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JP2006320080A - Power supply facility, power supply system, power supply facility system, and power system - Google Patents

Power supply facility, power supply system, power supply facility system, and power system Download PDF

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JP2006320080A
JP2006320080A JP2005138745A JP2005138745A JP2006320080A JP 2006320080 A JP2006320080 A JP 2006320080A JP 2005138745 A JP2005138745 A JP 2005138745A JP 2005138745 A JP2005138745 A JP 2005138745A JP 2006320080 A JP2006320080 A JP 2006320080A
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power
power generation
generation facility
facility
power supply
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Masaru Shimomura
勝 下村
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Abstract

【課題】電源系統内での需給状態を平衡に維持し、自然エネルギーの変動や急激な負荷変動に対しても電源系統内の変動幅を抑制し平衡状態を維持する。
【解決手段】風力や太陽光等の自然エネルギーを利用した発電を行う出力変動を伴う発電設備1と、発電設備1に対して並列に設けられ、ディーゼルエンジン、ガスエンジン、水力等の電力供給のベース電源として動作する発電設備2とを備え、電力系統9に電力を供給する電源設備8であって、発電設備2を可変周波数の励磁電源である可変周波数変換器5を有する二重給電同期機から構成する。これにより、短い周期の変動に対しては原動機3と発電機4とが有する慣性エネルギーを利用した励磁制御により、一方、比較的ゆっくりした変動に対しては原動機制御により、変動分に応じて、発電設備2により電力を吸収あるいは補充して、電力系統9に供給する電力の平準化を行う。
【選択図】図1
An object of the present invention is to maintain a supply and demand state in a power supply system in a balanced manner, and to maintain a balanced state by suppressing a fluctuation range in the power supply system with respect to fluctuations in natural energy and sudden load fluctuations.
A power generation facility with output fluctuation that generates power using natural energy such as wind power and solar power, and a power generation facility that is provided in parallel to the power generation facility and supplies power such as a diesel engine, a gas engine, and hydropower. A power supply facility 8 that includes a power generation facility 2 that operates as a base power supply and supplies power to an electric power system 9, and includes a variable frequency converter 5 that is a variable frequency excitation power source. Consists of. Thus, according to the fluctuation by the excitation control using the inertial energy of the prime mover 3 and the generator 4 for short cycle fluctuations, while by the prime mover control for relatively slow fluctuations, Electric power is absorbed or supplemented by the power generation facility 2 to level the power supplied to the power system 9.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

この発明は電源設備、電源系統、電源設備系統、および、電力系統に関し、特に、風力や太陽光等の出力変動を伴う発電設備を有する電源設備、電源系統、電源設備系統、および、電力系統に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a power supply facility, a power supply system, a power supply facility system, and a power system, and more particularly, to a power supply facility, a power supply system, a power supply facility system, and a power system having a power generation facility with output fluctuation such as wind power and solar power. Is.

太陽光や風力などの自然エネルギーを利用して発電を行う場合、自然エネルギーは気象状況等により出力が変動する。そのため、変動した電力により、系統連系点での電力変動が系統接続条件を越えてしまうという問題をもたらす。さらに、自然エネルギー電源の規模が大きくなって変動電力が大きくなると、系統全体の周波数変動の問題も起こってくる。そのため、変動した電力は平滑化することが望まれる。   When power is generated using natural energy such as sunlight or wind power, the output of natural energy varies depending on weather conditions. For this reason, the fluctuating power causes a problem that the power fluctuation at the grid connection point exceeds the grid connection condition. Furthermore, when the scale of the natural energy power source increases and the fluctuating power increases, the problem of frequency fluctuation of the entire system also arises. Therefore, it is desirable to smooth the fluctuating power.

この種の自然エネルギーを利用した従来の発電設備においては、高繰り返し充放電可能なフライホイール付き可変速発電機を設置して、系統または負荷に送る電力の平滑化を行っている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。   In conventional power generation equipment using this type of natural energy, a variable speed generator with a flywheel capable of high charge / discharge is installed to smooth the power sent to the system or load (for example, patents) Reference 1).

特開2002−285949号公報(特に、請求項3)JP 2002-285949 A (particularly, claim 3)

地球温暖化防止のための二酸化炭素CO削減を目的に、風力や太陽光等の自然エネルギーを用いた発電設備の導入が期待されている。しかしながら、これらの発電設備は気象状況によりその出力が変化してしまうという問題がある。従って、そのような発電設備が増加してくると、その電力変動により電力系統全体の電力品質が低下してくるため、これらの出力変動を伴う発電設備の設置は制限されている。このため、特許文献1に記載の従来の風力発電設備では上述のような構成とすることにより、風力発電設備単体として出力の平滑化が図られてきた。しかしながら、これらの構成では風力発電設備単体として高効率運転および短時間電力変動の平滑化は実現できるが、他の複数の発電設備や負荷機器と組み合わせた自家発電電源系統や、離島等の独立電源系統の場合において要求される負荷に応じた電力を供給および維持することや、或いは電力系統全体の電力平準化を図ることはできないという問題点があった。 For the purpose of reducing carbon dioxide CO 2 to prevent global warming, the introduction of power generation facilities using natural energy such as wind power and sunlight is expected. However, these power generation facilities have a problem that their output changes depending on weather conditions. Therefore, as the number of such power generation facilities increases, the power quality of the entire power system deteriorates due to the power fluctuation, and therefore installation of the power generation equipment with these output fluctuations is limited. For this reason, in the conventional wind power generation facility described in Patent Literature 1, the output is smoothed as a single wind power generation facility by adopting the above-described configuration. However, these configurations can achieve high-efficiency operation and short-term power fluctuation smoothness as a single wind power generation facility, but it is also possible to use a private power generation system combined with other multiple power generation facilities and load devices, or an independent power source such as a remote island. There has been a problem that it is impossible to supply and maintain electric power according to the required load in the case of the grid, or to achieve power leveling of the entire power grid.

