WO2024004883A1 - 樹脂用接着剤及び積層体 - Google Patents
樹脂用接着剤及び積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024004883A1 WO2024004883A1 PCT/JP2023/023413 JP2023023413W WO2024004883A1 WO 2024004883 A1 WO2024004883 A1 WO 2024004883A1 JP 2023023413 W JP2023023413 W JP 2023023413W WO 2024004883 A1 WO2024004883 A1 WO 2024004883A1
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- copper
- resin
- base material
- caramel
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J187/00—Adhesives based on unspecified macromolecular compounds, obtained otherwise than by polymerisation reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J101/00—Adhesives based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives
- C09J101/08—Cellulose derivatives
- C09J101/26—Cellulose ethers
- C09J101/28—Alkyl ethers
- C09J101/286—Alkyl ethers substituted with acid radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J105/00—Adhesives based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09J101/00 or C09J103/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resin adhesive and a laminate.
- Copper-clad laminates are made by laminating a copper-based material base material (copper foil, copper alloy foil, etc.) on one or both sides of a resin base material (prepreg, a composite material of organic and inorganic compounds, resin film, etc.). It is widely used in the manufacture of printed wiring boards.
- a copper-based material base material copper foil, copper alloy foil, etc.
- a resin base material prepreg, a composite material of organic and inorganic compounds, resin film, etc.
- Patent Document 1 describes a copper surface or copper alloy surface having deep irregularities formed thereon, which is useful for roughening the copper surface or copper alloy surface and has good adhesion with resins such as prepreg and solder resist.
- a surface treatment agent that provides the following is disclosed.
- an object of the present invention in one embodiment, is to provide a resin adhesive that has excellent adhesiveness between a copper-based material base material and a resin base material. Another object of the present invention, in another embodiment, is to provide a laminate including such a resin adhesive.
- the present invention relates to the following items.
- a Maillard reaction product (C) made from carbohydrates (A) and/or reductones (B) and an amine compound (G), and a Maillard reaction product (C) made from carbohydrates (A) and/or reductones (B) as raw materials.
- a laminate comprising a copper-based material base material, a resin adhesive layer according to [1], and a resin base material in this order.
- Maillard reaction product (C) made from carbohydrate (A) and/or reductones (B) and amine compound (G) and/or amine equivalent (H), and carbohydrate (A) and An adhesive for resins containing one or both selected from caramelization reaction products (D) made from reductones (B).
- a laminate comprising a copper-based material base material, a resin adhesive layer according to [3], and a resin base material in this order.
- a resin adhesive that has excellent adhesiveness between a copper-based material base material and a resin base material.
- a resin adhesive that has excellent adhesion between a copper-based material base material with low surface roughness and a resin base material with excellent dielectric properties.
- the copper-clad laminate can be suitably used for printed wiring boards, particularly high-frequency printed wiring boards.
- the resin adhesive is produced by Maillard reaction using carbohydrates (A) and/or reductones (B) and amine compounds (G) and/or amine equivalents (H) as raw materials. (C) and caramelization reaction products (D) made from carbohydrates (A) and/or reductones (B).
- the resin adhesive may contain additives other than the Maillard reaction product (C) and the caramelization reaction product (D). Examples of additives include reaction accelerators (III), crosslinking agents (IV), pH adjusters, etc. added during the production of adhesives, and inorganic compounds and organic compounds added during production of adhesive liquids. It will be done.
- carbohydrates (A) refer to monosaccharides and polysaccharides (hereinafter referred to as compound (E)), and derivatives of compound (E) (hereinafter referred to as sugar derivatives (F)).
- a monosaccharide refers to a polyhydric alcohol compound having three or more consecutive carbon atoms, one or more aldehyde or ketone groups, and two or more hydroxyl groups, and is a carbohydrate that cannot be further hydrolyzed.
- Polysaccharide refers to a combination of two or more monosaccharides.
- the bonding mode of the sugars constituting the polysaccharide is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ether bonds (particularly glycosidic bonds) and ester bonds.
- Some carbohydrates (A) have a chain structure and a cyclic structure, and may be provided as a mixture of both.
- the sugar derivative (F) refers to a compound obtained by partially converting the functional group of the compound (E), and a salt compound thereof.
- Partial conversion of a functional group means, for example, carboxylation, amination, etherification, esterification (e.g., carboxylic acid ester, phosphate ester, sulfate ester, nitrate ester, carbonate ester, etc.) of a hydroxy group, acylation , silylation, siloxylation, aldehydation, ketonization, or halogenation, hydroxylation or carboxylation of an aldehyde group, and dehydration by elimination of a hydroxy group and its ⁇ -hydrogen.
- these salt compounds include, for example, alkali metal salts such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium, alkaline earth metal salts such as beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium, and titanium, vanadium, chromium, Refers to transition metal salts such as manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zirconium, niobium, and molybdenum.
- Typical sugar derivatives (F) include, but are not limited to, sugar acids, sugar alcohols, amino sugars, dehydrated sugar derivatives, and salt compounds thereof.
- monosaccharides include dihydroxyacetone, glyceraldehyde, erythrose, threose, ribose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, galactose, talose, erythrulose, xylulose, ribulose, Examples include psicose, fructose, sorbose, tagatose, sedoheptulose, coryose, deoxyribose, fucose, fucrose, rhamnose, allomethylose, quinobose, antiallose, talomethylose, digitalose, digitoxose, cimarose, tiberose, abecose, palatose, corytose, ascarylose, etc. However, it is not limited to these.
- polysaccharides and derivatives thereof include dihydroxyacetone dimer, glyceraldehyde dimer, sucrose, lactulose, lactose, maltose, trehalose, cellobiose, cordibiose, nigerose, isomaltose, isotrehalose, neotrehalose, sophorose, Laminaribiose, gentiobiose, turanose, maltulose, palatinose, gentiobiulose, mannobiose, melibiose, melibiulose, neolactose, galactosucrose, silabiose, neohesperidose, rutinose, rutinulose, vicyanose, xylobiose, primeverose, trehalosamine, maltitol, Cellobionic acid, lactosamine, lactose diamine, lactobionic acid, lactitol, Cellobi
- alginic acid alginate propylene glycol ester
- agarose cellulose derivatives
- guar gum carrageenan
- agar chitosan
- gellan gum dextrin
- dextran starch , pullulan, etc., but are not limited to these.
- sugar acid refers to a compound in which one or more aldehyde groups or terminal hydroxy groups of compound (E) are converted to carboxyl groups.
- sugar alcohol refers to a compound in which one or more aldehyde groups or ketone groups of compound (E) are converted to hydroxy groups.
- Specific examples include, but are not limited to, sorbitol, mannitol, erythritol, pentaerythritol, threitol, arabinitol, ribitol, xylitol, galactitol, rhamnitol, isomaltose, maltitol, lactitol, palatinose, etc. do not have.
- amino sugar refers to a compound in which one or more hydroxy groups of compound (E) are substituted with an amino group, and a compound in which the amino group of the compound is further acylated.
- Specific examples include, but are not limited to, glucosamine, galactosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, N-carbamoylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, chitin, chitosan, chondroitin, hyaluronic acid, and heparin.
- a part of the amino sugar also corresponds to the amine compound (G) or amine equivalent (H) described below.
- the dehydrated derivative of sugar refers to a compound produced by an intramolecular dehydration reaction of compound (E).
- Specific examples include furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural, etc., but are not limited to these.
- carbohydrate (A) which is a raw material for obtaining the Maillard reaction product (C) and/or the caramelization reaction product (D)
- monosaccharides, polysaccharides, sugar acids and salts thereof are preferable, and among them, Compounds (typically reducing sugars) having reducing properties (for example, the action of reducing Cu 2+ to Cu + in Fehling reaction) are more preferred, and monosaccharides are even more preferred.
- Carbohydrates (A) may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- reductones (B) refer to compounds having a chemical structure represented by the following formula 1 in the molecule. Specific examples include ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, and their salts (e.g., alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, transition metal salts, double salts of the above metal salts, etc.), but are limited to these. It is not something that will be done. Furthermore, as long as the compound has the following chemical structure in its molecule, it may be a compound in which a portion of the functional group has been converted, or it may be a salt compound thereof. Examples of "partial conversion of functional groups" are the same as those described in the explanation of carbohydrate (A). Reductones (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the Maillard reaction product (C) refers to a brown substance produced by the reaction of a raw material carbohydrate (A) and/or reductone (B) with an amine compound (G).
- carbohydrates (A) and/or reductones (B) are combined with amine compounds (G), and reactions such as decomposition, oxidation, condensation, and polymerization are thought to be involved.
