WO2024019072A1 - 有機電界発光素子 - Google Patents
有機電界発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024019072A1 WO2024019072A1 PCT/JP2023/026358 JP2023026358W WO2024019072A1 WO 2024019072 A1 WO2024019072 A1 WO 2024019072A1 JP 2023026358 W JP2023026358 W JP 2023026358W WO 2024019072 A1 WO2024019072 A1 WO 2024019072A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device (hereinafter referred to as an organic EL device), and specifically relates to an organic EL device containing a specific mixed host material.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an organic EL element that utilizes a TTF (Triplet-Triplet Fusion) mechanism, which is one of the mechanisms of delayed fluorescence.
- TTF Triplet-Triplet Fusion
- the TTF mechanism utilizes the phenomenon in which a singlet exciton is generated by the collision of two triplet excitons, and is thought to be able to theoretically increase the internal quantum efficiency to 40%.
- the efficiency is lower than that of phosphorescent organic EL devices, further improvement in efficiency and low voltage characteristics are required.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an organic EL element that utilizes a TADF (Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence) mechanism.
- the TADF mechanism utilizes the phenomenon that reverse intersystem crossing occurs from triplet excitons to singlet excitons in materials with a small energy difference between the singlet and triplet levels, and theoretically increases the internal quantum efficiency. It is believed that this can be increased to 100%.
- Patent Document 3 discloses the use of an indolocarbazole compound as a host material for a light emitting layer.
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 disclose the use of an indolocarbazole compound and a biscarbazole compound as a mixed host material for a light emitting layer.
- Patent Documents 6, 7, and 8 disclose the use of an indolocarbazole compound substituted with a phenyldibenzofuran group as a host material for a light-emitting layer.
- Patent Documents 9 and 10 disclose the use of an indolocarbazole compound substituted with a phenyldibenzofuran group and a biscarbazole compound as a mixed host material for a light-emitting layer.
- organic EL displays are thin and lightweight, have high contrast, and are capable of high-speed video display, and are highly praised for their design features such as curved surfaces and flexibility, and are widely used in displays such as mobiles and TVs. Widely applied to equipment.
- organic EL displays are thin and lightweight, have high contrast, and are capable of high-speed video display, and are highly praised for their design features such as curved surfaces and flexibility, and are widely used in displays such as mobiles and TVs. Widely applied to equipment.
- it is necessary to further lower the voltage, and as a light source, it is inferior to inorganic LEDs in terms of brightness and lifespan, so improvements in efficiency and element lifespan are required. There is a need for improvement.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a practically useful organic EL element having low voltage, high efficiency, and long life characteristics.
- an organic electroluminescent device using a specific mixed host material in the light emitting layer can solve the above problems, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention provides an organic electroluminescent device including one or more light-emitting layers between opposing anodes and cathodes, in which at least one light-emitting layer is a first light-emitting layer selected from compounds represented by the following general formula (1).
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device containing a host, a second host selected from compounds represented by the following general formula (2), and a luminescent dopant material.
- ring G is an aromatic ring represented by formula (1a), and is fused with two adjacent rings.
- Ring H is a heterocycle represented by formula (1b), and is condensed with two adjacent rings at any position, but not at a side containing N.
- Each X is independently N, CH, or CR, and at least one is N.
- Y is O or S.
- Ar 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, or the aromatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic heterocyclic group; Represents a substituted or unsubstituted connected aromatic group in which 2 to 5 aromatic rings of an aromatic group selected from cyclic groups are connected.
- Ar 2 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 17 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, or the aromatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic Represents a substituted or unsubstituted connected aromatic group in which 2 to 5 aromatic rings of an aromatic group selected from the group heterocyclic groups are connected.
- Ar 1 and two Ar 2 is a group represented by formula (1c). Also, * represents the bonding position.
- L 1 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms;
- R 1 each independently represents deuterium, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms;
- R 1 when R 1 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group, it may be condensed with the benzene ring to which R 1 is bonded to form a ring.
- R 2 each independently represents deuterium or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- a to f represent the number of substitutions
- a and b each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4
- c is 0 2
- d each independently represents an integer from 0 to 13
- e represents an integer from 0 to 3
- f each independently represents an integer from 0 to 4.
- n represents the number of repetitions and represents an integer from 1 to 4.
- Ar 3 and Ar 4 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms. , or represents a substituted or unsubstituted connected aromatic group in which 2 to 5 aromatic rings of these aromatic groups are connected.
- L each independently represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms
- R 3 , R 6 and R 7 each independently represent deuterium or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- g to j and p to q represent the number of substitutions
- g and h each independently an integer of 0 to 4
- i and j each independently an integer of 0 to 3
- p and q each independently an integer of 0 to 12. represent.
- Ar 3 and Ar 4 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group of these aromatic groups. It is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted linked aromatic group in which 2 to 3 group rings are connected, and furthermore, a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted terphenyl group. More preferably, it is a group. Further, in the compound represented by general formula (2), R 3 is preferably deuterium.
- Ar 3 and Ar 4 are a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted terphenyl group, Alternatively, it is a preferred embodiment of the present invention that R 3 is deuterium.
- the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention has a mixed host containing two types of compounds and a light-emitting layer containing a dopant (luminescent dopant material).
- a mixed host the proportion of the compound represented by general formula (1) is 10wt% with respect to the total of the compound represented by general formula (1) and the compound represented by general formula (2). As mentioned above, it is preferably less than 80 wt%, more preferably 20 wt% or more and less than 70 wt%.
- the luminescent dopant is an organometallic complex containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, and gold, or has a delayed thermal activation. More preferably, it is a fluorescent dopant.
- the present invention provides an organic electroluminescent device including a light-emitting layer containing a host and a light-emitting dopant material between an opposing anode and a cathode, in which a first host and a second host are used to form the light-emitting layer.
- the first host is selected from the compounds represented by the general formula (1)
- the second host is selected from the compounds represented by the general formula (2).
- a first host represented by general formula (1) and a second host represented by general formula (2) are mixed to form a premix, and then this is mixed. It is preferable to have a step of forming a light emitting layer by vapor depositing a host material containing the light emitting layer.
- the difference in 50% weight loss temperature between the first host and the second host is within 20°C.