また、フライホール付き可変速発電機の場合は、駆動電力が常時損失となり、経済性が悪いという問題点があった。   Further, in the case of a variable speed generator with a flyhole, there is a problem in that driving power is always lost, resulting in poor economic efficiency.

また、複数の発電設備がある系統の場合は、電源間で変動を補完して全体としての変動が緩和される場合があり(一般的に風力発電設備台数をn台とすると電力変動は1/√nといわれている)、個々の発電設備に平滑装置を設けるのは過剰な設備となってしまうという問題点もあった。   In addition, in the case of a system having a plurality of power generation facilities, fluctuations between power sources may be supplemented to alleviate fluctuations as a whole (generally, if the number of wind power generation facilities is n, power fluctuations are 1 / There is also a problem that providing a smoothing device for each power generation facility results in excessive facilities.

特許文献1に記載の方式以外でも、蓄電池、コンデンサ等の電力貯蔵機器を用いた方式も適用されているが、それらはいずれも高価であると共に、寿命が短く、性能維持のための保守費用がかかったり、設置スペースを確保するのが難しい等の問題点があった。   In addition to the method described in Patent Document 1, a method using a power storage device such as a storage battery or a capacitor is also applied, but they are all expensive, have a short life, and have a maintenance cost for maintaining performance. There was a problem that it was difficult to secure the installation space.

この発明はかかる問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、電源系統内での需給状態を平衡に維持できると共に、自然エネルギーの変動や急激な負荷変動に対しても電源系統内の変動幅を抑制し平衡状態を維持できる安価な電源設備、電源系統、電源設備系統、および、電力系統を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and can maintain the supply and demand state in the power supply system in a balanced state, and also the fluctuation range in the power supply system with respect to natural energy fluctuations and sudden load fluctuations. It is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive power supply facility, power supply system, power supply facility system, and power system that can suppress the above-mentioned and maintain an equilibrium state.

この発明は、自然エネルギーを利用した発電を行う出力変動を伴う第1の発電設備と、前記第1の発電設備に対して並列に設けられ、電力供給のベース電源として動作する第2の発電設備とを備えた電力系統に電力を供給する電源設備であって、前記第2の発電設備の一部或いは全部を可変周波数の励磁電源を有する二重給電同期機から構成することにより、前記第1の発電設備の出力変動に応じて電力の吸収および補充を行って、前記電力系統に供給する電力の平準化を行うことを特徴とする電源設備である。   The present invention relates to a first power generation facility with output fluctuation that performs power generation using natural energy, and a second power generation facility that is provided in parallel to the first power generation facility and operates as a base power source for power supply. A power supply facility that supplies power to a power system comprising: a first or second power generation facility comprising a double-feed synchronous machine having a variable frequency excitation power supply, wherein a part or all of the second power generation facility is configured as the first power supply facility. The power supply equipment is characterized by leveling the power supplied to the power system by absorbing and supplementing the power according to the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment.

この発明は、自然エネルギーを利用した発電を行う出力変動を伴う第1の発電設備と、前記第1の発電設備に対して並列に設けられ、電力供給のベース電源として動作する第2の発電設備とを備えた電力系統に電力を供給する電源設備であって、前記第2の発電設備の一部或いは全部を可変周波数の励磁電源を有する二重給電同期機から構成することにより、前記第1の発電設備の出力変動に応じて電力の吸収および補充を行って、前記電力系統に供給する電力の平準化を行うことを特徴とする電源設備であるので、電源系統内での需給状態を平衡に維持できると共に、自然エネルギーの変動や急激な負荷変動に対しても電源系統内の変動幅を抑制し平衡状態を維持できる安価な電源設備を得ることができる。   The present invention relates to a first power generation facility with output fluctuation that performs power generation using natural energy, and a second power generation facility that is provided in parallel to the first power generation facility and operates as a base power source for power supply. A power supply facility that supplies power to a power system comprising: a first or second power generation facility comprising a double-feed synchronous machine having a variable frequency excitation power supply, wherein a part or all of the second power generation facility is configured as the first power supply facility. The power supply equipment is characterized by leveling the power supplied to the power system by absorbing and supplementing the power according to the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment, so that the supply and demand state in the power supply system is balanced. In addition, it is possible to obtain an inexpensive power supply facility that can maintain the equilibrium state by suppressing the fluctuation range in the power supply system against fluctuations in natural energy and sudden load fluctuations.

実施の形態1.
以下、この発明の実施の形態1に係る電源設備8の構成を図1に基づいて説明する。図1に示すように、2つの発電設備1および2が設けられている。発電設備1は、例えば風力や太陽光等の自然エネルギーを利用した発電設備であるため、上述したように、二酸化炭素削減を図れるという利点があるものの、気象状況による出力変動を伴うという性質を有している。発電設備2は、電力供給のベース電源として動作するもので、二重給電同期機発電設備(交流励磁形発電設備)から構成されている。発電設備2には、図1に示すように、ディーゼルエンジン、ガスエンジン、水車等から構成されてベースとなる電力を供給するための原動機3と、原動機3により駆動される発電機4と、発電機4を励磁するための可変周波数変換器(あるいは、可変周波数電源)5とを有している。発電設備1,2の出力は母線6に接続されるとともに、連系用遮断器7を介して電力系統9に接続されている。
Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, the configuration of the power supply facility 8 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, two power generation facilities 1 and 2 are provided. Since the power generation facility 1 is a power generation facility that uses natural energy such as wind power or solar light, for example, it has the advantage of reducing carbon dioxide as described above, but has the property of accompanying output fluctuations due to weather conditions. is doing. The power generation facility 2 operates as a base power source for power supply, and is composed of a double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility (AC excitation type power generation facility). As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation facility 2 includes a prime mover 3 that is configured by a diesel engine, a gas engine, a water turbine, and the like to supply electric power serving as a base, a generator 4 that is driven by the prime mover 3, And a variable frequency converter (or a variable frequency power source) 5 for exciting the machine 4. The outputs of the power generation facilities 1 and 2 are connected to the bus 6 and connected to the power system 9 via the interconnection breaker 7.

