CN201121178Y - 熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，所述熄焦塔包括喷水熄焦段及排空烟道，所述喷水熄焦段设有熄焦喷水装置，其特征在于：所述喷水熄焦段底部形成为相对密闭的空间，所述熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置包括设置于该熄焦塔的喷水熄焦段及排空烟道之间的冷却吸收装置，在该熄焦塔内构成冷却吸收段。本实用新型可有效回收熄焦过程中产生的蒸汽，避免水资源的巨大浪费。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型是关于一种蒸汽回收装置，尤其是一种对工业炼焦工艺中熄焦过程产生的蒸汽加以回收的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置。
背景技术
焦碳是我国工业生产的重要原料，特别是冶金工业必不可少的二次能源原料之一。据统计我国目前的焦碳生产量居世界前列。在工业炼焦过程中，红焦从焦炉推出来后，一要使焦炭熄灭，防止其在大气中继续氧化燃烧；二要迅速降温，以使焦碳成型；三要对其表面的粉末进行冲洗，以保证焦碳质量，同时保证焦炭的水分含量合格。目前焦化企业多采用湿法熄焦技术，故要用大量的冷却水喷淋熄焦。同时，为了节约用水，多采用循环水喷淋熄焦。
现有的熄焦装置通常由下列部分组成：
1)一个高达数十米的熄焦塔，其上部直通大气，下部敞开，铺有轨道，供熄焦车进出；
2)喷水装置；
3)熄焦车；
4)循环水池；
5)水泵及控制机构等。
其工作过程是：当炽红的焦碳从炉中推入熄焦车后，即由机车沿轨道推动进入到熄焦塔的下部，喷水装置瞬间向红焦喷出大量的水，以使焦碳迅速熄灭。但水在接触温度高达一千多度的炽红焦碳时，瞬时吸热汽化，产生大量炙热的上升蒸汽气团。由此产生的大量的蒸汽没有回收，而白白放空，造成水资源的浪费和环境的污染。据统计，目前企业每生产一吨焦碳一般要消耗水0.5吨左右，全部以蒸汽形式经熄焦塔排空，虽然其中喷淋后余下的熄焦水经排水沟回到循环水池，可以再用，然而排空的蒸汽所含的水分却无法回收。
在全社会注重节水、节能的今天，如何回收这些排放的蒸汽，节约大量的水资源，保护好环境，的确是一件迫在眉睫的重要课题。
实用新型内容
本实用新型要解决的技术问题是：提供一种熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，以回收熄焦过程中产生的蒸汽，避免水资源的巨大浪费。
本实用新型的技术解决方案是：一种熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，所述熄焦塔包括喷水熄焦段及排空烟道，所述喷水熄焦段设有熄焦喷水装置，所述喷水熄焦段底部形成为相对密闭的空间，所述熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置包括设置于该熄焦塔的喷水熄焦段及排空烟道之间的冷却吸收装置，在该熄焦塔内构成冷却吸收段。
本实用新型的特点和优点是：在工业炼焦的熄焦工序中，熄焦水和炽红的焦碳瞬时接触产生的高温蒸汽气体，蒸汽在上升过程中，经过本实用新型的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置处理后，由于交错布置的喷水装置，使得蒸汽流曲折上升经熄焦水喷淋，与冷却水充分交换热量后，温度降低，冷凝后得到的大量凝结水可经重力分离而得以回收，进而重新利用，污染环境的焦末粉尘也被分离出来，其他的不溶性气体则经熄焦塔上部排空烟道排放，由此，避免了水资源的浪费，并减少了对环境的污染。
附图说明
以下附图仅旨在于对本实用新型做示意性说明和解释，并不限定本实用新型的范围。其中，
图1为本实用新型的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置的一具体实施例的结构示意图。
附图标号说明：
1.熄焦车 2.密封门 3.喷水熄焦段
4.喷水器 5.冷却吸收段 6.回水导流板
7.循环水池 8.水泵 9.排水管
10.排空烟道 11.冷却水喷淋组件 110.挡水部
60.导流接水板 601.挡水部
具体实施方式
为了对本实用新型的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图说明本实用新型的具体实施方式。
