CN1862905A - Power source apparatus, power source system, electric power apparatus and electric power system - Google Patents

Abstract

It can maintain the balance of supply and demand in the power supply system, and can also suppress the fluctuation range in the power supply system to maintain a balanced state in response to natural energy fluctuations and sudden load changes. A power supply device (8), which supplies power to a power system (9), comprising: a power generation device (1) with output fluctuations that uses natural energy such as wind power and sunlight to generate power; and a power generation device (1) that is arranged in parallel , Power generation equipment (2) that operates as a basic power source for power supply of diesel engines, gas engines, hydraulic power, etc., the power generation equipment (2) is composed of an excitation power source with variable frequency, that is, a dual power supply synchronization mechanism of a variable frequency converter (5) become. Thus, the excitation control using the inertial energy of the prime mover (3) and the generator (4) can be used for short-period fluctuations. On the other hand, the relatively slow fluctuations can be controlled by the prime mover. The power generation facility (2) absorbs or supplements electric power, and equalizes the electric power supplied to the electric power system (9).

Description

Power equipment, power system, power equipment system and power system

(1) Technical field

The present invention relates to a power supply device, a power supply system, a power supply device system, and an electric power system, and particularly to a power supply device, a power supply system, a power supply system, and an electric power system having a power generation device accompanied by output fluctuations.

(2) Background technology

When generating electricity using natural energy such as sunlight and wind power, the output of natural energy may fluctuate due to weather conditions and the like. Therefore, there is a problem that the power fluctuation at the system connection point exceeds the system connection condition due to the fluctuating electric power. In addition, when the scale of the natural energy power source increases and fluctuating power increases, the problem of frequency fluctuations in the entire system also arises. Therefore, smoothing of fluctuating electric power is desired.

Conventional power generation facilities utilizing such natural energy have provided variable speed motors with accumulator wheels capable of high-recharge and discharge cycles to smooth power delivered to systems or loads (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-285949 (especially claim 3)

In order to prevent global warming and reduce carbon dioxide CO ₂ , it is desired to introduce power generation equipment that utilizes natural energy such as wind power and sunlight. However, these power generation facilities have a problem that their output varies due to weather conditions. Therefore, if such power generation facilities are added, the power fluctuations thereof will degrade the power quality of the entire power system, so the installation of power generation facilities accompanying these output fluctuations is limited. Therefore, in the conventional wind power generation facility described in Patent Document 1, by employing the above configuration, smoothing of the output was achieved as a single wind power generation facility. However, with these configurations, although high-efficiency operation and short-term power fluctuation smoothing can be achieved as a single wind power generation equipment, there are problems that cannot supply and maintain self-owned power generation power systems combined with other multiple power generation equipment and load equipment, and isolated islands. The power corresponding to the load required by the independent power supply system, etc., or the problem that the power balance of the entire power system cannot be realized.

In addition, when a variable-speed generator with an accumulator wheel is used, driving power is often lost, and there is a problem of poor economy.

但也有在各个发电设备上设置平滑装置会导致设备过量的问题。In addition, when a system having a plurality of power generating facilities is adopted, fluctuations among power sources may be supplemented to alleviate overall fluctuations (generally, when the number of wind power generating facilities is n, the power fluctuation is

However, there is also a problem that installing a smoothing device on each power generation device will lead to excessive equipment.

In addition to the method described in Patent Document 1, a method using power storage devices such as batteries and capacitors can also be used, but these methods have problems such as high equipment cost, short life, high maintenance costs for performance maintenance, and difficulty in securing installation space. .

(3) Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost power supply system that can maintain the balance of supply and demand in the power supply system, and can suppress the fluctuation range in the power supply system and maintain a balanced state in response to natural energy fluctuations and sudden load fluctuations. Power equipment, power systems, power equipment systems, and power systems.

The power supply equipment of the present invention supplies electric power to an electric power system, and includes: a first power generating equipment with output fluctuation; A part or all of the second power generation equipment is constituted by a dual power supply synchronous machine with a variable-frequency excitation power supply, thereby absorbing and supplementing electric power according to the output fluctuation of the first power generation equipment, and supplying power to the power system Equalization of supplied electric power.

Because the power supply equipment of the present invention is a power supply equipment for supplying electric power to a power system, it includes: a first power generation equipment with output fluctuation; , is characterized in that a part or all of the second power generation equipment is constituted by a dual power supply synchronous machine with a variable-frequency excitation power supply, so that electric power is absorbed and supplemented according to output fluctuations of the first power generation equipment, and power is supplied to The balance of the power supplied by the power system can maintain the balance of supply and demand in the power system, and can suppress the fluctuation range in the power system and maintain a balanced state in response to natural energy fluctuations and sudden load fluctuations. power supply equipment.

