CN1764559B - Current collector - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates toA collector for a third track, comprising a base parallelogram (20) exiting from the vehicle together with a support for a pantograph (30) exiting from said base parallelogram, wherein the base parallelogram comprises a first lever arm (22) extending on the track side, a second lever arm (26) extending away from the track parallel or approximately parallel to the first lever arm, and third and fourth lever arms (24, 28) hingedly connected to the first and second ends of the first and second lever arms, respectively, said support for the pantograph being connected to a single one of said lever arms, which lever arms are adjustable with respect to the vehicle by means of at least one axis of rotation of the lever arms. In order to achieve a neutral behavior in a current collector with respect to obstacles in order to achieve a good avoidance, which is also independent of the direction of travel of the vehicle, it is proposed that: the first lever arm (22, 38) is connected to a straight line connecting the rotational axes (78, 82) of the first lever arm and the third rail (74) and has a third rail when the pantograph (68) is supported on the third rail

Angle of (2)The support and the first or fourth lever arm are connected by at least one connection element having a theoretical breaking point.

Description

Current collector

technical field

The invention relates to a current collector for a third rail (dritte schiene) comprising a basic parallelogram (Basis-parallelogramm) coming out of the vehicle, together with A support for a pantograph, wherein the basic parallelogram frame comprises a first lever arm (Schenkel) extending on the rail side, a second lever arm extending away from the rail along the first lever arm and hingedly connected to the The third and fourth lever arms are connected to the first and second ends of the first and second lever arms, and the mount for the pantograph is connected to at least one of the only axes of rotation relative to the vehicle. An adjustable lever arm is connected.

Background technique

In a corresponding current collector, the mount for the pantograph forms a first lever arm which is articulated to an adjacent lever arm. In order to avoid complete destruction of the current collector, for example when the support or the pantograph is suspended, a theoretical breaking point is provided on the two suitable lever arms. Since the forces acting on the respective hinge points differ depending on the direction of travel of the vehicle, usually only one theoretical breaking point fails in the event of a fault. This means that the support is followed by the pantograph at least over a short distance, so that there is a risk of damage to the current collector, its surroundings and the current track. Furthermore, since the conductors leading to the vehicle drive exit directly from the pantograph or its mounting, breakages can occur at various points. In addition, since all the lever arms of the basic parallelogram frame are made of metal, the parallelogram frame or the housing that accommodates the parallelogram frame and is connected to the vehicle is relative to the parallelogram frame, for example by insulating plates or insulating beams. To achieve electrical insulation. Corresponding current collectors also have a relatively large weight.

A further disadvantage is that if the parallelogram arm leading to the support or pantograph has a relatively large inclination angle to the third rail, the reaction to obstacles or the avoidance of the parallelogram against such obstacles depends on the vehicle's The directions are different, so disturbances are likewise possible with corresponding subsequent damage.

Known by DE 87 09 213 U1 is a current collector which includes a pantograph which emerges from a rocker arrangement.

From AT 297 798 a current collector with a theoretical breaking point that can be attached to a contact wire can be found.

GB 177 422 specifies a current collector for a third rail having a parallelogram frame from which a pantograph emerges.

Contents of the invention

The problem underlying the invention is to improve a current collector of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way as to obtain a neutral behavior with respect to obstacles, that is to say equally good evasion regardless of the direction of travel of the vehicle. Furthermore the current collector should be relatively light. Likewise, if an impermissibly high force is applied to the support or to the pantograph, it should be possible to release it from the base parallelogram frame without risking the quadrilateral being destroyed.

的夹角

支座与第一或第四杆臂通过至少一个具有一个理论断裂点的连接件而连接起来。According to the invention this problem is solved by a current collector for a third rail comprising a basic parallelogram frame coming out of the vehicle together with a power receiving rail coming out of said basic parallelogram frame. A support for a bow, wherein the basic parallelogram frame includes a first lever arm extending on the side of the track, a second lever arm extending parallel or substantially parallel to the first lever arm away from the track and hingedly connected to the a third and a fourth lever arm to which first and second ends of the first and second lever arms are connected; and said mount for a pantograph is connected to a unique one of said lever arms Together, the lever arm is adjustable relative to the vehicle by means of at least one axis of rotation of the lever arm. According to the invention, the first lever arm relates to a straight line connecting its axis of rotation and the third rail has a when the pantograph is supported on the third rail

angle of

The support is connected to the first or fourth lever arm by at least one connecting piece having a theoretical breaking point.