電源設備8は、以上説明した符号1〜7で示される各機器で構成される複合の発電設備を有する電源設備である。なお、発電設備1,2のそれぞれを母線6に接続するための遮断器や、電圧レベルを合せるための変圧器等が実際の電源設備8には設けられているが、ここでは、この発明に直接関係しない機器は図示および説明を省略している。   The power supply facility 8 is a power supply facility having a composite power generation facility constituted by each device indicated by reference numerals 1 to 7 described above. The actual power supply facility 8 includes a circuit breaker for connecting each of the power generation facilities 1 and 2 to the bus 6 and a transformer for adjusting the voltage level. Illustrations and descriptions of devices not directly related are omitted.

次に、動作について説明する。電力供給のベース電源として適用される二重給電同期機発電設備から構成される発電設備2は、これまで主に揚水発電システムに適用されており、例えば、特公平6−34630号公報に説明されている通り、電力系統9に接続した状態でも、定格以外の回転数で運転可能であるため、原動機3の出力を変化させることなく、原動機3と発電機4とが有する慣性エネルギーを利用して励磁制御により高速に電力を変化させるように制御することが可能である。電源設備8に対しては電力系統9の運用上から所定の電力を供給することが要求される。この要求に対し、第1の発電設備1の出力が一定であれば、図2の(1)部分のように、発電設備2と分担することにより、電源設備8から電力系統9に所定の電力を供給することができる。   Next, the operation will be described. The power generation facility 2 composed of a double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility applied as a base power source for power supply has been mainly applied to a pumped storage power generation system, and is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-34630. As shown, since it can be operated at a rotational speed other than the rated even when connected to the power system 9, the inertial energy of the prime mover 3 and the generator 4 is utilized without changing the output of the prime mover 3. It is possible to control power to change at high speed by excitation control. The power supply facility 8 is required to supply predetermined power from the operation of the power system 9. In response to this request, if the output of the first power generation facility 1 is constant, a predetermined power is supplied from the power supply facility 8 to the power system 9 by sharing with the power generation facility 2 as shown in part (1) of FIG. Can be supplied.

しかしながら、発電設備1が風力や太陽光等の自然エネルギーを用いた発電設備であった場合、この出力を制限することなく利用することが電源設備8としての最も経済的な運用となると共に、燃料に化石燃料を使用している発電設備がある場合は、CO削減の環境対策としても有効である。そのためには、気象状況に応じてその時点での最高出力を利用していくことが必要であるが、その出力は常に変動することとなる。この発明では、発電設備1と並列に、二重給電同期機発電設備から構成された発電設備2を設けたので、短い周期の変動に対しては原動機3と発電機4とが有する慣性エネルギーを利用した励磁制御(図2の(2)部分)により、また、比較的ゆっくりした変動に対しては原動機制御(図2の(3)部分)により、変動分に応じて、発電設備2の原動機3にて電力を吸収或いは補充することができるため、連系用遮断器7から電力系統9に供給する電力の変動を抑制すると共に、予め設定された所定値に維持することが出来る。当然、電力系統9からの要求電力が変化した場合は、発電設備2の原動機制御により所定出力に調整することが可能である。なお、実運用では短い周期の変動と比較的ゆっくりした変動は常時重畳した形で発生しているが、図2では挙動を明確にするために分けて図示した。 However, when the power generation facility 1 is a power generation facility using natural energy such as wind power or solar power, the use of this output without limitation is the most economical operation as the power supply facility 8, and the fuel If there is a power generation facility that uses fossil fuel, it is also effective as an environmental measure for CO 2 reduction. For that purpose, it is necessary to use the maximum output at that time according to the weather conditions, but the output always fluctuates. In the present invention, since the power generation equipment 2 constituted by the double-feed synchronous machine power generation equipment is provided in parallel with the power generation equipment 1, the inertial energy possessed by the prime mover 3 and the power generator 4 is applied to fluctuations of a short cycle. By the excitation control (part (2) in FIG. 2) used, and by the prime mover control (part (3) in FIG. 2) for relatively slow fluctuations, the prime mover of the power generation equipment 2 according to the fluctuations. 3 can absorb or replenish electric power, so that fluctuations in the electric power supplied from the interconnection breaker 7 to the electric power system 9 can be suppressed and maintained at a predetermined value set in advance. Naturally, when the required power from the power system 9 changes, it can be adjusted to a predetermined output by the motor control of the power generation facility 2. In actual operation, short cycle fluctuations and relatively slow fluctuations are always superimposed, but are shown separately in FIG. 2 to clarify the behavior.

以上のように、自然エネルギーを利用したために出力が変動する発電設備1を含む電源設備の発電設備の一部或いは全部に二重給電同期機発電設備を適用することにより、発電設備1の出力変動に応じて電力の吸収および補充を行って、発電設備1による電力の変動が電力系統に与える影響を低減することができるので、電力系統9に、変動が少なく、かつ、要求に合った電力を供給することができる。このような構成の電源設備とすることにより、変動を伴う発電設備1が含まれていても、電力系統に対しその変動の影響を与えないため、電力系統9からの制約無しに、発電設備1の設置を促進していくことが可能となる。また、ベース電源として必要な発電設備2そのものを利用しての平準化であり、フライホイール設備や二次電池設備等の設置が不要なため、経済性、保守性、省スペースに優れている。   As described above, by applying the double-feed synchronous machine power generation equipment to a part or all of the power generation equipment including the power generation equipment 1 whose output fluctuates due to the use of natural energy, the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 1 Power can be absorbed and replenished in accordance with the power supply system 1 to reduce the influence of power fluctuations by the power generation facility 1 on the power system. Can be supplied. By using the power supply equipment having such a configuration, even if the power generation equipment 1 with fluctuations is included, the power supply system 1 is not affected by the fluctuations. Can be promoted. Further, leveling is performed using the power generation equipment 2 itself necessary as a base power source, and it is not necessary to install flywheel equipment, secondary battery equipment, etc., which is excellent in economy, maintainability, and space saving.