图1为本实用新型的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置的一具体实施例的工作原理示意图。如该图所示，本实用新型提出一种熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，熄焦塔包括喷水熄焦段3及排空烟道10，所述喷水熄焦段3设有熄焦喷水器4，且所述喷水熄焦段底部形成为相对密闭的空间，本实用新型的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置包括设置于该熄焦塔的喷水熄焦段3及排空烟道10之间的冷却吸收装置，在该熄焦塔内构成冷却吸收段5；该排空烟道与现有熄焦塔一致，用于排放剩余的不溶性气体。
如图1所示，本实用新型的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置还包括设置于喷水熄焦段3底部熄焦车1进出口的密闭门2，该密闭门2隔绝该喷水熄焦段3与外部空气的通道，形成熄焦塔底部的相对密闭空间。
冷却吸收装置包括设置于熄焦塔内壁的冷却水喷淋组件11，如图1所示，本实施例中设有多层冷却水喷淋组件11，所述冷却水喷淋组件11的形状与熄焦塔的该冷却吸收段的局部截面形状相配合，且各层冷却水喷淋组件11交错设置，形成曲折的通道，冷却吸收蒸汽热量，使其冷凝为凝结水。
在本实用新型的一具体实施例中，设有五层冷却水喷淋组件11，且各层冷却水喷淋组件11通过水泵8连结至循环水池7；该熄焦塔的冷却吸收段5的横截面形状为长方形，该冷却水喷淋组件11的形状与其相配合，宽度相等而长度稍小，由此，可将该冷却水喷淋组件11的三面安装在熄焦塔的内壁上，并在未固定一端形成缺口，构成蒸汽流通的通道；而且，各层冷却水喷淋组件交错设置，如图1所示，该五层结构的冷却水喷淋组件中，有三层的自由端与左侧塔壁相对，而其间设置的另两层的自由端则与右侧塔壁相对，由此，形成供蒸汽流通的曲折通道，为蒸汽与冷却水的充分热交换提供条件。
如图1所示，本实施例中，蒸汽回收装置还包括回水导流组件，该回水导流组件包括回水导流板6，回水导流板的形状为漏斗型，其横截面为矩形，一边与塔壁固定连接，另一边与冷却水喷淋组件固定连接，用于导流熄焦水(包括冷却水)至循环水池7，防止过多的熄焦水淋入焦炭而影响质量。
本实施例中，该回水导流组件包括设置于各冷却水喷淋组件下方、熄焦车上方的导流接水板60，且紧邻该导流接水板60而设置的最底层的冷却水喷淋组件11与其共同构成熄焦车遮挡区域，以防止过多的水淋入焦炭而影响质量。如图1所示，该导流接水板的形状与冷却水喷淋组件相似但其长度略长，从而可以接住其上方紧邻设置的最下层冷却水喷淋组件喷出的冷却水，而该最下层冷却水喷淋组件在对应于该接水板与塔壁的空隙的部位并未设置喷淋头，从而由该导流接水板60与最下层冷却水喷淋组件构成对熄焦车的遮挡区域，以防止过多的水淋入焦炭而影响质量。当然，还可根据熄焦车所在区域，适当加长该导流接水板60的长度，以使其单独构成对熄焦车的遮挡区域，防止冷却水被喷淋至焦炭。所述导流接水板60的自由端可形成挡水部601，以使接到的喷淋冷却水被导流至预定方向。
所述冷却水喷淋组件的自由端设有挡水部110，以保证其上部的冷却水能向塔壁方向汇集，并被回水导流部件6导流至熄焦车1之外的预定区域。
下面结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施例的工作原理进行详细说明：
如图1所示，当炽红的焦碳从炉中推入熄焦车1后，该熄焦车即由机车沿轨道推入到熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置的下部，此时其前后密封门2关闭，形成一个底部相对密封上部开放的的空间，即形成喷水熄焦段3；喷水器4瞬间向炽热的焦碳喷出大量的熄焦水，以使焦碳迅速熄灭，同时产生大量炙热的上升蒸汽气团，进入装置的冷却吸收段5，而多余的熄焦水则流回循环水池7；曲折上升的热蒸汽流经过多层冷却水喷淋组件11后，温度逐渐降低，蒸汽冷凝渐成细小水滴，由于重力作用，向下运动、富集，并渐渐形成大水滴溶入冷却水中，最后汇集到回水导流板6，并经排水管9回到循环水池7，以备多次重复利用。同时水气中的焦碳粉末也因重力作用被分离出来，混入水中带出，剩余的热空气经由排空烟道10放空。
虽然本实用新型已以具体实施例揭示，但其并非用以限定本实用新型，任何本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本实用新型的构思和范围的前提下所作出的等同组件的置换，例如，1)利用不同的材质制成不同的形状的类似本实用新型的空间用于熄焦蒸汽的产生、冷却、回收、排放。2)利用不同形状，不同空间位置的喷淋装置形成蒸汽流曲折冷却流道，或依本实用新型专利保护范围所作的等同变化与修饰，皆应仍属本专利涵盖的范畴。
