DE1008008B - Printing device for printing instrument scales, where some measuring points are determined by calibration - Google Patents

Description

Printing device for printing instrument scales where some measuring points are determined by calibration When making. Electric scales Measuring instruments are initially pointer positions corresponding to some electrical calibration values marked by calibration points on the scale. The full scale division is then with the help of a so-called drawing machine by a: drawing pen drawn with Indian ink. The mounting device for the scale or the pivoting arm of the pull spring are provided with a division so that the division points lying between two calibration points can be interpolated. Having made the line image of the scale in this way is, the numbers or characters assigned to your scale mark are indicated individually by Hand stamps, stencils or transfer printing. These Moves are very tedious, time-consuming and expensive. Maat therefore already has if it is a question of larger quantities of the same type of instrument, the measurands and reference numerals are printed in one operation with the aid of an offset machine.

The invention is based on the object of producing a printing machine. with which both the scale lines and all of them are made using the same working procedure Marking marks on the scale, can be attached, both should the tick marks as well as the. Reference numerals are produced in type printing. The invention is characterized by the following features: One against the scale surface a measuring instrument fastened in a holding device, which can be pressed on with the for the. Symbols required for scale labeling on its circumference (scale lines, Numbers or the like); an inking device that is detachable in the working cycle of the printing process for the printing type of the type wheel in working position; one or more: Projection devices, which by means of a light mark or other means, mark the point on the scale where the set type of printing meets; a slidable and rotatably mounted receiving device for the scale with the Measuring instrument. The receiving device is expedient with the help of two in guide rails slides sliding in mutually perpendicular directions, ba.r and in its upper part designed as a turntable. With the cradle or your Turntable is direct or by means of an interposed transmission gear a display member, e.g. B. a lay-on ruler or a reading magnifier that can be moved on an arm, tied together. Underneath the display member, the movement of the receiving device participates, is a Teiluugst @ isch on the movable part of the receiving device attached, on the interchangeable and / or adjustable stencils, templates or Curve sheets for the scale division can be attached.

The measuring instrument, on its scale, some measuring points by calibration set and z. B. are marked, is in the instrument holder of the turntable inserted and clamped. The type of print is selected by turning the type wheel which is to be printed on the scale surface (e.g. a scale mark). The light mark the projection device marks the point on the scale surface on which the Type meets during the printing process. By moving or rotating the mounting device the light mark is brought to cover with the marked calibration point, so that the subsequent printing process the generated line mark coincides with the calibration point.

The distance between the calibration points can be according to a desired function be subdivided .. When the turntable rotates with the measuring instrument the display member, e.g. B. a reading magnifier, a swivel movement over your dividing table the end. If one arranges a curve sheet adapted to this swivel angle on the indexing table with one corresponding to the division function. Family of curves, you get at Apply the reading magnifier to the adjacent curves when printing the corresponding one Scale lines a subdivision in the desired sense.

If the corresponding electrical connections for the measuring instrument be arranged on the dividing table., it is also possible to use the. Tick marks immediately after the calibration setting of the measuring instrument pointer without previous marking of the measuring points to print. After setting the electrical calibration value the light mark of the printing device is brought into line with the tip of the pointer and the pointer from the print area z. B. in the zero or. End position of the scale guided. When the scale line is then printed, it is correct immediately without additional The intermediate marking corresponds to the corresponding calibration value on the scale.

The new printing device can be operated by semi-skilled workers and is characterized by the fact that small series of different types of instruments are also available Equipped with a full scale label using the same working procedure be, can. With the new printing device, the full scale image Compared to the previously known methods in a much shorter time in clearer and cleaner shape than was previously possible. obtain.

The invention is based on the drawings of exemplary embodiments explained.

Fig. 1, 2 and 3 represent. one embodiment of the printing device in side elevation, plan and view from the front in the direction of the type wheel, Fig. -1 a detail of the Ein.färbeeinrichtung, Fig. 5 the projection device and 6 and 7 show a modified embodiment for the suspension of the type wheel; 8 to 10 are examples of those to be arranged on the dividing table Curve sheets (nomograms) for the interpolation of the scale division between the Calibration points explained.

