyl-1,6-diaminohexan, 4,4'-Ethylen-bis-(1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperazin-3-on).As N-oxyls (nitroxyl or N-oxyl radicals, compounds which have at least one> NO group) are z. B. suitable 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-methoxy-2,2 , 6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-acetoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, Uvinul ® 4040P from BASF Aktiengesellschaft, 4,4 ', 4''- tris- (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl) phosphite, 3-oxo-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl- pyrrolidine-N-oxyl, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-methoxypiperidine, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-trimethylsilyloxypiperidine, 1-oxyl-2,2, 6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl-2-ethylhexanoate, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl sebacate, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4 yl stearate, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl benzoate, 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl (4-tert-butyl) benzoate , Bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) succinate, bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) adipate, 1.10 Decanoic acid bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) ester, bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) n-bu tylmalonate, bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) phthalate, bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) isophthalate, bis- (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) terephthalate, bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) hexahydroterephthalate, N, N'-bis - (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) adipic amide, N- (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) caprolactam, N- (1-) Oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) dodecylsuccinimide, 2,4,6-tris [N-butyl-N- (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4- yl] triazine, N, N'-bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) -N, N'-bis-formyl-1,6-diaminohexane, 4,4 ' -ethylene-bis (1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperazin-3-one).
Als aromatische Amine oder Phenylendiamine sind beispielsweise geeignet N,N-Diphenylamin, N-Nitroso-diphenylamin, Nitrosodiethylanilin, p-Phenylendiamin, N,N'-Dialkyl-p-phenylendiamin, wobei die Alkylreste gleich oder verschieden sein können und jeweils unabhängig voneinander aus 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatome bestehen und geradkettig oder verzweigt sein können, beispielsweise N,N'-Di-iso-butyl-p-phenylendiamin, N,N'-Di-iso-propyl-p-phenylendiamin, Irganox® 5057 der Firma Ciba Spezialitätenchemie, N-Phenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N,N'-Diphenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N-Isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N,N'-Di-sec.-butyl-p-phenylendiamin (Kerobit® BPD der BASF Aktiengesellschaft), N-Phenyl-N'-isopropyl-p-phenylendiamin (Vulkanox® 4010 der Bayer AG), N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamin, Imoinodibenzyl, N,N'-Diphenylbenzidin, N-Phenyltetraanilin, Acridon, 3-Hydroxydiphenylamin, 4-Hydroxydiphenylamin.Suitable aromatic amines or phenylenediamines are, for example, N, N-diphenylamine, N-nitroso-diphenylamine, nitrosodiethylaniline, p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-dialkyl-p-phenylenediamine, where the alkyl radicals may be identical or different and are each independently of one another 1 to 4 carbon atoms exist, and for example N, N'-di-iso-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-di-iso-propyl-p-phenylenediamine, Irganox ® 5057 from Ciba may be straight or branched, specialty Chemicals , N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine (Kerobit ® BPD from BASF Aktiengesellschaft), N-phenyl-N'-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine (Vulkanox ® 4010 from Bayer AG), N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl 2-naphthylamine, iminodibenzyl, N, N'-diphenylbenzidine, N-phenyltetraaniline, acridone, 3-hydroxydiphenylamine, 4-hydroxydiphenylamine.
Imine sind z. B. Methylethylimin, (2-Hydroxyphenyl)benzochinonimin, (2-Hydroxyphenyl)benzophenonimin, N,N-Dimethylindoanilin, Thionin (7-Amino-3-imino-3H-phenothiazin), Methylen violett (7-Dimethylamino-3-phenothiazinon).imines are z. Methyl ethylimine, (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoquinone imine, (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzophenone imine, N, N-dimethylindoaniline, thionine (7-amino-3-imino-3H-phenothiazine), methylene violet (7-dimethylamino-3-phenothiazinone).
Als Stabilisator wirksame Sulfonamide sind beispielsweise N-Methyl-4-toluolsulfonamid, N-tert.-Butyl-4-toluolsulfonamid, N-tert.-Butyl-N-oxyl-4-toluolsulfonamid, N,N'-Bis(4-sulfanilamid)piperidin, 3-{[5-(4-Aminobenzoyl)-2,4-dimethylbenzolsulfonyl]ethylamino}-4-methylbenzolsulfonsäure, wie in DE-A 102 58 329.When Stabilizer effective sulfonamides are, for example, N-methyl-4-toluenesulfonamide, N-tert-butyl-4-toluenesulfonamide, N-tert-butyl-N-oxyl-4-toluenesulfonamide, N, N'-bis (4-sulfanilamide) piperidine, 3 - {[5- (4-Aminobenzoyl) -2,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonyl] ethylamino} -4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid as described in DE-A 102 58 329.
Oxime können beispielsweise Aldoxime, Ketoxime oder Amidoxime sein, wie beispielsweise in DE-A 101 39 767 beschrieben, bevorzugt Diethylketoxim, Acetonoxim, Methylethylketoxim, Cylcohexanonoxim, Benzaldehydoxim, Benzildioxim, Dimethylglyoxim, 2-Pyridinaldoxim, Salicylaldoxim, Phenyl-2-pyridylketoxim, 1,4-Benzochinondioxim, 2,3-Butandiondioxim, 2,3-Butandionmonooxim, 9-Fluorenonoxim, 4-tert.-Butylcyclohexanonoxim, N-Ethoxy-acetimidsäureethylester, 2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanonoxim, Cyclododecanonoxim, 4-Heptanonoxim und Di-2-Furanylethandiondioxim oder andere aliphatische oder aromatische Oxime beziehungsweise deren Reaktionsprodukte mit Alkylübertragungsreagenzien, wie z. B. Alkylhalogenide, -triflate, -sulfonate, -tosylate, -carbonate, -sulfate, -phosphate oder dergleichen.oxime can For example, be aldoxime, ketoxime or amidoximes, such as in DE-A 101 39 767, preferably diethylketoxime, acetone oxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, Cyclohexanone oxime, benzaldehyde oxime, benzil dioxime, dimethylglyoxime, 2-pyridinaldoxime, salicylaldoxime, phenyl-2-pyridylketoxime, 1,4-benzoquinone dioxime, 2,3-butanedione dioxime, 2,3-butanedione monooxime, 9-fluorenone oxime, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone oxime, N-ethoxy-acetimidsäureethylester, 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone oxime, cyclododecanone oxime, 4-heptanone oxime and di-2-furanylethanedione dioxime or other aliphatic or aromatic Oximes or their reaction products with alkyl transfer agents, such as B. alkyl halides, triflates, sulfonates, tosylates, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates or the like.