If the mount preferably emerges from a side lever arm that can be adjusted with its two axes of rotation relative to the vehicle as a fourth lever arm, the mount can also emerge from the first lever arm extending on the track side out without departing from the invention.

The support is connected to the corresponding lever arm via at least one connecting piece with a theoretical breaking point. However, the supports are preferably connected together, in particular by one or more sets of several connecting elements, such as bolts, each having a theoretical breaking point.

At the same time, the contact surface of the bolt itself with the support forms an electrically conductive connection between the pantograph and the lever arm.

The current conductors to the vehicle drive then emerge from the lever arm itself, so that the current conductors themselves are not damaged when the support or the pantograph is disconnected.

According to a further proposal of the invention with an inventive design, it is provided that both the first lever arm and the second lever arm are made of an electrically insulating material. This has great advantages for the current collector according to the invention. The weight is reduced due to the material. Furthermore, no additional insulating measures are required, which would otherwise be necessary if all lever arms of the basic parallelogram frame consist of metal, as is the case in the prior art.

In order to ensure a stable axial guidance of the current collector, it is furthermore provided that the second lever arm is formed by at least two rod-shaped elements, such as connecting rods. These lever arms can be articulated to the third and fourth lever arms via spherically designed bearing points, so that a torsion-free property can be achieved.

In order to further reduce weight, the first lever arm, such as the rocker arm, can be connected via a hollow shaft to the side walls of the collector housing connected to the vehicle of a U-shaped section, so that a part of the housing forms the base of the parallelogram frame. third lever arm.

The fourth lever arm, which has a support and is made of metal, preferably has two interconnected side walls, which emerge on one side from the axis of rotation from which the first and second lever arms also emerge. , while the other side is pierced by connecting elements such as bolts, so as to achieve mechanical and electrical connection with the support of the pantograph.

它在受电弓支承在第三轨道上时为≤15°。因此有条件地得出了集电器相对于障碍的一种中立的特性，也就是说与车辆的行驶方向无关而对这种障碍有同样良好的反应。As mentioned above, the angle between the connecting line between the rotation axes of the first lever arms and the third track is

It is ≤ 15° when the pantograph is supported on the third rail. Conditionally, this results in a neutral behavior of the current collector with respect to obstacles, ie an equally good response to such obstacles regardless of the direction of travel of the vehicle.

In order that the pantograph can rest on the third rail in the desired range and with the necessary pressure, a spring element, such as a pressure spring, emerges from the vehicle or collector housing, which spring is hinged on the first lever arm superior. At the same time the hinge point should be chosen so that a constant pressure is applied during normal operation when the pantograph is placed on the third rail. If the current collector lifts up in the event of a fault, the effective length of the compression spring is shortened, while at the same time the articulation point is moved in such a way that it is self-fixing in the raised position. An additional security can be achieved, for example, by a claw.

In order to achieve this, it is provided that a spring that applies pressure to the first lever arm comes out from the housing or the vehicle at a first hinge point, and it is connected with the first lever arm at a second hinge point, the hinge between the axes of rotation of the arms so that when the pantograph is supported on the third rail, the second hinge point is on the third rail and imaginary at the first hinge point and connects the first and second between the axes of rotation of the two lever arms, and in the raised position the second articulation point is between said line and the fastening of the vehicle or the housing to the vehicle, wherein the force acting on the second articulation point The pressure causes a self-fixation of the base parallelogram frame in the raised position.

In a development of the invention, a pneumatically operated cylinder can act on the current collector, which cylinder emerges from the vehicle or the current collector housing and extends towards the first rail-side extending lever arm. The desired automatic lifting or lowering of the current collector can thus also be achieved.

Further details, advantages and features of the invention can be found not only in the claims, the features known from the claims (on their own and/or in combination), but also in the following description of the preferred exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings show:

1 is a schematic diagram of a current collector comprising a basic parallelogram frame according to the background art;

2 and 3 have a schematic diagram of a current collector according to the invention with a basic parallelogram frame;

Fig. 4 is a side view of a current collector according to the present invention;

Figure 5 is a top view of the current collector of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a rear view of the current collector of Figure 4;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view along line G-G in Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view along line H-H in Fig. 4 .

Detailed ways

The invention relates to current collectors for a third rail, as they are used to power electric drives of vehicles, for example in subways. Corresponding current collectors known from the prior art have a basic parallelogram frame 10 , which emerges from a housing and is connected to the vehicle.