Let us first consider the arrangement according to FIGS. 1 to 3. On the one hand, the intermediate part 3 with the print head 4 is attached to the base plate 1 of the printing device, which carries the guide for the type wheel at one end. On the base plate is. Furthermore, the slide guide 5, in which the lower slide 7 of the receiving device either freely or with the aid of a spindle 6 mounted in the base plate in the longitudinal direction, ie. can be moved in the axis of the printing device. A lock nut 8 is attached to the slide 7 and is brought into engagement with the spindle 6 with the aid of a lever 9. By operating the spindle 6 with the aid of the adjusting screw 10, the slide is moved in the longitudinal direction after tightening the lock nut. The slide and slide guide are connected to one another by a roller or ball bearing (11 in Fig. 3). The lower slide for the longitudinal movement in turn carries a slide guide 12 which extends in a direction perpendicular to the guide 5. In this slide guide 12 slides on ball b, between. Roller bearing a slide. 13, which carries a bearing pin 14 for the turntable 15 of the measuring instrument holder. The turntable 15 is guided in the pin 14 and is otherwise again supported by balls or rollers on the carriage 13 for the transverse movement. The turntable 15 can be rigidly connected to the carriage 13 by inserting a pin 29 so that the rotary movement is blocked. A toothed rack 30 is attached to the slide guide, into which a toothed wheel 31 mounted in the interior of the slide engages. During the transverse movement of the carriage 13, this gear wheel rolls on the rack. and transmits its movement to the gear wheel 32 and also via the bushing 33 to a disk 34 which is located above the turntable 15. The placement ruler 16, which has two clamping screws 17 and 18, can also be pivoted about the axis of rotation 14. With the aid of the clamping screw 18, this ruler can be clamped to the disk 34 so that it is pivoted during the transverse movement of the slide 13. By tightening the clamping screw 17, on the other hand, the lay-on ruler 16 is firmly connected to the turntable 15. The clamping screw 18 must of course be loosened here.

The dividing table is still on the slide 13 for the transverse movement 20 attached, in the side walls of which two rollers 21 and 22 are mounted. About these Rolling the curved belt 81 is stretched, which is on its surface for the subdivision neighboring calibration points required sets of curves. The role 21 is with a gear 75 connected, which via a gear 23 with the gear 24 of the adjustment knob 25 is engaged. By turning the interconnected adjustment knobs 25 the roller 21 is rotated about the axis 76 (Fig. 2) and the curved belt in the longitudinal direction emotional. On the turntable two clamping pieces 26 are attached, between which the actual instrument holder 27 exchangeable with the aid of clamping screws 28 e: is feasible. The scale of the instrument is centered in the receptacle 27, see above that with circular scales the center of the scale coincides with the axis of the turntable.

A carriage guide 35 is arranged at one end of the print head, in which the carriage 36 slides with the type wheel 37. This sled can go with With the help of the toggle lever assembly 38, 39 and the hand lever 40 are moved downwards. In its rest position, it is supported by a helical spring (not shown) in the held in the position shown in FIG. The type wheel is after loosening the three screws 41 interchangeable. Each type on the circumference of the type wheel is a hole in a bolt circle assigned, in which a detachable with the aid of a push button 42 locking pin intervenes. When the button 42 is pushed in, a not shown in detail is shown Leverage the locking pin pulled out of the hole, and the type wheel can, on the knurled wheel 43 until the desired type is in the working position stands. After releasing the button 42, the locking is restored.

The point of impact of the pressure position, d. H. in the deepest The stationary type of the type wheel is indicated by the line mark of a projection device 44 displayed. The projection device can with the help of the fastening screws 45 can be set up. To the projected image of the line mark the type of instrument or to adapt to the marking to be printed, the light mark carrier can be exchangeable be executed. Such an embodiment is shown schematically in FIG. The various light marks are on a disk 47 that is rotatable about the axis 46 arranged, which is provided with corresponding detents. By turning this disc the desired light mark can be selected.

