CN1679559A - 癌症的治疗 - Google Patents
癌症的治疗 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1679559A CN1679559A CNA2005100554588A CN200510055458A CN1679559A CN 1679559 A CN1679559 A CN 1679559A CN A2005100554588 A CNA2005100554588 A CN A2005100554588A CN 200510055458 A CN200510055458 A CN 200510055458A CN 1679559 A CN1679559 A CN 1679559A
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- tumor
- inhibitor
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- compound
- drug
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Abstract
雷帕霉素衍生物,任选地与化疗剂联合,在对实体瘤的治疗中有令人感兴趣的效果。
Description
本申请为2002年2月18日提交的申请号为PCT/EP2002/001714、发明名称为“癌症的治疗”的国际申请的分案申请,该申请于2003年9月19日进入中国国家阶段,申请号为02806844.0。
本发明涉及新用途,尤其涉及雷帕霉素及其衍生物的新用途。
雷帕霉素是由吸水链霉菌产生的已知的大环内酯类抗菌素。适宜的雷帕霉素衍生物包括例如式I化合物
其中
R1为CH3或C3-6炔基,
R2为H或-CH2-CH2-OH,且
X为=O、(H,H)或(H,OH)
其条件是,当X为=O且R1为CH3时,R2不为H。
式I化合物在例如WO 94/09010、WO 95/16691或WO 96/41807中已经公开,这些文献在此引入作为参考。可按照这些文献中公开的或与之相似的方法制备式I化合物。
优选的化合物是32-脱氧雷帕霉素、16-戊-2-炔基氧基-32-脱氧雷帕霉素、16-戊-2-炔基氧基-32(S)-二氢-雷帕霉素、16-戊-2-炔基氧基-32(S)-二氢-40-O-(2-羟乙基)-雷帕霉素,更优选如WO 94/09010实施例8中公开的40-O-(2-羟乙基)-雷帕霉素(以下称之为化合物A)。
根据所观察到的活性,例如WO94/09010、WO95/16691或WO96/41807中描述的与macrophilin-12(也称之为FK-506结合蛋白或FKBP-12)结合的活性,已发现式I化合物可用作免疫抑制剂用于例如治疗急性同种移植物排斥。目前已经发现式I化合物具有有效的抗增殖性质,使得它们可用于癌化疗,特别是实体瘤、尤其是晚期实体瘤的癌化疗。但仍需要扩充治疗实体瘤的癌症治疗手段,尤其是当用抗癌化合物治疗不能减轻或稳定疾病时。
根据本发明的具体发现,本发明提供了:
1.1一种在需要治疗的患者中治疗实体瘤的方法,包括给予所述患者治疗有效量的式I化合物。
1.2一种在需要治疗的患者中抑制实体瘤生长的方法,包括给予所述患者治疗有效量的式I化合物。
1.3一种在需要治疗的患者中诱导肿瘤消退如肿瘤体积减小的方法,包括给予所述患者治疗有效量的式I化合物。
1.4一种在需要治疗的患者中治疗实体瘤侵入或与该肿瘤生长有关之症状的方法,包括给予所述患者治疗有效量的式I化合物。
1.5一种在需要治疗的患者中预防肿瘤转移扩散或者预防或抑制微转移灶生长的方法,包括给予所述患者治疗有效量的式I化合物。
“实体瘤”指除淋巴癌之外的肿瘤和/或转移灶(无论在何处),例如脑或其它中枢神经系统肿瘤(如脑膜瘤、脑瘤、脊髓瘤、颅神经瘤和中枢神经系统其它部分的肿瘤,如恶性胶质瘤或髓胚细胞瘤);头和/或颈部癌;乳房肿瘤;循环系统肿瘤(例如心脏、纵隔和胸膜、以及胸廓内其它器官的肿瘤、血管瘤和与血管组织有关的肿瘤);分泌系统肿瘤(例如肾、肾孟、输尿管、膀胱、其它和未特别指出的泌尿器官);胃肠道肿瘤(例如食道、胃、小肠、结肠、结肠直肠、直肠乙状结肠结合点、直肠、肛门、肛管),涉及肝及肝内输胆管、胆囊、胆道的其它和未特别指出部分、胰腺及其它消化器官的肿瘤;头和颈;口腔(嘴唇、舌头、牙龈、口腔底部、腭和口腔的其它部分、腮腺和唾液腺其它部分、扁桃体、口咽、鼻咽、梨形窦、咽下部和嘴唇、口腔及咽的其它部位);生殖系统肿瘤(例如外阴、阴道、子宫颈、子宫体、子宫、卵巢和女性生殖器官的其它部位、胎盘、阴茎、前列腺、睾丸和男性生殖器官的其它部位);呼吸道肿瘤(例如鼻腔和中耳、副鼻窦、喉、气管、支气管和肺,例如小细胞肺癌或非小细胞肺癌);骨骼系统肿瘤(例如四肢的骨和关节软骨、骨关节软骨和其它部位);皮肤肿瘤(例如皮肤恶性黑色素瘤、非黑色素瘤皮肤癌、皮肤基底细胞癌、皮肤鳞状细胞癌、间皮瘤、Kaposi’s肉瘤);和涉及其它组织、包括外周神经和植物神经系统、结缔组织和软组织、腹膜后腔和腹膜、眼及附件、甲状腺、肾上腺和其它内分泌腺及有关结构的肿瘤、继发性和未特别指出的恶性淋巴结瘤、呼吸和消化系统的继发性恶性肿瘤和其它部位的继发性恶性肿瘤。
在以上和以下提到肿瘤、肿瘤疾病、癌或恶性肿瘤时,还单独或同时暗指原发器官或组织和/或其它任一部位的转移瘤,不管肿瘤和/或转移瘤是在何处。
在一系列其它特定或可供选择的实施方案中,本发明还提供了
1.6一种在需要治疗的患者中治疗与血管生成失调有关的疾病的方法,包括给予所述患者治疗有效量的雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物。
1.7一种在需要治疗的患者中抑制或控制血管生成失调的方法,包括给予所述患者治疗有效量的雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物。
1.8一种在需要治疗的患者中提高化疗剂的活性或克服对化疗剂抗药性的方法,包括在施用所述化疗剂的同时和之后给予所述患者治疗有效量的雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物。
1.9根据1.8所述的方法,其中的化疗剂是针对宿主细胞或涉及肿瘤形成和/或转移灶形成过程的、或者被肿瘤细胞用于增殖、生存、分化或产生抗药性的信号转导途径的抑制剂。