Hydroxylamine sind z. B. N,N-Diethylhydroxylamin und solche, die in der internationalen Anmeldung WO 03/099757 offenbart sind.hydroxylamines are z. As N, N-diethylhydroxylamine and those in the international Application WO 03/099757 are disclosed.
Als Harnstoffderivate sind beispielsweise geeignet Harnstoff oder Thioharnstoff.When Urea derivatives are suitable, for example, urea or thiourea.
Phosphorhaltige Verbindungen sind z. B. Triphenylphosphin, Triphenylphosphit, Hypophosphorige Säure, Trinonylphsophit, Triethylphosphit oder Diphenylisopropylphosphin.phosphorus Connections are z. B. triphenylphosphine, triphenyl phosphite, hypophosphorous acid, trinonyl phsophite, Triethylphosphite or diphenylisopropylphosphine.
Als schwefelhaltige Verbindungen sind beispielsweise geeignet Diphenylsulfid, Phenothiazin und schwefelhaltige Naturstoffe wie Cystein.When Sulfur-containing compounds are suitable, for example, diphenyl sulfide, Phenothiazine and sulfur-containing natural products such as cysteine.
Komplexbildner auf Basis von Tetraazannulen (TAA) sind z. B. Diebenzotetraaza[14]annulene und Porphyrine wie sie in Chem. Soc. Rev. 1998, 27, 105–115 genannt werden.complexing based on tetraazannulenes (TAA) are z. B. Diebenzotetraaza [14] annulenes and porphyrins as described in Chem. Soc. Rev. 1998, 27, 105-115 become.
Metallsalze sind z. B. Kupfer-, Mangan-, Cer-, Nickel-, Chrom-, -carbonat, -chlorid, -dithiocarbamat, -sulfat, -salicylat oder -acetat, -stearat, -ethylhexanoat.metal salts are z. As copper, manganese, cerium, nickel, chromium, carbonate, chloride, dithiocarbamate, sulfate, salicylate or acetate, stearate, ethylhexanoate.
Bevorzugte Costabilisatoren sind sauerstoffhaltige Gase, Phenothiazin, o-, m- oder p-Kresol (Methylphenol), 2-tert.-Butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butylphenol, 2,4-Di-tert.-butylphenol, Brenzcatechin (1,2-Di-hydroxybenzol), 2,6-Di-tert.-butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, Octylphenol [140-66-9], Nonylphenol [11066-49-2], 2,6-Dimethylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-p-kresol, Bisphenol A, tert.-Butylcatechol, Hydrochinon, Hydrochinonmonomethylether oder Methylhydrochinon, 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl sowie Mangan(II)acetat, Cer(III)carbonat, Cer(III)acetat oder Cer(III)ethylhexanoat, Cer(III)stearat sowie Gemische davon in unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzung.preferred Costabilizers are oxygen-containing gases, phenothiazine, o-, m- or p-cresol (methylphenol), 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, Catechol (1,2-di-hydroxybenzene), 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, octylphenol [140-66-9], nonylphenol [11066-49-2], 2,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, bisphenol A, tert-butyl catechol, hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether or methylhydroquinone, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-oxo-2,2,6,6 tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl as well as manganese (II) acetate, cerium (III) carbonate, cerium (III) acetate or cerium (III) ethylhexanoate, Cerium (III) stearate and mixtures thereof in different compositions.
Besonders bevorzugt sind Luft, Luft-Stickstoff-Gemische, Phenothiazin, o-, m- oder p-Kresol (Methylphenol), 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol, 4-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, Octylphenol [140-66-9], Nonylphenol [11066-49-2], 2,6-Di methylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-p-kresol, tert.-Butylcatechol, Hydrochinon, Hydrochinonmonomethylether oder Methylhydrochinon, 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl sowie Cer(III)acetat oder Cer(III)ethylhexanoat und Gemische aus wenigstens zwei der genannten Komponenten.Especially preferred are air, air-nitrogen mixtures, phenothiazine, o-, m- or p-cresol (methylphenol), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 4-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylphenol, Octylphenol [140-66-9], nonylphenol [11066-49-2], 2,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, tert-butylcatechol, hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether or methylhydroquinone, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl and cerium (III) acetate or cerium (III) ethylhexanoate and mixtures of at least two of said components.
Insbesondere bevorzugt sind Luft, Luft-Stickstoffgemische, Phenothiazin, Hydrochinon und Hydrochinonmonomethylether sowie 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, 4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl, N,N'-Di-sec.-butyl-p-phenylendiamin, Cer(III)acetat oder Cer(III)ethylhexanoat und Gemische davon.Especially preferred are air, air-nitrogen mixtures, phenothiazine, hydroquinone and hydroquinone monomethyl ether and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl, N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, Cerium (III) acetate or cerium (III) ethylhexanoate and mixtures thereof.
