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WO2024119911A9 - 电化学装置以及电子装置 - Google Patents

电化学装置以及电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024119911A9
WO2024119911A9 PCT/CN2023/115592 CN2023115592W WO2024119911A9 WO 2024119911 A9 WO2024119911 A9 WO 2024119911A9 CN 2023115592 W CN2023115592 W CN 2023115592W WO 2024119911 A9 WO2024119911 A9 WO 2024119911A9
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole
electrochemical device
protruding portion
main body
protrusion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/115592
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2024119911A1 (zh
Inventor
杨建辉
柳宁
张国文
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd filed Critical Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority to EP23866679.6A priority Critical patent/EP4404338A4/en
Priority to JP2025529223A priority patent/JP2025539144A/ja
Priority to US18/622,158 priority patent/US20240243392A1/en
Publication of WO2024119911A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024119911A1/zh
Publication of WO2024119911A9 publication Critical patent/WO2024119911A9/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/176—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/191—Inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
    • H01M50/645—Plugs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of electrochemical devices, and in particular to an electrochemical device and an electrical device.
  • Thin batteries are widely used in the field of Internet of Things or smart wearables due to their low power consumption, long cycle life and high degree of customization.
  • the total thickness of the battery is roughly equivalent to the sum of the thickness of the packaging materials on both sides, the positive and negative electrodes and the isolation film.
  • the related technology usually adopts an electrode assembly made of a single-piece positive and negative electrode coated with active materials on one side and a single-layer isolation film to reduce the total thickness of the battery.
  • the circuit board and the pole part are located on different planes of the battery, which will cause the pole part or the circuit board to be avoided separately when designing the whole machine of the subsequent electrical device, reducing the space utilization rate of the electrochemical device.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide an electrochemical device and an electrical device, which can improve the space utilization rate of the electrochemical device.
  • an electrochemical device comprising a shell, an electrode assembly, a first pole ear and a pole column assembly.
  • the shell comprises a main body and a first protruding portion, the main body is provided with a first cavity, the first protruding portion is provided with a second cavity and a first through hole, the first through hole and the first cavity are both connected to the second cavity.
  • the pole column assembly is arranged in the first through hole, the pole column assembly is insulated from the shell, the electrode assembly is accommodated in the first cavity, one end of the first pole ear is connected to the electrode assembly, the other end of the first pole ear extends into the second cavity and is connected to the pole column assembly.
  • the main body comprises a first top wall, the first protruding portion comprises a second top wall, the first top wall protrudes from the second top wall, and the first through hole is arranged in the second top wall.
  • a distance between two ends of the first protruding portion along the thickness direction of the main body is 1.00 mm to 3.00 mm.
  • the distance between two ends of the first protruding portion along the width direction of the main body is 3 mm to 25 mm.
  • the distance between the two ends of the first protrusion along the length direction of the main body is 3 mm to 6 mm.
  • the main body further includes a first bottom wall, and along the thickness direction of the main body, the first bottom wall is arranged opposite to the first top wall.
  • the first protruding portion further includes a second bottom wall.
  • the second bottom wall is arranged opposite to the second top wall, and the second bottom wall is flush with the first bottom wall.
  • the first side wall of the shell includes a first area and a second area, the first side wall extends in the first area along the length direction of the main body to form the first protrusion, and the first protrusion and the second area constitute a receiving space.
  • the electrochemical device also includes a circuit board, which is fixed to the accommodating space.
  • the circuit board has a first electrical connection portion that is configured to extend out of the circuit board on a side close to the first protrusion, and the first electrical connection portion is electrically connected to the pole assembly.
  • the first electrical connection portion is arranged between the first top wall and the second top wall.
  • the circuit board has a second electrical connection portion
  • the electrochemical device also includes a second pole ear, one end of the second pole ear is electrically connected to the electrode assembly, and the other end of the second pole ear and the second electrical connection portion are both electrically connected to the shell.
  • the second electrical connection portion is electrically connected to an outer surface of the first protruding portion, and a connection point between the first protruding portion and the second electrical connection portion and the first through hole are both located on the same side of the first protruding portion.
  • a second protrusion extends from the second region along the length direction of the main body, and along the width direction of the main body, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are located at both ends of the first side wall, and the circuit board is located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion.
  • the pole assembly includes a pole, a connector, and an adhesive layer sandwiched between the pole and the connector.
  • the connector is fixed to the first protruding portion
  • the pole has a first end and a connecting portion, the first end is located outside the first protruding portion, the first end is electrically connected to the circuit board, one end of the connecting portion is connected to the first end, the other end of the connecting portion passes through the adhesive layer, the connector and the first through hole in sequence and is connected to the other end of the first pole ear, and there is a gap between the outer periphery of the connecting portion and the wall of the first through hole.
  • the pole assembly includes a pole, a first insulating gasket and a second insulating gasket.
  • the pole has a first end, a connecting portion and a second end, the first end is located outside the first protruding portion and is electrically connected to the circuit board, the second end is located in the second cavity and is electrically connected to the electrode assembly, the connecting portion passes through the first through hole and is respectively connected to the first end
  • the first end portion is connected to the second end portion, and under the contraction effect of the first end portion and the second end portion, the first insulating gasket is clamped between the first end portion and the first protruding portion, and the second insulating gasket is clamped between the second end portion and the second protruding portion, wherein the first insulating gasket insulates the first protruding portion from the connecting portion.
  • the pole assembly further includes a metal washer, and the metal washer is disposed between the first end portion and the first insulating washer.
  • the electrochemical device further includes a first insulating member and a second insulating member, and the first insulating member and the second insulating member are both disposed on the inner wall surface of the first protruding portion.
  • the first electrode tab is located between the second insulating member and the first insulating member.
  • the first protruding portion is further provided with a second through hole, and the second through hole is connected to the second cavity.
  • the electrochemical device further includes a liquid injection plug, and the liquid injection plug is disposed in the second through hole.
  • an electrical device which includes the electrochemical device described above.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrochemical device provided in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is an exploded view of the structure of the electrochemical device shown in FIG1 ;
  • FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of the electrochemical device shown in FIG1 at point A-A;
  • FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrochemical device provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is an exploded view of the structure of the electrochemical device shown in FIG5 ;
  • FIG7 is a cross-sectional view of the electrochemical device shown in FIG5 at point B-B;
  • FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrochemical device in the present application can be any device capable of generating an electrochemical reaction, that is, the electrochemical device can be a primary battery or a secondary battery.
  • the secondary battery can be a lithium secondary battery such as a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery, a solid-state battery or a lithium ion polymer secondary battery.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrochemical device provided in one embodiment of the present application
  • FIG2 is an exploded view of the structure of the electrochemical device shown in FIG1
  • FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of the electrochemical device at AA shown in FIG1; please refer to FIG1 to FIG3 together, the electrochemical device includes a housing 10, an electrode assembly 20, a first pole ear 51, a second pole ear 52, a pole column assembly 30 and a circuit board 40.
  • the housing 10 is a mounting support structure for the aforementioned components
  • the pole column assembly 30 is mounted on the housing 10 and is insulated from the housing 10.
