Whole-rod type sugarcane combine harvester and channel assembly thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a whole-rod type sugarcane combine harvester and a channel assembly thereof.
Background
The sugarcane combine harvester greatly reduces the labor intensity of personnel in the sugarcane harvesting process and effectively improves the harvesting efficiency of the sugarcane.
The walking device is usually a front wheel and a rear wheel of the combine harvester, the sugarcane supporting device is arranged on two sides of the main body frame so as to support the lodging sugarcane when the combine harvester travels and prevent the sugarcane from entering a cutting row and being pulled up by a root, the sugarcane cutting device is arranged on the lower portion of the main body frame and close to the front end of the channel, the front end of the channel assembly is provided with a press-in roller and a feed roller, when the combine harvester travels, the press-in roller firstly presses the sugarcane to be inclined, then the sugarcane cutting device is contacted with the root of the sugarcane and cuts the sugarcane, when the combine harvester travels, the root of the sugarcane is firstly conveyed into the channel assembly due to relative movement between the sugarcane and the channel, then the sugarcane is conveyed backwards under the action of a conveying roller in the channel assembly and is simultaneously stripped by a leaf stripping device arranged in the channel assembly, and the sugarcane output by the channel assembly is directly conveyed into a rear collector fixedly arranged on the rear portion of the main body frame through an outlet .
In the prior sugarcane combine harvester, when sugarcane enters a channel assembly, only one-time leaf stripping process is carried out, in order to ensure the leaf stripping rate of the sugarcane, a designer has to design a harder leaf stripping sheet in a leaf stripping device and ensure that the stripping force of the leaf stripping sheet on the sugarcane is larger, but the problem is also serious, because the stripping force of the leaf stripping sheet on the sugarcane is larger, the sugarcane is often broken, on one hand, the broken sugarcane is easy to block the channel assembly, the clearing and discharging are very difficult, and the actual harvesting efficiency is very low; on the other hand, the material is easy to fall into the field, and the loss rate is high.
Therefore, how to effectively avoid the breakage of the sugarcane in the channel assembly while ensuring the sugarcane leaf peeling rate so as to improve the harvesting efficiency and reduce the sugarcane loss rate is a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an aspect of the present invention is to provide a channel assembly of a whole-stalk sugarcane combine harvester, so as to effectively prevent sugarcane from being broken in the channel assembly while ensuring the sugarcane leaf peeling rate.
The invention also provides a whole-rod type sugarcane combine harvester with the channel assembly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a channel assembly for a whole cane combine harvester comprising:
a channel housing;
the sugarcane feeding device comprises a pressing-in roller arranged at the front end of a channel shell and a feeding roller arranged behind the pressing-in roller and used for feeding sugarcane;
the front end conveying device is arranged close to the feeding roller;
a rear end delivery device disposed proximate the end of the channel housing;
the multi-stage leaf peeling device is positioned between the front end conveying device and the rear end conveying device, the rear part of each stage of leaf peeling device is provided with a leaf discharging device corresponding to the leaf peeling device, and a leaf discharging opening is formed in the position, corresponding to the leaf discharging device, of the channel shell.
Preferably, a first-stage leaf peeling device and a second-stage leaf peeling device are arranged between the front-end conveying device and the rear-end conveying device, a first-stage leaf discharging device is arranged between the first-stage leaf peeling device and the second-stage leaf peeling device, and a second-stage leaf discharging device is arranged between the second-stage leaf peeling device and the rear-end conveying device.
Preferably, the front end conveying device and the rear end conveying device are both composed of an upper conveying roller and a lower conveying roller which are oppositely arranged and rotate oppositely, and the upper conveying roller is a floating roller which can move up and down along with the change of the diameter of the sugarcane.
Preferably, the leaf peeling device comprises:
an upper first dancer roll;
the leaf peeling roller is arranged below the first floating roller on the upper portion and comprises a leaf peeling roller body and leaf peeling rubber plates evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the leaf peeling roller body.