Der aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I) oder dessen Mischung mit einem sonstigen Stabilisator oder Costabilisator wird im folgenden Text auch summarisch als Stabilisator bezeichnet.Of the aromatic heterocycle of general formula (I) or its Mix with another stabilizer or co-stabilizer also referred to in the following text as stabilizer.
Sofern es sich bei dem Stabilisator um eine Mischung handelt, enthält sie als Komponenten
- i) den aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I) und
- ii) einen sonstigen Stabilisator oder Costabilisator
- i) the aromatic heterocycle of the general formula (I) and
- ii) another stabilizer or costabilizer
Bevorzugt sind Mischungen aus wenigstens dem aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I) und einer der folgenden Komponenten:
- – Phenothiazin
- – Hydrochinonmonomethylether
- – 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl
- – 4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl
- – 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl
- – Phenothiazin/Hydrochinon-monomethylether
- – Phenothiazin/4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl
- – Hydrochinonmonomethylether/4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-N-oxyl
- – wenigstens einem der genannten Cer-Salze, jeweils in An- oder Abwesenheit eines sauerstoffhaltigen Gases, bevorzugt in Anwesenheit.
- - Phenothiazine
- - hydroquinone monomethyl ether
- 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl
- 4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl
- 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl
- - Phenothiazine / hydroquinone monomethyl ether
- Phenothiazine / 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl
- - Hydroquinone monomethyl ether / 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-N-oxyl
- - At least one of said cerium salts, each in the presence or absence of an oxygen-containing gas, preferably in the presence.
Die polymerisationsfähige Verbindungen, die in den erfindungsgemäßen Mischungen enthalten ist, ist bevorzugt ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus mono-, di- oder triethylenisch ungesättigten C3-C8-Carbonsäuren, C1-C20-Estern, -Amiden, -Nitrilen und -Anhydriden dieser mono-, di- oder triethylenisch ungesättigten C3-C8-Carbonsäuren, Vinylestern von bis zu 20 C-Atome enthaltenden Carbonsäuren, Vinylethern von 1 bis 10 C-Atome enthaltenden Alkoholen, Vinylaromaten und -heteroaromaten mit bis zu 20 C-Atomen, Vinyllactamen mit 3 bis 10 C-Atomen im Ring, offenkettigen N-Vinylamidverbindungen und N-Vinylaminverbindungen, Vinylhalogeniden, aliphatischen gegebenenfalls halogenierten Kohlenwasserstoffen mit 2 bis 8 C-Atomen und 1 oder 2 Doppelbindungen, Vinylidenen oder Mischungen dieser Monomeren.The polymerizable compounds contained in the mixtures according to the invention is preferably selected from the group consisting of mono-, di- or triethylenisch unsaturated C 3 -C 8 carboxylic acids, C 1 -C 20 esters, amides, nitriles and -Anhydrides of these mono-, di- or triethylenisch unsaturated C 3 -C 8 carboxylic acids, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids containing up to 20 carbon atoms, vinyl ethers of 1 Alcohols containing up to 10 carbon atoms, vinylaromatics and heteroaromatics having up to 20 carbon atoms, vinyllactams having 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the ring, open-chain N-vinylamide compounds and N-vinylamine compounds, vinyl halides, aliphatic optionally halogenated hydrocarbons having 2 to 8 C atoms and 1 or 2 double bonds, vinylidenes or mixtures of these monomers.
Bevorzugte mono-, di- oder triethylenisch ungesättigte C3-C6-Carbonsäuren sind z. B. (Meth)acrylsäure, Dimethylacrylsäure, Ethacrylsäure, Citraconsäure, Methylenmalonsäure, Crotonsäure, Fumarsäure, Mesaconsäure, Itaconsäure, Maleinsäure sowie deren C1-C20-Alkylester, -Amide, -Nitrile, -Aldehyde und -Anhydride wie z. B. (Meth)acrylsäuremethylester, (Meth)acrylsäureethylester, (Meth)acrylsäure-n-butylester, (Meth)acrylsäure-n-propylester, (Meth)acrylsäure-iso-propylester, (Meth)acrylsäure-2-ethylhexylester, (Meth)acrylsäurearylester, Maleinsäuremonomethylester, Maleinsäuredimethylester, Maleinsäuremonoethylester, Maleinsäurediethylester, Alkylenglykol(meth)acrylate, (Meth)acrylamid, N-Dimethyl(meth)acrylamid, N-tert.-butyl(meth)acrylamid, (Meth)acrylnitril, (Meth)acrolein, (Meth)acrylsäureanhydrid, Itaconsäureanhydrid, Maleinsäureanhydrid sowie dessen Halbester. Kationische Monomere dieser Gruppe sind beispielsweise Dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylate und Dialkylaminoalkyl(meth)acrylamide wie Dimethylaminomethyl(meth)acrylat, Dimethylaminoethyl(meth)acrylat Diethylaminoethyl(meth)acrylat sowie die Salze der zuletzt genannten Monomeren mit Carbonsäuren oder Mineralsäuren sowie die qauternierten Produkte.Preferred mono-, di- or triethylenisch unsaturated C 3 -C 6 carboxylic acids are, for. As (meth) acrylic acid, dimethylacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, citraconic, methylenemalonic, crotonic, fumaric, mesaconic, itaconic, maleic and their C 1 -C 20 alkyl esters, amides, nitriles, aldehydes and -Anhydride such. Methyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid ethyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid n-butyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid n-propyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid iso-propyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, (meth ) acrylate, maleic acid monomethyl ester, dimethyl maleate, monoethyl maleate, diethyl maleate, alkylene glycol (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylamide, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-tert-butyl (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylonitrile, (meth) acrolein , (Meth) acrylic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, maleic anhydride and its half esters. Cationic monomers of this group are, for example, dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylates and dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamides such as dimethylaminomethyl (meth) acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate and the salts of the last-mentioned monomers with carboxylic acids or mineral acids and the qauternated products.
