WO2024261870A1 - リチウム2次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム2次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024261870A1 WO2024261870A1 PCT/JP2023/022782 JP2023022782W WO2024261870A1 WO 2024261870 A1 WO2024261870 A1 WO 2024261870A1 JP 2023022782 W JP2023022782 W JP 2023022782W WO 2024261870 A1 WO2024261870 A1 WO 2024261870A1
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- negative electrode
- secondary battery
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- lithium secondary
- electrode tab
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a lithium secondary battery.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that the safety of battery cells is improved by using a current collector in which metal layers are formed on both sides of a resin film. The front and back of the resin film are separated by an insulating resin layer, and electrical conduction is not possible. Therefore, when connecting the electrode film to an electrode tab for drawing out wiring, conduction is not possible between the front and back of the electrode, or between multiple electrodes and the electrode tabs.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that the current collector is folded multiple times and laminated on each metal layer in order to connect each metal layer separated by a resin layer to the electrode tab for drawing out wiring.
- This disclosure provides technology that suppresses the decline in output characteristics and productivity of lithium secondary batteries.
- a lithium secondary battery in one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, includes a laminate in which positive electrodes and negative electrodes are stacked in a stacking direction with a separator interposed therebetween, one of the positive and negative electrodes including a first current collector formed by sandwiching a resin layer between a pair of conductive layers, the first current collector having a first end extending in a first direction different from the stacking direction; a first electrode tab electrically connected to the first end, the first electrode tab including a first bonding mark formed by bonding with the first end and a first insulating portion that is arranged spaced apart in the first direction from the first bonding mark and is covered with an insulating material; and a sealed container having a sealing portion, the sealed container being configured to enclose the laminate inside the sealing portion while sandwiching the first insulating portion of the first electrode tab in the sealing portion to take out a part of the first electrode tab to the outside of the sealed container.
- a technology can be provided that suppresses the deterioration of the output characteristics and productivity of lithium secondary batteries.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view for explaining a configuration example of a secondary battery 1.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view for explaining a configuration example of a laminate ST.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a negative electrode 10.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a positive electrode 30.
- 13 is a diagram for explaining the joining state of the negative electrode tab 40, the negative electrode end P, and the metal sheet M1.
- FIG. A diagram showing a cross section of a first bonding mark W1. 1 is a flow chart showing an example of the present manufacturing method.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining process ST1.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining process ST1.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining step ST2.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining step ST2.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining step ST2.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining step ST2.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining step ST2.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining step ST3.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another example of the negative electrode 10.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another example of the negative electrode 10.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another example of the negative electrode 10.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another example of the positive electrode 30.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating another example of lamination of the negative electrode 10.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating another example of lamination of the negative electrode 10.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of Experiment 1. This is an example of the case where metal material protruded in Experiment 1. This is an example of a case in which there was no protrusion of metal material in Experiment 1.
- FIG. 13 shows the results of Experiment 2.
- a lithium secondary battery in one exemplary embodiment, includes a laminate in which positive electrodes and negative electrodes are stacked in a stacking direction with separators between, one of the positive and negative electrodes including a first current collector formed by sandwiching a resin layer between a pair of conductive layers, the first current collector having a first end extending in a first direction different from the stacking direction; a first electrode tab electrically connected to the first end, the first electrode tab including a first bonding mark formed by bonding with the first end and a first insulating portion that is arranged spaced apart in the first direction from the first bonding mark and is covered with an insulating material; and a sealed container having a sealing portion, the sealed container being configured to enclose the laminate inside the sealing portion while sandwiching the first insulating portion of the first electrode tab in the sealing portion to take out a part of the first electrode tab to the outside of the sealed container.
- the first joining mark at the first end is located at least 2 mm inward from the outer edge of the first end in the first direction.
- the first joining mark at the first end is located at least 2.5 mm inward from the outer edge of the first end in the first direction.
- X is 10 or greater.
- the first joining mark is a welding mark.
- the first bonding mark includes a region where a pair of conductive layers are integrated together in a cross section in the stacking direction.
- the first end and the first electrode tab are joined to each other via a metal sheet.
- the first joining mark is a welding mark.
- the first bonding mark includes an area where a pair of conductive layers and a metal sheet are integrated in a cross section in the stacking direction.
- the first end has a preliminary joining mark formed by joining to a metal sheet, and the preliminary joining mark is provided at a different position from the first joining mark when viewed from the stacking direction.
- the first current collector is a negative electrode current collector of a negative electrode
- the first electrode tab is a negative electrode tab connected to the negative electrode current collector.
- the sealed container is constructed from an aluminum laminate film.
- the other of the positive and negative electrodes includes a second current collector formed by sandwiching a resin layer between a pair of conductive layers, and the second current collector has a second end extending in a second direction different from the stacking direction.
- the second electrode tab is further provided so as to be electrically connected to the second end of the second current collector, and the second electrode tab includes a second bonding mark formed by bonding to the second end and a second insulating portion that is arranged at a distance in the second direction from the second bonding mark and is covered with an insulating material, and the sealed container is configured so as to sandwich the second insulating portion of the second electrode tab in the seal portion and to take out a portion of the second electrode tab to the outside of the sealed container.
- the first direction and the second direction are the same direction.
- the first direction and the second direction are different directions.
- Patent Document 2 proposes folding the current collector multiple times and stacking it on each metal layer in order to connect each metal layer separated by a resin layer to an electrode tab for drawing out wiring.
- this method requires a new device mechanism for stacking while folding back the end of the current collector for each metal layer.
- the end of the current collector must be folded back in conjunction with the stacking, which significantly reduces productivity.
- a lithium secondary battery 1 (hereinafter also referred to as "secondary battery 1") according to one embodiment can solve these problems.
- Fig. 1 is a plan view for explaining a configuration example of a secondary battery 1.
- the secondary battery 1 includes a sealed container 100, a laminate ST, a negative electrode tab 40, and a positive electrode tab 42.
- the laminate ST is formed by laminating a plurality of positive electrodes and negative electrodes in a lamination direction (z direction in Fig. 1) with separators interposed therebetween.
- the sealed container 100 includes a sealing portion 102 and a storage portion 104.
- the sealing portion 102 is provided along the entire outer periphery of the sealed container 100 and isolates the storage portion 104 from the outside of the sealed container 100.
- the sealed container 100 is configured to sandwich the insulating portion 40B of the negative electrode tab 40 in the seal portion 102 while the other end 40C of the negative electrode tab 40 is taken out to the outside of the sealed container 100.
- the sealed container 100 is configured to sandwich the insulating portion 42B of the positive electrode tab 42 in the seal portion 102 while the other end 42C of the positive electrode tab 42 is taken out to the outside of the sealed container 100.
- the storage section 104 of the sealed container 100 provides a sealed space for storing the laminate ST.
- the sealed container 100 may be constructed by overlapping a pair of sheet members on top of each other and bonding them around their periphery.
- the sheet members may be constructed of multiple layers, and may be, for example, an aluminum laminate film.
- the negative electrode tab 40 is electrically connected to the negative electrode end P of each negative electrode of the laminate ST.