(4) Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a power supply device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the power supply device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of an independent power supply system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a power supply system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a power system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of a power system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

(Symbol Description)

1, 2, 10 power generation equipment 3 prime mover

4 generator 5 variable frequency converter

6 bus bar 7 connection circuit breaker

8 Power supply equipment 9 Power system

11 load machine 12 independent power supply system

13 Power supply system 14, 18 Communication equipment

15 power generation equipment 16 power generation equipment group

17 Central Power Supply Command Office

(5) specific implementation

Implementation form 1:

Next, the structure of the power supply unit 8 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. As shown in FIG. 1 , two power generation facilities 1 and 2 are installed. The power generation facility 1 is a power generation facility that utilizes natural energy such as wind power and sunlight, and thus has the advantage of reducing carbon dioxide as described above, but has the property of being accompanied by output fluctuations due to weather conditions. The power generation facility 2 operates as a base power supply for electric power supply, and is constituted by a dual-feed synchronous machine power generation facility (AC excitation type power generation facility). As shown in Fig. 1, the power generation equipment 2 has: a prime mover 3 composed of a diesel engine, a gas engine, a water turbine, etc., which supplies basic power; a generator 4 driven by the prime mover 3; a variable frequency conversion for the excitation generator 4 Device (or variable frequency power supply) 5. Outputs of the power generation facilities 1 and 2 are connected to a bus bar 6 and also connected to a power system 9 through a connecting circuit breaker 7 .

The power supply facility 8 is a power supply facility including a composite power generation facility constituted by each device represented by reference numerals 1 to 7 as described above. In addition, the actual power supply equipment 8 is provided with a circuit breaker for connecting the power generation equipment 1 and 2 to the bus bar 6, a transformer for adjusting the voltage level, etc., but the illustration of the equipment not directly related to the present invention is omitted here. indications and explanations.

The operation will be described below. The power generation equipment 2 composed of dual power supply synchronous generator equipment used as the basic power supply for power supply has been mainly used in pumping power generation systems in the past. In this state, it can also run at a speed other than the rated speed, so the output of the prime mover 3 will not be changed, and the power can be controlled to change at a high speed by using the inertial energy of the prime mover 3 and the generator 4 through excitation control. From the viewpoint of the operation of the electric power system 9 , the power supply device 8 is required to supply predetermined electric power. In response to this requirement, if the output of the first power generation facility 1 is constant, as shown in part (1) of FIG.

However, when the power generation equipment 1 is a power generation equipment using natural energy such as wind power and sunlight, it is the most economical operation as the power supply equipment 8 to use it without limiting its output, and when there is a power generation equipment using fossil fuel as fuel, it can Effectively reduce CO ₂ and protect the environment. For this reason, it is necessary to use the highest output at that moment according to the weather conditions, but its output always fluctuates. In the present invention, since the power generating equipment 2 composed of double power supply synchronous generator equipment is arranged side by side with the power generating equipment 1, it can be controlled by using the excitation energy of the prime mover 3 and the generator 4 for short-period fluctuations. ((2) part of Fig. 2), can be controlled by the prime mover ((3) part of Fig. 2) for relatively slow fluctuation, can absorb or supplement electric power by the prime mover 3 of generating equipment 2 according to the fluctuation part, so can suppress from It is possible to maintain a predetermined value while changing the electric power supplied from the circuit breaker 7 for connection to the power system 9 . Of course, when the demanded power from the power system 9 changes, it can be adjusted to a predetermined output by the prime mover control of the power generation facility 2 . In addition, in actual operation, short-period fluctuations and relatively slow fluctuations are always overlapped, but are shown separately in FIG. 2 to clarify the operation.

As described above, by applying a part or all of the power generation equipment including the power generation equipment 1 whose output fluctuates due to the utilization of natural energy to the dual-feed synchronous generator equipment, electric power is absorbed and processed according to the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 1. In addition, it is possible to reduce the influence of fluctuations in the power of the power generation facility 1 on the power system, so that power with little fluctuation and meeting requirements can be supplied to the power system 9 . With the power supply equipment thus constituted, even if the power generation equipment with fluctuations is included, the fluctuation does not affect the power system, so there is no restriction from the power system 9, and the installation of the power generation equipment 1 can be facilitated. In addition, the equalization is carried out by using the power generation equipment 2 itself which is required as the basic power supply, and there is no need to install energy storage wheel equipment, secondary battery equipment, etc., so it is better in terms of economy, maintenance, and space saving.

