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Showing posts with label Robinson. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Robinson. Show all posts

Sunday, January 29, 2023

Four mid-'50s stories from worlds beyond selected by T E Dikty: R F Young, F M Robinson, T Godwin & T N Scortia

For some reason it is hard to tear your eyes away from the cover of 1958's Six From Worlds Beyond.  Is it the representation of an atom in the upper right corner?  No, I don't think it is that.  Is it the crudely imagined laboratory apparatus and the poorly realized veiny brain behind it over  there in the right center?  Naw, can't be that.  Could it be the sexalicious nude blonde reclining there in the lower third of the cover?  Oh yeah, I bet that is it.

The arresting cover of Six From Worlds Beyond came to my attention recently when I read Robert Bloch's "I Do Not Love Thee, Dr. Fell," a story that is included in the anthology.  The pages behind that dreamy young lady and the accompanying collage of cliched science-related images are devoted to six stories extracted from T. E. Dikty's hardcover The Best Science Fiction Stories and Novels: 1956.  We've already read two of the six, the aforementioned piece from Psycho-scribe Bloch just a few days ago, and critical darling Cordwainer Smith's "The Game of Rat and Dragon" back in 2014.  Those stories are pretty good, so let's read the remaining four.  The internet archive, world's finest website, has a scan of The Best Science Fiction Stories and Novels: 1956 that one can borrow, so we'll be reading them there. 

"Jungle Doctor" by Robert F. Young (1955)

It looks like I have blogged about six stories by Young over the years, "The Ogress," "Thirty Days Had September," "The Dandelion Girl," "Ape's Eye View," "Starscape With Frieze of Dreams," and "When Time Was New" and I liked a majority of them.  

Lindsey is guy who works at a mechanic's, washing cars, and who loves poetry, often quoting Elizabeth Barrett Browning or Milton to himself.  He is also a drunk who drinks all day.

One cold snowy night Lindsey is walking home when he finds a beautiful blonde teenager just laying there unconscious in the snow-filled ditch!  This girl, as we know from the little prologue, is Sarith, a medical professional from a super high-tech galaxy-spanning civilization who has ended up on our little low-tech Earth because she fed the wrong coordinates into the interstellar teleporter device that hangs from her belt.  Oops!*

Lindsey carries Sarith to his home and lays her out on the couch.  (I guess that is Sarith on the cover of Six From Worlds Beyond.)  The drunk falls asleep before she revives; when Sarith comes to, she uses the psychic powers so many aliens in these old SF stories have to learn English from Lindsey's mind, and also become familiar with his biography--Lindsey is drinking himself to death because his significant other died.  Sad!  How exactly she died is buried deep.  Mysterious!

Lindsey figures he has to report this lost teenaged girl to the police, but said girl, name of Sarith, invades his mind and deploys a mental block that will keep him from doing so--she needs some time to figure out where Earth is so she can get back to the Galactic Federation and she doesn't want the native law enforcers interrupting her.  But after she has figured out how to teleport to the nearest Federation system she delves into Lindsey's mind again and gets a better grasp of his tragic fate.  Perhaps inspired by a book by Albert Schweitzer she found in Lindsey's house (with her alien brain she can read an entire book in a few minutes), Sarith decides to stay on Earth and heal Lindsey's mind and the minds of other Earth people.

Young does a good job of describing Sarith's powers and Lindsey's psychology; his descriptions are clear and compelling and he doles out the details, like in a mystery story, in a way that keeps you curious.  And of course, Young's story is a wish fulfillment fantasy which gives form to your impossible but oh so comforting dream that a gorgeous blonde teenager might just fall into your lap from out of nowhere and use her super powers to patch up this life of yours that you have totally FUBARed.  Either way you look at it, thumbs up for "Jungle Doctor."  

"Jungle Doctor" debuted in Startling, in the same issue as James Gunn's "The Naked Sky," which we read in May. "The Naked Sky" was illustrated by Virgil Finlay, and Ed Emshwiller provides illustrations for "Jungle Doctor," as well as for other pieces in the issue, making the issue one all you lovers of SF illustration will want to check out--Medusa, futuristic fishing gear, a winged woman, a nude woman whose brain is attached to a machine via wires, a woman opening a coffin to find within it a body just like her own, a woman running through a ruined city; all these visions are there for you to feast your eyes on.

*Stifle those jokes about woman drivers!

"Dream Street" by Frank M. Robinson (1955)

Back in September I read six stories by Robinson and liked a bunch of them.  "Dream Street" debuted in an issue of Imaginative Tales that has a cheeky cover that illustrates a story by Robert Bloch that is probably supposed to be funny (and probably isn't funny--I am firmly of the belief that in a better world Bloch would have ditched the comedy schtick and focused all his energies on tales of tragedy and blood and guts.)  Robinson actually has two stories in this issue of Imaginative Tales, one under a pen name.  Maybe I'll tackle that pseudonymous one someday, but today we attack "Dream Street," which would be reprinted in a hardcover anthology in 1971, The Days After Tomorrow.

This is a well-written story about a kid of the future, when there are colonies on Mars and Venus and scientific expeditions going to Saturn and so forth.  The kid is an orphan who is obsessed with becoming a spaceman.  He runs away from the orphanage to make his way to the biggest spaceport on Earth with the idea of stowing away on a rocket ship.  As the kid meets all kinds of disgusting characters on his journey, like thieves and prostitutes, and lots of people who tell him that being in space and being on alien planets is either boring or dangerous, Robinson seems to be suggesting that conquering space is some kind of mistake, but in the end it is suggested that, for some people at least, like our main character, the romance of space is justification enough for incurring all those risks and enduring all those hardships--some men are just called to the stars, the way so many men throughout history have been called to the sea.

A solid and smoothly presented story; there isn't a twist ending or an explosive climax or any of that, but "Dream Street" is still a good read, one in which all the emotions and all the decisions of the characters feel authentic.

"You Created Us" by Tom Godwin (1955)

Here we have a story by Tom Godwin, author of the famous "Cold Equations."  We read a novel by Godwin back in 2014, Space Prison, and I gave it a mildly negative review.  But we won't hold that against him.  "You Created Us," which first was printed in Fantastic Universe, doesn't seem to have been printed after it appeared in Six From Worlds Beyond, but we won't hold that against Godwin, either.

The main character of "You Created Us" suffered a head injury while serving in Korea; as the story begins he works as an executive for a firm with a factory in San Francisco and is driving through the deserts of the Southwest, near nuclear weapons testing sites, en route to the plant.  Suddenly, he spots bipedal reptiles taller than a man!  They must be mutants, created by the radiation of the weapons tests!