- the negative electrode tab 40 is a strip extending in a first direction (x direction in FIG. 1) different from the stacking direction of the laminate ST.
- the negative electrode tab 40 may have one end 40A, an insulating portion 40B, and the other end 40C along the first direction.
- the one end 40A is joined to the negative electrode end P of each negative electrode of the laminate ST, and a first joining mark W1 is formed by this joining.
- the first joining mark W1 may be one or more points (spots), or may be a continuous line or surface.
- the insulating portion 40B is covered with an insulating material IL, such as a sealant film.
- the insulating portion 40B is provided at a distance of a predetermined distance or more in the first direction from the first joining mark W1.
- the other end portion 40C extends in the first direction from the insulating portion 40B and is disposed outside the sealed container 100.
- the other end portion 40C may be connected to an external circuit.
- the negative electrode tab 40 may be made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Ti, Fe, and other metals that do not react with Li, and alloys thereof, and stainless steel (SUS).
- the positive electrode tab 42 is electrically connected to the positive electrode end Q of each positive electrode of the laminate ST.
- the positive electrode tab 42 is a band-shaped body extending in a second direction different from the stacking direction of the laminate ST (in the example shown in FIG. 1, this is the x direction, which is the same as the first direction, but is not limited to this, and may be a direction different from the first direction, for example, a direction opposite to the first direction).
- the positive electrode tab 42 may have one end 42A, an insulating portion 42B, and another end 42C along the second direction.
- the one end 42A is joined to the positive electrode end Q of each positive electrode of the laminate ST, and a second joining mark W2 is formed by this joining.
- the second joining mark W2 may be one or more points (spots), or may be a continuous line or surface.
- the insulating portion 42B is covered with an insulating material IL, such as a sealant film.
- the insulating portion 42B is provided at a distance of a predetermined distance or more in the second direction from the second joining mark W2.
- the other end 42C extends in the first direction from the insulating portion 42B and is disposed outside the sealed container 100. The other end 42C may be connected to an external circuit.
- the positive electrode tab 42 may be made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, stainless steel, nickel, and alloys thereof.
- the laminate ST is placed in the sealed space of the storage section 104.
- the laminate ST may be placed in the sealed container 100 together with an electrolyte.
- the electrolyte is a liquid containing a solvent and an electrolyte, and acts as a conductive path for lithium ions.
- the electrolyte may be impregnated into the separator of the laminate ST, or may be held in a polymer to form a polymer electrolyte or a gel electrolyte.
- Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view for explaining an example of the configuration of the laminate ST.
- the laminate ST is formed by stacking multiple negative electrodes 10 and positive electrodes 30 alternately in the stacking direction (z direction in Fig. 2) with separators 20 interposed therebetween.
- each of the multiple negative electrodes 10 may be formed from a single flat sheet.
- each of the multiple positive electrodes 30 may be formed from a single flat sheet. Note that the multiple negative electrodes 10 and/or multiple positive electrodes 30 may be formed as a whole by folding or rolling a single flat sheet (an example of such an embodiment will be described later with reference to Figs. 13 and 14).
- the number of stacked positive electrodes and negative electrodes in the laminate ST may be 5 or more, 10 or more, or 20 or more, respectively. In one embodiment, the number of stacked positive electrodes and negative electrodes in the laminate ST may be 50 or less, 40 or less, or 30 or less, respectively.
- the number of stacked positive electrodes and negative electrodes in the laminate ST may be set appropriately depending on the energy density and rated capacity of the secondary battery 1.
- the energy density of the secondary battery 1 may be, for example, 300 Wh/kg or more.
- the rated capacity of the secondary battery 1 may be, for example, 1.5 Ah or more, or 5 Ah or more.
- the negative electrode tab 40 is arranged to be aligned in the stacking direction with the negative electrode end P of each negative electrode 10.
- the negative electrode tab 40 may be arranged above or below the negative electrode end P in the stacking direction.
- the negative electrode tab 40 may be arranged between a certain negative electrode end P and an adjacent negative electrode end P.
- the positive electrode tab 42 is arranged to be aligned in the stacking direction with the positive electrode end Q of each positive electrode 30.
- the positive electrode tab 42 may be arranged above or below the positive electrode end Q in the stacking direction.
- the positive electrode tab 42 may be arranged between a certain positive electrode end Q and an adjacent positive electrode end Q.
- the separator 20 is disposed between the negative electrode 10 and the positive electrode 30 in the stacking direction.
- the separator 20 physically and/or electrically isolates the negative electrode 10 and the positive electrode 30, while ensuring ionic conductivity of lithium ions.
- the separator 20 may be at least one selected from the group consisting of insulating porous members, polymer electrolytes, gel electrolytes, and inorganic solid electrolytes.
- the separator 20 may be made of one type of member alone, or may be made of a combination of two or more types of members.
- (Negative electrode 10) 3 is a perspective view showing an example of the negative electrode 10.
- the negative electrode 10 includes a negative electrode current collector 12 and a negative electrode active material layer 14 disposed on the negative electrode current collector 12.
- the negative electrode current collector 12 may be composed of a negative electrode insulating layer 120 and a pair of negative electrode conductive layers 122 arranged to sandwich the negative electrode insulating layer 120.
- the negative electrode insulating layer 120 may be composed of, for example, a sheet-shaped (film-shaped) or fibrous resin.
- the resin may be, for example, at least one of polyolefin resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene, and polypropylene, and thermoplastic resins such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyamide.
- the negative electrode insulating layer 120 may be composed of at least one of the resins laminated together.
- the negative electrode insulating layer 120 is formed from a material having a melting point of 150° C. or more and 300° C. or less.
- the thickness of the negative electrode insulating layer 120 may be 3 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, or may be 4 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less.
- the negative electrode conductive layer 122 is formed on both sides of the negative electrode insulating layer 120 so as to sandwich the negative electrode conductive layer 120.
- the negative electrode conductive layer 122 is in physical and/or electrical contact with the negative electrode active material layer 14 and functions to give and receive electrons to and from the negative electrode active material layer 14.
- the negative electrode conductive layer 122 is formed from at least one selected from the group consisting of metals that do not react with Cu, Ni, Ti, Fe, and Li, alloys thereof, and stainless steel.
- the "metal that does not react with Li” may be a metal that does not react with lithium ions or lithium metal to form an alloy in the operating state of the secondary battery 1.
- the negative electrode conductive layer 122 is Cu.
- the negative electrode conductive layer 122 is formed by vapor deposition, sputtering, electrolytic plating, or lamination of the above material on both surfaces of the negative electrode insulating layer 120.
- the thickness of the negative electrode conductive layer 122 may be 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less, 0.7 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less, or 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 2.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the negative electrode active material layer 14 may be disposed on both sides of the negative electrode current collector 12, or may be disposed on only one side of the negative electrode current collector 12.
- the negative electrode active material layer 14 includes a negative electrode active material that causes an electrode reaction, i.e., an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction, at the negative electrode.