1.10如上所述的方法,其中雷帕霉素或其衍生物例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物间断性地给药。
CCI779是雷帕霉素衍生物,例如40-[3-羟基-2-(羟基甲基)-2-甲基丙酸酯]-雷帕霉素或可药用盐,其公开于例如美国专利US5,362,718中。ABT578是还包含烯还原的40-取代的雷帕霉素衍生物。
与血管生成失调有关的疾病实例非限制性地包括如肿瘤疾病,例如实体瘤。血管生成被认为是那些生长超过一定直径如1-2mm的肿瘤的必要条件。
在一系列其它特定或可供选择的实施方案中,本发明还提供了
2.1用于上述1.1至1.5中定义的任一方法的式I化合物。
2.2用于上述1.6至1.10中或下述7中定义的任一方法的雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物。
3.1用于制备如上述1.1至1.5中定义的任一方法中使用的药物组合物的式I化合物。
3.2用于制备上述1.6至1.10或下述7中定义的任一方法中使用的药物组合物的雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物。
4.1一种用于上述1.1至1.5中定义的任一方法的药物组合物,含有式I化合物和一种或多种可药用稀释剂或载体。
4.2一种用于上述1.6至1.10和下述7中定义的任一方法的药物组合物,含有雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物如化合物A,和一种或多种可药用稀释剂或载体。
5.1一种药物组合物,含有a)第一种药物,其为雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物如化合物A,和b)辅助药物,其为化疗药,例如以下所定义的。
5.2一种药物组合物,含有一定量的可产生协同治疗效果的a)第一种药物,其为雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物如化合物A,和b)辅助药物,其为选自以下(iv)或(v)段中定义的化合物的化疗药。
6.一种如上定义的方法,包括共同给药,例如同时或依次给药治疗有效量的雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物如化合物A,和合用药物,所述的合用药物为化疗药,如以下所指出的。
7.一种治疗移植后淋巴增生疾病或淋巴癌的方法,例如在需要治疗的患者中治疗肿瘤侵入或与肿瘤生长有关之症状的方法,包括向所述患者共同给药,例如同时或依次给药雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI779、ABT578或式I化合物如化合物A,和合用药物,所述的合用药物为化疗药,如以下所指出的。
“淋巴癌”是指例如血液和淋巴系统肿瘤(例如霍奇金病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、伯基特淋巴瘤、与AIDS有关的淋巴瘤、恶性免疫增生病、多发性骨髓瘤和恶性浆细胞瘤、淋巴白血病、骨髓白血病、急性或慢性淋巴细胞白血病、单核细胞白血病、其它指定细胞类型的白血病、未特别指出细胞类型的白血病、其它和未特别指出的淋巴、造血及有关组织的恶性肿瘤例如弥散性大细胞淋巴瘤、T-细胞淋巴瘤或皮肤T-细胞淋巴瘤)。
“化疗药”尤其是指除雷帕霉素或其衍生物之外的任一化疗药。它包括但不限于:
i.芳香酶抑制药,
ii.抗雌激素药、抗雄激素药(特别是患前列腺癌时)或戈那瑞林激动剂,
iii.拓扑异构酶I抑制剂或拓扑异构酶II抑制剂,
iv.微管活化剂、烷化剂、抗肿瘤抗代谢药物或铂配合物,
v.靶向/减小蛋白或脂类激酶活性或者蛋白或脂类磷酸酶活性的化合物,其它抗血管生成化合物或可诱导细胞分化过程的化合物,
vi.缓激肽1受体或血管紧张素II拮抗剂,
vii.环加氧酶抑制剂、二磷酸酯化合物、组蛋白脱酰酶抑制剂、肝素酶(heparinase)抑制剂(防止硫酸乙酰肝素降解)如PI-88、生物学应答修饰剂,优选淋巴因子或干扰素,例如干扰素γ、遍在蛋白化抑制剂或能阻断抗细胞凋亡途径的抑制剂。
viii.Ras致癌同种型抑制剂,例如H-Ras、K-Ras或N-Ras,或法尼基转移酶抑制剂,例如L-744,832或DK8G557,
ix.端粒末端转移酶抑制剂,例如telomestatin,
x.蛋白酶抑制剂、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂、蛋氨酸氨基肽酶抑制剂,例如bengamide或其衍生物,或蛋白体抑制剂,例如PS-341。
这里使用的术语“芳香酶抑制剂”涉及能抑制雌激素生成,即将雄甾烯二酮和睾酮底物分别转化为雌酮和雌二醇的化合物。该术语包括但不局限于甾类,尤其是阿他美坦、依西美坦和福美坦,和特别是非甾类,尤其是氨鲁米特、罗谷亚胺、吡啶基苯乙哌啶酮、曲洛司坦、睾内酯、酮康唑、伏氯唑、法倔唑、阿那曲唑和来曲唑。依西美坦可以如市售形式如商标为AROMASINTM的形式给药。福美坦可以如市售形式如商标为LENTARONTM的形式给药。法倔唑可以如市售形式如商标为AFEMATM的形式给药。阿那曲唑可以如市售形式如商标为ARIMIDEXTM的形式给药。来曲唑可以如市售形式如商标为FEMARATM或FEMARTM的形式给药。氨鲁米特可以如市售形式如商标为ORIMETENTM的形式给药。本发明中含芳香酶抑制药化疗剂的联合给药对治疗激素受体阳性肿瘤如乳瘤特别有效。
这里使用的术语“抗雌激素药”涉及能在雌激素受体水平拮抗雌激素效应的化合物。该术语包括但不局限于他莫昔芬、氟维司群、雷洛昔芬和盐酸雷洛昔芬。他莫昔芬可以如市售形式如商标NOLVADEXTM的形式给药。盐酸雷洛昔芬可以如市售形式如商标为EVISTATM的形式给药。氟维司群可按US 4,659,516中公开的内容制得或以如市售形式如商标为FASLODEXTM的形式给药。本发明中含有抗雌激素药化疗剂的联合给药对治疗雌激素受体阳性肿瘤如乳瘤特别有效。
这里使用的术语“抗雄激素药”涉及能抑制雄性激素生物学效应的任一物质,包括但不局限于比卡鲁胺(CASODEXTM),其可按照US 4,636,505中公开的内容配制。