Over the next few years our protagonist, while still maintaining his job and not saying anything to anybody to make them think he is brain damaged or insane, conducts a low key investigation of the truth behind what he saw on that desert drive.  It turns out that the mutants are more intelligent than us humans and have psychic powers that allow them to hypnotize those humans who see them into forgetting them.  The main character's head injury and the steel plate in his skull offer him some protection from these hypnotic powers, which is why he remembers them.  He learns that the reptile people are using their mutant abilities on the leaders of the Soviet Union and of the United States to make war inevitable and make sure the commies defeat us!  Once the land of the free and the home of the brave is a cratered wasteland, the reptile race--immune to radiation--will inherit the Western Hemisphere and proceed to use similar tactics to bamboozle the human race in the Eastern Hemisphere to exterminate itself; then the scaley psykers will rule the world.  The small number of humans who survive the nuclear wars will be their cattle!     

Can the protagonist warn the human race of its peril, or will the reptile people focus their psychic powers and overwhelm his ability to remember the horrible truth he has learned?  Can he maybe figure out a way to warn himself even if his memory is erased?

This is acceptable filler; not bad, but no big deal.  I guess students of SF stories reflective of Cold War fears of nuclear war and communist domination, and stories about radiation and evolution, may find it has historical value.  "You Created Us" is perhaps noteworthy because it is pessimistic--the main character's efforts to save human civilization fail and the human race is doomed to be conquered by the reptiles, just like, the story says, the dinosaurs were overthrown by the mammals.  (I guess this story also has historical value in its illustration of 1950s theories about the extinction of the dinosaurs.)  Man's science is not going to save him--in fact, as the title of the story, a phrase used by the mutants, indicates, man's own scientific "progress," and his propensity for violence, are what is going to destroy or subjugate him.   

"The Shores of Night" by Thomas N. Scortia (1956)

It looks like I haven't read anything by Thomas N. Scortia since 2019, when I jawed at length (over the course of three blog posts) about nine stories by him: "Alien Night," "Caution!  Inflammable!," "Sea Change," "The Bomb in the Bathtub," "John Robert and the Dragon's Egg," "The Icebox Blonde," "Though a Sparrow Fall," "Morality," and "Judas Fish."  According to notes in The Best Science Fiction Stories and Novels: 1956 and at isfdb, "Sea Change," which I liked and which debuted in Astounding, is a small portion of "The Shores of Night."  So I guess I can expect to appreciate this full novella, which is over 50 pages in The Best Science Fiction Stories and Novels: 1956 and would be reprinted in a French anthology in 1977 and in English in 1981's The Best of Thomas N. Scortia.

"The Shores of Night" is full of learned references: we find indirect references to T. S. Eliot, direct references to Greek literature (the story opens with a reference to Argus of the thousand eyes and one of its chapters is called "Bellerophon" and features a spaceship called Pegasus) and to the Bible, as well as a remark that the landscape of Pluto looks like a "block print...struck in the severest style...."  This is sort of an ambitious story, and I think Scortia pulls it off.

It is also a fundamentally optimistic story; like Robinson's "Dream Street," "The Shores of Night" has as its theme the question of whether conquering space is worth the risk and sacrifice involved, and while admitting that the cost is high, argues that mastering the stars is worth it.

Mankind has spent a century working on a star drive, spending a bazillion dollars and losing many brave spacemen.  The star drive currently under development won't work near a strong gravity field, and so, to escape the reach of the sun, a huge expense has been incurred constructing and maintaining a star-drive construction and testing facility way out on Pluto.  The cost is not merely financial and material, of course--military men and scientists and technicians have devoted their lives to the project for decades, and many have suffered collapsed marriages, been millions of miles away while their kids grew up, etc.  

The boffins and service personnel out on Pluto are just months away from a final test of the Bechtoldt Drive, named after its designer, the top physicist on Pluto, Beth Bechtoldt, when the Earth government pulls the plug on funding for the project--the tax payers and voters have had it with all the expense, especially after colonizing Mars and exploring the gas giants and all that has not yielded anything by way of profits: the whole space program is a drain, nothing actually useful has been found beyond Earth's atmosphere.  Of course, the space program boosters tell them that the real profit will come when we reach other solar systems, but those starry-eyed idealists have been saying that for decades and the stars don't seem any closer than they did fifty years ago.

Beth Bechtoldt is willing to follow orders, but the head of the Pluto base, Major General Matthew Freck, decides they are going rogue, testing the star drive anyway in the next few weeks, before the ship arrives from Earth to bring them home!  Of course, rushing the test will make that perilous enterprise even more risky for the test pilot, Art Sommers.  A lot of the story's drama is in the relationships Freck, Bechtoldt and Sommers have with each other and with the program to conquer the stars, to what extent they are selfish, brave, scared, etc.  Scortia does a pretty good job with all this emotional stuff--for example, the three aren't just archetypes who butt up against each other, but evolve over the course of the story--and of course readers can see it all as an allegory of their own lives.  What gives your life meaning, and what have you sacrificed in pursuit of that meaningful project?  Have you played it too safe?  Have you sacrificed family to your career or some passion in a way you regret?  Should you have done more in service to humanity, or have you been presumptuous in thinking you knew what was best for others and arrogantly telling them what to do?

The test fails and Sommers is blinded.  When the relief ship arrives it has new technology developed on Earth while the Pluto team was away, which is used to integrate Sommers's brain into the controls of the next test craft; more closely attuned to the drive, Sommers is able to make it work!  But the government on Earth, which is determined to stifle the star program, suppresses the details of the test!  Freck, Bechtoldt and Sommers get frozen up there on Pluto in an accident, but their brains are saved; the government, wanting to get rid of Freck but also wanting to keep his valuable knowledge accessible, integrates the general's brain with the semi-organic super computer that runs the Earth's most advanced city.  

This super computer is made up of human brains thought to be dead; in fact, the consciousnesses of the brains' owners still endure, though weakly.  Freck is a man of powerful will, and his consciousness is still strong, and he is able to wrangle the other souls in the machine and take over the whole apparatus!  There is also a series of scenes in which Freck despairs and considers suicide, but his eight-year-old granddaughter, inspiring him with an act of self-sacrifice within hours of him first setting his electronic eyes on her, gives Freck the kick in the pants he needs to get off his duff and foil the government efforts to scotch the star program.           
        
In the final section of the story we are assured that the effort to conquer the stars will succeed, and that Freck, Bechtoldt and Sommer's consciousnesses, operating star ships and in total rapport with each other, will never be lonely and are part of the human race's glorious history.

Thumbs up for this endorsement of mankind's quest to bend the natural universe to its will and its romanticization of mankind as a collective, a sort of immortal being of which we are all components.


**********

Six From Worlds Beyond turns out to be a quite good anthology, with no bad stories; the mesmerizing picture of Sirath on the cover is not the only reason to pick one up!