- the negative electrode active material may include, for example, lithium metal and an alloy containing lithium metal, a carbon-based material, a metal oxide, and a metal that alloys with lithium and an alloy containing the metal.
- the carbon-based material may be, for example, graphene, graphite, hard carbon, carbon nanotubes, etc.
- the metal oxide may be, for example, a titanium oxide-based compound, a cobalt oxide-based compound, etc.
- the metal that alloys with lithium may be, for example, silicon, silicon oxide, germanium, tin, lead, aluminum, and gallium, and these may be pre-doped with lithium.
- the negative electrode collector 12 has a negative electrode end P.
- the negative electrode end P is configured as part of the negative electrode collector 12, extending from the side surface of the negative electrode collector 12 in a first direction (x direction in FIG. 3) different from the stacking direction.
- No negative electrode active material layer 14 is disposed on the negative electrode end P.
- a metal sheet M1 for the negative electrode may be provided on the negative electrode end P.
- the metal sheet M1 may be bonded to one side of the negative electrode end P as shown in FIG. 3, or may be bonded to both sides of the negative electrode end P.
- the metal sheet M1 may be provided only on the negative electrode end P of some of the negative electrodes 10, or may be provided on the negative electrode end P of all the negative electrodes 10.
- the metal sheet M1 may be made of the same material as the negative electrode conductive layer 122, and in one example, is Cu.
- the thickness of the metal sheet M1 may be 3 ⁇ m or more, 5 ⁇ m or more, or 7 ⁇ m or more. In one embodiment, the thickness of the metal sheet M1 may be 15 ⁇ m or less, 12 ⁇ m or less, or 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the metal sheet M1 and the negative electrode end P have a first joining mark W1 formed by joining with the negative electrode tab 40.
- the metal sheet M1 and the negative electrode end P may have a preliminary joining mark WP1 formed by joining the two.
- the preliminary joining mark WP1 is a joining mark formed when the metal sheet M1 and the negative electrode end P are joined (hereinafter also referred to as "preliminary joining") prior to joining with the negative electrode tab 40.
- the first joining mark W1 and the preliminary joining mark WP1 may be formed at different positions from each other when viewed from the stacking direction (z direction).
- the preliminary joining mark WP1 may be formed in a line shape along the negative electrode end P in one row or multiple rows, or may be formed in a multiple dot shape. Note that when the metal sheet M1, the negative electrode end P, and the negative electrode tab 40 are joined at one time without performing preliminary joining, only the first joining mark W1 is formed, and the preliminary joining mark WP1 is not formed.
- the first joining mark W1 and/or the preliminary joining mark WP1 may be a joining mark by welding, i.e., a welding mark.
- the welding may be, for example, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, resistance welding, or spot welding. In one example, the welding is ultrasonic welding.
- the metal sheet M1 and the negative electrode conductive layer 122 of the negative electrode end P may be integrated by being fused in part or in whole at the first joining mark W1 and/or the preliminary joining mark WP1 by heat or the like.
- (Positive electrode 30) 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the positive electrode 30.
- the positive electrode 30 includes a positive electrode current collector 32 and a positive electrode active material layer 34 disposed on the positive electrode current collector 32.
- the positive electrode collector 32 may be composed of a positive electrode insulating layer 320 and a pair of positive electrode conductive layers 322 arranged to sandwich the positive electrode insulating layer 320.
- the positive electrode insulating layer 320 may be made of, for example, a sheet-like (film-like) or fibrous resin.
- the resin may be, for example, at least one of polyolefin resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene, and polypropylene, and thermoplastic resins such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyamide.
- the positive electrode insulating layer 320 may be made of at least one of the resins laminated together.
- the positive electrode insulating layer 320 is made of a material having a melting point of 150° C. or more and 300° C. or less.
- the thickness of the positive electrode insulating layer 320 may be 3 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, or 4 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less.
- the positive electrode insulating layer 320 can function to melt in the event of abnormal heat generation due to overcharging or high temperature conditions, damaging the positive electrode 30 and cutting off the short-circuit current inside the battery. This can suppress a sudden increase in temperature inside the laminate ST when the secondary battery 1 is in use, and suppress the battery from catching fire. In other words, the positive electrode insulating layer 320 can contribute to improving the safety of the secondary battery 1.
- the positive electrode conductive layer 322 is formed on both sides of the positive electrode insulating layer 320 so as to sandwich the positive electrode conductive layer 320.
- the positive electrode conductive layer 322 is in physical and/or electrical contact with the positive electrode active material layer 34 and functions to give and receive electrons to and from the positive electrode active material layer 34.
- the positive electrode conductive layer 322 is made of a conductor that does not react with lithium ions in the secondary battery 1.
- the positive electrode conductive layer 322 is made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, stainless steel, nickel, and alloys thereof.
- the positive electrode conductive layer 322 is aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- the positive electrode conductive layer 322 is formed by vapor deposition, sputtering, electrolytic plating, or lamination of the above material on both surfaces of the positive electrode insulating layer 320.
- the thickness of the positive electrode conductive layer 322 may be 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less, 0.7 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less, or 0.8 ⁇ m or more and 2.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the positive electrode active material layer 34 may include a positive electrode active material for retaining lithium ions, and lithium ions are charged into and released from the positive electrode active material by charging and discharging the battery.
- the positive electrode active material may be a metal oxide or a metal phosphate.
- the metal oxide may be, for example, a cobalt oxide-based compound, a manganese oxide-based compound, or a nickel oxide-based compound.
- the metal phosphate may be, for example, an iron phosphate-based compound or a cobalt phosphate-based compound.
- the positive electrode active material may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the positive electrode active material layer 34 may include one or more components other than the positive electrode active material, such as a sacrificial positive electrode material, a gel electrolyte, a polymer electrolyte, a conductive assistant, and/or a binder.
- the positive electrode collector 32 has a positive electrode end Q.
- the positive electrode end Q is configured as part of the positive electrode collector 32, extending from the side surface of the positive electrode collector 32 in a second direction different from the stacking direction (in the example shown in FIG. 4, the x direction is the same as the first direction, but is not limited to this).
- No positive electrode active material layer 34 is disposed on the positive electrode end Q.
- a metal sheet M2 for the positive electrode may be provided on the positive electrode end Q.
- the metal sheet M2 may be bonded to one side of the positive electrode end Q as shown in FIG. 4, or may be bonded to both sides of the positive electrode end Q.
- the metal sheet M2 may be provided only on the positive electrode ends Q of some of the positive electrodes 30, or may be provided on the positive electrode ends Q of all of the positive electrodes 30.
- the metal sheet M2 is made of the same material as the positive electrode conductive layer 322.
- the metal sheet M2 is aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- the metal sheet M2 may be a hard aluminum foil or a soft aluminum foil.
- the soft aluminum foil may be formed by subjecting the hard aluminum foil to a high-temperature (around 400° C.) heat treatment.
- the thickness of the metal sheet M2 may be 3 ⁇ m or more, 5 ⁇ m or more, or 7 ⁇ m or more. In one embodiment, the thickness of the metal sheet M2 may be 15 ⁇ m or less, 12 ⁇ m or less, or 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the metal sheet M2 and the positive electrode end Q have a second joining mark W2 formed by joining with the positive electrode tab 42.