  • the electrode assembly 20 is accommodated in the housing 10, the first pole ear 51 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 20 and the pole column assembly 30, respectively, and the second pole ear 52 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 20 and the housing 10, respectively.
  • the circuit board 40 is fixed on the housing 10, and the circuit board 40 is electrically connected to the pole assembly 30 and the housing 10 respectively.
  • the circuit board 40 is used to be electrically connected to the load of the electrical device to provide electrical energy to the load, or the circuit board 40 is used to be electrically connected to the energy supply device to supplement the electrical energy to the electrode assembly 20 in the electrochemical device.
  • the circuit board 40 can also protect the electrochemical device, for example, it can protect the electrochemical device from over-discharge, over-charge, over-current and realize output short-circuit protection.
  • the electrochemical device may also include an electrolyte, and the electrolyte is filled in the interior of the housing 10, so that the electrode assembly 20 can be immersed in the electrolyte.
  • each direction is defined using the coordinate system in Figure 1.
  • the coordinate axis W represents the first direction, which is the direction in which the third side wall 1123 and the fourth side wall 1124 of the shell 10 are relatively arranged, parallel to the plane where the electrochemical device is located, and is also the width direction of the main body in the electrochemical device.
  • the coordinate axis L represents the second direction, which is the direction in which the first side wall 1121 and the second side wall 1122 of the main body 11 are relatively arranged, also parallel to the plane where the electrochemical device is located, and is also the length direction of the main body in the electrochemical device.
  • the coordinate axis D represents the third direction, which is the direction in which the first top wall 111 and the first bottom wall 113 of the main body 11 are relatively arranged, and is also the direction in which the pole pieces in the electrode assembly 20 are stacked, and is also the thickness direction of the main body in the electrochemical device, which is perpendicular to the plane where the electrochemical device is located.
  • any two of the coordinate axes D, L, and W are perpendicular to each other.
  • the housing 10 can be made of a conductive metal material such as steel or steel alloy, and has a corrosion-resistant coating inside, thereby being able to resist complex working conditions such as high temperature, high pressure and high corrosion inside the housing 10.
  • the housing 10 is roughly in the shape of a flat cube, and includes a main body 11 and a first protruding portion 12.
  • the first protruding portion 12 and the main body 11 together define a receiving space (not shown) for accommodating the circuit board 40.
  • the main body 11 has a first top wall 111, a first bottom wall 113, and a first frame (not shown) formed by bending and extending from the periphery of the first top wall 111.
  • the first frame includes a first side wall 1121, a second side wall 1122, a third side wall 1123, and a fourth side wall 1124 connected end to end in sequence.
  • the first side wall 1121 and the second side wall 1122 are arranged opposite to each other, and the third side wall 1123 and the fourth side wall 1124 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the first protruding portion 12 is located at one end of the first side wall 1121 along the first direction W, and the first protruding portion 12 is obtained by extending from the first side wall 1121 toward the direction outside the main body 11 (the second direction L).
  • the first protruding portion 12 has a second top wall 121, a second bottom wall 122, and a second frame (not shown) formed by bending and extending from the periphery of the second top wall 121.
  • the second top wall 121 is obtained by bending the first area 1121a of the first side wall 1121 of the main body 11 toward the first direction W and then bending and extending toward the direction outside the main body 11 (i.e., the second direction L). That is, the second top wall 121, the first frame, the first top wall 111 of the main body, and the first frame of the main body are an integral structure.
  • the second bottom wall 122 is part of the first bottom wall 113 of the main body.
  • the second bottom wall 122 and the first bottom wall 113 of the main body are extended in the direction outside the main body 11, that is, the second bottom wall 122 and the first bottom wall 113 of the main body are an integral structure.
  • the thickness of the first protruding portion 12 of the shell 10 is less than the thickness of the main body 11
  • the size of the first protruding portion 12 is less than the size of the main body 11
  • the end surface of the first frame away from the first top wall 111 can be connected to the first bottom wall 113 by but not limited to bonding, gluing, welding, mechanical fastening or coupling, thereby defining a first cavity 11a for sealing the electrode assembly 20 together with the first bottom wall 113.
  • the end surface of the second frame away from the second top wall 121 can also be connected to the second bottom wall 122 in the same way, thereby defining a second cavity 12a for accommodating part of the first pole ear 51 together with the second bottom wall 122, wherein the second area 1121b of the first side wall 1121 of the main body 11 and the second frame of the first protruding portion 12 are enclosed together to form the above-mentioned receiving space, wherein the first area 1121a and the second area 1121b are arranged in sequence along the first direction W. It is understandable that the specific structure of the shell 10 is not limited thereto.
  • the shell 10 may be a regular shape such as a flat rectangular parallelepiped or a cube, cylinder, prism, pyramid, etc. as shown in FIG. 5 , which mainly depends on the specific shape of the electrode assembly 20 accommodated in the shell 10.
  • the first protrusion 12 may also be provided on other side walls except the first side wall 1121 of the first frame.
  • the thickness of the first protrusion 12 may also be the same as the thickness of the main body 11. These are not described in detail here.
  • the second top wall 121 of the first protruding portion 12 is provided with a first through hole 121a and a second through hole 121b both connected to the second cavity 12a.
  • the first through hole 121a is used to install the pole assembly 30 to be described below, and the second through hole 121b can be used as a liquid injection hole.
  • the electrolyte is injected into the second cavity 12a through the second through hole 121b in cooperation with the liquid injection head of the liquid injection equipment, and then flows into the first cavity 11a of the main body 11, thereby infiltrating the electrode assembly 20 accommodated in the first cavity 11a.
  • the second through hole 121b should also be sealed and connected with a liquid injection plug 50 to prevent leakage of the electrolyte in the housing 10.
  • the liquid injection plug 50 may not be limited to the use of bonding, gluing, welding or coupling to form an airtight seal with the second top wall 121 of the first protruding portion 12.
  • the second through hole 121b and the injection plug 50 can also be omitted according to actual usage requirements. This further improves the sealing performance of the shell 10 and is conducive to maintaining the stable operation of the electrode assembly 20.
  • the first through hole 121a and the second through hole 121b are spaced apart and arranged on the same surface of the second top wall 121.
  • the number of flipping of the electrochemical device to be assembled can be reduced, and the steps of installing the pole assembly 30 and injecting liquid can be completed at the same time, thereby improving the efficiency.
  • the second through hole 121b is closer to the side of the fourth side wall 1124 of the main body 11 relative to the first through hole 121a.
  • the first through hole 121a will be arranged adjacent to the receiving space of the shell 10, and the pole assembly 30 will be arranged at the first through hole 121a.
  • the circuit board 40 After the circuit board 40 is fixed to the receiving space of the shell 10, the circuit board 40 can be electrically connected to the pole assembly 30, which will cause obstruction in the area between the two. Since the second through hole 121b is far away from the first through hole 121a, the second through hole 121b is difficult to be blocked by the blocking area, that is, the second through hole 121b can always be exposed to the second top wall 121 of the first protruding portion 12, so that the electrochemical device can complete the subsequent rehydration process.