Preferably, the leaf discharging device comprises:
an upper second dancer roll;
the leaf discharging roller is arranged below the upper second floating roller and comprises a leaf discharging roller body and a leaf discharging rubber plate evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the leaf discharging roller body, and the rotating direction of the leaf discharging roller body is opposite to that of the leaf peeling roller body.
The whole-stalk sugarcane combine harvester disclosed by the invention comprises a main body frame, a sugarcane supporting device, a channel assembly and a rear collector, wherein the channel assembly is the channel assembly of any one of the whole-stalk sugarcane combine harvesters disclosed by the invention.
Preferably, the rear collector is hinged to the main body frame, and an oil cylinder for enabling the rear collector to turn forwards is further arranged between the rear collector and the main body frame.
Preferably, the sugarcane supporting device comprises spiral cylinders which are arranged on two sides of the front end of the main body rack in a bilateral symmetry mode and rotate oppositely, and the spiral cylinders are connected with the main body rack through a lifting device.
Preferably, the sugarcane tip cutting device further comprises a tip cutting device which is arranged at the front end of the main body frame and used for cutting the tip of the sugarcane tip, a cutter disc of the tip cutting device is connected with the main body frame through a four-bar support, and a height adjusting oil cylinder is further arranged between the four-bar support and the main body frame.
Preferably, the device further comprises an impurity removing device arranged at the tail end of the channel, the impurity removing device comprises an air duct provided with an impurity outlet and a sugarcane outlet and fan blades arranged in the air duct, and the rear collector is arranged below the sugarcane outlet of the impurity removing device.
According to the technical scheme, the channel assembly of the whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the channel shell is internally provided with the press-in roller, the feeding roller, the front-end conveying device and the rear-end conveying device, the multi-stage leaf peeling device is arranged between the front-end conveying device and the rear-end conveying device, the rear part of each stage of leaf peeling device is provided with the leaf discharging device corresponding to the leaf peeling device, and the position of the channel shell corresponding to the leaf discharging device is provided with the leaf discharging port.
The sugarcane enters the channel assembly, and then enters the front-end conveying device under the action of the feeding roller, and further enters the leaf peeling device and the leaf discharging device, and finally is discharged out of the channel assembly through the rear-end conveying device.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a sugar cane combine harvester provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a channel assembly of the sugarcane combine harvester in the embodiment of the invention.
Wherein,
the device comprises a tip cutting device 1, a sugarcane supporting device 2, a cab 3, a front travelling wheel 4, a main frame 5, an engine 6, a sugarcane cutting device 7, a channel assembly 8, an impurity removing device 9, a rear travelling wheel 10, a hydraulic oil tank and a fuel oil tank 11, a rear collector 12, a pressing-in roller 13, a feeding roller 14, an oil cylinder 15, a lower conveying roller 16, a stripping roller 17, a leaf discharging roller 18 and a first upper floating roller 19.
Detailed Description
One of the core points of the invention is to provide a channel assembly of the whole-rod type sugarcane combine harvester, so that sugarcane can be effectively prevented from being broken in the channel assembly while the sugarcane leaf peeling rate is ensured.
Another core of the invention is to provide a whole-stalk sugarcane combine harvester with the channel assembly.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a sugar cane combine harvester provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a channel assembly of the sugar cane combine harvester provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
The channel assembly of the whole-rod type sugarcane combine harvester provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a channel shell, a press-in roller 13, a feeding roller 14, a front-end conveying device, a rear-end conveying device, a leaf peeling device and a leaf discharging device, wherein the press-in roller 13 is arranged at the front end of the channel shell and mainly used for pressing sugarcane to be inclined so that the sugarcane cutting device 7 can cut the roots of the sugarcane, the feeding roller 14 is arranged behind the press-in roller 13 and used for feeding the sugarcane into the channel shell, as shown in figure 1, the roots of the sugarcane cut by the sugarcane cutting device 7 firstly enter the channel shell, the whole sugarcane is fed into the front-end conveying device from the lower part of the press-in roller 13 and the feeding roller 14, the front-end conveying device is used for continuously conveying the sugarcane in the channel shell backwards, and the sugarcane enters the leaf peeling device under the action of the front-end conveying device, in this embodiment, shell the leaf device and be provided with the multistage, and the rear portion that shells the leaf device of each grade all is provided with the row leaf device rather than corresponding, row leaf mouth has been seted up with the position that row leaf device corresponds to the passageway casing, the sugarcane that enters into shell the leaf device will carry out the one-level at first and shell the leaf, then carry out the one-level and arrange the leaf, carry out the second grade in the in-process of backward conveying and shell the leaf, then carry out the second grade and arrange the leaf, all shell the leaf device and arrange the leaf device until the sugarcane has walked away, the sugarcane will reach rear end conveyor, the sugarcane will be exported the passageway casing under rear end conveyor's transport effect.