这里使用的术语“戈那瑞林激动剂”包括但不局限于阿巴瑞克、戈舍瑞林和醋酸戈舍瑞林。戈舍瑞林在US 4,100,274中公开,可以如市售形式如商标为ZOLADEXTM的形式给药。阿巴瑞克可按照US 5,843,901中公开的内容配制。
这里使用的术语“拓扑异构酶I抑制剂”包括但不局限于托泊替康、伊立替康、9-硝基喜树碱和大分子喜树碱轭合物PNU-166148(WO99/17804中的化合物A1)。伊立替康可以例如市售形式如商标为CAMPTOSARTM的形式给药。托泊替康可以如市售形式如商标为HYCAMTINTM的形式给药。
这里使用的术语“拓扑异构酶II抑制剂”包括但不局限于蒽环霉素类如阿霉素(包括脂质体剂型,例如CAELYXTM)、柔红霉素、表柔比星、伊达比星和奈莫柔比星(nemorubicin)、蒽醌米托蒽醌和洛索蒽醌,和鬼臼脂素(podophyllotoxines)依托泊苷和替尼泊苷。依托泊苷可以例如市售形式如商标为ETOPOPHOSTM的形式给药。替尼泊苷以如市售形式如商标为VM26-BRISTOLTM的形式给药。阿霉素以如市售形式如商标为ADRIBLASTINTM的形式给药。表柔比星以如市售形式如商标为FARMORUBICINTM的形式给药。伊达比星以如市售形式如商标为ZAVEDOSTM的形式给药。米托蒽醌以如市售形式如商标为NOVANTRONTM的形式给药。
这里使用的术语“微管活化药”涉及微管稳定药和微管去稳定药,包括但不局限于紫杉烷类如紫杉醇和多西他赛,长春生物碱如长春花碱,特别是硫酸长春花碱、长春新碱,特别是硫酸长春新碱、和长春瑞滨、discodermolide和埃博霉素及其衍生物,如埃博霉素B或其衍生物。紫杉醇以如市售形式如商标为TAXOLTM的形式给药。多西他赛以如市售形式如商标为TAXOTERETM的形式给药。硫酸长春花碱以例如市售形式如商标为VINBLASTIN R.P.TM的形式给药。硫酸长春新碱以例如市售形式如商标为FARMISTINTM的形式给药。Discodermolide可如US 5,010,099公开的内容中得到。
这里使用的术语“烷化剂”包括但不局限于环磷酰胺、异环磷酰胺、苯丙氨酸氮芥或亚硝基脲(BCNU或GliadelTM)。环磷酰胺以例如市售形式如商标为CYCLOSTINTM的形式给药。异环磷酰胺以例如市售形式如商标为HOLOXANTM的形式给药。
术语“抗肿瘤抗代谢药物”包括但不局限于5-氟尿嘧啶、卡培他滨、吉西他滨、甲氨蝶呤和依达曲沙。卡培他滨以例如市售形式如商标为XELODATM的形式给药。吉西他滨以例如市售形式如商标为GEMZARTM的形式给药。
这里使用的术语“铂配合物”包括但不局限于卡铂、顺铂和奥沙利铂。卡铂以例如市售形式如商标为CARBOPLATTM的形式给药。奥沙利铂以例如市售形式如商标为ELOXATINTM的形式给药。
这里使用的术语“靶向/减小蛋白或脂类激酶活性或者蛋白或脂类磷酸酶活性的化合物,其它抗血管生成化合物”包括但不局限于蛋白酪氨酸激酶和/或丝氨酸和/或苏氨酸激酶抑制剂或脂激酶抑制剂,例如能靶向、减小或抑制以下酶活性的化合物:酪氨酸激酶受体的表皮生长因子家族(EGFR、ErbB2、ErbB3、ErbB4作为同或异二聚物)、酪氨酸激酶受体的血管内皮生长因子家族(VEGFR)、血小板源性生长因子受体(PDGFR)、成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)、胰岛素样生长因子受体-1(IGF-1R)、Trk酪氨酸激酶受体家族、Axl酪氨酸激酶受体家族、Ret酪氨酸激酶受体、Kit/SCFR酪氨酸激酶受体、c-Abl家族成员及其基因融合物(例如BCR-Abl)、蛋白激酶C(PKC)和丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶的Raf家族成员、MEK、SRC、JAK、FAK、PDK或PI(3)激酶家族成员或与PI(3)激酶有关的激酶家族成员、和/或细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶家族(CDK)成员和有其它例如与蛋白或脂类激酶抑制无关的活性机理的抗血管生成化合物。
靶向、减小或抑制VEGFR活性的化合物尤其是能抑制VEGF酪氨酸激酶受体、抑制VEGF受体或与VEGF结合的化合物、蛋白质或抗体,和特别是那些WO 98/35958中、或如WO 00/09495、WO 00/27820、WO00/59509、WO 98/11223、WO 00/27819和EP 0 769947中一般和具体公开的化合物、蛋白质或单克隆抗体,例如1-(4-氯苯氨基)-4-(4-吡啶基甲基)酞嗪或可药用盐,如琥珀酸盐;那些如M.Prewett等人在Cancer Research
59(1999)5209-5218中、F.Yuan等人在Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,vol.93,pp.14765-14770,Dec.1996中、Z.Zhu等人在Cancer Res.58,1998,3209-3214中和J.Mordenti等人在Toxicologic Pathology,Vol.27,no.1,pp 14-21,1999中描述的化合物;WO 00/37502和WO 94/10202中的化合物;M.S.O’Reilly等人在Cell 79,1994,315-328中描述的AngiostatinTM;M.S.O’Reilly等人在Cell 88,1997,277-285中描述的EndostatinTM;邻氨基苯甲酸酰胺;ZD4190;ZD6474;SU5416;SU6668;或抗VEGF抗体或抗-VEGF受体抗体,例如RhuMab。
抗体指完整的单克隆抗体、多克隆抗体、由至少两种完整抗体形成的多种类抗体、和抗体碎片,只要该抗体碎片能表现出希望的生物学活性。
靶向、减小或抑制表皮生长因子受体家族活性的化合物尤其是能抑制EGF酪氨酸激酶受体家族成员如EGF受体、ErbB2、ErbB3和ErbB4或结合EGF或EGF有关配体的化合物、蛋白质或抗体,和特别是那些WO97/02266中一般和具体公开的化合物、蛋白质或单克隆抗体,如实施例39的化合物,或者在EP 0 564 409、WO 99/03854、EP 0520722、EP 0 566 226、EP 0 787 722、EP 0 837 063、US 5,747,498、WO 98/10767、WO 97/30034、WO 97/49688、WO 97/38983中和尤其在WO 96/30347(如已知化合物CP358774)、WO 96/33980(如已知化合物ZD 1839)和WO 95/03283(如化合物ZM105180)中公开的化合物、蛋白质或单克隆抗体;例如曲妥单抗(HerpetinR)、西妥昔单抗、Iressa、OSI-774、CI-1033、EKB-569、GW-2016、E1.1、E2.4、E2.5、E6.2、E6.4、E2.11、E6.3或E7.6.3。
