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CN100475603C - 通风座 - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN100475603C
CN100475603C CNB018229743A CN01822974A CN100475603C CN 100475603 C CN100475603 C CN 100475603C CN B018229743 A CNB018229743 A CN B018229743A CN 01822974 A CN01822974 A CN 01822974A CN 100475603 C CN100475603 C CN 100475603C
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seat
bag
ventilation
air
liner
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CN1492816A (zh
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布伦诺恩·L·怀特
玛丽·J·伦巴德
安妮·P·莉斯
威廉·G·里德
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WET Automotive Systems AG
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Johnson Controls Technology Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56Heating or ventilating devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5607Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection
    • B60N2/5621Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air
    • B60N2/5635Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air coming from the passenger compartment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5607Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection
    • B60N2/5621Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air
    • B60N2/5657Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air blown towards the seat surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5607Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection
    • B60N2/5621Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air
    • B60N2/565Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air sucked from the seat surface

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vehicle Waterproofing, Decoration, And Sanitation Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种通风车座,包括由不透气材料制成并封装衬垫材料的包。所述包优选包括上、下网层和在网层之间延伸的纤维,所述纤维具有足够的弹性,以便在座位被使用时能防止衬垫材料被整体破坏。用于强制空气流入或流出包的通风机与不透气层之间的空间相连。在包顶上设置有孔,并且优选地选择孔的尺寸以便平衡座面上的气流,而不是让所有的气流均通过最靠近风扇的开口。可选择的透气加热层可以设置在包上方。通风部件和饰物部件优选通过单一操作被缝合到座位中。

Description

通风座