- the metal sheet M2 and the positive electrode end Q may have a preliminary joining mark WP2 formed by joining the two.
- the preliminary joining mark WP2 is a joining mark formed when the metal sheet M2 and the positive electrode end Q are joined prior to joining with the positive electrode tab 42.
- the second joining mark W2 and the preliminary joining mark WP2 may be formed at different positions from each other when viewed from the stacking direction (z direction).
- the preliminary joining mark WP2 may be formed in a line shape along the positive electrode end Q in one row or multiple rows, or may be formed in the shape of multiple dots. Note that when the metal sheet M2, the positive electrode end Q, and the positive electrode tab 42 are joined at one time without performing preliminary joining, only the second joining mark W2 is formed, and the preliminary joining mark WP2 is not formed.
- the second joining mark W2 and/or the preliminary joining mark WP2 may be a joining mark by welding, i.e., a welding mark.
- the welding may be, for example, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, resistance welding, or spot welding. In one example, the welding is ultrasonic welding.
- the metal sheet M2 and the positive electrode conductive layer 322 of the positive electrode end Q may be integrated by being fused in part or in whole by heat or the like at the second joining mark W2 and/or the preliminary joining mark WP2.
- (First bonding mark W1 and preliminary bonding mark WP1) 5 is a diagram for explaining the joining state of the negative electrode tab 40, the negative electrode end P, and the metal sheet M1.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of the negative electrode end P, taken along the xz plane, at a location including the first joining mark W1 and the preliminary joining mark WP1.
- the first joining mark W1 and the preliminary joining mark WP1 are provided at different positions from each other when viewed from the stacking direction.
- the first joining mark W1 is formed over the entire negative electrode tab 40, each negative electrode end P, and each metal sheet M1.
- the first joining mark W1 is formed continuously in the stacking direction from the negative electrode tab 40 to the negative electrode end P of the lowest layer.
- the preliminary joining mark WP1 is formed for each negative electrode end P. In other words, one preliminary joining mark WP1 is not formed across multiple negative electrode ends P.
- the first bonding mark W1 is positioned a predetermined distance Y or more inward from the outer edge of the negative electrode end P in the first direction.
- the distance Y may be 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, or 3.0 mm.
- the predetermined distance Y may be set so that the relationship Y>0.048X+1.3 holds.
- X may be 10 or more, 15 or more, or 20 or more.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a cross section of the first bonding mark W1.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross section of the first bonding mark W1 taken along the zy plane (cross section A-A in FIG. 5).
- the cross section of the first bonding mark W1 includes a first region R1 and a second region R2.
- the cross section of the first bonding mark W1 may have a recess recessed on one side in the stacking direction.
- the negative electrode conductive layer 122 and the metal sheet M1 are laminated integrally and joined to the negative electrode tab 40.
- being laminated integrally includes a state in which the negative electrode conductive layers 122 and the metal sheet M1 are partially or entirely fused together by heat or the like (a state in which the layers cannot be distinguished).
- the first region R1 may be substantially free of the negative electrode insulating layer 120 along the stacking direction.
- the first region R1 provides a physical path for electrical connection between the negative electrode tab 40 and each of the negative electrode conductive layers 122 and the metal sheet M1.
- the first region R1 may be configured between two second regions R2. In one embodiment, the maximum thickness of the first region R1 may be less than or equal to half the maximum thickness of the second region R2.
- the second region R2 a pair of negative electrode conductive layers 122 sandwiching the negative electrode insulating layer 120 and the metal sheet M1 are laminated. That is, the second region R2 is a region that includes the negative electrode insulating layer 120 along the lamination direction.
- the first joint mark W1 is formed by pressing the negative electrode tab 40, the negative electrode end P, and the metal sheet M1 along the stacking direction. At this time, heat may be applied to the pressed location.
- the first joint mark W1 may be formed by welding (in this case, the first joint mark W1 is a welding mark).
- the negative electrode insulating layer 120 softens at the pressed location and is pushed outward in the width direction (left and right direction in FIG. 6) from the pressed location.
- each negative electrode conductive layer 122 and the metal sheet M1 are thermally melted and integrated. As a result, the first region R1 and the second region R2 can be formed.
- the metal material constituting the negative electrode conductive layer 122 and/or the metal sheet M1 may be pushed out from the pressing point toward the first direction (x direction in FIGS. 5 and 6).
- the metal material protrudes outward from the negative electrode end P and reaches the insulating material IL (see FIGS. 1 and 5) of the insulating part 40B of the negative electrode tab 40, poor insulation may occur between the negative electrode 10 and the sealing part 102 (see FIG. 1) of the sealed container 100.
- the sealing part 102 e.g., an aluminum laminate film
- the metal material protruding from the negative electrode end P is present in the insulating part 40B
- the negative electrode end P of the negative electrode 10 and the sealed container 100 will be short-circuited.
- the sealing part 102 may be damaged, which may cause a decrease in the performance or life of the secondary battery 1.
- the first joint mark W1 is positioned a predetermined distance Y or more inward from the outer edge of the negative electrode end P. Therefore, even if a part of the metal material is pushed out in the first direction from the pressed point when the first joint mark W1 is formed, the metal material is prevented from flying out from the outer edge of the negative electrode end P and further reaching the insulating portion 40B of the negative electrode tab 40. This can prevent insulation failure between the negative electrode 10 and the seal portion 102 of the sealed container 100 (see FIG. 1) as described above.
- a metal sheet M1 for the negative electrode may be provided on the negative electrode end P.
- the metal sheet M1 functions as an additional conductive layer of the negative electrode conductive layer 122 at the first joint mark W1, and increases the ratio of the conductive layer to the negative electrode insulating layer 120. Therefore, an increase in resistance at the first joint mark W1 is suppressed, and the output characteristics of the secondary battery 1 can be improved.
- the resistance of the first joint mark W1 may be 5.0 m ⁇ or less, 3.0 m ⁇ or less, 1.0 m ⁇ or less, or 0.5 m ⁇ or less.
- the positive electrode tab 42, the positive electrode end Q, and the second joining mark W2 and the preliminary joining mark WP2 of the metal sheet M2 may be configured similarly to the first joining mark W1 and the preliminary joining mark WP1 described in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
- the second joining mark W2 may be disposed a predetermined distance Y or more inward from the outer edge of the positive electrode end Q. This can suppress insulation failure between the positive electrode 30 and the seal portion 102 of the sealed container 100 (see Fig. 1).
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing an example of this manufacturing method.
- Figures 8A and 8B are diagrams for explaining step ST1 in Figure 7.
- Figures 9A to 9D are diagrams for explaining step ST2 in Figure 7.
- Figure 10 is a diagram for explaining step ST3 in Figure 7.
- this manufacturing method may include a step ST1 of preparing a negative electrode sheet S1, a step ST2 of joining a metal sheet M1, a step ST3 of cutting out a plurality of negative electrodes 10, a step S4 of preparing a positive electrode sheet S2, a step ST5 of joining a metal sheet M2, a step ST6 of cutting out a plurality of positive electrodes 30, a step ST7 of forming a laminate ST, a step ST8 of joining an electrode tab and a current collector, and a step ST9 of sealing the laminate ST in a sealed container 100.