Friday, September 16, 2022

Frank M. Robinson: "The Reluctant Heroes," "Two Weeks in August," and "The Fire and the Sword"

I liked the three 1950-51 stories from Astounding by Frank M. Robinson that we read in our last blog post enough that today we are reading three stories Robinson got published in Galaxy in 1951.  

"The Reluctant Heroes" 

The issue of Galaxy in which "The Reluctant Heroes" made its debut includes reviews by Groff Conklin of three books, Stanton Coblentz's After 12,000 Years, A. E. van Vogt's The House that Stood Still, and Robert E. Howard's Conan the Conqueror (AKA The Hour of the Dragon), and to the amazement of this reader he argues that Coblentz's book is the best of the three!  Conklin himself seems to be a little surprised by this turn of events, and his dismissive descriptions of the van Vogt detective caper and the Conan novel make them sound like fun reads, while he fails to make the Coblentz satire sound like anything other than a tedious slog.  I haven't read After 12,000 Years myself, so I can't really judge, but reading Conklin's reviews makes me want to read The House that Stood Still and The Hour of the Dragon again, and has not inspired any urge to hunt up After 12,000 Years.   

"The Reluctant Heroes" (the real reason we directed our browser to the internet archive scan of the January '51 issue of Galaxy) was a hit with editors, being reprinted in anthologies by Galaxy editor H. L. Gold, Donald A. Wollheim, and T. E. Dikty (two different ones!)  Let's check it out!

Chapman has been on the moon for three years and is dying to get back to Earth.  He arrived with the first expedition, as pilot and mechanic; the other members of that first expedition were all scientists.  A practical man, Chapman has been the informal leader, keeping the eggheads alive by constantly reminding them to check their space suits for leaks and making sure their air tanks are full and that sort of thing--these absent minded nerds are likely to kill themselves without his nagging!  

The first expedition was relieved after eighteen months, but Chapman was persuaded to stay to manage the second squad of boffins.  Today the third crew is coming to relieve the second, and Chapman is determined to go back to Earth this time, to marry his girlfriend.  Everybody, however, is trying to convince him to stay for a third tour of duty!  The guy from the second expedition chosen to stay on is having cold feet, and people are very skeptical he can do as a good a job as Chapman has.  They offer Chapman money, a fancy title, etc., but he turns them down repeatedly.  

When the third ship arrives they bring the mail along with them.  Among the other letters are a Dear John letter from Chapman's sweetheart!  The wedding is off!  He decides to stay on the Moon after all, having no reason to go back to Earth if his girl isn't waiting for him!

The first twist ending is that the letter is a lie!  Chapman's girl was persuaded by the government to say she didn't want to get married; they convinced her of the vital importance of the moon base and that there was only one guy--her guy!--who could be trusted up there to keep it going!  

"The Reluctant Heroes" is about the terrible costs paid, the heavy sacrifices individuals make, when society embarks on some tremendous endeavor.  Robinson depicts the dangers of being on the moon and just getting to and from the moon, the psychological stresses of being up there and the way people have to compromise their values (like by lying) to make the project a success.  But Robinson's point in this story isn't that exploring space or conquering the moon is a load of crap, a delusional crusade or an elite conspiracy, like a Barry Malzberg story might suggest.  Instead, "The Reluctant Heroes" is like Walter M. Miller Jr.'s 1953 "Crucifixus Etiam"--conquering space is tough, but it's all worth it!  Robinson points out the short term and the long term benefits of the base on the moon, and in the italicized frame story we learn that Chapman and his girlfriend eventually got married and lived the rest of their lives in the moon city that grew out of the little research base Chapman helped to found and expand!  The Chapmans have a son, and he is chosen to go on the first expedition to Venus!

Pretty good!  All the human stuff and all SF stuff works, and the philosophical content is compelling, so thumbs up.                


"Two Weeks in August"

This issue of Galaxy starts off with an ad bragging that Galaxy has covers that won't embarrass you in public* and has added Ray Bradbury to its stable of writers ("The Fireman" debuted in this issue.)  In his book review column, Groff Conklin praises Henry Kuttner, in particular Fury and "This is the House" (I liked Fury quite a lot but haven't read "This is the House" yet.)  Conklin expresses reservations about the Hogpen stories, which had me nodding in agreement, as I am also skeptical of them.  A theme of his column in this ish of Galaxy is that SF has improved and SF writers matured since the dawn of modern SF; in talking about Robert Heinlein's juvenile Farmer in the Sky, Conklin stresses that it is better and more mature than the books aimed at an adolescent audience in the past, like Tom Swift, and in talking about Clifford Simak's Cosmic Engineers he says Simak's writing has improved since he first penned the serial version of the tale in 1939.  (Farmer in the Sky, which I read before the launch of this blog, is good, and I agree with Conklin's analysis of what is good about it; I read The Cosmic Engineers back in 2018 and while I fully endorsed its ideology and attitude I thought it bland and flat because of poor construction and writing style.)  Conklin finishes up with a discussion of the memorial edition of A. Merritt's The Ship of Ishtar and its Virgil Finlay illos, which he calls "superb."  Conklin likes the novel, but admits it is "corny" and wonders if perhaps he just likes it out of nostalgia, Merritt having been a big deal in Conklin's youth.  (You can take a gander at this book at the internet archive, and you definitely should if you are a fan of Finlay's.)

Now back to Frank M. Robinson.  "Two Weeks in August" would be reprinted in the French edition of Galaxy in 1958 and in the 1960s in Isaac Asimov and Groff Conklin's Fifty Short Science Fiction Tales, a book which has gone through many printings; did contributors like Robinson get another check every time the anthology was reprinted?  I hope so!

The narrator of "Two Weeks in August" works in an office with an irritating guy.  I've worked in an office myself, and it's no fucking picnic!  But I've also worked in a machine shop, a book store, a warehouse, a department store, and as a delivery driver, and working in an office was better than those jobs, all of which entailed actual labor.

The irritating guy always one-ups everybody else; his kids are smarter, his car gets better gas mileage, his vacation was more luxurious, etc.  The narrator, one day, as a joke, puts on an act, claiming his coming vacation this year will be a trip to Mars, and his other colleagues play along.  I guess everybody in this office takes vacation at the same time, and on the day they all return to the office they discuss their vacations.  The punchline of the joke is that while the narrator, for reasons of economy, had a staycation, the irritating guy says he went to Mars--and he has the photos and souvenirs to prove it!

Lame filler.         