- the reaction route is complicated, and it is extremely difficult to analyze the components of the Maillard reaction product (C). Therefore, in the present invention, the Maillard reaction product (C) is obtained by the reaction of the carbohydrate (A) and/or reductones (B) with the amine compound (G) and the production of a brown substance.
- a brown substance is generated as follows.
- a liquid sample with a solute and/or dispersoid mass concentration of 10% by mass of the resin adhesive to be measured is prepared, and when the yellowness index (YI) of the liquid sample is 2.5 or more, it is determined that the “brown substance” is generated.”
- YI can be measured using a commercially available spectrocolorimeter. For example, using a spectrocolorimeter (SD7000) manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd., the three colors in the XYZ color system are calculated from the auxiliary illuminant C and the transmittance measured under 2-degree viewing conditions.
- SD7000 spectrocolorimeter
- YI 100(1.28X-1.06Z)/Y Pure water is used as the solvent and/or dispersion medium when diluting the resin adhesive to prepare a liquid sample.
- the mass concentration of the liquid sample can be calculated from the weight of the resin adhesive before and after drying.
- the transmittance cannot be measured because the color of the liquid sample is too dark when the resin adhesive concentration is adjusted to 10% by mass, the resin adhesive should be removed until the transmittance can be measured. If the diluted and measured YI is 2.5 or more, it is determined that "a brown substance is produced.”
- the amine compound (G) refers to ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines, and salts thereof. Moreover, the amine compound (G) includes amino acids, peptides, proteins, and salts thereof. As the amine compound (G), primary or lower amines (specifically primary amines, ammonia) and salts thereof are preferable to secondary amines, and ammonia and salts thereof are particularly preferable. Further, in the amine compound (G), it is preferable that the carbon adjacent to the amino group is a primary, secondary, or tertiary carbon.
- Examples of the amine compound (G) include arylamines and salts thereof, alkylamines and salts thereof, heteroarylamines and salts thereof, and ammonia and salts thereof. Among these, one or more selected from arylamines, alkylamines, heteroarylamines and ammonia are preferred, and one or two or more selected from alkylamines, heteroarylamines and ammonia are more preferred. , ammonia is particularly preferred.
- the amine compound (G) may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and one or more of the amine equivalents (H) described below may be used in combination.
- ammonia and its salt ammonia and a salt compound consisting of ammonia and an acid are used.
- Acids that form salts with ammonia include hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, hypochlorous acid, chlorous acid, chloric acid, perchloric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, Sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, peroxomonosulfuric acid, peroxodisulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, hydrocyanic acid, cyanic acid, thiocyanic acid, carbonic acid, boric acid, silicic acid, chromic acid, dichromic acid, permanganese acid, molybdic acid, and inorganic acids such as tungstic acid, as well as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid,
- Acids phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, salicylic acid, gallic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, gluconic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid , monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, and peracetic acid.
- the acids that form salts with ammonia may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the above secondary amine is, for example, a compound having the chemical structure R 1 R 2 NH, in which R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkyl group or an aryl group that does not have a substituent or has an optional substituent. , and a heteroaryl group. Also, saturated heterocyclic amines having no substituents or optionally having substituents, and unsaturated heterocyclic amines with or without aromaticity having no substituents or having optional substituents. can be mentioned.
- substituents include alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, aryl groups, hydroxyl groups, mercapto groups, carbonyl groups (e.g., aldehyde groups, ketone groups, carboxyl groups, acyl groups, ester groups, amide groups, etc.), imino group, thiocarbonyl group, fluoro group, chloro group, bromo group, iodo group, nitro group, sulfo group, cyano group, alkoxy group, trifluoromethyl group, azo group, silyl group, or siloxy group.
- carbonyl groups e.g., aldehyde groups, ketone groups, carboxyl groups, acyl groups, ester groups, amide groups, etc.
- imino group e.g., aldehyde groups, ketone groups, carboxyl groups, acyl groups, ester groups, amide groups, etc.
- imino group thi
- Secondary amines are illustratively dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dibutylamine, diallylamine, diphenylamine, dibenzylamine, diethanolamine, ethylmethylamine, N-methylaniline, methylbenzylamine, aziridine, azetidine, pyrrolidine. , piperidine, morpholine, pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, tetrazole, indoline, indole, proline and the like.
- Examples of the above-mentioned primary amines include compounds having the chemical structure RNH 2 , in which R has no substituent or an optionally substituted alkyl group, aryl group, and -NH- in the ring structure. Examples include compounds that are any heteroaryl group having no partial structure.
- primary amines include methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, octylamine, cyclohexylamine, allylamine, ethanolamine, propanolamine, benzylamine, furfurylamine, phenylethylamine, aniline, methoxyaniline, trifluoro Methylaniline, aminobenzoic acid, aminosalicylic acid, nitroaniline, cyanoaniline, fluoroaniline, chloroaniline, bromoaniline, iodoaniline, aminophenol, aminothiophenol, naphthylamine, aminopyridine, hydroxylamine, aminotriazine, aminothiazole, amino -1,3,4-thiadiazole, amino-1,2,3-thiadiazole, 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, aminopyrazine, aminopyrimidine, amino-1,2,4-triazine , amino
- the amine compound (G) may be a monovalent amine having one amino group in one molecule and a salt thereof, or a polyvalent amine having two or more amino groups and a salt thereof. Moreover, the amine compound (G) may be a monomer or a polymer.
- the amino group that the polyvalent amine has may include a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, or a combination of both.
- polyvalent amines include ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, hexamethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, piperazine, phenylenediamine, aminobenzylamine, diaminonaphthalene, diaminopyridine, triaminopyridine, diaminopyrimidine, triaminopyrimidine, diamino-1, 3,5-triazine, triamino-1,3,5-triazine, aminopyrazole, aminoimidazole, aminobenzimidazole, amino-1H-tetrazole, amino-1,2,4-triazole, diamino-1,2,4- Triazole, diaminodiphenylmethane, dimethylthiotoluenediamine, diaminodiphenyl sulfone, diaminodiphenyl ether, bis(3-aminophenoxy)benzene, bis[2-(4-aminophenyl)-2-propyl]benzene,
- the amine equivalent (H) refers to a compound that easily generates the amine compound (G) by hydrolysis.
- ammonia, primary amine, or secondary amine is generated from the amine equivalent (H), and Maillard reaction with the carbohydrate (A) and/or reductones (B) is sufficient to promote hydrolysis.
- it may be heated or subjected to heating conditions, or a catalyst, acid, or base may be added.
- urea examples include urea, thiourea, carbamic acid, amidine, acetamidine, guanidine, and derivatives thereof.
- R 1 to R 5 each independently represent hydrogen, an alkyl group with no substituent or an optional substituent, an aryl group, or a heteroaryl group, and the amine equivalent (H) represents one type. They may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and the above-mentioned amine compound (G) may be used in combination.
- reaction conditions for Maillard reaction are not particularly limited, and the amine compound (G) and/or the amine compound (G) produced from the raw material carbohydrate (A) and/or reductones (B) and the amine compound (G) and/or amine equivalent (H) is not particularly limited. It is sufficient that a brown substance is produced by the reaction with G), and the concentration of carbohydrate (A), reductones (B) and amine compound (G) during the reaction, reaction time, reaction pressure, solvent and/or The presence or absence and type of dispersion medium (I), reaction temperature (II), addition of reaction accelerator (III), addition of crosslinking agent (IV), adjustment of pH (V), etc. can be appropriately set.
- the reaction conditions may be adjusted as appropriate so that the amine equivalent (H) decomposes in the reaction system to produce the amine compound (G) and the Maillard reaction occurs.
- the reaction conditions for the Maillard reaction may be adjusted as appropriate.
- the solvent and/or dispersion medium (I) is not particularly limited, but a polar aprotic or protic solvent and/or dispersion medium is preferred, a polar protic solvent is more preferred, and water is particularly preferred. Further, the solvent and/or dispersion medium (I) may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but the content ratio of water in the solvent and/or dispersion medium is 10 It is preferably at least 30% by mass, more preferably at least 50% by mass, even more preferably at least 70% by mass, particularly preferably at least 90% by mass, and most preferably only water.
- the reaction temperature (II) is not particularly limited, but heating is preferred.
- the reaction temperature (II) is preferably, for example, 40°C to 200°C, 60°C to 200°C, 70°C to 200°C, 80°C to 200°C, 90°C to 200°C, or 95°C to 200°C.
- the reaction promoter (III) (for example, Lewis acid catalyst, radical initiator, oxidizing agent, etc.) is not particularly limited and may or may not be added, but generally any additive that promotes the Maillard reaction may be used. It can be used if Examples of Lewis acid catalysts include metal salts that generate metal ions such as zinc ions, lead ions, iron ions, and copper ions in an aqueous solution. Examples of the radical initiator include peroxides and their salts such as hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, peroxodisulfuric acid, and ethane peroxo acid, and oxoacids and their salts such as perchloric acid and periodic acid. Can be mentioned.