In addition, for convenience of description, in FIG. 1 , only the power generating equipment 1 and the power generating equipment 2 are constituted, but the actual power supply equipment is composed of a plurality of power supply equipment. At this time, it is not necessary to apply the power generation equipment 2 composed of the double-feed synchronous generator equipment to all the power generation equipment having the prime mover, and it is only necessary to apply the double power supply to the part of the power generation equipment with a capacity corresponding to the output fluctuation of the power supply equipment 1 that fluctuates. Synchronous generators may be used (the same applies to Embodiments 2 to 5 to be described later).

Implementation form 2:

Fig. 3 shows the configuration of an independent power supply system 12 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 , a power generation facility 10 and a power generation facility 2 are provided. The power generation facility 10 is a general power generation facility having a prime mover such as a diesel engine, a gas engine, or a hydraulic power, and is not a configuration capable of rapidly changing output power like the power generation facility 2 . Reference numerals 1 to 6 are the same as those in Embodiment 1 above, so description thereof will be omitted here. In this embodiment, load devices 11 consuming electric power, such as lamps, heaters, and air conditioners, are connected to the bus bar 6 .

In the first embodiment described above, the case of being connected to the electric power system 9 was described, but as shown in FIG. 3 , for example, there are cases such as isolated islands not connected to the electric power system. In such an independent power supply system 12 with a load device 11 not connected to the power system, by adding a power generation device 2 composed of a double-feed synchronous generator device, the short-cycle load fluctuation of the load device 11 and the power generation device 1 The output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 2 can absorb or supplement electric power through the excitation control of the power generation equipment 2, and for the load fluctuation of the relatively slow load machine 11 and the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 1, through the control of the prime mover 3 of the power generation equipment 2, Since electric power can be absorbed or supplemented, the frequency variation in the independent power supply system 12 can be suppressed, and the power quality of the independent power supply system 12 can be improved.

The output change of the power generation facility 2 when the load device 11 fluctuates in load, and the output of the power supply facility in FIG. The output situation of the power generation facility 1 of 2 is the same as the output situation of the power generation facility 2 when the value obtained by adding the fluctuation of the load equipment 11 to the power generation facility 1 is the same. In addition, the above is for simplification, and only the suppression of load fluctuations has been described, but the same effect can be obtained when the power generation equipment 10 includes a natural energy source whose output fluctuates, and the fluctuations overlap with the load fluctuations.

As described above, in this embodiment, there is no need to add other equipment such as energy storage wheel equipment and secondary battery equipment that were necessary in the past, and by applying a part or all of the basic power generation equipment 2 power generation equipment 2, thereby suppressing frequency fluctuations in the power supply system, improving the power quality of the independent power supply system 12, which is better in terms of economy, maintenance, and space saving, and even in an independent power supply system that is easily affected by output fluctuations, It is also possible to promote the installation of power generation facilities utilizing natural energy whose output fluctuates.

Implementation form 3:

Fig. 4 shows the configuration of a power supply system 13 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4 , the power supply equipment system 13 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of power supply equipment (power generation equipment 1, power generation equipment 10, and power generation equipment 2) and load equipment 11, and is connected to the power system 9 through a connecting circuit breaker 7. Power supply equipment systems such as home-use power generation equipment. Since the other configurations are the same as those in the above-mentioned first or second embodiment, the same reference numerals are used here, and their descriptions are omitted.

In the above-mentioned second embodiment, the case of the independent power supply system 12 not connected to the electric power system 9 having the power generating equipment 1, 2, 10 and the load equipment 11 has been described, but in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , in the power supply equipment system 13 connected to the power system 9 through the circuit breaker 7 for connection, by adding the power generation equipment 2 composed of a double-feed synchronous generator equipment, the load fluctuation of the load machine 11 and the power generation equipment 1 in a short cycle The output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 2 can absorb or supplement electric power through the excitation control of the power generation equipment 2, and for the load fluctuation of the relatively slow load machine 11 and the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 1, through the control of the prime mover 3 of the power generation equipment 2, The power can be absorbed or supplemented, so the power transferred through the circuit breaker 7 and the power system 9 can be maintained at a certain level. At the same time, when a fault occurs on the side of the power system 9, the circuit breaker 7 for connection is opened, and the following bus 6 becomes an independent power supply. The power quality in the power supply system 13 can also be maintained during the system. The output change of the power generation facility 2 in each state is the same as that in the first and second embodiments. That is, the power generating equipment 2 constituted by a double-feeding synchronous generator equipment absorbs or supplements electric power according to the output fluctuation of the power generating equipment 1 and the load fluctuation of the load equipment 11, so when it is connected to the power system 9, the power generating equipment 1 can be The fluctuation of the connection point power flow (Japanese: flow) caused by the output fluctuation and the load fluctuation of the load equipment 11 is maintained within the allowable range, and the output fluctuation and load of the power generation equipment 1 can be reduced when the power system 9 is disconnected from the power system 9 for independent system operation. Frequency fluctuation in the power supply system due to load fluctuation of the equipment 11.