"The Fire and the Sword"

"The Fire and the Sword" was reprinted several times; Robinson himself took sufficient pride in it that it was printed in Harry Harrison's SF: Author's Choice 4, which you can read at the internet archive.  In his intro to the story there, Robinson tells us it is about alienation, how "we" discriminate against blacks, women, Communists (Robinson capitalizes "Communists") and homosexuals, keeping them out of our society, refusing to open our hearts to them, refusing to accept them as human beings.  But Robinson seems to hedge a little, giving us reason to suspect that maybe he didn't really write this story in the early Fifties to protest the fact that some people are reluctant to open their hearts to poor ol' Mao Zedong and Joseph Stalin, but is sort of projecting his 1974 feelings onto his 1951 self.  "Some of this I was conscious of when I wrote the story, though not all of it," he writes, and goes on to explain how he originally thought one faction in the story was the bad guys, and later realized it was the other faction who were the villains; if he wrote the story today (1974), he tells us, it would be quite different.  As we read "The Fire and the Sword" today in its original appearance in the pages of Galaxy, form, let's try to put ourselves in the shoes of the SF fans of 1951 by pretending we haven't read Robinson's 1974 assessment of the tale and see how the text on its own, without ancillary elaboration or interpretation, strikes us.

It is the space faring future!  Tunpesh is a minor planet with natives much like Terrans, but they have no space ships of their own and few Terran ships ever visit them.  Three years ago, the first Earth diplomat ever stationed on Tunpesh, a Pendleton, took up his post there.  Recently the Earth authorities learned he had committed suicide.  Oddly, the Terran anthropologist who had been on Tunpesh also killed himself.  Terra sends two men to Tunpesh for a six-month stay, to figure out why the only two Earthers to ever spend any time on Tunpesh did away with themselves.  Eckert is an old space hand, seasoned, tough, mature, steady.  Templin is young, in fact, Pendleton's age; Templin and Pendelton were friends, and Templin is confident Pendleton was not the type to commit suicide, that the Tunpeshans murdered Pendleton!  Something that Eckert knows but Templin does not is that Templin was chosen for the mission because his psychological profile is very similar to Pendleton--Eckert is to observe how Templin reacts to life on Tunpesh to gain insight into how Pendleton likely reacted.

Tunpesh, Eckert and Templin find, is a utopia like something out of a Theodore Sturgeon story.  Everybody is good-looking, nobody ever gets sick, people never fight or lie, nobody is greedy or lonely or bitter, there is no heavy machinery but there is plenty of food and housing and they have medical equipment as good as that of Terra.  The tension of the first part of the story lies in the fact that Templin is very suspicious and trigger happy, and Eckert fears he is going to overreact and start a fight they can't escape from (no Terran ship will be able to collect them until the appointed date) or commit some atrocity.

Both conventional and unconventional (lie detector machine) means of investigation uncover no evidence that Pendleton was murdered, nor any reason why he committed suicide, even though the natives are fully cooperative.  The crucial clue we readers get that is that while all the Tunpeshans say Pendleton was a good guy, they also say it would have been impossible for them to be Pendleton's friend or for a native woman to fall in love with him.

Finally convinced that the natives didn't kill his friend, Templin starts to like living in paradise, and when the ship comes to collect them he announces his decision to stay.  But Eckert uses a sleep gas gun on him and drags him aboard the ship.  Shipboard, as Tunpesh recedes, Eckert explains that Pendleton (and the anthropologist) killed themselves because they fell in love with the paradise that is Tunpesh, but the Tunpeshans were unable to accept them--lying, violent, ambitious, individualistic, forever unsatisfied Terrans are just too repulsive for the honest, pacific, community-minded and perennially satisfied Tunpesh to ever like.  Eckert and Templin agree to falsify their report so Earth won't try to strike up a trading relationship with Tunpesh--contact with human evil would no doubt corrupt the Tunpeshans' paradise!  "The Fire and the Sword," here in Galaxy, appears to be an example of the common SF strategy of presenting an alien utopia as a means of attacking our own civilization.  In his 1974 intro to the story in SF: Author's Choice 4, Robinson says if he had written the story today the Tunpeshans would be severely punished for their crime of killing Terrans with their refusal to embrace them.  (No tolerance for intolerance!) 

Presumably Robinson in 1974 thought of this story as one of his favorites because he saw it as dramatizing his own feeling that, as a gay man, American society was rejecting him (or would have rejected him if his sexual orientation was known--seeing as the top SF magazines and top men's magazines were eager to publish his stories and columns, and Hollywood turned his first novel into a film, it is hard to see Robinson's career as a story of rejection.)  The text as it appears in Galaxy doesn't make this interpretation of the story very obvious to the reader, and, in any event, I'm finding "The Fire and the Sword" to be just OK.  The writing style is fine, but neither the obvious interpretation (humans are too jerky to get into paradise) nor the esoteric interpretation (people who have it good are jerks if they don't open their hearts to every single other person) is terribly original or compelling, and neither are the supposed sources of suspense (will Templin's suspicions cause trouble? will Templin go native?)


**********

"The Reluctant Heroes" is good, but "Two Weeks in August" is a lame joke story and "The Fire and the Sword" is just tepid.  Of course, I always cotton to stories about climbing into a vacuum suit and getting out there and conquering the cosmos and am allergic to joke stories and utopia stories, so, your mileage may vary.

I've got a big stack of books and magazines I want to read, but maybe we'll find time to read more 1950s  Frank M. Robinson stories in the future.  Time will tell.


**********

*Intrigued by the idea offered in this 1951 ad that a hackie, housewife or haberdasher might be ashamed to be seen with a SF magazine, I looked at all the 1950 covers of seven of Galaxy's most prominent competitors, looking for the most potentially embarrassing covers borne that year by Amazing, Astounding, Fantastic Adventures, F&SF, Planet Stories, Thrilling Wonder Stories, and Weird Tales with the idea of getting a gander at what the writer of the ad was thinking of.  For each of those magazines, I chose the 1950 cover I felt most likely to embarrass you should you be seen carrying it around town as you pursued your regular duties driving a cab or selling ties.  Goggle at these allegedly shameful covers below.

Some of the 1950 issues of Amazing have emblazoned on their covers such a legend as "Today's Fiction Can Be Tomorrow's Fact!" or, more succinctly, "Today's Fiction--Tomorrow's Fact!", the earnestness of which might be considered juvenile and thus embarrassing.  Many of Amazing's covers for the year under review feature attractive young ladies showing off their chests as they fly through space, dance before a giant face, lead an army of robots into battle, or just appear out of nowhere to the amazement of present-day construction workers, all of which have the potential to embarrass.  However, I am choosing as the most embarrassing cover of a 1950 Amazing that of the March issue, which shows what I assume is a metaphorical image of a man made of fire who has the hindquarters of a rocket ship. The text "Earth Lay Helpless Before This Cosmic Killer" adds to the level of potential shame.


Compared to Amazing's sex-oriented covers, Astounding's 1950s covers are pretty sedate and serious.  As most embarrassing I'm selecting the humor cover of the June issue, which depicts a young man in a wacky getup suffering the frustrations we have all felt while dealing with computers.  We just read the Robinson story from that issue.