靶向、减小或抑制PDGFR活性的化合物尤其是能抑制PDGF受体的化合物,例如N-苯基-2-嘧啶-胺衍生物,如伊马替尼。
靶向、减小或抑制c-AbI家族成员及其基因融合产物活性的化合物例如是N-苯基-2-嘧啶-胺衍生物,如伊马替尼;PD180970;AG957或NSC680410。
靶向、减小或抑制蛋白激酶C、Raf、MEK、SRC、JAK、FAK和PDK家族成员或PI(3)激酶或与PI(3)激酶有关家族成员和/或细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶家族(CDK)成员活性的化合物,尤其是那些EP 0 296 110中公开的星孢素衍生物如米哚妥林;其它化合物的实施例包括例如UCN-01、沙芬戈、BAY 43-9006、苔藓抑素1、哌立福辛;伊莫福新;RO 318220和RO 320432;GO 6976;Isis 3521;或LY333531/LY379196。
其它抗血管生成化合物例如是萨力多胺(THALOMID)和TNP-470。
靶向、减小或抑制蛋白或脂质磷酸酶活性的化合物例如是磷酸酶1、磷酸酶2A、PTEN或CDC25如冈田酸或其衍生物的抑制剂。
能诱导细胞变异过程的化合物例如是视黄酸、α-、γ-或δ-生育酚或α-、γ-或δ-生育三烯酚。
这里使用的术语环加氧酶抑制剂包括但不局限于例如塞来考昔(CelebrexR)、罗非考昔(VioxxR)、etoricoxib、伐地考昔或5-烷基-2-氨基氨基苯基乙酸如5-甲基-2-(2’-氯-6’-氟苯氨基)苯基乙酸。
这里使用的术语“组蛋白脱酰酶抑制剂”包括但不局限于MS-27-275、SAHA、pyroxamide、FR-901228或丙戊酸。
这里使用的术语“二磷酸酯化合物”包括但不局限于依替膦酸、氯膦酸、替鲁膦酸、帕米膦酸、阿仑膦酸、伊班膦酸、利塞膦酸和唑来膦酸。“依替膦酸”以例如市售形式如商标为DIDRONELTM的形式给药。“氯膦酸”以例如市售形式如商标为BONEFOSTM的形式给药。“替鲁膦酸”以例如市售形式如商标为SKELIDTM的形式给药。“帕米膦酸”以例如市售形式如商标为AREDIATM的形式给药。“阿仑膦酸”以例如市售形式如商标为FOSAMAXTM的形式给药。“伊班膦酸”以例如市售形式如商标为BONDRANATTM的形式给药。“利塞膦酸”以例如市售形式如商标为ACTONELTM的形式给药。“唑来膦酸”以例如市售形式如商标为ZOMETATM的形式给药。
这里使用的术语“基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂”包括但不局限于胶原模拟肽和非模拟肽抑制剂、四环素衍生物例如异羟肟酸模拟肽抑制剂巴马司他及其口服生物可接受类似物马立马司他、普啉司他、BMS-279251、BAY12-9566、TAA211或AAJ996。
当给出引用的专利申请或科学出版物时,与化合物有关的主题引入本申请作为参考。同样包括其中公开的可药用盐、相应的外消旋体、非对映异构体、对映体、互变异构体以及上述公开化合物的相应的结晶变型(如果存在的话),例如溶剂化物、水合物和多晶型。在本发明的组合物中作为活性成分的化合物可按照引用文献中描述的方法制备和给药。含两种以上上述各活性成分的联合形式也在本发明的范围内,即,本发明范围内的药物联合形式可以包含三种或更多种活性成分。此外第一种药物和合用药物是不同的组分。
可用动物试验和临床试验例如以下描述的方法证明式I化合物在治疗以上指出的实体瘤中的用途。
A.体外试验
A.1与其它药物联合的抗增殖活性
将细胞系,例如化合物A抗性A549细胞系(IC50在低nM范围内)与对照化合物A抗性KB-31和HCT116细胞系(IC50在μM范围内)加入96孔培养板(100μl介质中1,500细胞/孔),孵育24小时。接着,在另外的试管中(每个化合物以IC50的8倍浓度开始)单独或成对联合地制备各化合物(式I化合物或已知化疗剂)的双倍系列稀释液,将稀释液加入孔中。将细胞再孵育3天。第四天用亚甲蓝染色,检测结合染料的量(与可结合染料的存活细胞数成正比)。随后用Calcusyn程序测定IC50,该程序提供了相互作用的量度标准,即所谓的非唯一联合指数(CI),其中:CI~1=相互作用几乎是相加的;0.85-0.9=轻微协同作用;<0.85=协同作用。在本试验中,式I化合物与另一种化疗药联合表现出令人感兴趣的抗增殖活性。例如下述的化合物A与顺铂、紫杉醇、吉西他滨和阿霉素联合得到的CI值,表现出协同效应。
| CI | ||||
| 细胞系 | 顺铂 | 紫杉醇 | 吉西他滨 | 阿霉素 |
| KB-31 | 0.74 | 0.9 | 0.79 | 0.7 |
| A549 | 0.47 | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.64 |
| HCT116 | 0.47 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.52 |
此外,在本试验中,化合物A与吉西他滨联合给药时加强了A549细胞活力的丧失和细胞死亡。
A.2抗血管生成活性
在用人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)进行的测定雷帕霉素或其衍生物如化合物A的抗增殖活性中的体外试验中,表明对VEGF-和bFGF-以及FBS-刺激的增殖的IC50值分别为120±22pM和841±396,以及>10 000pM。另外,在同一浓度范围内,化合物A对bFGF-刺激的正常人皮肤成纤维细胞(NHDF)的增殖没有明显影响。这些结果表明化合物A可抑制HUVEC的增殖,特别对抗VEGF-诱导的增殖有效,而VEGF是关键的促血管生成因子。
B.体内试验
在下述测定中,抗肿瘤活性用T/C%(指治疗动物肿瘤体积增加的平均值除以对照动物肿瘤体积增加的平均值再乘以100)和%消退(肿瘤体积减去最初肿瘤体积后除以最初肿瘤体积再乘以100)表示。