- a negative electrode sheet S1 is prepared as shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B.
- FIG. 8A is a plan view of the negative electrode sheet S1.
- FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 8A.
- the negative electrode sheet S1 may be a strip-shaped sheet having a longitudinal direction (y direction) and a lateral direction (x direction).
- the negative electrode sheet S1 may be composed of a negative electrode collector 12 and a negative electrode active material layer 14 applied to both sides of the negative electrode collector 12 as shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B.
- the negative electrode active material layer 14 is not formed, and the negative electrode conductive layer 122 of the negative electrode collector 12 is exposed.
- the separator 20 may be provided from the beginning on one side of the negative electrode active material layer 14 (the side on which the negative electrode conductive layer 122 is not formed). In this case, it is not necessary to align and position the separator 20 between the negative electrode 10 and the positive electrode 30 in step ST7.
- step ST2 as shown in Figures 9A to 9D, a metal sheet M1 is joined to one short end of the negative electrode sheet S1.
- Figure 9A is a plan view of the negative electrode sheet S1 to which the metal sheet M1 is joined.
- Figures 9B to 9D are an example of a cross section taken along the line C-C of Figure 9A.
- the joining in process ST2 forms a preliminary joining mark WP1 along the longitudinal direction, for example in a line shape.
- the metal sheet M1 may be joined to the negative electrode sheet S1 by welding.
- the welding may be, for example, ultrasonic welding, laser welding, resistance welding, or spot welding. In one example, the welding is ultrasonic welding.
- the joining in step ST2 may be performed by pressing the metal sheet M1 against the negative electrode current collector 12.
- the preliminary joining mark WP1 may be formed so that the metal sheet M1 is recessed toward the negative electrode current collector 12.
- the preliminary joining mark WP1 may be provided between the metal sheet M1 and one of the negative electrode conductive layers 122 (with which the metal sheet M1 is in contact) as shown in FIG. 9B. In this case, at the preliminary joining mark WP1, the metal sheet M1 is not electrically connected to the other negative electrode conductive layer 122.
- the preliminary joining mark WP1 may be provided between the metal sheet M1 and both negative electrode conductive layers 122 as shown in FIG. 9C. In this case, at the preliminary joining mark WP1, the metal sheet M1 is electrically connected to both negative electrode conductive layers 122.
- the bonding in step ST2 may be performed by pressing the negative electrode collector 12 against the metal sheet M1.
- the preliminary bonding mark WP1 may be formed such that the negative electrode collector 12 is recessed toward the metal sheet M1.
- the metal sheet M1 is electrically connected to both negative electrode conductive layers 122.
- step ST3 multiple negative electrodes 10 are cut out from the negative electrode sheet S1. Specifically, multiple negative electrodes 10 of a given shape are cut out from the negative electrode sheet S1 using a cutting blade, a laser, or the like, as shown in FIG. 10. This results in multiple negative electrodes 10 to which the metal sheet M1 is pre-joined.
- Steps ST4 to ST6 may be performed in the same manner as steps ST1 to ST3. That is, a positive electrode sheet S2 including a positive electrode current collector 32 and a positive electrode active material layer 34 may be prepared (step ST4), a metal sheet M2 may be joined to one short end of the positive electrode sheet S2 (step ST5), and a plurality of positive electrodes 30 may be cut out from the metal sheet M2 (step ST6).
- step ST7 a laminate ST is formed. Specifically, the negative electrodes 10 and positive electrodes 30 prepared in steps ST1 and ST3 are arranged alternately in the stacking direction with separators 20 between them, as shown in FIG. 2.
- step ST8 the electrode tab and the current collector are joined. Specifically, the negative electrode end P of the negative electrode collector 12 and the metal sheet M1 are joined to the negative electrode tab 40 so as to form the first joining mark W1 described above. At this time, the joining point with the negative electrode tab 40 is located at a position at least a predetermined distance Y inward from the outer edge of the negative electrode end P. Note that this joining point may be located at a position that does not overlap with the preliminary joining mark WP1 in the stacking direction. Also, the positive electrode end Q of the positive electrode collector 32 and the metal sheet M2 are joined to the positive electrode tab 42 so as to form the second joining mark W2 described above.
- the joining point with the positive electrode tab 42 is located at a position at least a predetermined distance Y inward from the outer edge of the positive electrode end Q. Note that this joining point may be located at a position where the second joining mark W2 does not overlap with the preliminary joining mark WP2 in the stacking direction.
- the joining of the electrode tab and the current collector may be performed by ultrasonic welding, laser welding, resistance welding, or spot welding.
- step ST9 the laminate ST formed in step ST8 is sealed in a sealed container 100.
- the insulating portion 40B of the negative electrode tab 40 is placed in the seal portion 102 of the sealed container 100, and the other end portion 40C of the negative electrode tab 40 is taken out to the outside of the sealed container 100.
- the insulating portion 42B of the positive electrode tab 42 is placed in the seal portion 102 of the sealed container 100, and the other end portion 42C of the positive electrode tab 42 is taken out to the outside of the sealed container 100.
- an electrolyte may be sealed in the sealed container 100 together with the laminate ST. In this manner, the secondary battery 1 is manufactured.
- step ST8 the joining point with the negative electrode tab 40 is located at a position at least a predetermined distance Y inward from the outer edge of the negative electrode end P. This prevents a portion of the metal material constituting the negative electrode conductive layer 122 and/or metal sheet M1 from protruding from the outer edge of the negative electrode end P and reaching the insulating portion 40B of the negative electrode tab 40. This can prevent poor insulation between the negative electrode 10 and the seal portion 102 of the sealed container 100.
- step ST8 the joining point with the positive electrode tab 42 is located at a position at least a predetermined distance Y inward from the outer edge of the positive electrode end Q, so the above points also apply to the positive electrode 30.
- step ST2 the metal sheet M1 is previously joined to the negative electrode sheet S1. Therefore, in step ST3, the metal sheet M1 can be simultaneously cut out to match the shape of the negative electrode end P. That is, a separate step of cutting the metal sheet M1 to match the shape of the negative electrode end P is not required.
- step ST9 since the alignment of the metal sheet M1 and the negative electrode end P is not required, the joining of the negative electrode tab 40 and the negative electrode end P is facilitated. Furthermore, in step ST9, it is theoretically possible to provide the first joining mark W1 so as not to overlap with the preliminary joining mark WP1 in the stacking direction.
- step ST4 the metal sheet M2 is previously joined to the positive electrode sheet S2, so the above points are also applicable to the positive electrode 30.
- the secondary battery 1 is charged and discharged by connecting the negative electrode tab 40 to one end of an external circuit and the positive electrode tab 42 to the other end of the external circuit.
- the external circuit may be, for example, a resistor, a power source, an apparatus, a device, another battery, or a potentiostat.
