CN1129058C - Chinese character phonetic code and keyboard design - Google Patents
Chinese character phonetic code and keyboard design Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention uses 25 Latin letters, 3 tone symbols and 1 syllable isolation symbol as a symbol system, and regulates that the syllable of a Chinese character is composed of an initial syllabic segment, a final syllabic segment, a code segment without pronunciation or meaning, and a tone syllabic segment. The relation of 20 meaning codes, meanings of character components and radicals, and character pronunciation characteristics thereof is arranged on the basis of 201 radicals. 14000 non-repeated pinyin Chinese characters which correspond to square Chinese characters in a one-to-one mode, and 0.1 million vocabularies of non-repeated pinyin Chinese characters are shaped by the meaning codes. Initials and tone symbols of the non-repeated pinyin Chinese characters are selected according to 84 kinds of modes to establish a code base of non-repeated tone codes, and an input scheme for non-repeated tone codes is formed, wherein the input scheme has the advantages of easy learning and memorization and character and code consistency.
Description
The present invention a kind ofly makes amendment and the Chinese-character phonetic letter that forms according to block character and do not have heavy tone code and keyboard plan to the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958, belong to ICL G06F3/023, it is multidisciplinary to relate to Chinese philology, phonetics, Chinese character input and computer Chinese-character information processing etc.
Block character is that the development of the Chinese nation have ever made great contribution in history, especially in recent decades but, the situation of block character incompatibility China modern economy construction great development is more and more obvious in the last hundred years,, the cry of founding Chinese-character phonetic letter is more and more higher, and actual the exploration gets more and more.
The major defect that block character exists in the present information treatment technology presses for Chinese-character phonetic letter and solves the indeterminable difficult problem of block character.Mainly be:---a. block character entropy is big, is 9.65 bits.If there is not the MIME conversion just to be easy to occur mess code or bad sign indicating number during the Chinese character transmission.The transmission conversion cost consumption of block character mode is maximum in the world, makes information processing be difficult to effectively;---the redundance of the writing system of b. block character is very little, and ambiguity is made mistakes in information processing easily easily;---c. block character write the two or more syllables of a word together, there is not the space between words, participle difficulty in the information processing becomes the serious hindrance of technology such as mechanical translation;---d. is in character recognition, and the identification difficulty of Chinese block character is 2000 times of the Latin alphabet.The OCR optical recognition adopts 16 * 16 dot matrix just very clear to the block letter of the arabic numeral and the Latin alphabet, and still not good with 60 * 60 dot matrix effect to block character block letter;---the speech recognition of e. block character is more difficult, and voice mechanical translation difficulty is very big, and sentence one is long, and translation quality is just very poor, and the result can not forward read sometimes.Existing encode Chinese characters for computer all can not be used for speech recognition, solve the quality problems of voice mechanical translation, and the intellectuality that improves machine is an aspect, and the more important thing is will have a kind of precision and the expressed form Chinese language of the Chinese alphabetic writing of univocality.---the preface of f. block character does not thoroughly solve, and forms another difficult problem of Chinese information processing.
Block character character learning difficulty is a big problem of the national culture and education of puzzlement China always, also is the reason that it is difficult that China eliminates illiteracy.The time that China its people pay for the study block character is too many, has too much tied up between the best lifetime that should accept more quality-oriented education content, has in fact influenced the national education quality, has wasted many social the green years of creating the wealth that are.In February, 1958, the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet of National People's Congress's approval applied for four more than ten years in China, had produced good effect on the solution block character is become literate difficult problem, for the prosperity and the development of economic construction of China's cultural and educational undertakings have been made major contribution.But the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet had defined 65 special-purpose letter characters recessively in 1958, except 26 Latin alphabets and 1 syllable-dividing mark, also had 38 symbols
ā ō ē ī ū ǖ ü ê ê
á ó é í ú ǘ
ê z
ǎ ǒ ě ǐ ǔ ǚ
ê c
à ò e ì ù ǜ
M ê s is the special-purpose letter character of the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958.These special-purpose number of letters are too big, both hindered and allowed the direct formation of the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958 can be at books and newspapers, the alphabetic writing that uses in the official document, can't integrate with international computer keyboard again, make the Chinese phonetic alphabet in scientific research, education, culture, information is propagated, in the practical application of aspects such as foreign exchanges especially in typographical printing, books and newspapers, exceptional hardship has appearred in the application of aspects such as official document, particularly solving block character character learning difficulty, on Chinese character information Computer Processing and the significant problem such as deeply popularize Beijing pronunciation, can not seem unable to do what one wishes as the Schemes for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958 of Chinese-character phonetic letter.Though the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958 announce alphabet in clearly regulation have only 26 Latin alphabets, do not comprise German letter ü, four circumflexs and a syllable-dividing mark, German letter ü has appearred in actual use.Though outside alphabet, defined four circumflexs and a syllable-dividing mark, but circumflex never independently uses, but after introducing ambiguous " tone of the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable is represented " notion that the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable same tone is combined, just draw and in the Chinese phonetic alphabet reality used above-mentioned 38 symbols.The Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet itself did not admit oneself to have defined 65 special-purpose letter characters in 1958, and a lot of so far people do not clearly realize that as yet this is the disadvantage of the Schemes for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958.Letter y and w are actual initial consonants, and the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958 excludes the initial consonant table to them as zero initial.Because do not distinguish the measure of phonetically similar word, the Chinese phonetic alphabet in 1958 have only served as the phonetic symbol of block character, do not form Chinese-character phonetic letter.This imprecision, nonstandard symbolism have influenced the development of computer Chinese informationization technology over nearly 20 years, have also influenced the process of Chinese written language reform in a way.If allow the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958 play a greater role, must reform the defective that it in fact exists, she is transformed into the Chinese-character phonetic letter scheme.
The computing machine input of block character relies on encode Chinese characters for computer in the past, and the input bottleneck problem never solves.The implication of input bottleneck mainly be meant the information transmission that the inconsistency of block character and input coding causes and handle in various obstacles.Have only the phonetic class coding of observing liberal normalization and satisfying the literal condition to be expected to become the means that solve Chinese character and coding consistency problem.Industry common recognition, desirable encode Chinese characters for computer should be a kind of Chinese-character phonetic letters that not only can be used in Written Communications but also can be used in the computing machine input.The difference of Chinese and western literal input is enlightened us, foundes a kind of Chinese-character phonetic letter, eliminates the two-layer conversion in the Chinese character typing process human brain, realizes the direct input of Chinese character, could really eliminate Chinese character input bottleneck.
Popularizing Beijing pronunciation has been the major issue that country attached great importance to always since new China set up.Probe into the countless versions accent of China and the formation reason of dialect local, colloquial expressions, except influences such as geography, national environment on every side, must admit that the randomness of this presentation word pronunciation of block character and the state of anarchy are old complaints.Fa Yin the randomness and the state of anarchy have just formed Chinese countless versions accent and dialect local, colloquial expressions just, are resisting mandarin in fact.We see expressly, and hindering a basic reasons of popularization standard spoken Chinese is the literal that does not have Received Pronunciation, and the pronunciation randomness and the state of anarchy of block character that can not watch sound are seriously run in the opposite with wish, original intention and policy that country popularizes Beijing pronunciation.In order effectively to popularize Beijing pronunciation,, need set up Chinese-character phonetic letter for middle Chinese unisonance.
Because phonetic plan had been accurately aspect the expression Chinese-character pronunciation in 1958, also be successful, the Chinese phonetic alphabet is read well, writes well, is remembered well, proved, and more than 40 year apply has deep mass foundation and huge culture precipitation in the whole society by several hundred million children's in decades study experience.Therefore, the invention of the Chinese-character phonetic letter of a success should make full use of the achievement of phonetic plan in 1958, and this should be a cardinal principle.This patent inventor consults nearly 700 of similar inventions patent, the paper of relevant Chinese alphabetic writing and Chinese character for computer input scheme, wherein patent that aspect Chinese alphabetic writing, has occurred and monograph, a lot of its design philosophys of scheme are for the utilization of phonetic plan in 1958 and keep very little, are unfavorable for applying.Relatively there are 5, [Chinese of reflection grammar property express the meaning phonetic writing input method] of inventor Zhang Fei roc, application number 93120482 (document 1) near of the present invention; [a kind of Chinese phoneticizing literal code] that grandson inventor is loud and clear, application number 94104542 (document 2); [alphabetic writing type Chinese character coding and the keyboard] that inventor Qiu He gives birth to, application number 88107306 (document 3), [phonetic writing input method] that inventor Qiu He gives birth to, application number 97115964 (document 4), [Chinese-character phonetic alphabet input method] with the inventor ginger love people, application number 90107890 (document 5) all exists such problem.These patents with the invention belongs to same class, but its scheme is with difference of the present invention, labor will be done in this paper back.