Weitere Monomere dieser Gruppe sind z. B. auch Hydroxylgruppen enthaltende Monomere, insbesondere C1-C10-Hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate wie beispielsweise Hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylat, Hydroxypropyl(meth)acrylat, Hydroxybutyl(meth)acrylat, Hydroxyisobutyl(meth)acrylat.Other monomers of this group are z. As well as hydroxyl-containing monomers, in particular C 1 -C 10 hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates such as hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxyisobutyl (meth) acrylate.
Weitere Monomere dieser Gruppe sind Phenyloxyethylglykol-mono-(meth)acrylat, Glycidyl(meth)acrylat, Trimethylolpropantriacrylt, Ureidomethylmethacrylat, Amino(meth)acrylate wie 2-Aminoethyl(meth)acrylat.Further Monomers of this group are phenyloxyethylglycol mono- (meth) acrylate, Glycidyl (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ureidomethyl methacrylate, Amino (meth) acrylates such as 2-aminoethyl (meth) acrylate.
Vinylester von Carbonsäuren mit 1 bis 20 C-Atomen sind z. B. Vinyllaurat, Vinylstearat, Vinylpropionat, Versaticsäurevinylester und Vinylacetat.Vinylester of carboxylic acids with 1 to 20 carbon atoms are z. As vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl propionate, Versaticsäurevinylester and vinyl acetate.
Als Vinylether von 1 bis 10 C-Atome enthaltende Alkohole sind z. B. Methylvinylether, Ethylvinylether, Butylvinylether, 4-Hydroxybutylvinylether, Vinylisobutylether oder Dodecylvinylether zu nennen.When Vinyl ethers of 1 to 10 carbon atoms containing alcohols are, for. B. Methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, Vinyl isobutyl ether or dodecyl vinyl ether.
Als vinylaromatische und -heteroaromatische Verbindungen kommen beispielsweise Vinyltoluol, α- und p-Methylstyrol, α-Butylstyrol, 4-n-Butylstyrol, 4-n-Decylstyrol, Styrol, Divinylbenzol, 2-Vinylpryridin, N-Vinylimidazol, N-Vinylpiperidon, N-Vinyl-2-methylimidazol und N-Vinyl-4-methylimidazol in Betracht.When for example, vinylaromatic and heteroaromatic compounds are used Vinyltoluene, α- and p-methylstyrene, α-butylstyrene, 4-n-butylstyrene, 4-n-decylstyrene, styrene, divinylbenzene, 2-vinylpryridine, N-vinylimidazole, N-vinylpiperidone, N-vinyl-2-methylimidazole and N-vinyl-4-methylimidazole into consideration.
Vinyllactame mit 3 bis 10 C-Atomen im Ring sind beispielsweise N-Vinylcaprolactam, N-Vinylpyrrolidon, Laurolactam, oxygenierte Purine wie Xanthin oder dessen Derivate wie 3-Methylxanthin, Hypoxanthin, Guanin, Theophyllin, Coffein, Adenin oder Theobromin.vinyllactams with 3 to 10 carbon atoms in the ring are, for example, N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylpyrrolidone, laurolactam, oxygenated purines such as xanthine or its derivatives such as 3-methylxanthine, hypoxanthine, guanine, theophylline, Caffeine, adenine or theobromine.
Weiterhin können offenkettige N-Vinylamidverbindungen und N-Vinylaminverbindungen wie beispielsweise N-Vinylformamid, N-Vinyl-N-methylformamid, N-Vinylacetamid, N-Vinyl-N-methylacetamid, N-Vinyl-N-ethylacetamid, N-Vinylpropionamid, N-Vinyl-N-methylpropionamid und N-Vinylbutyramid sowie N-Vinyl-N-dimethylamin, N-Vinyl-N-methylethylamin, N-Vinyl-N-diethylamin nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren stabilisiert werden.Farther can open-chain N-vinylamide compounds and N-vinylamine compounds such as N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl-N-methylformamide, N-vinylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-ethylacetamide, N-vinylpropionamide, N-vinyl-N-methylpropionamide and N-vinylbutyramide and N-vinyl-N-dimethylamine, N-vinyl-N-methylethylamine, N-vinyl-N-diethylamine stabilized by the process according to the invention become.
Die Vinylhalogenide sind mit Chlor, Fluor oder Brom substituierte ethylenisch ungesättigte Verbindungen wie beispielsweise Vinylchlorid, Vinylfluorid und Vinylidenchlorid.The Vinyl halides are ethylenically substituted with chlorine, fluorine or bromine unsaturated Compounds such as vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride and vinylidene chloride.
Aliphatische gegebenfalls halogenierte Kohlenwasserstoffe mit 2 bis 8 C-Atomen und 1 oder 2 olefinischen Doppelbindungen sind beispielsweise Ethylen, Propen, 1-Buten, 2-Buten, Isobuten, Butadien, Isopren und Chloropren genannt.aliphatic optionally halogenated hydrocarbons having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and 1 or 2 olefinic double bonds are, for example, ethylene, Propene, 1-butene, 2-butene, Isobutene, butadiene, isoprene and chloroprene called.
Als Vinylidene sei beispielsweise Vinylidencyanid genannt.When Vinylidene, for example, is called vinylidene cyanide.