  • the electrode assembly 20 is accommodated in the second cavity 12a of the main body 11 and is insulated from the inner surface of the main body 11. Please refer to FIG. 3 in conjunction with FIG. 2.
  • the electrode assembly 20 includes at least one first pole piece (not shown), at least one second pole piece (not shown), and an isolation film (not shown) separating the first pole piece from the second pole piece, wherein the polarities of the first pole piece and the second pole piece are different.
  • a first pole piece, an isolation film, and a second pole piece are alternately stacked in sequence to form a laminated structure.
  • each first pole piece extends out of the laminated structure from one end of the laminated structure close to the first protruding portion 12, and is electrically connected to one end of the first pole ear 51.
  • the other end of the first pole ear 51 extends into the first cavity 11a of the first protruding portion 12 after multiple bending, and is then spot welded, laser welded or ultrasonically welded to the pole assembly 30, wherein the first pole ear 51 can be made of a metal conductive material such as aluminum, and each first pole piece can be a positive pole piece.
  • each second pole piece extends out of the laminated structure from one end of the laminated structure close to the first side wall 1121 of the main body 11, and is electrically connected to one end of the second pole ear 52.
  • the other end of the second pole ear 52 is spot welded, laser welded or ultrasonically welded to the first side wall 1121 of the shell 10 after bending, wherein the second pole ear 52 can be made of a metal conductive material such as copper or nickel, and each second pole piece can be a negative pole piece.
  • the specific structure of the electrode assembly 20 is not specifically limited.
  • the electrode assembly 20 may also be a wound electrode assembly 20.
  • the selection of the first pole piece and the second pole piece in the electrode assembly 20 is actually diverse.
  • the first pole piece and the second pole piece may be formed by a current collector coated with an active material layer on one side, or may be formed by a current collector coated with an active material layer on both sides.
  • the pole assembly 30 is disposed at the first through hole 121a of the second top wall 121, and is electrically connected to the other end of the first pole tab 51.
  • the electrochemical device When the electrochemical device is electrically connected to the load of the electrical device, the electric energy can be sequentially output to the load along the first pole tab 51, the pole assembly 30 and the circuit board 40.
  • the electrochemical device When the electrochemical device is electrically connected to the energy supply device, the electric energy can be input to the electrode assembly 20 via the circuit board 40, the pole assembly 30 and the first pole tab 51.
  • the pole assembly 30 includes a pole 31, a connector 32, and an adhesive layer 33 sandwiched between the pole 31 and the connector 32.
  • the cross section of the pole 31 is roughly T-shaped, and it can be made of a conductive metal material such as aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • the pole 31 has a first end (not shown) and a connecting portion (not shown) integrally formed with the first end, the first end is exposed on the second top wall 121 of the first protruding portion 12, and is electrically connected to the circuit board 40 accommodated in the receiving space on the housing 10.
  • the first end can be connected to the connector 32 by means of the adhesive layer 33 to form an integral structure, so that the pole assembly 30 can be used as a universal part to be applicable to electrochemical devices of different sizes.
  • the connector 32 can be bonded, glued, welded or coupled to the surface of the second top wall 121 away from the second cavity 12a to achieve an airtight seal between the two.
  • the connecting portion extends from the middle part of the first end through the adhesive layer 33, the connecting member 32 and the first through hole 121a of the second top wall 121 in sequence to the second cavity 12a and is electrically connected to the other end of the first pole ear 51.
  • the pole 31 is electrically connected to the first pole piece of the electrode assembly 20 through the first pole ear 51. That is, the housing 10 and the pole 31 have opposite polarities. Based on the consideration of improving the short circuit between the housing 10 and the pole 31, the pole 31 and the housing 10 need to be electrically insulated. Therefore, the connecting portion of the pole 31 must maintain a gap with the housing 10, and at least one of the connecting member 32 and the adhesive layer 33 must be made of an electrically insulating material.
  • the connecting member 32 can be a metal material, which is welded and fixed to the second top wall 121 of the second protruding portion 13.
  • the connector 32 may be made of a non-metallic material and is bonded and fixed to the second top wall 121 of the second protruding portion 13 .
  • the outer diameters of the first end of the pole 31, the adhesive layer 33 and the connector 32 increase in sequence and are distributed in a stepped manner as a whole.
  • the advantage of such a configuration is that, on the one hand, since the first end of the pole 31 has a larger contact area than the connector, it can be conveniently connected to the first end of the pole 31 externally.
  • connection piece 32 and the second top wall 121 of the first protrusion 12 may have a larger contact area, which means that it is convenient to fix the pole assembly 30 to the second top wall 121 while also improving the leakage of electrolyte in the housing 10 from the gap between the two.
  • the pole assembly 30 may be only a pole 31 as constructed above.
  • the first end of the pole 31 may be bonded or glued to the surface of the second top wall 121 away from the second cavity 12a by an insulating sealant or adhesive, so that the connecting portion extends from the middle part of the first end through the first through hole 121a of the second top wall 121 to the second cavity 12a and is electrically connected to the other end of the first pole lug 51.
  • the first end of the pole 31 may also be welded or coupled to the surface of the second top wall 121 away from the second cavity 12a.
  • the pole assembly 30 can also be riveted to the first through hole 121a of the second top wall 121 by a riveting device.
  • the pole assembly 30' can also include a first insulating gasket 32' and a second insulating gasket 33' in addition to the pole 31'.
  • the cross-section of the pole 31' is roughly I-shaped, and it can be made of a conductive metal material such as aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • the pole 31' has a first end (not shown), a second end (not shown), and a connecting portion (not shown) integrally connected to the first end and the second end, respectively.
  • the first end is exposed on the second top wall 121 of the first protruding portion and is electrically connected to the circuit board in the receiving space accommodated in the housing 10.
  • the second end is located in the second cavity 1 and is electrically connected to the other end of the first pole ear 51.
  • the first insulating gasket 32' is sandwiched between the first end and the surface of the second top wall facing the outside of the housing 10. A portion of the first insulating gasket 32' extends from the first through hole 121a into the second cavity 12a.
  • the connecting portion can pass through the portion of the first insulating gasket 32', and under the expansion effect of the connecting portion, the portion of the first insulating gasket 32' and the peripheral wall surface of the first through hole 121a are interference fit.
  • the second insulating gasket 33' is sandwiched between the second end and the surface of the second top wall 121 facing the inside of the second cavity 12a. Under the clamping effect of the second end and the first end, the second insulating gasket 33', the surface of the second top wall 121 facing the inside of the second cavity 12a, and the end face of the first insulating gasket 32' extending into the second cavity 12a are tightly fitted.
  • the fixing by riveting enhances the ultimate connection strength between the pole 31' and the first protruding portion 12, thereby improving the stress weak point at the second through hole 121b of the shell, and improving the mechanical reliability and stability of the electrochemical device.
  • a metal washer 34' is provided between the first end and the first insulating washer 32', thereby dispersing the pressure of the pole 31' on the first insulating washer 32', thereby reducing the defective rate of the riveting of the pole assembly 30'.
