[go: up one dir, main page]

BR9408512A - Copolímeros biodegradáveis e artigos plásticos que contêm copolímeros biodegradáveis - Google Patents

Copolímeros biodegradáveis e artigos plásticos que contêm copolímeros biodegradáveis

Info

Publication number
BR9408512A
BR9408512A BR9408512A BR9408512A BR9408512A BR 9408512 A BR9408512 A BR 9408512A BR 9408512 A BR9408512 A BR 9408512A BR 9408512 A BR9408512 A BR 9408512A BR 9408512 A BR9408512 A BR 9408512A
Authority
BR
Brazil
Prior art keywords
biodegradable copolymers
plastic articles
articles containing
copolymers
biodegradable
Prior art date
Application number
BR9408512A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Isao Noda
Original Assignee
Procter & Gamble
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=26883604&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=BR9408512(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Procter & Gamble filed Critical Procter & Gamble
Publication of BR9408512A publication Critical patent/BR9408512A/pt

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/22Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
    • A61L15/26Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L15/62Compostable, hydrosoluble or hydrodegradable materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/06Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
    • C08G63/08Lactones or lactides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/04Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J167/00Adhesives based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J167/04Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/04Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D01F6/625Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters derived from hydroxy-carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
BR9408512A 1994-01-28 1994-11-15 Copolímeros biodegradáveis e artigos plásticos que contêm copolímeros biodegradáveis BR9408512A (pt)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18796994A 1994-01-28 1994-01-28
US30634994A 1994-09-15 1994-09-15
PCT/US1994/013172 WO1995020614A1 (en) 1994-01-28 1994-11-15 Biodegradable copolymers and plastic articles comprising biodegradable copolymers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
BR9408512A true BR9408512A (pt) 1997-03-04

Family

ID=26883604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
BR9408512A BR9408512A (pt) 1994-01-28 1994-11-15 Copolímeros biodegradáveis e artigos plásticos que contêm copolímeros biodegradáveis

Country Status (22)

Country Link
US (3) US5498692A (pt)
EP (1) EP0739368B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP4126341B2 (pt)
KR (1) KR100342902B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN1097603C (pt)
AU (1) AU1056895A (pt)
BR (1) BR9408512A (pt)
CA (1) CA2181791C (pt)
CZ (1) CZ219296A3 (pt)
DE (1) DE69432189T2 (pt)
ES (1) ES2188648T3 (pt)
FI (1) FI962997A0 (pt)
HU (1) HU218160B (pt)
ID (1) ID23491A (pt)
NO (1) NO963104L (pt)
NZ (1) NZ276325A (pt)
PL (1) PL178568B1 (pt)
RU (1) RU2137784C1 (pt)
SG (1) SG49114A1 (pt)
SK (1) SK97096A3 (pt)
TW (1) TW383316B (pt)
WO (1) WO1995020614A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (184)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994008078A1 (en) * 1992-10-02 1994-04-14 Cargill, Incorporated A melt-stable lactide polymer fabric and process for manufacture thereof
US5685756A (en) * 1994-01-28 1997-11-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Nonwoven materials comprising biodegradable copolymers
SG49096A1 (en) * 1994-01-28 1998-05-18 Procter & Gamble Biodegradable 3-polyhydtoxybuyrate/3- polyhydroxyhexanoate copolymer films
WO1996005264A1 (en) * 1994-08-12 1996-02-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company POLY(β-HYDROXYORGANOATE) PRESSURE SENSITIVE ADHESIVE COMPOSITIONS
US5942597A (en) * 1995-08-21 1999-08-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Solvent extraction of polyhydroxyalkanoates from biomass
US6297326B1 (en) 1996-10-18 2001-10-02 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Grafted polyolefin compositions
US6107405A (en) * 1996-10-18 2000-08-22 Kimberly Clark Corporation Method of making grafted polyolefin compositions
US5916969A (en) * 1996-11-22 1999-06-29 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Article and composition of matter made from polyolefins and PEO blend and method of making the same
US5700872A (en) * 1996-12-31 1997-12-23 Kimberly Clark Worlwide, Inc. Process for making blends of polyolefin and poly(ethylene oxide)
US6255386B1 (en) 1996-12-31 2001-07-03 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Blends of polyolefin and poly(ethylene oxide) and process for making the blends
US6111014A (en) * 1996-12-31 2000-08-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Film of monomer-grafted polyolefin and poly(ethylene oxide)
US6153700A (en) * 1996-12-31 2000-11-28 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Water-degradable flushable film of polyolefin and poly(ethylene oxide) and personal care article therewith
US6100330A (en) * 1996-12-31 2000-08-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Water-degradable film of monomer grafted to polyolefin and poly(ethylene oxide)
US6063866A (en) * 1996-12-31 2000-05-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Blends of polyolefin and poly(ethylene oxide) and process for making the blends
US5912076A (en) 1996-12-31 1999-06-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Blends of polyethylene and peo having inverse phase morphology and method of making the blends
US6867248B1 (en) 1997-05-12 2005-03-15 Metabolix, Inc. Polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions having controlled degradation rates
US6610764B1 (en) 1997-05-12 2003-08-26 Metabolix, Inc. Polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions having controlled degradation rates
AU740068B2 (en) 1997-07-22 2001-10-25 Metabolix, Inc. Polyhydroxyalkanoate molding compositions
US6828357B1 (en) 1997-07-31 2004-12-07 Metabolix, Inc. Polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions having controlled degradation rates
US20040053999A1 (en) * 1997-09-17 2004-03-18 Bischofberger Norbert W. Novel compounds and methods for synthesis and therapy
WO1999014313A2 (en) 1997-09-19 1999-03-25 Metabolix, Inc. Biological systems for manufacture of polyhydroxylalkanoate polymers containing 4-hydroxyacids
NL1007091C2 (nl) * 1997-09-22 1999-03-23 Johannes Cornelis Jonker Houder voorzien van een sluitmiddel uit een biologisch afbreekbaar materiaal en een sluitmiddel hiervoor.