- the negative electrode ends P of the multiple negative electrodes 10 may be connected to the external circuit at the same potential.
- the positive electrode ends Q of the multiple positive electrodes 30 may be connected to the external circuit at the same potential.
- the secondary battery 1 When a voltage is applied between the negative electrode tab 40 and the positive electrode tab 42 such that a current flows from the negative electrode tab 40 through an external circuit to the positive electrode tab 42, the secondary battery 1 is charged and lithium metal is precipitated on the negative electrode 10. When the negative electrode tab 40 and the positive electrode tab 42 of the charged secondary battery 1 are connected via a desired external circuit, the secondary battery 1 is discharged and the lithium metal in the negative electrode 10 is electrolytically dissolved.
- the secondary battery 1 may have a solid electrolyte interface layer (SEI layer) formed on the surface of the negative electrode 10 or the surface of the separator 20 (i.e., the interface between the negative electrode 10 and the separator 20) by the first charge (initial charge) after the battery is assembled.
- SEI layer may contain, for example, an inorganic compound containing lithium, or an organic compound containing lithium.
- the thickness of the SEI layer is 1.0 nm or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the secondary battery 1 described above can improve the battery's output characteristics and productivity.
- the secondary battery 1 may be modified in various ways without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 11A to 11C are perspective views showing other examples of the negative electrode 10.
- a metal sheet does not have to be provided at the negative electrode end P of the negative electrode 10.
- the negative electrode 10 may be composed of a negative electrode collector 12 and may have substantially no negative electrode active material.
- the negative electrode 10 having "substantially no negative electrode active material” includes, for example, that the layer thickness of the negative electrode active material deposited on the negative electrode 10 at the end of discharge (for example, a state in which the open circuit voltage of the battery is 2.5 V or more and 3.6 V or less) is 25 ⁇ m or less.
- the layer thickness of the negative electrode active material at the end of discharge may be 20 ⁇ m or less, 15 ⁇ m or less, 10 ⁇ m or less, or 5 ⁇ m or less, or may be 0 ⁇ m.
- the secondary battery 1 can also be called an “anode-free lithium battery", a “zero anode lithium battery”, or an “anodeless lithium battery”.
- the negative electrode 10 does not have a negative electrode active material before the initial charge of the battery (the state from when the battery is assembled until the first charge). That is, the secondary battery 1 may be charged and discharged by depositing lithium metal on the negative electrode after the initial charge, and then electrolytically dissolving the deposited lithium metal. In this case, the volume and mass occupied by the negative electrode active material are suppressed, the volume and mass of the entire battery are reduced, and the energy density is, in principle, high.
- “lithium metal deposits on the negative electrode” includes not only lithium metal depositing on the surface of the negative electrode, but also lithium metal depositing on the surface of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer and the surface or inside of the buffer functional layer, which will be described later.
- SEI solid electrolyte interface
- the ratio M3.0/M4.2 may be 40% or less or 35% or less, where M4.2 is the mass of lithium metal deposited on the negative electrode at a voltage of 4.2 V and M3.0 is the same mass at a voltage of 3.0 V. In one embodiment, the ratio M3.0 / M4.2 may be 1.0% or more, 2.0% or more, 3.0% or more , or 4.0% or more.
- the thickness of the negative electrode 10 may be 1.0 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less. This reduces the volume occupied by the negative electrode 10 in the secondary battery 1, and improves the energy density.
- the thickness of the negative electrode 10 may be 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less, or 3.0 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less.
- a porous or fibrous buffer functional layer may be provided between the negative electrode 10 and the separator 20.
- the buffer functional layer has a solid portion (including a gel portion) having ionic conductivity and electrical conductivity, and a pore portion formed by the gaps in the solid portion.
- lithium metal may be precipitated on the surface of the negative electrode 10 (the interface between the negative electrode 10 and the buffer functional layer) and/or inside the buffer functional layer (the surface of the solid portion of the buffer functional layer).
- Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing another example of the positive electrode 30.
- the positive electrode end Q of the positive electrode 30 does not necessarily need to be provided with a metal sheet.
- (Laminate ST) 13 and 14 are perspective views for explaining another example of lamination of the plurality of negative electrodes 10.
- the plurality of negative electrodes 10 may be configured as a single flat sheet as a whole, rather than as a single flat sheet.
- the plurality of negative electrodes 10 may be configured by winding the negative electrode sheet S1 multiple times.
- the plurality of negative electrodes 10 may be configured by folding the negative electrode sheet S1 alternately at acute angles multiple times.
- the negative electrode sheet S1 may be configured as shown in FIG. 8A, or may be configured by joining a metal sheet M1 as shown in FIG. 9A.
- the multiple positive electrodes 30 may not each be a single flat sheet, but may be configured as a single flat sheet as a whole.
- the multiple positive electrodes 30 may be configured by winding the positive electrode sheet S2 multiple times, as in FIG. 13.
- the multiple positive electrodes 30 may be configured by folding the positive electrode sheet S2 alternately at acute angles multiple times, as in FIG. 14.
- Fig. 15 is a diagram showing the results of Experiment 1.
- Fig. 16A is an example of a case where there was protrusion of metal material in Experiment 1.
- Fig. 16B is an example of a case where there was no protrusion of metal material in Experiment 1.
- Figs. 16A and 16B are examples of the electrode tab 40 viewed from the negative electrode end P side (in Fig. 2, the electrode tab 40 viewed from the negative electrode end P at the bottom end in the z direction).
- each laminate ST differed in the number of layers X of the negative electrode 10 (11 or 21 layers), the distance Y from the outer edge of the negative electrode end P to the first joining mark W1 (see Figure 5, 0.5 mm to 4.45 mm), and the presence or absence of a metal sheet M1.
- the common configuration for each laminate ST is as follows.
- each laminate ST 6 ⁇ m thick polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was used as the negative electrode insulating layer 120.
- 1.0 ⁇ m thick copper foil was used as the negative electrode conductive layer 122.
- the negative electrode active material layer 14 was a mixed material in which 97 parts by mass of graphite, 0.5 parts by mass of carbon black as a conductive aid, and 1.5 parts by mass of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and 1.0 part by mass of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) as binders were mixed with water as a solvent.
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- the separator 20 was a sheet whose surface was coated with a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and Al 2 O 3 .
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- each laminate ST a 6 ⁇ m thick film of polyethylene terephthalate was used as the positive electrode insulating layer 320.
- a 1.0 ⁇ m thick aluminum was used as the positive electrode conductive layer 322.
- a mixture of 96 parts by mass of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 as the positive electrode active material, 2 parts by mass of carbon black as a conductive assistant, and 2 parts by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a binder was used as the positive electrode active material layer 34 in N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent.
- NMP N-methyl-pyrrolidone
- Aluminum was used as the metal sheet M2.
- a 0.2 mm thick aluminum was used as the positive electrode tab 42.
- Each laminate ST prepared as described above was evaluated for the presence or absence of "protrusion" of the metal material from the negative electrode end P. As shown in FIG. 16A, when the metal material from the negative electrode end P contacted the insulating portion 40B of the negative electrode tab 40, it was judged as "protrusion present.” Also, as shown in FIG. 16B, when the metal material from the negative electrode end P did not contact the insulating portion 40B of the negative electrode tab 40, it was judged as "no protrusion.”