  • the inner wall surface of the second top wall 121 where the pole 31 is located is connected to the first pole ear
  • a first insulating member 61 such as insulating tape is provided between the first and second pole tabs 51
  • a second insulating member 62 such as insulating tape is provided between the inner wall surface of the second bottom wall 122 where the pole 31 is located and the first pole tab 51 to prevent electrical contact between the first pole tab 51 and the first protruding portion 12 with different polarity.
  • circuit board 40 please refer to the example shown in FIG. 4 in combination with FIG. 1.
  • the circuit board 40 is roughly in the shape of a flat rectangular parallelepiped, and the longer and thinner end of the circuit board 40 can be fixed to the first side wall 1121 of the housing 10 by an adhesive or a structural member such as a buckle, so that the circuit board 40 is accommodated in the receiving space of the housing 10 in a posture of reducing the thickness of the electrochemical device.
  • the first electrical connection part 41 of the circuit board 40 connected to the pole 31 of the pole assembly 30 and the second electrical connection part 42 connected to the housing 10 are configured to extend out of the circuit board 40 on the side close to the first protruding part 12, and the third electrical connection part 43 of the circuit board 40 connected to the outside is configured to extend out of the circuit board 40 on the side away from the first protruding part 12.
  • Such an arrangement not only saves the space occupied by the electrochemical device along its height direction, but also has better anti-drop performance when the electrochemical device is hit or impacted because the connection points between the circuit board 40 and the housing 10 and the connection points between the circuit board 40 and the pole assembly 30 are staggered.
  • the second electrical connection portion 42 of the circuit board 40 can also be connected to any outer surface of the housing 10, and is not limited to this.
  • the electrochemical device provided in the embodiment of the present application is characterized in that a first protruding portion 12 is locally arranged on the first side wall 1121 of the main body 11. Since the first protruding portion 12 protrudes out of the main body 11 along the second direction L, the first protruding portion 12 will occupy the packaging space of the electrical device along the second direction L, and the circuit board 40 is installed in the receiving space enclosed by the first protruding portion 12 and the first side wall 1121, so that the space occupied by the first protruding portion 12 is effectively utilized by the circuit board 40, thereby reducing the occupied space of the electrical device along the second direction L and the third direction D, that is, the overall design of the subsequent electrical device no longer needs to separately avoid the part where the pole 31 is located, thereby improving the space utilization rate of the electrochemical device.
  • the thickness of the main body 11 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than 3 mm, for example, a total thickness of 1.8 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.6 mm or 1.5 mm.
  • the thickness D1 of the first protrusion 12 (the distance between the two ends of the first protrusion along the third direction D) can be 1 mm to 3 mm, or more specifically 1 mm to 1.5 mm, so as to meet the use requirement that the total thickness of the connection between the first protrusion 12 and the circuit board 40 is less than or equal to the total thickness of the main body 11 as much as possible.
  • Other structural parameters of the first protrusion 12 such as width and length also need to be selected according to the width and length of the circuit board 40.
  • the length L1 of the first protrusion i.e., the distance between the two ends of the first protrusion along the second direction L1
  • the width W1 of the first protruding portion 12 can be 3 mm to 25 mm, so that the first protruding portion 12 can still meet the structural strength of the first protruding portion 12 itself while the first through hole 121a and the second through hole 121b are formed.
  • the end of the circuit board 40 is not protected by the first protrusion 12.
  • the first side wall 1121 of the main body 11 is also extended with a second protrusion 13, and the specific structure of the second protrusion 13 is substantially the same as the specific structure of the first protrusion 12. Please refer to the description of the first protrusion 12, and the description will not be expanded here.
  • the first protrusion 12 is located at one end of the first side wall 1121
  • the second protrusion 13 is located at the other end of the first side wall 1121.
  • the first protrusion 12 and the second protrusion 13 together enclose a receiving space for accommodating the circuit board 40.
  • the third electrical connection part 43 connecting the circuit board 40 to the outside can be configured to be fixed on the second protrusion 13 and insulated from the second protrusion 13.
  • the connection area between the circuit board 40 and the housing 10 is further increased, and the two ends of the circuit board 40 are protected by the first protrusion 12 and the second protrusion 13 respectively, and the anti-drop performance of the electrochemical device in the third direction D is improved.
  • each second pole piece can be configured to be arranged near one end of the second protrusion 13, and the blank current collector of each second pole piece extends out of the laminated structure from one end of the laminated structure near the first side wall 1121 of the main body 11, and is electrically connected to one end of the second pole ear 52, and the other end of the second pole ear 52 is spot welded, laser welded or ultrasonically welded to the first side wall 1121 of the housing 10 after being bent.
  • the second electrical connection portion 42 of the circuit board 40 can be configured to be fixed on the second protrusion 13.
  • the present application also provides an electric device.
  • the electric device includes the electrochemical device in any of the above embodiments, and a load powered by the electrochemical device.
  • the electric device includes a mobile phone; it is understandable that in other embodiments of the present application, the electric device may also be a tablet computer, a computer, a drone, or other devices driven by electricity.