US5976694A (en) 1997-10-03 1999-11-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Water-sensitive compositions for improved processability
US6127512A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-10-03 Monsanto Company Plasticized polyhydroxyalkanoate compositions and methods for their use in the production of shaped polymeric articles
ES2356350T3 (es) 1997-12-22 2011-04-07 Metabolix, Inc. Composiciones polihidroxialcanoato que tienen tasas de degradación controladas.
US6372850B2 (en) 1997-12-31 2002-04-16 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Melt processable poly (ethylene oxide) fibers
US6117947A (en) * 1997-12-31 2000-09-12 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of modifying poly(ethylene oxide)
EP1045642B1 (en) 1998-01-07 2002-11-06 Metabolix, Inc. Animal nutrition compositions
AU2110199A (en) 1998-01-09 1999-07-26 Metabolix, Inc. Polymer compositions providing low residue levels and methods of use thereof
US7455999B2 (en) 1998-01-22 2008-11-25 Metabolix, Inc. Transgenic systems for the manufacture of poly (3-hydroxy-butyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate)
WO1999039588A1 (en) * 1998-02-09 1999-08-12 Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company Environmentally friendly chewing gum bases including polyhydroxyalkanoates
US6586658B1 (en) 1998-03-06 2003-07-01 Metabolix, Inc. Modification of fatty acid metabolism in plants
US6350518B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2002-02-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Methods of making blend compositions of an unmodified poly vinyl alcohol and a thermoplastic elastomer
US6160199A (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-12-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles comprising biodegradable PHA copolymers
ES2259245T3 (es) * 1998-12-21 2006-09-16 THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY Articulos de plastico que comprenden copolimeros pha biodegradables.
US6174990B1 (en) * 1998-12-21 2001-01-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Films comprising biodegradable PHA copolymers
US6077931A (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-06-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Biodegradable PHA copolymers
KR20010099995A (ko) * 1998-12-29 2001-11-09 로날드 디. 맥크레이 열-활성화 접착제
US6514515B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2003-02-04 Tepha, Inc. Bioabsorbable, biocompatible polymers for tissue engineering
ES2395057T3 (es) 1999-03-25 2013-02-07 Metabolix, Inc. Dispositivos y aplicaciones médicas de polímeros polihidroxialcanoato
JP3748019B2 (ja) * 1999-09-16 2006-02-22 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 水解性の吸収性物品およびその製造方法
US6726386B1 (en) 1999-10-08 2004-04-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Semi-enclosed applicator and a cleaning composition contained therein
US7255506B2 (en) 2000-06-02 2007-08-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Semi-enclosed applicator for distributing a substance onto a target surface
US6669387B2 (en) 1999-10-08 2003-12-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Distributing substance onto a target surface
US7108440B1 (en) 1999-10-08 2006-09-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Applicator for distributing a substance onto a target surface
US6794023B1 (en) 1999-10-28 2004-09-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Polymer products comprising soft and elastic biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer compositions and methods of preparing such polymer products
WO2001030893A1 (en) * 1999-10-28 2001-05-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods for preparing soft and elastic biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer compositions and polymer products comprising such compositions
US6821612B1 (en) 1999-10-28 2004-11-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods for preparing soft and elastic biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer compositions and polymer products comprising such compositions