B.1在A549人肺肿瘤异种皮移植中的活性
将A549肿瘤的碎片(大约25mg;来源于细胞系CCL 185,ATCC,Rockville MD,USA)皮下植入BALB/c裸鼠的左侧腹。植入肿瘤后第7或12天开始治疗。待测化合物分别在第7/12天到第38/55天每天口服给药一次。在本测定中,当每日给药剂量为0.1mg/kg至2.5mg/kg时,式I化合物表现出对肿瘤生长的剂量依赖性抑制;例如在一个典型试验中,将化合物A以2.5mg/kg剂量给药可引起持续消退(41%);剂量为0.5mg/kg时引起短期消退(第17天时为38%),最终T/C为16%,剂量为0.1mg/kg时减缓了肿瘤生长,最终T/C为43%(对照动物T/C为100%)。
B.2在KB-31人表皮肿瘤异种皮移植中的活性
将KB-31肿瘤碎片(大约25mg;来源于从Roswell Park MemorialInstitute Buffalo,NY,USA得到的细胞系)皮下植入BALB/c裸鼠的左侧腹。植入肿瘤后第7或10天开始治疗。待测化合物分别在第7/10天到第25/35天每天口服给药一次。抗肿瘤活性用上述T/C%表示。在本测定中,当每日给药剂量为0.5mg/kg至2.5mg/kg时,式I化合物抑制肿瘤生长;例如在一个典型试验中,将化合物A以2.5mg/kg/天的剂量给药时,最终T/C值为25%,(对照动物T/C为100%)。
B.3对CA20948鼠胰腺肿瘤的活性
给雄性Lewis鼠左侧腹皮下注射来源于供体鼠的CA20948肿瘤细胞混悬液建立肿瘤。在接种第4天开始治疗。待测化合物在接种后第4天至第9-15天每天(每星期6天)口服给药一次。抗肿瘤活性用上述T/C%表示。在本测定中,每日给药剂量为0.5mg/kg至2.5mg/kg时,式I化合物抑制肿瘤生长;例如在一个典型试验中,化合物A以每日剂量2.5mg/kg口服给药时,最终T/C值为23%。在同一试验中,将化合物A间断性给药(5mg/kg,每星期两次),最终T/C值为32%。在这些测定中,与赋形剂对照相比,化合物A明显并持续地减慢了CA20948胰腺肿瘤的生长速度(对照动物T/C为100%)。
将式I化合物(例如化合物A)按照上述方法在其它肿瘤模型中进行了测试。例如,当对人NCI H-596肺肿瘤模型和人MEXF 989黑色素瘤模型分别以2.5mg/kg或5mg/kg化合物A的每日剂量给药时,最终T/C分别为18%和9%;当对同位移植小鼠B16/BL6黑色素瘤模型以5mg/kg的剂量给药时,最终的T/C分别为20%(原发肿瘤)和36%(子宫颈淋巴结转移瘤),当对人AR42J胰腺肿瘤模型给药时为24%;当对多重耐药性(MDR)人KB-8511表皮细胞肿瘤模型以2.5mg/kg的剂量给药时,最终T/C为28%。当将式I化合物(例如化合物A)间断性地(例如每个星期连续两天或每星期两次)对植入人AR42J胰腺肿瘤的小鼠给药时,也能得到良好的抗肿瘤效果。
B.4与阿霉素联合给药
植入了人KB-31表皮样瘤的小鼠用阿霉素5mg/kg每周静注一次、式I化合物如化合物A 2.5mg/kg口服每天一次或两者联合给药治疗21天。然后在联合组中继续用式I化合物单独治疗,以确定式I化合物是否能抑制可对常规药物应答的肿瘤生长。抗肿瘤活性用上述T/C%或%消退来表示。例如,与单独使用相比(化合物A,T/C为32%;阿霉素,44%消退),化合物A与阿霉素联合产生了较强的抗肿瘤效应(74%消退)。加入化合物A治疗没有加重因阿霉素引起的体重减轻。停用联合组中的阿霉素,继续用化合物A治疗抑制了肿瘤的生长,阿霉素单独治疗组的肿瘤体积明显大于联合组的肿瘤体积。经过14天治疗后,联合给药更进一步表现出比单独使用阿霉素治疗(3/8肿瘤)更快的治愈速度(8/8肿瘤)。
B.5与顺铂联合给药
植入了人NCI H-596肺肿瘤的小鼠用顺铂2.5mg/kg静注每周一次、式I化合物如化合物A 2.5mg/kg口服给药每天一次或两者联合给药治疗21天。抗肿瘤活性用上述T/C%或%消退来表示。与单独使用相比(化合物A,T/C为26%;顺铂,T/C为26%),化合物A与顺铂的联合给药产生了较强的抗肿瘤效应(5%消退)。联合给药没有恶化患者的耐受性。
B.6抗血管生成活性
将B16/BL6细胞(5×104)皮下注入C57BL/6鼠的耳内。7天后,开始用雷帕霉素或其衍生物如化合物A或赋形剂进行治疗。每天治疗,两星期后采集原发肿瘤和子宫颈淋巴结来测量血管密度。临杀死小鼠前,静脉注射核染色染料(Hoechst 33342,20mg/kg)可以看到肿瘤内灌注血管的内皮。将肿瘤和转移瘤快速冷冻,切片用有表面荧光源的光学显微镜检测。通过荧光H33342-标记的内皮细胞来测定整个肿瘤切片的血管数量和尺寸。血管分为10μm尺寸范围的组。用直方图频率分析评价血管尺寸的分布。与对照相比,口服剂量为5mg/kg的雷帕霉素或其衍生物同时减小了原发肿瘤(如化合物A的T/C为50%)和转移瘤(如化合物A的T/C为40%)中的血管密度。雷帕霉素或其衍生物如化合物A还改变了转移瘤中血管尺寸的分布。
B.7与抗血管生成药联合给药
将B16/BL6细胞(5×104)皮下注入C57BL/6小鼠的耳内。7天后,开始用雷帕霉素或其衍生物如化合物A、VEGF酪氨酸激酶受体抑制剂如1-(4-氯苯氨基)-4-(4-吡啶基甲基)酞嗪或其盐如琥珀酸盐、或者两者联合给药进行治疗,分别检测对原发肿瘤和子宫颈淋巴结转移瘤生长和重量的影响。每天单独给药抗血管生成药(100mg/kg,口服)或者雷帕霉素或其衍生物如化合物A(1mg/kg,口服)能减小原发肿瘤的尺寸(最终T/C分别为65%和74%),而这两种药的联合有协同作用(T/C为12%)。单独用雷帕霉素或其衍生物如化合物A和抗血管生成药治疗减小了子宫颈淋巴结(涉及局部转移瘤)的重量(T/C分别为75%和34%),联合给药进一步减小了淋巴结重量(T/C为13%)。与对照相比,本治疗明显增加了体重。对于原发肿瘤,可能的相互作用的分析表明化合物A与抗血管生成药之间有协同作用,抗血管生成药/对照=0.66;化合物A/对照=0.77;化合物A与抗血管生成药/对照=0.135。化合物A与抗血管生成药/对照<化合物A/对照x抗血管生成药/对照(0.51),这被定义为协同作用。对于转移瘤,分析也表明化合物A和抗血管生成药之间有协同作用,抗血管生成药/对照=0.337;化合物A/对照=0.75;化合物A与抗血管生成药/对照=0.122。化合物A与抗血管生成药/对照<化合物A/对照x抗血管生成药/对照(0.252),这也被定义为协同作用(Clark,Breast Cancer Research Treatment 1997;46:255)。