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  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

一种电化学装置以及电子装置，该电化学装置包括包括壳体、电极组件、第一极耳和极柱组件，壳体包括主体和第一凸伸部，主体设置有第一空腔，第一凸伸部设置有第二空腔和第一通孔，第一通孔和第一空腔均与第二空腔连通，极柱组件设置于第一通孔，极柱组件与壳体绝缘，电极组件收容于第一空腔，第一极耳的一端与电极组件连接，第一极耳的另一端伸入第二空腔并与极柱组件连接，主体包括第一顶壁，第一凸伸部包括第二顶壁，第一顶壁凸出于第二顶壁，第一通孔设置于第二顶壁。通过上述方式，可提升该电化学装置的空间利用率。

Description

电化学装置以及电子装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电化学装置技术领域，尤其涉及一种电化学装置以及用电装置。
背景技术
厚度薄的电池，因其自耗电低、循环寿命长以及定制化程度高等特点，被广泛应用于物联网领域或者智能穿戴领域。一般来说，电池的总厚度大致等同于由两侧封装材料、正负极片以及隔离膜的厚度之和，而为了实现电池的减薄，相关技术中通常采用单片单面涂覆有活性物质的正负极片和单层隔离膜制成的电极组件来降低电池的总厚度。然而，电路板与极柱所在部分受限于结构设计分别位于电池的不同平面上，这会导致后续用电装置的整机设计时对极柱所在部分或电路板单独进行避让处理，降低了电化学装置的空间利用率。
申请内容
鉴于相关技术存在的缺陷，本申请的目的在于提供一种电化学装置以及用电装置，可提升电化学装置的空间利用率。
根据本申请的第一方面，提供一种电化学装置，包括壳体、电极组件、第一极耳和极柱组件。所述壳体包括主体和第一凸伸部，所述主体设置有第一空腔，所述第一凸伸部设置有第二空腔和第一通孔，所述第一通孔和所述第一空腔均与第二空腔连通。所述极柱组件设置于所述第一通孔，所述极柱组件与所述壳体绝缘，所述电极组件收容于所述第一空腔，所述第一极耳的一端与所述电极组件连接，所述第一极耳的另一端伸入所述第二空腔并与所述极柱组件连接。所述主体包括第一顶壁，所述第一凸伸部包括第二顶壁，所述第一顶壁凸出于所述第二顶壁，所述第一通孔设置于所述第二顶壁。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述第一凸伸部沿所述主体的厚度方向两端之间的距离为1.00mm至3.00mm。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述第一凸伸部沿所述主体的宽度方向两端之间的距离为3mm至25mm。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述第一凸伸部沿所述主体的长度方向两端之间的距离为3mm至6mm。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述主体还包括第一底壁，沿所述主体的厚度方向，所述第一底壁与所述第一顶壁相对设置。
所述第一凸伸部还包括第二底壁，沿所述主体的厚度方向，所述第二底壁与所述第二顶壁相对设置，所述第二底壁与所述第一底壁齐平。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述壳体的第一侧壁包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一侧壁在所述第一区域沿所述主体的长度方向延伸形成所述第一凸伸部，所述第一凸伸部与所述第二区域构成收容空间。
所述电化学装置还包括电路板，所述电路板固定于所述收容空间，所述电路板具有被配置为靠近所述第一凸伸部的一侧伸出所述电路板外的第一电连接部，所述第一电连接部电连接于所述极柱组件，所述第一电连接部被布置于所述第一顶壁和第二顶壁之间。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述电路板具有第二电连接部，所述电化学装置还包括第二极耳，所述第二极耳的一端与电极组件电连接，所述第二极耳的另一端和所述第二电连接部均与所述壳体电连接。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述第二电连接部电连接于所述第一凸伸部的外表面，所述第一凸伸部与所述第二电连接部的连接点和所述第一通孔均位于所述第一凸伸部的同一侧。
在本申请一些实施方式中，自所述第二区域沿所述主体的长度方向还延伸有第二凸伸部，沿所述主体的宽度方向，所述第一凸伸部和第二凸伸部位于所述第一侧壁的两端，所述电路板位于所述第一凸伸部和第二凸伸部之间。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述极柱组件包括极柱、连接件以及夹设于所述极柱和所述连接件之间的粘接层。所述连接件固定于所述第一凸伸部，所述极柱具有第一端部和连接部，所述第一端部位于所述第一凸伸部外，所述第一端部与所述电路板电连接，所述连接部的一端与所述第一端部连接，所述连接部的另一端依次穿过所述粘接层、连接件和第一通孔后与所述第一极耳的另一端连接，并且所述连接部的外周缘与所述第一通孔的壁面具有间隙。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述极柱组件包括极柱、第一绝缘垫圈和第二绝缘垫圈。所述极柱具有第一端部、连接部和第二端部，所述第一端部位于所述第一凸伸部外，并与所述电路板电连接，所述第二端部位于所述第二空腔内，并与所述电极组件电连接，所述连接部穿过所述第一通孔并分别与所述第一端 部和第二端部连接，在所述第一端部和第二端部的收缩作用下，所述第一绝缘垫圈夹设于所述第一端部和第一凸伸部之间，所述第二绝缘垫圈夹设于所述第二端部和第二凸伸部之间，其中，所述第一绝缘垫圈将所述第一凸伸部与所述连接部绝缘。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述极柱组件还包括金属垫圈，所述金属垫圈垫设于所述第一端部和第一绝缘垫圈之间。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述电化学装置还包括第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件，所述第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件均设置于所述第一凸伸部的内壁面。
沿所述电化学装置的厚度方向，所述第一极耳位于所述第二绝缘件和所述第一绝缘件之间。
在本申请一些实施方式中，所述第一凸伸部还设置有第二通孔，所述第二通孔与所述第二空腔连通。
所述电化学装置还包括注液塞，所述注液塞设置于所述第二通孔。
根据本申请的另一方面，还提供一种用电装置，其包括上述所述的电化学装置。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非特别申明，附图中的尺寸不构成比例限制。
图1为本申请其中一实施例提供的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的电化学装置的结构爆炸图；
图3为图1所示的电化学装置中A-A处剖切图；
图4为本申请另一实施例提供的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图5为本申请又一实施例提供的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图6为图5所示的电化学装置的结构爆炸图；
图7为图5所示的电化学装置中B-B处剖切图；
图8为本申请还一实施例提供的电化学装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。