BR0015092A (pt) * 1999-10-28 2002-07-16 Procter & Gamble Produtos de polìmero compreendendo composições de copolìmero de polihidróxialcanoato biodegradáveis elásticas e macias e métodos para preparação de tais produtos de polìmeros
US6576576B1 (en) 1999-12-29 2003-06-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Multicomponent fibers
CA2393471C (en) * 1999-12-30 2008-09-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Biodegradable plastic food service items
US6610793B1 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-08-26 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Modified poly(ethylene oxide), method of making same and articles using same
US6790519B1 (en) 2000-05-26 2004-09-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Moisture-induced poly(ethylene oxide) gel, method of making same and articles using same
AU6977901A (en) * 2000-06-09 2001-12-17 Procter & Gamble Biodegradable coated substrates
US6903053B2 (en) 2000-06-09 2005-06-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Agricultural items and agricultural methods comprising biodegradable copolymers
EP1298992A2 (en) * 2000-06-09 2003-04-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Agricultural items and methods comprising biodegradable copolymers
CN1444616A (zh) 2000-06-09 2003-09-24 宝洁公司 减少胶乳暴露的方法和制品
US20020013255A1 (en) * 2000-07-06 2002-01-31 The Procter & Gamble Co. Anaerobically biodegradable perfume delivery system
AU2001276905A1 (en) 2000-07-14 2002-01-30 Metabolix, Inc. Polyurethanes obtained from hydroxyalkanoates and isocyanates
WO2002016284A2 (en) 2000-08-23 2002-02-28 Metabolix, Inc. Low molecular weight polyhydroxyalkanoate molding compositions
ATE313599T1 (de) * 2000-10-06 2006-01-15 Procter & Gamble Kunststoffgegenstände aus bioabbaubarem polyester mischzusammensetzungen
ES2220816T3 (es) * 2000-10-06 2004-12-16 THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY Articulos absorbentes que comprenden composiciones de mezcla de poliesteres biodegradables.
US7265188B2 (en) * 2000-10-06 2007-09-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Biodegradable polyester blend compositions and methods of making the same
US20030217648A1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2003-11-27 Isao Noda Biodergradable plastic food service items
KR100545524B1 (ko) * 2000-12-21 2006-01-24 더 프록터 앤드 갬블 캄파니 개선된 결정화 성질을 갖는 생분해성폴리히드록시알카노에이트 공중합체의 제조방법
CA2428507C (en) * 2000-12-21 2008-10-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers having improved crystallization properties
US6607819B2 (en) 2000-12-28 2003-08-19 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Polymer/dispersed modifier compositions
US6403706B1 (en) 2000-12-28 2002-06-11 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Methods of making polymer/dispersed modifier compositions
US6808795B2 (en) 2001-03-27 2004-10-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer and polylactic acid polymer compositions for laminates and films
US6905987B2 (en) 2001-03-27 2005-06-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibers comprising polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer/polylactic acid polymer or copolymer blends
US7030181B2 (en) 2001-04-11 2006-04-18 Eastman Chemical Company Films prepared from plasticized polyesters
US6515075B1 (en) 2001-07-12 2003-02-04 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Films, fibers and articles of chemically modified polyethylene oxide compositions with improved environmental stability and method of making same
JP4596713B2 (ja) * 2001-09-21 2010-12-15 ユニチカ株式会社 土木工事用中詰め材およびそれを用いた土木工事用部材
US7077994B2 (en) 2001-10-19 2006-07-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer/starch compositions for laminates and films
DE60231325D1 (de) * 2001-11-15 2009-04-09 Biomatera Inc Verfahren zur herstellung von gelen
US7285587B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2007-10-23 Eastman Chemical Company Flame retardant polyester compositions for calendering
US7781539B2 (en) 2003-02-21 2010-08-24 Metabolix Inc. PHA blends
ES2297385T3 (es) * 2003-02-21 2008-05-01 Metabolix, Inc. Composiciones adhesivas de pha.