- the present invention by using a mixture of a first host having a nitrogen-containing six-membered ring and a phenyldibenzofuran group or a phenyldibenzothiophene group in indolocarbazole and a biscarbazole compound as a second host, low voltage can be achieved.
- a mixture of a first host having a nitrogen-containing six-membered ring and a phenyldibenzofuran group or a phenyldibenzothiophene group in indolocarbazole and a biscarbazole compound as a second host, low voltage can be achieved.
- 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an organic EL element.
- the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention is an organic electroluminescent device having a plurality of organic layers between an anode and a cathode, the organic layer including at least one light-emitting layer, and the light-emitting layer having the general formula ( It is characterized by containing a first host represented by formula (1), a second host represented by general formula (2), and a luminescent dopant material.
- ring G is an aromatic ring represented by formula (1a), and is fused with two adjacent rings.
- Ring H is a five-membered heterocycle represented by formula (1b), and is condensed with two adjacent rings at any position, but not at a side containing N. Therefore, the indolocarbazole ring has several isomeric structures, but the number is limited.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) is specifically represented by a structure such as the above formulas (6) to (9), and preferably the compound represented by the formula (7). - (9), more preferably the embodiment represented by formula (9).
- Each X is independently N, CH, or CR, and at least one is N.
- at least two X's are N, more preferably all of the X's are N.
- Formula (1c) and formulas (3) to (5) common symbols have the same meaning.
- Formula (1c) can be represented by formulas (3) to (5), and it is preferable that at least one of Ar 2 is represented by any one of formulas (3) to (5), and furthermore, formula (3) can be represented by formulas (3) to (5). ) is more preferable.
- Y is each independently O or S, preferably O.
- a to f represent the number of substitutions
- a, b and f are each independently an integer of 0 to 4
- c is an integer of 0 to 2
- d is each independently an integer of 0 to 13
- e is an integer of 0 to 3 represents.
- n represents the number of repetitions and is an integer from 1 to 4.
- a and b are each independently an integer of 1 to 4
- c is an integer of 1 to 2
- f is each independently an integer of 0 or 4
- n is an integer of 1 or 2
- more preferably a, b is each independently an integer of 4, and c is an integer of 2.
- Ar 1 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group of these aromatic groups; It is a substituted or unsubstituted connected aromatic group in which 2 to 5 group rings are connected, or a group represented by formula (1c).
- a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted linked aromatic group in which 2 to 5 aromatic hydrocarbon groups are connected, or a compound represented by formula (1c) is the group represented.
- phenyl group More preferably, it is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted connected aromatic group in which 2 to 3 phenyl groups are connected.
- the connection mode between phenyl groups is meta or para connection.
- Ar 2 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 17 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group of these aromatic groups; It is a substituted or unsubstituted connected aromatic group in which 2 to 5 group rings are connected, or a group represented by formula (1c).
- a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 17 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted connected aromatic group in which 2 to 5 aromatic hydrocarbon groups are connected, or a compound represented by formula (1c) is the group represented. More preferably, it is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted connected aromatic group in which 2 to 3 phenyl groups are connected, or a group represented by formula (1c).
- At least one of Ar 1 and two Ar 2 is a group represented by formula (1c).
- L 1 is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms.
- it is a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, and the connection mode of the phenylene group may be either meta or para connection.
- Ar 1 is an unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, or a linked aromatic group in which 2 to 5 of these aromatic rings are connected.
- the group include benzene, naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, azulene, anthracene, chrysene, pyrene, phenanthrene, fluorene, triphenylene, pyridine, pyrimidine, triazine, thiophene, isothiazole, thiazole, pyridazine, pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, Triazole, thiadiazole, pyrazine, furan, isoxazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinoxaline, quinazoline, thiadiazole, phthalazine, tetrazole, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, indazole, benzimidazole, benzotriazole, benzisothiazole, benzo Examples include thiazole
- Preferred examples include benzene, naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, azulene, anthracene, chrysene, pyrene, phenanthrene, fluorene, triphenylene, or a group formed from a compound formed by linking 2 to 5 of these. More preferably a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, or a terphenyl group. The terphenyl group may be linearly connected or branched.
- Ar 2 is an unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 17 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, or 2 to 5 aromatic rings of these aromatic groups are linked together.
- the linked aromatic group include benzene, naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, azulene, anthracene, pyrene, phenanthrene, fluorene, pyridine, pyrimidine, triazine, thiophene, isothiazole, thiazole, pyridazine, pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, Triazole, thiadiazole, pyrazine, furan, isoxazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinoxaline, quinazoline, thiadiazole, phthalazine, tetrazole, indole, benzofuran, be
- Preferable examples include benzene, naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, azulene, anthracene, pyrene, phenanthrene, fluorene, or a group formed from a compound formed by linking 2 to 5 of these. More preferably a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, or a terphenyl group.
- the terphenyl group may be linearly connected or branched.
- Ar 1 is an unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, except that it is a group formed by removing two hydrogen atoms. The same applies to the aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- Preferred is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group.
- R 1 each independently represents deuterium, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms. It is a substituted or unsubstituted connected aromatic group in which 2 to 5 aromatic rings of an aromatic group selected from an aromatic heterocyclic group, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group and an aromatic heterocyclic group are connected. Preferably it is deuterium or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group. More preferred is deuterium. Further, when R 1 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group, R 1 may be condensed with the benzene ring to which it is bonded to form a ring.
- R 1 is an unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, or 2 to 5 aromatic rings of these aromatic groups are linked together. Specific examples of unsubstituted linked aromatic groups are the same as in the case of Ar 1 above.
- Each R 2 is independently deuterium or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Preferably it is deuterium.
- aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, and the like.
- it is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the two carbazole rings can be bonded at the 2-position, the 3-position, or the 4-position, respectively, but preferably they are bonded at the 3-position as shown in the formula (10).
- the same symbols have the same meaning.
- Ar 3 and Ar 4 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group thereof Represents a substituted or unsubstituted connected aromatic group in which 2 to 5 aromatic rings are connected.
- it is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a connected aromatic group in which 2 to 3 aromatic rings of the aromatic hydrocarbon group are connected, and more preferably a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- Ar 3 and Ar 4 are unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic groups having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, or 2 to 5 aromatic rings thereof. Specific examples of the linked linked aromatic group are the same as those described for Ar1 above.
- Each L independently represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms. Preferably it is a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group.