C.临床试验
C.1式I化合物如化合物A单独治疗实体瘤的临床效果研究
研究目的:通过逐渐增加剂量的研究,确定所述化合物每周口服一次的最佳剂量以及最佳剂量在实体瘤中的效力。
该研究分为两个部分:
第一部分:
主要目的:确定式I化合物如化合物A每周口服给药一次的最佳剂量,假定该剂量是与长时间抑制mTOR以及至少相当于可以获得体内临床前水
平的抗肿瘤效果的所述化合物的血液水平有关的最小剂量。
次要目的:单独给予癌症患者所述化合物时评价其安全性和评价肿瘤代谢活性的变化。
方案:每组4名患有晚期恶性实体瘤且常规治疗无效的患者的平行组,以不同的剂量每7天一次接受式I化合物如化合物A的治疗(第一组5mg;第二组10mg;第三组20mg)共4个星期。在第四个星期,建立药动学曲线并根据外周淋巴细胞中p70s6激酶的抑制作用建立mTOR抑制曲线。进行18-氟脱氧葡糖(FDG)正电子发射断层扫描(FDG-PET)图象(在第1次给药之前,第3次给药之后)比较来研究肿瘤代谢的变化。
患者主要选择标准:患有晚期(III-V)实体瘤的成人,标准治疗无效。至少有一个可被测量的肿瘤损害(有一个尺寸>20mm)。
评价的主要变量:安全性(副作用)、标准血清生物化学和血液学、待测化合物的血液水平、淋巴p70-s6激酶活性、通过FDG-PET测定肿瘤摄取葡萄糖的变化。
第二部分:
主要目的:当式I化合物如化合物A以第一部分中确定的最佳剂量每周给药一次时,研究其对患有晚期实体瘤的患者的效果,以肿瘤应答表示。
次要目的:评价所述化合物在该剂量下的安全性。
方案:20名患有发展中、晚期(III-V)实体瘤的患者,标准治疗无效,以第一部分中推荐的剂量接受所述化合物的治疗。每周通过物理和实验室检查调查患者的一般临床状态。通过放射学检查每两个月评价一次肿瘤负荷的变化。患者最初接受2个月的治疗。此后只要他们的疾病没有发展和药物是可令人满意地忍受的,继续治疗。
评价的主要变量:安全性(副作用)、标准血清生物化学和血液学、计算机断层扫描(CT)或磁共振成像(MRI)测得的肿瘤体积。
C.2联合治疗
适当的临床学研究例如是,对患有晚期实体瘤的患者进行公开标记、非随机的剂量增加研究。该研究特别证明了本发明的组合物中活性成分之间的协同作用。对增殖疾病的有益效果可直接通过这些研究的结果或者本领域普通技术人员已知的研究方案中的变化来确定。这样的研究特别适合用于比较活性成分单独治疗和本发明组合物的治疗效果。优选地,增加药物(a)的剂量至最大忍受剂量,合用药物(b)以固定剂量给药。或者,药物(a)以固定剂量给药,合用药物(b)的剂量增加。每个患者或者每天或者间断性地接受药物(a)。可通过这样的研究,例如在12、18或24个星期后每6个星期一次的肿瘤放射学评价来检测治疗效果。
或者,可采用安慰剂对照组、双盲研究来证实本文中所提到的本发明联合形式的有益效果。
当单独使用式I化合物时,实施本发明中方法所需要的剂量随着例如所用化合物、宿主、给药方式和治疗病情的严重程度而变化。优选每日剂量范围为0.1-25mg,作为单剂量或分开剂量给药。适于患者的每日口服剂量为例如0.1至25mg。化合物A可以任一常规途径给药,特别是肠内给药如口服给药(例如以片剂、胶囊、饮用溶液的形式)、经鼻、经肺(吸入)或者非胃肠道给药(例如以注射液或注射混悬液的形式)。适合口服给药的单位剂量形式含约0.05至12.5mg,通常为0.25至10mg化合物A,和一种或多种可药用的稀释剂或载体。
本发明的联合形式也可与手术治疗、轻微长时间升高整个体温和/或照射治疗联合。
施用本发明的药物组合物不仅产生了例如协同治疗效果(例如减慢、停止或逆转肿瘤的形成或延长肿瘤的响应期)这样的有益效果,而且还产生了其它令人惊讶的有益效果,例如与仅使用本发明组合物中所使用的药物活性成分之一的单独治疗相比,特别是在治疗用其它用作抗癌药的化疗剂无效的肿瘤时,副作用减少、生活质量提高或者死亡率和发病率降低。特别地,当合用药物(b)与第一种药物(a)联合使用时,观察到其在肿瘤组织和肿瘤细胞中的摄取量增加。
另一方面的有益效果是可使用较小剂量的本发明组合物中的活性成分,例如剂量不仅可以更小而且使用频率可以更低,或者当控制肿瘤形成的增长时可用于减小副作用的发生率。这与被治疗患者的希望和需要是一致的。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,一种优选的药物组合物含有
a)式I化合物如化合物A,和
b)一种或多种作为合用药物的、如上述(ii)、(iii)或(iv)段中指出的化合物,例如卡铂、顺铂、紫杉醇、多西他赛、吉西他滨或阿霉素。
特别优选含式I化合物如化合物A和卡铂、顺铂、紫杉醇、多西他赛、吉西他滨或阿霉素的协同组合物。
其它优选的药物组合物是,例如如下组合物,其含有
a)雷帕霉素或其衍生物,例如CCI-779、ABT578或化合物A,和
b)一种或多种作为合用药物的、如上述(i)和(v)至(x)段中指出的化合物,优选一种或多种如上述(v)段中指出的化合物。
优选例如雷帕霉素或其衍生物如CCI-779、ABT578或化合物A与能靶向、减小或抑制如上公开的VEGFR、EGFR家族、PDGFR、c-ABl家族成员或蛋白激酶C活性的化合物的协同组合物。
本发明的一个特定实施方案涉及本发明的组合物在预防、延迟发展或治疗乳癌或者在制备用于预防、延迟发展或治疗乳癌的药物中的用途。在该实施方案中,该组合物优选含有可作为合用药物b)的芳香酶抑制药如芳香酶抑制药来曲唑、抗雌激素药如他莫昔芬、拓扑异构酶II抑制剂如阿霉素、或微管活化药如紫杉醇。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及本发明的组合物在预防、延迟发展或治疗肺癌或者在制备用于预防、延迟发展或治疗肺癌的药物中的用途。在该实施方案中,该组合物优选含有可作为合用药物b)的铂配合物如卡铂或微管活化药如紫杉醇。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及本发明的组合物在预防、延迟发展或治疗胰腺癌或者在制备用于预防、延迟发展或治疗胰腺癌的药物中的用途。在该实施方案中,该组合物优选含有可作为合用药物b)的抗肿瘤抗代谢药物如吉西他滨。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及本发明的组合物在预防、延迟发展或治疗恶性胶质瘤或者在制备用于预防、延迟发展或治疗恶性胶质瘤的药物中的用途。在该实施方案中,该组合物优选含有可作为合用药物b)的烷化剂如BCNU。