Compared with the prior art, the multi-stage leaf peeling device is arranged in the channel assembly disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, and the leaf peeling device and the leaf discharging device are alternately arranged, so that the sugarcane leaves peeled by the leaf peeling device can be timely discharged out of the channel shell by the leaf discharging device and scattered underground, and the sugarcane leaves are returned to the field; meanwhile, the multi-stage leaf peeling device and the leaf discharging device are alternately arranged, so that a sugarcane can be peeled for many times from the inlet channel shell to the outlet channel shell, the peeling rate of the sugarcane leaves can be effectively guaranteed, and compared with a channel assembly of only one-stage leaf peeling device, the multi-stage leaf peeling device and the leaf discharging device can effectively decompose the pressure of the single-stage leaf peeling device and the leaf discharging device, the sugarcane damage and the breakage caused by overlarge pressure are avoided, the phenomenon that the sugarcane blocks the channel assembly and drops in a field is avoided, and the loss rate of the sugarcane is effectively reduced while the sugarcane harvesting efficiency is effectively improved.
As is well known to those skilled in the art, the front end conveying device and the rear end conveying device for conveying the sugar cane can be realized by various mechanisms, and in the embodiment, a specific implementation form of the front end conveying device and the rear end conveying device is disclosed, specifically, the front end conveying device and the rear end conveying device are both composed of upper conveying rollers and lower conveying rollers 16 which are oppositely arranged and rotate oppositely, as shown in fig. 2, and in order to adapt to the change of the diameter of the sugar cane, the upper conveying rollers are floating rollers so as to be capable of moving up and down according to the change of the diameter of the sugar cane.
The upper conveying roller and the lower conveying roller 16 are both powered driving rollers, and in general, the rotation of the upper conveying roller and the lower conveying roller 16 is realized by driving of a hydraulic motor.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that two, three or even more stages of leaf stripping means may be provided between the front end conveyor and the rear end conveyor, however, as the number of stages of leaf-peeling devices increases, the total length of the channel housing also increases, which results in the sugarcane remaining in the channel for too long a time, which on the one hand affects the harvesting efficiency, and on the other hand may cause the channel to be blocked, therefore, in the channel assembly disclosed in the embodiment, two stages of leaf peeling devices are arranged between the front end conveying device and the rear end conveying device, namely a first stage leaf peeling device and a second stage leaf peeling device respectively, and a first stage leaf discharging device is arranged between the first stage leaf peeling device and the second stage leaf peeling device, a secondary leaf stripping and arranging device is arranged between the secondary leaf stripping device and the rear-end conveying device, so that a secondary leaf stripping and arranging structure of the leaf stripping device, the leaf arranging device, the leaf stripping device and the leaf arranging device is formed.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the leaf peeling device includes an upper first floating roller and a leaf peeling roller 17 disposed below the upper first floating roller, and the leaf peeling roller 17 includes a leaf peeling roller body and leaf peeling rubber plates uniformly disposed along the circumferential direction of the leaf peeling roller body; the leaf discharging device is similar to the leaf peeling device in structure, the leaf discharging device comprises an upper second floating roller and a leaf discharging roller 18 arranged below the upper second floating roller, the leaf discharging roller 18 comprises a leaf discharging roller body and leaf discharging rubber plates uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the leaf discharging roller body, the rotating direction of the leaf peeling roller body is the same as the moving direction of the sugarcane, and the rotating direction of the leaf discharging roller body is opposite to that of the leaf peeling roller body, as shown by an arrow in fig. 2, so that the leaf discharging roller 18 can resist the conveying speed of the sugarcane