CN1621390A - A kind of inorganic fireproof board - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an inorganic fireproof board, characterized in that the material for making the fireproof board mainly includes a calcium silicate binder and inorganic oxide particles, wherein the weight percentage of the calcium silicate binder in the material for making the fireproof board is 10-15%. Coal, a byproduct of a coal-fired power plant, can be used to replace half of the calcium silicate binder after high-temperature combustion. The inorganic fireproof board of the present invention is not easy to expand and break, has increased strength, and has the characteristics of being recyclable, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

Description

A kind of inorganic fireproof board

technical field

The invention relates to building materials, in particular to an inorganic fireproof board.

Background technique

Many building materials are required to have fireproof properties. The fireproof boards currently on the market are generally made of inorganic mineral materials. Different inorganic mineral components are mixed with water to form a paste. become. In this manufacturing process, different inorganic mineral components are simply mixed together without structural chemical bonds, and there are many cracks in its structure. In an environment with high relative humidity, due to the affinity of water molecules for minerals, the fireproof board with this structure is easy to swell due to moisture. In addition, the cracks in its structure also make the fireproof board easy to break, and its application range is thus limited.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the inorganic fireproof board is prone to structural expansion and breakage in the prior art, and to provide an inorganic fireproof board with high strength and not easy to break.

The object of the present invention is achieved in this way, a kind of inorganic fire prevention board, it is characterized in that, the manufacturing material of described fire prevention board mainly comprises calcium silicate binder and inorganic oxide particle, wherein, calcium silicate binder The weight percentage in the fireproof board making material is 10-15%.

Coal ash, a by-product of coal burning at high temperatures, can be used to replace half of the calcium silicate binders produced by coal-fired power plants. Therefore, the present invention can also adopt following technical scheme:

An inorganic fireproof board, characterized in that the materials for making the fireproof board mainly include coal ash, calcium silicate binder and inorganic oxide particles, wherein the weight percent of coal ash in the fireproof board making materials is 5 -7%, the weight percentage of the calcium silicate binder in the fireproof board production material is 5-7%.

The inorganic oxide particles include magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxychloride, magnesium oxide and silicon aluminum oxide, and the parts by weight ratio of each component are as follows:

Magnesium carbonate 50-60

Magnesium oxychloride 10-15

Magnesium Oxide 10-15

Alumina silica 5-10

The size of the inorganic oxide particles ranges from 0.01 to 1 mm.

The manufacturing process of the fireproof board is as follows:

First carry out the water-dissolving process, mix the production materials with water until they become a paste, the length of the water-dissolving process should last for more than 48 hours; then pour the paste-like mixture into a mold, and then heat until all the water is completely absorbed evaporation.

The inorganic fireproof board of the present invention may have a composite layer structure, comprising three or more than three composite layers, wherein at least one interlayer is a silicon oxide fiber layer, and the silicon oxide fiber layer is made of a material comprising the following components ( parts by weight ratio):

Magnesium carbonate 40-55

Alumina silica 5-10

Calcium silicate 5-15

Calcium carbonate 5-10

Calcium hydroxide 3-5

Glass fiber 3-5

The silicon oxide fiber layer may be a silicon oxide fiber layer made of recycled materials.

The fireproof board may have three layers, and the second layer located between the first and third layers is a silica fiber layer or a silica fiber layer made of recycled materials.

The fireproof board can also have five layers, which are the first, second, third, fourth and fifth layers in sequence, wherein the first and fifth layers are nano-inorganic oxide layers, and the third layer is silicon oxide fiber layer or silica fiber layer made of recycled material.

Implement the inorganic fireproof board of the present invention, because calcium silicate binder is adopted in making material, in the manufacture process of fireproof board, water-dissolving process has taken place on the bulk area, has formed hydrate, therefore, reduces The effect of water on the microtubes of the fireproof board makes the fireproof board not easy to expand and break. In addition, by adopting a composite layer structure, in which a silica fiber interlayer made of silica or recycled materials is arranged, the inorganic mineral materials can be closely combined, and the strength of the fireproof board is greatly improved. After adding the nano-inorganic oxide layer, the fireproof board of the present invention also has the characteristics of self-cleaning, sterilizing and anti-mildew. The fireproof boards are all taken from natural inorganic mineral materials, which are recyclable and beneficial to environmental protection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 has shown the formation process of the hydrate in the water dissolving process stage of the manufacture process of embodiment one of the inorganic fireproof board of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hydration process gradually occurring in the waterproof board making materials during the whole water-soluble process of the manufacturing process of the first embodiment of the inorganic fireproof board;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment two of the inorganic fireproof board of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment three of the inorganic fireproof board of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 4 of the inorganic fireproof board of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiment one:

In this embodiment, the production material of the fireproof board of the present invention mainly includes calcium silicate binder and inorganic oxide particles, wherein the weight percentage of calcium silicate binder in the production material of the fireproof board is 10- 15%.