- oxidizing agents include nitric acid and its salts, permanganates, chromates, dichromates, hypochlorites, iron (III) chloride, iron (III) fluoride, iron (III) nitrate. , iron(III) sulfate, and the like.
- Other reaction promoters (III) include sodium chloride, phosphoric acid and its salts, ammonium sulfite, ammonium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite, sodium metabisulfite, potassium sulfite, potassium metabisulfite, and sulfur dioxide gas. It will be done.
- the reaction accelerator (III) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a known crosslinking agent (IV) may or may not be used in conjunction with the Maillard reaction.
- the crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, and may be any compound that is incorporated into the structure of the Maillard reaction product and forms a crosslinked structure.
- Examples of crosslinking agents include zirconium carbonate salts, titanium alkoxides, silane coupling agents, colloidal silica, isocyanates, blocked isocyanates, glyoxal, polycarboxylic acids and their anhydrides, phosphoric acid and phosphates, polycarboxylic acids ( succinic acid, citric acid, and maleic anhydride) and their salts, epoxy compounds, aziridine compounds, urethane compounds, hydrazide compounds, oxazoline compounds, carbodiimide compounds, methylolmelamine compounds (such as methylolmelamine and alkylated methylolmelamine), Examples include acetoacetyl compounds.
- the crosslinking agent (IV) may be used alone
- the pH (V) at the start of the reaction is not particularly limited, but the pH range in which the reaction tends to proceed may change depending on the amine compound (G) or amine equivalent (H) used, so it may be adjusted as appropriate.
- the Maillard reaction generally proceeds in a pH range that is not strongly acidic (for example, pH 2.0 to pH 14.0, pH 3.0 to pH 13.5, pH 4.0 to pH 13.5, or pH 5.0 to pH 13.5). It's easy to do. However, when using an amine compound (G) that causes a radical reaction such as ammonium peroxodisulfate, the reaction proceeds even in strong acidity, so it should be .0, pH 0.3 to pH 14.0, or pH 1.0 to pH 14.0).
- a pH adjuster may be added as appropriate to adjust the pH, but it is not necessary.
- the pH adjuster include, but are not limited to, inorganic acids, organic acids, inorganic bases, and organic bases.
- inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid.
- Examples of organic acids include acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, gallic acid, butyric acid, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, chloroacetic acid, formic acid, phthalic acid, fumaric acid, Examples include citric acid, tartaric acid, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid.
- the inorganic base include ammonia, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, and the like.
- Examples of the organic base include the above-mentioned amine compound (G).
- One type of pH adjuster may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the caramelization reaction product (D) refers to a raw material carbohydrate (A) and/or reductone (B) itself that undergoes reactions such as decomposition, oxidation, condensation, and polymerization due to heat or the like. Refers to the brown substance produced by this process.
- the caramelization reaction has a complicated reaction route, and it is extremely difficult to analyze the components of the caramelization reaction product (D). Therefore, in the present invention, it is assumed that the caramelization reaction product (D) is obtained when a brown substance is produced by the reaction of the carbohydrate (A) and/or the reductones (B) themselves. Determination as to whether or not a brown substance is generated is performed by the method described above.
- reaction conditions for caramelization reaction are not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that a brown substance is produced by heating the carbohydrate (A) and/or reductones (B), which are the raw materials, and the carbohydrate (A) during the reaction ) and the concentration of reductones (B), reaction time, reaction pressure, presence or absence and type of solvent and/or dispersion medium (i), reaction temperature (ii), addition of reaction accelerator (iii), and crosslinking agent (iv). ), adjustment of pH (v), etc. can be set as appropriate.
- reaction conditions (i) to (iv) see [1-4.
- the reaction conditions (I) to (IV) in [Reaction Conditions of Maillard Reaction] are the same, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.
- the pH (v) at the start of the reaction is not particularly limited, and a pH adjuster may be added as appropriate to adjust the pH, but it is not necessary.
- a pH adjuster include, but are not limited to, inorganic acids, organic acids, inorganic bases, and organic bases.
- inorganic acids include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid.
- Examples of organic acids include acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, gallic acid, butyric acid, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, chloroacetic acid, formic acid, phthalic acid, fumaric acid, Examples include citric acid, tartaric acid, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid.
- the inorganic base include ammonia, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, and the like.
- Examples of the organic base include the above-mentioned amine compound (G).
- One type of pH adjuster may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- Examples of the above-mentioned commercial products include commercially available caramel dyes.
- Caramel colors are generally classified into four types: caramel I, caramel II, caramel III, and caramel IV (Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Consumer Affairs Agency, "9th Edition Food Additives Official Standards 2018”).
- caramel coloring can be used in either liquid or powder form.
- Caramel I is obtained by heat-treating edible carbohydrates such as starch hydrolyzate, molasses, or sugars, or by heat-treating them with acid or alkali, and does not contain sulfite compounds or ammonium compounds. It's something that doesn't exist.
- Caramel II is obtained by further adding a sulfite compound during the reaction of Caramel I.
- Caramel I and caramel II correspond to caramelization reaction products (D). Specific commercially available products include liquid caramel manufactured by Morita Food System Co., Ltd.
- Powdered caramel product names: SAP and FP
- liquid caramel manufactured by Senba Toka Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Powdered caramel manufactured by the same company (Product name: Powdered caramel SW, Powdered caramel S-180W, Powdered caramel KS-W, Powdered caramel KS-SS, Powdered caramel C-85, Powdered caramel KS-LW, Powdered caramel KS-SSW, Powdered caramel Examples include caramel MW, powdered caramel BD-W), and caramel color I manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.
- Caramel III is obtained by heat-treating edible carbohydrates such as starch hydrolyzate, molasses, or saccharides by adding ammonium compounds or adding acids or alkalis to this, and does not use sulfite compounds. be.
- Caramel IV is obtained by adding a sulfite compound during the reaction of Caramel III.
- Caramel III and caramel IV correspond to Maillard reaction products (C). Specific commercially available products include liquid caramel manufactured by Morita Food System Co., Ltd. (product name: SL, MC, MR, MU, CL, CL-150, MS, MH, and DS), and powdered caramel manufactured by Morita Food System Co., Ltd. (product name: MRP).
- liquid caramel manufactured by Senba Toka Kogyo Co., Ltd. product names: Caramel TO, Caramel MG-18, Caramel S, Caramel TB, Caramel KD, Caramel BD-2, Caramel Z-80, Caramel Z-100, Caramel Z-35, and Examples include caramel WH-N-92), powdered caramel manufactured by the same company (product names: powdered caramel MG-18W, powdered caramel KD-W, and powdered caramel Z-35W), and caramel color III manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.
- a method for manufacturing a resin adhesive includes, for example, one or both of Step 1 and Step 2.
- the state of the raw materials in the reaction system may be gas, liquid, solid, or a combination thereof.
- the phase in the reaction system may include any of a gas phase, a liquid phase, and a solid phase, but preferably includes a liquid phase.
- a solvent and/or a dispersion medium may or may not be used.
- Step 2 A caramelization reaction occurs in a reaction system containing carbohydrates (A) and/or reductones (B) as raw materials to produce a brown substance.
- the state of the raw materials in the reaction system may be gas, liquid, solid, or a combination thereof.
- the phase in the reaction system may include any of a gas phase, a liquid phase, and a solid phase, but preferably includes a liquid phase.
- a solvent and/or a dispersion medium may or may not be used.
- the carbohydrate (A), reductones (B), amine compound (G), amine equivalent (H), Maillard reaction, and caramelization reaction are as described above.
- a laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a copper-based material base material, a layer of the resin adhesive, and a resin base material in this order.
- the laminate is provided as a copper-clad laminate including a copper-based material sheet, the above resin adhesive layer, and a resin sheet in this order.
- the copper-based material sheet may be laminated on one side of the resin sheet, or may be laminated on both sides of the resin sheet.
- the copper-based material sheet may be laminated on the entire surface of one or both sides of the resin sheet, or may be laminated only on a part of the surface.
- the resin adhesive layer is usually formed on the entire surface of the copper-based material sheet that is bonded to the resin sheet, but it is formed only on a part of the surface of the copper-based material sheet that is bonded to the resin sheet. It's okay. Similarly, the resin adhesive layer may be formed on the entire surface of the resin sheet that is bonded to the copper-based material sheet, or may be formed only on a part of the surface of the resin sheet that is bonded to the copper-based material sheet. may be formed. In addition, when the copper-based material sheet is laminated on both sides of the resin sheet, at least one of the copper-based material sheets is laminated to the resin sheet via a layer of resin adhesive according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- both copper-based material sheets are laminated to the resin sheet via a layer of resin adhesive according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the two copper-based material sheets laminated on both sides of the resin sheet may be the same or different, and the two resin adhesive layers may be the same or different. It may be.