- the connection mode may be ortho, meta, or para connection.
- L is an unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or an unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, This is the same as the case described for Ar1 above, except that it is a group that occurs.
- R 3 , R 6 and R 7 each independently represent deuterium or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Preferably it is deuterium. Note that specific examples in the case of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms are the same as those described in the case of R2 above.
- g to j and p to q represent the number of substitutions, g and h each independently an integer of 0 to 4, i and j each independently an integer of 0 to 3, p and q each independently an integer of 0 to 12.
- g and h are each independently an integer of 1 to 4
- i and j are each independently an integer of 1 to 3
- p and q are each independently an integer of 1 to 12
- more preferably g and h are Each independently is an integer of 4
- i and j are each independently an integer of 3.
- linked aromatic group refers to an aromatic group in which two or more aromatic rings of aromatic groups are connected by bonding with a single bond. These linked aromatic groups may be linear or branched. The bonding position when benzene rings are bonded to each other may be ortho, meta, or para, but para bonding or meta bonding is preferred.
- the aromatic group may be an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group, and the plurality of aromatic groups may be the same or different.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group, aromatic heterocyclic group, or linked aromatic group may each have a substituent.
- substituents when having substituents include deuterium, halogen, cyano group, triarylsilyl group, aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and alkenyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- An alkoxy group or a diarylamino group having 12 to 44 carbon atoms is preferred.
- the substituent is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, it may be linear, branched, or cyclic.
- the above-mentioned triarylsilyl group or the above-mentioned diarylamino group substitutes the above-mentioned aromatic hydrocarbon group, aromatic heterocyclic group, or linked aromatic group, silicon and carbon or nitrogen and carbon are each a single bond.
- the number of the above substituents is preferably 0 to 5, preferably 0 to 2.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic heterocyclic group have a substituent, the number of carbon atoms in the substituent is not included in the calculation of the number of carbon atoms. However, it is preferable that the total number of carbon atoms including the number of carbon atoms of the substituents satisfies the above range.
- substituents include deuterium, cyano, methyl, ethyl, propyl, i-propyl, butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, cyclopentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, vinyl.
- Preferred examples include deuterium, cyano, methyl, ethyl, t-butyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyldiphenylamino, naphthylphenylamino, and dinaphthylamino.
- the unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, the unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, the unsubstituted linked aromatic group, the substituents of these aromatic groups, or the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be a part or All hydrogens may be deuterated. That is, part or all of the hydrogen in the compounds represented by general formulas (1) to (2) and formulas (6) to (10) may be deuterium.
- the deuterated compound includes both cases where it consists of a single compound and cases where it consists of a mixture of two or more compounds.
- the deuteration rate when the deuteration rate is 50%, it means that on average half of all hydrogen has been replaced with deuterium, and a deuterated product is a single compound. or a mixture of different deuteration rates.
- the hydrogens in the compounds represented by general formulas (1) to (2) and formulas (6) to (10) are deuterium, preferably 20% or more of the hydrogen atoms are deuterium. More preferably, 40% or more is deuterium, and even more preferably 50% or more is deuterium.
- the deuteration rate can be determined by mass spectrometry or proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. For example, when determining by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, first prepare a measurement sample by adding and dissolving the compound and internal standard in a heavy solvent, and then calculate the concentration in the measurement sample from the integrated intensity ratio derived from the internal standard and the compound. Calculate the proton concentration [mol/g] of the compound contained in. Next, calculate the ratio of the proton concentration of the deuterated compound to the corresponding proton concentration of the non-deuterated compound, and subtract it from 1 to obtain the deuteration rate of the deuterated compound. It can be calculated. Further, the deuteration rate of a partial structure can be calculated from the integrated intensity of the chemical shift derived from the target partial structure using the same procedure as described above.
- the host material for an organic EL device of the present invention is suitably used as a host material for a light emitting layer.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of a general organic EL device used in the present invention, in which 1 is a substrate, 2 is an anode, 3 is a hole injection layer, 4 is a hole transport layer, and 5 is a light emitting layer. , 6 represents an electron transport layer, and 7 represents a cathode.
- the organic EL device of the present invention may have an exciton blocking layer adjacent to the light emitting layer, or may have an electron blocking layer between the light emitting layer and the hole injection layer.
- the exciton blocking layer can be inserted into either the anode side or the cathode side of the light emitting layer, or can be inserted into both at the same time.
- the organic EL device of the present invention has an anode, a light emitting layer, and a cathode as essential layers, but in addition to the essential layers, it may also have a hole injection transport layer and an electron injection transport layer, and further includes a light emitting layer and an electron injection transport layer. It is preferable to have a hole blocking layer between the transport layers.
- the hole injection transport layer means either or both of the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer
- the electron injection transport layer means either or both of the electron injection layer and the electron transport layer.
- the organic EL element of the present invention is preferably supported by a substrate.
- a substrate There are no particular restrictions on this substrate, and any substrate that has been conventionally used in organic EL devices may be used, such as glass, transparent plastic, quartz, or the like.
- anode material in the organic EL element a material consisting of a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a mixture thereof having a large work function (4 eV or more) is preferably used.
- electrode materials include metals such as Au, conductive transparent materials such as CuI, indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO 2 and ZnO.
- an amorphous material such as IDIXO (In 2 O 3 -ZnO) that can be used to form a transparent conductive film may also be used.
- these electrode materials may be formed into a thin film by methods such as vapor deposition or sputtering, and a pattern of the desired shape may be formed by photolithography, or if high pattern accuracy is not required (approximately 100 ⁇ m or more). Alternatively, a pattern may be formed through a mask having a desired shape during vapor deposition or sputtering of the electrode material. Alternatively, when a coatable substance such as an organic conductive compound is used, a wet film forming method such as a printing method or a coating method can also be used. When emitting light from this anode, it is desirable that the transmittance be greater than 10%, and the sheet resistance of the anode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less. Although the film thickness depends on the material, it is usually selected in the range of 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- the cathode material a material consisting of a metal (electron-injecting metal) with a small work function (4 eV or less), an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a mixture thereof is used.
- electrode materials include sodium, sodium-potassium alloy, magnesium, lithium, magnesium/copper mixture, magnesium/silver mixture, magnesium/aluminum mixture, magnesium/indium mixture, aluminum/aluminum oxide ( Al2O 3 ) Mixtures, indium, lithium/aluminum mixtures, rare earth metals, etc.