The light mark carrier can also be inclined towards the optical axis, in order to achieve an even line sharpness on the scale of the projection during projection To get the measuring instrument. For fine adjustment of the line mark during the adjustment process the projection lens can also be mounted eccentrically to the optical axis, so that a lateral fine adjustment of the light mark by turning the eccentric stored lens is possible.

The lever 39 of the toggle lever arrangement 38, 39 is extended beyond the pivot point, and at the point 48 a connecting rod 49 for actuating the inking device is articulated. its other end engages an intermediate lever 50. The movement of the conveyor roller for the printing ink and the carriage with the inking rollers is derived from the movement of the lever 50 via further levers 51, 52 and connecting rods 53, 54. The conveying roller 58 for the printing ink is connected to a ratchet wheel 59, in the notch of which a pawl 56 arranged on the lever 55 engages. These details can be seen in the schematic representation of FIG. There the paint container 57 is shown, one side wall of which is formed by the conveyor roller 58. The ratchet wheel 59 is connected to the conveyor roller and is moved further by the switching pawl 56 during the pivoting movement of the lever 55. As a result, the conveyor roller is rotated in the direction of the arrow and colored by the printing ink in the interior of the container 57. The color is removed from the conveyor roller 58 with the aid of the inking roller 61 mounted on the frame 62 and transferred to the intermediate disk 63. When the hand lever 40 is moved, the frame 62 slides upwards and backwards in a corresponding guide, which is not shown, and as a result the ratchet wheel 59 is indexed by one tooth and the frame 62 with the rollers 60 and 61 is moved over the intermediate disk 63 . The roller 61 transfers the ink removed from the conveyor roller 58 to the intermediate disk 63, while the roller 60 picks up the ink distributed in the thinnest layer on the disk 63 and transfers it to the printing type 64 in the working position. The disc: 63 is also connected to a ratchet wheel, in which a pawl attached to a spring-mounted rod engages. In the last part of the movement of the frame 62, a pin attached to this frame strikes the resilient rod with the pawl and rotates the disc 63 by one tooth. This device is not shown in Fig. 4 ..

The coloring device explained above achieves that the printing type to be inked only with a thin one before each printing process Film is colored evenly by printing ink. As a result of the distribution of color on the intermediate wheel 63 and by the respective gripping with the roller 60 it is not possible because too much paint got onto the type and thus a messy one Pressure arises. Under certain circumstances, it is useful to increase the rotational movement of the rollers 61 and 60 to be coupled to one another, for example by means of gears. This achieves that, even if the roller 60 leaves the disc 63, the rotational movement does not cease, so that no sliding of the roller 60 on the type 64 can occur.

In Figs. 6 and 7 another embodiment of the carrier for the Character wheel shown in section and view. The type wheel 37 is here by one Axis 65 mounted in the print head can be swiveled. When printing z. B. with help a hand lever swiveled the type wheel b, between. tilted so that the in working position standing type of printing rolls on the scale surface. So that the movement of the dial surface and printing type can go on as a pure rolling motion, the pick-up device must for the measuring instrument a movement corresponding to the pivoting movement of the type wheel run in the longitudinal direction of the printing device (see arrow in Fig. 6). this will in the example of FIGS. 6 and 7 made possible by a steel cable or band 66, which on a disk 67 wound up and over corresponding pulleys with the carriage 7 is connected for the longitudinal movement of the receiving device. The retrograde movement the carriage 7 is effected, for example, by a spring. In the basic position the type wheel according to FIG. 6 is located in that indicated by the dashed line 68 Location. The instrument 70 with its scale 69 can be freely inserted into the instrument holder 27 are inserted and clamped. The clamping devices are not shown. When the hand lever is operated, the type wheel is swiveled forward and the type travels through a circular arc indicated by the dash-dotted line 71. When the type is unrolled on the dial surface, the movement of the pick-up device be stopped by a stop. The band 66 is resilient in this case to connect with the carriage 7. In the further course of the circular movement arrives the type then in the area indicated by the rollers 72, 73, 74. Inking device. The roller 74 is, for example, a conveyor roller with the container, not shown related for the printing ink. The color is on the intermediate roller 73 on the Inking roller 72 transferred and removed from here by the printing type. The last described embodiment of the carrier for the type wheel guaranteed as a result the rolling motion of the type ensures a particularly smooth flow of the printing process.