A basic parallelogram frame 10 according to the background art comprises lever arms 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , wherein the lever arm 12 on the track side is formed by the pantograph itself, through which the current flows to the drive. The pantograph is connected to the adjoining lateral lever arms 14 , 18 via the desired breaking point, so that release is possible in the event of impermissible forces. It is thus ensured that the entire current collector is not damaged.

Of course, due to the structure of the basic parallelogram frame 10 and the lever arm 16 which is firmly connected to the vehicle or the collector housing, which is far away from the track, and the set angle of the lever arms 14, 18 and the third track, there are the following disadvantages: The breaking point exerts a pressure load dependent on the direction of travel, so that in the event of a fault the theoretical breaking point is not forced to break and, on the other hand, avoidance of obstacles is not equally possible. Corresponding current collectors are also relatively heavy and must be electrically insulated from the vehicle by insulating plates or corresponding elements.

When there is damage, laborious work is required. At the same time, it is disadvantageous that the conductor leading to the pantograph, which establishes the connection to the drive, is disconnected and a spark discharge occurs.

All these disadvantages can be avoided with the current collector according to the invention, which is likewise constructed according to the principle of a basic parallelogram frame. It can thus be seen from the schematic diagrams of FIGS. 2 and 3 that in a basic parallelogram frame 20 according to the invention none of the lever arms 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 is formed by a pantograph 30 . Meanwhile, the lever arm 22 extending on the track side is called a first lever arm, and the lever arm 26 parallel or substantially parallel to the lever arm and away from the track side is called a second lever arm. The lever arms 28, 24 connecting the first and second lever arms 22, 26 are referred to as third and fourth lever arms, wherein the third and fourth lever arms 28, 24 are preferably larger than the first and second lever arms 22, 26 is much shorter, as can be seen not only from the schematic diagrams shown in FIGS. 2 , 3 , but also especially from FIG. 4 . The design of the lever arm length also results in the advantage that an advantageous leverage force is generated if the support 58 emerges from the fourth lever arm 24 .

According to the invention the pantograph 30 is not formed by the lever arms 22, 24, 26, 28 of the basic parallelogram frame 20, but rather is connected to one of the lever arms, at least one of which is adjustable axis of rotation. In the exemplary embodiment, the pantograph is connected to a fourth lever arm 24 , also referred to as a lateral lever arm, or to an extension of this lever arm. It is of course also possible to connect the pantograph 30 to the first rail-side extending lever arm 22 or to an extension thereof. Independently of this, there is thus the advantage that only one theoretical breaking point or a group of theoretical breaking points is still required to ensure that the pantograph 30 is released or the support that accommodates the pantograph 30 is released in the event of a fault. The seat is indicated with reference numeral 58 in FIG. 4 .

最好≤15°。Furthermore, the remaining lateral lever arm (in the exemplary embodiment, the lateral lever arm 28 ie the third lever arm) is pointing fixedly at the vehicle, so that the lever arms 22 , 26 extending along the third rail A smaller inclination angle between the third track and the third track results in a neutral behavior with respect to obstacles. This means that obstacles can be avoided equally well regardless of the direction of travel. The angle between the first lever arm 22 on the track side or the line connecting the axis of rotation of the lever arm (corresponding to the first lever arm 38 drawn in FIG. 4 ) and the third track is

Preferably ≤15°.

More detailed details of the current collector 20 according to the invention are given in FIGS. 4 to 8 .

The current collector 32 includes a casing 33, which is connected to the vehicle or the bottom surface of the vehicle, such as fixed by screws. The parallelogram frame 20 symbolized by solid lines 38, 40, 42, 44 in FIG. Two connecting rods 48, 50 extending along said lever arm, as second lever arm 40, they are also made of electrically insulating material; a section of housing 33 formed by side walls 34, 36, as Third lever arm 42 ; and a lever arm formed by a U-shaped head 52 with lateral side walls 54 , 56 as fourth lever arm 44 .

Both the housing 33 and the head 52 are made of metal. Proceeding from the head 52 is a pantograph support 58 , which in the exemplary embodiment is connected to the head 52 via screws 64 , 66 with desired breaking points 60 , 62 . The number of bolts 64 , 66 can be up to six, for example. The pantograph support 58 is itself connected to a pantograph 68 consisting of a support 70 and a wear part 72 which is slidably supported on a third rail 74 for the transmission of current . Wear member 72 may be made of steel, brass, composite and/or plastic material. Reference is made to a sufficient number of known solutions and materials in this regard.