The inorganic oxide particles include magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxychloride, magnesium oxide and silica aluminum oxide. The parts by weight ratio of each component is as follows:

Magnesium Carbonate 50-60

Magnesium oxychloride 10-15

Magnesium Oxide 10-15

Alumina silica 5-10

The hardness, shape and texture of the fireproof board are all affected by the particle size of the inorganic oxide. Magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxychloride, magnesium oxide, silica aluminum oxide range in size from 0.01 to 1 mm.

Wherein, the preparation method of calcium silicate binder is as follows:

First use a mechanical mill to grind the inorganic oxide composed of calcium silicate, calcium carbonate and soda lime into powder, wherein the parts by weight of each component are as follows:

Calcium silicate 40-50

Calcium carbonate 40-50

Soda lime 20-30

Then, add water to mix, and stir in an oven at a constant temperature of 800°C for 2 hours.

During the mixing process, the solid inorganic oxides begin to melt together and become bonded together. And the following chemical reaction takes place:

In the case of calcium silicate as seed:

CaO+CO ₃ →3CaO.SiO ₂

2CaO.SiO ₂

3CaO.AlO ₂

4CaO.Al ₂ O ₃ .MgO

In this way, a calcium silicate binder is produced.

The manufacture process of fire prevention board of the present invention is as follows:

The water dissolving process is carried out first, and the crafting materials are mixed with water until they become a paste. The length of the hydrolysis process should last more than 48 hours to ensure that the mixture becomes hydrated. This process is very important and determines and controls the water resistance of the final product. Then pour the pasty mixture into a stainless steel mold, and then heat it in an oven at about 100°C until all the water is completely evaporated.

Figure 1 shows the hydrate formation process from the outside to the inside. The original granular material is hydrated from the outside 112 to the inside 111 , and the unhydrated core 113 will slowly decrease until the whole granular material becomes hydrated and forms a crystalline oxide framework 114 .

Figure 2 shows the hydrate generation process of the whole water dissolution process. In the initial stage 121, the composition ratio of moisture to inorganic matter is 0.3. The blank part in the figure represents the space filled with water. In the second stage 122, after 33% hydrate formation, the outer hydrate 1221 of the granular material is formed. In the third stage 123, after 67% hydrate formation, the outside of the unhydrated core is clearly surrounded by hydrates, Moreover, internal hydrates also start to form, and the main crystalline oxide framework structure 1231 also starts to form. In the fourth stage 124, after 100% hydrate formation, the unhydrated core has disappeared but still retains the original shape, and the hydrates are interconnected and form large regions. The more the large area is formed, the smaller the effect of water on the microtubes of the fireproof board, and the ratio of microtube moisture/inorganic oxide components also decreases.

The water-dissolving process significantly affects the water resistance of the final product, because the water in the microtubes between the granular inorganic oxides fills the space between the granular inorganic substances, and too many components will weaken the strength of the entire fireproof board. Therefore, the moisture in the microtubes between the inorganic oxides should be reduced to reduce the ratio of the moisture in the microtubes to the composition of the inorganic oxides, and increase the strength of the fireproof board.

When mixing all raw materials, such as extended calcium silicate binders, more water is required for the formation of hydrates, which increases the proportion of water in the entire structure, resulting in lower strength and compressive strength of the finished product. However, too little calcium silicate binder will reduce the quality of the finished product and be brittle. The most appropriate ratio of calcium silicate binder to inorganic oxide particles is 1:10 to 1:7.

Coal, a by-product of coal-fired power plants, can be used to replace half of calcium silicate binders when burned at high temperatures. Therefore, the production material of the fireproof board of the present invention may mainly include coal, calcium silicate binder and inorganic oxide particles, wherein the weight percentage of coal in the fireproof board production material is 5-7%, calcium silicate The percentage by weight of the adhesive in the material for making the fireproof board is 5-7%.

The inorganic oxide particles include magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxychloride, magnesium oxide and silica aluminum oxide. The parts by weight ratio of each component is as follows:

Magnesium carbonate 50-60

Magnesium oxychloride 10-15

Magnesium Oxide 10-15

Alumina silica 5-10

The finished fireproof board of the present invention contains a three-dimensional calcium silicate oxide framework structure. If energy spectrometer and X-ray fluorescence analysis spectrometer are utilized to carry out elemental analysis to the fire prevention board of the present invention, the ratio of silicon and calcium in the three-dimensional calcium silicate oxide should be 1: 4 to 1: 5, three-dimensional calcium silicate The fiber diameter size of the oxide framework should be 10-100 μm. The three-dimensional calcium silicate oxide framework structure mainly includes chain-like tricalcium silicate or dicalcium silicate or a mixture thereof, and each component can be intertwined with each other, thus forming a three-dimensional oxide object frame structure.