本发明的另一个实施方案涉及雷帕霉素或其衍生物与化疗剂联合在治疗例如如上所公开的淋巴癌中的用途。该组合物可另外含有可作为合用药物b)的二甲磺酸丁酯、阿糖孢苷、6-硫基鸟嘌呤、氟达拉滨、羟基脲、丙卡巴肼、博莱霉素或甲氨蝶呤。优选的合用药物(b)是拓扑异构酶II抑制剂如柔红霉素或者尤其是能靶向、减小或抑制PDGFR或c-AbI家族成员及其基因融合产物活性的化合物例如伊马替尼。
这里使用的术语“共同给药”或“联合给药”或相似术语包括将选择的治疗剂向单个患者给药,包括其中的药物不一定以同样的给药途径给药或同时给药的治疗方案。
本发明的目的之一是提供一种含有联合治疗增殖性恶性疾病有效量的本发明组合物的药物组合物。在该组合物中,第一种药物a)和合用药物b)可以以一个联合的单位剂量形式或两个单独的单位剂量形式同时给药、连接给药或分别给药。单位剂量形式也可以是固定的组合物。
根据本发明,用于分开给药第一种药物a)和合用药物b)以及用于以固定的组合给药的药物组合物,即含有至少两种联用组分a)和b)的单一盖仑组合物,可以以本身已知的方式制备,并且是那些适合于肠内如口服或直肠和非胃肠道对哺乳动物(温血动物)、包括人给药的组合物,其含有治疗有效量的至少一种如上所指出的药理学活性的联用组分,或同时含有一种或多种可药用的载体或稀释剂,特别是适合于肠内或非胃肠道使用的载体或稀释剂。
适合的药物组合物含有,例如约0.1%至约99.9%、优选约1%至60%的活性成分。用于通过肠内或非胃肠道给药进行联合治疗的药物制剂是例如单位剂量形式的制剂,如糖包衣片、片剂、胶囊或栓剂,或安瓿。如果没有另外说明,这些剂型以本身已知的方式制备,例如常规混合、制粒、糖包衣、溶解或冷冻干燥法。应当理解的是,既然可以通过给药多个剂量单位来达到所需的有效量,每个剂型的单个剂量中所含的联用组分的单位含量本身并不需要构成有效量。
具体地讲,本发明组合物的每个联用组分的治疗有效量可同时或以任何顺序依次给药,并且各组分可以分别或以固定的组合物给药。例如,根据本发明,延迟增殖性恶性疾病的发展或对其进行治疗的方法包括:以联合治疗有效量、优选协同有效量(例如与文中描述的量一致的每日剂量或间断剂量),同时或以任何顺序依次施用(i)游离或可药用盐形式的第一种药物a)和(ii)游离或可药用盐形式的合用药物b)。本发明组合物的各个联用组分可在治疗过程中的不同时间分别给药,或者以分开或单一组合物的形式同时给药。此外,术语给药也包括使用在体内可转化为这些联用组分的前药。因此,本发明应理解为包括所有这些同时或交替治疗的方案,术语“给药”也应作相应的解释。
本发明组合物中使用的各个联用组分的有效量随使用的特定化合物或药物组合物、给药模式、所治疗的病情、治疗病情的严重程度而变化。因此,根据多种因素、包括给药途径和患者的肾肝功能来选择本发明组合物的剂量方案。具有普通技能的主治医师、临床医师或兽医能迅速地决定和指定预防、阻止或控制病情发展所需要的单个活性成分的有效量。使活性成分的浓度最精确地达到可产生效果而没有毒性的范围内需要基于活性成分被靶点利用的动力学的给药方案。
第一种药物a)的每日剂量随多种因素,例如选择的化合物、治疗的特定病情和所需的效果而变化。然而,通常,将雷帕霉素或其衍生物以约0.1至25mg的每日剂量以单剂量或分开剂量的形式给药时可得到令人满意的结果。雷帕霉素或其衍生物如式I化合物可通过任何常规的途径给药,特别是肠内给药,例如以片剂、胶囊、饮用溶液等形式口服给药,或以例如注射液或注射混悬液的形式非胃肠道给药。适于口服给药的单位剂量含约0.05至10mg活性成分如化合物A,和一种或多种可药用稀释剂或载体。
法倔唑对于人的口服剂量范围为约0.5至10mg/天,优选约1至约2.5mg/天。依西美坦对于人的口服剂量范围为约5至200mg/天,优选约10至约25mg/天,或者非胃肠道给药的剂量范围为约50至500mg/天,优选约100至约250mg/天。如果药物以单独的药物组合物给药,可按照GB2,177,700中公开的方式给药。福美坦对于人的非胃肠道给药剂量范围为约100至500mg/天,优选约250至约300mg/天。阿那曲唑对于人的口服剂量范围为约0.25至20mg/天,优选约0.5至约2.5mg/天。氨鲁米特对人给药的剂量范围为约200至500mg/天。
柠檬酸他莫昔芬对人给药的剂量范围为约10至40mg/天。
长春花碱对人给药的剂量范围为约1.5至10mg/m2天。硫酸长春新碱对人非胃肠道给药的剂量范围为约0.025至0.05mg/kg体重*每星期。长春瑞滨对人给药的剂量范围为约10至50mg/m2天。
磷酸依托泊苷对人给药的剂量范围为约25至115mg/m2天,如56.8或113.6mg/m2天。
替尼泊苷对人给药的剂量范围为每两个星期约75至150mg。阿霉素对人给药的剂量范围为约10至100mg/m2天,如25或50mg/m2天。表柔比星对人给药的剂量范围为约10至200mg/m2天。伊达比星对人给药的剂量范围为约0.5至50mg/m2天。米托蒽醌对人给药的剂量范围为约2.5至25mg/m2天。
紫杉醇对人给药的剂量范围为约50至300mg/m2天。多西他赛对人给药的剂量范围为约25至100mg/m2天。
环磷酰胺对人给药的剂量范围为约20至1500mg/m2天。苯丙氨酸氮芥对人给药的剂量范围为约0.5至10mg/m2天。
5-氟尿嘧啶对人给药的剂量范围为约50至1000mg/m2天,如500mg/m2天。卡培他滨对人给药的剂量范围为约10至1000mg/m2天。盐酸吉西他滨对人给药的剂量范围为约1000mg/m2/星期。
甲氨蝶呤对人给药的剂量范围为约5至500mg/m2天。
托泊替康对人给药的剂量范围为约1至5mg/m2天。伊立替康对人给药的剂量范围为约50至350mg/m2天。
卡铂对人给药的剂量范围为每四个星期约200至400mg/m2。顺铂对人给药的剂量范围为每三个星期约25至75mg/m2。奥沙利铂对人给药的剂量范围为每两个星期约50至85mg/m2。
伊马替尼对人给药的剂量范围为约2.5至850mg/天,更优选5至600mg/天,最优选20至300mg/天。