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及车座技术,具体涉及一种通风座,其中空气可以从座位表面被强制向上吹出,或者透过座位表面向下吹出,从而使使用者更加舒适。更具体地说,本发明涉及通风座系统,该系统通过单一操作便能简便地安装到座位中,且易于与多种座位设计相匹配。
背景技术
已知有许多不同类型的通风座技术。它们典型的设计是通过使空气穿过座位外套或者水平穿过座位本身,使使用者更加舒适。在热的天气,气流在使用者身体接触的座位附近流动有助于制冷和减少出汗。在冷的天气,若有热空气被强制流过座位或座位外套,则通风座有助于温暖使用者。因此已知的是,通风座内的气流可以用于任何一方面。
还知道通风座内所用的空气可以是环境空气(即温度与车内温度相同的空气),也可以是冷空气或热空气。例如,通风座可以与车内的空调相连。此外,已知的通风座可以包括流量控制,比如具备低、中、高流量设置,以便增加或减小空气的总流量以及控制流向。
尽管通风车座已知有一段时间,但在工业中并没有得到广泛应用,通常属于比较昂贵的选择或者作为豪华车辆的标准设备。一方面是因为制造成本,如在针对本申请所提出的许多专利中所述的那样,通风座系统设计复杂且难于安装。在许多时候,提供通风特征是整体座位设计的主要考虑因素,并迫使厂家综合考虑舒适性或者设计细节。大多数情况下,在将座垫的最后一层及饰物缝合在其他部件上之前,必须将通风部件很小心地安置在座位内,并考虑管道作业及空气流动装置。装配时间的增加导致了厂家、原始设备制造商(OEM)、和最终用户费用的增加。一种工效高、座位通风部分的气流平稳、且与现有技术的通风座相比制造成本更低的通风座系统将代表着本领域的实质性进步。
发明内容
本发明的主要特征是所提供的通风座系统克服了现有技术通风座的上述缺点。
本发明的另一特征是所提供的通风座系统相对便宜且便于被多种座位设计所采用。
本发明的另一个不同特征是所提供的通风座系统在座位所有需要通风的地方气流都非常均匀。
本发明的再一个特征是所提供的通风座系统可以包括加热层,在冷的天气能使使用者更加舒适。
本发明的再一个特征是所提供的通风座系统的性能不会因为使用者的重量大而被削弱。
如何单独实现本发明的这些及其他特征或者实现它们的各种组合,将在下面针对优选实施方式并结合附图所作出的详尽的说明书中得到描述。但是,提供这些特征的通风座系统一般位于饰物(例如透气皮、布料等)之下,并在座位厂家的工厂内安装。通风座系统包括包,该包具有上、下二张非渗透性材料,从而防止空气在厂家确定的位置之外流通。包内设置有展开的三维衬垫材料,其优选包括上、下网层和在上、下网层之间延伸的硬质纤维。也可以使用发泡塑料。衬垫材料的硬度足够大,当座位被使用时,即使是被体重较大的使用者使用时,也能避免气流不畅。在包的上表面设置有孔,这些孔的样式优选设置成与使用者的接触面相匹配。例如,坐垫包上的孔可以排列成U-形,而椅背上的孔则可以是从座位的下部向上部延伸的线性排列。通风系统(例如,风扇或者与车辆空调相连的输送管道)与包相连,并由此与衬垫材料的空间相通,从而使空气水平地、纵向地和垂直地流过衬垫材料。如果通风系统处于抽吸模式,空气经由孔被吸入衬垫材料内并流出包。当处于增压模式时,空气被强制压入包内并经由孔而流出。本发明的特征还可通过改变孔的尺寸,即靠近气流入口或出口的孔较小,从而平衡流经孔的空气量来加以实现。可选择的加热板可作为一层用在座位饰物层与包的上层之间,或者也可通过将通风系统与由车带动的热风系统相连来实现加热效果。对于冷却,可以使用环境空气,或者使用与车辆空调系统相连的风扇。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,通过阅读下面的详细说明,将清楚理解用于实现本发明特征的其他方法,其中详细说明是针对优选的、可选择的实施方式作出的。本申请的发明人认为,如果所述的其他方法落入了附属权利要求的范围之内,则它们同样落入本发明的范围之内。
附图简介
在下面的附图中,相同的附图标记表示相同的部件。
图1是部分剖视的示意性立体图,说明根据本发明优选实施方式的通风座系统的主要部件;
图2是本发明通风座系统的示意性立体图(移去了上层饰物和可选择的加热层),说明坐垫上二个通风座包的位置及其与单风扇的连接;和
图3是本发明主要部件的分解视图。
具体实施方式
在开始对优选的、可选择的实施方式进行详细描述之前,关于本发明的实用性及范围有几点说明。
第一,本发明的通风加热系统可用于多种座位,包括如图2所示的运动型或桶型座位,或者是长排座位。至于后者,通风系统可由使用者选择,即对同一个座位的不同部分实现单独控制,或者仅使用只有一个控制的单一的包系统。
第二,示出的本发明的通风加热系统是在包上层之上和座位饰物之下设置可选择的透气加热垫。也可以使用其他方法来加热座位,例如,将包内空间与车辆的热风系统相连。
第三,优选将本发明的通风加热系统与座位饰物及垫子部件缝合在一起,以提高制造效率。但是,包也可以作为单独部件进行装配,然后放置在座位中,并作为独立单元与风扇连接。对于这种情况需要注意的是,在说明书中未示出或没有详细说明的垫层和其它舒适层也可以使用。如果垫层是放置在包顶之上,它应该具有能使空气容易通过的开孔。