Use copper as the anode to carry out X-ray (wavelength 1.314 nanometers) analysis on the fireproof board of the present invention, and the structural components of the fireproof board of the present invention have the following main unique data:

data number reflection angle distance between molecules 1 7.65 11.547 2 16.35 5.417 3 18.45 4.805 4 21.05 4.217 5 24.4 3.645 6 25.3 3.517 7 27.45 3.247 8 28.95 3.082 9 30.1 2.966 10 31.7 2.82 11 33 2.712 12 35.95 2.496 13 39.1 2.302 14 39.45 2.282 15 42.35 2.132 16 44.55 2.032 17 45.25 2.002 18 49.45 1.842

The fireproof board of the present invention can also adopt a composite layer structure to obtain better strength.

Embodiment two:

As shown in Figure 3, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic fireproof board includes three layers of fireproof materials, the first layer 131 and the third layer 133 from the outside to the inside are made of the materials described in the first embodiment, called the main layer. The second layer 132 is an oxide interlayer.

The main mineral composition of the second layer 132 is as follows (ratio in parts by weight):

Magnesium carbonate 40-55

Alumina silica 5-10

Calcium silicate 5-15

Calcium carbonate 5-10

Calcium hydroxide 3-5

Glass fiber 3-5

Its production method is to first mix the first layer of materials with water until they become a paste, then pour the paste mixture into a stainless steel mold, and then heat it in an oven, increasing by 1 degree per minute to 100°C until all water is completely evaporated.

Then mix the ingredients for the second layer with water until they become a paste. Adjust the amount of calcium oxide until the pH value of the paste is 8-10, and pour it into the stainless steel mold containing the first layer. Then heat it in an oven, raising the temperature by 1 degree per minute to 100 degrees Celsius, until all the water is completely evaporated.

Then add the same pasty third layer of materials as the first layer of materials, and then heat in an oven with an increase of 1 degree per minute to 100 ° C until all the water is completely evaporated.

Then increase the temperature in the oven by 1 degree per minute to 140-160 ° C, and then heat the mixture in the oven for two to four hours until the three-dimensional silica fibers are in the structure of the final product form.

Embodiment three:

As shown in Fig. 4, it is the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the fireproof board also includes three layers. The materials for the first layer 141 and the second layer 143 are the same as those in the second embodiment, but the difference is that the second layer 142 is made of recycled materials.

The production method is: first mix the first layer of materials with water until they become a paste, then pour the paste mixture into a stainless steel mold, and then heat it in an oven, increasing by 1 degree per minute to 100°C until all water is completely evaporated.

Then the fireproof board of the embodiment two that is recovered is ground into powder, and then water is mixed with calcium silicate binder (5-10 parts), glass fiber (5-10 parts) and regenerated material (75-85 parts), until it becomes a paste. Then heat it in an oven, raising the temperature by 1 degree per minute to 100 degrees Celsius, until all the water is completely evaporated.

Then add the same pasty third layer of materials as the first layer of materials, and then heat in an oven with an increase of 1 degree per minute to 100 ° C until all the water is completely evaporated.

Then increase the temperature in the oven by 1 degree per minute to 140-160 ° C, and then heat the mixture in the oven for two to four hours until the three-dimensional silica fibers are in the structure of the final product form.

Embodiment four:

As shown in Figure 5, in the third embodiment of the utility model, the inorganic fireproof board comprises five layers: the first layer 151 and the fifth layer 155 from the outside to the inside are mainly pre-coated on the surface of the mold with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm inorganic oxide powder such as lime powder, titanium dioxide powder, or inorganic oxide powder containing nanopore zeolite powder. The mineral components of the second layer 152 and the fourth layer 154 are the same as those of the first and third layers in the second embodiment. The main mineral composition of the third layer 153 is the same as that of the second layer in the second or third embodiment.

It is made by mixing the third layer with water until it becomes a paste. Adjust the amount of calcium oxide until the pH value of the paste is 8-10. The pasty mixture is poured into a stainless steel mold containing the first layer 151 and the second layer 152, and then heated in an oven at 1°C to 100°C per minute until all the water is completely evaporated. Then add the fourth layer 154 and fifth layer 155 materials, then increase the temperature in the oven by 1 degree per minute to 140-160 °C, and then heat the mixture in the oven for two to four hours until The three-dimensional structured silica fibers are formed within the structure of the final product.