The objective of the invention is: found a kind of emulation Chinese-character phonetic letter, corresponding one by one with block character, can accurately express whole semantemes that block character can be expressed, can see character pronunciation, Yi Xue, easily note, easily write, the utmost point is suitable for children and commonwealthn to be learned and recognizes, and can solve the variety of issue that above-mentioned block character and phonetic plan in 1958 exist, and especially can accomplish something solving on the significant problems such as Chinese character information Computer Processing difficulty, the block character character learning is difficult and deeply popularize Beijing pronunciation.Content of the present invention is to set up a kind of emulation phonetic Chinese character input method, this input method is imported each code element according to the order of initial consonant segment, simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment, noiseless justice sign indicating number section harmony tuning section, redefines the rising tone sound symbol that 3 key mapping tables show the tone segment on universal computer keyboard
Last sound symbol
The falling tone symbol
Other letters are corresponding fully with keyboard; Described initial consonant segment and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment adopt the spelling input, are standard with the initial consonant and the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of national standard phonetic plan in 1958, but substitute ü with yu; Described noiseless justice sign indicating number section adopts 20 adopted representation, is foundation with 201 ones of GB GB/T13418-92 annex 1 Chinese character radicals table regulation, sets the appellation pronunciation or the custom pronunciation of radical and radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries, and sort out as follows to radical, radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries and the parts appellation of 20 justice sign indicating number representatives in view of the above: b-Ba ， Ha, crust, Http, Mi, Bao, foretell, white, half, ratio, an ancient type of spoon, shellfish, nose, Epileptic, drooping; C-Lv, factory,
Car, very little, minister, worm, red, occasion are adopted, tooth,
Chuo, Chang ， Qe,
Cao; D-Dian, cutter, , Dao, beans, bad, Da ， Bo, ancient cooking vessel, Fan; F-drooping, the side, the father, wind, narrow-necked earthen jar, mound, Fu left side ear, non-, fly; G-bow, leather, dagger-axe, ghost is done, and is sweet, the worker, melon, blunt, paddy, bone, wide, tortoise, height, drum,
Chuan; H-one, fire, Xiangxi, standing grain, the family, black, tiger, , Huang,
J-gold, Jin, jin, towel, several, oneself sees angle, mortar, Yin, fragrant-flowered garlic; K-mouth, Contraband, Qian, Jiong; L-power, upright, old,
In, dragon, halogen, deer, fork-like farm tool used in ancient China is subordinate to,
Ear, Jie, and, youngster, you, zero consonant word; M-door, wood, horse, fiber crops, hair, mother, not, order, ware, lance, rice, wheat, Mian, face; N-woman, ox, Niu,
Bird, European-allies; P-Pie, skin, sheet, slit bamboo or chopped wood,, Shu,
San strikes lightly; Q-gas is owed, dog, and Quan, green grass or young crops, , it is begged,
R-people goes into, Ren, and , Chi, day, meat; S-Shu, water, Bing, Rui,
Body, head, tongue, hand, , Rolling, food, Cannibals, Si, yarn shows, Woo, the scholar, the mountain, four, Si, stone, ten, vow, corpse, pig, the family name, Si gives birth to an ancient weapon made of bamboo, mouse, broomcorn millet, look, the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches; T-soil, the scholar, the field, day, Tou; W-literary composition, The-Fan, the king, jade, Wei, watt, not, there is not Tou; X-heart, Xin, ,
Sunset, suffering, little, ,
The west, blood, cave, perfume (or spice), Chuan, San, Ji; Y-one, tooth, speech, Yan, again, and second, clothing, Yi shoots a retrievable arrow, and is outstanding, In-particular,
Already, rain, fish, page or leaf, plumage, then,
Month, the one, sheep, ,
At the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches, sound is said, city, and the right ear of Fu, a unit of measure used in ancient China is died young,, Na, jade, マ; Z-Yi ， Yin, Ya, 亅,
Cui, foot, , boat, son, lonely, end, pawl, Zhao, bamboo, , from, walk, Chuo,, strike lightly, insect without feet or legs, extremely,
Zhuang;
The code taking rule of described noiseless justice sign indicating number section is as follows:
● choose high frequency word in each syllable as the nonsense code word of 1285 pinyin syllable of Modern Chinese according to the Modern Chinese word frequency statistic table of State Bureau of Standardization 1992 issue;
● in the repeat code Chinese character of left and right sides structure and left, center, right structure, have the other Chinese character of the different left avertence of justice sign indicating number and get by the left avertence, have the other Chinese character of the identical left avertence of justice sign indicating number then the high frequency word get by the left avertence, low-frequency word is got by the right avertence; In the repeat code Chinese character of up-down structure and upper, middle and lower structure, radical got in the Chinese character with different the last radical of justice sign indicating number, and radical got in the Chinese character with adopted yard identical last radical then high frequency word, and low-frequency word takes off radical; In the repeat code Chinese character of external and internal compositions, outer radical got in the Chinese character with the different outer radical of justice sign indicating number, and outer radical got in the Chinese character with the identical outer radical of justice sign indicating number then high frequency word, and the initial consonant of radical pronunciation was as adopted yard in low-frequency word was got;
● when the repeat code Chinese character in the identical syllable used above-mentioned justice sign indicating number rule all not distinguished, remaining repeat code Chinese character used the initial consonant of whole word pronunciation as the justice sign indicating number;
● when the repeat code Chinese character in the identical syllable is not still all distinguished, remaining repeat code Chinese character with the initial consonant of the Chinese character pronunciation of this forms of first strokes of Chinese characters parts appellation as justice yard;
Described tone segment comprises rising tone sound symbol
Last sound symbol
The falling tone symbol
And syllable-dividing mark
Separate with syllable-dividing mark when other syllables of logotype can the company of generation be pieced together after the high and level tone syllable.
Technical method of the present invention and scheme are:
1. emulation phonetic Chinese character input method and keyboard have been constructed, it is characterized in that: established standards Chinese-character phonetic letter syllable (must be had by initial consonant segment (can not have), simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment (must have), noiseless justice sign indicating number section (can not have) harmony tuning section, high and level tone is not marked, implicit) form, initial consonant segment and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment adopt phonetic plan in 1958 fully, and noiseless justice sign indicating number section harmony tuning section adopts the present invention's regulation.According to this setting, circumflex will separate and occupy a character position with the rhythm alphabetic character expresses semanteme clearly, equally plays semantic symbol or letter effect with the Latin alphabet when constituting " no repeated code " words.
Usually people think that block character is sound, shape, adopted Trinitarian linguistic notation.Standard GB-12200.1-90 Chinese information processing basic terms 4.1.3.8 to the description of " Hanzi attribute " is: the feature of the sound that Chinese character itself is had, shape, adopted three aspects and additional features relevant.Therefore sound, shape, justice are that the Hanzi attribute of block character has just been decided with the form of national standard.In fact " sound " comprises basic pronunciation and two kinds of sound intensions of tone, and these two kinds of sound intensions all have the function of table justice.Basic pronunciation is the personal feature of syllable pronunciation, does not change with speech, phrase or sentence; Tone is the global feature of syllable pronunciation, will change in speech, phrase or sentence sometimes.The different meanings is shown in different in unison mileometer adjustment, has different literal implications, is that tone has played semantic positioning action, therefore has reason sound and accent are distinguished.Because sound, accent, the shape of block character all have the literal implication, therefore, block character are regarded as the language message carrier of sound, accent, shape, adopted quaternity is more scientific and reasonable.In this, we think that standard GB-12200.1-90 Chinese information processing basic terms 4.1.3.8 should make suitable modification to the description of " Hanzi attribute ".Had the expert from the phonetics angle Chinese character syllable to be divided into two segments according to the Chinese phonetic alphabet literary style of phonetic plan in 1958 and the actual configuration of phonetic transcriptions of Chinese characters syllable, i.e. initial consonant segment and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment do not have the Supersonic of position section and tone classified as in the past.This is based on the ambiguous notion of " tone of simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable is represented " that the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable same tone combines and the explanation that provides.4 stage modes that the standard Chinese character syllable is made up of initial consonant segment, simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment, noiseless justice sign indicating number section harmony tuning section are important feature of Chinese-character phonetic letter, are its important difference with the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958.The viewpoint of this patent invention thinks that simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable is a semanteme not toned, a basic pronunciation of support, and tone (comprising high and level tone) can produce more semanteme with the combination of pronouncing substantially.If as basic pronunciation, then high and level tone, rising tone, last sound and 4 tones of falling tone have been supported semanteme the high and level tone tone.Therefore, Chinese-character phonetic letter is monopolized position rather than same simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable " combination " by circumflex, more can reflect the language voice feature of " sound, accent, shape, justice " quaternity of Chinese.The disadvantage of Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet use " distortion " Latin alphabet in 1958 that is 38 proprietary simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable symbols has been avoided in Chinese-character phonetic letter separates circumflex with the rhythm alphabetic character design, the actual letter character quantity of Chinese-character phonetic letter is reduced to 29, wherein intactly used 25 Latin alphabets.The opinion of this patent is, the culture precipitation that any invention of Chinese-character phonetic letter aspect should make full use of the achievement of the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958 and apply decades, therefore, the present invention is except more than 30 Chinese-character phonetic letter of 4 syllables such as nyu, nyue, lyu, lyue, more than 10,000 Chinese-character phonetic letter of all the other whole syllables adopts phonetic plan in 1958 to construct initial consonant segment and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment fully, stipulates very to be similar in 1958 years phonetic plans though the tone segment is the present invention.Polyphone and the indefinite block character of pronunciation radical are the difficult major obstacles of block character character learning.Chinese-character phonetic letter is constructed initial consonant segment and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment with the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958, the major part of its spelling pronunciation has kept phonetic plan readability in 1958 easily to learn the easily advantage of note, be again to distinguish with the justice sign indicating number of standard by no repeated code principle, not only strictness has critically been guaranteed with block character corresponding one by one, and the polyphone in the block character divided into special-shaped different sound Chinese-character phonetic letter, can accomplish to see that word just can be read, pronounce just can accurately, talkative just can write, thereby can effectively overcome block character character learning difficulty.Block character can show justice but can not be intuitively, directly the watch sound table is transferred, Chinese-character phonetic letter not only can show justice and also can be intuitively, directly the watch sound table is transferred, this is the incomparable advantage of block character.This has just laid the theory and practice basis for setting up a kind of Chinese-character phonetic letter that really can exchange use socially.Use the Latin alphabet of former standard, can really realize Chinese-character phonetic letter integrating with international alphabetic writing.
2. such scheme adopts 25 Latin alphabets, rising tone sound symbol
Last sound symbol
The falling tone symbol
And syllable-dividing mark
Totally 29 letter characters are as the symbolism of Chinese-character phonetic letter, and Aa01 Bb02 Cc03 Dd04 Ee05 Ff06 Gg07 Hh08 Ii09 Jj10 glass is female that goose Buddhist brother drinks clothing base Kk11 L112 Mm13 Nn14 Oo15 Pp16 Qq17 Rr18 Ss19 Tt20 section and reins in and touch slow slope and take advantage of Ri Site Uu21 Ww22 Xx23 Yy24 Zz25
26
27
28
29 black rooms uncommon according to the Ziyang get on sound be set in syllable write in circumflex be placed on the tone of the expression backmost segment of syllable, be the semantic symbol of Chinese-character phonetic letter, the semantic symbol that it is the Chinese-character phonetic letter speech that syllable-dividing mark occupies a sign bit.
Phonetics expert points out, high and level tone tone value 55, rising tone tone value 35, last tone value 214, falling tone tone pitch 51, and the employing high and level tone is not marked, symbol
Expression rising tone sound, symbol
Sound, symbol in the expression
Manner of articulation and its shape lifelike image of tone pitch rule of Chinese language tone expressed in the expression falling tone, meets the Chinese speech pronunciation characteristics.These several symbols used more than 40 year, its people are very familiar, only phonetic plan in 1958 is placed on them on the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable letter crown with the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable combination, and the present invention then moves them on the position of getting off to be placed in oneself from the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable letter crown, thereby helps national study use.Memory greatly, is easily debated not, is easy to circumflex fontization, character image contrast.
3. to have changed phonetic plan in 1958 be the definition of representing the capable and zero initial that u is capable of i about y and w to such scheme, and 23 initial consonants setting Chinese-character phonetic letter are
b p m f d t n l
The glass slope touches that Fo Dete is slow to be reined in
g k h j q x
Brother section drinks base and takes advantage of uncommon
zh ch sh r z c s w y
Know the Japanese female think of of Chi poem room according to as seen from the above table, 23 initial consonants have been used 20 letters that define in the alphabet, and have ordered name with block character to initial consonant.Letter y and w are actual initial consonants, and the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958 is not listed them in the initial consonant table as zero initial, and this is 1958 years a kind of actual incompleteness of the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet.In the last table---a. regulation y is a special initial consonant, express actual initial consonant when being used in the capable simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of i as zero initial, its effect is equivalent to Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet description in 1958, when the capable simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of i before it, can be write as during no initial consonant yi (clothing), ya (), ye (), yao (waist), you (excellent), yan (cigarette), yin (because of), yang (centre), ying (English), yong (harmony), here, except yi (clothing) be single vowel i and composite vowel in (because of), the i front of ing (English) adds the y, remaining all is to replace i with y;---it is a special initial consonant that b. sets w, express actual initial consonant when being used in the capable simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of u as zero initial, its effect is equivalent to Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet description in 1958, when the capable simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of u can be write as wu (crow), wa (frog), wo (nest), wai (askew), wei (prestige), wan (bending), wen (temperature), wang (Wang), weng (father-in-law) during no initial consonant before it, here, except wu (crow) adds the w in single vowel u front, remaining all is to replace u with w;
4. such scheme adopts yu to replace German letter ü as a single vowel, its effect is equivalent to Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet description in 1958, when the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable that ü is capable is directly write as yu (circuitous) when its front does not have initial consonant, yue (pact), yuan (injustice), yun (swooning), the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of ü (yu) row is with initial consonant j, q, write as ju (residence) in the time of x phonetic, qu (district), xu (void), omitted alphabetical y, but with initial consonant n, to be write as n ü (nyu) (woman) in the time of l phonetic, nu (lyu) (Lu), so that same nu (slave), lu (road) distinguishes, ny and ly can regard similar zh as, ch, the alliteration mother of sh, but be not included in the initial consonant table.