- another layer may be laminated on the opposite side of the resin sheet to the side on which the copper-based material sheet is laminated. Good too. Examples of other layers include, but are not limited to, a release film layer for protecting the resin sheet.
- the copper-clad laminate may be one in which another layer is further laminated on the surface of the copper-based material sheet opposite to the surface on which the resin sheet is laminated.
- This other layer may be a layer of resin adhesive, ie, a layer containing one or both of the Maillard reaction product (C) and the caramelization reaction product (D).
- the copper-based material base material is mainly composed of copper or copper alloy (the concentration of copper or copper alloy is 50% by mass or more, preferably 60% by mass or more, more preferably 75% by mass or more, still more preferably 85% by mass or more, For example, 50 to 100% by mass), and is typically provided in the form of a sheet such as a plate or foil.
- the sheet may be composed of a single layer or a stack of two or more layers.
- the copper content in the copper alloy is not particularly limited as long as it contains copper, but is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, still more preferably 75% by mass or more, particularly preferably 85% by mass or more. % by mass or more.
- copper alloys include copper-zinc alloys, copper-iron-phosphorus alloys, copper-tin alloys, and copper-zirconium, which are specified in JIS H3100:2012 or CDA (Copper Development Association) standards. Examples include alloys, copper-nickel alloys, copper-silver alloys, etc., but are not limited to these.
- the copper-based material base material may be subjected to surface treatment that is generally applied to copper foil or copper alloy foil of copper-clad laminates used for printed wiring boards. Examples of the surface treatment include plating treatment such as single metal plating treatment or alloy plating treatment, chromate treatment, and the like.
- the plating process may be any known plating process, such as nickel, zinc, tin, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, tungsten, phosphorus, arsenic, chromium, vanadium, titanium, aluminum, gold, silver, platinum group elements, Examples include single metal plating treatment or alloy plating treatment containing one or more elements selected from the group of iron and tantalum.
- the plating treatment may be single layer plating or multilayer plating of two or more layers.
- the copper-based material base material may be surface-treated with a coupling agent such as a silane coupling agent, but according to the present invention, the copper-based material base material is usually coated with a coupling agent such as a silane coupling agent. Excellent adhesion between the copper-based material base material and the resin base material can be obtained even without surface treatment with a ring agent. Note that such surface treatment can be performed according to a known method.
- the copper-based material base material is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, copper plates such as rolled copper plates, rolled copper alloy plates, rolled copper foils, rolled copper alloy foils, electrolytic copper foils, and electrolytic copper alloy foils, copper alloy plates, and copper. Foils, copper alloy foils, and those whose surfaces have been subjected to the above-mentioned surface treatments can be suitably used. In addition, carrier-attached copper foils, carrier-attached copper alloy foils, and copper foils and copper alloy foils whose surfaces have been surface-treated as described above can also be suitably used.
- the copper foil that is not the carrier of the carrier-attached copper foil and the copper alloy foil that is not the carrier of the carrier-attached copper alloy foil can be used as the copper-based material base material of the laminate according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- laminates having a copper-based material base material such as copper plating material, copper alloy plating material, copper clad material, and copper alloy clad material on the surface, and the above-mentioned surface on the surface of these copper-based material base materials. Those that have been treated can also be suitably used.
- the copper-based material base material included in the laminate becomes the copper-based material base material of the laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the carrier of the carrier-attached copper foil or carrier-attached copper alloy foil is not particularly limited, and any commonly used carrier such as metal foil such as electrolytic copper foil or resin film can be used.
- the thickness of the carrier is also not particularly limited and can be selected as appropriate.
- the copper foil with a carrier and the copper alloy foil with a carrier are generally, for example, an electrolytic copper foil with a carrier and an electrolytic copper alloy foil with a carrier, but are not limited to these.
- the obtained laminate is also a laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the copper-based material base material has a smooth surface.
- the copper-based material base material is provided in the form of a sheet such as a plate or foil, it is preferable that both surfaces be smooth.
- the ten-point average roughness (Rzjis) of the surface is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, even more preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 2.5 ⁇ m or less. It is particularly preferable, and most preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or less. Further, it is preferable that the surface of the copper-based material base material is not usually roughened.
- the lower limit of the ten-point average roughness (Rzjis) of the surface of the copper-based material base material is not particularly limited, and is usually preferably closer to 0 ⁇ m.
- the ten-point average roughness of the surface of the copper-based material base material is illustratively in the range of 0.0001 ⁇ m to 14 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 0.001 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 0.01 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m. It is. Note that the ten-point average roughness (Rzjis) can be measured in accordance with JIS B0601:2001.
- the thickness is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the application, etc., but is usually preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 ⁇ m to It is 100 ⁇ m. Further, the adhesion area of the copper-based material base material to the resin base material is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the application.
- the coating amount per unit area of the resin adhesive layer is such that the desired adhesive strength is obtained. If so, it is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.1 to 3000 mg/m 2 , more preferably 0.5 to 2000 mg/m 2 , even more preferably 0.5 to 1500 mg/m 2 , more preferably from 0.5 to 1000 mg/m 2 , even more preferably from 0.5 to 700 mg/m 2 , particularly preferably from 0.5 to 600 mg/m 2 , and from 0.5 to 600 mg/m 2 Most preferably it is 500 mg/m 2 .
- the amount of the resin adhesive layer adhered is the amount attached per one side (one layer).
- the amount of adhesion of the resin adhesive layer can be measured indirectly by adding an element that is not contained in the adhesive to the adhesive using X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF).
- XRF X-ray fluorescence analysis
- compound ⁇ a compound having a known amount of an element not contained in the adhesive
- element ⁇ a compound having a known amount of an element not contained in the adhesive
- fluorescent X is added to the adhesive at a specific ratio
- fluorescent X is a method of calculating the adhesion amount per unit area of the adhesive layer from the adhesion amount of a known amount of element ⁇ per unit area using a line analysis method.
- the ratio of the amount of compound ⁇ added to the adhesive is, for example, 5% by mass to 40% by mass based on the total solid content.
- the content of the element ⁇ in the compound ⁇ is, for example, 30% to 80% in terms of mass.
- the compound ⁇ is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, zirconium ammonium carbonate, and in this case, the element ⁇ can be Zr. Further, the compound ⁇ may be used in the form of an aqueous solution.
- the thickness of the resin adhesive layer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected so that the amount of adhesion falls within the above range, but it is preferably 0.5 to 3000 nm, preferably 0.5 to 2000 nm. It is more preferably 0.5 to 1500 nm, particularly preferably 0.5 to 1000 nm, and most preferably 0.5 to 700 nm.
- the resin base material may be any base material containing resin. Therefore, the resin base material may be composed only of resin, but may also contain components other than resin. When the resin base material contains components other than resin, the resin may be the main component (resin concentration is 50% by mass or more), or the resin may not be the main component. Components other than resin include inorganic fibers such as carbon fibers and glass fibers. Examples of resin base materials containing components other than resin include base materials in which inorganic fibers (which may be in the form of woven or non-woven fabrics) are impregnated with a resin or a resin composition, typically prepreg. The resin base material is typically provided in the form of a sheet such as a film or prepreg.
- the sheet may be composed of a single layer or a stack of two or more layers. Moreover, the sheet may be soft (flexible) or hard (rigid).
- the resin base material may contain one type of resin or a mixture of two or more types of resin. Moreover, the resin base material can contain inorganic particles (filler), other various additives, etc. as necessary. Note that the components other than the resin that can be contained in the resin base material are not particularly limited, and components other than those mentioned above can also be used.
- the resin contained in the resin base material is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the intended use, but thermoplastic resins can be suitably used. Further, a resin having a dielectric constant of 5.0 or less at a temperature of 25° C. and 10 GHz is preferable, a resin of 4.0 or less is more preferable, and a resin of 3.5 or less is even more preferable. Typically, a resin having a dielectric constant of greater than 1.0 to 5.0, more typically 1.1 to 5.0 at a temperature of 25° C. and 10 GHz can be used. The dielectric constant of the resin can be measured by the cavity resonator method according to JIS C2565:1992.
- the resin includes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxy fluororesin (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), and ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoroalkoxy fluororesin
- FEP tetrafluoroethylene/hexafluoropropylene copolymer
- EPE ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer
- ECTFE ethylene/chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer
- fluororesins such as tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer
- LCP liquid crystal polymer
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- Examples include polyetherketone, polyphenylene ether (PPE), epoxy resin, bismaleimide triazine resin, cycloolefin polymer, polyimide, and the like.