JP2007525601A (ja) 2003-05-08 2007-09-06 テファ, インコーポレイテッド ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート医療用織物および医療用繊維
US7098292B2 (en) * 2003-05-08 2006-08-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Molded or extruded articles comprising polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer and an environmentally degradable thermoplastic polymer
US6706942B1 (en) 2003-05-08 2004-03-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Molded or extruded articles comprising polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer compositions having short annealing cycle times
US7353020B2 (en) * 2003-11-17 2008-04-01 Hitachi Communication Technologies, Ltd. Radio access point testing apparatus and method of testing radio access point
US7235623B2 (en) 2003-11-26 2007-06-26 Eastman Chemical Company Polyester compositions for calendering
US7354653B2 (en) 2003-12-18 2008-04-08 Eastman Chemical Company High clarity films with improved thermal properties
ATE407967T1 (de) * 2003-12-30 2008-09-15 Metabolix Inc Nukleierungsmittel
US20050153084A1 (en) * 2004-01-09 2005-07-14 Yu Shi PET with stress cracking resistance, preform and container made therewith and method
US20050282456A1 (en) * 2004-06-17 2005-12-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Laminate comprising a polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer
US7641825B2 (en) 2004-08-03 2010-01-05 Tepha, Inc. Method of making a polyhydroxyalkanoate filament
US20060057691A1 (en) * 2004-09-15 2006-03-16 Karunakaran Narasimhan Process for the extraction of polyhydroxyalkanoates from biomass
US8071695B2 (en) * 2004-11-12 2011-12-06 Eastman Chemical Company Polyeste blends with improved stress whitening for film and sheet applications
US20060260031A1 (en) * 2005-05-20 2006-11-23 Conrad Joseph M Iii Potty training device
DE102005033101A1 (de) * 2005-07-15 2007-01-25 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg Resorbierbare Polyetherester und ihre Verwendung zur Herstellung von medizinischen Implantaten
US20070079945A1 (en) * 2005-10-11 2007-04-12 Isao Noda Water stable fibers and articles comprising starch, and methods of making the same
US8637126B2 (en) * 2006-02-06 2014-01-28 International Paper Co. Biodegradable paper-based laminate with oxygen and moisture barrier properties and method for making biodegradable paper-based laminate
EP1991721A2 (en) 2006-03-01 2008-11-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibers formed of ester condensates and process for forming fibers from ester condensates
ITMI20080507A1 (it) * 2008-03-26 2009-09-27 Novamont Spa Poliestere biodegradabile, suo processo di preparazione e prodotti comprendenti detto poliestere.
US20100151166A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Eva Almenar Micro-perforated poly(lactic) acid packaging systems and method of preparation thereof
US20100305710A1 (en) 2009-05-28 2010-12-02 Biomet Manufacturing Corp. Knee Prosthesis
US8802121B2 (en) * 2009-06-02 2014-08-12 Surmodics, Inc. Silane-functionalized hydrophobic α(1→4)glucopyranose polymers and polymeric matrices for implantation or injection
US20100310845A1 (en) * 2009-06-03 2010-12-09 Eric Bryan Bond Fluid permeable structured fibrous web
US20100310837A1 (en) * 2009-06-03 2010-12-09 Eric Bryan Bond Structured fibrous web
US8759606B2 (en) 2009-06-03 2014-06-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Structured fibrous web
US20100310810A1 (en) * 2009-06-03 2010-12-09 Eric Bryan Bond Structured Fibrous Web
US20100312208A1 (en) 2009-06-03 2010-12-09 Eric Bryan Bond Fluid Permeable Structured Fibrous Web
US20100312212A1 (en) * 2009-06-03 2010-12-09 Eric Bryan Bond Fluid Permeable Structured Fibrous Web
US9248947B2 (en) * 2009-08-28 2016-02-02 Clear Lam Packaging, Inc. Film for thermal adhesion to a rigid biopolymer structure
US8002399B2 (en) 2009-12-02 2011-08-23 Xerox Corporation Solid inks incorporating a polyhydroxyalkanoate compound for enhanced properties
RU2426749C1 (ru) * 2009-12-25 2011-08-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Российский химико-технологический университет им. Д.И. Менделеева (РХТУ им. Д.И. Менделеева) Способ получения биоразлагаемого сополимера
RU2436595C1 (ru) * 2010-05-24 2011-12-20 Учреждение Российской Академии Наук Институт Биофизики Сибирского Отделения Ран Хирургическое волокно, способ его получения и изделия из него
WO2011153409A1 (en) 2010-06-03 2011-12-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Fibers and nonwovens made from uncross-linked alkyd oligomers
CN103201323A (zh) 2010-11-02 2013-07-10 宝洁公司 用于发展中市场的能够降解的小袋
US20120219790A1 (en) * 2011-02-25 2012-08-30 Frito-Lay North America, Inc. Compostable film with paper-like, writable surface
US20120237718A1 (en) 2011-03-15 2012-09-20 Paul Thomas Weisman Structured Fibrous Web
US20120238981A1 (en) 2011-03-15 2012-09-20 Paul Thomas Weisman Fluid Permeable Structured Fibrous Web
US20120238978A1 (en) 2011-03-15 2012-09-20 Paul Thomas Weisman Fluid Permeable Structured Fibrous Web