5. such scheme has been set totally 36 of single vowel, two simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable and composite vowels,
By the rhythm matrix as seen, totally 36 of the single-letter simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of the Chinese phonetic alphabet, biliteral simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable and composite vowels have only been used a in the alphabet, o, e, i, 9 letters such as u, n, g, r, y.Empty place is non-existent monogram (biliteral simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable or a composite vowel) in the table, if this monogram is exactly illegal as simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable.The rhythm matrix has ordered name for single vowel, two simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable and composite vowel with block character.The Chinese character title of these simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable is legal names of using in the various occasions.In the rhythm matrix, with 8 of the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of n ending, with 8 of the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of ng ending, with 1 of the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of r ending, 19 of the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of non-n, non-r and non-ng ending.5 of single-letter simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, 16 of biliteral simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, 10 of 3 alphabetical simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, 5 of 4 alphabetical simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable.Compare with the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958, difference is that this programme has replaced German letter ü with two simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable yu, and it can be regarded as the single vowel on the voice meaning, simultaneously simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable er has been listed in the rhythm matrix.Composite vowel (16 biliteral simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, 10 trigram simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable and 5 four alphabetical simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable) is an integral body, is a kind of legal collocation, allows to split into single letter analysis in no instance.According to this regulation, it all is open syllable that Chinese syllable can be understood as, thereby the syllable that changes by n and ng ending is the saying of closed syllable.Alliteration female zh, ch, sh, ny and ly also are a kind of legal collocation, do not allow to split into single letter analysis.These two regulations are to guarantee the unambiguous condition precedent of justice sign indicating number.
| The i clothing | The u crow | Yu is circuitous | |
| A | Ia | The ua frog | |
| O | The uo nest | ||
| The e goose | Ie | Yue approximately | |
| The ai sorrow | Uai is askew | ||
| Ei Ei | Uei (ui) prestige | ||
| Ao endures | The iao waist | ||
| Er | |||
| Ou Europe | Iou (iu) is excellent | ||
| An peace | The ian cigarette | Uan is curved | The yuan injustice |
| En grace | In because of | Uen (un) temperature | Yun is dizzy |
| Ang is high | The iang centre | Uang Wang | |
| The simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of eng henry | Ing English | Ueng father-in-law | |
| Ong Hong simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable | The iong harmony |
6. such scheme is a foundation with 201 ones of GB/T13418-92 annex 1 Chinese character radicals table regulation, 200 ones of the radical tables that 187 ones of radical tables that provide with reference to " modern Chinese dictionary " (revised edition in 1996), 189 ones of the radical tables that " Modern Chinese dictionary " (version in 1999) provides and " order of strokes observed in calligraphy dictionary commonly used " (version in 1998) provide, set the appellation pronunciation or the custom pronunciation of radical and radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries, it is as follows to work out out the radical of Chinese character information table:
Illustrate: radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries with 201 ones of GB/T13418-92 annex 1 Chinese character radicals table regulation as principal part.Contain secondary portion under the principal part,
Comprised GB/T13418-92 annex 1 Chinese character radicals table 201 a secondary portion that provided originally, for the ease of looking into word, originally
Scheme has suitably been augmented secondary portion.Wherein,---a. for and, two, ear, these 4 radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries of youngster, the initial consonant " l " of getting " zero initial " " zero " word without exception is as the justice sign indicating number
Letter, radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries left side Fu and right Fu are called " mound " and " city ", also can use habitual appellation to be " left ear " " right side
Ear ", get " l " this moment and be the justice code;---b. has taken in 
Deng the pronunciation of 6 non-standard radicals commonly used as adopted code letter;---c. has stipulated numbering to the radical of all incomes, is conducive to information processing and information exchange;---radical, radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries and parts appellation that d. represents 20 adopted code letters are sorted out, b-eight (ba) ， Ha (Eight characters head), Http (baogai, Bao Gai), Mi (baogai, bald Bao Gai), Bao (baozitou, steamed stuffed bun head), bar (ba), (bai) in vain, half (ban), than (bi), an ancient type of spoon (bi), shellfish (bei), foretell (bo contains and accounts for prefix), nose (bi), Epileptic (bing), drooping (biao), c-Lv (cao grass-character-head), factory (chang)
(chang, by factory's word), car (che), very little (cnn), and minister (chen), worm (chong), red (chi), and occasion (chen), adopt (cai), Zhao (adopting prefix), and tooth (chi),
(spring prefix), Chuo (che, by bus, the youngster who walks), long (chang) ， Qe (yi),
(normal prefix),
(Cang Zidi), Cao (going out prefix), d-Dian (dian), cutter (dao), (dao cutter font), Dao (dao vertical cutter), Xiangxi (at the bottom of 4 of dian), bucket (dou), beans (dou), bad (dai), (da) greatly, Bo (deng, step on prefix), ancient cooking vessel (ding), Fan (dong, the winter prefix) f-drooping (biao, send out prefix, from fa), side (fang), father (fu), wind (feng), narrow-necked earthen jar (fu), abundant (fu, contain left ear Fu), non-(fei), fly (fei), g-bow (gong), leather (ge), dagger-axe (ge), ghost (gui), do (gan), sweet (gan), work (gong), melon (gua), blunt (gen, contain by blunt word), paddy (gu), bone (gu), extensively (guang), Epileptic (guang, sick wide other), tortoise (gui), high (gao), drum (gu),(by the gan word),(ge)，
(accusing prefix, ox), Chuan (three turn, and patrol the word heart), h-fire (huo), Xiangxi (at the bottom of fiery word), standing grain (huo), family (hu), black (hei), one (heng, yi), tiger (hu), (hu, by brave word), yellow (huang)
(yellow prefix), j-gold (jin), Jin (jin, by the gold word), jin (jin), towel (jin), several (ji, a few word frames, as long-standing, phoenix), youngster (er, several fonts), oneself is (ji), (yi, own font), the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches (si, own font), see (jian), angle (jiao), mortar (jiu), Yin (youngster who builds), fragrant-flowered garlic (jiu), k-mouth (kou), day (ri, the openning frame), say (yue, the openning frame), mouth (kuang, large mouthful frame), Contraband (district's word frame), Qian (upper ledge, deep and remote word frame), Jiong (lower frame, as using with week), field (tian, the openning frame), (sees prefix, shou), l-power (li), vertical (li), (lao) always,
(old prefix), inner (li), dragon (long), halogen (lu), deer (lu), fork-like farm tool used in ancient China (lei), be subordinate to (li),
(li, ge), Si (si, sieve prefix), zero (ling) initial consonant word (with a, o, the word of e beginning) comprises er: ear (er), Fu (left ear), Fu (auris dextra), Jie (single ear),(single ear shape, Cang Zidi), and (er), youngster (er), that (er), m-door (men), wood (mu), horse (ma), fiber crops (ma), hair (mao), it is female that (mu, contain not, alphabetic word shape), order (mu), ware (min), lance (mao), rice (mi), wheat (mai), Mian (mian), face (mian), (U.S. prefix), n-female (nyu), (niu contains oxAccuse prefix, by Niu ox word), bird (niao, contain by the bird word, at the bottom of the bird word), European-allies (at the bottom of doing word), p-Pie (pie slash), skin (pi), sheet (pian), slit bamboo or chopped wood (pan), (pi), Shu (pi),
(by the Shu word), Xi (xi, ticket prefix), San (three skim youngster, by the shape word), (pu strikes lightly, prop up font), q-gas (qi), owe (qian), dog (quan), Quan (by the dog word), blue or green (qing), (blue or green prefix), its (qi), beg (qi)(qi)，
(at the bottom of neat word),
(certificate prefix), Contraband (district's word is rectified), r-people (ren), enter (ru, herringbone), Ren (single vertical people, contain , the class herringbone), Chi (one of the Chinese character components, the class herringbone), day (ri), meat (rou), s-Shu (shu), water (shui), Bing (WAWQ), Rui (3 water)(at the bottom of the water word), body (shen), first (shou), tongue (she), hand (shou), (by the hand word), Rolling (by handle), food (shi), Cannibals (by the food word), Si (by the silk word), yarn (by the silk word), show (shi), Woo (showing by word), scholar (shi), mountain (shan), four (si, contain Si, sieve prefix), stone (shi), ten (shi), vow (shi), corpse (shi), pig (shi), family name (shi), Si (si), give birth to (sheng), an ancient weapon made of bamboo (she), mouse (shu), broomcorn millet (shu), look (se), the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches (si), (prefix still, xiao), t-soil (tu), scholar (shi, the soil font), field (tian), my god (tian), (yao dies young, it font), Rolling (by handle), Jiong is (with the word frame, with same week), Tou (tou), w-literary composition (wen), For-additional (wen, anti-literary composition is other), king (wang, contain by king's word), beautiful (king's font, yu), Wei (wei), watt (wa), (wu not, contain by alphabetic word), without (wu, contain without by word), Tou (tou, the word head), x-heart (xin), Xin (the perpendicular heart), (at the bottom of heart word), sunset (xi), hot (xin), little (xiao, contain , still prefix), west (xi, contain the ticket prefix), blood (xie), cave (xue, contain the cave prefix), fragrant (xiang), Chuan (patrolling the word heart), (three skim youngster to San, by the shape word),
(by the Xiang word), (xun, seek prefix to Ji, contains
Y-one (yi, heng), tooth (ya), speech (yan), Yan (yan, by the speech word), (you) again, second (yi ， Han Yin, Ya, 亅 Yi shape), clothing (yi), Yi (by the clothing word), shoot a retrievable arrow (yi), outstanding (you, contain In-particular,
Outstanding font)), industry (ye), rain (yu contains the rain prefix), fish (yu), page (ye), plumage (yu), then (yu contains 
Then font), month (yue, contain by moon word, at the bottom of month word), one (yao), sheep (yang, contain ,
), at the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches (you), sound (yin), say (yue, contain the flat head of saying), city's (yi contains auris dextra Fu), a unit of measure used in ancient China (yue), die young (yao), (yi) ， Qe (yao, single tine shape), Na (prefix is arranged), beautiful (yu, king's font), マ (river in Zhejiang Province prefix), Qian (at the bottom of deep and remote word), z-Cui (zhui), foot (zu)
(by sufficient word), boat (zhou), son (zi), lonely (sub-font), and only (zhi), pawl (zhao contains Zhao and adopts prefix), bamboo (zhu), (bamboo prefix),, from (zi), walk (zou), and Chuo (walks
Youngster, by bus), (zhi), strike lightly (font, pu), insect without feet or legs (zhi), to (zhi), (folding contains second
Yin, Ya, 亅
),
(carrying prefix), Zhuang (zhuang is by the strong word),
As the noiseless justice sign indicating number section that the adopted code letter of Chinese-character phonetic letter is used for serving as the Chinese-character phonetic letter syllable, is the symbol of distinguishing the Chinese character implication with 20 letters in the initial consonant table, has font style characteristic, radical implication and word sound characteristics.201 ones with national regulation GB/T13418-92 annex 1 Chinese character radicals table regulation is foundation, extract the appellation pronunciation of radical and radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries or the initial consonant of custom pronunciation, set up the univocality sign indicating number with the contact between block character and the radical pronunciation, differentiation of this justice sign indicating number and setting unisonance abnormity block character that use has font style characteristic, radical implication and word sound characteristics are the reasonable type differentiation of standardization, help learning and memory.Adopt justice sign indicating number notion, structure according to block character is formed, " Modern Chinese dictionary " (Xueyuan Press has promptly been rewritten in 4 stage modes differentiation setting with Chinese-character phonetic letter, in June, 1999) 14000 block characters of periodical row in, provided Chinese-character phonetic letter one to one, and the independence of having set up about 100,000 Chinese vocabularies commonly used does not based on this have heavy Latinize phonetic form, can express whole semantemes that 14000 block characters can be expressed like clockwork, be the another kind of written form of Chinese.