- the cathode can be manufactured by forming a thin film of these cathode materials by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering. Further, the sheet resistance of the cathode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less, and the film thickness is usually selected in the range of 10 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 50 to 200 nm. Note that, in order to transmit the emitted light, it is advantageous if either the anode or the cathode of the organic EL element is transparent or semi-transparent, as this improves the luminance of the emitted light.
- a transparent or translucent cathode can be produced. By applying this, it is possible to fabricate an element in which both the anode and cathode are transparent.
- the light-emitting layer is a layer that emits light after excitons are generated by recombination of holes and electrons injected from the anode and cathode, respectively, and the light-emitting layer may contain an organic light-emitting dopant material and a host material. good.
- a host material represented by any one of the general formulas (1), (6) to (9) (also referred to as the host material of the present invention) is used.
- the host material of the present invention may be used alone, or two or more different compounds may be used, and one or more types of other host materials such as known host materials may be used in combination.
- the other host material is preferably a compound that has hole transport ability and electron transport ability, prevents emitted light from increasing in wavelength, and has a high glass transition temperature.
- the host material of the present invention When the host material of the present invention is included as the first host material, it is particularly preferable to use a compound represented by either of the general formulas (2) or (10) as the second host material. A host material may also be used as a second host. In addition, when the host material of the present invention is used as the first host material and the compound represented by any of the general formulas (2) and (10) is used as the second host material, another host material may be used as the third host material. You can.
- host materials can be selected from those known from numerous patent documents and the like. Specific examples of host materials include, but are not limited to, indolocarbazole derivatives described in WO2008/056746A1 and WO2008/146839A1, carbazole derivatives described in WO 2009/086028A1 and WO2012/077520A1, and CBP ( N,N-biscarbazolylbiphenyl) derivatives, triazine derivatives described in WO2014/185595A1 and WO2018/021663A1, etc., indenocarbazole derivatives described in WO2010/136109A1 and WO2011/000455A1, etc., derivatives described in WO 2015/169412A1, etc.
- Dibenzofuran derivatives triazole derivatives, indole derivatives, oxazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, polyarylalkane derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives, pyrazolone derivatives, phenylenediamine derivatives, arylamine derivatives, amino-substituted chalcone derivatives, styryl anthracene derivatives, fluorenone derivatives , hydrazone derivatives, stilbene derivatives, silazane derivatives, aromatic tertiary amine compounds, styrylamine compounds, aromatic dimethylidene compounds, porphyrin compounds, anthraquinodimethane derivatives, anthrone derivatives, diphenylquinone derivatives, thiopyrane dioxide derivatives, Various metal complexes, including metal complexes of heterocyclic tetracarboxylic acid anhydrides such as naphthalene perylene, phthalocyan
- the organic luminescent dopant material preferably includes a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, or a thermally activated delayed fluorescent dopant.
- the phosphorescent dopant preferably contains an organometallic complex containing at least one metal selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, and gold.
- organometallic complex containing at least one metal selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, and gold.
- Iridium complex and US2018 described in /0013078A1 or KR2018/094482A, etc. are preferably used, but the platinum complexes are not limited thereto.
- the light-emitting layer may contain only one type of phosphorescent dopant material, or may contain two or more types of phosphorescent dopant materials.
- the content of the phosphorescent dopant material is preferably 0.1 to 30 wt%, more preferably 1 to 20 wt%, based on the host material.
- the phosphorescent dopant material is not particularly limited, but specific examples include the following.
- fluorescent dopants include, but are not limited to, benzoxazole derivatives, benzothiazole derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, styrylbenzene derivatives, polyphenyl derivatives, diphenylbutadiene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, naphthalimide derivatives, coumarin derivatives, and fused aromatics.
- Preferred examples include fused aromatic derivatives, styryl derivatives, diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives, oxazine derivatives, pyrromethene metal complexes, transition metal complexes, and lanthanide complexes, and more preferred are naphthalene, pyrene, chrysene, triphenylene, and benzo[c]phenanthrene.
- benzo[a]anthracene pentacene, perylene, fluoranthene, acenaphthofluoranthene, dibenzo[a,j]anthracene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, benzo[a]naphthalene, hexacene, naphtho[2,1-f ] Isoquinoline, ⁇ -naphthaphenanthridine, phenanthrooxazole, quinolino[6,5-f]quinoline, benzothiophanthrene, and the like.
- These may have an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, or a diarylamino group as a substituent.
- the content of the fluorescent dopant material is preferably 0.1 to 20 wt%, more preferably 1 to 10 wt%, based on the host material.
- thermally activated delayed fluorescence dopants include, but are not limited to, metal complexes such as tin complexes and copper complexes, indolocarbazole derivatives described in WO2011/070963A1, cyanobenzene derivatives and carbazole derivatives described in Nature 2012,492,234, Examples include phenazine derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, sulfone derivatives, phenoxazine derivatives, acridine derivatives, etc. described in Nature Photonics 2014, 8, 326.
- the heat-activated delayed fluorescence dopant material is not particularly limited, but specific examples include the following.
- the light-emitting layer may contain only one type of heat-activated delayed fluorescence emitting dopant material, or may contain two or more types. Further, the thermally activated delayed fluorescence dopant may be used in combination with a phosphorescence dopant or a fluorescence dopant.
- the content of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence dopant material is preferably 0.1 to 50 wt%, more preferably 1 to 30 wt%, based on the host material.
- An injection layer is a layer provided between an electrode and an organic layer in order to reduce driving voltage and improve luminance.There are a hole injection layer and an electron injection layer. It may also be present between the cathode and the light emitting layer or electron transport layer. An injection layer can be provided as necessary.
- the hole-blocking layer has the function of an electron-transporting layer, and is made of a hole-blocking material that has the function of transporting electrons but has an extremely low ability to transport holes. By preventing this, the probability of recombination of electrons and holes in the light emitting layer can be improved.
- an electron blocking layer has the function of a hole transport layer, and by transporting holes and blocking electrons, it can improve the probability that electrons and holes will recombine in the light-emitting layer. .
- the material for the electron blocking layer a known electron blocking layer material can be used, and the hole transporting layer material described below can be used as necessary.
- the thickness of the electron blocking layer is preferably 3 to 100 nm, more preferably 5 to 30 nm.