With Fantastic Adventures we return to the world of sexy babes--I think every one of the magazine's twelve 1950 covers features a fetching lass, and more power to them, I say!  Of course, I'm sitting in my secret lair admiring these things, not carrying them on the subway or down the boulevard.  Our three candidates for most embarrassing are the comedy cover featuring a bum and a rube along with the sexy girl (who is holding a fizzing bomb), the cover in which the sexy girl is in the jaws of a drooling King Kong-sized canine, and our winner, in which the sexy girl looks naked at first glance and is apparently in communication with the disembodied head of a leering devil.


F&SF's covers for 1950 are pretty bad, one below-average Chesley Bonestell rocket ship cover and three faux-sophisticated covers featuring muted colors and distorted figures that I guess are supposed to be whimsical.  All four of these are so nondescript and boring they wouldn't embarrass you because nobody would even notice them--they are like white noise, your gaze just slides right off them.  I'm going with the cover presenting headless figures dancing as the most embarrassing--I say, one of these cavorting tumblers sports four feet, and his compatriot has four hands!  My word, how droll!   

There were four issues of Planet Stories printed in 1950.  The November issue's cover is too cluttered and hard to read at a glance to be embarrassing.  The Fall cover is a legitimate thing of beauty (we read four stories from it a year ago), and the Summer cover is solid, if routine.  I guess the Spring cover, while not particularly embarrassing, is the most embarrassing, its subject a couple inexplicably flying through space, the woman almost expressionless and carrying a glowing sphere.

We read "The Voice of the Lobster" and Leigh Brackett's "The Dancing Girl of Ganymede"
in 2020 and enjoyed them.

Thrilling Wonder put out six issues in 1950. All six covers seek to woo customers with bare female flesh, but the most embarrassing of them is the bondage-themed February image; the attire of the villains is silly, and the facial expression of every individual depicted is sort of disturbing. The name of the Henry Kuttner story on the cover, "The Voice of the Lobster" is also kind of ridiculous.  I wouldn't want to be seen with this one.

Of Weird Tales' six 1950 issues the most potentially embarrassing has to be the March issue, which shows a big bold unmissable portrait of a bloody maniac with oversized hands, a pin head, and lots and lots of hair. Adding to the insanity are the phrase "When the Rats Take over!" and the story title "Home to Mother."  I think this cover may not only be the most embarrassing from 1950 WT, but the most embarrassing SF cover of any magazine from that year!  Anybody seeing you carrying this around while you are schlepping groceries, or reading it while slouching in your cab between fares, is going to wonder if maybe you aren't a little off!

Wednesday, September 14, 2022

Frank M. Robinson: "The Maze," "Situation Thirty," and "Untitled Story"

Frank M. Robinson's name came before my eyes recently when I read Harlan Ellison's collection Gentleman Junkie and when I spotted at Wonder Book in Frederick, MD one of the thrillers he co-wrote with Thomas N. Scortia.  Robinson had a wide-ranging career, inside and outside SF, including authoring in 1999 one of those glossy pictorial histories of SF that in 1977 Christopher Priest told us he detests.  (You can read Robinson's Science Fiction of the 20th Century at the internet archive, and Priest's attack on the genre of "slickly printed, glossily jacketed, mass-produced book[s]" that cater to "codswallop-chic: the trendy middle-class taste for nostalgic ephemera" in general and David Kyle's contribution, A Pictorial History of Science Fiction, in particular in Maya 12 & 13 at the link to fanac.org.)  I don't think I have ever read any fiction by Robinson, so let's sample some of his earliest published SF work, three stories that appeared in 1950 and 1951 in Astounding, the magazine to which Robinson's history devotes an entire chapter titled "Astounding: The Class Act."

"The Maze" (1950)

This is one of those switcheroo stories, and also one of those stories about a guy with false memories, the twist ending of which undoes much of what went before.

Our narrator lives on the Terran colony on Venus, where it is so hot everybody wears shorts all the time and sweats constantly.  (Air conditioning was well known by 1950, so its absence is an odd oversight or a deliberate choice of Robinson's, a sign the story may be a farcical satire.)  He works as a PR guy for the colony, coming up with ways to convince Terrans to come to this planet of bad weather and constant danger.  One source of danger is the colonists' crazy laws and customs; for example, you are allowed to murder a guy if you declare your intention to do so--you have 30 days to kill him before it will again be illegal to do so, and, of course, he is allowed to kill you first, if he can.

After a mysterious frame section in italics, the plot proper begins as a long flashback.  The narrator has a girlfriend, and a rich guy named Kennedy wants her, so the big K announces his intention to terminate our hero.  With his money, Kennedy can afford all manner of weapons and surveillance and can hire innumerable assassins and spies, so PR boy has no chance of outfighting him.  He decides to go hide with a friend who is doing research in the remote swamps; on the way out of the city and into the country our dude survives a number of attacks from Kennedy's hirelings.

The narrator's friend is doing research on the intelligence of some bipedal natives.  It is unclear how intelligent these Venusians are, and he has gotten grants to figure out if they should be legally considered animals or people.  As part of his testing, the scientist has been putting captive Venusians in a maze like you would rats, using their favorite food as an incentive (after starving them for a few days, naturally.)  But the results of the tests are inconclusive; instead of getting better and better at navigating the maze, the natives seem to get bored with the maze after solving it once, regardless of how hungry they are.

The big surprise ending is that the Venusians are much smarter than humans and have pulled a switcheroo on the narrator and the scientist--in the period covered by the italicized frame portions fo the story, the PR guy and the scientist are captives of the natives, who are now giving them intelligence tests.  The narrator is not really being pursued by the agents of Kennedy--the narrator is in a cage much like the cage the scientist put the Venusians in, and the scenario of being marked for murder by Kennedy, and the series of attacks on him, are being fed into his mind as a sort of illusion or dream, knitted almost seamlessly with his memories of his mundane real life visit to his friend out in the swamps.  Every time one of these false memory dreams ends the scientist has to explain to him again that the Kennedy murder caper is not real, but being imprisoned by the natives is all too real.  So far the PR guy has passed all the tests by figuring out how to survive the illusory attacks.  But will he continue to pass the tests?  And if he should fail a test and get killed in his mind, will that drive him insane?   

An acceptable story that moves briskly and is entertaining enough as it proceeds.  It seems to pursue several themes we have seen in SF stories we have read in the past, stories we might classify as left-wing or anti-Western or misanthropic; I refer to Robinson's portrayals of advertisers as a bunch of liars, the common people as a bunch of dopes, colonization of other planets as a folly committed by a bunch of merciless imperialist exploiters who abuse both human dupes and noble natives who live in harmony with nature and are in fact our betters, even though they don't seem to have any property or technology.

"The Maze" would be included in the 1981 Robinson collection A Life in the Day of... and before that appeared in French and Italian anthologies.  Mamma mia!