Claims (14)

1. The inorganic fireproof plate is characterized in that the manufacturing material of the fireproof plate mainly comprises calcium silicate adhesive and inorganic oxide particles, wherein the weight percentage of the calcium silicate adhesive in the manufacturing material of the fireproof plate is 10-15%.

2. The inorganic fireproof plate is characterized in that the manufacturing material of the fireproof plate mainly comprises 5-7 wt% of coal, 5-7 wt% of calciumsilicate adhesive and inorganic oxide particles.

3. The inorganic fire protection plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inorganic oxide particles comprise magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxychloride, magnesium oxide and silicon aluminum oxide, and the weight parts of the components are as follows:

magnesium carbonate 50-60

10-15 parts of magnesium oxychloride

10-15 parts of magnesium oxide

Silica alumina 5-10

4. The inorganic flame retardant panel of claim 1 or 2, wherein the inorganic oxide particles range in size from 0.01 to 1 mm.

5. The inorganic flame retardant panel of claim 1 or 2, wherein, the flame retardant panel is made by a method comprising:

firstly, carrying out a water dissolving process, namely mixing the manufacturing materials with water until the manufacturing materials become paste, wherein the length of the water dissolving process is more than 48 hours; the pasty mixture is then poured into a mold and heated until all the water has evaporated.

6. An inorganic fire protection plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fire protection plate product comprises a three-dimensional calcium silicate oxide framework structure consisting essentially of chain tricalcium silicate or dicalcium silicate or mixtures thereof, wherein the ratio of silicon to calcium is from 1: 4 to 1: 5,

7. an inorganic fire protection plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fire protection plate product comprises a three-dimensional calcium silicate oxide framework structure, which mainly comprises chain tricalcium silicate or dicalcium silicate or mixtures thereof, said three-dimensional calcium silicate oxide framework having a fiber diameter size of 10-100 μm.

8. The inorganic flame retardant panel of claim 1 or 2, wherein, the inorganic flame retardant panel can have a composite layer structure comprising three or more composite layers, wherein at least one interlayer is a silica fiber layer.

9. The inorganic flame retardant panel of claim 8, wherein, the silica fiber layer is made of a material comprising (by weight):

magnesium carbonate 40-55

Silica alumina 5-10

Calcium silicate 5-10

5-15 parts of calcium carbonate

3-5 parts of calcium hydroxide

Glass fiber 3-5

10. The inorganic fire retardant panel of claim 8, wherein, the silica fiber layer may be a silica fiber layer made of recycled material.

11. The inorganic flame retardant panel of claim 8, wherein, the flame retardant panel has three total layers, a first and third layer being the body layer, and a second layer located between the first and third layers being a silica fiber layer.

12. The inorganic flame retardant panel of claim 11, wherein, the flame retardant panel is made by a method comprising:

mixing the first layer of the materials with water until they become paste, injecting the paste mixture into a stainless steel mold, heating in an oven at 1-100 deg.C per minute until all water is evaporated;

the materials of the second layer are then mixed with water until they are in the form of a paste. The amount of calcium oxide is adjusted until the pH of the slurry is 8-10, and the slurry is poured into a mold made of stainless steel containing the first layer. Heating in an oven at 1-100 deg.C per minute until all water is evaporated;

adding a pasty third layer of material which is the same as the first layer of material, and heating in an oven at 1-100 deg.C per minute until all water is completely evaporated;

then the temperature in the oven is increased to between 1 and 140-160 ℃ per minute, and the mixture is heated in the oven for two to four hours until the silicon oxide fiber with the three-dimensional structure is formed in the structure of the final product.

13. The inorganic fire barrier according to claim 8, wherein the fire barrier has a total of five layers, in the order of first, second, third, fourth, and fifth, wherein the first and fifth layers are nano inorganic oxide layers, the second and fourth layers are bulk layers, and the third layer is a silica fiber layer.

14. The inorganic flame retardant panel of claim 13, wherein, the flame retardant panel is made by a method comprising:

mixing the third layer material with water until the third layer material becomes paste, and adjusting the weight of calcium oxide until the pH value of the paste is 8-10;

injecting the pasty mixture into a stainless steel mold containing the first layer and the second layer, and heating in an oven at 1-100 deg.C per minute until all water is evaporated;

then adding the fourth layer and the fifth layer of materials, adjusting the temperature in the oven to be increased by 1-140-160 ℃ per minute, and heating the mixture in the oven for two-four hours until the silicon oxide fiber with the three-dimensional structure is formed in the structure of the final product.

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