- the exciton blocking layer is a layer that prevents excitons generated by the recombination of holes and electrons in the light emitting layer from diffusing into the charge transport layer. It becomes possible to efficiently confine the light within the light emitting layer, and the light emitting efficiency of the device can be improved.
- the exciton blocking layer can be inserted between two adjacent light-emitting layers in a device in which two or more light-emitting layers are adjacent.
- exciton blocking layer As the material for the exciton blocking layer, known exciton blocking layer materials can be used. Examples include 1,3-dicarbazolylbenzene (mCP) and bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinolato)-4-phenylphenolate aluminum (III) (BAlq).
- mCP 1,3-dicarbazolylbenzene
- BAlq bis(2-methyl-8-quinolinolato)-4-phenylphenolate aluminum
- the hole transport layer is made of a hole transport material having a function of transporting holes, and the hole transport layer can be provided in a single layer or in multiple layers.
- the hole transport material has either hole injection or transport or electron barrier properties, and may be either organic or inorganic.
- any compound selected from conventionally known compounds can be used. Examples of such hole transport materials include porphyrin derivatives, arylamine derivatives, triazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, polyarylalkane derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives and pyrazolone derivatives, phenylenediamine derivatives, arylamine derivatives, amino-substituted chalcone derivatives.
- oxazole derivatives oxazole derivatives, styryl anthracene derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, hydrazone derivatives, stilbene derivatives, silazane derivatives, aniline copolymers, and conductive polymer oligomers, especially thiophene oligomers, but porphyrin derivatives, arylamine derivatives, and styryl It is preferable to use an amine derivative, and it is more preferable to use an arylamine derivative.
- the electron transport layer is made of a material that has a function of transporting electrons, and the electron transport layer can be provided in a single layer or in multiple layers.
- the electron transport material (which may also serve as a hole blocking material) may have the function of transmitting electrons injected from the cathode to the light emitting layer.
- any compound selected from conventionally known compounds can be used, such as polycyclic aromatic derivatives such as naphthalene, anthracene, and phenanthroline, and tris(8-quinolinolato)aluminum(III).
- the method for manufacturing an organic electroluminescent device of the present invention includes a step of pre-mixing the first host material and the second host material, and a step of vapor depositing the obtained mixture from one vapor deposition source to form a light emitting layer. has. By premixing the two host materials in this way, the performance of the organic EL device can be improved. As a mixing method, powder mixing or melt mixing can be adopted.
- the difference in 50% weight loss temperature between the first host material and the second host material is within 20°C.
- the 50% weight loss temperature is the temperature at which the weight decreases by 50% when the temperature is raised from room temperature to 550°C at a rate of 10°C per minute in TG-DTA measurement under reduced pressure of nitrogen flow (1 Pa). Refers to temperature. It is thought that vaporization by evaporation or sublimation occurs most actively near this temperature.
- Synthesis example 1 7.0 g (13.4 mmol) of compound (a), 5.0 g (13.5 mmol) of compound (b), 0.12 g (0.21 mmol) of CX21, 3.2 g (30.2 mmol) of sodium carbonate, 250 mL of toluene, and ethanol. 100 mL and 20 mL of water were added, and the mixture was stirred at 75°C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature, 50 mL of water was added, and the organic phase was extracted with toluene. The organic phase was dried using MgSO 4 and concentrated to dryness to obtain 10.7 g of a yellow solid.
- Synthesis example 2 5.9 g (9.86 mmol) of compound (c), 3.6 g (9.72 mmol) of compound (b), 2.3 g (21.7 mmol) of sodium carbonate, 80 mg (0.14 mmol) of CX21, 80 g of m-xylene, ethanol 40 g and 8.0 g of water were added, and the mixture was stirred at 110°C for 2.5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature, 50 mL of water was added, and the organic phase was extracted with toluene, dried over MgSO 4 and concentrated to dryness to obtain 7.7 g of a yellow solid. Purification was performed by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 5.4 g (6.70 mmol, yield 68%) of compound (1-3) as a yellow solid (APCI-TOFMS, m/z 806[M+H] + ).
- Synthesis example 3 39.0 g (75 mmol) of compound (a), 15 g (75 mmol) of compound (e), 4.3 g (3.75 mmol) of tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium (0), 48.8 g (150 mmol) of cesium carbonate, 500 mL of 1,4-dioxane was added, and the mixture was stirred at 110°C for 4 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction solution was added to 1 L of water, and the resulting yellow solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 15.2 g (24 mmol, yield 32%) of intermediate (f) as a yellow solid. Ta.
- the obtained solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography and purified by crystallization to obtain 3.9 g (7.26 mmol, yield 50%) of compound (j) as a yellow solid.
- 1.5 g (4.09 mmol) of compound (b) 31.9 mg (0.056 mmol) of Cx21, 1.0 g (7.44 mmol) of potassium carbonate, 2.0 g (3.72 mmol) of the obtained intermediate (j), 10.3 g of water and 80.0 g of m-xylene were added, and the mixture was stirred at 110°C overnight under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- Synthesis example 6 2.8 g (5.36 mmol) of compound (a), 2.0 g (5.40 mmol) of compound (k), 50 mg (0.087 mmol) of CX21, 1.3 g (12.3 mmol) of sodium carbonate, 100 mL of toluene, and ethanol. 40 mL and 10 mL of water were added, and the mixture was stirred at 75°C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature, 20 mL of water was added, and the organic phase was extracted with toluene. The organic phase was dried using MgSO 4 and concentrated to dryness to obtain 3.4 g of a yellow solid.
- Synthesis example 7 Compound (n) 4.3 g (16.9 mmol), compound (o) 6.0 g (18.6 mmol), copper (I) iodide 0.32 g (1.68 mmol), 8-hydroxyquinoline 0.49 g (3.38 mmol), 4.7 g (34.0 mmol) of potassium carbonate and 300 mL of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone were added, and the mixture was stirred overnight at 140°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction solution was added to a mixed solution of distilled water (500 mL) with stirring, and the resulting precipitated solid was collected by filtration.
- reaction solution was added to a mixed solution of methanol (100 mL) and distilled water (25 mL) with stirring, and the resulting precipitated solid was collected by filtration.
- the obtained solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography and crystallized to obtain 0.97 g (1.20 mmol, yield 30%) of compound 1-57 as a yellow solid (APCI-TOFMS, m/z 806[M +H] + ).