7. such scheme has been set the serial number of 29 letter characters, and this letter sequence will determine not have the order of heavy Chinese-character phonetic letter and corresponding block character thereof uniquely, thereby make block character possess strict unique succession;
8. such scheme has been stipulated 5 using priciples of adopted sign indicating number, accent mark and syllable-dividing mark,---certain selected in a. high and level tone tonic syllable Chinese character is as the nonsense code word, do not add accent mark, do not add any single, double justice sign indicating number yet, rising tone, go up certain selected in sound, falling tone tonic syllable Chinese character, only add accent mark, do not add any single, double justice sign indicating number as the nonsense code word, one of each syllable of the Chinese-character phonetic letter of nonsense sign indicating number, that is have 1285;---b. does not allow to use justice sign indicating number g after the syllable with the n ending, such syllable can only use 19 univocality sign indicating numbers except that g, after the syllable with the ng ending, can use whole 20 univocality sign indicating numbers;---after the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable with a, o, e, i, u ending of c. in 36 simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, do not allow n to make the univocality sign indicating number, do not allow ng yet, after e, do not allow to use ambisense sign indicating number as univocality sign indicating number r and r beginning as the ambisense sign indicating number;---d. univocality sign indicating number, ambisense sign indicating number and syllable-dividing mark, mute without exception;---e. as long as meet " no repeated code " principle, can omit the justice sign indicating number of a word or whole words or/and accent mark when accent mark plays deadening, substitutes syllable-dividing mark without exception in multi-character words.---the definite principle of f. justice sign indicating number:
● use earlier initial consonant into the Chinese character pronunciation of word radical appellation
For the Chinese character of forming by several Chinese characters:
About two portions shape, get a left side or get the right side, generally get the left back right side of getting earlier,
Two up and down portions shape is got or is taken off, and generally get afterwards earlier and take off,
Inside and outside two portions shape, outside getting interior or getting, generally get earlier get after outer in,
Three shapes in left, center, right in getting a left side or getting the right side or get, are generally got a left side earlier and time are got in right back the getting,
Three shapes of upper, middle and lower in getting or take off or getting, are generally got earlier and are got after taking off last time,
● the initial consonant of the whole word pronunciation of inferior usefulness, especially for single character
● use the initial consonant of the Chinese character pronunciation that does not become word radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries appellation again
● use the initial consonant of the Chinese character pronunciation of the first stroke parts appellation once more, especially for single character---g. ambisense sign indicating number
The ambisense sign indicating number is formed totally 400 by any two the adopted code letters in 20 letters in the adopted code table by the permutation and combination rule.When the phonetically similar word in the syllable only uses an adopted code letter all not divide into no repeated code Chinese-character phonetic letter to " repeated code " Chinese character in this syllable, need to use the ambisense sign indicating number.
9. the such scheme regulation---a. two-character word does not have heavy tone code three types of 44 kinds of forms is arranged,
The first kind does not have heavy tone code, initial consonant+accent (+syllable-dividing mark)+initial consonant+accent (+syllable-dividing mark)
Rule 1) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g) (the moon+the moon) 2-6 key
Rule 2) z11+d1+z21+ (g) (accent+the moon) 3-6 key
Rule 3) z11+ (g)+z21+d1 (the moon+accent) 3-6 key
Rule 4) z11+d1+z21+d1 (accent+accent) 4-6 key
Second class does not have heavy tone code, and phonetic (initial consonant segment+simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment) is the phase add mode directly
Rule 5) phonetic (the moon+the moon) the 4-5 key of two phonetics+(g)+two
Rule 6) two phonetics+d1+ two phonetics (accent+the moon) 5 keys
Rule 7) two phonetics+(g)+two phonetics+d2 (the moon+accent) 5-6 key
Rule 8) two phonetics+d1+ two phonetics+d2 (accent+accent) 6 keys
Rule 9) phonetic (the moon+the moon) the 5-6 key of two phonetics+(g)+three
Rule 10) two phonetics+three phonetics+d2 (the moon+accent), 6 keys
Rule 11) two phonetics+d1+ three phonetics (accent+the moon) 6 keys
Rule 12) two phonetics+d1+ three phonetics+d2 (accent+accent) 7 keys
Rule 13) phonetic (the moon+the moon) the 5-6 key of three phonetics+(g)+two
Rule 14) three phonetics+d1+ two phonetics (accent+the moon) 6 keys
Rule 15) three phonetics+two phonetics+d2 (the moon+accent), 6 keys
Rule 16) three phonetics+d1+ two phonetics+d2 (accent+accent) 7 keys
Rule 17) three phonetics+three phonetics (the moon+the moon), 6 keys
Rule 18) three phonetics+d1+ three phonetics (accent+the moon) 7 keys
Rule 19) three phonetics+three phonetics+d2 (the moon+accent), 7 keys
Rule 20) four phonetics+two phonetics (not view), 6 keys
Rule 21) two phonetics+four phonetics (not view), 6 keys
The 3rd class does not have heavy tone code, mixes the phase add mode
Rule 22) two phonetics+g+z21 (the moon+the moon) 4-5 key
Rule 23) two phonetics+d1+z21 (accent+the moon) 4-5 key
Rule 24) two phonetics+g+z21+d2 (the moon+accent) 5-6 key
Rule 25) two phonetics+d1+z21+d2 (accent+accent) 5-6 key
Rule 26) z11+ (g)+two phonetic (g) (the moon+the moon) 3-6 key
Rule 27) z11+ (g)+two phonetics+d2 (the moon+accent) 4-6 key
Rule 28) (accent+the moon) 4-6 key of z11+d1+ two phonetics+(g)
Rule 29) z11+d1+ two phonetics+d2 (accent+accent) 5-6 key
Rule 30) three phonetics+g+z21 (the moon+the moon) 5-6 key
Rule 31) three phonetics+g+z21+d2 (the moon+accent), 6 keys
Rule 32) three phonetics+d1+z21 (accent+the moon) 5-6 key
Rule 33) three phonetics+d1+z21+d2 (accent+accent), 6 keys
Rule 34) (the moon+the moon) 4-6 key of z11+ (g)+three phonetic+(g)
Rule 35) z11+ (g)+three phonetics+d2 (the moon+accent) 5-7 key
Rule 36) (accent+the moon) 5-7 key of z11+d1+ three phonetics+(g)
Rule 37) z11+d1+ three phonetics+d2 (accent+accent) 6 keys
Rule 38) four phonetics+g+z21 (the moon+the moon), 6 keys
Rule 39) four phonetics+d1+z21 (accent+the moon), 6 keys
Rule 40) four phonetics+g+z21+d2 (the moon+accent), 6 keys
Rule 41) z11+ (g)+four phonetic (the moon+the moon) 5-6 key
Rule 42) z11+ (g)+four phonetics+d2 (the moon+accent) 6-7 key
Rule 43) z11+d1+ four phonetics (accent+the moon) 6-7 key
Rule 44) z11+ (g)+five phonetic (not view) 6-7 key---b. three words do not have 8 kinds of forms of heavy tone code, all adopt initial consonant+tone (+syllable-dividing mark) form
Rule 45) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g)+z31 (the moon+the moon+the moon) 3-8 key
Rule 46) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g)+z31+d3 (the moon+the moon+accent) 4-9 key
Rule 47) z11+ (g)+z21+d2+z31 (the moon+accent+the moon) 4-8 key
Rule 48) z11+d1+z21+ (g)+z31 (accent+the moon+the moon) 4-8 key
Rule 49) z11+d1+z21+d2+z31 (accent+accent+the moon) 5-8 key
Rule 50) z11+d1+z21+ (g)+z31+d3 (accent+the moon+accent) 5-9 key
Rule 51) z11+ (g)+z21+d2+z31+d3 (the moon+accent+accent) 5-9 key
Rule 52) z11+d1+z21+d2+z31+d3 (accent+accent+accent) 6-9 key---c. four words do not have 16 kinds of forms of heavy tone code, all adopt initial consonant+tone (+syllable-dividing mark) form
Rule 53) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g)+z31+ (g)+z41 (the moon+the moon+the moon+the moon) 4-7 key
Rule 54) z11+d1+z21+ (g)+z31+ (g)+z41 (accent+the moon+the moon+the moon) 5-7 key
Rule 55) z11+ (g)+z21+d2+z31+ (g)+z41 (the moon+accent+the moon+the moon) 5-7 key
Rule 56) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g)+z31+d3+z41 (the moon+the moon+accent+the moon) 5-7 key
Rule 57) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g)+z31+ (g)+z41+d4 (the moon+the moon+the moon+accent) 5-8 key
Rule 58) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g)+z31+d3+z41+d4 (the moon+the moon+accent+accent) 6-8 key
Rule 59) z11+ (g)+z21+d2+z31+d3+z41 (the moon+accent+accent+the moon) 6-7 key
Rule 60) z11+d1+z21+d2+z31+ (g)+z41 (accent+accent+the moon+the moon) 6-7 key
Rule 61) z11+d1+z21+ (g)+z31+d3+z41 (accent+the moon+accent+the moon) 6-7 key
Rule 62) z11+d1+z21+ (g)+z31+ (g)+z41+d4 (accent+the moon+the moon+accent) 6-8 key
Rule 63) z11+ (g)+z21+d2+z31+ (g)+z41+d4 (the moon+accent+the moon+accent) 6-8 key
Rule 64) z11+ (g)+z21+d2+z31+d3+z41+d4 (the moon+accent+accent+accent) 7-8 key
Rule 65) z11+d1+z21+ (g)+z31+d3+z41+d4 (accent+the moon+accent+accent) 7-8 key
Rule 66) z11+d1+z21+d2+z31+ (g)+z41+d4 (accent+accent+the moon+accent) 7-8 key
Rule 67) z11+d1+z21+d2+z31+d3+z41 (accent+accent+accent+the moon) 7 keys
Rule 68) z11+d1+z21+d2+z31+d3+z41 (accent+accent+accent+accent) 7 keys
With a, o, the syllable word of e and composite vowel thereof beginning and the speech be made up of them will be used accent mark after other words, speech
(rising tone),
(going up sound),
(falling tone) or usefulness
Syllable-dividing mark (replacement high and level tone) separates, and gets first letter of zero consonant word (or simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable) again,---d. five words and above multi-character words thereof, do not have heavy tone code 16 kinds of forms are arranged, all adopt initial consonant+tone (+syllable-dividing mark) form
Rule 69) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g)+z31+ (g)+zm1 (the moon+the moon+the moon+the moon) 4-7 key
Rule 70) z11+d1+z21+ (g)+z31+ (g)+zm1 (accent+the moon+the moon+the moon) 5-7 key
Rule 71) z11+ (g)+z21+d2+z31+ (g)+zm1 (the moon+accent+the moon+the moon) 5-7 key
Rule 72) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g)+z31+d3+zm1 (the moon+the moon+accent+the moon) 5-7 key
Rule 73) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g)+z31+ (g)+zm1+dm (the moon+the moon+the moon+accent) 5-8 key
Rule 74) z11+ (g)+z21+ (g)+z31+d3+zm1+dm (the moon+the moon+accent+accent) 6-8 key
Rule 75) z11+ (g)+z21+d2+z31+d3+zm1 (the moon+accent+accent+the moon) 6-7 key
Rule 76) z11+d1+z21+d2+z31+ (g)+zm1 (accent+accent+the moon+the moon) 6-7 key
Rule 77) z11+d1+z21+ (g)+z31+d3+zm1 (accent+the moon+accent+the moon) 6-7 key
Rule 78) z11+d1+z21+ (g)+z31+ (g)+zm1+dm (accent+the moon+the moon+accent) 6-8 key
Rule 79) z11+ (g)+z21+d2+z31+ (g)+m1+dm (the moon+accent+the moon+accent) 6-8 key
Rule 80) z11+ (g)+z21+d2+z31+d3+zm1+dm (the moon+accent+accent+accent) 7-8 key
Rule 81) z11+d1+z21+ (g)+z31+d3+zm1+dm (accent+the moon+accent+accent) 7-8 key
Rule 82) z11+d1+z21+d2+z31+ (g)+m1+dm (accent+accent+the moon+accent) 7-8 key
Rule 83) z11+d1+z21+d2+z31+d3+zm1 (accent+accent+accent+the moon) 7 keys
Rule 84) z11+d1+z21+d2+z31+d3+zm1 (accent+accent+accent+accent) 7 keys
Quick in order to import, based on 14000 the no heavy Chinese-character phonetic letters and the Chinese-character phonetic letter dictionary of 100,000 no repeated code entries, extract the initial consonant and the accent mark of Chinese-character phonetic letter speech according to above-mentioned 84 kinds of tone integrated modes and set up the heavy tone code of nothing storehouse as characteristic symbol, formed standard, easily learned, Chinese-character phonetic letter easy-to-use, quick, compatible, consistent, complete, that literal is consistent with coding does not have heavy tone code input scheme, is a kind of pure tone sign indicating number.