Claims (10)
1、一种熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，所述熄焦塔包括喷水熄焦段及排空烟道，所述喷水熄焦段设有熄焦喷水装置，其特征在于：所述喷水熄焦段底部形成为相对密闭的空间，所述熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置包括设置于该熄焦塔的喷水熄焦段及排空烟道之间的冷却吸收装置，在该熄焦塔内构成冷却吸收段。
2、如权利要求1所述的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，其特征在于，所述熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置还包括设置于喷水熄焦段底部熄焦车进出口的密闭门，该密闭门隔绝该喷水熄焦段与外部空气的通道，形成熄焦塔底部的相对密闭空间。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，其特征在于，所述冷却吸收装置包括设置于熄焦塔内壁的冷却水喷淋组件，该冷却水喷淋组件通过水泵连接至熄焦水循环水池。
4、如权利要求3所述的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，其特征在于，该冷却水喷淋组件设有多层并交错设置，形成曲折的通道，冷却吸收蒸汽热量。
5、如权利要求4所述的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，其特征在于，所述冷却水喷淋组件的形状与熄焦塔的该冷却吸收段的局部截面形状相对应，所述冷却水喷淋组件配合安装于该熄焦塔的该冷却吸收段的局部内壁，剩余部分构成蒸汽通道。
6、如权利要求5所述的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，其特征在于，所述蒸汽回收装置包括导流冷却水喷淋组件喷出的冷却水的回水导流组件，所述回水导流组件包括导流板及导流接水部件，所述导流板的形状为漏斗型，其横截面为矩形，一边与塔壁固定连接，另一边与冷却水喷淋组件固定连接；所述导流接水部件对应设置于上一层冷却水喷淋组件下方、熄焦车上方，且紧邻最下层的冷却水喷淋组件与所述导流接水部件共同构成熄焦车遮挡区域，该导流接水部件设有挡水部。
7、如权利要求4所述的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，其特征在于，所述冷却吸收装置包括导流冷却水喷淋组件喷出的冷却水的回水导流组件，该冷却水含有蒸汽凝结水，该回水导流组件将该冷却水导流至喷水熄焦段的熄焦车之外的区域，该冷却水回流至循环水池。
8、如权利要求7所述的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，其特征在于，所述回水导流组件包括导流板，所述导流板的形状为漏斗型，其横截面为矩形，一边与塔壁固定连接，另一边与冷却水喷淋组件固定连接。
9、如权利要求8所述的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，其特征在于，该回水导流组件包括设置于冷却吸收装置下方、熄焦车上方的导流接水部件，且紧邻该导流接水部件而设置的最底层的冷却水喷淋组件与其共同构成熄焦车遮挡区域。
10、如权利要求9所述的熄焦塔蒸汽回收装置，其特征在于，该导流接水部件设有挡水部。
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| CN101486017B (zh) * | 2009-01-12 | 2011-09-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | 基于非热等离子体注入的湿熄焦气雾处理方法及装置 |
| CN102424756A (zh) * | 2011-08-11 | 2012-04-25 | 肖玉峰 | 过热蒸压熄焦余热发电工艺及设备 |
| CN102585854A (zh) * | 2011-12-20 | 2012-07-18 | 赛鼎工程有限公司 | 湿法熄焦工艺中熄焦塔排放烟尘的净化处理方法 |
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