- PEEK and fluororesins for example, PTFE, PFA, FEP, ETFE, ECTFE, tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, etc. are preferred, fluororesins are more preferred, and PTFE is particularly preferred.
- resin base material resin films and prepregs that are commercially available as resin base materials for printed wiring boards can also be used.
- the thickness is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the use etc., but is usually preferably 10 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- the laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention can be manufactured by bonding a copper-based material base material and a resin base material with the above resin adhesive in between, and is preferably produced.
- the resin adhesive may be provided in a liquid form, but may also be provided in a sheet form (eg, a sheet hot melt adhesive). When the resin adhesive is in liquid form, as described below, after forming a layer of resin adhesive on the surface of the copper-based material base material, the resin base material is bonded on top of the layer of resin adhesive.
- One method is to do so.
- the adhesive for resin is in the form of a sheet
- a method of sandwiching the sheet-like adhesive between a copper-based material base material and a resin base material and adhering them may be mentioned.
- a preferred method for manufacturing a laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention will be exemplified below, but the method for manufacturing a laminate is not limited to the following method.
- a copper-based material base material typically a copper-based material sheet such as copper foil, copper plate, copper alloy foil, or copper alloy plate (which may be surface treated as described above), or When using a laminate having a copper-based material base material on the surface, a layer of resin adhesive is formed on the copper-based material base material (which may have been surface treated as described above). do.
- the resin adhesive layer can be formed by, for example, dissolving or dispersing a resin adhesive containing one or both of the Maillard reaction product (C) and the caramelization reaction product (D) in a solvent (e.g., water).
- the resin adhesive layer can be formed by preparing an adhesive liquid for forming the resin adhesive layer, applying this to the surface of the copper-based material base material, and then drying it.
- the content of each compound in the adhesive liquid is not particularly limited and can be selected as appropriate.
- the solvent used in the adhesive liquid is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from commonly used solvents, and organic solvents can also be used, but water is usually preferred. Two or more solvents may be used in combination.
- the adhesive liquid may contain various commonly used additives, such as inorganic compounds and organic compounds such as resins (for example, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, urethane resins, which are generally used as binders), as necessary.
- resins for example, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, urethane resins, which are generally used as binders
- surfactant an antifoaming agent, a leveling agent, an antibacterial agent, a dye, a pigment, a fragrance, an antiblocking agent, a mold release agent, a rust preventive agent, etc. may or may not be added.
- Application of the adhesive liquid is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by any known method, such as bar coating, spraying, spin coating, roll coating, curtain coating, electrostatic powder coating, flow coating, etc. This can be done by dip coating method, dipping method, etc.
- the drying conditions after applying the adhesive liquid are not particularly limited and can be selected as appropriate, but usually, drying is carried out by heating so that the maximum temperature (PMT) of the copper-based material base material is 60 ° C to 300 ° C. It is preferable.
- the drying temperature is not particularly limited as long as a resin adhesive layer can be formed by drying the adhesive liquid, but the maximum temperature (PMT) of the copper-based material base is within the range of 60°C to 250°C. is more preferable, and particularly preferably within the range of 60°C to 200°C.
- the drying time is not particularly limited as long as a resin adhesive layer can be formed by drying the adhesive liquid, but for example, it may be 1 minute or more, 5 minutes or more, 10 minutes or more. It may be longer than 30 minutes, it may be less than 180 minutes, it may be less than 120 minutes, and it may be less than 60 minutes.
- the copper-based material base material may be subjected to cleaning treatments such as acid degreasing, alkali degreasing, acid cleaning, alkali cleaning, and water washing, and cleaning treatments.
- cleaning treatments such as acid degreasing, alkali degreasing, acid cleaning, alkali cleaning, and water washing, and cleaning treatments.
- a subsequent drying process may also be performed. Such cleaning treatment and drying can be performed according to known methods.
- a resin base material typically a resin film or a resin sheet such as prepreg
- the laminate according to this embodiment can be manufactured by adhering.
- the copper-based material base material is laminated onto a resin base material such as a resin film or prepreg via a layer of resin adhesive. It may be adhered to both sides at the same time, or it may be adhered to one side at a time.
- the method of adhering the resin film, prepreg, or the like to the copper-based material base material on which the resin adhesive layer is formed is not particularly limited, and can be performed using a known heating/pressing device. Pressure conditions and heating conditions are also not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the material used, the type of resin, etc.
- the press pressure may be 1 to 1000 kgf/cm 2
- the press time may be 0.1 to 1440 minutes
- the press temperature may be 80° C. to 600° C.
- typically the press pressure may be 5 to 100 kgf/cm 2 . cm 2
- the pressing time can be 0.5 to 600 minutes or less
- the pressing temperature can be 120°C to 450°C.
- the pressure may be reduced from normal pressure and then heated and pressurized.
- Carbohydrate (A)] (A-1) Dihydroxyacetone (monosaccharide/ketose/triose) (A-2) Xylose (monosaccharide/aldose/pentose) (A-3) Arabinose (monosaccharide/aldose/pentose) (A-4) Glucose (monosaccharide/aldose/hexose) (A-5) Fructose (monosaccharide/ketose/hexose) (A-6) Maltose (disaccharide) (A-7) Gluconic acid (50% by mass aqueous solution) (sugar acid) (A-8) Pullulan (manufactured by Hayashibara Co., Ltd.) (polysaccharide) (A-9) Celogen 5A (registered trademark) (Na salt of carboxymethylcellulose) (manufactured by Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.
- [Maillard reaction product (C) production conditions] [Manufacturing conditions 1: C-1 to C-16, C-18 to C-36] Based on the formulations shown in Tables 1 and 2, ion-exchanged water, carbohydrates (A) or reductones (B), and amine compounds (G) or amine equivalents (H) were mixed to form an aqueous solution. For Maillard reaction products with additives (C-13, C-23 to C-25), the additives were added at this stage. Tables 1 and 2 show the pH of the aqueous solution at room temperature at this point.
- aqueous solution before the reaction was placed in a 100 mL polypropylene container, sealed, and heated in a circulating hot air drying oven at a liquid temperature of 95°C for the time shown in Tables 1 and 2 to form a Maillard reaction product.
- a solution containing (C) was produced.
- the Maillard reaction products produced were designated as C-1 to C-16 and C-18 to C-36, respectively. Whether or not a Maillard reaction product was produced was determined by whether a brown substance was produced using a spectrocolorimeter (SD7000) manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. according to the method described above. When a brown substance was produced, "present" was written in Tables 1 and 2. The same applies to the following manufacturing examples.
- the produced caramelization reaction products were designated as (D-1 to D-8). Whether or not a caramelization reaction product was produced was determined by whether a brown substance was produced using a spectrocolorimeter (SD7000) manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. according to the method described above. If a brown substance was produced, "Present” was written in Table 3. The same applies to the following manufacturing examples.
- Example 1 As a copper-based material base material, an electrolytic copper foil (K-1) having a heat-resistant plating layer and an electrolytic chromate layer in this order from the outside to the inside was prepared (thickness: 18 ⁇ m, Rzjis: 0.14 ⁇ m, Ra: 0.05 ⁇ m). The solid concentration of the Maillard reaction product (C-1) was adjusted with ion-exchanged water so that the adhesive layer formed on the surface of the copper foil had an adhesion amount of 12 mg/m 2 . It was applied to the surface (bar coating method). Thereafter, it was dried for 1 minute at 100° C. in a circulating hot air drying oven to form an adhesive layer on the surface of the copper foil.
- K-1 electrolytic copper foil having a heat-resistant plating layer and an electrolytic chromate layer in this order from the outside to the inside was prepared (thickness: 18 ⁇ m, Rzjis: 0.14 ⁇ m, Ra: 0.05 ⁇ m).
- PTFE prepreg manufactured by Rogers Corporation, product name "RO3003 Bondply", thickness 0.1 mm
- L-1 PTFE prepreg (manufactured by Rogers Corporation, product name "RO3003 Bondply", thickness 0.1 mm) (L-1) was bonded to the surface of the adhesive layer of the copper foil on which the adhesive layer was formed, and then aluminum foil was applied.
- a copper-clad laminate was produced by wrapping and adhering it while shielding it from the atmosphere.
- the bonding conditions were a press pressure of 30 kgf/cm 2 , a press time of 45 minutes, and a press temperature of 370°C.
- Examples 2 to 67 For Examples 2 to 67, the adhesives shown in Table 4 (Maillard reaction products (C-2 to C-36), caramelization reaction products (D-1 to D-10), and commercially available caramel dyes ( Using J-1 to J-3)) shown below, adjust the solid content concentration with ion-exchanged water so that the adhesive layer formed on the surface of the copper foil has the adhesion amount shown in Table 4.
- An adhesive layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that it was coated (bar coating method) on one surface of the copper-based material base material shown in 4 (K-1 to K-3 shown below). .