to facilitate leaf peeling of the leaf peeling device on one hand and discharge the sugarcane leaves underground in time on the other hand; the leaf peeling device and the leaf discharging device are both driven by a hydraulic motor, and the rotating speed of the leaf peeling device is 900-1300 r/min and the rotating speed of the leaf discharging device is 500-800 r/min by adjusting the discharge capacity of the motor according to different sugarcane varieties. The leaf peeling roller body and the leaf discharging roller body are made of metal, and the leaf peeling rubber plate and the leaf discharging rubber plate are respectively connected with the leaf peeling roller body and the leaf discharging roller body through screws.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a whole-stalk sugarcane combine harvester which comprises a main body frame 5, a sugarcane supporting device 2, a channel assembly 8 and a rear collector 12, wherein the channel assembly 8 in the whole-stalk sugarcane combine harvester is the channel assembly disclosed in any one of the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a cab 3 is arranged on a main body frame 5, front traveling wheels 4 and rear traveling wheels 10 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the main body frame 5, an engine 6 is fixedly arranged on the main body frame 5, a hydraulic oil tank and a fuel oil tank 11 are further arranged on the main body frame 5, a sugarcane cutting device 7 is arranged below the main body frame 5 and close to the front end of the channel shell, the sugarcane cutting device 7 is composed of a sugarcane cutting cutter disc connected to the lower portion of the main body frame 5, a sugarcane cutting cutter disc synchronous driving device and the like, and a rear collector 12 is arranged at the rear portion of the main body frame 5 so as to conveniently contain harvested sugarcane. In order to prevent the sugarcane in the rear collector 12 from blocking the sugarcane outlet, the rear collector 12 in the embodiment is hinged with the main body frame 5, an oil cylinder 15 for enabling the rear collector to turn forwards is further arranged between the rear collector 12 and the main body frame 5, and after the sugarcane in the rear collector 12 blocks the sugarcane outlet, the oil cylinder 15 can drive the rear collector 12 to turn forwards appropriately, so that the sugarcane in the rear collector 12 moves, and the sugarcane outlet is kept smooth; meanwhile, the rear overhang length of the sugarcane combine harvester can be effectively shortened after the rear collector 12 is turned forwards, so that peripheral sugarcanes are prevented from being hung up when the sugarcane is turned around.
In the whole-rod type sugarcane combine harvester disclosed in the embodiment of the invention, the sugarcane supporting devices 2 are arranged at the front end of the main body frame 5 and are positioned at two sides of the main body frame 5, as shown in fig. 1, the sugarcane supporting devices 2 are spiral cylinders which rotate oppositely, when the spiral cylinders rotate, the lodging sugarcane can be supported along the spiral on the surface of the sugarcane, and in order to further optimize the scheme, the spiral cylinders are also connected with the main body frame 5 through lifting devices, so that the lifting of the sugarcane supporting devices 2 at two sides is realized according to different terrains.
In the embodiment of the invention, the front end of the main frame 5 of the whole-rod sugarcane combine harvester is also provided with a tip cutting device 1 for cutting the tip of the top end of the sugarcane, as shown in fig. 1, a cutter head of the tip cutting device 1 is connected with the main frame 5 through a parallel four-bar linkage support, and a height adjusting oil cylinder for adjusting the height of the cutter head is also arranged between the parallel four-bar linkage support and the main frame 5.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme in the above embodiment, the whole-stalk sugarcane combine harvester in the embodiment further includes an impurity removal device 9 disposed at the end of the channel housing, as shown in fig. 1, the impurity removal device 9 includes an air duct provided with an impurity outlet and a sugarcane outlet, and a fan blade mounted in the air duct, and the rear collector 12 is disposed below the sugarcane outlet of the impurity removal device.
The impurity removing device 9 can blow off crushed leaves, soil and the like carried by the sugarcane, so that the cleanness of the sugarcane is effectively guaranteed.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.