第四,对于将附图中所示的风扇与冷、热或环境空气源连接的方法,没有作具体说明,但是,如果要想将风扇与车辆的冷风系统或者车辆的热风系统相连,用于车辆制造领域的常规管道工件可以用来将温度经过调节的空气从源头输送至风扇。
第五,除了不透气包内的衬垫材料之外,用于制造饰物、加热垫和包本身的材料可以选择的范围非常广泛。对于饰物,应该选择透气材料如布料或透气皮,但是其厚度、颜色等等可具有各种变化。其它衬垫材料,如发泡塑料,能用在不透气包内,只要使空气能在任意方向流通,即在衬垫材料本身内部为纵向、横向、或垂直。此处使用的优选衬垫材料是由德国Mueller Textile of Wiehl公司制造的衬垫材料5900系列。该材料除了具有分布空气的优点之外,还具有舒适性的优点,其包括:上网层、下网层、和多个在两个网层之间延伸的硬质树脂纤维。当使用者坐在座位上时,该材料会发生轻微变形,但由于它具有足够高的弹性,所以不会变形到阻碍空气流通,从而降低座位通风效率的程度。在优选实施方式中,包的上层是由双层材料所制,该材料的第一下层是由不透气树脂膜组成,其上是薄的发泡塑料层。合适的材料是由美国密歇根州Southfield的Foamex International,Inc.公司制造的PladilonTM材料。
现在对优选实施方式进行描述。图1是部分剖开的示意图,说明根据本发明优选实施方式的通风座部件10。部件10包括多个不同的层,这些层根据本发明的不同方面可以进行变化和/或删除,如上所述。座位部件10的上层是透气饰物层,其优选为布料或透气皮。位于饰物层12之下的是透气加热层14。加热层14之下为包18的顶层16。该图中还示出了包18的底层20,包就是通过顶层16与底层20的结合而形成的。除了在包顶层16上设置一些孔22之外,包是不透气的。从图1中可注意到,可以在加热垫14上设置孔,但如果加热垫材料是透气的,则不必如此。从图1中还可注意到,靠近图的下面部分的孔22的尺寸大于靠近加热垫14的孔,关于这一点将在后面作更多说明。
如图1所示,部件10的最后一个部分为衬垫材料24。如前所述,优选的衬垫材料是Mueller Textile材料,其包括:上网层;下网层;和多个在两个网层之间延伸的纤维。该材料具有足够的弹性,当使用者坐在或靠在通风座部件10上时,能防止衬垫层24变形。
图2说明座位30使用两个包的情况,其中座位30包含椅背32和坐垫34。一个包10位于椅背32的中心区域,而另一个包位于垫子34的中心区域。每个包在座位的截线和包的不透气层之间延伸,并与截线下面的风扇35合适地连接。
图2还详细说明了本发明优选实施方式的一个方面,即孔22的尺寸随着空气流通距离的增加而变化。在该图中,在椅背32上面延伸有三个开口,即孔37、38和39,其随着与风扇35之间距离的增加而逐渐变大。这些孔设置成线性模式,因为发现这种模式对于使使用者暖和或凉爽都比较理想。位于垫子34上的包还包括开口模式22,在这时候则设置成U-形,用来舒适使用者的腿及臀部。位于“U”底部的开口42最小,一组开口43、44、45和46以间隔的方式朝着包前面延伸并逐渐变大。气孔的这种尺寸及排列,即越靠近通风机则孔越小,有利于来自通风机,此时为风扇35,的气流更加均匀。但是应该理解,在不背离本发明范围的情况下,孔的尺寸也可以是相同的。
接下来的图3为一个包的更加详尽的分解视图。对于不同的层,将使用与图1中相同的附图标记。从顶部开始,显示的透气饰物层12位于加热层14之上(在这种情况下,示出了用于电连接的电线15)。包顶16位于加热器之下,并提供了衬垫材料24。包底20安装在坐垫48上。
在图3中,包顶16、衬垫24及包底20中的每一个都包括延长的尾部,用带有一个主符号的相同附图标记标注(例如16’)。在所示的实施方式中,这些穿过座位截线和开口49的延长部分所使用的材料为形成包顶16的材料。在该图中,风扇50用作通风机,与开口49相连。根据座位类型及位置,尾部可以向前或向侧边延伸。
在使用时,优选在连接饰物12的同时将图3中的系统缝合在座位上。部件12、14、16和20可以缝合在一起,后二者的缝合形成沿包18延伸的缝的一部分。部件16’和20’可以沿着它们的边进行缝合,以保持该区域的不透气性。风扇本身的连接可以采用任何合适的方式,比如使用黏结剂或类似物。参考图3还容易理解如何将其他的通风机应用到本发明的通风座当中。例如,从车辆空调系统延伸出的管道,其一端可以密封连接开口49,从而使热空气或冷空气穿过衬垫而到达孔(该图中未示出)及包顶16。这里再强调一次,空气运动的速率及方向可以通过连接到通风机50的单独的控制器进行控制,或通过使用车辆的风扇速率及温度控制装置来加以控制。如果使用的风扇50没有直接与车辆的空调系统相连,优选的是,风扇在增压模式或抽吸模式下的操作是可逆的,而且风扇可具有多个速度,即至少具有低、中、高设置。