- Synthesis example 8 12.0 g (23.0 mmol) of compound (a), 7.9 g (27.4 mmol) of compound (r), 0.20 g (0.34 mmol) of CX21, 5.5 g (51.7 mmol) of sodium carbonate, 500 g of toluene, 300 g of ethanol and 50 g of water were added, and the mixture was stirred at 75° C. for 16 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature, 100 mL of water was added, and the organic phase was extracted with toluene. The organic phase was dried using MgSO 4 and concentrated to dryness to obtain 17.0 g of a pale yellow solid.
- Synthesis example 11 Add 160 mL of heavy benzene (C 6 D 6 ) and 10.0 g of heavy trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TfOD) to 8.3 g (14.8 mmol) of compound (2-2), and heat and stir at 50°C for 6.5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. did. The reaction solution was added to a heavy water solution (200 mL) of sodium carbonate (7.4 g) and quenched, separated and purified to obtain 2.5 g (4.25 mmol, yield 29%, deuterium) of compound (2-116) as a white solid. (APCI-TOFMS, m/z 589[M+H]+).
- Example 1 Each thin film was laminated by vacuum evaporation at a degree of vacuum of 4.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa on a glass substrate on which an anode made of ITO with a film thickness of 110 nm was formed.
- HAT-CN was formed to a thickness of 25 nm as a hole injection layer on ITO
- Spiro-TPD was formed to a thickness of 30 nm as a hole transport layer.
- HT-1 was formed to a thickness of 10 nm as an electron blocking layer.
- compound 1-1 as the first host, compound 2-2 as the second host, and Ir(ppy) 3 as the light-emitting dopant were co-evaporated from different deposition sources to form a light-emitting layer with a thickness of 40 nm. did.
- the co-evaporation was carried out under the conditions that the concentration of Ir(ppy) 3 was 10 wt% and the weight ratio of the first host and the second host was 30:70.
- ET-1 was formed to a thickness of 20 nm as an electron transport layer.
- LiF was formed to a thickness of 1 nm as an electron injection layer on the electron transport layer.
- Al was formed to a thickness of 70 nm as a cathode on the electron injection layer to produce an organic EL device.
- Examples 2-21 An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compounds shown in Table 1 were used as the first host and the second host, and the weight ratios shown in Table 1 were set.
- Examples 22-26 Example 1 except that a premix obtained by weighing the first host and the second host shown in Table 1 so as to have the weight ratio shown in Table 1 and mixing them while grinding in a mortar was vapor-deposited from one vapor deposition source. An organic EL device was created in the same manner as above.
- Comparative examples 1 to 6 An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compounds shown in Table 1 were used as the first host and the second host, and the weight ratios shown in Table 1 were set.
- Comparative examples 7 to 12 Example 1 except that a premix obtained by weighing the first host and the second host shown in Table 1 so as to have the weight ratio shown in Table 1 and mixing them while grinding in a mortar was vapor-deposited from one vapor deposition source. An organic EL device was created in the same manner as above.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the produced organic EL devices.
- the brightness, voltage, and power efficiency are the values when the drive current is 10 mA/cm 2 and are initial characteristics.
- For LT97 when the initial brightness at a drive current of 20 mA/cm 2 is taken as 100%, the time it takes for the brightness to decay to 97% represents the lifetime characteristic.
- the numbers for the host compound, first host, and second host are the numbers assigned to the above-mentioned exemplary compounds, and the weight ratio is first host:second host.
- Table 2 shows the 50% weight loss temperature (T 50 ) of Compounds 1-1, 2-2, 2-42, 2-43, 2-118, Compounds A and D.
- the present invention by using a mixture of a first host having a nitrogen-containing six-membered ring and a phenyldibenzofuran group or a phenyldibenzothiophene group in indolocarbazole and a biscarbazole compound as a second host, low voltage can be achieved.
- a mixture of a first host having a nitrogen-containing six-membered ring and a phenyldibenzofuran group or a phenyldibenzothiophene group in indolocarbazole and a biscarbazole compound as a second host, low voltage can be achieved.