なお、説明を簡単にするため、図1では、発電設備1と発電設備2だけの構成としたが、実際の電源設備においては、各々複数の電源設備で構成される。この場合、原動機を有する発電設備全てに二重給電同期機発電設備から構成される発電設備2を適用する必要はなく、出力が変動する電源設備1の出力変動に見合った容量に相当する発電設備分にのみ二重給電同期機発電設備を適用すれば良い(後述する実施の形態2〜5においても同様である)。   In addition, in order to simplify description, in FIG. 1, only the power generation facility 1 and the power generation facility 2 are configured. In this case, it is not necessary to apply the power generation equipment 2 composed of the double-feed synchronous machine power generation equipment to all the power generation equipment having the prime mover, and the power generation equipment corresponding to the capacity corresponding to the output fluctuation of the power supply equipment 1 whose output fluctuates. The double-feed synchronous machine power generation equipment may be applied only to the minute (the same applies to Embodiments 2 to 5 described later).

実施の形態2.
図3に、この発明の実施の形態2に係る独立電源系統12の構成を示す。図3に示すように、発電設備10と発電設備2とが設けられている。発電設備10は、一般的なディーゼルエンジン、ガスエンジン、水力等の原動機を有する発電設備であり、発電設備2のように高速に出力電力を変化させることができる構成ではない。符号1〜6は、上述の実施の形態1と同じであるため、ここでは説明を省略する。本実施の形態においては、母線6に、電灯、電熱、空調設備等の電力を消費する負荷機器11が接続されている。
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 3 shows the configuration of independent power supply system 12 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, a power generation facility 10 and a power generation facility 2 are provided. The power generation facility 10 is a power generation facility having a prime mover such as a general diesel engine, gas engine, or hydraulic power, and is not configured to change output power at a high speed like the power generation facility 2. Since reference numerals 1 to 6 are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted here. In the present embodiment, a load device 11 that consumes electric power such as a lamp, electric heat, and air conditioning equipment is connected to the bus 6.

上記実施の形態1では、電力系統9に接続する場合について述べたが、図3に示すように、例えば、電力系統と接続されない離島等のケースが存在する。このような電力系統に接続されずに負荷機器11を有する独立電源系統12においても、二重給電同期機発電設備から構成される発電設備2を付加することにより、短い周期の負荷機器11の負荷変動及び発電設備1の出力変動については、発電設備2の励磁制御により、また、比較的ゆっくりした負荷機器11の負荷変動及び発電設備1の出力変動については、発電設備2の原動機3の制御により、電力の吸収或いは補充が可能なため、独立電源系統12内の周波数の変動を抑制することができ、独立電源系統12の電力品質の向上が可能である。   In the first embodiment, the case of connecting to the power system 9 has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, there are cases such as remote islands that are not connected to the power system. Even in the independent power supply system 12 having the load device 11 without being connected to such a power system, the load of the load device 11 having a short cycle can be obtained by adding the power generation facility 2 composed of a double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility. Fluctuations and output fluctuations of the power generation equipment 1 are controlled by excitation control of the power generation equipment 2, and relatively slow load fluctuations of the load equipment 11 and output fluctuations of the power generation equipment 1 are controlled by the motor 3 of the power generation equipment 2. Since power can be absorbed or supplemented, fluctuations in the frequency in the independent power supply system 12 can be suppressed, and the power quality of the independent power supply system 12 can be improved.

負荷機器11の負荷変動が発生した時の発電設備2の出力の変化は、図2の電源設備出力を、発電設備1と発電設備10の出力の合計から負荷変動分を差し引いたものとし、図2の発電設備1の出力の動きを、発電設備1と負荷機器11の変動を加え合わせたものとした時の発電設備2の出力の動きと同じである。なお、以上は、挙動を単純化するため、負荷変動のみの抑制について述べたが、発電設備10に出力が変動する自然エネルギー電源が含まれて、この変動が負荷変動に重畳された場合も同様の効果が期待できる。   The change in the output of the power generation facility 2 when the load fluctuation of the load device 11 occurs is assumed that the output of the power supply facility in FIG. 2 is subtracted from the total output of the power generation facility 1 and the power generation facility 10. The output movement of the power generation equipment 2 is the same as the output movement of the power generation equipment 2 when the fluctuations of the power generation equipment 1 and the load device 11 are added. In addition, in order to simplify the behavior, the above description has been made on the suppression of only the load fluctuation, but the same applies to the case where the power generation facility 10 includes a natural energy power source whose output fluctuates and this fluctuation is superimposed on the load fluctuation. Can be expected.

以上のように、本実施の形態においては、従来必要であった他のフライホイール設備や二次電池設備等の設備を付加することなく、ベースとなる発電設備の一部或いは全部に二重給電同期機発電設備である第2の発電設備2を適用することにより、電源系統内の周波数変動を抑制し、独立電源系統12の電力の品質向上が可能であり、経済性、保守性、省スペースに優れ、かつ、出力変動の影響を受けやすい独立電源系統であっても出力が変動する自然エネルギーを利用した発電設備の設置を促進することが可能となる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, double power feeding is applied to a part or all of the base power generation equipment without adding other flywheel equipment or secondary battery equipment, which has been necessary in the past. By applying the second power generation equipment 2 which is a synchronous machine power generation equipment, it is possible to suppress the frequency fluctuation in the power supply system and improve the power quality of the independent power supply system 12, and thus economical, maintainability and space saving. It is possible to promote the installation of power generation equipment using natural energy whose output fluctuates even if it is an independent power supply system that is excellent in output and susceptible to output fluctuations.

