CH336842A - Electrolyte-resistant aqueous dispersion and process for their preparation - Google Patents
Electrolyte-resistant aqueous dispersion and process for their preparationInfo
- Publication number
- CH336842A CH336842A CH336842DA CH336842A CH 336842 A CH336842 A CH 336842A CH 336842D A CH336842D A CH 336842DA CH 336842 A CH336842 A CH 336842A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- condensation product
- aqueous dispersion
- added
- dispersant
- molecular weight
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003857 carboxamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- RSPCKAHMRANGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiohydroxylamine Chemical compound SN RSPCKAHMRANGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 sulfonamide radical Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940068917 polyethylene glycols Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trioxane Chemical group C1OCOCO1 BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CNC1CCCCC1 XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonaldehyde Chemical compound C\C=C\C=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N crotonaldehyde Natural products CC=CC=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTXVGVNLYGSIAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCS VTXVGVNLYGSIAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004010 onium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/017—Mixtures of compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
- C08L91/06—Waxes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/14—Derivatives of phosphoric acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/42—Ethers, e.g. polyglycol ethers of alcohols or phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C9/00—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes
- C14C9/02—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes using fatty or oily materials, e.g. fat liquoring
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Elektrolytbeständige wässrige Dispersion und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine gegen den Einfluss von Elektrolyten beständige wässrige Dispersion und ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung.
Die Dispersion ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ausser dem Dispersionsmittel und dem Dispersum als Dispergator mindestens ein Kondensationsprodukt enthält, das einerseits einen durch Entfernung eines Wasserstoffatoms in der funktionellen Gruppe entstandenen, mindestens 6 Kohlenstoffatome enthaltenden, aliphatischen, cycloaliphatischen, aliphatischcycloaliphatischen oder aliphatisch-aromatischen Carbonsäuren-, Alkohol-, Mercapto-, Amin-, Carbonsäureamid- oder Sulfonamidrest und anderseits einen Polyalkylenoxydrest enthält, welche zwei Reste über eine gegebenenfalls substituierte Methylengruppe miteinander verbunden sind.
Das Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen elektrolytbeständigen Dispersion ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man einer Dispersion als Dispergator mindestens ein Kondensationsprodukt der genannten Art zusetzt.
Dispergatoren der genannten Art sind insbesondere solche, deren Polyalkylenoxydrest von Poly äthylenglykolen mit einem Molekulargewicht von etwa 500 bis 10 000 abgeleitet ist, jedoch kommen auch Reste von Polyäthylenglykolen mit höheren oder niedrigeren Molekulargewichten in Frage. Es kommen auch Reste von entsprechenden Polymerisationsprodukten anderer Alkylenoxyde, wie beispielsweise Propylenoxyd, Epichlorhydrin und dergleichen, in Betracht.
Die gegebenenfalls substituierte Methylengruppe, welche das Brückenglied zwischen den beiden genannten Resten des Kondensationsproduktes bildet, lässt sich bei der Herstellung der Dispergatoren unter Verwendung von Oxoverbindungen einbauen.
Als solche Oxoverbindungen seien in erster Linie Formaldehyd und Formaldehyd abgebende Verbindungen, wie Paraformaldehyd, Trioxymethylen, Hexamethylentetramin, Methylal usw., daneben Acetaldehyd, Crotonaldehyd, Benzaldehyd, Aceton, Acetophenon, Cyclohexanon und dergleichen, genannt.
Als mindestens 6 Kohlenstoffatome enthaltende aliphatische, cycloaliphatische, aliphatisch-cycloali- phatische oder aliphatisch-aromatische Reste der genannten Art in den Kondensationsprodukten eignen sich in erster Linie diejenigen, welche von höhermolekularen Alkoholen, Alkylphenolen, Mercaptanen und Aminen, ferner höhermolekularen Carbonsäuren oder deren funktionellen Derivaten, Carbonsäureamiden und Sulfonsäureamiden abgeleitet sind. Sie können Substituenten enthalten und durch Sauerstoff, Schwefel oder Stickstoff bzw. durch sich davon ableitende Heteroatomgruppen unterbrochen sein.
Derartige Reste können beispielsweise von folgenden Verbindungen abgeleitet sein: Hexylalkohol, Octylalkohol, Decylmercaptan, Dodecylamin, Cyclohexylalkohol, Methylcyclohexylamin, Naphthenalkohole, Benzylalkohol, ar-Tetralol, ein Vorlauffettsäuregemisch C7-C9, Naphthensäuren, ÖIsäuren, Laurinsäureamid, Alkylbenzolsulfonsäureamide (Alkylreste C3-C18) usw. Diese Verbindungen werden im folgenden der Einfachheit halber Fettkomponente genannten
Die Mengenverhältnisse, in denen die vorgenannten Ausgangskomponenten zur Herstellung der verwendeten Dispergatoren angewendet werden können, sind abhängig von der Art des gewünschten Kondensationsproduktes. Man kann auf ein Mol Polyalkylenoxyd zwei Mol Oxoverbindungen und zwei Mol Fettkomponente zur Einwirkung bringen.