Weitere polymerisationsfähige Verbindungen sind N-Vinylcaprolactam, Vinylphosphorsäuren, Vinylessigsäure, Allylessigsäure, N-Vinylcarbazol, Hydroxymethylvinylketon, N,N-Divinylethylenharnstoff, Vinylencarbonat, Tetrafluorethylen, Hexafluorpropen, Nitroethylen, Allylessigsäure, α-Chloracrylester, α-Cyanoacrylester, Methylenmalonester, α-Cyansorbinsäureester, Cyclopentadien, Cyclopenten, Cyclohexen und Cyclododecen.Further polymerizable Compounds are N-vinylcaprolactam, vinylphosphoric acids, vinylacetic acid, allylacetic acid, N-vinylcarbazole, Hydroxymethyl vinyl ketone, N, N-divinylethyleneurea, vinylene carbonate, Tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropene, nitroethylene, allylacetic acid, α-chloroacrylic ester, α-cyanoacrylic ester, methylenemalonic ester, α-cyanosorbic acid ester, Cyclopentadiene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene and cyclododecene.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden die aromatischen Heterocyclen zur Stabilisierung von mono-, di- oder triethylenisch ungesättigten C3-C8-Carbonsäuren, sowie deren C1-C20-Alkylester oder N-Vinylcaprolactam, N-Vinylformamid, N-Vinylimidazol, N-Vinylpyrrolidon, Vinylphosphorsäuren, N-Vinylcarbazol, N,N-Divinylethylenharnstoff, Trimethylolpropanacrylat, Ureidomethylmethacrylat, Styrol, Butadien oder Isopren eingesetzt.In a preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention, the aromatic heterocycles are used for stabilizing mono-, di- or triethylenically unsaturated C 3 -C 8 -carboxylic acids, and their C 1 -C 20 -alkyl esters or N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylformamide, N- Vinylimidazole, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinylphosphoric, N-vinylcarbazole, N, N-divinylethyleneurea, trimethylolpropane, Ureidomethylmethacrylat, styrene, butadiene or isoprene used.
Bevorzugte ungesättigte C3-C8-Carbonsäuren sind beispielsweise Acrylsäure und Methacrylsäure sowie deren C1-C8-Alkylester wie z. B. Methyl(meth)acrylat, Ethyl(meth)acrylat, n-Butyl(meth)acrylat, 2-Ethylhexyl(meth)acrylat.Preferred unsaturated C 3 -C 8 carboxylic acids are, for example, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and their C 1 -C 8 alkyl esters, such as. For example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate.
Im Allgemeinen enthalten die erfindungsgmäßen Mischungen 0,1 bis 1000 ppm des aromatischen Heterocyclus' der Formel (I), bezogen auf die polymerisationsfähige Ver bindung, bevorzugt 1 bis 900 ppm, besonders bevorzugt 10 bis 800 ppm, ganz besonders bevorzugt 50 bis 700 ppm und insbesondere 100 bis 500 ppm.in the In general, the erfindungsgmäßen mixtures contain from 0.1 to 1000 ppm of the aromatic heterocycle of the formula (I), based on the polymerizable compound, preferably 1 to 900 ppm, particularly preferably 10 to 800 ppm, completely particularly preferably 50 to 700 ppm and in particular 100 to 500 ppm.
Im Allgemeinen wird die erfindungemäße Mischung, enthaltend (A) den aromatischen Heterocyclus' der allgemeinen Formel (I) und (B) die polymerisationsfähige Verbindung hergestellt, indem man den aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I), ggf. zusammen mit dem sonstigen Stabilisatoren und/oder Costabilisator mit der polymerisationsfähigen Verbindung vermischt.in the In general, the mixture according to the invention, containing (A) the aromatic heterocycle 'of the general formula (I) and (B) the polymerizable Compound prepared by the aromatic heterocycle the general formula (I), optionally together with the other stabilizers and / or costabilizer mixed with the polymerizable compound.
Die Art der Zugabe des aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I) und des gegebenenalls einzusetzenden sonstigen Stabilisators oder Costabilisatoren ist nicht beschränkt. Der zugesetzte aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I) kann jeweils einzeln oder als Gemisch mit sonstigen Stabilisatoren und/oder mit vorgenannten Costabilisatoren zugesetzt werden, in flüssiger oder in gelöster Form in einem geeigneten Lösungsmittel, wobei dieses Lösungsmittel selber ein Stabilisator sein kann, wie z. B. in DE-A 102 00 583 beschrieben.The Type of addition of the aromatic heterocycle of the general formula (I) and the other stabilizer to be used or costabilizers is not limited. The added aromatic Heterocycle of general formula (I) may each be individually or as a mixture with other stabilizers and / or with the aforementioned Costabilizers are added, in liquid or in dissolved form in a suitable solvent, this solvent itself may be a stabilizer, such. B. in DE-A 102 00 583 described.
Die Konzentration der eingesetzten Lösungen ist nur durch die Löslichkeit des Stabilisators in dem Lösungsmittel begrenzt, beispielsweise kann sie 0,1–50 Gew.-% betragen, bevorzugt 0,2–25 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,3–10 Gew.-% und ganz besonders bevorzugt 0,5–5 Gew.-%.The Concentration of the solutions used is only through the solubility of the stabilizer in the solvent limited, for example, it may be 0.1-50 wt .-%, preferably 0.2-25 Wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.3-10 Wt .-% and most preferably 0.5-5 wt .-%.