The bolts 64, 66, also called shear pins, are used not only to achieve a mechanical connection between the pantograph support 58 and the head 52 and thus to the basic parallelogram frame 20 of the current collector 32, but also to Electric current is transmitted between the pantograph 68 and a drive of the vehicle. The current is then supplied via a conductor (not shown) to the drive, which is connected at point 76 to the head 52 made of electrically conductive material. The conductors coming out of the head 52 (fourth lever arm 44 ) are therefore not damaged when the support 58 is disconnected.

Head 52 is connected to rocker arm 46 or linkage 48 , 50 via rotational shafts 78 , 80 . Whether it is the rocker arm 46 as the first lever arm or the connecting rod 48, 50 as the second lever arm, the opposite ends are connected to the side wall 34, 36 connected. Simultaneously axle 82 is designed as hollow shaft in order to save weight.

In order to be able to realize the connection between the fourth lever arm formed by the head 52 and the third lever arm formed by the section of the housing 33 with the second lever arm formed by the connecting rod 48 , 50 Torsion-free connection, the connecting rods 48 , 50 have bearing bores 86 , 88 at their ends, into which the spherical sections of the rotational axes 80 , 84 engage, wherein in the region of the third lever arm, ie The rotary shaft 84 extending in the housing 33 is not designed to pass through, but is formed by two shaft ends. Furthermore, a compression spring 94 emerges from a section 90 of the vehicle-side housing 33 , that is to say a first joint point 92 , which spring is connected to the rocker arm 46 at a second joint point 96 . At the same time the second articulation point 96 should be oriented relative to a straight line connecting the axis of rotation 82 to the first articulation point 92 such that when the pantograph 68 is supported on the third rail 74 the second articulation point 96 is arranged on said between the straight line and the third track 74 .

In the raised position (shown in dashed lines in FIG. 4 ) the second articulation point 96 extends on the side opposite the straight line, ie between said straight line and the vehicle. Thus, a self-fixing effect is conditionally produced, which is strengthened by shortening the compression spring 94 in the second raised position and thus introducing a greater force to the rocker arm via the second articulation point 96 46 on. The raised position can additionally be locked by means of claws (not shown) or other locking means.

According to the invention the pantograph 68 or its pantograph support 58 emerges from a lever arm (in the exemplary embodiment from the fourth lever arm 24, 44) which can be adjusted relative to the housing 33 or the vehicle with two rotational axes. , the lever arm is constituted by the head 52. Therefore only one theoretical breaking point or a group of theoretical breaking points are required, which in the embodiment are formed by shear pins 64, 66, thus ensuring that when the support 58 breaks due to impermissibly large forces: Appliance 32 was otherwise damaged.

Since the conductive part, that is to say the pantograph 68 and the support 58 and the head 52 are electrically insulated from the collector housing 34 by means of the rocker arm 46 and the connecting rod 48, 50, it not only saves a lot of weight but also has the following Additional advantage: Compared with the vehicle, no additional insulation measures are required. Due to the presence of the two connecting rods 48 , 50 as the second lever arms 26 , 40 of the basic parallelogram frame 20 , a guided axial alignment of the current collector 32 is achieved without the need for additional guiding measures. At the same time, the lack of torsion is guaranteed due to the support bearing.

The pressure spring 94 additionally ensures a uniform pressure effect when the pantograph 68 is supported on the third rail 74 , wherein a self-fixing effect is ensured when the pantograph 68 is raised.

Since the first and second lever arms 22 , 38 , 26 , 40 extending along the third track 74 are made of plastic, they dampen vibrations and shocks, thereby achieving a high degree of smooth operation.

In addition, an emergency tongue 98 comes out from the rail side of the head 52. When the pantograph 68 and its support 62 are to be disconnected, the emergency tongue 98 can be slidably supported on the third rail 44, so that Ability to continue driving the vehicle and drive to a repair location.

Furthermore, a cylinder, not shown, is arranged between the vehicle or housing 33 and the rocker arm 46 in order to be able to automatically raise or lower the current collector, that is to say the pantograph 68 , with simple constructional measures.