阿仑膦酸对人给药的剂量范围为约5至10mg/m2天。氯膦酸对人给药的剂量范围为约750至1500mg/天。依替膦酸对人给药的剂量范围为约200至400mg/天。伊班膦酸对人给药的剂量范围为每三至四星期1-4mg。利塞膦酸对人给药的剂量范围为约20至30mg/天。帕米膦酸对人给药的剂量范围为每三至四个星期约15至90mg。替鲁膦酸对人给药的剂量范围为约200至400mg/天。
曲妥单抗对人给药的剂量范围为约1至4mg/m2/星期。
比卡鲁胺对人给药的剂量范围为约25至50mg/m2/天。
1-(4-氯苯氨基)-4-(4-吡啶基甲基)酞嗪或其盐如琥珀酸盐对人给药的剂量范围为约50至1500mg/天、优选100至750mg/天、最优选250至500mg/天。
在根据本发明的用途所需要的剂量下,雷帕霉素或其衍生物可很好的耐受。例如,在化合物A的4星期的毒性研究中,大鼠的NTEL为0.5mg/kg/天,猴的NTEL为1.5mg/kg/天。
Claims (20)
1.式I的雷帕霉素衍生物在制备用于治疗实体瘤的药物组合物中的用途
其中
R1为CH3或C3-6炔基,
R2为H或-CH2-CH2-OH,且
X为=O、(H,H)或(H,OH)
其条件是,当X为=O且R1为CH3时,R2不为H,
所述实体瘤选自脑和其它中枢神经系统肿瘤;头和/或颈部癌;循环系统肿瘤;分泌系统肿瘤;胃肠道肿瘤,涉及肝及肝内输胆管、胆囊、胆道的其它和未特别指出部分的肿瘤;口腔肿瘤;生殖系统肿瘤;鼻腔和中耳、副鼻窦、喉、气管、支气管的呼吸道肿瘤;骨骼系统肿瘤;皮肤肿瘤和涉及其它组织、包括外周神经和植物神经系统、结缔组织和软组织、腹膜后腔和腹膜、眼及附件、甲状腺、肾上腺和有关结构的肿瘤、继发性和未特别指出的恶性淋巴结瘤、呼吸和消化系统的继发性恶性肿瘤。
2.根据权利要求1所述的式I的雷帕霉素衍生物在制备用于治疗实体瘤侵入或与该肿瘤生长有关之症状的药物组合物中的用途。
3.雷帕霉素衍生物在制备用于抑制或控制血管生成失调或治疗与血管生成失调有关的疾病的药物组合物中的用途。
4.前述任一项权利要求所述的用途,用于治疗脑、中枢神经系统肿瘤、结肠、结肠直肠或生殖系统肿瘤。
5.前述任一项权利要求所述的用途,其中的药物组合物间断性地给药。
7.前述任一项权利要求所述的用途,其中的药物组合物与照射治疗联合使用。
8.前述任一项权利要求所述的用途,其中的雷帕霉素衍生物是40-O-(2-羟乙基)-雷帕霉素。
9.根据权利要求3、4、5或7任一项所述的用途,其中的雷帕霉素衍生物是40-[3-羟基-2-(羟基甲基)-2-甲基丙酸酯]-雷帕霉素或ABT578。
10.一种药物联合形式,含有a)第一种药物,其为式I的雷帕霉素衍生物,和b)辅助药物,其为选自下列的化疗药:
ii.抗雌激素药或戈那瑞林激动剂,
iii.拓扑异构酶I抑制剂,和
iv.烷化剂或铂配合物,
11.一种药物联合形式,含有a)第一种药物,其为雷帕霉素衍生物,和b)辅助药物,其为选自下列的化疗药:
iii.选自蒽环霉素、米托蒽醌和洛索蒽醌的拓扑异构酶II抑制剂,
iv.微管活化剂或抗肿瘤抗代谢药物,
v.靶向/减小蛋白或脂类激酶活性或者蛋白或脂类磷酸酶活性的化合物,其它抗血管生成化合物或可诱导细胞分化过程的化合物,
vi.缓激肽1受体或血管紧张素II拮抗剂,
vii.环加氧酶抑制剂、二磷酸酯化合物、组蛋白脱酰酶抑制剂、肝素酶抑制剂、生物学应答修饰剂、遍在蛋白化抑制剂或能阻断抗细胞凋亡途径的抑制剂,
viii.Ras致癌同种型抑制剂,
ix.端粒末端转移酶抑制剂,
x.蛋白酶抑制剂、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂、蛋氨酸氨基肽酶抑制剂或蛋白体抑制剂。
12.根据权利要求11所述的药物联合形式,含有a)第一种药物,其为选自权利要求1所述的式I化合物、40-[3-羟基-2-(羟基甲基)-2-甲基丙酸酯]-雷帕霉素和ABT578的雷帕霉素衍生物,和b)辅助药物,其为选自紫杉醇、吉西他滨、顺铂、阿霉素、5-氟尿嘧啶、抗代谢物、生物学应答修饰剂、埃博霉素或其衍生物的化疗药。
13.根据权利要求11所述的药物联合形式,其中的辅助药物b)是紫杉烷、VEGF酪氨酸激酶受体抑制剂、EGF、ErbB2、ErbB3或ErbB4酪氨酸激酶受体抑制剂、PDGF受体抑制剂、靶向、减小或抑制c-Abl、蛋白激酶C、Raf、MEK、SRC、JAK、FAK、PDK或PI(3)激酶家族成员的化合物。
14.根据权利要求11或13所述的药物联合形式,其中的第一种药物a)是40-O-(2-羟乙基)-雷帕霉素、40-[3-羟基-2-(羟基甲基)-2-甲基丙酸酯]-雷帕霉素或ABT578。
15.一种药物联合形式,含有a)第一种药物,其为雷帕霉素,和b)辅助药物,其为选自VEGF酪氨酸激酶受体抑制剂、EGF、ErbB2、ErbB3或ErbB4酪氨酸激酶受体抑制剂和PDGF受体抑制剂的化疗药。
16.根据权利要求11、13、14或15所述的药物联合形式,其中的辅助药物b)是RhuMab、曲妥单抗、Iressa、OSI-774或伊马替尼。
17.根据权利要求10至16任一项所述的药物联合形式,其中第一种药物a)和辅助药物b)同时给药或依次给药。
18.根据权利要求10至17任一项所述的药物联合形式,其中的第一种药物a)间断性地给药。
19.根据权利要求10至18任一项所述的药物联合形式,其与照射治疗联合使用。
20.用于制备治疗血液或淋巴系统肿瘤的药物的含有a)第一种药物,其为雷帕霉素衍生物,和b)辅助药物,其选自二甲磺酸丁酯、阿糖胞苷、6-硫基鸟嘌呤、氟达拉滨、羟基脲、丙卡巴肼、博莱霉素、甲氨蝶呤、拓扑异构酶II抑制剂或靶向、减小或抑制PDGFR或c-Abl家族成员活性的化合物的药物联合形式。
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| CN201410469536.8A Pending CN104274442A (zh) | 2001-02-19 | 2002-02-18 | 癌症的治疗 |
| CNB2005100554588A Ceased CN1296043C (zh) | 2001-02-19 | 2002-02-18 | 式i的雷帕霉素化合物在制备用于治疗实体瘤的药物组合物中的用途 |
| CNA028068440A Pending CN1551767A (zh) | 2001-02-19 | 2002-02-18 | 癌症的治疗 |
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