- Example 1 except that the following copper-based material base material (M-1) was used, no adhesive layer was formed, and bonding was performed under the conditions of the press time and press temperature shown in Table 5.
- a copper-clad laminate was manufactured in the same manner as above.
- M-1 Electrolytic copper foil (thickness 18 ⁇ m, Rzjis 1.77 ⁇ m, Ra 0.19 ⁇ m) with an adhesive layer of a silane coupling agent, a heat-resistant plating layer, and an electrolytic chromate layer in this order from the outside to the inside.
- Adhesives shown in Table 5 (Maillard reaction products (C-4, C-17), caramelization reaction products (D-1), commercially available caramel color (J-2)), or commercially available water-based resins (hereinafter referred to as Examples N-1 to N-7) shown in Table 5 were used, except that the solid content concentration was adjusted with ion-exchanged water so that the adhesive layer formed on the surface of the copper foil had the adhesion amount shown in Table 5.
- An adhesive layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1. Thereafter, using the resin base materials (L-1 to L-3) shown in Table 5 or the material base materials other than resin (O-1 to O-3 shown below), press for the press time shown in Table 5.
- a copper-clad laminate was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the bonding was performed under different temperature conditions.
- the adhesion amount of the adhesive layer was determined by the following method. A predetermined amount of an aqueous zirconium ammonium carbonate solution was added to the Maillard reaction product (C-1) having a known solid content concentration to prepare a coating treatment agent for measuring the amount of adhesion. At this time, the solid content ratio of zirconium ammonium carbonate to the total solid content was 15% by mass. Next, using the prepared coating treatment agent, a coating film was formed on electrolytic copper foil (K-1), which is a copper-based material base material, by a bar coating method. It was dried for 1 minute at °C to form a dry coating.
- K-1 electrolytic copper foil
- the copper foil on which the dry coating film was formed was cut into 4 cm width x 4 cm length samples to be measured, and analyzed with a fluorescent X-ray analyzer (ZSX Primus II manufactured by Rigaku Co., Ltd.) to determine the amount of zirconium deposited per unit area. was measured. Based on this result, it is possible to calculate the adhesion amount per unit area of the entire dry coating film at a known solid content concentration, so the above operation can be performed at several solid content concentrations without changing the type of bar coat, and A two-axis graph (calibration curve) with the axes of concentration and adhesion amount was created.
- a copper-clad laminate for evaluation of adhesion having an adhesive layer with a desired amount of adhesion was produced using the Maillard reaction product (C-1) with a known solid content concentration without the addition of .
- the solid content concentration of each adhesive was determined.
- the solid content concentration was adjusted so that the adhesive layer formed on the surface of the copper foil had the amount of adhesion shown in Tables 4 and 5.
- the relationship between solid content concentration and adhesion amount is as follows for the adhesives shown in Tables 4 and 5 (C-2 to C-36, D-1 to D-10, J-1 to J-3, and N-1 ⁇ N-7) and electrolytic copper foil (K-1, K-2, or K-3).
- Adhesiveness evaluation> The copper-clad laminates produced in the above Examples and Comparative Examples were cut into pieces of 0.3 cm width x 7 cm length, and the peel strength (peel strength) of the copper foil in the 90° direction was determined in accordance with JIS C5012:1993. Strength) was measured, and adhesiveness was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. In this evaluation, those with a rating of 2 points or less were evaluated as having poor adhesiveness. The results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
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Abstract
Description
[1]
糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)とアミン化合物(G)とを原料としたメイラード反応生成物(C)、並びに、糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)を原料としたカラメル化反応生成物(D)から選択される一方又は両方を含有する樹脂用接着剤。
[2]
銅系材料基材と、[1]に記載の樹脂用接着剤の層と、樹脂基材とを、この順番で備える積層体。
[3]
糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)と、アミン化合物(G)及び/又はアミン等価体(H)とを原料としたメイラード反応生成物(C)、並びに、糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)を原料としたカラメル化反応生成物(D)から選択される一方又は両方を含有する樹脂用接着剤。
[4]
銅系材料基材と、[3]に記載の樹脂用接着剤の層と、樹脂基材とを、この順番で備える積層体。
本発明の一実施形態に係る樹脂用接着剤は、糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)とアミン化合物(G)及び/又はアミン等価体(H)とを原料としたメイラード反応生成物(C)、並びに、糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)を原料としたカラメル化反応生成物(D)から選択される一方又は両方を含有する。樹脂用接着剤は、メイラード反応生成物(C)及びカラメル化反応生成物(D)以外の添加剤を含有し得る。添加剤としては、例えば、接着剤の製造時に添加した反応促進剤(III)、架橋剤(IV)、pH調整剤など、及び、接着剤液の製造時に添加した無機化合物、有機化合物などが挙げられる。