"Situation Thirty" (1951)

This is a classic style SF story with space navies, space empires, mass death, and a hero who solves the problem presented by the plot with intelligence, knowledge of science, and trickery.  It is pretty good.

A Terran Space Navy fleet enters a new system and is ambushed, with the result that the entire fleet except a destroyer is wiped out, and that small ship is crippled, its weapons and engines and most of its electronics out of commission.  The alien fleet departs, leaving behind a single battleship, a warship far larger than the surviving Terran ship.  The battleship tries to communicate with the Terrans, and finally hits upon a signaling system based on the language of a civilization both species have encountered in the past, a signaling system based on flashing lights in various color patterns.  They demand the Terrans' surrender.

Terran naval officers are conditioned to be incapable of surrender, or even considering defeat.  Terrans must fight to the death!  So the top surviving officer on the little vessel is psychologically compelled to fight on, whatever way he can.  This guy is a psychologist, and is able to figure out a bunch of stuff about the aliens based on their behavior.  He deduces that the aliens who ambushed the Terran fleet are biologically and culturally very similar to us humans, and we readers know he is right because like half the story is set on the alien ship.  The officer devises a scheme that takes advantage of his knowledge of human psychology.  He has a hand-sized cube of metal, perfectly harmless, sent over to the aliens.  He is confident that the aliens will be flummoxed by this cube, fearing it is a trap and so worried by it that they will let the Terrans go, or even surrender to them.

The plan more or less succeeds, but Robinson still gives us a twist ending that sees the psychologist hoist by his own petard; luckily, an old-fashioned spaceman who is skeptical of all this psychology stuff and who has not been conditioned steps in and picks up where the psychologist left off, ensuring the Earthers survive this adventure.  I guess Robinson wants us to know that, however awesome science may be, it has its limits. 

I like it.  "Situation Thirty" would be reprinted in Gordon R. Dickson's Combat SF.  

"Untitled Story" (1951)    

"Untitled Story" is pretty long story (isfdb calls it a novella) that has a lot in common with hard boiled detective stories and with van Vogt tales of a guy becoming aware that the universe is secretly under the control of warring elites with super technology, and it has a sense of wonder ending.  It seems like this is a rare Robinson story, never reprinted after being published in Astounding.  It was, however, adapted for use on the radio program Dimension X, which fact is advertised in the issue of Astounding in which it appeared.

Our hero is a private detective in the 20th century, and he is hired by the corrupt mayor of Chicago to investigate an oddball who sold the mayor a potion that the weirdo promised would cure the politician's  inoperative cancer and even offer him tremendous longevity.  The mayor hasn't drunk the elixir because he received a mysterious phone call that warned him it was a deadly poison; he gives the PI the vial of fluid to aid him in his investigation.

The private dick realizes that the mayor's sexalicious blonde secretary was listening in on his convo with His Honor, so when bizarre futuristic death traps almost kill him--and succeed in killing his dog!--he figures blondie tipped off somebody, probably somebody connected to the elixir salesman!  There follow many plot twists, additional minor characters, and many scenes of chases and of violence--people get captured, people get killed.  The detective gets drugged and hypnotized and works for one side at one point and the other side at another point, and is fed all kinds of lies by all kinds of people.  The detective actually gets killed at one point, and, like his dog, comes back to life (sort of.)  Robinson does a good job with the strange technology and the action scenes--this story is pretty entertaining.

Eventually the amazing truth is revealed.  It turns out the 20th century is often visited by time travelers from the distant future, when people have lifespans of 1,000 years or more.  These chrononauts are like students who disguise themselves as natives to learn about ancient life by living among us doing mundane jobs for a few years at a time.  The blonde secretary is one such time traveler; on other trips to the past she has been an Egyptian priestess in the time of the pharaohs, for example.  These students are severely enjoined to not let natives learn about the reality of time travel--natives who do so are to be killed to hide the secret!

The elixir salesman is another time traveler, the leader of a proscribed political party.  He came back to 1950s Chi-town to save the corrupt Chicago mayor from cancer so the mayor would continue in office and affect politics in such a way that it would pave the way for elixir guy's party to come out on top many centuries from now.  The secretary and her fellow time travelers are trying to stop this guy (they made that mysterious  phone call to the mayor, for example), and the detective has become mixed up in their struggle, each side at one point or another manipulating him to aid them or just trying to kill him.  As I mentioned, he is actually killed, but a time traveler just goes back in time to make sure he escapes the event that slew him; a similar stratagem also brings the dog back to life.  Of course, pulling such shenanigans creates new branches in the time stream or whatever they call it in this story, and risks throwing history out of whack in unexpected ways. 

To make a long story short, the detective and the blonde fall in love, they defeat the elixir salesman by chasing him back in time to the age before the rise of life on Earth, where the detective and he wrestle to the death beside a pool of lava, and then our heroes are hauled before the court of the time police of the future because they have changed history with their reckless adventures.  The blonde is forbidden from ever travelling through time again, and she elects to stay with the detective in the 20th century.  But wait, isn't she going to live another 975 or so years while he only has another 50 or 60 years to go, maybe 70 if he is really conscientious about eating his vegetables?  Oh, don't you worry about these love birds!  Before anybody can stop him, the PI drinks from that vial, which he has kept with him intact through all kinds of fights and accidents.  Now he and the blonde can live together from 195X to 295X, observing all the exciting political and technological and social changes that will take place!  The dream of every Astounding reader!

This is a good story; Robinson handles all that stuff I sometimes talk about, like style and pacing, quite well, and the detective jazz and the SF gadgets are all fun.  I'm a little surprised this story hasn't been reprinted; maybe its length makes it hard to fit in anthologies, or maybe my taste doesn't match that of most editors and/or most readers?  Well, "Untitled Story" gets a thumbs up from me.

**********

I liked these stories more than I thought I might; they are just the sort of stories you expect to read in Astounding, "The Maze" done to an acceptable standard and "Situation Thirty" and "Untitled Story" done quite well.  I think I'll dig up some more Robinson stories from 1950s magazines available at the internet archive for the next episode of MPorcius Fiction Log!       

Tuesday, September 6, 2022

Harlan Ellison: "High Dice," "Enter the Fanatic, Stage Center," "No Fourth Commandment" and "The Night of Delicate Terrors"

It is time to put Harlan Ellison's 1961 collection Gentleman Junkie and Other Stories of the Hung-Up Generation behind us by reading the four remaining stories.  I had been thinking I had five left to read, but that is because I had forgotten I had read "The Late, Great Arnie Draper" in another publication like a year ago.  Oops.  