US20120238170A1 (en) 2011-03-15 2012-09-20 Paul Thomas Weisman Fluid Permeable Structured Fibrous Web
US20120238982A1 (en) 2011-03-15 2012-09-20 Paul Thomas Weisman Structured Fibrous Web
US20120238979A1 (en) 2011-03-15 2012-09-20 Paul Thomas Weisman Structured Fibrous Web
US20120288692A1 (en) 2011-04-12 2012-11-15 Norman Scott Broyles Renewably sourced films and methods of forming same
US8871319B2 (en) 2011-04-12 2014-10-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Flexible barrier packaging derived from renewable resources
WO2012162149A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2012-11-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Molded articles of polymer-wax compositions
WO2012162147A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2012-11-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Molded articles of polymer-oil compositions
EP3103833A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2016-12-14 The Procter and Gamble Company Fibers of polymer-wax compositions
US20120321871A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2012-12-20 Eric Bryan Bond Films of starch-polymer-wax-oil compositions
US20130089747A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2013-04-11 William Maxwell Allen, Jr. Fibers of Polymer-Wax Compositions
US20120296036A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2012-11-22 William Maxwell Allen Polymer-wax compositions, methods of making and using the same
EP2710174A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2014-03-26 The Procter and Gamble Company Fiber of starch- polymer -oil compositions
EP2710072A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2014-03-26 The Procter and Gamble Company Molded articles of starch-polymer-wax-oil compositions
EP2710059A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2014-03-26 The Procter and Gamble Company Films of polymer-wax compositions
WO2012162146A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2012-11-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Polymer-oil compositions, methods of making and using the same
RU2013156459A (ru) 2011-05-20 2015-06-27 Дзе Проктер Энд Гэмбл Компани Композиции, содержащие крахмал, полимер и масло, способы их получения и использования
US20130053479A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2013-02-28 Eric Bryan Bond Fibers of polymer-oil compositions
EP2710061A1 (en) 2011-05-20 2014-03-26 The Procter and Gamble Company Films of polymer-oil compositions
US20140020165A1 (en) 2012-07-20 2014-01-23 For Kids By Parents, Inc. Potty training device
CN104755538B (zh) 2012-08-17 2018-08-31 Cj 第一制糖株式会社 用于聚合物共混物的生物基橡胶改性剂
US8894762B2 (en) 2012-09-24 2014-11-25 Xerox Corporation Phase change ink comprising a polyhydroxyalkanoate compound
EP2922909A1 (en) 2012-11-20 2015-09-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Thermoplastic polymer compositions comprising hydrogenated castor oil, methods of making, and non-migrating articles made therefrom
EP2922911A1 (en) 2012-11-20 2015-09-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Starch-thermoplastic polymer-soap compositions and methods of making and using the same
CN104797648A (zh) 2012-11-20 2015-07-22 宝洁公司 聚合物-油脂组合物及其制备和使用方法
WO2014081749A2 (en) 2012-11-20 2014-05-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Polymer-soap compositions and methods of making and using the same
RU2015119601A (ru) 2012-11-20 2017-01-10 ИМФЛЮКС Инк. Способы формования из термопластических полимерных композиций, содержащих гидроксилированные липиды
CN104781332A (zh) 2012-11-20 2015-07-15 宝洁公司 淀粉-热塑性聚合物-油脂组合物及其制备和使用方法
CN105531308B (zh) 2013-05-30 2021-08-10 Cj 第一制糖株式会社 回收物共混物
EP3036277B1 (en) 2013-08-20 2021-05-26 Tepha, Inc. Closed cell foams including poly-4-hydroxybutyrate and copolymers thereof
MX2016002609A (es) 2013-08-27 2016-06-28 Procter & Gamble Articulos absorbentes con canales.
ES2705687T3 (es) 2013-11-05 2019-03-26 Tepha Inc Composiciones y dispositivos de poli-4-hidroxibutirato
CA2927209C (en) 2013-11-06 2018-07-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Flexible containers and methods of forming the same
EP3066021B1 (en) 2013-11-06 2018-02-14 The Procter and Gamble Company Flexible containers and methods of forming the same
JP6397037B2 (ja) 2013-11-06 2018-09-26 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー 可撓性弁を有する可撓性容器
CN105764808A (zh) * 2013-11-06 2016-07-13 宝洁公司 容易排空的柔性容器
CA2926528A1 (en) 2013-11-06 2015-05-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Flexible containers and methods of making the same
CA2927203A1 (en) 2013-11-06 2015-05-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Flexible containers with vent systems
EP3066028B1 (en) 2013-11-06 2018-05-02 The Procter and Gamble Company Flexible containers for use with short shelf-life products
MX2016005516A (es) 2013-11-06 2016-07-22 Procter & Gamble Envases flexibles y metodos para su fabricacion.