10. above-mentioned keyboard plan has been set two kinds of keyboard modes, only need redefine 3 keys when adopting universal computer keyboard, can reduce importer's memory conversion work, can improve input speed by a relatively large margin; Increasing by 3 key mapping tables on the basis, key position of universal computer keyboard shows
With
Thereby form a kind of Chinese and English universal keyboard, adopt this keyboard can avoid conversion between redefining of 3 keys and the Chinese and English input state, can further reduce importer's memory conversion work, further improve input speed.
11. stipulated the speech and the rules for writing thereof of Chinese-character phonetic letter
A. morpheme and speech.With block character one to one Chinese-character phonetic letter be the morpheme of Chinese phonetic alphabet speech.The morpheme that can use as speech separately is exactly a monosyllabic word.Monosyllabic word and morpheme can constitute two-character word, three words and multi-character words.Do not allow to exist the space between the letter of a speech (no matter being monosyllabic word, two-character word or multi-character words), separate with space or punctuation mark between speech and the speech, sentence finishes with fullstop.First Capital, proper noun (comprising place name, mountain name, rivers,lakes and seas name) capitalization.First letter capitalization of surname, name are close to small letter behind the surname.Abbreviation and abb. capitalization.
B. existing all grammatical norm are followed in the classification of speech.Noun (N), verb (V), adjective (A), number (M), measure word (Q), adverbial word (D), synonym (P), conjunction (C), preposition (R), auxiliary word (H), modal particle (MP), interjection (E), onomatopoeia (O) are arranged.The characteristics of considering different parts of speech with the Chinese-character phonetic letter word-building time can be omitted certain letter, justice sign indicating number or other symbols.
C. under no repeated code principle, Chinese-character phonetic letter group speech mode has the directly continuous pattern of morpheme, and morpheme links to each other, subtracts adopted pattern, and morpheme links to each other, subtracts the accent mark pattern, morpheme links to each other, accent mark substitutes the syllable-dividing mark pattern, and morpheme links to each other, subtracts simultaneously accent mark and adopted pattern.
D. pronoun, adjectival characteristics are with-d ending, if circumflex is arranged before the d, can omit hyphen-.
E. suffixation of a nonsyllabic "r" speech.The suffixation of a nonsyllabic "r" of noun is spoken characteristics, sentence in the words ending in the character calligraph-r represents.If circumflex is arranged before the r, can omit hyphen-
F. verbal suffix " " " " " mistake " respectively after verb with-z ,-l ,-g represents.When being circumflex before z, l, the g, save hyphen-.
G. punctuation mark.In block character, still continue to use the punctuation mark of current Chinese.In Chinese-character phonetic letter, adopt english punctuation mark, promptly replace the fullstop circle, replace pause mark, replace punctuation marks used to enclose the title, represent proper name, represent separation dot, the cancellation mark of emphasis with the space with the capitalization beginning with quotation marks with comma with round dot.Divide a word with a hyphen at the end of a line, undertaken by morpheme, keep the complete of morpheme, the multi-character words of not write is added hyphen "-" behind certain morpheme, all the other morphemes move on to next line.
12. legal Chinese character all pressed in each Chinese character, stroke, the corresponding complex form of Chinese characters, stroke, corresponding variant Chinese character, the Chinese phonetic alphabet (scheme in 1958), corresponding Chinese-character phonetic letter (the present invention), the justice sign indicating number, radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries, stroke, associated code, surname, the pattern of frequency has provided full detail, worked out the spelling Chinese characters to computer dictionary, set up the word table of 14000 block characters by the sound preface, provided corresponding Chinese-character phonetic letter, provided key by radical, simultaneously by legal Chinese character speech, corresponding traditional font words, Chinese phonetic alphabet mark (scheme in 1958), the pattern of corresponding Chinese-character phonetic letter speech (the present invention) has been worked out the spelling Chinese characters to computer dictionary of 100,000 side's piece Chinese character entries.
It is as follows that the present invention compares characteristics with known technology:
1) easily learn, easy note, see that word just can read, can read just can write, near phonetic plan in 1958, easy popularization
Innovative point of the present invention is that the required standard Chinese syllable is made up of initial consonant segment (can not have), simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment (must have), noiseless justice sign indicating number section (can not have) harmony tuning section (must have, high and level tone is not marked, and is implicit).In these 4 segments, initial consonant segment, simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment keep the original shape of phonetic plan in 1958; Tone segment symbolization
Visual in image clear and definite, accurate description the Chinese speech pronunciation characteristics, in fact also keep the original shape of phonetic plan in 1958, only transfer the position simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable crown to move on on the position that oneself should occupy from band; Noiseless justice sign indicating number section is used the initial consonant of radical pronunciation, is regulation of the present invention, but meets national phonetic plan standard and country divine by means of characters standard and radical standard fully.This scheme simple and feasible, constituted Chinese-character phonetic letter especially easily, keep and utilized the achievement of phonetic plan in 1958 to greatest extent, the Chinese-character phonetic letter of 14000 the block character correspondences that formalized very exactly, corresponding one by one with block character, can accurately express whole semantemes that block character can be expressed.Block character can show justice but can not be intuitively, directly the watch sound table is transferred, Chinese-character phonetic letter not only can show justice and also can be intuitively, directly the watch sound table is transferred, thereby Chinese-character phonetic letter is easily learned, easily the note, easily write, the utmost point is suitable for children and commonwealthn is recognized, national acceptant, promote easily, help solving the block character difficult problem of becoming literate, help strengthening the dynamics of popularizing Beijing pronunciation, also help international exchange.This is the incomparable advantage of block character.
Symbolization
Represent tone and replace German letter ü with yu, this measure has overcome the actual shortcoming of using two kinds of symbolisms of scheme in 1958,65 symbols that phonetic plan in 1958 is in fact used are reduced to 29, it is complete that the Chinese-character phonetic letter symbolism is able to, it is solid that theoretical foundation becomes, can guarantee that Chinese-character phonetic letter is accurate, accurate, stable, reliable, thereby can guarantee the reliable application in every field.Utilize v to substitute ü with some scheme and compare, v substitutes ü and has dislocation in pronunciation, and yu replacement ü is consistent in pronunciation, helps pronunciation.Y and w as initial consonant, are increased the initial consonant number, helped breaking up the phonetically similar word of block character.
Investigate one section Chinese-character phonetic letter example:
Mao Zedong's selections of giving a lecture
Ladies and gentlemen represent gentlemen, and we have a common sensation, and our work that Here it is will write on the mankind in history, and it will show: from then on the Chinese that account for human sum 1/4th have stood up.Chinese are the nationality of industry of the bravery of a greatness at all times, are to have fallen behind in modern age just.This falling behind is fully by the result of foreign imperialism and national reactionary government oppression and exploitation.100 for many years, and our ancestor opposes inside and outside oppressor with persevering struggle, never stopped, comprising Chinese revolution forerunner Mr. Sun Yat-sen of greatness leader's the Revolution of 1911 interior.
Can see by this example, Chinese-character phonetic letter obtained on the Chinese phonetic alphabet basis in 1958, complete spelling and the mark that has kept the Chinese phonetic alphabet in 1958 faithfully transferred rule, just added adopted sign indicating number in the noiseless justice sign indicating number section of part pinyin syllable just to distinguishing phonetically similar word.Prove according to a large amount of corpus statisticses, press probability of use, though the Chinese-character phonetic letter of nonsense sign indicating number has only 1285, but they belong to the high frequency word, probability of occurrence accounts for more than 90% of general probability, has the Chinese-character phonetic letter probability of occurrence of justice sign indicating number to account for below 10% of general probability, and wherein the ambisense code word occurs few.Therefore can conclude, Chinese-character phonetic letter as the Chinese phonetic alphabet write well, read well, good note.China carries out nine-year compulsory education decades, and except individual cases, everyone all learned the Chinese phonetic alphabet from child.Therefore can also conclude, national association and be familiar with the speed of Chinese-character phonetic letter can be very fast.Because the present invention has made full use of achievement and the deep mass foundation of applying to have in the whole society in more than 40 year and the huge culture precipitation of phonetic plan in 1958, it is little therefore to promote difficulty socially.If the employing Chinese-character phonetic letter can expect that the block character difficult problem of becoming literate progressively can relax, the quality-oriented education effect of middle and primary schools will be more obvious, and cleaning China illiteracy's great cause is expected to realize as early as possible that its effect and benefit prospect are very grand.