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Abstract
Description
Xは、それぞれ独立にN、C―H、又はC―Rであり、少なくとも1つはNである。Yは、O又はSである。
Ar1は、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。
Ar2は、独立に置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~17 の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。
ただし、Ar1及び2つのAr2のうち、少なくとも一つは式(1c)で表される基である。 また*は結合位置を表す。
L1は単結合、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基を表し、
R1は、それぞれ独立に重水素、炭素数1~10の脂肪族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。ただし、R1が芳香族炭化水素基であるとき、R1が結合するベンゼン環と縮合して環を形成しても良い。
R2は、それぞれ独立に重水素、又は炭素数1~10の脂肪族炭化水素基を表し、 a~fは置換数を表し、aおよびbはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数、cは0~2の整数、dはそれぞれ独立に0~13の整数、eは0~3の整数、fはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数を表す。nは繰り返し数を表し、1~4の整数を表す。
Lはそれぞれ独立に単結合、置換もしくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基を表し、
R3、R6、及びR7は、それぞれ独立に重水素、炭素数1~10の脂肪族炭化水素基を表す。
g~jおよびp~qは置換数を表し、g及びhはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数、i及びjはそれぞれ独立に0~3の整数、p及びqはそれぞれ独立に0~12 を表す。
また、上記の有機電界発光素子を製造するに当たり、一般式(1)で表される第1ホストと一般式(2)で表される第2ホストを混合して予備混合物としたのち、これを含むホスト材料を蒸着させて発光層を形成する工程を有することが好ましい。
Yは、それぞれ独立にOまたはSであり、好ましくはOである。
なお、上記置換基の数は0~5であるのがよく、好ましくは0~2がよい。また、芳香族炭化水素基及び芳香族複素環基が置換基を有する場合の炭素数の計算には、置換基の炭素数を含まない。しかし、置換基の炭素数を含んだ合計の炭素数が上記範囲を満足することが好ましい。
本発明の有機EL素子は、基板に支持されていることが好ましい。この基板については特に制限はなく、従来から有機EL素子に用いられているものであればよく、例えばガラス、透明プラスチック、石英等からなるものを用いることができる。
有機EL素子における陽極材料としては、仕事関数の大きい(4eV以上)金属、合金、電気伝導性化合物又はこれらの混合物からなる材料が好ましく用いられる。このような電極材料の具体例としてはAu等の金属、CuI、インジウムチンオキシド(ITO)、SnO2、ZnO等の導電性透明材料が挙げられる。また、IDIXO(In2O3-ZnO)等の非晶質で、透明導電膜を作成可能な材料を用いてもよい。陽極はこれらの電極材料を蒸着やスパッタリング等の方法により、薄膜を形成させ、フォトリソグラフィー法で所望の形状のパターンを形成してもよく、あるいはパターン精度をあまり必要としない場合(100μm以上程度)は、上記電極材料の蒸着やスパッタリング時に所望の形状のマスクを介してパターンを形成してもよい。あるいは有機導電性化合物のような塗布可能な物質を用いる場合には印刷方式、コーティング方式等の湿式成膜法を用いることもできる。この陽極より発光を取り出す場合には、透過率を10%より大きくすることが望ましく、また陽極としてのシート抵抗は数百Ω/□以下が好ましい。膜厚は材料にもよるが、通常10~1000nm、好ましくは10~200nmの範囲で選ばれる。
一方、陰極材料としては仕事関数の小さい(4eV以下)金属(電子注入性金属)、合金、電気伝導性化合物又はこれらの混合物からなる材料が用いられる。このような電極材料の具体例としては、ナトリウム、ナトリウム―カリウム合金、マグネシウム、リチウム、マグネシウム/銅混合物、マグネシウム/銀混合物、マグネシウム/アルミニウム混合物、マグネシウム/インジウム混合物、アルミニウム/酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)混合物、インジウム、リチウム/アルミニウム混合物、希土類金属等が挙げられる。これらの中で、電子注入性及び酸化等に対する耐久性の点から、電子注入性金属とこれより仕事関数の値が大きく安定な金属である第二金属との混合物、例えばマグネシウム/銀混合物、マグネシウム/アルミニウム混合物、マグネシウム/インジウム混合物、アルミニウム/酸化アルミニウム混合物、リチウム/アルミニウム混合物、アルミニウム等が好適である。陰極はこれらの陰極材料を蒸着やスパッタリング等の方法により薄膜を形成させることにより、作製することができる。また、陰極としてシート抵抗は数百Ω/□以下が好ましく、膜厚は通常10nm~5μm、好ましくは50~200nmの範囲で選ばれる。なお、発光した光を透過させるため、有機EL素子の陽極又は陰極のいずれか一方が透明又は半透明であれば発光輝度は向上し、好都合である。
発光層は陽極及び陰極のそれぞれから注入された正孔及び電子が再結合することにより励起子が生成した後、発光する層であり発光層には有機発光性ドーパント材料とホスト材料を含むことがよい。
注入層とは、駆動電圧低下や発光輝度向上のために電極と有機層間に設けられる層のことで、正孔注入層と電子注入層があり、陽極と発光層又は正孔輸送層の間、及び陰極と発光層又は電子輸送層との間に存在させてもよい。注入層は必要に応じて設けることができる。
正孔阻止層とは広い意味では電子輸送層の機能を有し、電子を輸送する機能を有しつつ正孔を輸送する能力が著しく小さい正孔阻止材料からなり、電子を輸送しつつ正孔を阻止することで発光層中での電子と正孔の再結合確率を向上させることができる。
電子阻止層とは広い意味では正孔輸送層の機能を有し、正孔を輸送しつつ電子を阻止することで発光層中での電子と正孔が再結合する確率を向上させることができる。
励起子阻止層とは、発光層内で正孔と電子が再結合することにより生じた励起子が電荷輸送層に拡散することを阻止するための層であり、本層の挿入により励起子を効率的に発光層内に閉じ込めることが可能となり、素子の発光効率を向上させることができる。励起子阻止層は2つ以上の発光層が隣接する素子において、隣接する2つの発光層の間に挿入することができる。
正孔輸送層とは正孔を輸送する機能を有する正孔輸送材料からなり、正孔輸送層は単層又は複数層設けることができる。
電子輸送層とは電子を輸送する機能を有する材料からなり、電子輸送層は単層又は複数層設けることができる。
次に、得られた中間体(j)2.0 g(3.72 mmol)に、化合物(b)を1.5 g(4.09 mmol)、Cx21を31.9 mg(0.056 mmol)、炭酸カリウムを1.0 g(7.44 mmol)、水を10.3 g、m-キシレンを80.0 g加え、窒素雰囲気下、110℃で一晩撹拌した。室温まで冷却後、水を50 mL加えたのち、有機相にトルエンを用いて抽出、MgSO4にて乾燥、濃縮乾燥することで黄色固体を3.1 g得た。シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製を行い、黄色固体として化合物(1-29)を1.6 g (2.15 mmol, 収率58%,重水素化率43%)得た(APCI-TOFMS, m/z 745[M+H]+)。
次に、窒素雰囲気下、N,N’-ジメチルアセトアミド40 mlに60重量%水素化ナトリウム0.24 gを加え、懸濁液を調製した。そこにN,N’-ジメチルアセトアミド100 mLに溶解した中間体(p)を2.0 g(4.01 mmol)加え、30分撹拌した。そこに化合物(q)を1.7 g(4.81 mmol)加えた後、1時間撹拌した。反応溶液をメタノール (100 mL)、蒸留水(25 mL)の混合溶液に撹拌しながら加え、得られた析出した固体をろ取した。得られた固体をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製、晶析精製を行い、黄色固体として化合物1-57を0.97 g (1.20 mmol, 収率30%)得た(APCI-TOFMS, m/z 806[M+H]+)。
合成例10
膜厚110nmのITOからなる陽極が形成されたガラス基板上に、各薄膜を真空蒸着法にて、真空度4.0×10-5Paで積層した。まず、ITO上に正孔注入層としてHAT-CNを25nmの厚さに形成し、次に正孔輸送層としてSpiro-TPDを30nmの厚さに形成した。次に電子阻止層としてHT-1を10nmの厚さに形成した。次に、第1ホストとして化合物1-1を、第2ホストとして化合物2-2を、発光ドーパントとしてIr(ppy)3をそれぞれ異なる蒸着源から共蒸着し、40nmの厚さに発光層を形成した。この時、Ir(ppy)3の濃度が10wt%、第1ホストと第2ホストの重量比が30:70となる蒸着条件で共蒸着した。次に電子輸送層としてET-1を20nmの厚さに形成した。更に電子輸送層上に電子注入層としてLiFを1nmの厚さに形成した。最後に、電子注入層上に、陰極としてAlを70nmの厚さに形成し、有機EL素子を作製した。