Man kann das Einsatzverhältnis jedoch auch so wählen, dass eine grössere Menge Oxoverbindungen angewendet wird, um damit mehrere Mole Polyalkylenoxyd zu verknüpfen, also beispielsweise das Verhältnis von zwei Polyalkylenoxyd zu drei Mol Oxoverbindungen zu zwei Mol Fettkomponente. In diesem Sinne ist das Mengenverhältnis beliebig variierbar, je nachdem man einen oder mehrere Polyalkylenoxydreste in das Kondensationsprodukt einführen will. Besonders wirksam als Dispergatoren sind Kondensationsprodukte mit einem Molgewicht grösser als 2000.
Man arbeitet bei der Herstellung der Dispergatoren in der Regel in der Weise, dass man die gesamten Ausgangskomponenten in Gegenwart von sauren Katalysatoren, wie z. B. FeCI3 oder AlCl3 in einem indifferenten Lösungsmittel, wie z. B. Toluol oder Xylol, unter Entfernung des gebildeten Reaktionswassers kondensiert. Man kann jedoch zunächst auch eine Teilkondensation zwischen den Polyalkylenoxyden und der Fettkomponente vornehmen und anschliessend mit den Oxoverbindungen - und eventuell einer weiteren Menge Polyalkylenoxyden und der Fettkomponente - weiterkondensieren.
Die Herstellung des Teilkondensates zwischen den Polyalkylenoxyden und der Fettkomponente kann beispielsweise im Fall des Polyäthylenoxydes in der Art erfolgen, dass man an die Fettkomponenten Athylen- oxyd anlagert, bis das gewünschte Molekulargewicht von wenigstens etwa 1500 erreicht ist.
Als dispergierbare flüssige oder feste Stoffe sind in erster Linie mineralische, tierische, pflanzliche oder synthetische Öle, Fette oder Wachse zu nennen, natürliche oder synthetische Harzöle oder Harze, natürlicher oder synthetischer Kautschuk. Eiweissstoffe, synthetische hochpolymere Verbindungen, wie Polyvinylverbindungen, Polyester, Polyamide und dergleichen, ferner anorganische oder organische Pigmentstoffe, wie Farbpigmente, Mattierungsmittel, Beschwerungsmittel, Füllmittel, Salze, sowie feste, pulverförmige Stoffe aller Art.
Man kann die erfindungsgemäss verwendeten Dispergiermittel auch in Verbindung mit andern Dispergier- oder Emulgiermitteln anwenden, wie man sie bisher für diese Zwecke gebraucht hat, also z. B. anionaktive Dispergiermittel, wie Alkylsulfate, Alkylsulfonate oder Alkylbenzolsulfonate, sulfonierte Öle und Fette bzw. Fettsäureester, organische Di sulfon- bzw. Sulfoncarbonimide, Seifen und dergleichen, kationaktive Dispergiermittel, wie die bekannten quaternären Ammoniumverbindungen bzw. analog aufgebaute Oniumverbindungen, die sich von Phosphor oder Schwefel ableiten, nichtionogene Dispergatoren, wie die bekannten 3ithylenoxydanla- gerungsprodukte an höhermolekulare Alkohole und dergleichen.
Beispiele
1. In 53 Gewichtsteilen Wasser werden 2 Gewichtsteile eines Natriumalkylsulfatgemisches (Alkylreste C12-C10) und 5 Gewichtsteile eines aus Stearylalkohol, Paraformaldehyd und Polyäthylenoxyd (Molgewicht 9000) in den Molverhältnissen 2 : 2 : 1 hergestellten Produktes warm gelöst. In die viskose Lösung werden unter intensivem Rühren 40 Gewichtsteile filtriertes Spermöl eingerührt. Man erhält eine dickflüssige, praktisch unbegrenzt haltbare Emulsion. Die Emulsion kann in Wasser oder Salzlösungen, z. B. Kochsalz-, Magnesiumsulfat-, Schwefelsäure-, Essigsäurelösungen, verdünnt werden, ohne dass Zerfall eintritt.
2. In 53 Gewichtsteilen Wasser werden 2 Gewichtsteile des Anlagerungsproduktes aus 1 Mol Oleylalkohol und 12 Mol Äthylenoxyd und 5 Teile eines aus Oleylalkohol, Paraformaldehyd und Polyäthylenoxyd (Molgewicht 4000) in den Molverhältnissen 2 : 3 : 2 hergestellten Produktes gelöst und darin 40 Gewichtsteile Paraffinöl emulgiert. Man erhält eine dickflüssige Emulsion, die gegen Elektrolyte weitgehend beständig ist.