"The Late, Great Arnie Draper" (1961)

I read "The Late, Great Arnie Draper," which first appeared here in Gentleman Junkie, in a scan of a 1967 issue of the men's magazine Adam and blogged about it in 2021.  Interestingly, there is a mistake on the Harlan Ellison website, which suggests "The Late, Great Arnie Draper" debuted in a 1961 issue of Adam.  See, we all make mistakes!

"High Dice" (1961)

Another story that made its initial appearance in Gentleman Junkie.  It would be reprinted in the men's magazine Knight in 1964, which promoted it on its cover with the description, "Fantastic World of Black Hate and Dope."  Sounds controversial! 

"High Dice" takes place in the restroom of a crappy restaurant!  The restaurant's cook is Kurt, a big muscular black guy who carries a "gravity knife," cheats on his wife, and loves to gamble.  Kurt is not a very good cook, but the boss is too scared of him to fire him and if a customer should complain about his cooking, Kurt beats said customer up.  Talk about customer service!  Look out, Karens, this guy Kurt is having none of your lip!

"High Dice" is all about the end of Kurt's reign of terror!  Our narrator is an unlikely ogre slayer, Teddy, a college student and drug addict.  Teddy needs "a fix" bad, is having all sorts of horrible withdrawal pains (these withdrawal pains are a recurring feature of Gentleman Junkie, I'm glad I'm a square and have no experiences like those described in this collection, because they sound terrible.)  Teddy's dealer is asking thirty-five dollars for a hit, but Teddy has only twenty-five bucks to his name.  So, Teddy and the dealer met in this crummy restaurant so Teddy could ask Kurt for the ten bucks the cook owes him.  Kurt ushered Teddy into the filthy restroom, and the dealer sat down to drink a chocolate Coke and wait.

(I would like to see a recipe for these chocolate Cokes people in Gentleman Junkie drink--this is a Gentleman Junkie experience I think I might enjoy.  Should I just start putting my Ovaltine in Coca-Cola instead of in milk?)

Instead of just forking it over like a gentleman, Kurt insists that Teddy give him a chance to win that ten dollars back, and so on the floor of a disgusting restroom they play craps and a game called "high dice" which is when you each roll a die and high roller wins.  Kurt may be famous for cheating, but somehow Teddy wins again and again, and each time Kurt demands a rematch ("Come on, throw, double mah bet,") and if Teddy resists this demand Kurt just hits him.  Teddy figures Kurt hates all white people and refuses to allow a white person to beat him, and has no money on him and is just going to browbeat Teddy into playing until he has won whatever money Teddy has on him. 

Teddy suffers increasingly severe withdrawal pains and starts crying, while Kurt gets increasingly violent as Teddy wins throw after throw.  Things climax when Teddy vomits and some of the vomit gets on Kurt.  Kurt starts cutting Teddy with his gravity knife, but there is a "line wrench" in the restroom, and Teddy seizes it and beats Kurt to death, providing a welcome catharsis to those of us readers sitting in the anti-Kurt bleachers.  But Teddy doesn't expect that the world will thank him for liberating the neighborhood from Kurt's physical, financial and culinary abuse; he figures he is going to get thrown in prison or the funny farm, and, even worse, his dealer will be spooked by the arrival of the cops and he'll be that much further from getting the fix he needs.  

I like this one, despite (because of?) how sickening it is, what with Ellison describing in detail the dirty restroom and the vomit and all that.  My copy of Gentleman Junkie has a list of controversial topics on the cover, and one is "Negro Prejudice;" maybe that refers to Kurt's hatred of the white man, a bad attitude that leads him to his doom.

"Enter the Fanatic, Stage Center" (1961)

Like "The Late, Great Arnie Draper" and "High Dice," "Enter the Fanatic, Stage Center" debuted here in Gentleman Junkie and would be reprinted in a men's magazine, in this case a 1966 issue of Adam.  That issue of Adam actually reprinted two Ellison stories; the other, 1956's "Both Ends of the Candle," appeared in the 1966 magazine under a pen name.  (It seems weird to publish a story in a book with your name plastered on the front of it, and then publish the story again in a nudie magazine under a pseudonym, but I guess life is weird.)  In 1970 "Enter the Fanatic, Stage Center" appeared again in a collection put out by our friends at Belmont, Over the Edge.   

"Enter the Fanatic, Stage Center" is a gimmicky filler story that I thought was sort of inconclusive and lacked focus.  Issuing a negative judgement on this one.

A man with a beard comes to Prince, a town where nobody wears a beard.  The stranger is an artist, and opens an art gallery where he shows his paintings in the shop window.  These paintings reveal the dark secrets of the members of the community--this guy is an adulterer, that guy is biracial ("half-Negro,") these women are lesbians, the town beggar is secretly rich, that guy is impotent and leaves his wife unsatisfied, etc.  These revelations lead to people losing their jobs, marriages collapsing, and violence, wrecking the previously orderly community.  When somebody confronts the painter, the town wrecker says that he is the son of a German couple murdered by a mob during the war in a fit of anti-German hysteria.  But then admits that is a lie.  It is hinted that this bearded troublemaker is the Devil or a servant of Satan, but he also says "I am quite as human as you."  The painter then murders his interlocutor, and then he leaves town, apparently to go destabilize some other town.

I guess this story is an expose of the hypocrisy and bigotry of small towns and religious people (the first scene features everybody coming out of church on Sunday, and the guy who confronts the painter in the final scene is a minister) but references to a poor section of town and to the painter taking "long, late night walks in obscure parts of town" make Prince feel like kind of a big place.  I also thought it felt out of place for the painter to just blow away the minister in the end; he destroys the town in a way that is meant to be clever and expose people's self-destructive tendencies, but just blasting a guy with a gun is neither clever nor emblematic of the blastee's shortcomings.  So the point of the story is a little muddy, and the characters and plot are not powerfully drawn but sort of vague; also the story feels long and tedious.  Not good.

Finding "Enter the Fanatic, Stage Center" kind of limp and diffuse, I was a little surprised to learn it was the basis of a story in the 1995 Harlan Ellison comic book, Dream Corridor.  (The great tarbandu just recently blogged about Dream Corridor.)  This comic is available to read online for free (probably illegally, but I'm no lawyer) so I checked it out.  In the framing device page before the story proper begins, Ellison tells us "Enter the Fanatic, Stage Center" is one of his "personal favorites," and that it was inspired by William Faulkner's "The Ears of Johnny Bear."  (Ellison also suggests that what I have called "muddy" and "inconclusive" is in fact "enigmatic."  Life is all about spin.)  The comic version of "EF,SC" is revised a little: the black boys who beat somebody up are now white, and the murdered German couple are explicitly described as "immigrants;" in the 1961 story the word "immigrant" isn't used, though maybe you are expected to assume they are immigrants?