本発明において、糖質(A)とは、単糖及び多糖(以下、化合物(E)とする)、並びに化合物(E)の誘導体(以下、糖誘導体(F)とする)を指す。単糖とは、炭素が3つ以上連続し、アルデヒド基又はケトン基を1つ以上、及びヒドロキシ基を2つ以上有する多価アルコールの化合物を指し、それ以上加水分解できない糖質のことである。多糖とは、2以上の単糖が結合したものを指す。多糖を構成する糖の結合様式は特に限定されず、例えば、エーテル結合(特にグリコシド結合)やエステル結合等が挙げられる。糖質(A)には、鎖状構造及び環状構造を有するものがあり、両者の混合物として提供されてもよい。
本発明において、レダクトン類(B)とは、分子内に下記の式1で表される化学構造を有する化合物をいう。具体的には、アスコルビン酸、エリソルビン酸及びそれらの塩(例えば、アルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属塩、若しくは遷移金属塩、及び上記金属塩の複塩等)等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。また、分子内に下記化学構造を有する化合物である限りにおいて、官能基が一部変換された化合物でもよく、また、それらの塩化合物でもよい。「官能基が一部変換された」例は、糖質(A)の説明で述べたのと同様である。レダクトン類(B)は1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて使用してもよい。
本発明において、メイラード反応生成物(C)とは、原料である糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)とアミン化合物(G)が反応して生成した褐色物質を指す。メイラード反応においては、糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)がアミン化合物(G)と結合し、更に分解、酸化、縮合、及び重合などの反応が関与していると考えられるが、反応経路が複雑であり、メイラード反応生成物(C)の成分分析を行うのは極めて困難である。このため、本発明においては、糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)とアミン化合物(G)が反応することで、褐色物質が生成したことをもってメイラード反応生成物(C)が得られたとする。
YI=100(1.28X-1.06Z)/Y
液体試料の調製のために樹脂用接着剤を希釈するときの溶媒及び/又は分散媒は純水とする。液体試料の調製のために樹脂用接着剤を濃縮する場合は、樹脂用接着剤を容器に入れ、大気開放下35℃以下で静置して溶媒及び/又は分散媒を蒸発させる方法や、ロータリーエバポレーターを用いて35℃以下で溶媒及び/又は分散媒を減圧留去する方法を用いることができる。
また、液体試料の質量濃度は樹脂用接着剤の乾燥前後の重量から算出することができる。
また、分光色彩計の測定において、樹脂用接着剤濃度を10質量%に調整した際の液体試料の色が濃過ぎるため透過率が測定できない場合は、透過率が測定できるまで樹脂用接着剤を希釈し、測定したYIが2.5以上であれば、「褐色物質が生成されている」と判定する。
メイラード反応の反応条件としては特に限定されず、原料である糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)と、アミン化合物(G)及び/又はアミン等価体(H)から生じたアミン化合物(G)とが反応して、褐色物質が生成されればよく、反応時の糖質(A)、レダクトン類(B)及びアミン化合物(G)の濃度、反応時間、反応圧力、溶媒及び/又は分散媒(I)の有無と種類、反応温度(II)、反応促進剤(III)の添加、及び架橋剤(IV)の添加、pH(V)の調整等、適宜設定することができる。アミン等価体(H)を用いる場合は、反応系内でアミン等価体(H)が分解してアミン化合物(G)が生成すると共にメイラード反応が起こるように反応条件を適宜調整してよく、アミン化合物(G)を反応系内で生成させた後に、メイラード反応の反応条件を適宜調節してもよい。
本発明において、カラメル化反応生成物(D)とは、原料である糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)自体が熱などによって、分解、酸化、縮合、及び重合などの反応を起こすことで生成した褐色物質を指す。カラメル化反応は反応経路が複雑であり、カラメル化反応生成物(D)の成分分析を行うのは極めて困難である。このため、本発明においては、糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)自体が反応することで褐色物質が生成したことをもってカラメル化反応生成物(D)が得られたとする。褐色物質が生成されているか否かの判定は、先述した方法により行う。
カラメル化反応の反応条件としては特に限定されず、原料である糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)の加熱などにより、褐色物質が生成されればよく、反応時の糖質(A)及びレダクトン類(B)の濃度、反応時間、反応圧力、溶媒及び/又は分散媒(i)の有無と種類、反応温度(ii)、反応促進剤(iii)の添加、及び架橋剤(iv)の添加、pH(v)の調整等、適宜設定することができる。
本発明の一実施形態によれば樹脂用接着剤の製造方法が提供される。樹脂用接着剤の製造方法は、例えば、工程1及び工程2の一方又は両方を含む。
工程1:糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)とアミン化合物(G)及び/又はアミン等価体(H)を原料として含有する反応系中でメイラード反応を起こし、褐色物質を生成する。反応系中の原料の状態は、気体でも液体でも固体でもよく、それらの組み合わせでもよい。反応系中の相は気相、液相、固相のいずれを含んでいてもよいが、液相を含むことが好ましい。溶媒及び/又は分散媒を用いても、用いなくてもよい。
工程2:糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)を原料として含有する反応系中でカラメル化反応を起こし、褐色物質を生成する。反応系中の原料の状態は、気体でも液体でも固体でもよく、それらの組み合わせでもよい。反応系中の相は気相、液相、固相のいずれを含んでいてもよいが、液相を含むことが好ましい。溶媒及び/又は分散媒を用いても、用いなくてもよい。
糖質(A)、レダクトン類(B)、アミン化合物(G)、アミン等価体(H)、メイラード反応、及びカラメル化反応については上述した通りである。
本発明の一実施形態に係る積層体は、銅系材料基材と、上記樹脂用接着剤の層と、樹脂基材とを、この順番で備える。典型的には、積層体は、銅系材料シートと、上記の樹脂用接着剤の層と、樹脂シートとを、この順番で備える銅張積層板として提供される。銅張積層板において、銅系材料シートは、樹脂シートの片面に積層されていてもよく、樹脂シートの両面に積層されていてもよい。また、銅系材料シートは、樹脂シートの片側又は両側の全表面に積層されていても、表面の一部にのみ積層されていてもよい。樹脂用接着剤の層は、通常、銅系材料シートの樹脂シートとの貼り合わせ面の全面に形成されるが、銅系材料シートの樹脂シートとの貼り合わせ面の一部にのみ形成されていてもよい。同様に、樹脂用接着剤の層は、樹脂シートの銅系材料シートとの貼り合わせ面の全面に形成されていてもよく、樹脂シートの銅系材料シートとの貼り合わせ面の一部にのみ形成されていてもよい。なお、銅系材料シートが樹脂シートの両面に積層されている場合は、少なくとも片方の銅系材料シートが、本発明の一実施形態に係る樹脂用接着剤の層を介して、樹脂シートに積層されていればよいが、両方の銅系材料シートが、本発明の一実施形態に係る樹脂用接着剤の層を介して、樹脂シートに積層されていることが好ましい。樹脂シートの両面に積層された2つの銅系材料シートは同一のものであっても、異なるものであってもよく、2つの樹脂用接着剤の層も同一のものであっても、異なるものであってもよい。銅系材料シートが樹脂シートの片面に積層されている場合は、樹脂シートの、銅系材料シートが積層されている面と反対側の面には、他の層が積層されたものであってもよい。他の層としては、樹脂シートを保護するための離型フィルム層が例示されるが、これらに限定されるものではない。また、銅張積層板は、銅系材料シートの、樹脂シートが積層されている面と反対側の面に、さらに、他の層が積層されたものであってもよい。この他の層は、樹脂用接着剤の層、すなわち、メイラード反応生成物(C)及びカラメル化反応生成物(D)の一方又は両方を含有する層であってもよい。
銅系材料基材は、銅又は銅合金を主成分(銅又は銅合金の濃度が50質量%以上、好ましくは60質量%以上、より好ましくは75質量%以上、さらに好ましくは85質量%以上、例えば50~100質量%)とする基材であり、典型的には板及び箔等のシートの形態で提供される。シートは、単層で構成されてもよいし、二層以上が積層されて構成されてもよい。銅合金における銅の含有割合としては、銅を含有していれば、特に限定されないが、好ましくは50質量%以上、より好ましくは60質量%以上、さらに好ましくは75質量%以上、特に好ましくは85質量%以上である。銅合金としては具体的に、JIS H3100:2012、又はCDA(Copper Development Association)規格に定められている、銅-亜鉛合金系、銅-鉄-リン合金系、銅-錫合金系、銅-ジルコニウム合金系、銅-ニッケル合金系、銅-銀合金系等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。銅系材料基材は、プリント配線板に用いられる銅張積層板の銅箔又は銅合金箔に一般的に施される表面処理が施されたものであってもよい。表面処理としては、例えば、単一金属めっき処理、又は合金めっき処理等のめっき処理や、クロメート処理などが挙げられる。めっき処理としては、公知のめっき処理のいずれでもよく、例えば、ニッケル、亜鉛、錫、コバルト、モリブデン、銅、タングステン、リン、砒素、クロム、バナジウム、チタン、アルミニウム、金、銀、白金族元素、鉄、タンタルの群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の元素を含む単一金属めっき処理又は合金めっき処理が挙げられる。めっき処理は単層めっきでも二層以上の多層めっきでもよい。また、銅系材料基材は、シランカップリング剤などのカップリング剤による表面処理が施されたものであってもよいが、本発明によれば、通常、銅系材料基材に対してカップリング剤による表面処理を行なわなくても、優れた銅系材料基材と樹脂基材との接着性が得られる。なお、このような表面処理は、公知の方法にしたがって行なうことができる。
樹脂用接着剤の層、すなわちメイラード反応生成物(C)及びカラメル化反応生成物(D)の一方又は両方を含有する層の単位面積当たりの付着量は所望の接着力が得られる付着量であれば特に限定されないが、0.1~3000mg/m2であることが好ましく、0.5~2000mg/m2であることがより好ましく、0.5~1500mg/m2であることがさらに好ましく、0.5~1000mg/m2であることがさらに好ましく、0.5~700mg/m2であることがさらに好ましく、0.5~600mg/m2であることが特に好ましく、0.5~500mg/m2であることが最も好ましい。