In relatively approaching 5 patents of the present invention, document 1, based on the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet, according to Chinese grammar, the meaning of a word and characteristic voice speech be divided into notional word and function word, by notional word tail, the design of the function word settingization principle alphabetic writing Hanzi coding scheme of holding concurrently of expressing the meaning with special care; Spelling of a speech has stipulated 15 adopted tails for 15 class notional words.Western language keyboard is adopted in input, sets and get preceding key, gets back key, homonym key and Chinese idiom switch key.Specially mark is not transferred, and transfers to lie in the character.The scheme of this invention differs greatly with the solution of the present invention, but the result is more approaching with result of the present invention.According to this invention, the Chinese-character phonetic letter form is (Chinese-character phonetic letter of the present invention has been write out in contrast in the bracket behind the individual character): baa (
Justice sign indicating number s represents radical Rolling), the bey quilt (
Justice sign indicating number y represents radical Yi), the bii ratio
, biy that (
Justice sign indicating number p represents the radical skin), by must
Or the like.The form of words and phrases:
The Zhang Fei roc: guot gek qis lais bu yuan zuos nulif de renf men,
The present invention:
National anthem: get up, do not go for slave's people, bas women de xuerouq zhus chengs women xinxd changx chenght
Our flesh and blood is built up our new Great Wall.Zhonghuat minzuf daw le zuy weixianx d shihout
The Chinese nation has arrived the most dangerous the time, mey ge renf bey pos zho fas chus zuy how d hous shengt
Everyone is being forced to send last roar,
Chinese is the significant language of tone, and tone has determines semantic vital role, and circumflex fontization and symbol shape meet the Chinese speech pronunciation characteristics, and the cruces that will consider in the Chinese-character phonetic letter design greatly, is easily debated not, is easy to remember to character image contrast.As seen contrast though the invention of document 1 is not too big to phonetic plan change in 1958, does not make full use of the result of phonetic plan in 1958, but designs supplementary element voluntarily, non-standard is serious, and is regular poor, implicit in addition Chinese character tone, not only identification difficulty, memory difficulty, study is difficulty also.Chinese-character phonetic letter of the present invention has been write out in the contrast of above the selections of above-mentioned example national anthem the 2nd row, obviously, pinyin syllable of the present invention meets phonetic plan standard, radical and represents to meet country divine by means of characters standard and radical standard, mark transfers the symbol image clear and definite, accurate description the Chinese speech pronunciation characteristics, study easily, memory easily.
Document 2, a kind of multi-functional Chinese phonetic alphabet is for character code, this invention has determined that with simplification syllable form, variant syllable form, basic syllable form more than 1880 syllable written form defines the root that frequency of utilization is the highest, word-building power is the strongest in the Modern Chinese, assisted with necessary hyphen "-" and syllable-dividing mark " ' again ", make more than 60,000 general word all break up setting, none repeated code.This scheme is cancelled alphabetical ü and is replaced yu, and symbol is transferred in cancellation all mark, the syllable mark is not transferred, and tone lies among the letter.The literal that forms following (Chinese-character phonetic letter of the present invention has been write out in contrast in the bracket behind the individual character): bay is white
The by ratio
Bw is (bu) not, and drang adorns (zhuang), and dran changes
Tsw is short
Gwai slaps (guais, a justice sign indicating number s represent radical Rolling), gwe pot (guoj, a justice sign indicating number j represent radical Jin), gwy rare (guiw, a justice yard w represents the radical king), tzan disastrously (
A justice sign indicating number x represent radical Xin), tsan ginseng (cans, a justice sign indicating number s represent radical Si), tsong acute hearing (congz, a justice sign indicating number z represents radical total), the tzong long hollow piece of jade with rectangular sides (cong, an adopted yard w represents the radical king), lyan even (
Justice sign indicating number c represents the radical car), jiyang says
Jya adds (jiak, justice sign indicating number k represents the radical mouth), the thong song (
A justice sign indicating number y represents the radical page or leaf), dsao hot-tempered (
A justice sign indicating number z represent radical enough), dzao make an uproar (
A justice sign indicating number k represents the radical mouth), thuag give (
Justice sign indicating number z represents radical Chuo), dzwe sucks (zuok, justice sign indicating number k represents the radical mouth).Contrast as seen, document 2 inventions are too big to phonetic plan change in 1958, and all regulations do not have national liberal normalization to comply with, it is too far away to depart from the national Chinese phonetic alphabet font of being familiar with over more than 40 year, implicit Chinese character tone, not only learning and memory difficulty, recognize also very difficult, the application implementation difficulty is too big.Chinese-character phonetic letter of the present invention has been write out in contrast in the bracket, and is apparent, and pinyin syllable and mark are transferred and met phonetic plan standard, radical and represent to meet country divine by means of characters standard and radical standard, mark is transferred the symbol image, accurate description the Chinese speech pronunciation characteristics, easily study, memory easily.
Document 3 and document 4 schemes are divided into the coding structure of each Chinese character the thinking that the design of 4 keys is made up of 4 segments with Chinese-character phonetic letter of the present invention and seem similar, but essence is very different.In 4 segments of required standard Chinese syllable of the present invention, initial consonant segment, simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment keep the original shape of phonetic plan in 1958; The tone segment in fact also keeps the original shape of phonetic plan in 1958, has only moved individual position, transfers the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable crown to move on on the position that oneself should occupy from band; Noiseless justice sign indicating number section is used the initial consonant of radical pronunciation, is regulation of the present invention, but meets national regulation fully; Chinese-character phonetic letter according to the present invention formulates meets aforementioned literal condition fully.The implication of 4 key encodes of document 3 and document 4 schemes, the 1st key is represented initial consonant, and wherein zh, ch, sh replace with A, E, I, and part has broken away from the original shape of phonetic plan in 1958; The 2nd key is represented simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, and except a, e, these 4 single vowels of i, o had used corresponding former key, all the other 32 simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable had all been done the artificial definition of personal views to the different keys position of keyboard, have broken away from phonetic plan in 1958 fully; The 3rd key has been concluded 40 radicals, and each radical has been defined a key position (comprising numerical key), and 8500 block characters are listed in different radical (or key position) respectively, does not have standard to comply with; The 4th key is represented tone, and each tone has been stipulated 7 codes, and 4 tones have been stipulated 28 codes (comprising numerical key) altogether, do not have standard to comply with.Seem each word 4 key, shortened length, but need twice conversion could become block character the coding of document 3,4 in people's brains with respect to the part Chinese-character phonetic letter.This comes down to.This scheme can only can not become a kind of alphabetic writing as a kind of encode Chinese characters for computer at most.All regulations do not have national liberal normalization to comply with, and it is too far away to depart from national Chinese phonetic alphabet regulation of being familiar with over more than 40 year in 1958 and font, if with this coding as literal, difficulty of learning, memory difficulty, the application implementation difficulty is too big.The examination paper that the Chao Yuen Ren of enumerating from document 3 bears earlier, contrast the present invention is with the coding difference of document 3,4, we may safely draw the conclusion: pinyin syllable of the present invention and mark are transferred and to be met phonetic plan standard, radical and represent to meet country divine by means of characters standard and radical standard, mark is transferred the symbol image, accurate description the Chinese speech pronunciation characteristics, study easily, memory easily.
Document 5 based on the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet, has increased the composition of expressing the meaning, and has created biological noun word-building, chemical element noun word-building, number word-building, noiseless full-time mark accent letter mark accent method, is a kind of natural language character input method.This method regulation 1) replace ü to serve as simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable, 2 with w) transfer letter, 3 with v and y as mark) when initial consonant r self-syllable, two r of writing are the fourth sound, during with other simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable spellings, two r invariable tones of writing.4) zh, ch, sh twoly are written as zzh, cch, ssh represents the fourth sound, 5) represent softly with m, add regulation, form following literal (Chinese-character phonetic letter of the present invention has been write out in contrast in the bracket behind the individual character): the nniuy ox the character implication of biological noun word-building, chemical element noun word-building, number word-building
The ggouv dog (
Justice sign indicating number q represents radical Quan), iany shiy rock (
Justice sign indicating number s, k represent radical mountain, mouth), the rreny mminy people
Nuuqii anger
The luuxiian route
The kexwey science
The mmavluu road
Iiangy oxygen (
Justice sign indicating number q represents radical gas), ttaan carbon (
Justice sign indicating number t represents the radical charcoal), or the like.We see that this invention is too big to phonetic plan change in 1958, and all regulations do not have national liberal normalization to comply with, it is too far away to depart from the national Chinese phonetic alphabet font of being familiar with over more than 40 year, with two expression Chinese character tone, the not only memory difficulties write of letter, recognize also very difficult, the application implementation difficulty is too big.Chinese-character phonetic letter of the present invention has been write out in contrast in the bracket, and is apparent, and pinyin syllable and mark are transferred and met phonetic plan standard, radical and represent to meet country divine by means of characters standard and radical standard, mark is transferred the symbol image, accurate description the Chinese speech pronunciation characteristics, easily study, memory easily.
These several alphabetic writing schemes and Hanzi coding scheme comprehensively are compared as follows table:
| The patent No. | The author | Target | The invention main points | To 1958 phonetic plan utilizations | The processing of accent mark, syllable-dividing mark |
| CN 1088323A 93120482 | The Zhang Fei roc | The encode Chinese characters for computer of holding concurrently of a kind of literal | Defined terms category code, speech are pressed grammer and are sorted out | The local change, but standardization is poor, utilizes insufficient | Do not have special-purpose accent mark, express with two initial consonants or simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable and other letters write |
| 94104542 | Sun Hongliang | The encode Chinese characters for computer of holding concurrently of a kind of literal | With more than 1880 self-defined syllable written forms and symbol "-" " ' " more than 60,000 general word of differentiation setting | Change too greatly, in fact utilize seldom | Do not have special-purpose accent mark, express with two initial consonants or simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable and other letters write |
| 88107306 | Qiu Hesheng | Encode Chinese characters for computer | Define the phonetic plan notation of 30 letter characters for inventor's definition, | Do not have | With arabic numeral as the Chinese language tone symbol |
| 97115964 | Qiu Hesheng | Encode Chinese characters for computer | Define the phonetic plan notation of 30 letter characters for inventor's definition, | Do not have | With arabic numeral as the Chinese language tone symbol |
| 90107890 | Jiang Aimin | Encode Chinese characters for computer | Biological noun word-building | Change utilize lacks more | Special-purpose accent mark but noiseless |
| The present invention | Li Junjie | The encode Chinese characters for computer of holding concurrently of a kind of literal | Defining 29 letter characters is the Chinese-character phonetic letter notation, the justice sign indicating number is represented radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries, differentiation 14000 block characters of setting and 100,000 general words | Change seldom, make full use of and safeguarded 1958 phonetic plans, | 3 accent marks are also composed with semanteme as letter symbol, meet the Chinese speech pronunciation characteristics, easily learn easily note |
2) help Chinese information transmission and processing
A. Chinese character information transmission
The computerized information transmission has in parallel and the series connection dual mode.Parallel way, the 8 bits of a byte transmits simultaneously, and benefit is that speed is fast, and problem is the cost height.If use parallel connection between two cities or two countries, so, the cost of cable and relevant facility is very high.The series system cost is more much lower than parallel way, thereby, count and reportedly pass on a large scale with under the condition of long distance, mostly with series connection.Series connection is transmitted, and the byte of character is transmitted according to bit one by one.Communication receiving/transmission is to certain amount of bits, must determine whether a byte is transmitted to finish, so that be converted to the character that can read with a series of 0 and 1.A large amount of statistics show that the information entropy of several main international language is respectively:
French 3.98 bit Spanish 4.01 bits
English 4.03 bit Russian, 4.35 bits
Block character 9.65 bit Chinese-character phonetic letters 4.20 bits
Alphabetic writings such as English the average information entropy less than 4.5 bits, a byte has 8 bits, therefore, remaining bit can be used for odd-even check and anti-wrong.Block character needs two bytes, and when setting up character library, the bit of two bytes do not have remaining bit to do odd-even check and anti-wrong, thereby Chinese network communication is easy to occur bad sign indicating number all with full.For the network communication of satisfying the multilingual literal with prevent bad sign indicating number, international network (as internet) extensively adopts the MIME mode to transmit information, its core is to use seven Bit data modes (7BIT DATA, pure words character mode) transmission information, and a remaining bit is done odd-even check.This mode is common to all computing machines and network channel.The alphabetic writing itself that information entropys such as English are little just uses pure words character, does not need the MIME conversion.Block character character information entropy surpasses 9, does not have the MIME conversion just to be easy to occur mess code or bad sign indicating number.The MIME conversion has cost consumption, and the conversion cost consumption of Chinese character mode is maximum in the world.