CN106459544B (zh) 2014-03-27 2021-10-01 Cj 第一制糖株式会社 高度填充的聚合物体系
ES2807178T3 (es) 2014-08-15 2021-02-22 Tepha Inc Suturas de autorretención de poli-4-hidroxibutirato y copolímeros del mismo
CN106604710A (zh) 2014-09-10 2017-04-26 宝洁公司 非织造纤维网
US9555155B2 (en) 2014-12-11 2017-01-31 Tepha, Inc. Methods of orienting multifilament yarn and monofilaments of poly-4-hydroxybutyrate and copolymers thereof
US10626521B2 (en) 2014-12-11 2020-04-21 Tepha, Inc. Methods of manufacturing mesh sutures from poly-4-hydroxybutyrate and copolymers thereof
WO2016149588A1 (en) 2015-03-18 2016-09-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article with leg cuffs
CN107405224B (zh) 2015-03-18 2021-02-05 宝洁公司 具有腿箍的吸收制品
EP3280658B1 (en) 2015-04-10 2024-06-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Flexible containers with integral dispensing spout
CA2981731C (en) 2015-04-10 2019-03-12 Kenneth Stephen Mcguire Flexible containers with product dispensing visibility
US9895305B2 (en) 2015-08-12 2018-02-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Skin cleansing compositions comprising biodegradable abrasive particles
CN105197369B (zh) * 2015-09-23 2018-06-19 周欢 用于包装原生态食品的物联网新型运输袋及其使用方法
CN108697560B (zh) 2016-03-09 2022-04-15 宝洁公司 吸收制品
CN106521701B (zh) * 2016-09-22 2019-03-22 江南大学 一种皮芯结构聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯)纤维、非织造材料及其制备方法
CN110023372A (zh) 2016-10-18 2019-07-16 梅雷迪安生物塑料有限公司 用于聚羟基脂肪酸酯的晶体成核剂
CN110325159A (zh) 2017-03-09 2019-10-11 宝洁公司 具有可热活化组合物的热塑性聚合物材料
KR102630174B1 (ko) 2018-09-21 2024-01-26 유니버시티 오브 델라웨어 전기방사 폴리[(r)-3-하이드록시부티레이트-코-(r)-3-하이드록시헥사노에이트](phbhx) 나노섬유를 포함하는 압전 센서
CN114072448A (zh) 2019-04-26 2022-02-18 株式会社未来科学 聚羟基烷酸及其制备方法
PH12022550570A1 (en) 2019-10-14 2023-02-13 Procter & Gamble Biodegradable and/or home compostable sachet containing a solid article
WO2022027047A1 (en) 2020-07-30 2022-02-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Biodegradable paper barrier laminate
US11584110B2 (en) 2020-07-30 2023-02-21 Pepsico, Inc. Multi-layered packaging films
EP4188830A1 (en) 2020-07-30 2023-06-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent article package material with natural fibres
AU2021318938B2 (en) 2020-07-30 2024-08-08 Danimer Ipco, Llc Biobased material for consumer goods packaging
US11913174B2 (en) 2020-07-30 2024-02-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Recyclable paper barrier laminate
US11821142B2 (en) 2020-10-09 2023-11-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Methods of producing biodegradable and recyclable barrier paper laminate
WO2022077008A1 (en) 2020-10-09 2022-04-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Biodegradable and recyclable barrier paper laminate
US20230116752A1 (en) * 2021-10-13 2023-04-13 Transcontinental Holding Corp. Systems and methods for compostable bags
EP4440948A1 (en) 2021-12-01 2024-10-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Arrays of absorbent article packages with natural fibers
EP4469635A1 (en) 2022-01-27 2024-12-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Nanocomposite barrier paper laminate
CN120513209A (zh) 2023-01-25 2025-08-19 宝洁公司 可再循环的吸收制品包装件
WO2025076732A1 (en) 2023-10-11 2025-04-17 The Procter & Gamble Company A biodegradable flexible package with a personal care composition

Family Cites Families (47)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3860003B2 (en) * 1973-11-21 1990-06-19 Contractable side portions for disposable diaper
DE2909145A1 (de) * 1978-03-21 1979-09-27 Espanola Automoviles Turismo Vorrichtung zur abgabe von elektrischen signalen nach massgabe der bewegungen einer zyklisch arbeitenden maschine
EP0052460B1 (en) * 1980-11-18 1985-02-06 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Polymer blends
US4477654A (en) * 1981-07-07 1984-10-16 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc 3-Hydroxybutyrate polymers
GB8424950D0 (en) * 1984-10-03 1984-11-07 Ici Plc Non-woven fibrous materials
AU603076B2 (en) * 1985-12-09 1990-11-08 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Polymeric products and their manufacture
NL8603073A (nl) * 1986-12-02 1988-07-01 Rijksuniversiteit Werkwijze voor het bereiden van polyesters door fermentatie; werkwijze voor het bereiden van optisch actieve carbonzuren en esters; polyester omvattende voortbrengselen.