在本申请的描述中，应当说明的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制；方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
在本申请的描述中，应当说明的是，使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件，仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制。
本申请中的电化学装置可为所有能够发生电化学反应的装置，即该电化学装置可为原电池或二次电池。举例来说，二次电池可为锂金属二次电池、锂离子二次电池、锂聚合物二次电池、固态电池或锂离子聚合物二次电池等锂二次电池。
图1为本申请其中一实施例提供的电化学装置的结构示意图；图2为图1所示的电化学装置的结构爆炸图；图3为图1所示的电化学装置A-A处剖切图；请一并参阅图1至图3，该电化学装置包括壳体10、电极组件20、第一极耳51、第二极耳52、极柱组件30和电路板40。壳体10为前述各部件的安装支撑结构，极柱组件30安装于壳体10上，并与壳体10相绝缘。电极组件20容置于壳体10内，第一极耳51分别电连接于电极组件20和极柱组件30，第二极耳52分别电连接于电极组件20和壳体10。电路板40固定于壳体10上，电路板40分别电连接于极柱组件30和壳体10，电路板40用于与用电装置的负载电连接，以对负载提供电能，或者电路板40用于与供能装置电连接，以对电化学装置中的电极组件20补充电能，另外，电路板40还可对电化学装置进行保护，例如可以保护电化学装置不过放、不过充、不过流以及实现输出短路保护。此外，该电化学装置还可包括电解液，电解液填充于壳体10的内部，从而电极组件20可浸润于电解液中。
为了在接下来能够清楚地描述各方位，利用图1中的坐标系对各方向进行了定义。其中，坐标轴W表示第一方向，其为壳体10的第三侧壁1123和第四侧壁1124相对布置的方向，与电化学装置所在的平面相平行，也是电化学装置中主体的宽度方向。坐标轴L表示第二方向，其为主体11的第一侧壁1121和第二侧壁1122相对布置的方向，也与电化学装置所在的平面相平行，同时也是电化学装置中主体的长度方向。坐标轴D表示第三方向，其为主体11的第一顶壁111和第一底壁113相对布置的方向，也为电极组件20中的各极片堆叠的方向，同时也是电化学装置中主体的厚度方向，其垂直于电化学装置所在的平面，换句话说，坐标轴D、坐标轴L和坐标轴W中的任一两者两两垂直。
基于上述方位定义，接下来，结合附图所例示的各实施方式对壳体10、电极组件20、极柱组件30和的具体构造展开说明，且下面所采用的“上”、“下”、“顶”、“底”等表示方位或位置关系的名词，均相对第三方向而言。在不冲突的情况下，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征均可以相互组合。
对于上述壳体10，壳体10可采用诸如钢或钢合金等导电金属材料制成，并且其内部具有耐腐蚀性涂层，由此可抵抗壳体10内部存在的高温高压高腐蚀等复杂工况。请结合图2一并参阅图3，在本申请实施例中，壳体10大致呈扁正方体状，其包括主体11和第一凸伸部12，第一凸伸部12与主体11共同限定出容置电路板40的收容空间(未示出)。
主体11具有第一顶壁111、第一底壁113以及自第一顶壁111的周沿弯折延伸形成的第一边框(未示出)，第一边框包括依次首尾连接的第一侧壁1121、第二侧壁1122以及第三侧壁1123、第四侧壁1124。第一侧壁1121和第二侧壁1122相对设置，第三侧壁1123和第四侧壁1124相对设置。第一凸伸部12位于第一侧壁1121沿第一方向W的一端，第一凸伸部12是自第一侧壁1121朝主体11外的方向(第二方向L)延伸得到的。
第一凸伸部12具有第二顶壁121、第二底壁122以及自第二顶壁121的周沿弯折延伸形成的第二边框(未示出)，第二顶壁121为主体11的第一侧壁1121的第一区域1121a先朝第一方向W弯折再朝主体11外的方向(即第二方向L)弯折延伸得到的，即第二顶壁121、第一边框、主体的第一顶壁111以及主体的第一边框为一整体结构。第二底壁122则为主体的部分第一底壁113 朝主体11外的方向延伸得到的，即第二底壁122和主体的第一底壁113为一整体结构。其中，除壳体10的第一凸伸部12的厚度小于主体11的厚度，以及第一凸伸部12的尺寸小于主体11的尺寸以外，二者的构造并无其他不同。第一边框远离第一顶壁111的端面可通过但不限于粘接、胶合、焊接、机械紧固或耦接到第一底壁113，从而与第一底壁113一同限定出用于密封电极组件20的第一空腔11a。第二边框远离第二顶壁121的端面亦可采用同样的连接方式到第二底壁122，从而与第二底壁122一同限定出用于容置部分第一极耳51的第二空腔12a，其中，主体11的第一侧壁1121的第二区域1121b与第一凸伸部12的第二边框共同围合形成上述收容空间，其中，第一区域1121a和第二区域1121b沿第一方向W依次设置。可以理解的是，壳体10的具体构造并不局限于此，例如，在本申请其他一些实施例中，壳体10可为诸如图5所示的扁长方体或者立方体、圆柱体、棱柱体、椎体等规则形状，其主要取决于容置于壳体10内的电极组件20的具体形状。还有，在本申请其他一些实施例中，第一凸伸部12亦可设于除第一边框的第一侧壁1121之外的其他侧壁上。以及，在本申请其他一些实施例中，第一凸伸部12的厚度亦可与主体11的厚度相同。这些在此均不再展开描述。
请继续参阅图2，第一凸伸部12的第二顶壁121开设有均连通第二空腔12a的第一通孔121a和第二通孔121b。第一通孔121a用于安装下文将要展开描述的极柱组件30，第二通孔121b可作为注液孔，在电化学装置进行注液工序时，与注液设备的注液头相配合，通过此第二通孔121b向第二空腔12a内注入电解液，进而流入主体11的第一空腔11a内，从而浸润容置于第一空腔11a内的电极组件20。在完成注液工序后，第二通孔121b处还应当密封连接有注液塞50以防止壳体10内的电解液泄漏，注液塞50可不限于采用粘结、胶合、焊接或耦接与第一凸伸部12的第二顶壁121之间形成气密密封。当然，当电极组件20不依靠电解液仍可实现正负极之间传导电子时，第二通孔121b以及注液塞50亦可根据实际使用需求不设置，如此便进一步改善了壳体10的密封性，有利于维持电极组件20的稳定运行。
进一步地，沿第一方向W，第一通孔121a和第二通孔121b间隔设置于第二顶壁121的同一表面。在电化学装置的装配工序中，可减少待装配电化学装置的翻转次数，便可一并完成安装极柱组件30和注液的操作步骤，进而提升了 电化学装置的装配效率。更进一步地，第二通孔121b相对于第一通孔121a更靠近主体11的第四侧壁1124的一侧。换句话说，第一通孔121a会与壳体10的收容空间相邻设置，而极柱组件30会设置于第一通孔121a处，在电路板40固定于壳体10的收容空间后，电路板40可与极柱组件30电连接会对二者之间的区域内造成遮挡，由于第二通孔121b远离第一通孔121a，从而第二通孔121b难以被该遮挡区域遮挡，即第二通孔121b可始终裸露于第一凸伸部12的第二顶壁121，以便于该电化学装置完成后续的补液工序。
对于上述电极组件20，电极组件20容置于主体11的第二空腔12a内，并与主体11的内表面相绝缘。请结合图2一并参阅图3，在本申请实施例中，电极组件20包括至少一个第一极片(图未示)、至少一个第二极片(图未示)以及将第一极片和第二极片分隔开的隔离膜(图未示)，其中，第一极片和第二极片的极性相异。沿第三方向D，一第一极片、一隔离膜以及一第二极片依次交替叠置而形成叠层结构。各个第一极片的空白集流体均自该叠层结构靠近第一凸伸部12的一端伸出叠层结构外，并电连接于第一极耳51的一端，第一极耳51的另一端经多次弯折后伸出至第一凸伸部12的第一空腔11a内，进而被点焊、激光焊接或超声焊接到极柱组件30，其中，第一极耳51可采用金属导电材料诸如铝制成，则各个第一极片均可为正极极片。各个第二极片的空白集流体均自该叠层结构靠近主体11的第一侧壁1121的一端伸出叠层结构外，并电连接于第二极耳52的一端，第二极耳52的另一端经弯折后被点焊、激光焊接或超声焊接到壳体10的第一侧壁1121上，其中，第二极耳52可采用金属导电材料诸如铜或镍制成，则各个第二极片均可为负极极片。可以理解的是，电极组件20的具体构造可不作具体限定。例如，在本申请其他一些实施例中，电极组件20亦可为卷绕式电极组件20。另外，电极组件20中第一极片和第二极片的选择实则是多样的。例如，第一极片和第二极片可以是单面涂覆活性物质层的集流体而成，也可以是双面均涂覆活性物质层的集流体而成。