The The Analysis of Entropy result that the Chinese-character phonetic letter language material that converts to according to 2,000,000 side's piece Chinese characters carries out points out that the information entropy of Chinese-character phonetic letter is 4.2, can use the pure words character transmission as the little alphabetic writing of information entropys such as English, does not need the MIME conversion.Can foretell that Chinese-character phonetic letter will play a significant role in network Chinese field of information transmission, and will produce immeasurable economic benefit.Chinese-character phonetic letter satisfies the requirement of high-precision, highly reliable and keyboard processing, character recognition and 3 kinds of information processing manners of speech recognition, has the advantage that block character is difficult to have, for example order, be convenient to retrieval, be convenient to memory, write conveniently, see that word knows sound etc., it not merely has been certain deduction of ideal coding notation, and be once that successful Chinese alphabetic writing is attempted, be to meet Chinese character development and a reform of a writing system of computer Chinese information treatment technology trend and the practice of Pinyin coding literalization fully.Not having " repeated code " Chinese-character phonetic letter will play a significant role in Chinese character information processing.
B. determined the preface of block character uniquely with the preface of Chinese-character phonetic letter.
Though the ordering of block character has been made regulation in GB GB/T13418-92, use complexity loaded down with trivial details, still exist part random, can not calculate and do thorough solution.Though the difficult problem people that this puzzlement computer Chinese information is handled have inquired into decades, existing encode Chinese characters for computer does not have a tame scheme to solve.The no repeated code characteristics of Chinese-character phonetic letter have guaranteed and block character uniqueness one to one, and 29 letter characters that are used for constituting Chinese-character phonetic letter have unique order, thereby have guaranteed the order of Chinese-character phonetic letter, have correspondingly guaranteed the order of block character.The order of block character will form a unified standard of all trades and professions, with greatly improving the basic condition of Chinese information processing, will increase substantially processing efficiency of Chinese information.
C. standardization and rationality
Keyboard symbol, is called " unreasonable coding " if can explain without any reason with the corresponding relation between the encode Chinese characters for computer; If this corresponding relation can be explained with certain reason, be called " reasonable coding ".Chinese-character phonetic letter is tool rational " reasonable coding ".Its reason is:
---all Chinese-character phonetic letters all are to represent form (shape that comprises circumflex) based on the Chinese phonetic alphabet of the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958, are episome with the justice sign indicating number, have guaranteed the strict corresponding and pronunciation standardization with the block character pronunciation.
---all Chinese-character phonetic letters all are to mark with the justice sign indicating number that contains radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries, radical meaning, adopt 201 radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries, the radical of GB GB/T13418-92 regulation, be summed up as 20 classes, be under the jurisdiction of 20 justice sign indicating numbers respectively, guaranteed the normative and reasonable of adopted sign indicating number, improved the easy easy memory of Chinese-character phonetic letter as literal or coding.
D. the self-consistentency in Chinese-character phonetic letter storehouse
The foundation of Chinese-character phonetic letter is progressively implemented progressively to finish, and the coverage of Chinese-character phonetic letter can reach 60,000 Chinese characters, and guarantees compatibility, and the product that the front and back segmentation is finished still can constitute holonomic system.
E. the Chinese-character phonetic letter word segmentation writing has the space between words, can overcome the difficulty of participle in the information processing that the block character write the two or more syllables of a word together cause, and is expected to solve the obstacle of technology such as literal mechanical translation.
F. Chinese-character phonetic letter is an a kind of precision of Chinese and the form Chinese language of univocality has literal with the strict corresponding and pronunciation characteristic of accurate of pronunciation, is expected to improve the quality problems of voice mechanical translation.
G. Chinese-character phonetic letter adopts the Latin alphabet, and its identification difficulty adopts 16 * 16 dot matrix just can know the identification Chinese-character phonetic letter with English the same in the OCR optical character identification.Chinese-character phonetic letter will promote the high-quality fast development of Chinese information products and technical service in this field effectively, and will produce huge economic benefit.
3) there is not the advantage that weighs the tone code input scheme
A. the high conformity of Chinese written language and computer input code.
Extract the initial consonant of relevant Chinese-character phonetic letter and tone and formed the emulation Chinese-character phonetic letter as characteristic symbol and do not have heavy tone code, regular strong, standardization is strong, Chinese written language and computer input code consistent, easily learn easily remember easy-to-use.
B. code efficiency and input speed height.
Computer keyboard input is irreplaceable, accounts for maximum ratio in various input modes, so the keyboard input efficiency is the leading indicator of the input method performance paid close attention to of people always.The analytic statistics of 2,000,000 word block character language materials shows, the article (newspaper article, specification normative language novel etc.) that Chinese-character phonetic letter is not had the elementary difficulty of heavy tone code coding, the average bond number of each Chinese character is about 1.5, the average bond number of each Chinese character of the article of medium difficulty (dialectic novel etc.) is about 1.7, and the average bond number of each Chinese character of more highly difficult article (ancient Chinese prose etc.) is about 1.9.Because the normative and reasonable and the easy memory of Yi Xue of Chinese-character phonetic letter, use Chinese-character phonetic letter not have cataloged procedure efficient in typing person's brains of heavy tone code and be bound to very highly, can conclude that input speed can the Computer Associates International Inc..
C. listen and beat and see the adaptability of beating
Chinese-character phonetic letter does not have 2/3rds the phonetic feature that heavy tone code has extracted Chinese syllable, and the voice redundance is big, and the ambiguity degree is little, is suitable for most certainly listening beating.See and beat that difficult point is unacquainted block character.According to statistics, the accumulative total usage frequency of 3758 words of one-level character library has reached 99.88%, character learning degree for high school student even junior school student can reach this level, and unacquainted block character usually can be not a lot, and totally unnecessary worry is seen the adaptability problem of beating.In order to solve block character new word typing problem, designed electronic dictionary, can check word soon quickly by radical, radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries and look into sign indicating number, import fast.
D. the accurate expression of language and text pronunciation and want to beat adaptability
Block character can show justice but can not be intuitively, directly the watch sound table is transferred, Chinese-character phonetic letter not only can show justice and also can be intuitively, directly the watch sound table is transferred, and has possessed strict unique succession simultaneously, this is the incomparable advantage of block character.Wanting to beat is exactly not have manuscript to record while wanting to write article.Provide spelling and marked tone because Chinese-character phonetic letter all is the regulation in strict accordance with the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958, the accuracy and the standardization of Chinese-character phonetic letter expression block character pronunciation have been guaranteed, guaranteed the accurate expression of language or text pronunciation, thereby be exactly a kind of direct input of mother tongue by means of the input of the computing machine of Chinese-character phonetic letter, very now be adapted to want beat.
E. keyboard arrangements
General computer keyboard is widely used in the world word processing instrument, has become international standard.Most schemes have all been carried out more redefining to the active computer universal keyboard in the existing Hanzi coding scheme.It can be asserted that, the more little then symbol conversion of the scope amount that the active computer universal keyboard is redefined more less, memory capacitance is more little, input speed is high more.In 29 letter characters of Chinese-character phonetic letter notation, existing keyboard has only been redefined the rising tone symbol
Last sound symbol
With the falling tone symbol
Other all adopt the original definition of universal keyboard, and in all encodes Chinese characters for computer up to now, keyboard redefines the scope minimum.The present invention has designed a kind of direct definition rising tone sound, has gone up the Chinese and English universal keyboard of sound and falling tone symbol, allows each key not redefine, and Chinese and English state does not need conversion, so just can improve input speed greatly.
F. Chinese character input " bottleneck " problem is expected to termination.
Chinese-character phonetic letter meets " Chinese written language " various features and condition, accomplished that sign indicating number is exactly a literal, design according to no repeated code principle, possess the consistance of Chinese written language and computer input code.Adopt the emulation Chinese-character phonetic letter to do the computing machine input, can reduce even eliminate in typing person's brains, so can effectively solve the Chinese character that people for a long time attempt to solve and import " bottleneck " problem by the transfer process of block character to coding.
G. the comprehensive comparison of several famous Pinyin codings
The comparison of several Pinyin codings
| The coding title | Principle of design | Tone is represented | Code element and keyboard consistance | The Chinese and English state switches | Have or not the basis that is transformed into literal | The help means | Intelligent |
| Simplicity | Repeated code is arranged | The no meaning of a word | The c level | Have | Do not have | Association's prompting | Do not have |
| Spelling | Repeated code is arranged | The no meaning of a word | The c level | Have | Do not have | Association's prompting | Do not have |
| Two bors d's oeuveres | Repeated code is arranged | The no meaning of a word | The c level | Have | Do not have | Association's prompting | Do not have |
| Intelligent ABC | Repeated code is arranged | The no meaning of a word | The b level | Have | Have | Association's prompting | Have |
| Natural code | Repeated code is arranged | The no meaning of a word | The c level | Have | Do not have | Association's prompting | Have |
| Universal code | Repeated code is arranged | The no meaning of a word | The b level | Have | Have | Association's prompting | Have |
| The phonetic of expressing the meaning | Repeated code is arranged | The no meaning of a word | The b level | Have | Have | Association's prompting | Have |
| Chinese-character phonetic letter | No repeated code | The meaning of a word is arranged | The a level | Do not have | Become literal | Two-way dictionary | Have |
4) promote the block character reform
Computer Chinese information is handled and is being called the reform of Chinese characters.Because encode Chinese characters for computer notation and Chinese character symbol system itself exist the rule contact, therefore a lot of experts are according to the bold prophesy of theoretical reasoning and coding practice: " is another notation one to one if the encode Chinese characters for computer of a kind of widely used on computers phonetic class is arranged with block character; so, and people are difficult to guarantee that block character and encode Chinese characters for computer symbol can not use and substitute the use phenomenon with.If perhaps this coding is exactly second kind of literal of Chinese.This new Chinese written language will have the advantage that block character itself is difficult to have, for example order, be convenient to retrieval, be convenient to memory, write conveniently, see that word knows sound etc. ".Chinese-character phonetic letter is the sort of " the new Chinese written language " of brainstrust prophesy just.Chinese-character phonetic letter helps improving social production efficient, social interactions efficient, shortens the cycle of China's adolescents with learning Chinese character, accelerates personnel training speed, and applying of Chinese-character phonetic letter is bound to promote the block character reform.This is the once trial of transforming the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958, is bound to have permanent availability as second kind of literal of Chinese.Along with the expansion of usable range, the intensification of use level, Chinese-character phonetic letter will fully show the importance and the huge contribution of country and socio-economic development.