Claims (23)

1. the current colector (32) that is used for one the 3rd track (74), this current colector comprises that a basic parallelogram frame (20) that comes out in the vehicle is together with the pantograph (30 that is used for of coming out in described basic parallelogram frame, 68) bearing (58), wherein basic parallelogram frame comprises first lever arm (22 that extends in rail side, 38), one is parallel to or is roughly parallel to second lever arm (26 away from track that this first lever arm extends, 40) and hingedly respectively with the first and second end bonded assemblys, third and fourth lever arm (28 of first and second lever arms, 24,42,44); And the described bearing that is used for pantograph is connected with one of described lever arm unique lever arm, this lever arm utilizes at least one S. A. of this lever arm to adjust with respect to vehicle, it is characterized in that, first lever arm (22,38) relate to a straight line and the 3rd track (74) that is connecting the S. A. (78,82) of this first lever arm and when pantograph (68) is bearing on the 3rd track, have one

Angle

Bearing (58) and the first or the 4th lever arm (22,38,46; 24,44,52) couple together by at least one attaching parts (64,66) with theoretical breaking-down point (60,62).

2. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that be used for the bearing (58) of pantograph (68) and a lever arm (24,44,52) of described lever arm and couple together, this lever arm utilizes two S. A.s of this lever arm to adjust with respect to vehicle.

3. by claim 1 or 2 described current colectors, it is characterized in that, connect the relative vehicle of the 3rd lever arm (28,42) of first and second lever arms (22,26,38,40) or being fixedly arranged of current colector (32) with vehicle bonded assembly shell (33); The 4th lever arm (24,44,52) can be adjusted with respect to vehicle with the S. A. (78,80) that it is connected with first and second lever arms; And the bearing (58) that is used for pantograph (68) comes out from described the 4th lever arm.

4. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that bearing (58) couples together by a plurality of attaching partss (64,66) that have a theoretical breaking-down point (60,62) respectively with the first or the 4th lever arm (22,24,38,44).

5. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that pantograph (68) couples together conductively by described attaching parts (64,66) and bearing (58).

6. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that, from the described lever arm that is connected with bearing (58) (22,24,38, the 44) Ampereconductors that leads to vehicle drive unit that comes out.

7. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that, from the 4th lever arm (24,44) from the head in other words (52) draw an emergent tongue piece (98) that is supported on the 3rd track (74).

8. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that the 3rd lever arm (28,42) is portion's section of the shell (33) of current colector (32).

9. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that first lever arm (22,38) and second lever arm (26,40) are all made by the material of electrical isolation.

10. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that second lever arm (26,40) is made of at least two rod-shaped elements.

11. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that, come out one pressure is applied to first lever arm (22 from one first hinge-point (92) from the shell (33) of current colector (32) or from the vehicle, 38) spring element on (94), this spring element is located to be connected at one second hinge-point (96) with first lever arm; This second hinge-point is positioned between the S. A. (78,82) of first lever arm; This second hinge-point extends between the 3rd track and a straight line when pantograph (68) is bearing on the 3rd track (74), and this straight line connects described first hinge-point and the S. A. that first lever arm and the 3rd lever arm (28,42) are connected; And this second hinge-point is located between the fastening place of described straight line and vehicle or shell (33) and vehicle when current colector is lifting the position, wherein acts on pressure on second hinge-point and causes basic parallelogram frame (20) to maintain automatically lifting on the position.

12. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that first lever arm (22,38) is by three lever arm (28 of a hollow shaft as S. A. (82) with shell (33) the portion section that is U-shaped as a section, 42) side sidewall (34,36) couples together.

13., it is characterized in that two rod-shaped elements that constitute second lever arm (26,40) couple together by the supporting-point and the 3rd or the 4th lever arm (28,24,42,44) of globosity by the described current colector of claim 1.

14., it is characterized in that the shell (33) of vehicle or current colector (32) couples together by a cylinder with first lever arm (22,38) by the described current colector of claim 1.

15., it is characterized in that described parallelogram frame (20) has two quarter butt arms (24,28) and two long lever arm (22,26) by the described current colector of claim 1; And bearing (58) comes out from an extension of a quarter butt arm (24) or described quarter butt arm.

16., it is characterized in that described attaching parts is a bolt by claim 4 or 5 described current colectors.

17. by the described current colector of claim 1, it is characterized in that, from described the 4th lever arm Ampereconductors that leads to vehicle drive unit that comes out.

18., it is characterized in that described the 4th lever arm makes current colector head (52) by the described current colector of claim 17.

19., it is characterized in that described rod-shaped elements is connecting rod (48,50) by the described current colector of claim 10.

20., it is characterized in that described first lever arm is rocking arm (46) by the described current colector of claim 1.

21., it is characterized in that described spring element is a kind of pressure spring by the described current colector of claim 11.

22., it is characterized in that described first lever arm is rocking arm (46) by the described current colector of claim 12.

23., it is characterized in that described rod-shaped elements is connecting rod (48,50) by the described current colector of claim 13.

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