The described manual drive for the, pressure movement of the type wheel can also be operated by an automatic electric pneumatic or hydraulic Drive must be replaced. Each printing process is then activated, for example triggered by a hand or foot switch.

On the basis of FIGS. 8 to 10, examples are intended for on the dividing table Curve sheets to be arranged (nomograms) for the interpolation of the scale division are explained between the calibration points. The interpolation between, for example three calibration points, d. H. the subdivision of the distances between the calibration points into a given one Number of intermediate points, can in principle according to the need predetermined mathematical or empirical. Function.

In practice, logarithmic functions are mainly used as interpolation functions and first order parabolic functions are used. Are there more than three calibration points before, a parabola corresponding to a higher order is to be chosen. Based on the given Interpolation function, nomograms can be used for the dividing table of the printing device are drawn, making up for a given spacing ratio of, for example three calibration points the position of a given number of intermediate points leaves. For example, FIG. 8 shows a nomogram for quadratic interpolation, and FIG. 9 shows one for a logarithmic interpolation according to three calibration points In both cases it is assumed that the distance between the outer. Calibration points should be divided into ten parts by nine intermediate points. The location of the outer Calibration points is indicated by the outer lines g. and gio., while the middle Line or curve g5 shows the position of the middle calibration point in relation to the outer calibration points indicates. As the examples in the drawing show, for the square Interpolation flocks of straight lines while logarithmic interpolation leads to a family of curves.

10 shows in a schematic representation how one of the explained Nomograms can be arranged on the dividing table. The dividing table 20 carries on the by pressing the adjusting knob 25 longitudinal slidable band a nomogram, of which only the two outer. Lines and the inner distinguished line for the mean calibration point is shown. The lay-on ruler 16 is provided with a movable mark 19 or a reading magnifier provided, as has already been explained with reference to FIGS.

The pivot point of the turntable with the instrument holder is on the point 77, and the nomogram is arranged so that the outer limiting curve g0 goes through the center of the turntable. In the upper part of Fig. 10- is the Scale of an instrument with the position of the light mark of the printing device indicated. Three calibration points are marked on the scale.

The subdivision of the distance between the elk points can now be carried out in the following way according to the nomogram: The light mark is set to the outer calibration point by swiveling the turntable and moving it in the longitudinal direction and the mark of the lay ruler is brought to coincide with the outer limiting curve g0 . The turntable will now. so. Swiveled for a long time until the light mark is on the other outer calibration point of the scale. The ruler here assumes the position indicated by the dashed line 78. The displaceable mark 19 or the reading magnifier is now moved on the positioning ruler until it coincides with the outer limiting one. Curve g1, coincides. After this setting, the turntable with the lay-on ruler is swiveled in such a way that the light mark falls on the middle calibration point of the scale. The lay ruler is now in a middle one. Position, for example on the line 79. By turning the adjusting knob 25, the nomogram located on the belt of the indexing table is now shifted in the longitudinal direction until the center line5 reaches the! movable mark or the crossing point of the reading magnifier falls. After applying the mark to the corresponding intermediate curves between g0, 95, 910, the. required number of intermediate points on the scale, printed.

The, families of curves. the nomograms; can also look for another Principle of order are recorded. For example, it is not necessary to use the Keep the distance between the outer limiting curves g0 and g10 constant., instead, for example, one of the outer limiting curves can be parallel to the mean excellent curve-. get lost. The curves to the other outer limit then diverge radially according to the chosen integration pola.tion.

A plurality of nomograms can be placed on the dividing table at the same time be arranged, for example, a subdivision according to a different one Allow number of intermediate points. Also the simultaneous arrangement of different according to different functions. subdivided nomograms is possible.

The dividing table can also be modified so that instead of a sliding tape is provided a projection surface on the example : wise from below with the help of a projection device - =, ing the corresponding nomogram is projected. A shift of the nomograinin in the longitudinal direction is necessary here not to be provided if the- length of the nomograph, mms (distance of the curves g0, g5, g10) by adjusting the optical magnification of the projection device is made adjustable. With such an arrangement, for example apply a large number of nomograins on a film strip. and with help insert a corresponding device optionally into the projection device.