Selbstverständlich kann der Stabilisator wenn der Schmelzpunkt unter 120°C, bevorzugt unter 100°C, besonders bevorzugt unter 80°C und insbesondere unter 60°C beträgt auch als Schmelze eingesetzt werden.Of course you can the stabilizer when the melting point below 120 ° C, preferably below 100 ° C, especially preferably below 80 ° C and in particular below 60 ° C is also be used as a melt.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Form wird der aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I) als Schmelze mit einem Phenol mit einem Schmelzpunkt unter 120°C, bevorzugt unter 100°C, besonders bevorzugt unter 80°C und insbesondere unter 60°C als Costabilisator eingesetzt. Besonders bevorzugt ist das Phenol ausgewählt unter p-Aminophenol, p-Nitrosophenol, 2-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert.-Butylphenol, 2-Methyl-4-tert.-Butylphenol, 4-tert.-Butyl-2,6-dimezhylphenol, Hydrochinon und Hydrochinonmonomethylether.In Another preferred form is the aromatic heterocycle the general formula (I) as a melt with a phenol with a Melting point below 120 ° C, preferably below 100 ° C, more preferably below 80 ° C and in particular below 60 ° C used as a costabilizer. Particularly preferred is the phenol selected under p-aminophenol, p-nitrosophenol, 2-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-methyl-4-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimezylphenol, Hydroquinone and hydroquinone monomethyl ether.
Wie zuvor beschrieben werden 0,1 bis 1000 ppm des aromatischen Heterocyclus' der allgemeinen Formel (I) bezogen auf die polymerisationsfähige Verbindung eingesetzt. Wird ein Gemisch von wenigstens einem aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I) mit einem sonstigen Stabilisator oder Costabilisatoren verwendet, so werden 0,1 bis 5000 ppm, bevorzugt 1 bis 4000 ppm, besonders bevorzugt 5 bis 2500 ppm, besonders bevorzugt 10 bis 1000 ppm und insbesondere 50 bis 750 ppm bezogen auf die polymerisationsfähige Verbindung eingesetzt.As described above are 0.1 to 1000 ppm of the aromatic heterocycle 'of the general formula (I) used based on the polymerizable compound. Will be a mixture of at least one aromatic heterocycle of the general formula (I) with another stabilizer or Costabilizers used, so 0.1 to 5000 ppm, are preferred 1 to 4000 ppm, more preferably 5 to 2500 ppm, more preferably 10 to 1000 ppm and in particular 50 to 750 ppm based on the polymerizable Connection used.
Wird ein Gemisch enthaltend mehr als eine einzige Verbindung aus der Gruppe der Verbindungen bestehend aus dem aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I), dem sonstigen Stabilisator und Costabilisatoren verwendet, so können diese Verbindungen sowohl unabhängig voneinander an verschiedenen oder gleichen Dosierstellen zugeführt werden als auch unabhängig voneinander in unterschiedlichen Lösungsmitteln gelöst werden.Becomes a mixture containing more than a single compound from the Group of compounds consisting of the aromatic heterocycle the general formula (I), the other stabilizer and costabilizers used, so can these compounds are both independent be fed from each other at different or equal dosing as well as independently be solved each other in different solvents.
Die erfindungemäße Mischung, enthaltend (A) den aromatischen Heterocyclus' der allgemeinen Formel (I) und (B) die polymerisationsfähige Verbindung wird mit Vorteil unmittelbar bei der Herstellung der polymerisationsfähigen Verbindung hergestellt. Dabei wird der Stabilisator bevorzugt an solchen Stellen eingesetzt, an denen die polymerisationsfähige Verbindung, beispielsweise durch hohe Reinheit, hohe Verweilzeit und/oder hohe Temperatur, einer Polymerisationsgefahr ausgesetzt ist.The inventive mixture, containing (A) the aromatic heterocycle 'of the general formula (I) and (B) the polymerizable Connection will benefit directly in the production of the polymerizable Connected. In this case, the stabilizer is preferred used in those places where the polymerizable compound, for example, by high purity, high residence time and / or high Temperature, a risk of polymerization is exposed.
Dies können beispielsweise Absorptionseinheiten, Desorptionseinheiten, Rektifikationseinheiten, beispielsweise Destillationsapparate oder Rektifikationskolonnen, Verdampfer, beispielsweise Natur- oder Zwangsumlaufverdampfer, Kondensatoren oder Vakuumeinheiten sein.This can for example, absorption units, desorption units, rectification units, for example, distillation apparatus or rectification columns, Evaporators, such as natural or forced circulation evaporators, condensers or vacuum units.
Beispielsweise können die Stabilisatoren am Kopf einer Rektifikationseinheit eindosiert werden, z. B. in den Kopf der Rektifikationseinheit, Entnahmeeinbauten oder über die trennwirksamen Einbauten, wie z. B. Böden, Packungen, Wellenbrecher oder Schüttungen, gesprüht oder gedüst oder zusammen mit dem Rücklauf, in einen Kondensator eindosiert werden, z. B. eingesprüht, so dass der Kondensatorkopf und/oder die Kühlflächen benetzt sind, oder in einer Vakuumeinheit, wie in der EP-A 1 057 804 beschrieben oder als Sperrflüssigkeit in einer Flüssigkeitsringpumpe, wie in DE-A 101 43 565 beschrieben.For example can the stabilizers are metered at the top of a rectification unit be, for. B. in the head of the rectification unit, removal internals or over the separating internals, such. As soils, packs, breakwater or fillings, sprayed or scared or together with the return, be metered into a condenser, z. B. sprayed, so that the condenser head and / or the cooling surfaces are wetted, or in a vacuum unit, as described in EP-A 1 057 804 or as a barrier liquid in a liquid ring pump, as described in DE-A 101 43 565.