- Fig. 17 is a diagram showing the results of Experiment 2.
- secondary batteries having the structure shown in Fig. 1 were fabricated using a plurality of stacks ST (shown as E1 to E4 and R1 to R3 in Fig. 15) fabricated in Experiment 1, and cycle tests were performed.
- the cycle tests 100 cycles of 0.3 C charge and 0.3 C discharge were repeated while applying a pressure of 50 kPa to the secondary battery 1 in a thermostatic chamber at 25°C. Then, the capacity retention rate (%) at the end of 100 cycles was measured.
- the capacity retention rate (%) is the ratio (A2/A1 x 100) of the capacity (A2) of the secondary battery 1 at the end of 100 cycles to the capacity (A1) at the end of one cycle.
- a lithium secondary battery comprising:
- (Appendix 7) The lithium secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the first bonding mark includes a region where the pair of conductive layers are integrated together in a cross section in the stacking direction.
- the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode includes a second current collector having a resin layer sandwiched between a pair of conductive layers, the second current collector having a second end extending in a second direction different from the stacking direction.
- the sealed container is configured to sandwich the second insulating portion of the second electrode tab at the seal portion and to extend a portion of the second electrode tab outside the sealed container.
- Lithium secondary battery 10: negative electrode, 20: separator, 30: positive electrode, 40: negative electrode tab, 40B: insulating part, 42: positive electrode tab, 42B: insulating part, 100: sealed container, 102: seal part, IL: insulating material, M1, M2: metal sheet, P: negative electrode end, Q: positive electrode end, ST: laminate, W1: first joining mark, W2: second joining mark, WP1, WP2: preliminary joining mark
Landscapes
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、2次電池1の構成例を説明するための平面図である。図1に示すように、2次電池1は、密封容器100と、積層体STと、負極電極タブ40と、正極電極タブ42とを含んで構成される。積層体STは、セパレータを介して正極と負極とが積層方向(図1においてはz方向)に複数積層されて構成される。
図3は、負極10の一例を示す斜視図である。一実施形態において、負極10は、負極集電体12と負極集電体12上に配置される負極活物質層14を含んで構成される。
(正極30)
図4は、正極30の一例を示す斜視図である。一実施形態において、正極30は、正極集電体32と正極集電体32上に配置される正極活物質層34を含んで構成される。
図5は、負極電極タブ40、負極端部P及び金属シートM1の接合状態を説明するための図である。図5は、負極端部Pのうち第1接合痕W1及び予備接合痕WP1を含む箇所をxz面に沿って切った断面を模式的に示す。
正極電極タブ42、正極端部Q及び金属シートM2の第2接合痕W2及び予備接合痕WP2は、図5及び図6で説明した第1接合痕W1及び予備接合痕WP1と同様に構成されてよい。例えば、一実施形態において、第2接合痕W2は、正極端部Qの外縁から所定の距離Y以上内側に配置されてよい。これにより、正極30と密封容器100のシール部102(図1参照)との間の絶縁不良が抑制されうる。
次に図7~図10を用いて、2次電池1の製造方法の一例(以下「本製法」ともいう。)を説明する。図7は、本製法の一例を示すフローチャートである。図8A及び図8Bは、図7の工程ST1を説明するための図である。図9A~図9Dは、図7の工程ST2を説明するための図である。図10は、図7の工程ST3を説明するための図である。
2次電池1は、負極電極タブ40を外部回路の一端に接続し、正極電極タブ42を外部回路の他端に接続することで充放電される。外部回路は、例えば抵抗、電源、装置、デバイス、別の電池、又はポテンショスタット等でよい。複数の負極10の各負極端部Pは、外部回路に互いに同電位で接続されてよい。また複数の正極30の各正極端部Qは、外部回路に互いに同電位で接続されてよい。
2次電池1は、本開示の範囲及び趣旨から逸脱することなく種々の変形をなし得る。
図11A~図11Cは、それぞれ、負極10の他の例を示す斜視図である。例えば、図11Aや図11Cに示すように、負極10の負極端部Pに金属シートが設けられなくてもよい。
一実施形態において、負極10とセパレータ20との間に、多孔質状又はファイバ状の緩衝機能層が設けられてよい。緩衝機能層は、イオン伝導性及び電気伝導性を有する固体部分(ゲル状の部分を含む)と、この固体部分の隙間により構成される空孔部分とを有する。この場合、リチウム金属は、負極10の表面(負極10と緩衝機能層との界面)及び/又は緩衝機能層の内部(緩衝機能層の固体部分の表面)に析出しうる。
図12は、正極30の他の例を示す斜視図である。例えば、図12に示すように、正極30の正極端部Qに金属シートが設けられなくてもよい。
図13及び図14は、複数の負極10の他の積層例を説明するための斜視図である。図13及び図14に示すように、複数の負極10は、それぞれが一枚の平板状のシートではなく、全体として1枚の平板上のシートとして構成されてよい。例えば、図13に示すように、複数の負極10は、負極シートS1が複数回巻回されて構成されてよい。また例えば、図14に示すように、複数の負極10は、負極シートS1が複数回鋭角で交互に折り曲げられて構成されてよい。なお、負極シートS1は、図8Aに示すように構成されてよく、また図9Aに示すように金属シートM1が接合されて構成されてよい。
図15は、実験1の結果を示す図である。図16Aは、実験1において金属材料のはみ出しがあった場合の例である。図16Bは、実験1において金属材料のはみ出しがなかった場合の例である。図16A及び図16Bは、負極端部P側から電極タブ40を見た場合(図2でいえば、z方向最下端の負極端部Pから電極タブ40を見た場合)の例である。
図17は、実験2の結果を示す図である。実験2では、実験1で作成した複数の積層体ST(図15でE1~E4、R1~R3として示したもの)を用いて、図1に示す構造の2次電池をそれぞれ作成し、サイクル試験を行った。サイクル試験では、25℃の恒温槽内で2次電池1に50kPaの圧力を加えながら、0.3C充電-0.3C放電を100サイクル繰り返した。そして100サイクル時の容量維持率(%)を測定した。容量維持率(%)は、1サイクル終了時の容量(A1)に対する100サイクル終了時の2次電池1の容量(A2)の比率(A2/A1×100)である。
セパレータを介して正極と負極とが積層方向に複数積層された積層体であって、前記正極及び前記負極の一方は、樹脂層を1対の導電層で挟んで構成される第1集電体を含み、前記第1集電体は、前記積層方向と異なる第1方向に延びる第1端部を備える、積層体と、
前記第1端部と電気的に接続される第1電極タブであって、前記第1電極タブは、前記第1端部との接合による第1接合痕と、前記第1接合痕から前記第1方向に離間して配置され、絶縁材で覆われる第1絶縁部とを含む、第1電極タブと、
シール部を備える密封容器であって、前記密封容器は、前記シール部の内側に前記積層体を封入しつつ、前記シール部において前記第1電極タブの前記第1絶縁部を挟み前記第1電極タブの一部を前記密封容器の外部に取り出すように構成される、密封容器と、
を備える、リチウム2次電池。