US5004664A (en) * 1989-02-27 1991-04-02 Xerox Corporation Toner and developer compositions containing biodegradable semicrystalline polyesters
SU1685952A1 (ru) * 1989-04-12 1991-10-23 Предприятие П/Я А-7629 Способ получени сложных полиэфиров
GB8912388D0 (en) * 1989-05-30 1989-07-12 Ici Plc 3-hydroxybutyrate polymer composition
JPH03180186A (ja) * 1989-09-08 1991-08-06 Showa Denko Kk 共重合体およびその製造法
GB2243327A (en) * 1990-02-16 1991-10-30 Procter & Gamble Biodegradable, liquid-impervious sheet laminate
WO1991013207A1 (en) * 1990-02-21 1991-09-05 Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada POLY-β-HYDROXYALKANOATES FOR USE IN FIBRE CONSTRUCTS AND FILMS
JPH0768443B2 (ja) * 1990-03-28 1995-07-26 義治 土肥 生分解性樹脂組成物
AU7979691A (en) * 1990-05-25 1991-12-31 Governors Of The University Of Alberta, The Hyperproduction of poly-hydroxyalkanoates during exponential growth by mutant strains of azotobacter vinelandii
US5023316A (en) * 1990-06-14 1991-06-11 Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc. Catalytic polymerization of β-substituted-β-propiolactones by oligomeric isobutylaluminoxane
US5191016A (en) * 1990-07-19 1993-03-02 Manssur Yalpani Functionalized poly(hydroxyalkanoates) and method of manufacturing same
JPH0489004A (ja) * 1990-08-01 1992-03-23 Canon Inc カードケース
JPH04136066A (ja) * 1990-09-27 1992-05-11 Terumo Corp 包装材
JPH04136067A (ja) * 1990-09-27 1992-05-11 Terumo Corp 包装材
GB9021682D0 (en) * 1990-10-05 1990-11-21 Bhf Eng Ltd Straight line gob shearing apparatus
US5225227A (en) * 1990-11-21 1993-07-06 Manssur Yalpani Polyhydroxyalkanoate flavor delivery system
US5229158A (en) * 1990-11-21 1993-07-20 Manssur Yalpani Polyhydroxyalkanoate cream substitutes
DE4040158A1 (de) * 1990-12-15 1992-06-17 Danubia Petrochem Deutschland Flaechenfoermiger gegenstand aus einer mit polyhydroxyalkanoat-dispersion beschichteten traegerschicht
ATA258390A (de) * 1990-12-19 1997-08-15 Danubia Petrochem Polymere Mischung aus vorwiegend einem polyhydroxyalkanoat und einer verbindung, die mindestens zwei reaktive gruppen wie säure- und/oder alkoholgruppen enthält und ein durch schmelzen der mischung hergestelltes polymerisat
JPH04292619A (ja) * 1991-03-19 1992-10-16 Terumo Corp 生分解性共重合ポリエステルおよび生分解性樹脂組成物
KR100189468B1 (ko) * 1991-04-09 1999-06-01 양갑석 폴리-베타-하이드록시알카노에이트(pha)공중합체및그제조방법,이를생산하는미생물과pha공중합체의고분자블렌드
JPH06184418A (ja) * 1991-04-11 1994-07-05 Yoshiharu Doi 生分解性重合体組成物
JP3064470B2 (ja) * 1991-04-19 2000-07-12 杉郎 大谷 人工補填補綴材料
GB9108756D0 (en) * 1991-04-24 1991-06-12 Ici Plc Production of polyalkanoate in plants
US5136859A (en) * 1991-05-13 1992-08-11 Precision Fukuhara Works, Ltd. Apparatus and method for winding and doffing roll of knitted cloth in circular knitting machines
WO1992021708A1 (fr) * 1991-06-07 1992-12-10 Kirin Beer Kabushiki Kaisha Polymere biodegradable et production et utilisation de ce polymere
JPH0699569B2 (ja) * 1991-07-10 1994-12-07 東洋製罐株式会社 樹脂成形構造物及びその製法
GB9115245D0 (en) * 1991-07-16 1991-08-28 Ici Plc Production of polyalkanoate
JPH0534343A (ja) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-09 Terumo Corp 試験具
JP2777757B2 (ja) * 1991-09-17 1998-07-23 鐘淵化学工業株式会社 共重合体およびその製造方法
JPH0593317A (ja) * 1991-09-27 1993-04-16 Unitika Ltd 潜在捲縮能を有する微生物分解性複合繊維
JPH0593318A (ja) * 1991-09-27 1993-04-16 Unitika Ltd 微生物分解性複合繊維及びその不織布
US5300576A (en) * 1991-10-03 1994-04-05 Camelot Technologies, Inc. Higher heat degradable polymer alloys
US5135966A (en) * 1991-11-26 1992-08-04 Shell Oil Company Environmentally degradable polymer composition
JP2671698B2 (ja) * 1992-02-20 1997-10-29 東洋製罐株式会社 樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた容器
EP0560014A1 (en) * 1992-03-12 1993-09-15 Atrix Laboratories, Inc. Biodegradable film dressing and method for its formation
US5281691A (en) * 1992-06-19 1994-01-25 Eastman Kodak Company Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates)
ES2113542T3 (es) * 1992-06-26 1998-05-01 Procter & Gamble Composiciones para peliculas multicapa biodegradables e impermeables a los liquidos.