実施の形態3.
図4に、この発明の実施の形態3に係る電源設備系統13の構成を示す。図4に示すように、本実施の形態による電源設備系統13は、複数の電源設備(発電設備1、発電設備10、発電設備2)と負荷機器11とを有し、連系用遮断器7を介して電力系統9に接続される自家発電設備等のような電源設備系統を示す。他の構成については、上記の実施の形態1または2と同じであるため、ここでは同一符号を付して示し、説明を省略する。
Embodiment 3 FIG.
In FIG. 4, the structure of the power supply equipment system | strain 13 which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention is shown. As shown in FIG. 4, the power supply facility system 13 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of power supply facilities (power generation facility 1, power generation facility 10, power generation facility 2) and a load device 11, and includes an interconnection breaker 7. 1 shows a power supply facility system such as a private power generation facility connected to the power system 9 via. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first or second embodiment, the same reference numerals are given here, and description thereof is omitted.

上記実施の形態2では、発電設備1,2,10と負荷機器11とを有する電力系統9に接続されない独立電源系統12の場合について述べたが、本実施の形態においては、図4に示すように、連系用遮断器7により電力系統9と接続された電源設備系統13において、二重給電同期機発電設備から構成される発電設備2を付加することにより、短い周期の負荷機器11の負荷変動及び発電設備1の出力変動については発電設備2の励磁制御により、また、比較的ゆっくりした負荷機器11の負荷変動及び発電設備1の出力変動については発電設備2の原動機3の制御により、電力の吸収或いは補充が可能なため、遮断器7を介して電力系統9と授受する電力を一定に維持することができると共に、電力系統9側での故障等の発生により連系用遮断器7が開放されて母線6以下が独立電源系統となった場合においても、電源設備系統13内の電力品質の維持が可能である。それぞれの状態における発電設備2の出力の変化は、実施の形態1及び実施の形態2の場合と同様である。すなわち、二重給電同期機発電設備から構成される発電設備2が発電設備1の出力変動及び負荷機器11の負荷変動に応じて電力の吸収または補充を行うので、電力系統9との連系時は、発電設備1の出力変動及び負荷機器11の負荷変動による連系点潮流の変動を許容範囲に維持し、電力系統9から切り離された単独系統運転時は発電設備1の出力変動及び負荷機器11の負荷変動による電源系統内の周波数変動を低減することができる。   In the second embodiment, the case of the independent power supply system 12 not connected to the power system 9 having the power generation facilities 1, 2, 10 and the load device 11 has been described. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. In addition, in the power supply facility system 13 connected to the power system 9 by the interconnection circuit breaker 7, the load of the load device 11 having a short cycle can be obtained by adding the power generation facility 2 composed of the double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility. The fluctuation and the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 1 are controlled by the excitation control of the power generation equipment 2, and the load fluctuation of the load equipment 11 and the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 1 are controlled by the motor 3 of the power generation equipment 2 for the relatively slow power fluctuation. Can be absorbed or replenished, so that the power exchanged with the power system 9 via the circuit breaker 7 can be kept constant, and the power system 9 can be connected due to the occurrence of a failure or the like on the power system 9 side. In the case where the cross-sectional unit 7 becomes open by bus 6 or less independent power supply system is also capable of maintaining the power quality of the power facility system 13. The change in the output of the power generation facility 2 in each state is the same as that in the first and second embodiments. That is, since the power generation facility 2 constituted by the double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility absorbs or replenishes power according to the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 1 and the load fluctuation of the load device 11, Keeps fluctuations in the tidal current due to fluctuations in the output of the power generation facility 1 and the load of the load equipment 11 within an allowable range, and when the single system is disconnected from the power system 9, the fluctuations in output of the power generation equipment 1 and the load equipment Thus, frequency fluctuations in the power supply system due to 11 load fluctuations can be reduced.

以上のように、本実施の形態においては、従来必要であった他のフライホイール発電設備や二次電池設備等の設備を付加することなく、ベースとなる発電設備の一部或いは全部に二重給電同期機発電設備である第2の発電設備2を適用することにより、電力系統9との授受電力の平滑化及び授受電力の所定値の維持ができると共に、独立電源系統移行時も、独立電源系統内の電力の品質維持が可能である。   As described above, in the present embodiment, a part of or all of the base power generation facilities are doubled without adding other flywheel power generation facilities and secondary battery facilities that have been conventionally required. By applying the second power generation equipment 2 which is a power supply synchronous machine power generation equipment, it is possible to smooth the transmission / reception power with the power system 9 and maintain a predetermined value of the transmission / reception power. It is possible to maintain the quality of power in the grid.

実施の形態4.
上記の実施の形態1〜3は、複数の発電設備と負荷機器とを一まとめとする電源設備、独立電源系統及び電源系統内に二重給電同期機発電設備から構成される発電設備2を付加する構成について述べたが、本実施の形態では、図5に示すように、電力系統9の中に、出力が変動する発電設備1が複数箇所(図5では、簡略化して1箇所のみ図示)設置されている場合について説明する。このような場合において、これらの発電設備1の出力変動を平準化するために、二重給電同期機発電設備から構成された発電設備2を付加した場合を説明する。
Embodiment 4 FIG.
In the above-described first to third embodiments, a power generation facility composed of a double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility is added to a power supply facility, an independent power supply system, and a power supply system in which a plurality of power generation facilities and load devices are combined. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the power generation equipment 1 with varying output is provided at a plurality of locations in the power system 9 (in FIG. 5, only one location is shown in a simplified manner). The case where it is installed will be described. In such a case, a case will be described in which a power generation facility 2 composed of a double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility is added in order to level the output fluctuations of these power generation facilities 1.