Die erfindungemäße Mischung, enthaltend (A) den aromatischen Heterocyclus' der allgemeinen Formel (I) und (B) die polymerisationsfähige Verbindung, kann weiterhin hergestellt werden, indem man den Stabilisators bei der Herstellung von polymerisationsfähigen Verbindungen auftretenden Reaktionsmischungen oder den zur Herstellung der polymerisationsfähigen Verbindungen eingesetzten Edukten zusetzt.The inventive mixture, containing (A) the aromatic heterocycle 'of the general formula (I) and (B) the polymerizable Compound can be further prepared by adding the stabilizer occurring in the preparation of polymerizable compounds Reaction mixtures or for the preparation of polymerizable compounds added educts added.
Die erfindungemäß einzusetzenden aromatischen Heterocyclen der allgemeinen Formel (I) können weiterhin sowohl als Lager- als auch als Transportstabilisator verwendet werden, d. h. zur Stabilisierung der reinen polymerisationsfähigen Verbindungen.The erfindungemäß to be used aromatic heterocycles of general formula (I) may further be used both as a storage and as a transport stabilizer, d. H. for stabilizing the pure polymerizable compounds.
Die erfindungemäße Mischung, enthaltend (A) den aromatischen Heterocyclus' der allgemeinen Formel (I) und (B) die polymerisationsfähige Verbindung ist wirksam geschützt gegen Oxidation oder Polymerisation bei Kontakt mit sauerstoffhaltigem Gas, insbesondere Gasmischungen enthaltend Sauerstoff und Stickstoff, insbesondere Luft oder Luft-Stickstoff-MischungenThe inventive mixture, containing (A) the aromatic heterocycle 'of the general formula (I) and (B) the polymerizable Connection is effectively protected against oxidation or polymerization on contact with oxygen-containing Gas, in particular gas mixtures containing oxygen and nitrogen, in particular air or air-nitrogen mixtures
Die erfindungemäße Mischung (A) aus dem aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I) und (B) der polymerisationsfähiger Verbindung bewährt sich besonders bei der Lagerung in einem Gefäß, z.B. einem Lagertank oder üblichen Transportbehälter, enthaltend eine kontinuierliche flüssige Phase und eine kontinuierliche Gasphase, wobei die kontinuierliche Flüssigphase aus der erfindungemäßen Mischung enthaltend (A) den aromatischen Heterocyclus der allgemeinen Formel (I) und (B) die polymerisationsfähiger Verbindung besteht und die kontinuierliche Gasphase aus einem sauerstoffhaltigen Gas besteht.The inventive mixture (A) from the aromatic heterocycle of general formula (I) and (B) the polymerizable Proven connection especially when stored in a vessel, e.g. a storage tank or usual Transport containers, containing a continuous liquid phase and a continuous one Gas phase, wherein the continuous liquid phase of the erfindungemäßen mixture containing (A) the aromatic heterocycle of the general formula (I) and (B) the polymerizable Compound exists and the continuous gas phase of an oxygen-containing Gas exists.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird der Stabilisator in einem Verfahren verwendet, wie es in DE-A 100 64 642 beschrieben ist. Dazu wird in einem Verfahren zur Aufarbeitung von (Meth)acrylsäure in Gegenwart des Stabilisators ein aus der Aufarbeitung stammendes, im wesentlichen von (Meth)acrylsäure befreites, Stabilisator enthaltendes Stoffgemisch in einen Destillationsapparat geführt und ein aus diesem erhaltener, Stabilisator enthaltender Leichtsiederstrom in die Aufarbeitung rückgeführt.In a preferred embodiment the stabilizer is used in a process as described in DE-A 100 64 642 is described. This is done in a process for workup of (meth) acrylic acid in the presence of the stabilizer, a work-up originating from the work-up, essentially of (meth) acrylic acid liberated, stabilizer-containing mixture in a distillation apparatus guided and a stabilizer-containing low-boil stream obtained therefrom returned to the workup.
Für ein solches Verfahren sind solche erfindungsgemäßen aromatischen Heterocyclen besonders geeignet, deren Dampfdrücke bei 141°C (Siedepunkt von Acrylsäure) bei Normaldruck mindestens 15 hPa betragen, bevorzugt zwischen 20 und 800 hPa, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 25 und 500 hPa, ganz besonders bevorzugt zwischen 25 und 250 hPa und insbesondere zwischen 25 und 160 hPa, sowie deren Gemische.For such Processes are aromatic heterocycles according to the invention particularly suitable, whose vapor pressures at 141 ° C (boiling point of acrylic acid) at Normal pressure at least 15 hPa, preferably between 20 and 800 hPa, more preferably between 25 and 500 hPa, most preferably between 25 and 250 hPa and in particular between 25 and 160 hPa, as well as their mixtures.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden die erfindungsgemäßen aromatischen Heterocyclen in einem Verfahren zur Aufarbeitung von N-Vinylmonomeren wie den genannten Vinylestern, Vinylethern, Vinylaromaten und -heteroaromaten sowie den offenkettigen V-Vinylamidverbindungen und N-Vinylaminverbindungen eingesetzt.In a further preferred embodiment are the aromatic according to the invention Heterocycles in a process for working up N-vinyl monomers such as the mentioned vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl aromatics and heteroaromatics and the open-chain V-vinylamide compounds and N-vinylamine compounds used.
In dieser Schrift verwendete ppm- und Prozentangaben beziehen sich, falls nicht anders angegeben, auf Gewichtsprozente und -ppm.In ppm and percentages used in this specification refer to Unless indicated otherwise, by weight and ppm.
Experimenteller Teil Experimental part
Beispiel für die stabilisierende Wirkung in Acrylsäureexample for the stabilizing effect in acrylic acid
In dieser Schrift verwendete ppm- und Prozentangaben beziehen sich, falls nicht anders angegeben, auf Gewichtsprozente und -ppm.In ppm and percentages used in this specification refer to Unless indicated otherwise, by weight and ppm.