第1ホスト及び第2ホストとして、表1に示す化合物を使用し、表1に示す重量比とした以外は実施例1と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。
表1に示す第1ホストと第2ホストを表1に示す重量比となるように量りとり、乳鉢ですり潰しながら混合することにより得た予備混合物を一つの蒸着源から蒸着した以外は実施例1と同様にして有機EL素子を作成した。
第1ホスト及び第2ホストとして、表1に示す化合物を使用し、表1に示す重量比とした以外は実施例1と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。
表1に示す第1ホストと第2ホストを表1に示す重量比となるように量りとり、乳鉢ですり潰しながら混合することにより得た予備混合物を一つの蒸着源から蒸着した以外は実施例1と同様にして有機EL素子を作成した。
Claims (16)
- 対向する陽極と陰極の間に、1つ以上の発光層を含む有機電界発光素子において、少なくとも1つの発光層が、下記一般式(1)で表される化合物から選ばれる第1ホストと、下記一般式(2)で表される化合物から選ばれる第2ホスト、及び発光性ドーパント材料とを含有することを特徴とする有機電界発光素子。
(ここで、環Gは、式(1a)で表される芳香族環であり、2つの隣接環と縮合する。環Hは、式(1b)で表される複素環であり、2つの隣接環と任意の位置で縮合するが、Nを含む辺で縮合することはない。Xは、それぞれ独立にN、C―H、又はC―Rであり、少なくとも1つはNである。Yは、O又はSである。
Ar1は、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。
Ar2は、独立に置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~17 の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。
ただし、Ar1及び2つのAr2のうち、少なくとも一つは式(1c)で表される基を表し、*は結合位置を表す。
L1は単結合、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基を表し、R1は、それぞれ独立に重水素、炭素数1~10の脂肪族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。ただし、R1が芳香族炭化水素基であるとき、R1が結合するベンゼン環と縮合して環を形成しても良い。
R2は、それぞれ独立に重水素、又は炭素数1~10の脂肪族炭化水素基を表し、
a~fは置換数を表し、aおよびbはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数、cは0~2の整数、dはそれぞれ独立に0~13の整数、eは0~3の整数、fはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数を表す。nは繰り返し数を表し、1~4の整数を表す。)
(ここで、Ar3、及びAr4は、それぞれ独立に置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又はこれらの芳香族基の芳香族環が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。Lはそれぞれ独立に単結合、置換もしくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基を表し、R3、R6、及びR7は、それぞれ独立に重水素、炭素数1~10の脂肪族炭化水素基を表す。g~jおよびp~qは置換数を表し、g及びhはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数、i及びjはそれぞれ独立に0~3の整数、p及びqはそれぞれ独立に0~12を表す。) - 前記Xが全てNであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記Ar2の少なくとも一つが式(3)で表される基であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記YがOであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記R1が、重水素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記R2が、重水素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記Ar3及びAr4がそれぞれ独立に、置換若しくは未置換のフェニル基、置換若しくは未置換のビフェニル基、又は置換若しくは未置換のターフェニル基である請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記R3が、重水素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記発光性ドーパント材料が、ルテニウム、ロジウム、パラジウム、銀、レニウム、オスミウム、イリジウム、白金及び金から選ばれる少なくとも一つの金属を含む有機金属錯体であることを特徴とする請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記発光性ドーパント材料が、熱活性化遅延蛍光発光ドーパント材料であることを特徴とする請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 対向する陽極と陰極の間に、ホスト及び発光性ドーパント材料を含有する発光層を含む有機電界発光素子において、該発光層を形成するために使用される第1ホストと第2ホストを含む予備混合物であって、該第1ホストが下記一般式(1)で表される化合物から選ばれ、該第2ホストが下記一般式(2)で表される化合物から選ばれることを特徴とする予備混合物。
(ここで、環Gは、式(1a)で表される芳香族環であり、環Hは、式(1b)で表される複素環を表す。
Xは、それぞれ独立にN、C―H、又はC―Rであり、少なくとも1つはNである。Yは、O又はSである。
Ar1は、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。
Ar2は、それぞれ独立に置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~17の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。ただし、Ar1及び2つのAr2のうち、少なくとも一つは式(1c)で表される基である。
Lはそれぞれ独立に単結合、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基を表し、R1は、それぞれ独立に重水素、炭素数1~10の脂肪族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。ただし、R1が芳香族炭化水素基であるとき、R1が結合するベンゼン環と縮合して環を形成しても良い。R2は、それぞれ独立に重水素、又は炭素数1~10の脂肪族炭化水素基を表し、
a~fは置換数を表し、aおよびbはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数、cは0~2の整数、dはそれぞれ独立に0~13の整数、eは0~3の整数、fはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数を表す。nは繰り返し数を表し、1~4の整数を表す。)
(ここで、Ar3、及びAr4は、それぞれ独立に炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基、又はこれらの芳香族基が2~5個連結した置換若しくは未置換の連結芳香族基を表す。Lはそれぞれ独立に単結合、置換もしくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~17の芳香族複素環基を表し、R3、R6、及びR7は、それぞれ独立に重水素、炭素数1~10の脂肪族炭化水素基を表す。g~jおよびp~qは置換数を表し、g及びhはそれぞれ独立に0~4の整数、i及びjはそれぞれ独立に0~3の整数、p及びqはそれぞれ独立に0~12を表す。) - 前記第1ホストと前記第2ホストの50%重量減少温度の差が20℃以内であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の予備混合物。
- 請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子を製造するに当たり、前記第1ホストと前記第2ホストを混合して予備混合物としたのち、これを含むホスト材料を蒸着させて発光層を形成させる工程を有することを特徴とする有機電界発光素子の製造方法。
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- 2023-07-19 US US18/873,181 patent/US20250366300A1/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20250366300A1 (en) | 2025-11-27 |
| CN119605342A (zh) | 2025-03-11 |
| KR20250039445A (ko) | 2025-03-20 |
| JPWO2024019072A1 (ja) | 2024-01-25 |
| EP4561309A1 (en) | 2025-05-28 |
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