図5に示すように、本実施の形態においては、電力系統9に、負荷機器11と、自然エネルギーを用いた発電設備1と、一般的なディーゼルエンジン等の原動機を有する発電設備10と、二重給電同期機発電設備から構成される発電設備2とが接続されている。図5における破線は通信手段14を示している。通信手段14は、発電設備1の出力値を示す信号を発電設備2の可変周波数変換器5に送るための電力線通信(PLC)等から構成された通信手段である。   As shown in FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, a load system 11, a power generation facility 1 using natural energy, a power generation facility 10 having a prime mover such as a general diesel engine, A power generation facility 2 composed of a double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility is connected. A broken line in FIG. 5 indicates the communication means 14. The communication unit 14 is a communication unit configured by power line communication (PLC) or the like for sending a signal indicating the output value of the power generation facility 1 to the variable frequency converter 5 of the power generation facility 2.

動作としては、通信手段14を介して与えられた発電設備1の出力変動を示す信号に応じて、二重給電同期機発電設備から構成された発電設備2の出力を変化させることにより、発電設備1の出力と発電設備2の出力との総和を許容範囲或いは所定値に維持するもので、図2の動きと同様である。   As the operation, the power generation facility is changed by changing the output of the power generation facility 2 composed of the double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility according to the signal indicating the output fluctuation of the power generation facility 1 given through the communication means 14. The sum of the output of 1 and the output of the power generation facility 2 is maintained within an allowable range or a predetermined value, and is the same as the movement of FIG.

一般的に、自然エネルギーを利用した発電設備1は、立地条件から僻地が多く、分散して設置される場合、或いは、実施の形態1〜3の構成ができない場合がある。このような場合、これらの発電設備1の電力変動に対応した容量の発電設備2を設置可能な場所に設置すればよいこと、一般的に複数台をまとめた方が個々に吸収、補充制御を行うより小さな容量となること等により、経済性、設備台数の低減等が図れるメリットがある。なお、この二重給電同期機発電設備から構成される発電設備2は、1箇所に集中して配置しても、複数箇所に分散して配置しても、同様の効果が得られる。   In general, the power generation facility 1 using natural energy has many remote areas due to location conditions and may be installed in a distributed manner, or the configurations of Embodiments 1 to 3 may not be possible. In such a case, it is only necessary to install a power generation facility 2 having a capacity corresponding to the power fluctuation of these power generation facilities 1 in a place where it can be installed. There is a merit that the economy can be reduced and the number of facilities can be reduced due to the smaller capacity. Note that the same effect can be obtained even if the power generation equipment 2 composed of this double-feed synchronous machine power generation equipment is concentrated in one place or distributed in a plurality of places.

以上のように、本実施の形態によれば、通信手段14を介して与えられた発電設備1の出力変動を示す信号に応じて、二重給電同期機発電設備から構成された発電設備2が電力の吸収および補充を行うことにより、発電設備1の出力と発電設備2の出力との総和を許容範囲或いは所定値に維持することができる。   As mentioned above, according to this Embodiment, according to the signal which shows the output fluctuation of the power generation equipment 1 given via the communication means 14, the power generation equipment 2 comprised from the double electric power feeding synchronous machine power generation equipment is By absorbing and replenishing power, the sum of the output of the power generation facility 1 and the output of the power generation facility 2 can be maintained within an allowable range or a predetermined value.

実施の形態5.
一般的に中央給電指令所から各発電所或いは発電機に対して出力指令値を与えることにより、電力系統の需給制御が行われており、これまでは電力会社或いは比較的容量が大きい自家用発電設備が主たる電力供給源であり、この運用で問題はなかった。しかしながら、自然エネルギーを利用した発電設備、コジェネ等の分散電源設備が増加してくると、これらの発電設備による発生電力が無視できなくなり、需給制御の中に組み込んでいくことが必要となる。この場合、これらの個々の分散電源は容量が小さく、かつ、数が膨大で中央給電指令所から全ての発電設備に直接指令値を与えて制御することや、出力が変動する発電設備の出力変動を考慮した運用を行うことは困難である。本実施の形態5は、このような問題を解決するためのものである。
Embodiment 5. FIG.
Generally, supply and demand control of the power system is performed by giving an output command value to each power plant or generator from the central power supply command station. Until now, power companies or private power generation facilities with relatively large capacity Was the main power supply, and there were no problems in this operation. However, as power generation facilities using natural energy and distributed power generation facilities such as cogeneration increase, the power generated by these power generation facilities cannot be ignored and must be incorporated into supply and demand control. In this case, each of these distributed power sources has a small capacity and is very large in number and can be controlled by giving a command value directly from the central power supply command station to all power generation facilities, or output fluctuations of the power generation facilities where the output varies It is difficult to operate in consideration of The fifth embodiment is for solving such a problem.

本実施の形態においては、図6に示すように、複数の発電設備15が設けられている。この発電設備15は、上記の実施の形態1〜4で示した発電設備1,2または10である。これらの発電設備15をまとめた発電所群16が形成されている。発電所群16は、これらの発電設備15をまとめた上記の図5に示す構成を有している。各発電所群16は、遠隔地に設置された中央給電指令所17に通信手段18を介して接続されている。通信手段18は、各発電所群16への中央給電指令所17からの指令値を送信する。   In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of power generation facilities 15 are provided. The power generation facility 15 is the power generation facility 1, 2 or 10 shown in the first to fourth embodiments. A power plant group 16 in which these power generation facilities 15 are collected is formed. The power plant group 16 has the configuration shown in FIG. Each power plant group 16 is connected via a communication means 18 to a central power supply command station 17 installed at a remote location. The communication means 18 transmits the command value from the central power supply command station 17 to each power plant group 16.

発電設備15は、出力が変動する発電設備1を含む種々のエネルギーを利用した発電設備で、この中に、この変動容量に見合った容量の二重給電同期機発電設備からなる発電設備2を設け、この発電設備2に中央給電指令所17から通信手段18を介して指令を与える。発電設備2はこの指令値に基づいて、発電設備群16の発生電力が指令値に追従するように原動機3を制御する共に、出力が変動する発電設備1の変動分を励磁制御及び原動機制御により電力を吸収或いは補充することにより、電力の平滑化を計る。   The power generation facility 15 is a power generation facility using various energies including the power generation facility 1 whose output varies, and in this, the power generation facility 2 including a double-feed synchronous machine power generation facility having a capacity corresponding to the variable capacity is provided. A command is given to the power generation facility 2 from the central power supply command station 17 via the communication means 18. Based on this command value, the power generation facility 2 controls the prime mover 3 so that the generated power of the power generation facility group 16 follows the command value, and the fluctuation of the power generation facility 1 whose output fluctuates is controlled by excitation control and prime mover control. The power is smoothed by absorbing or supplementing the power.