0,5 ml frisch aufgetaute und zur Entfernung des Lagerstabilisators zweifach destillierte Acrylsäure wurden unter Luftatmosphäre in 1,8 ml Ampullen abgefüllt.0.5 ml freshly thawed and twice to remove the storage stabilizer distilled acrylic acid were under air atmosphere filled in 1.8 ml ampoules.
Die Proben wurden alle im Umlufttrockenschrank bei 120°C gelagert.The All samples were stored in a convection oven at 120 ° C.
In jeder Testreihe wurden von jeder Acrylsäureprobe jeweils 3 Ampullen befüllt und getestet, der Mittelwert der Zeit bis zur vollständigen Polymerisation wurde visuell erfasst.In Each test series was made up of 3 ampoules of each acrylic acid sample filled and tested, the mean of the time to complete polymerization was recorded visually.
Die durchschnittliche Standardabweichung innerhalb einer Versuchsreihe lag bei ca. 2–4%.The average standard deviation within a series of experiments was about 2-4%.
Die Konzentrationen betrugen, soweit nicht anders angegeben, 25 ppm aromatischer Heterocyclus plus 10 ppm Phenothiazin (PTZ).The Concentrations were 25 ppm unless stated otherwise aromatic heterocycle plus 10 ppm phenothiazine (PTZ).
Die relative Wirksamkeit berechnet sich aus dem Quotienten aus der Zeit bis zur Polymerisation der Probe aus aromatischem Heterocyclus und PTZ und der Zeit bis zur Polymerisation der Referenzprobe. Als Referenzprobe wurde reines PTZ verwendet, die relative Wirksamkeit der Referenzprobe beträgt demnach 1,0.The relative effectiveness is calculated from the quotient of time until the polymerization of the sample of aromatic heterocycle and PTZ and the time to polymerize the reference sample. As a reference sample Pure PTZ was used, the relative effectiveness of the reference sample is therefore 1.0.
Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 1 zusammengefasst. Tabelle 1 The results are summarized in Table 1. Table 1
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|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005057894A DE102005057894A1 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Stabilized polymerizable mixtures |
| PCT/EP2006/068836 WO2007063031A2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-11-23 | Stabilized polymerizable mixtures |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005057894A DE102005057894A1 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Stabilized polymerizable mixtures |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE102005057894A1 true DE102005057894A1 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
Family
ID=38006888
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005057894A Withdrawn DE102005057894A1 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Stabilized polymerizable mixtures |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102005057894A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007063031A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012033800A1 (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-03-15 | General Electric Company | Composition and method for inhibiting premature polymerization |
| WO2022223336A1 (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-10-27 | Basf Se | Polymerization inhibitors |
| JP2023503208A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2023-01-27 | ベーアーエスエフ・エスエー | Storage and transportation stabilizer for polymerizable compounds |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1833819A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2007-09-19 | Astex Therapeutics Limited | Pyrazole compounds that modulate the activity of cdk, gsk and aurora kinases |
| US8399442B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2013-03-19 | Astex Therapeutics Limited | Pharmaceutical compounds |
| US8435970B2 (en) | 2006-06-29 | 2013-05-07 | Astex Therapeutics Limited | Pharmaceutical combinations of 1-cyclopropyl-3-[3-(5-morpholin-4-ylmethyl-1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-urea |
| EP3947271A1 (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2022-02-09 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Pure chlorine dioxide generation system with reduced acid usage |
| TW202404930A (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2024-02-01 | 美商藝康美國公司 | Abating unwanted emulsion polymerization during extractive distillation of conjugated diene monomers |
| TW202348786A (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2023-12-16 | 美商藝康美國公司 | Antifoulant compositions for vapor-space applications |
| TW202348787A (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2023-12-16 | 美商藝康美國公司 | Antifoulant compositions for high-severity processing of vinylic monomer streams |
| CN117402032A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-16 | 埃科莱布美国股份有限公司 | Synergistic antistain compositions and methods of use |
| TWI892182B (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2025-08-01 | 施柏漳 | Pyrazole compounds, preparation methods, pharmaceutical uses and compositions thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3274203A (en) * | 1963-05-31 | 1966-09-20 | Du Pont | 1-carbamyl and thiocarbamyl-3-amino-4-nonsubstituted and substituted pyrazoles |
| US3531479A (en) * | 1968-09-03 | 1970-09-29 | Eastman Kodak Co | Light stable colorants and ultraviolet inhibitors for plastics |
| DE10064642A1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-27 | Basf Ag | Work-up of acrylic or methacrylic acid in presence of stabilizer involves distillation of acrylic acid-free, stabilizer-containing mixture from the work-up, and recycling a stabilizer-containing low-boiling distillate to the work-up |
| DE10256617A1 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-06-17 | Basf Ag | Radical polymerization process in the presence of a regulator |
-
2005
- 2005-12-02 DE DE102005057894A patent/DE102005057894A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-11-23 WO PCT/EP2006/068836 patent/WO2007063031A2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012033800A1 (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-03-15 | General Electric Company | Composition and method for inhibiting premature polymerization |
| JP2023503208A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2023-01-27 | ベーアーエスエフ・エスエー | Storage and transportation stabilizer for polymerizable compounds |
| JP7770926B2 (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2025-11-17 | ベーアーエスエフ・エスエー | Shelf-life and transport stabilizers for polymerizable compounds. |
| WO2022223336A1 (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-10-27 | Basf Se | Polymerization inhibitors |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007063031A3 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
| WO2007063031A2 (en) | 2007-06-07 |
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