3. In 47,5 Gewichtsteilen Wasser werden 15 Gewichtsteile eines aus Stearylalkohol, Paraformaldehyd und Polyäthylenoxyd (Molgewicht 7500) in den Molverhältnissen 2 : 2 : 1 hergestellten Produktes gelöst. In diese Lösung werden zunächst 28 Gewichtsteile Chlorparaffin und 2,5 Gewichtsteile Decahydronaphthalin eingerührt und dann nach 7,0 Gewichtsteile feinst pulverisiertes Chromoxyd. Man erhält eine salzbeständige Suspension.
4. 5 Gewichtsteile eines aus einem Polyäthylenoxydwachs (Molgewicht 9300), Paraformaldehyd und Stearinsäureamid in den Molverhältnissen 1 : 2 : 2 hergestellten Produktes werden in 95 Ge- wichtsteilen eines mit Ammoniak neutralisierten Spermölsulfonates (Gesamtfettgehalt etwa 750/0) gelöst. Beim Verdünnen dieses Gemisches mit Wasser werden Emulsionen erhalten, wie sie zum Fettlickern von Leder verwendet werden. Vor den üblicherweise verwendeten Emulsionen zeichnen die aus dem beschriebenen Gemisch hergestellten sich durch eine besonders hohe Elektrolytbeständigkeit aus. Sie können z. B. für eine kombinierte Chromgerbung und Fettung von Häuten und Fellen Verwendung finden.
Electrolyte-resistant aqueous dispersion and process for their preparation
The present invention relates to an aqueous dispersion which is resistant to the influence of electrolytes and to a method for its production.
The dispersion is characterized in that, in addition to the dispersant and the dispersum, it contains at least one condensation product as a dispersant which, on the one hand, contains an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aliphatic-cycloaliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic carboxylic acid formed by removing a hydrogen atom in the functional group and containing at least 6 carbon atoms. , Alcohol, mercapto, amine, carboxamide or sulfonamide radical and, on the other hand, a polyalkylene oxide radical, which two radicals are connected to one another via an optionally substituted methylene group.
The process for producing such an electrolyte-resistant dispersion is characterized in that at least one condensation product of the type mentioned is added to a dispersion as a dispersant.
Dispersants of the type mentioned are especially those whose polyalkylene oxide radical is derived from poly ethylene glycols with a molecular weight of about 500 to 10,000, but residues of polyethylene glycols with higher or lower molecular weights are also possible. There are also residues of corresponding polymerization products of other alkylene oxides, such as propylene oxide, epichlorohydrin and the like, into consideration.
The optionally substituted methylene group which forms the bridge between the two mentioned residues of the condensation product can be incorporated in the preparation of the dispersants using oxo compounds.
Such oxo compounds are primarily formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing compounds, such as paraformaldehyde, trioxymethylene, hexamethylenetetramine, methylal, etc., as well as acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, benzaldehyde, acetone, acetophenone, cyclohexanone and the like.
Suitable as aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aliphatic-cycloaliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic radicals of the type mentioned in the condensation products containing at least 6 carbon atoms are primarily those which are derived from higher molecular weight alcohols, alkylphenols, mercaptans and amines, and also higher molecular weight carboxylic acids or their functional derivatives , Carboxamides and sulfonamides are derived. They can contain substituents and be interrupted by oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen or by heteroatom groups derived therefrom.
Such radicals can be derived, for example, from the following compounds: hexyl alcohol, octyl alcohol, decyl mercaptan, dodecylamine, cyclohexyl alcohol, methylcyclohexylamine, naphthenic alcohols, benzyl alcohol, ar-tetralol, a precursor fatty acid mixture C7-C9, naphthenic acid, C18-C8-alkyl, lauric acid For the sake of simplicity, these compounds are referred to below as fat components
The proportions in which the abovementioned starting components can be used to produce the dispersants used depend on the type of condensation product desired. Two moles of oxo compounds and two moles of fat component can be brought into action for one mole of polyalkylene oxide.
However, the use ratio can also be chosen so that a larger amount of oxo compounds is used in order to link several moles of polyalkylene oxide, for example the ratio of two polyalkylene oxide to three moles of oxo compounds to two moles of fat component. In this sense, the quantitative ratio can be varied as desired, depending on whether one or more polyalkylene oxide radicals are to be introduced into the condensation product. Condensation products with a molecular weight greater than 2000 are particularly effective as dispersants.
The production of the dispersants is generally carried out in such a way that all of the starting components are used in the presence of acidic catalysts, such as. B. FeCl3 or AlCl3 in an inert solvent, such as. B. toluene or xylene, condensed with removal of the water of reaction formed. However, it is also possible first of all to carry out a partial condensation between the polyalkylene oxides and the fatty component and then to condense further with the oxo compounds and possibly a further amount of polyalkylene oxides and the fatty component.