对于上述极柱组件30，极柱组件30设置于第二顶壁121的第一通孔121a处，其与第一极耳51的另一端电连接，当电化学装置与用电装置的负载电连接时，电能可依次沿第一极耳51、极柱组件30和电路板40输出至负载。当电化学装置与供能装置电连接时，电能可经由电路板40、极柱组件30和第一极耳51输入至电极组件20。
请继续参阅图3示出的示例，在本申请实施例中，极柱组件30包括极柱31、连接件32以及夹设于极柱31和连接件32之间的粘接层33。该极柱31的横截面大致呈T字形，其可采用诸如铝或铝合金等导电金属材料制成。具体来说，该极柱31具有第一端部(未示出)以及与第一端部一体成型的连接部(未示出)，第一端部显露于第一凸伸部12的第二顶壁121上，并与容置于壳体10上的收容空间的电路板40电连接。第一端部可借助粘接层33与连接件32连接而形成一整体结构，如此该极柱组件30便可作为通用件以适用于不同尺寸的电化学装置。连接件32可通过粘结、胶合、焊接或耦接至第二顶壁121背离第二空腔12a的表面，以在二者之间实现气密密封。连接部自第一端部的中间部分依次穿过粘接层33、连接件32和第二顶壁121的第一通孔121a后延伸至第二空腔12a内与第一极耳51的另一端电连接。需要注意的是，由于壳体10是通过第二极耳52与电极组件20的第二极片电连接的，极柱31是通过第一极耳51与电极组件20的第一极片电连接的。即壳体10与极柱31存在相反极性，基于改善壳体10与极柱31之间相短接的角度考虑，极柱31与壳体10之间需要电绝缘处理。由此极柱31的连接部须与壳体10保持间隙，同时连接件32和粘接层33中的至少一者须采用电绝缘材料。例如，当粘接层33采用非导电密封胶固化而成时，连接件32可为金属材料，其与第二凸伸部13的第二顶壁121焊接固定。或者，当粘接层33采用导电密封胶固化而成时，连接件32可为非金属材料，其与第二凸伸部13的第二顶壁121粘结固定。
进一步地，沿壳体10的第一凸伸部12外至第一凸伸部12的第二空腔12a内的方向(第三方向D)观察，极柱31的第一端部、粘接层33和连接件32的外径依次增大并整体呈阶梯状分布。这样设置的好处在于，一方面，由于极柱31的第一端部相较于连接部而言具有更大的接触面积，从而可方便地外部与极柱31的第一端部相连接。另一方面，由于粘接层33的自身面积大于极柱31的第一端部且小于连接件32的自身面积，即极柱31的第一端部通过粘接层33与连接件32分隔开，从而改善了在电化学装置与电路板40电连接时电路板40与连接件32相短接的情形。还一方面，连接件32与第一凸伸部12的第二顶壁121之间可具有较大的接触面积，这意味着便于将极柱组件30固定于第二顶壁121的同时，也改善了壳体10内的电解液从二者之间的间隙处泄露的情形发生。
当然，极柱组件30的具体构造并不限于此，例如，在本申请其他一些实施例中，极柱组件30可仅为如上述构造的极柱31，此时，极柱31的第一端部可通过绝缘密封胶或粘接件粘结、胶合至第二顶壁121背离第二空腔12a的表面，以使得连接部自第一端部的中间部分穿过第二顶壁121的第一通孔121a后延伸至第二空腔12a内与第一极耳51的另一端电连接。另外，若带有相反极性的第二极耳52经过绝缘处理后伸出壳体10外以与负载电连接，则极柱31的第一端部还可通过焊接或耦接至第二顶壁121背离第二空腔12a的表面。
仍可以理解的是，极柱组件30还可通过铆压设备铆合于第二顶壁121的第一通孔121a处。如图5至图7所示，在本申请其他一些实施例中，与上述极柱组件30不同之处在于，极柱组件30’除极柱31’之外还可包括第一绝缘垫圈32’和第二绝缘垫圈33’。该极柱31’的横截面大致呈工字形，其可采用诸如铝或铝合金等导电金属材料制成。具体来说，该极柱31’具有第一端部(未示出)、第二端部(未示出)以及分别与第一端部和第二端部一体连接的连接部(未示出)，第一端部显露于第一凸伸部的第二顶壁121上，并与容置于壳体10上的收容空间的电路板电连接，第二端部位于第二空腔1内，并与第一极耳51的另一端电连接。第一绝缘垫圈32’夹设于第一端部和第二顶壁朝向壳体10外的表面之间，部分第一绝缘垫圈32’自第一通孔121a处伸入第二空腔12a内，连接部可穿过该部分第一绝缘垫圈32’，并在连接部的撑开作用下该部分第一绝缘垫圈32’与第一通孔121a的周壁面过盈配合。第二绝缘垫圈33’夹设于第二端部和第二顶壁121朝向第二空腔12a内的表面之间，并在第二端部和第一端部的夹紧作用下，第二绝缘垫圈33’、第二顶壁121朝向第二空腔12a内的表面以及第一绝缘垫圈32’伸入第二空腔12a内的端面紧密贴合。相较于极柱31’与第一凸伸部12采用粘接或焊接等连接方式固定而言，采用铆接固定使得极柱31’与第一凸伸部12的极限连接强度得以增强，从而改善了壳体的第二通孔121b处的应力薄弱点，提升了该电化学装置的机械可靠性和稳定性。进一步地，第一端部和第一绝缘垫圈32’之间垫设有金属垫圈34’，由此可分散极柱31’对第一绝缘垫圈32’的压力，从而降低了极柱组件30’铆接的不良率。
为了改善第一极耳51与壳体10相短接的情形，尤其是与极柱组件30的极柱31相连接的极耳一端，在极柱31所在的第二顶壁121的内壁面与第一极耳 51之间设有诸如绝缘胶纸的第一绝缘件61，以及在极柱31所在的第二底壁122的内壁面与第一极耳51之间设置诸如绝缘胶纸的第二绝缘件62，以防止第一极耳51与极性相异的第一凸伸部12之间的电接触。
对于上述电路板40，请结合图1一并参阅图4示出的示例，在本申请实施例中，电路板40大致呈扁长方体状，电路板40较长且较薄的一端可通过粘接件或诸如卡扣等结构件固定于壳体10的第一侧壁1121，使得电路板40以降低电化学装置厚度的姿态容置于壳体10的收容空间内。而为了节省电化学装置的占用空间，进一步地，电路板40与极柱组件30的极柱31相连接的第一电连接部41、与壳体10相连接的第二电连接部42被配置为靠近第一凸伸部12的一侧伸出电路板40外，而电路板40与外部连接的第三电连接部43被配置为远离第一凸伸部12的一侧伸出电路板40外。如此设置，不仅可节省电化学装置沿其高度方向的占用空间，还由于电路板40与壳体10的连接点和电路板40与极柱组件30的连接点交错设置，而在电化学装置受到撞击或冲击的工况下具有较好地抗跌落性能。当然，电路板40的第二电连接部42亦可与壳体10的任一外表面连接，并不局限于此。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的电化学装置，通过在主体11的第一侧壁1121上局部设置第一凸伸部12，由于第一凸伸部12沿第二方向L突出于主体11外，因此第一凸伸部12会占用用电装置沿第二方向L的封装空间，而将电路板40安装于第一凸伸部12与第一侧壁1121围合成的收容空间内，使得第一凸伸部12引起的空间占用被电路板40有效利用，从而减少了用电装置沿第二方向L和第三方向D的占用空间，即后续用电装置的整机设计可不再对极柱31所在的部分单独进行避让处理，进而提升了该电化学装置的空间利用率。