尽管针对一个优选的实施方式及可替换的实施方式对本发明进行了描述,但本发明并不受其限制,而是唯一地通过附属权利要求的范围加以限制。

Claims (20)

1、一种车辆通风座,包含:
具有坐垫部件和椅背部件的车座,该二部件中的至少一个部件是通风的,每个通风部件在使用者与座位的接触区域具有透气饰物面;
由不透气材料制成的包,该包位于每个通风部件的饰物面之下,且包括顶部和底部,该顶部靠近所述饰物面,并在包顶部上设置孔以便允许空气从中流过;
位于包内的衬垫,允许空气以任何方向从所述衬垫中流过,该衬垫具有足够的弹性,以便在座位被坐在其上的使用者压缩时能防止气流阻塞;
包开口;和
与包开口相连的通风机;
其中包上的一些孔比其它孔更加靠近所述包开口,并且这些孔的尺寸随着与所述包开口之间距离的增加而变大。
2、如权利要求1所述的通风座,其特征在于,所述衬垫包括:毗邻包顶部的上网层;毗邻包底部的下网层;以及多个在所述上网层和下网层之间延伸的塑料纤维。
3、如权利要求1所述的通风座,其特征在于,所述包顶部包括内部不透气树脂膜层和外部发泡塑料外套。
4、如权利要求1所述的通风座,其特征在于,所述通风机为连接包开口的风扇。
5、如权利要求1所述的通风座,其特征在于,所述通风机为车辆空调系统。
6、如权利要求1所述的通风座,包含电气加热层,该加热层位于所述包顶部与所述饰物面之间。
7、如权利要求1所述的通风座,其特征在于,所述包上的孔的排列方式大体上对应于使用者与座位的接触区域。
8、如权利要求1所述的通风座,其特征在于,所述坐垫部件和所述椅背部件均是通风的。
9、如权利要求8所述的通风座,其特征在于,一个单一通风机与二个所述包相连,并且该通风机连接每个包的延伸部分。
10、如权利要求8所述的通风座,其特征在于,二个所述包的顶部均由内部树脂膜层和外部发泡塑料外套形成。
11、如权利要求1所述的通风座,其特征在于,所述通风机适于强制空气流入所述包并经由所述孔而流出,并且为变速通风机。
12、如权利要求1所述的通风座,其特征在于,所述通风机适于从所述包抽吸空气并经由所述孔而流入,并且为变速通风机。
13、如权利要求1所述的通风座,其特征在于,所述通风机为可逆的,并适于选择性地从包内抽吸空气或将空气强制吹入包内。
14、如权利要求8所述的通风座,其特征在于,
包顶、衬垫及包底中的每一个都包括延长的尾部,所述延长的尾部穿过座位截线。
15、一种通风座组件,包括:具有基本水平的坐垫和椅背的座位,该座位还具有透气的装饰用的外部饰物套;包,该包位于坐垫和椅背二者至少之一上的饰物套的下方,并且具有不透气顶部、不透气底部和连接通风机的开口,其中,在每个包顶部设置有一种形式的孔,在每个包内设置有衬垫,所述孔的排列及尺寸能使穿过其中的气流基本均匀,其中,包上的一些孔比其它孔更加靠近所述包开口,并且这些孔的尺寸随着与所述包开口之间距离的增加而变大。
16、如权利要求15所述的通风座组件,其特征在于,所述衬垫适于在使用者坐在座位上时保持其中的空气流通。
17、如权利要求16所述的通风座组件,其特征在于,所述衬垫包含毗邻包顶部的上网层;毗邻包底部的下网层;以及多个在所述上网层和下网层之间延伸的塑料纤维。
18、如权利要求16所述的通风座组件,其特征在于,所述包顶部包括内部不透气树脂膜层和外部发泡塑料外套。
19、如权利要求17所述的通风座组件,其特征在于,每个通风机为风扇。
20、如权利要求17所述的通风座组件,其特征在于,所述包上的孔的排列方式大体上对应于使用者与座位的接触区域。
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DE60112473D1 (de) 2005-09-08
US20040046437A1 (en) 2004-03-11
US20020096931A1 (en) 2002-07-25
WO2002053411A2 (en) 2002-07-11
AU2002232702A1 (en) 2002-07-16
DE60112473T2 (de) 2006-05-24
US7040710B2 (en) 2006-05-09
ES2250511T3 (es) 2006-04-16
JP2004520889A (ja) 2004-07-15
EP1349746B1 (en) 2005-08-03
ATE301053T1 (de) 2005-08-15
KR100854565B1 (ko) 2008-08-26
JP4017981B2 (ja) 2007-12-05
US7229129B2 (en) 2007-06-12
KR20030076996A (ko) 2003-09-29
CN1492816A (zh) 2004-04-28
US20060103183A1 (en) 2006-05-18
EP1349746A2 (en) 2003-10-08
WO2002053411A3 (en) 2003-01-23

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