In the case of polyethylene oxide, for example, the partial condensate between the polyalkylene oxides and the fatty component can be produced by adding ethylene oxide to the fatty components until the desired molecular weight of at least about 1500 is reached.
Dispersible liquid or solid substances are primarily mineral, animal, vegetable or synthetic oils, fats or waxes, natural or synthetic resin oils or resins, natural or synthetic rubber. Proteins, synthetic high-polymer compounds such as polyvinyl compounds, polyesters, polyamides and the like, as well as inorganic or organic pigments such as color pigments, matting agents, weighting agents, fillers, salts, and solid, powdery substances of all kinds.
The dispersants used according to the invention can also be used in conjunction with other dispersants or emulsifiers as they have hitherto been used for these purposes, ie z. B. anionic dispersants such as alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates or alkylbenzenesulfonates, sulfonated oils and fats or fatty acid esters, organic sulfonic or sulfonic carbonimides, soaps and the like, cationic dispersants such as the known quaternary ammonium compounds or analogous onium compounds that are derived from phosphorus or derive sulfur, non-ionic dispersants, such as the known 3-ethylene oxide addition products to higher molecular weight alcohols and the like.
Examples
1. In 53 parts by weight of water, 2 parts by weight of a sodium alkyl sulfate mixture (alkyl radicals C12-C10) and 5 parts by weight of a product made from stearyl alcohol, paraformaldehyde and polyethylene oxide (molecular weight 9,000) in a molar ratio of 2: 2: 1 are dissolved warm. 40 parts by weight of filtered sperm oil are stirred into the viscous solution with vigorous stirring. The result is a thick, practically indefinitely stable emulsion. The emulsion can be in water or salt solutions, e.g. B. sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate, sulfuric acid, acetic acid solutions can be diluted without decomposition.
2. 2 parts by weight of the adduct of 1 mole of oleyl alcohol and 12 moles of ethylene oxide and 5 parts of a product made from oleyl alcohol, paraformaldehyde and polyethylene oxide (molecular weight 4000) in a molar ratio of 2: 3: 2 are dissolved in 53 parts by weight of water and 40 parts by weight of paraffin oil are emulsified in it . A thick emulsion is obtained that is largely resistant to electrolytes.
3. 15 parts by weight of a product prepared from stearyl alcohol, paraformaldehyde and polyethylene oxide (molecular weight 7500) in a molar ratio of 2: 2: 1 are dissolved in 47.5 parts by weight of water. First 28 parts by weight of chlorinated paraffin and 2.5 parts by weight of decahydronaphthalene are stirred into this solution, and then after 7.0 parts by weight of finely powdered chromium oxide. A salt-resistant suspension is obtained.
4. 5 parts by weight of a product made from a polyethylene oxide wax (molecular weight 9300), paraformaldehyde and stearic acid amide in a molar ratio of 1: 2: 2 are dissolved in 95 parts by weight of an ammonia-neutralized sperm oil sulfonate (total fat content about 750/0). When this mixture is diluted with water, emulsions such as those used for fatliquoring leather are obtained. Before the emulsions usually used, those produced from the mixture described are distinguished by a particularly high resistance to electrolytes. You can e.g. B. for a combined chrome tanning and fatliquoring of hides and pelts use.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB28300A DE1038562B (en) | 1953-11-09 | 1953-11-09 | Dispersing agent for liquid and solid substances in aqueous media |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH336842A true CH336842A (en) | 1959-03-15 |
Family
ID=6962615
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH336842D CH336842A (en) | 1953-11-09 | 1954-11-08 | Electrolyte-resistant aqueous dispersion and process for their preparation |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH336842A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1038562B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1111923A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB766177A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL99200C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE755045A (en) * | 1969-09-10 | 1971-02-19 | Mobil Oil Corp | NEW WAX EMULSIONS AND THEIR USE AS BINDERS IN THE MANUFACTURING OF MOLDED ARTICLES |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU28955A1 (en) * | ||||
| DE667744C (en) * | 1930-11-30 | 1938-11-19 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Process for the preparation of condensation products which are soluble or easily dispersible in water |
| FR960045A (en) * | 1945-12-03 | 1950-04-12 |
-
1953
- 1953-11-09 DE DEB28300A patent/DE1038562B/en active Pending
-
1954
- 1954-11-05 NL NL192136A patent/NL99200C/en active
- 1954-11-08 GB GB32196/54A patent/GB766177A/en not_active Expired
- 1954-11-08 CH CH336842D patent/CH336842A/en unknown
- 1954-11-09 FR FR1111923D patent/FR1111923A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB766177A (en) | 1957-01-16 |
| NL99200C (en) | 1961-10-16 |
| FR1111923A (en) | 1956-03-06 |
| DE1038562B (en) | 1958-09-11 |
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