前記第1端部における前記第1接合痕は、前記第1端部の前記第1方向の外縁から2mm以上内側に設けられている、付記1に記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第1端部における前記第1接合痕は、前記第1端部の前記第1方向の外縁から2.5mm以上内側に設けられている、付記1に記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記積層体に含まれる前記第1集電体の総数をXとし、前記第1端部における前記第1接合痕と前記第1端部の前記第1方向の外縁との間の距離をYとしたときに、Y>0.048X+1.3の関係が成り立つ、付記1に記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記Xは、10以上である、付記4に記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第1接合痕は、溶接痕である、付記1から付記5のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第1接合痕は、前記積層方向の断面において、前記1対の導電層どうしが一体化した領域を含む、付記1から付記6のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第1端部と前記第1電極タブとが金属シートを介して互いに接合される、付記1から付記5のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第1接合痕は、溶接痕である、付記8に記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第1接合痕は、前記積層方向の断面において、前記1対の導電層及び前記金属シートが一体化した領域を含む、付記8又は付記9に記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第1端部は、前記金属シートとの接合による予備接合痕を有し、前記予備接合痕は、前記積層方向からみて前記第1接合痕と異なる位置に設けられている、付記8から付記10のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第1集電体は、前記負極の負極集電体であり、前記第1電極タブは、前記負極集電体に接続される負極電極タブである、付記1から付記11のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記密封容器は、アルミラミネートフィルムで構成されている、付記1から付記12のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記正極及び前記負極の他方は、樹脂層を1対の導電層で挟んで構成される第2集電体を含み、前記第2集電体は、前記積層方向と異なる第2方向に延びる第2端部を備える、付記1から付記13のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第2集電体の前記第2端部と電気的に接続される第2電極タブをさらに備え、前記第2電極タブは、前記第2端部との接合による第2接合痕と、前記第2接合痕から前記第2方向に離間して配置され、絶縁材で覆われる第2絶縁部とを含み、
前記密封容器は、前記シール部において前記第2電極タブの前記第2絶縁部を挟み前記第2電極タブの一部を前記密封容器の外部に取り出すように構成される、付記14に記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第1方向と前記第2方向とが同一方向である、付記14又は付記15に記載のリチウム2次電池。
前記第1方向と前記第2方向とが異なる方向である、付記14又は付記15に記載のリチウム2次電池。
Claims (17)
- セパレータを介して正極と負極とが積層方向に複数積層された積層体であって、前記正極及び前記負極の一方は、樹脂層を1対の導電層で挟んで構成される第1集電体を含み、前記第1集電体は、前記積層方向と異なる第1方向に延びる第1端部を備える、積層体と、
前記第1端部と電気的に接続される第1電極タブであって、前記第1電極タブは、前記第1端部との接合による第1接合痕と、前記第1接合痕から前記第1方向に離間して配置され、絶縁材で覆われる第1絶縁部とを含む、第1電極タブと、
シール部を備える密封容器であって、前記密封容器は、前記シール部の内側に前記積層体を封入しつつ、前記シール部において前記第1電極タブの前記第1絶縁部を挟み前記第1電極タブの一部を前記密封容器の外部に取り出すように構成される、密封容器と、
を備える、リチウム2次電池。 - 前記第1端部における前記第1接合痕は、前記第1端部の前記第1方向の外縁から2mm以上内側に設けられている、請求項1に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記第1端部における前記第1接合痕は、前記第1端部の前記第1方向の外縁から2.5mm以上内側に設けられている、請求項1に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記積層体に含まれる前記第1集電体の総数をXとし、前記第1端部における前記第1接合痕と前記第1端部の前記第1方向の外縁との間の距離をYとしたときに、Y>0.048X+1.3の関係が成り立つ、請求項1に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記Xは、10以上である、請求項4に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記第1接合痕は、溶接痕である、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記第1接合痕は、前記積層方向の断面において、前記1対の導電層どうしが一体化した領域を含む、請求項6に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記第1端部と前記第1電極タブとが金属シートを介して互いに接合される、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記第1接合痕は、溶接痕である、請求項8に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記第1接合痕は、前記積層方向の断面において、前記1対の導電層及び前記金属シートが複数層にわたり一体化した領域を含む、請求項9に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記第1端部は、前記金属シートとの接合による予備接合痕を有し、前記予備接合痕は、前記積層方向からみて前記第1接合痕と異なる位置に設けられている、請求項8に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記第1集電体は、前記負極の負極集電体であり、前記第1電極タブは、前記負極集電体に接続される負極電極タブである、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記密封容器は、アルミラミネートフィルムで構成されている、請求項12に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記正極及び前記負極の他方は、樹脂層を1対の導電層で挟んで構成される第2集電体を含み、前記第2集電体は、前記積層方向と異なる第2方向に延びる第2端部を備える、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記第2集電体の前記第2端部と電気的に接続される第2電極タブをさらに備え、前記第2電極タブは、前記第2端部との接合による第2接合痕と、前記第2接合痕から前記第2方向に離間して配置され、絶縁材で覆われる第2絶縁部とを含み、
前記密封容器は、前記シール部において前記第2電極タブの前記第2絶縁部を挟み前記第2電極タブの一部を前記密封容器の外部に取り出すように構成される、請求項14に記載のリチウム2次電池。 - 前記第1方向と前記第2方向とが同一方向である、請求項14に記載のリチウム2次電池。
- 前記第1方向と前記第2方向とが異なる方向である、請求項14に記載のリチウム2次電池。
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| CN202380095578.7A CN120836094A (zh) | 2023-06-20 | 2023-06-20 | 锂二次电池 |
| JP2023580627A JP7498994B1 (ja) | 2023-06-20 | 2023-06-20 | リチウム2次電池 |
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| WO2012093588A1 (ja) * | 2011-01-07 | 2012-07-12 | シャープ株式会社 | 非水系二次電池 |
| JP2012212506A (ja) * | 2009-07-01 | 2012-11-01 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | ラミネート形電池 |
| JP7123221B1 (ja) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-08-22 | ソフトバンク株式会社 | 製造方法、プログラム、製造システム、積層集電体、電池、移動体、及び飛行体 |
| JP2022554113A (ja) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-12-28 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | 電極組立体およびその製造方法 |
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| JP5693982B2 (ja) * | 2011-01-25 | 2015-04-01 | シャープ株式会社 | 非水系二次電池 |
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| JP2012212506A (ja) * | 2009-07-01 | 2012-11-01 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | ラミネート形電池 |
| WO2012093588A1 (ja) * | 2011-01-07 | 2012-07-12 | シャープ株式会社 | 非水系二次電池 |
| JP2022554113A (ja) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-12-28 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | 電極組立体およびその製造方法 |
| JP7123221B1 (ja) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-08-22 | ソフトバンク株式会社 | 製造方法、プログラム、製造システム、積層集電体、電池、移動体、及び飛行体 |
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