As described above, in this embodiment, there is no need to add other equipment such as energy storage wheel power generation equipment and secondary battery equipment that were necessary in the past, and by applying a part or all of the basic power generation equipment to dual-feed synchronous machine power generation equipment, that is, The second power generation equipment 2 can smooth the power delivered to the power system 9 and maintain the specified value of the delivered power, and can also maintain the power quality in the independent power supply system when transferring to the independent power supply system.

Implementation form 4:

The above Embodiments 1 to 3 have described the configurations of the power supply equipment in which a plurality of power generation equipment and load equipment are integrated, the independent power supply system, and the power generation equipment 2 composed of dual power supply synchronous generator equipment added to the power supply system, but In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 , a case in which power generation equipment 1 with fluctuating output is installed in a plurality of locations in electric power system 9 (only one location is simplified in FIG. 5 ) will be described. In this case, a case where a power generation facility 2 constituted by a double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility is added in order to equalize output fluctuations of these power generation facilities 1 will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, a load machine 11, a power generation facility 1 utilizing natural energy, a power generation facility 10 having a prime mover such as a general diesel engine, etc. are connected to the power system 9. The power generation equipment 2. The dotted line in FIG. 5 represents the communication device 14 . The communication device 14 is a communication device such as a power line communication (PLC) for transmitting a signal indicating an output value of the power generating device 1 to the variable frequency converter 5 of the power generating device 2 .

As an operation, the output of the power generation device 2 constituted by the double-feed synchronous machine power generation device is changed according to the signal indicating the output fluctuation of the power generation device 1 given through the communication device 14, thereby the output of the power generation device 1 and the output of the power generation device 2 are changed. The sum of is maintained within the allowable range or specified value, which is the same as that in Figure 2.

In general, power generation facilities 1 utilizing natural energy are often located in remote places in terms of layout conditions, and may be scattered or may not be able to implement the configurations of Embodiments 1 to 3. In this case, it is economical to install the power generating equipment 2 with the capacity corresponding to the electric power fluctuation of these power generating equipment 1 in the place where it can be installed, and generally, concentrating a plurality of them has a smaller capacity than absorbing and supplementing them individually. , Reduce the number of sets and other advantages. In addition, the power generating equipment 2 constituted by the double-feeding synchronous machine power generating equipment may be arranged in one place collectively, or may be distributed in multiple places, and the same effect can be obtained.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the power generation facility 2 constituted by the double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility absorbs and supplements electric power based on the signal indicating the output fluctuation of the power generation facility 1 given through the communication device 14, thereby making it possible to The sum of the output of the power generation facility 1 and the output of the power generation facility 2 is maintained within an allowable range or a predetermined value.

Implementation form 5:

Generally, the supply and demand control of the power system is carried out by giving output command values to each power station or generator from the central power supply command. In the past, power companies or self-owned power generation equipment with relatively large capacity were the main power supply sources. In this application, there is no question. However, with the increase of distributed power supply equipment such as power generation equipment using natural energy and combined heat and power, the power generated by these power generation equipment cannot be ignored, and must be included in supply and demand control. At this time, the capacity of each of these distributed power sources is small and the number is large, so it is difficult to give direct command values to all power generation equipment from the central power supply command to control, and it is also difficult to operate the output fluctuations of the power generation equipment considering output fluctuations. Embodiment 5 is a technique for solving this problem.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of power generation facilities 15 are installed. This power generation facility 15 is the power generation facility 1, 2, or 10 shown in Embodiments 1 to 4 above. These power generation facilities 15 are collected to form a power generation facility group 16 . The power generation facility group 16 has the configuration shown in FIG. 5 above in which these power generation facilities 15 are gathered. Each power generation facility group 16 is connected to a remote central power supply command site 17 via a communication device 18 . The communication device 18 transmits the command value from the central power supply command unit 17 to each power generation facility group 16 .