"No Fourth Commandment" (1956)

This one debuted as "Wandering Killer" in a magazine called Murder! that it seems only endured for five issues.  There's Harlan's name right there on the cover of the second issue, on the thigh of some poor woman suffering some dreadful abuse.  In 1971, men who went to the magazine rack in their tireless quest for images of naked ladies had the opportunity to read "No Fourth Commandment" as a bonus after they had, er, taken care of business, as the tale was republished in Pix ("Magazine for Men Who Like Action!") under the pen name Jay Solo.

Our narrator is an itinerant farm laborer, picking a field of strawberries in Louisiana.  Picking alongside him is a teenaged boy whom we are told looks lean and hungry.  The narrator, who I suppose is middle-aged, takes a liking to this kid, even though he seems like he is about to explode and says stuff like that he is going to kill his father.

Eventually the boy explains that his father returned from the war in Europe with a German wife, even though his American wife, the kid's mother, was still alive.  The mother was so broken up she repeatedly tried to destroy herself.  Dad abandoned them, and now the son is crisscrossing the country, doing odd jobs, searching for his faithless father so he can murder him.

Eventually the horrible truth comes to light.  The boy has already killed his father, and is totally insane, travelling around, killing men he finds almost at random that in his delusions he sees as his "Paw," immediately forgetting his murders and so thinking he still has to find and kill his father.  He has already been caught by the police twice, and escaped twice.  As the story ends, after the narrator has watched his little buddy chop up an innocent man with a scythe, the police have captured him again.

This story felt long and repetitive, as Ellison describes the kid's eyes and body and affect again and again, and the narrator tells us again and again that he is lonely and likes the kid and so forth.  I guess the story is about loneliness and how love is irrational and can lead us to do stupid and even dangerous things, which is a good theme, but I was not moved, and in fact was rushing to finish this story, not caring a whit about who got killed or didn't get killed.

Thumbs down.

(It sounds to me like a better story could have been written about the German wife, who leaves war-torn Europe to learn she has married a guy who already has a wife and then sees her husband get massacred and is thus left alone in an alien land.)

On the right, 1979 French edition of Gentleman Junkie, volume 2 of 
Les Humaoides Associes' Harlan Ellison: Oeuvres, the cover of which 
reliably makes me laugh 

"The Night of Delicate Terrors" (1961)

"The Night of Delicate Terrors" debuted in The Paper: A Chicago Weekly and would be reprinted in a number of Ellison collections including Love Ain't Nothing But Sex Misspelled and The Essential Ellison.  The Harlan Ellison website suggests that "The Night of Delicate Terrors" also appears in From the Land of Fear but when I dug out my copy from the shelf I couldn't find it in there.  Looking on the sunny side, in my search I did discover that I actually own a paperback copy of Over the Edge, not the edition with the Dillons cover, but the 1972 printing with the Bob Foster cover, something I had forgotten.  Over the Edge is dedicated to Hugo-award-winning cartoonist and pornographer William Rotsler, and includes a Rotsler cartoon, something all you Rotsler completists will want to be aware of.

Alright, back to "The Night of Delicate Terrors," a candidate for best story in this book.  A Northern-born African-American man, apparently some kind of civil rights activist with a position of mid-level authority in a national group, is driving with his family to Chicago from Georgia in a snowstorm that has slowed traffic to a crawl and left many tractor trailers jack-knifed and many passenger cars in the ditch.  Tired and hungry, they are desperate for a restaurant or motel to stop at, but they don't know of any establishments here in Kentucky that serve black customers.  They go into a place and are angrily rejected by the ugly white staff.  The big reveal at the end is that the protagonist's organization is calling for an uprising or a revolutionary war or something of that nature ("so many would be killed, so many, many, many who were innocent") and he, a man of peace, has been skeptical of this radical expedient, but his experience in the restaurant with the ugly white people ("thick neck supporting a crew-cut head...like some off-color, fleshy burr on the end of a toadstool stem") has convinced him of the rightness of setting off the cataclysm.

Ellison does a good job describing the experience of driving in a snowstorm, and generates tension as the black family enters the white establishment hoping to be treated decently but expecting to be abused; "The Night of Delicate Terrors" is pretty good.

**********

Time to mark our Gentleman Junkie scorecard!  Each story gets one of three marks: Good, Acceptable, or Not Good.  I am counting the four components of "May We Also Speak?" each as an individual story.

Adding up the results, we see 11 Good marks, 5 Not Good marks, and 9 Acceptable marks, for a net total of 6 points.  This book is better than I expected, as I feared the stories on "controversial issues" would be just harangues or manipulative slosh, but Ellison actually tries to make the plots of his stories about racism and other touchy issues surprising and to populate them with characters that are actually interesting, and sometimes he succeeds.

Sounds like this collection deserves a recommendation!  Head on over to Amazon or Ebay and get your copy, but don't expect to pay the low low price I paid for mine at Second Story Books!    

**********

Ohmigosh, we almost forgot to read Ellison's preface and Frank M. Robinson's intro to Gentleman Junkie

Gentleman Junkie is dedicated to Robinson, writer of stories for Astounding and Galaxy, a column for Playboy and speeches for Harvey Milk, editor of Rogue and Cavalier, novelist and inductee to the Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame.  In his Introduction, Robinson returns the favor, gushing about how great Ellison is; worse, he engages in some embarrassing snobbery about how writers are a special breed, how they are better than most people, how they have talent other people don't and have suffered agonies other people haven't and make sacrifices other people don't and have an empathy other people don't and all that garbage.  I am so glad I read this after reading all the stories, because it would have put me in a bad mood and left me primed to find fault with the stories!

In his Preface, Ellison advances his theory that there are four types of people in the world, and gives examples of each type from the stories here in Gentleman Junkie.  The fourth category of person is "Those Who are Hung-up," and Ellison explains that these people cannot "get a handle on Life," apparently quoting some other writer whom he doesn't name.  The "Hung-Up Ones" have been "boxed-in by Life," they are desperate, they are "hamstrung" by "neuroses" or their own poor decisions.  I guess Ellison thinks there are more such people in the middle of the 20th century than there were in earlier times.    

It seems that our pal Harlan believes the world is in real trouble, that the current time (this preface is dated March, 1961) is uniquely corrupt, that the people of his age--"our Decade In Degeneration" characterized by its "Crap-Game Culture"---have loose morals, that they are following false values and false gods, like listening to rock and roll, which is not real music, and reading confession magazines, which is just "keyhole-peeping."  Ellison is frightened for the human race!

(The attack on rock music is amusing because Ellison would eventually graduate to wishing death on people who don't like rock music, as we saw when we read the introduction to The Beast That Shouted Love at the Heart of the World back in the early days of this blog.  The fanaticism of the convert!)

Let's pretend we didn't read these two overwrought and fundamentally lame pieces of introductory material and leave Gentleman Junkie and Other Stories of the Hung-Up Generation with the good feelings we had when we finished "The Night of Delicate Terrors," shall we?