以上のように、本実施の形態においては、電力系統を分割あるいは複数の発電設備をまとめて、制御の単位となる発電設備群16を構築し、発電設備群毎に、発電設備1の出力変動に応じた可変周波数の励磁電源を有する二重給電同期機発電機からなる発電設備2を設け、発電設備群単位で電力の平準化を図ると共に、発電設備群として要求される電力を所定値に維持することにより電力系統全体の電力の平準化を図る事により電力系統全体の電力品質を確保できる。   As described above, in the present embodiment, the power system is divided or a plurality of power generation facilities are combined to construct the power generation facility group 16 as a unit of control, and the output fluctuation of the power generation facility 1 is changed for each power generation facility group. A power generation facility 2 comprising a double-feed synchronous machine generator having an excitation power source with a variable frequency according to the power supply is provided to level the power in units of the power generation facility group, and the power required for the power generation facility group is set to a predetermined value. By maintaining the power level of the entire power system, the power quality of the entire power system can be ensured.

なお、この発電設備群16は、分散電源のみをまとめたものでも、大容量発電設備を含んだものでも良い。また、発電設備群16は、地理的、系統構成上、或いは容量の総和等運用が容易となる単位に設定すればよい。また、中央給電指令所17からの指令に基づいて発電設備2の原動機3を抑制することで説明したが、発電設備10の原動機にても制御可能であるとし、発電設備群16の中に郡内の各発電設備の出力を指令するための指令設備を設けて、この指令値に基づいて各発電設備の原動機を調整するようにしても良い。   The power generation facility group 16 may be a group of only distributed power sources or may include a large capacity power generation facility. The power generation equipment group 16 may be set to a unit that facilitates operation such as geographical, system configuration, or total capacity. Moreover, although it demonstrated by suppressing the motor | power_engine 3 of the electric power generation equipment 2 based on the instruction | command from the central electric power supply instruction | command center 17, control is possible also with the motor | power_engine of the electric power generation equipment 10, and in the electric power generation equipment group 16, it is county. A command facility for commanding the output of each power generation facility may be provided, and the prime mover of each power generation facility may be adjusted based on the command value.

以上の実施の形態1〜5では、他の電力貯蔵設備がない場合で説明してきたが、これらの設備がある場合でも、同様な効果を発揮することが可能であり、これらの設備容量を低減できるメリットもある。また、ここでは、変動を抑制する電源装置として、二重給電同期機発電設備にて記載したが、原動機を保有しない設備の場合は、長時間供給することを実現するためには膨大な設備が必要となるが、蓄電池等の電力を貯蔵し、高速で制御できる設備であれば、同様の効果がある。   In the above first to fifth embodiments, the description has been given in the case where there is no other power storage facility, but even when these facilities are present, the same effect can be exhibited, and the capacity of these facilities is reduced. There are also benefits. In addition, here, the double-feed synchronous machine power generation equipment is described as a power supply device that suppresses fluctuations. However, in the case of equipment that does not have a prime mover, a huge amount of equipment is required to realize long-term supply. Although it is necessary, the same effect can be obtained if it is a facility that can store electric power such as a storage battery and can control it at high speed.

この発明の実施の形態1に係る電源設備の構成を示した構成図である。It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the power supply equipment which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態1に係る電源設備の動作を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed operation | movement of the power supply equipment which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態2に係る独立電源系統の構成を示した構成図である。It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the independent power supply system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態3に係る電源系統の構成を示した構成図である。It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the power supply system which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態4に係る電力系統の構成を示した構成図である。It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the electric power grid | system which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態5に係る電力系統の構成を示した構成図である。It is the block diagram which showed the structure of the electric power grid | system which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1,2,10 発電設備、3 原動機、4 発電機、5 可変周波数変換器、6 母線、7 連系用遮断器、8 電源設備、9 電力系統、11 負荷機器、12 独立電源系統、13 電源系統、14,18 通信手段、15 発電設備、16 発電所群、17 中央給電指令所。   1, 2, 10 Power generation facilities, 3 Motors, 4 Generators, 5 Variable frequency converters, 6 Busbars, 7 Interconnection breakers, 8 Power supply facilities, 9 Power systems, 11 Load devices, 12 Independent power systems, 13 Power supplies System, 14, 18 Communication means, 15 Power generation facility, 16 Power plant group, 17 Central power supply command station.

Claims (5)