The power generation equipment 15 is a power generation equipment utilizing various energies including the power generation equipment 1 whose output fluctuates, wherein the power generation equipment 2 composed of a double-feeding synchronous machine power generation equipment having a capacity corresponding to the fluctuating capacity is supplied from the central power supply command The station 17 gives commands to the power plant 2 via the communication device 18 . The power generation equipment 2 controls the prime mover 3 according to the command value so that the generated power of the power generation equipment group 16 complies with the command value, and at the same time, absorbs or supplements the power generated by the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 1 through excitation control and prime mover control, thereby realizing power generation. of smoothing.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the electric power system is divided or a plurality of power generating devices are collected to construct the power generating device group 16 as a control unit. The power generation equipment 2 composed of dual power supply synchronous generators with frequency-variable excitation power supply can smooth the power in units of power generation equipment groups. The power equalization of the system can ensure the power quality of the entire power system.

In addition, this power generation facility group 16 may include only centralized and distributed power sources, or may include large-capacity power generation facilities. In addition, the power generation facility group 16 can be set in an easy-to-operate unit such as geographically, system configuration, or total capacity. In addition, the case of controlling the prime mover 3 of the power generation facility 2 according to the command from the central power supply command office 17 has been described, but it is also possible to control the prime mover 10 of the power generation facility 16 and install it in the command area in the power generation facility group 16 The command device for the output of each power generation device adjusts the prime mover of each power generation device according to the command value.

In Embodiments 1 to 5 above, the case where there are no other power storage facilities has been described, but the same effect can be exhibited even when these facilities are present, and there is also an advantage that the capacity of these facilities can be reduced. In addition, here, dual-feed synchronous generator equipment is described as a power supply device that suppresses fluctuations. However, when equipment without a prime mover is used, huge equipment is required to realize long-term supply. However, if power such as storage batteries can be stored Devices that are controlled at high speed have the same effect.

In addition, in the above-mentioned Embodiments 1 to 5, as an example of a power generation facility accompanied by fluctuations in output, a facility that utilizes natural energy for power generation has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the present invention is applicable to all power generation facilities accompanied by fluctuations in output. .

Claims (5)

1, a kind of power-supply device to the electric power system supply capability, comprising: the 1st generating equipment that is attended by the output change; And described relatively the 1st generating equipment is set up in parallel, the 2nd generating equipment of the fundamental power supply action supplied with as electric power, it is characterized in that,

Constitute part or all of described the 2nd generating equipment by the dual power supply synchronous motor of field power supply with variable frequency, thereby carry out the absorption of electric power and replenish according to the output of described the 1st generating equipment change, carry out the equalization of the electric power supplied with to described electric power system.

2, a kind of power-supply system comprises: power-supply device has the 2nd generating equipment of the fundamental power supply action that the 1st generating equipment and described relatively the 1st generating equipment that are attended by output change be set up in parallel, supply with as electric power; Consume the load machine of electric power; And be connected with the described the 1st and the 2nd generating equipment with described load machine, to the controller switching equipment of described load machine supply power, it is characterized in that,

Constitute part or all of described the 2nd generating equipment by the dual power supply synchronous motor of field power supply with variable frequency, thereby carry out the absorption of electric power and replenish according to the load change of the output change of described the 1st generating equipment and load machine, suppress the frequency variation in the described electric power system.

3, a kind of power-supply device system is connected with electric power system, comprising: power-supply device has the 2nd generating equipment of the fundamental power supply action that the 1st generating equipment and described relatively the 1st generating equipment that are attended by the output change be set up in parallel, supply with as electric power; Consume the load machine of electric power; And be connected with the described the 1st and the 2nd generating equipment with described load machine, to the controller switching equipment of described load machine supply power, it is characterized in that,

Constitute part or all of described the 2nd generating equipment by the dual power supply synchronous motor of field power supply with variable frequency, thereby carry out the absorption of electric power and replenish according to the load change of the output change of described the 1st generating equipment and load machine, tie point trend change equalization so that system is connected, and suppress to disconnect and frequency variation in the electric power system when carrying out the separate payment running from electric power system.

4, a kind of electric power system comprises: power-supply device has the 2nd generating equipment of the fundamental power supply action that the 1st generating equipment and described relatively the 1st generating equipment that are attended by output change be set up in parallel, supply with as electric power; And the signal that will represent the output valve of described the 1st generating equipment sends to the communication equipment of described the 2nd generating equipment, it is characterized in that,

Constitute part or all of described the 2nd generating equipment by the dual power supply synchronous motor of field power supply with variable frequency, and described the 2nd generating equipment is according to the described signal that receives by described communication equipment, maintain in the tolerance band output summation of described the 1st generating equipment and described the 2nd generating equipment or certain value, carry out the equalization of electric power.

5, a kind of electric power system, it is characterized in that, whole electric power system is divided into the generating equipment group who is made of the described generating equipment of claim 4, by carrying out the equalization of described electric power, thereby realizes the electric power equalization of whole electric power system described each generating equipment group.

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