To explain the mode of operation of the subject matter of the invention, the successive work or setting processes for the production of instrument scales are shown again in context with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. First, the processes involved in making a circular scale and then a straight scale (profile instruments) are explained. The scale 69 of an instrument, the housing of which is indicated by the reference numeral 70 in FIG. 3, is clamped onto the instrument holder 27. The scale opening in the middle is centered in the receptacle 27 with the aid of a Zen.trierkörpers so that the scale center point coincides with the pivot point of the turntable 15 (FIG. 1). By moving the carriage for the longitudinal movement (either freely after loosening the lock nut 8 or with the aid of the spindle 6 after applying the lock nut with the help of the lever 9) and by turning. of the turntable 15, the light mark is brought to coincide with the corresponding calibration point on the scale. The lay-on ruler 16 is connected to the turntable by tightening the adjusting knob 17. The corresponding. three calibration points are, as described above, brought into congruence with the light mark and the reading magnifier or the curve sheet is set with the corresponding nomogram. By turning the type wheel, the: required type (e.g. long scale line for the calibration points and correspondingly short line for the intermediate points) is brought into working position and the printing process is triggered. After each print, the reading magnifier on the lay-on ruler is moved to the next curve in the nomogram and the print process is repeated. After the scale marks have been made, the reference symbols (numbers, letters or the like) are set on the type wheel and these symbols are printed next to the associated scale marks.

If the elongated scale of a profile instrument is to be printed, a receptacle 27 adapted to the instrument is placed on the turntable 15. The instrument is aligned with the aid of the receiving device so that the Scale comes to lie in the direction of the slide guide for the transverse movement. the Rotary movement of the table 15 is controlled by a corresponding lock, for example Inserting a locking pin into the hole 29 (Fig. 2), locked and the lay-on ruler by loosening the set screw 17 and tightening the screw 18 with the washer 34 coupled. By moving the slide for transverse movement (fine adjustment on the adjusting screw 2 via the spindle 80) the light mark moves over the calibration points on the scale ,, and the lay-on ruler leads (as a result of the tobogganing of the gears 31, 32 in the rack 30) with the disk 34 a pivoting movement over the indexing table the end. In this way, the same nomograms that are used for the Interpola, tic-i were used on circular scales, also on the straight i1 scale for printing of intermediate points can be used in the same way.

Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Printing device for printing instrument scales, in which some measuring points are determined by calibration, characterized by a type wheel (37) which can be pressed against the scale surface of a measuring instrument or a scale sheet with the symbols required for the scale inscription on its Scope (scale lines, numbers, etc.), an inking device (53 ... 63) that can be coupled in the working cycle of the printing process for the printing type of the type wheel in the working position, one or more projection devices (44), which use light mark or other means to mark the position on the scale, which the set printing type meets, and a rotatably and displaceably mounted receiving device (26 ... 28) for the scale or the measuring instrument (70). 2. Printing device according to claim 1, characterized by a directly or via an intermediate translation display member participating in the movement of the receiving device, e.g. B. a ruler (16) or a reading magnifier (19) that can be moved on an arm, and one below of the lay-on ruler or the reading magnifier arranged dividing table (20) with exchangeable and / or adjustable templates, templates or curve sheets for the scale division. 3. Printing device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that on the receiving device (26 ... 28) voltage or power supplies for the instrument to be calibrated (70) are provided, such that the instrument used in the receiving device The measuring points to be determined by the calibration can be determined directly by the adjusting instrument pointer. 4. Printing device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized by a toggle lever arrangement (38, 39), e.g. B. from a hand lever (40), movable in the direction of the scale surface, the carriage (36) carrying the character wheel (37). 5. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that the type wheel (37) during the printing process a Swiveling or tilting movement executes in such a way that the standing in the working position Type of print rolls off the face of the dial. 6. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that of the tilting or pivoting movement of the type wheel a corresponding movement of the receiving device (26 ... 28) with the scale z. B. is derived by means of a steel belt guided over rollers (66). 7. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized by an electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic drive for the pressure movement of the type wheel, which can be engaged by means of a hand or foot switch. B. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that the type wheel (37) is arranged to be easily exchangeable. 9. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that the type wheel is rotatable after releasing a lock (42) for setting a new type. 10. Printing device according to claim 9, characterized in that the printing position of the individual types is determined by locking points. 11. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that the inking device for the types of printing consists of an intermediate body (63) which accepts the color and transport members (60, 61) for transferring the color from the ink container (57) to the intermediate body (63). 12. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized by a disc (63) as an intermediate body and at least two cooperating; rollers (60, 61) attached to a frame as transport links. 13. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that the frame with the inking rollers by means of a lever transmission (51 ... 55) with the toggle lever arrangement (38, 39) for the 'type wheel is coupled in such a way that during the upward movement of the type wheel unroll the coloring rollers on the colored disc (63) and one roller (60) colors the type (64). 14. Printing device according to claim 11 and 12, characterized in that the colored intermediate body (63) by means of a z. B. from pawl (56) ° and ratchet wheel (59) existing to drive device is rotated with each work cycle. 15. Printing device according to claim 11 to 14, characterized in that the roller (60) inking the printing type (64) is inevitably driven via gear wheels or the like. 16. Printing device according to claim 15, characterized in that the rotary movements of the inking rollers are coupled by gear drives. 17. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that the light mark carrier of the projection devices (44) are interchangeable and consist of a dark line mark in the light environment or a light line mark. 18. Printing device according to claim 17, characterized in that the light mark carrier (44) are inclined so obliquely to the optical axis that a uniform line sharpness of the light mark is obtained on the projection surface (scale). 19. Printing device according to claim 17 and 18, characterized in that the projection lens for the lateral fine adjustment is rotatably mounted and eccentric to the optical axis. 20. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that the receiving device (26 ... 28) with the dividing table (20) using two slide guides (5, 7 and 12, 13) with spindle drive in the direction of the central axis of the type wheel and is displaceable perpendicular to it. 21. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that the upper, optionally replaceable part (27) of the receiving device with the ruler (16) or the reading magnifier is rotatable about the central axis of the receiving device. 22. Printing device according to claim 20 and 21, characterized in that the carriage guides and the rotatable part of the receiving device are provided with locking devices. 23. Printing device according to claim 20 to 22, characterized in that a toothed wheel (31) and a toothed rack (30) attached to the part (12) which is displaceable in the direction of the axis of the type wheel is attached to the part of the receiving device carrying the ruler or the reading magnifier and the toothed wheel and rack can be coupled together so that when the receiving device is displaced in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the type wheel, the positioning ruler (16) or the reading magnifier performs a pivoting movement over the indexing table. 24. Printing device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that the dividing table (20) carries receiving devices for interchangeable templates, templates or curve sheets. 25. Printing device according to claim 24, characterized in that the curves or templates for the scale division are applied to an endless belt (81) and this is adjustable by means of a roller drive (21, 22). 26. Printing device according to claim 24 and 25, characterized in that the endless belt is displaceable by means of the roller drive in the direction of the axis of the type wheel. 27. Printing device according to claim 24 to 26, characterized in that the reading magnifier (19) is also displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the lay-on ruler (16). 28. Printing device according to claim 24 to 27, characterized in that the templates for the scale fine division sets of curves with one of the number of desired, between three or more adjacent calibration points of the scale to be printed scale lines corresponding number of subsequent to an inner excellent or outer limiting curve Have individual curves and that the course of the curve is dimensioned in such a way that when the ruler or the reading magnifier is applied to the individual curves, the distance between the scale lines between the relevant calibration points is fixed in the non-linear division ratio specified by the calibration points. 29. Printing device according to claim 24 to 28, characterized in that the templates for the scale graduation are projected with the aid of a projection device with a continuously variable magnification ratio onto a ground glass arranged in place of the graduation table. Publications considered: German Patent No. 939 774.