自然エネルギーを利用した発電を行う出力変動を伴う第1の発電設備と、
前記第1の発電設備に対して並列に設けられ、電力供給のベース電源として動作する第2の発電設備と
を備えた電力系統に電力を供給する電源設備であって、
前記第2の発電設備の一部或いは全部を可変周波数の励磁電源を有する二重給電同期機から構成することにより、前記第1の発電設備の出力変動に応じて電力の吸収および補充を行って、前記電力系統に供給する電力の平準化を行う
ことを特徴とする電源設備。
A first power generation facility with output fluctuations for generating power using natural energy;
A power supply facility that supplies power to an electric power system provided in parallel with the first power generation facility and having a second power generation facility that operates as a base power source for power supply,
By constituting a part or all of the second power generation facility from a double-feed synchronous machine having an excitation power source of variable frequency, power is absorbed and supplemented in accordance with the output fluctuation of the first power generation facility. A power supply facility that performs leveling of power supplied to the power system.
自然エネルギーを利用した発電を行う出力変動を伴う第1の発電設備と、前記第1の発電設備に対して並列に設けられ、電力供給のベース電源として動作する第2の発電設備とを有する電源設備と、
電力を消費する負荷機器と、
前記負荷機器と前記第1および第2の発電設備とを接続して、前記負荷機器に電源を供給する配電設備と
を備えた電源系統であって、
前記第2の発電設備の一部或いは全部を可変周波数の励磁電源を有する二重給電同期機から構成することにより、前記第1の発電設備の出力変動及び負荷機器の負荷変動に応じて電力の吸収および補充を行って、前記電源系統内の周波数変動の抑制を行う
ことを特徴とする電源系統。
A power supply having a first power generation facility with output fluctuation for generating power using natural energy, and a second power generation facility provided in parallel to the first power generation facility and operating as a base power source for power supply Equipment,
Load equipment that consumes power,
A power distribution system comprising: a power distribution system for connecting the load device and the first and second power generation facilities to supply power to the load device;
By configuring a part or all of the second power generation facility from a double-feed synchronous machine having a variable frequency excitation power source, the power generation is performed in accordance with the output variation of the first power generation facility and the load variation of the load device. Absorption and replenishment are performed to suppress frequency fluctuations in the power supply system.
自然エネルギーを利用した発電を行う出力変動を伴う第1の発電設備と、前記第1の発電設備に対して並列に設けられ、電力供給のベース電源として動作する第2の発電設備とを有する電源設備と、
電力を消費する負荷機器と、
前記負荷機器と前記第1および第2の発電設備とを接続して、前記負荷機器に電源を供給する配電設備と
を備えた電力系統に連系された電源設備系統であって、
前記第2の発電設備の一部或いは全部を可変周波数の励磁電源を有する二重給電同期機から構成することにより、前記第1の発電設備の出力変動及び負荷機器の負荷変動に応じて電力の吸収および補充を行って、系統連系時の連系点潮流の変動を平準化するとともに、電力系統から切り離された単独系統運転時の電源系統内の周波数変動を抑制する
ことを特徴とする電源設備系統。
A power source having a first power generation facility with output fluctuation for generating power using natural energy, and a second power generation facility that is provided in parallel to the first power generation facility and operates as a base power source for power supply Equipment,
Load equipment that consumes power,
A power supply system connected to an electric power system comprising: a power distribution facility that connects the load device and the first and second power generation facilities and supplies power to the load device;
By configuring a part or all of the second power generation facility from a double-fed synchronous machine having a variable frequency excitation power source, the electric power can be generated according to the output variation of the first power generation facility and the load variation of the load device. A power supply that absorbs and replenishes to level out fluctuations in the power flow at the time of grid connection, and suppresses fluctuations in the frequency of the power system during single system operation disconnected from the power system Equipment system.
自然エネルギーを利用した発電を行う出力変動を伴う第1の発電設備と、前記第1の発電設備に対して並列に設けられ、電力供給のベース電源として動作する第2の発電設備とを有する電源設備と、
前記第1の発電設備の出力値を示す信号を前記第2の発電設備に送信する通信手段と
を備えた電力系統であって、
前記第2の発電設備の一部或いは全部を可変周波数の励磁電源を有する二重給電同期機から構成するとともに、前記第2の発電設備は前記通信手段を介して受信する前記信号に基づいて、前記第1の発電設備と前記第2の発電設備との出力の総和を許容範囲内あるいは一定値に維持して電力の平準化を行う
ことを特徴とする電力系統。
A power supply having a first power generation facility with output fluctuation for generating power using natural energy, and a second power generation facility provided in parallel to the first power generation facility and operating as a base power source for power supply Equipment,
A power system comprising: communication means for transmitting a signal indicating an output value of the first power generation facility to the second power generation facility;
A part or the whole of the second power generation equipment is constituted by a double-feed synchronous machine having a variable frequency excitation power source, and the second power generation equipment is based on the signal received via the communication means, An electric power system characterized in that power leveling is performed while maintaining a sum of outputs of the first power generation facility and the second power generation facility within an allowable range or a constant value.
電力系統全体を、請求項4に記載の発電設備から構成される発電設備群に分割し、
前記発電設備群ごとに前記電力の平準化を行うことにより、電力系統全体の電力の平準化を図ることを特徴とする電力系統。
Dividing the entire power system into a power generation facility group composed of the power generation facility according to claim 4,
An electric power system characterized by leveling the electric power of the entire electric power system by leveling the electric power for each power generation facility group.
JP2005138745A 2005-05-11 2005-05-11 Power supply facility, power supply system, power supply facility system, and power system Pending JP2006320080A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013207931A (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-07 Fujitsu Ltd Illegal electric power selling detection device and method
CN104377723A (en) * 2014-08-29 2015-02-25 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Transient state process control method for static medium-frequency power supply networking system
CN106816990A (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-06-09 沈阳远大电力电子科技有限公司 A kind of Shaft-Generator
JP2018078685A (en) * 2016-11-08 2018-05-17 株式会社日立製作所 Power supply system and control method of power supply system
JP2018088726A (en) * 2016-11-28 2018-06-07 株式会社日立製作所 Power generating system
CN111509786A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-07 合肥康尔信电力系统有限公司 Parallel operation and parallel operation control system of diesel generating set

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013207931A (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-07 Fujitsu Ltd Illegal electric power selling detection device and method
CN104377723A (en) * 2014-08-29 2015-02-25 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 Transient state process control method for static medium-frequency power supply networking system
CN106816990A (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-06-09 沈阳远大电力电子科技有限公司 A kind of Shaft-Generator
JP2018078685A (en) * 2016-11-08 2018-05-17 株式会社日立製作所 Power supply system and control method of power supply system
JP2018088726A (en) * 2016-11-28 2018-06-07 株式会社日立製作所 Power generating system
CN111509786A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-07 合肥康尔信电力系统有限公司 Parallel operation and parallel operation control system of diesel generating set
CN111509786B (en) * 2020-04-29 2021-08-17 合肥康尔信电力系统有限公司 Parallel operation and parallel operation control system of diesel generating set

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