US5910520A (en) * 1993-01-15 1999-06-08 Mcneil-Ppc, Inc. Melt processable biodegradable compositions and articles made therefrom
GB9310712D0 (en) * 1993-05-24 1993-07-07 Zeneca Ltd Polymer composition
US5350627A (en) * 1993-06-11 1994-09-27 Camelot Technologies, Inc. Coated webs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL178568B1 (pl) 2000-05-31
EP0739368A1 (en) 1996-10-30
CN1097603C (zh) 2003-01-01
WO1995020614A1 (en) 1995-08-03
SG49114A1 (en) 1998-05-18
DE69432189T2 (de) 2003-12-04
ES2188648T3 (es) 2003-07-01
US5498692A (en) 1996-03-12
FI962997L (fi) 1996-07-26
JPH09508423A (ja) 1997-08-26
PL315691A1 (en) 1996-11-25
US5602227A (en) 1997-02-11
NO963104L (no) 1996-09-27
AU1056895A (en) 1995-08-15
RU2137784C1 (ru) 1999-09-20
TW383316B (en) 2000-03-01
USRE36548E (en) 2000-02-01
JP4126341B2 (ja) 2008-07-30
CA2181791A1 (en) 1995-08-03
CA2181791C (en) 2001-04-24
HUT75180A (en) 1997-04-28
SK97096A3 (en) 1997-04-09
CN1142839A (zh) 1997-02-12
FI962997A7 (fi) 1996-07-26
ID23491A (id) 1995-09-07
NO963104D0 (no) 1996-07-25
NZ276325A (en) 1998-07-28
DE69432189D1 (de) 2003-04-03
HU9602048D0 (en) 1996-09-30
EP0739368B1 (en) 2003-02-26
CZ219296A3 (en) 1996-12-11
KR100342902B1 (ko) 2002-08-22
HU218160B (hu) 2000-06-28
FI962997A0 (fi) 1996-07-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
BR9408512A (pt) Copolímeros biodegradáveis e artigos plásticos que contêm copolímeros biodegradáveis
FI962996L (fi) Biohajoavia kopolymeerejä ja muoviartikkeleita, jotka sisältävät 3-hydroksiheksanoaatin biohajoavia kopolymeerejä
ZA95627B (en) Biodegradable copolymers and plastic articles comprising biodegradable copolymers
BR9406978A (pt) Artigo plastico
DE69627929D1 (de) Biodegradierbare Polyestermischung und biodegradierbarer geformter Gegenstand
NO951559D0 (no) Plastflaske
DE69404293D1 (de) Kunststoffbehälter
DE69502489D1 (de) Haftkleber und artikel
DK0891433T3 (da) Polypropylenfibre og genstande fremstillet deraf
FI962998L (fi) Biohajoavia 3-polymeerihydroksibutyraatti/3-polyhydroksiheksanoaatti-kopolymeerikalvoja
BR9402419A (pt) Recipiente plástico
DE69738050D1 (de) Kunststoff-probelinse,spritzguss-artikel und spritzguss-vorrichtung
DE69411079D1 (de) Polymer-Mischungen und daraus hergestellte Gegenstände
DE69517022D1 (de) Styrolpolymer und geformte gegenstände
BR9600300A (pt) Artigo e composição aquosa
BR9707938A (pt) Artigos absorventes que compreendem coagulante
KR970702900A (ko) 혈액흡수성 수지조성물 및 흡수성 물품(blood-absorbent resin composition and absorbent articles)
BR9611575A (pt) Composição de resina resistente a chamada e artigo moldado
DE69601019D1 (de) Harzzusammensetzung und geformter Gegenstand daraus
DE69600128D1 (de) Propylenharzzusammensetzung und daraus geformte Gegenstände
DE69820240D1 (de) Kunststoffolien und daraus hergestellte verpackungen
DE69520724D1 (de) Kunststoffbehälter
DE69318580D1 (de) Photo-und biologisch-abbaubare polymermischungen
NO990087D0 (no) Polymermateriale og gjenstander fremstilt av dette
EP0641827A3 (en) Resin composition and molded article.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EG Technical examination (opinion): publication of technical examination (opinion)
FF Decision: intention to grant
FG9A Patent or certificate of addition granted
B25A Requested transfer of rights approved

Owner name: MEREDIAN, INC. (US)

Free format text: TRANSFERIDO DE: THE PROCTER AND GAMBLE COMPANY

B21A Patent or certificate of addition expired [chapter 21.1 patent gazette]

Free format text: PATENTE EXTINTA EM 15/11/2014