在此应当补充说明的是，当该电化学装置为薄型电化学装置时，如图1所示，主体11的厚度(即主体11沿第三方向D的两端之间的距离)为大于等于1mm且小于3mm，例如，1.8mm、1.7mm、1.6mm或1.5mm的总厚度。第一凸伸部12的厚度D1(第一凸伸部沿第三方向D的两端之间的距离)可为1mm至3mm，或为更具体地1mm至1.5mm，从而尽可能地满足第一凸伸部12与电路板40的连接部的总厚度小于或等于主体11的总厚度的使用需求。而第一凸伸部12诸如宽度和长度的其他结构参数也需要根据电路板40的宽度和长度而取舍，例如，第一凸伸部的长度L1(即第一凸伸部沿第二方向L1的两端之间的距离) 可为3mm至6mm，或为更具体地4mm至5.5mm。第一凸伸部12的宽度W1(第一凸伸部沿第一方向W两端之间的距离)可为3mm至25mm，从而在开设出第一通孔121a和第二通孔121b的同时仍能满足第一凸伸部12自身的结构强度。
为了改善该电化学装置的抗跌落性能，尤其是沿第一方向W，电路板40未被第一凸伸部12保护的一端。如图8所示，在本申请其他一些实施例中，主体11的第一侧壁1121还延伸有第二凸伸部13，第二凸伸部13的具体构造与第一凸伸部12的具体构造大体相同，可参考第一凸伸部12的描述，在此不再展开描述。沿第一方向W，第一凸伸部12位于第一侧壁1121的一端，第二凸伸部13位于第一侧壁1121的另一端，第一凸伸部12和第二凸伸部13共同围合成容置电路板40的收容空间，电路板40与外部连接的第三电连接部43可被配置为固定于第二凸伸部13上，并与第二凸伸部13相绝缘。由此，电路板40与壳体10之间的连接面积进一步增加，并且电路板40的两端部分别被第一凸伸部12和第二凸伸部13所保护，该电化学装置在第三方向D上的抗跌落性能得以改善。进一步地，各个第二极片的空白集流体可被配置为靠近第二凸伸部13的一端设置，各个第二极片的空白集流体均自该叠层结构靠近主体11的第一侧壁1121的一端伸出叠层结构外，并电连接于第二极耳52的一端，第二极耳52的另一端经弯折后被点焊、激光焊接或超声焊接到壳体10的诸如第一侧壁1121上。除此之外，电路板40的第二电连接部42可被配置为固定于第二凸伸部13上。
基于同一发明构思，本申请还提供一种用电装置。该用电装置包括上述任一实施例中的电化学装置，以及由该电化学装置进行供电的负载。本实施例中，该用电装置包括手机；可以理解的是，在本申请的其他实施例中，用电装置还可以是平板电脑、电脑、无人机等其他由电力驱动的装置。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电化学装置，包括壳体、电极组件、第一极耳和极柱组件，所述壳体包括主体和第一凸伸部，所述主体设置有第一空腔，所述第一凸伸部设置有第二空腔和第一通孔，所述第一通孔和所述第一空腔均与第二空腔连通，所述极柱组件设置于所述第一通孔，所述极柱组件与所述壳体绝缘，所述电极组件收容于所述第一空腔，所述第一极耳的一端与所述电极组件连接，所述第一极耳的另一端伸入所述第二空腔并与所述极柱组件连接，其特征在于，
    所述主体包括第一顶壁，所述第一凸伸部包括第二顶壁，所述第一顶壁凸出于所述第二顶壁，所述第一通孔设置于所述第二顶壁。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一凸伸部满足以下条件中至少一个：
    (1)、所述第一凸伸部沿所述主体的厚度方向两端之间的距离为1.00mm至3.00mm；
    (2)、所述第一凸伸部沿所述主体的宽度方向两端之间的距离为3mm至25mm；
    (3)、所述第一凸伸部沿所述主体的长度方向两端之间的距离为3mm至6mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述主体还包括第一底壁，沿所述主体的厚度方向，所述第一底壁与所述第一顶壁相对设置；
    所述第一凸伸部还包括第二底壁，沿所述主体的厚度方向，所述第二底壁与所述第二顶壁相对设置，所述第二底壁与所述第一底壁齐平。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述壳体的第一侧壁包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一侧壁在所述第一区域沿所述主体的长度方向延伸形成所述第一凸伸部，所述第一凸伸部与所述第二区域构成收容空间；
    所述电化学装置还包括电路板，所述电路板固定于所述收容空间，所述电路板具有被配置为靠近所述第一凸伸部的一侧伸出所述电路板外的第一电连接 部，所述第一电连接部电连接于所述极柱组件，所述第一电连接部被布置于所述第一顶壁和第二顶壁之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电路板具有第二电连接部；所述电化学装置还包括第二极耳，所述第二极耳的一端与电极组件电连接，所述第二极耳的另一端和所述第二电连接部均与所述壳体电连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第二电连接部电连接于所述第一凸伸部的外表面，所述第一凸伸部与所述第二电连接部的连接点和所述第一通孔均位于所述第一凸伸部的同一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，自所述第二区域沿所述主体的长度方向还延伸有第二凸伸部，沿所述主体的宽度方向，所述第一凸伸部和第二凸伸部位于所述第一侧壁的两端，所述电路板位于所述第一凸伸部和第二凸伸部之间。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述极柱组件包括极柱、连接件以及夹设于所述极柱和所述连接件之间的粘接层，所述连接件固定于所述第一凸伸部，所述极柱具有第一端部和连接部，所述第一端部位于所述第一凸伸部外，所述第一端部与所述电路板电连接，所述连接部的一端与所述第一端部连接，所述连接部的另一端依次穿过所述粘接层、连接件和第一通孔后与所述第一极耳的另一端连接，并且所述连接部的外周缘与所述第一通孔的壁面具有间隙。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述极柱组件包括极柱、第一绝缘垫圈和第二绝缘垫圈，所述极柱具有第一端部、连接部和第二端部，所述第一端部位于所述第一凸伸部外，并与所述电路板电连接，所述第二端部位于所述第二空腔内，并与所述电极组件电连接，所述连接部穿过所述第一通孔并分别与所述第一端部和第二端部连接，在所述第一端部和第二端部的收缩作用下，所述第一绝缘垫圈夹设于所述第一端部和第一凸伸部之间，所述 第二绝缘垫圈夹设于所述第二端部和第二凸伸部之间，其中，所述第一绝缘垫圈将所述第一凸伸部与所述连接部绝缘。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述极柱组件还包括金属垫圈，所述金属垫圈垫设于所述第一端部和第一绝缘垫圈之间。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电化学装置还包括第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件，所述第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件均设置于所述第一凸伸部的内壁面；
    沿所述电化学装置的厚度方向，所述第一极耳位于所述第二绝缘件和所述第一绝缘件之间。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一凸伸部还设置有第二通孔，所述第二通孔与所述第二空腔连通；
    所述电化学装置还包括注液塞，所述注液塞设置于所述第二通孔。
  13. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电化学装置。
PCT/CN2023/115592 2022-12-05 2023-08-29 电化学装置以及电子装置 Ceased WO2024119911A1 (zh)

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