5) help popularizing Beijing pronunciation
Each national Chinese character pronunciation of the standard whole society can not only lean on the student to learn at refectory a few years, and the interchange that also will lean against in the society is used, and this just not only will have the common call of government, but must rely on the legal accurately Chinese-character phonetic letter of watch sound.If the randomness and the state of anarchy of block character pronunciation can not be resolved, people's learning putonghua in dialect area just can not be effective, and mandarin just can not really be promoted.Can only recognize block character after a lot of people grow up, the Chinese phonetic alphabet of middle and primary schools' study has been forgotten gradually.The reason that this situation occurs is very simple: current Chinese phonetic only is a kind of phonetic symbol, is not a kind of legal literal, learns it just in order to help the people to be familiar with block character, and removing this does not have other use again.Therefore the Chinese phonetic alphabet in 1958 is limited for the effect of popularizing Beijing pronunciation.If the Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet in 1958 is not phonetic symbol but second kind of literal of Chinese, situation will be made a world of difference so.Because it is mandatory that the literal use has, and code requirement is arranged, force people to have to learn, the usefulness of having to can not be write recklessly, can not disorderly piece together, and can not arbitrarily pronounce.We have reason to conclude, if release legal Chinese-character phonetic letter, the popularization standard spoken Chinese of China be bound to than now successfully much many, rapid, much effective.We expect the whole of China some day everyone all can speak Mandarin, realize the language unity of the Chinese nation, realize big-and-middle Chinese unisonance.Want to have this day, must firmly release the Chinese-character phonetic letter that to show justice and directly accurate watch sound.
6) help the raising of foreign exchanges and statehood
Any literal is used in foreign exchanges, convenient inconvenient, an accurate inaccurate problem is not only arranged, and a national status problem is arranged.Though block character is identified as one of work literal in the international conference, but difficulty is recognized difficulty and is read to be difficult to write because block character finds it difficult to learn, foreigner's learning Chinese is very difficult, thereby the number of learning Chinese is few generally, international conference exchanges in fact seldom uses Chinese, still must be by means of English or other foreign languages.Chinese-character phonetic letter is particularly conducive to the foreigners learning Chinese.Allow the easy note of foreigner Yi Xue just help Chinese in global propagation.The extensive degree that the language of a nationality is propagated in the world is the sign of this national world position height.Under the situation of the economic fast development of current China, Chinese-character phonetic letter " integrates with " with numerous alphabetic writing in the world, helps Chinese to global propagation, helps foreign exchanges, help propagating Chinese national culture, help improving the Chinese nation and china's world position.Therefore, founding Chinese-character phonetic letter as early as possible, be not only the needs of Chinese Economy Development, also is the needs of Chinese political developing.We expect to have and read out file towards Chinese on the one in international conference and directly no longer use foreign language with Chinese, and we expect that more Chinese can each country propagates in the whole world as English.Want to have this day, must firmly release with Latin alphabet symbol is the Chinese-character phonetic letter of morpheme.
Accompanying drawing has provided a kind of keyboard Designing scheme, and being has increased rising tone sound symbol on the basis of Chinese and English universal keyboard
Last sound symbol
With the falling tone symbol
3 keys.Adopt this scheme, need not switch back and forth between the Chinese and English during keyboard input, can significantly reduce importer's brainwork and mental fatigue.
Chinese-character phonetic letter is a kind of high efficiency literal.It can see character pronunciation, easily learns, easily remembers, easily writes, and the utmost point is suitable for infantile study to be recognized, and is the important means of accelerating China's national education and personnel training, also is the effective means that China eliminates illiteracy.It can directly enter computing machine, order, and the Chinese information transmission that is highly advantageous to helps Chinese information retrieval inquiry and processing, helps improving mechanical translation and all kinds of technical merit about Chinese IT product.Its utmost point is suitable for the foreigner and is used for learning Chinese, helps Chinese to worldwide dissemination, helps foreign exchanges, helps improving china's international standing and national status.Several generations explore earnestly that a century does not propose feasible program on the Chinese alphabetic writing, but do not arrive in time.Chinese-character phonetic letter meets the needs of the high-speed development of China's economy, science and technology, culture, meets cycle of popularizing Beijing pronunciation, shortening national association Chinese, improves social information and exchange efficient, improve pressing for of aspect such as Chinese information processing basis means.Chinese-character phonetic letter is to absorb each side's strong points to sum up the theory and the method for coming out in the great change of computer Chinese information treatment technology, be one and can produce good social effect and economic benefit, can benefit language message media of communication throughout the ages, be bound to cause that the whole society notes widely and use.The present invention all is rewritten as the independent heavy Latinize phonetic form of not having to 6763 block characters and wherein corresponding heterograph word, the variant Chinese character that comprise among the standard GB 2312-80 at 14000 interior block characters, and the independence of having set up about 100,000 Chinese characters in common use vocabulary does not based on this have heavy Latinize phonetic form, can express whole semantemes that 14000 block characters can be expressed like clockwork, can be regarded as the another kind of written form of Chinese, this is once that large-scale Chinese alphabetic writing is explored, for from now on research place mat foundation stone.We believe that Chinese-character phonetic letter one obtains being recognized by society surely, and we are very optimistic to the prospect of Chinese-character phonetic letter.In order to allow Chinese-character phonetic letter enter into society, we advise following behave:
● do not have the application of heavy tone code form with Chinese-character phonetic letter earlier, investigate its actual effect.
● because Chinese-character phonetic letter is a great systems engineering, comprising a large amount of ins and outs, a certain individual's viewpoint can not be perfect and be proposed complete preferred plan, wishes to list in the Chinese language study plan, composition expert team chisels it and makes corrections, and makes it perfect.
● country should release supporting standard as early as possible, for example name, place name, sea, lake, mountains and rivers name, translated name standard.
● country should make laws as early as possible, stipulates legal block character and operating specification thereof, progressively forbids traditional font, variant Chinese character.
● release the type Chinese-character phonetic letter on probation of authorized by state, by " language two literary compositions " principle, progressively on probation.
● formulate the national standard of Chinese-character phonetic letter.
● make laws, formally apply.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of emulation phonetic Chinese character input method, it is characterized in that: this input method is imported each code element according to the order of initial consonant segment, simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment, noiseless justice sign indicating number section harmony tuning section, redefines the rising tone sound symbol that 3 key mapping tables show the tone segment on universal computer keyboard
Last sound symbol
The falling tone symbol
Other letters are corresponding fully with keyboard;
Described initial consonant segment and simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable segment adopt the spelling input, are standard with the initial consonant and the simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable of national standard phonetic plan in 1958, but substitute ü with yu;
Described noiseless justice sign indicating number section adopts 20 adopted representation, is foundation with 201 ones of GB GB/T13418-92 annex 1 Chinese character radicals table regulation, sets the appellation pronunciation or the custom pronunciation of radical and radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries, and sort out as follows to radical, radicals by which characters are arranged in traditional Chinese dictionaries and the parts appellation of 20 justice sign indicating number representatives in view of the above: b-Ba ， Ha, crust, Http, Mi, Bao, foretell, white, half, ratio, an ancient type of spoon, shellfish, nose, Epileptic, drooping; C-Lv, factory,
Car, very little, minister, worm, red, occasion are adopted, tooth,
Chuo, Chang ， Qe,
Cao; D-Dian, cutter, , Dao, beans, bad, Da ， Bo, ancient cooking vessel, Fan; F-drooping, the side, the father, wind, narrow-necked earthen jar, mound, Fu left side ear, non-, fly; G-bow, leather, dagger-axe, ghost is done, and is sweet, the worker, melon, blunt, paddy, bone, wide, tortoise, height, drum,
Chuan; H-one, fire, Xiangxi, standing grain, the family, black, tiger, , Huang,
J-gold, Jin, jin, towel, several, oneself sees angle, mortar, Yin, fragrant-flowered garlic; K-mouth, Contraband, Qian, Jiong; L-power, upright, old,
In, dragon, halogen, deer, fork-like farm tool used in ancient China is subordinate to,
Ear, Jie, and, youngster, you, zero consonant word; M-door, wood, horse, fiber crops, hair, mother, not, order, ware, lance, rice, wheat, Mian, face; N-woman, ox, Niu,
Bird, European-allies; P-Pie, skin, sheet, slit bamboo or chopped wood,, Shu,
San strikes lightly; Q-gas is owed, dog, and Quan, green grass or young crops, , it is begged,
R-people goes into, Ren, and , Chi, day, meat; S-Shu, water, Bing, Rui,
Body, head, tongue, hand, , Rolling, food, Cannibals, Si, yarn shows, Woo, the scholar, the mountain, four, Si, stone, ten, vow, corpse, pig, the family name, Si gives birth to an ancient weapon made of bamboo, mouse, broomcorn millet, look, the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches; T-soil, the scholar, the field, day, Tou; W-literary composition, The-Fan, the king, jade, Wei, watt, not, there is not Tou; X-heart, Xin, ,
Sunset, suffering, little, ,
The west, blood, cave, perfume (or spice), Chuan, San, Ji; Y-one, tooth, speech, Yan, again, and second, clothing, Yi shoots a retrievable arrow, and is outstanding, In-particular,
Already, rain, fish, page or leaf, plumage, then,
Month, the one, sheep, ,
At the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches, sound is said, city, and the right ear of Fu, a unit of measure used in ancient China is died young,, Na, jade, マ; Z-Yi ， Yin, Ya, 亅,
Cui, foot, , boat, son, lonely, end, pawl, Zhao, bamboo, , from, walk, Chuo,, strike lightly, insect without feet or legs, extremely,
Zhuang; The code taking rule of described noiseless justice sign indicating number section is as follows:
● choose high frequency word in each syllable as the nonsense code word of 1285 pinyin syllable of Modern Chinese according to the Modern Chinese word frequency statistic table of State Bureau of Standardization 1992 issue;
● in the repeat code Chinese character of left and right sides structure and left, center, right structure, have the other Chinese character of the different left avertence of justice sign indicating number and get by the left avertence, have the other Chinese character of the identical left avertence of justice sign indicating number then the high frequency word get by the left avertence, low-frequency word is got by the right avertence; In the repeat code Chinese character of up-down structure and upper, middle and lower structure, radical got in the Chinese character with different the last radical of justice sign indicating number, and radical got in the Chinese character with adopted yard identical last radical then high frequency word, and low-frequency word takes off radical; In the repeat code Chinese character of external and internal compositions, outer radical got in the Chinese character with the different outer radical of justice sign indicating number, and outer radical got in the Chinese character with the identical outer radical of justice sign indicating number then high frequency word, and the initial consonant of radical pronunciation was as adopted yard in low-frequency word was got;
● when the repeat code Chinese character in the identical syllable used above-mentioned justice sign indicating number rule all not distinguished, remaining repeat code Chinese character used the initial consonant of whole word pronunciation as the justice sign indicating number;
● when the repeat code Chinese character in the identical syllable is not still all distinguished, remaining repeat code Chinese character with the initial consonant of the Chinese character pronunciation of this forms of first strokes of Chinese characters parts appellation as justice yard;
Described tone segment comprises rising tone sound symbol
Last sound symbol
The falling tone symbol
And syllable-dividing mark
Separate with syllable-dividing mark when other syllables of logotype can the company of generation be pieced together after the high and level tone syllable.
2, emulation phonetic Chinese character input method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: rising tone sound symbol
Last sound symbol
The falling tone symbol
Correspond respectively to symbolic key on the universal computer keyboard/, alphabetical v and symbolic key.
3, emulation phonetic Chinese character input method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: universal computer keyboard is replaced with a kind of Chinese and English universal keyboard, and this Chinese and English universal keyboard increases by 3 key mapping tables and shows tone on the basis of universal computer keyboard
With
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