樹脂基材は、樹脂を含有する基材であればよい。従って、樹脂基材は、樹脂のみで構成してもよいが、樹脂以外の成分を含有してもよい。樹脂基材が樹脂以外の成分を含有する場合、樹脂を主成分(樹脂の濃度が50質量%以上)としてもよいし、樹脂を主成分としなくてもよい。樹脂以外の成分としては、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維などの無機繊維が挙げられる。樹脂以外の成分を含有する樹脂基材としては、例えば、無機繊維(織布又は不織布の形態としてもよい)に樹脂又は樹脂組成物が含浸された基材、典型的にはプリプレグが挙げられる。樹脂基材は、典型的にはフィルム及びプリプレグ等のシートの形態で提供される。シートは、単層で構成されてもよいし、二層以上が積層されて構成されてもよい。また、シートは軟質(フレキシブル)であってもよく、硬質(リジッド)であってもよい。樹脂基材に含まれる樹脂は、1種であっても、2種以上の樹脂の混合物であってもよい。また、樹脂基材は、必要に応じて、無機粒子(フィラー)、その他の各種添加剤などを含有することができる。なお、樹脂基材が含有可能な樹脂以外の成分は特に限定されず、上記以外のものも用いることができる。
また、温度25℃、10GHzにおける比誘電率が5.0以下の樹脂が好ましく、4.0以下の樹脂がより好ましく、3.5以下の樹脂が更により好ましい。典型的には温度25℃、10GHzにおける比誘電率が1.0超~5.0、より典型的には1.1~5.0の樹脂を使用することができる。樹脂の比誘電率は、JIS C2565:1992に従って、空洞共振器法により測定することができる。
本発明の一実施形態に係る積層体、典型的には銅張積層板は、銅系材料基材と樹脂基材を上記の樹脂用接着剤を挟んで接着することにより製造可能であり、好ましくは、銅系材料基材の表面に樹脂用接着剤の層を形成後に、当該樹脂用接着剤の層の上に樹脂基材を接着することにより製造可能である。樹脂用接着剤は液体の形態で提供されてもよいが、シートの形態(例:シート状のホットメルト接着剤)で提供されてもよい。樹脂用接着剤が液体の形態にある場合は、後述するように銅系材料基材の表面に樹脂用接着剤の層を形成後に、当該樹脂用接着剤の層の上に樹脂基材を接着する方法が挙げられる。樹脂用接着剤がシートの形態にある場合は、シート状の接着剤を銅系材料基材と樹脂基材との間に挟んで接着する方法が挙げられる。以下に、本発明の一実施形態に係る積層体の好適な製造方法について例示的に説明するが、積層体の製造方法は、以下の方法に限定されるものではない。
メイラード反応生成物(C)の原料として、以下の糖質(A)又はレダクトン類(B)と、アミン化合物(G)又はアミン等価体(H)とを用い、カラメル化反応生成物(D)の原料として、以下の糖質(A)又はレダクトン類(B)を用いた。また、反応時の添加剤として、以下の添加剤(I)を用いた。糖質(A)、レダクトン類(B)、アミン化合物(G)、アミン等価体(H)、及び添加剤(I)について特記されていない場合、富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製のものを使用した。
[糖質(A)]
(A-1)ジヒドロキシアセトン(単糖/ケトース/トリオース)
(A-2)キシロース(単糖/アルドース/ペントース)
(A-3)アラビノース(単糖/アルドース/ペントース)
(A-4)グルコース(単糖/アルドース/ヘキソース)
(A-5)フルクトース(単糖/ケトース/ヘキソース)
(A-6)マルトース(二糖)
(A-7)グルコン酸(50質量%水溶液)(糖酸)
(A-8)プルラン(株式会社林原製)(多糖)
(A-9)セロゲン5A(登録商標)(カルボキシメチルセルロースのNa塩)(第一工業製薬株式会社製)(多糖)
(A-10)アラビアガム(住友ファーマフード&ケミカル株式会社製)(多糖)
(A-11)ソルビトール(糖アルコール)
[レダクトン類(B)]
(B-1)アスコルビン酸(レダクトン)
(B-2)アスコルビン酸ナトリウム(レダクトンの塩)
[アミン化合物(G)]
(G-1)アンモニア水(28.0~30.0質量%)
(G-2)ジブチルアミン
(G-3)アニリン
(G-4)トリメチレンテトラミン
(G-5)エポミン(登録商標)P-1000(株式会社日本触媒製)
(G-6)塩化アンモニウム
(G-7)硝酸アンモニウム
(G-8)グリシン
(G-9)L-アスパラギン一水和物
(G-10)3-アミノ-1H-1,2,4-トリアゾール
(G-11)3,5-ジアミノ-1H-1,2,4-トリアゾール
(G-12)ペルオキソ二硫酸アンモニウム
[アミン等価体(H)]
(H-1)尿素
(H-2)チオ尿素
[添加剤(I)]
(I-1)30質量%過酸化水素水
(I-2)35質量%塩酸
(I-3)50質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液
[製造条件1:C-1~C-16、C-18~C-36]
表1及び表2に示される配合に基づき、イオン交換水と糖質(A)又はレダクトン類(B)とアミン化合物(G)又はアミン等価体(H)を混合し、水溶液とした。添加剤を用いるメイラード反応生成物(C-13、C-23~C-25)については、この段階で添加剤を加えた。この時点の水溶液の室温におけるpHを表1及び表2に示す。続いて、上記の反応前の水溶液を100mLのポリプロピレン容器に入れ、密閉し、循環式熱風乾燥炉内で液温を95℃として、表1及び表2に示される時間加熱し、メイラード反応生成物(C)を含む溶液を製造した。製造したメイラード反応生成物をそれぞれC-1~C-16、C-18~C-36とした。メイラード反応生成物が生成したか否かは、先述した方法により日本電色工業株式会社製の分光色彩計(SD7000)を用いて褐色物質が生成されているか否かにより判定した。褐色物質が生成されている場合に表1及び表2に「有り」と記載した。以下の製造例も同様である。
表1に示される配合に基づき、イオン交換水とレダクトン類(B-1)と30質量%アンモニア水(G-1)(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)を混合し、水溶液とした。この時点の水溶液の室温におけるpHを表1に示す。この水溶液とスターラーチップを100mLのガラスビーカーに入れ、液温を90℃として8時間加熱攪拌し、メイラード反応生成物(C)を含む溶液を製造した。製造したメイラード反応生成物をC-17とした。
[製造条件3:D-1~D-8]
表3に示される配合に基づき、イオン交換水と糖質(A)を混合し、水溶液とした。添加剤を用いるカラメル化反応生成物(D-6~D-8)については、この段階で添加剤を加えた。この時点の水溶液の室温におけるpHを表3に示す。続いて、上記の反応前の水溶液を100mLのポリプロピレン容器に入れ、密閉し、循環式熱風乾燥炉内で液温を95℃として、表3に示される時間加熱し、カラメル化反応生成物(D)を含む溶液を製造した。製造したカラメル化反応生成物を(D-1~D-8)とした。カラメル化反応生成物が生成したか否かは、先述した方法により日本電色工業株式会社製の分光色彩計(SD7000)を用いて褐色物質が生成されているか否かにより判定した。褐色物質が生成されている場合に表3に「有り」と記載した。以下の製造例も同様である。
表3に示される配合に基づき、イオン交換水とレダクトン類(B)を混合し、水溶液とした。この時点の水溶液の室温におけるpHを表3に示す。この水溶液とスターラーチップを100mLのガラスビーカーに入れ、液温を90℃として、8時間加熱攪拌し、カラメル化反応生成物(D)を含む溶液を製造した。製造したカラメル化反応生成物(D-9~D-10)とした。
[樹脂用接着剤の層の形成]
[実施例1]
銅系材料基材として、外側から内側に向かって耐熱めっき層と電解クロメート層をこの順に備えた電解銅箔(厚さ18μm、Rzjis0.14μm、Ra0.05μm)(K-1)を用意した。銅箔表面に形成される接着剤の層が12mg/m2の付着量となるように、イオン交換水でメイラード反応生成物(C-1)の固形分濃度を調整し、銅箔の一方の表面へ塗布(バーコート法)した。その後、循環式熱風乾燥炉内にて100℃で1分間乾燥して、銅箔表面に接着剤の層を形成した。
接着剤の層を形成した銅箔の接着剤の層の表面にPTFEプリプレグ(ロジャースコーポレーション製、商品名「RO3003 Bondply」、厚み0.1mm)(L-1)を貼り合わせ、その後、アルミ箔で包み大気から遮断した状態で接着することで銅張積層板を製造した。接着条件は、プレス圧力30kgf/cm2、プレス時間45分、プレス温度370℃とした。
実施例2~67については、表4に示す接着剤(メイラード反応生成物(C-2~C-36)、カラメル化反応生成物(D-1~D-10)、及び市販のカラメル色素(以下に示すJ-1~J-3))を用いて、銅箔表面に形成される接着剤の層が表4に示す付着量となるようにイオン交換水で固形分濃度を調整し、表4に示す銅系材料基材(以下に示すK-1~K-3)の一方の表面へ塗布(バーコート法)した以外は実施例1と同様の方法にて接着剤の層を形成した。その後、表4に示す樹脂基材(以下に示すL-1~L-3)を用いて、表4に示すプレス時間、プレス温度の条件にて接着した以外は実施例1と同様の方法にて、銅張積層板を製造した。
[カラメル色素]
(J-1)市販品カラメル色素、カラメルI
(J-2)市販品カラメル色素、カラメルIII
(J-3)市販品カラメル色素、カラメルIV
[銅系材料基材]
(K-1)外側から内側に向かって耐熱めっき層と電解クロメート層をこの順に備えた電解銅箔(厚さ18μm、Rzjis0.14μm、Ra0.05μm)
(K-2)耐熱めっき層を備えた電解銅箔(厚さ18μm、Rzjis1.05μm、Ra0.20μm)
(K-3)電解銅箔(厚さ18μm、Rzjis0.89μm、Ra0.17μm)
[樹脂基材]
(L-1)PTFEプリプレグ(ロジャースコーポレーション製、商品名「RO3003 Bondply」、厚み0.1mm)(10GHzにおける比誘電率3.0±0.04、誘電正接0.0010)
(L-2)ETFEシート(アズワン株式会社製、厚み0.05mm)(10GHzにおける比誘電率2.6、誘電正接0.0150)
(L-3)PEEK系プリプレグ(厚み0.05mm)(10GHzにおける比誘電率3.1、誘電正接0.0033)
表5に示す糖質(A-4、A-5、A-8)又はレダクトン類(B-1)の水溶液を接着剤の層の形成に用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして銅張積層板を製造した。
接着剤の層を形成しなかったこと、及び表5に示す樹脂基材(L-1~L-3)又は樹脂以外の材料基材(以下に示すO-1~O-3)を用いて、表5に示すプレス時間、プレス温度の条件にて接着した以外は実施例1と同様の方法にて、銅張積層板を製造した。
以下に示す銅系材料基材(M-1)を用いたこと、接着剤の層を形成しなかったこと、及び表5に示すプレス時間、プレス温度の条件にて接着した以外は実施例1と同様の方法にて、銅張積層板を製造した。
(M-1)外側から内側に向かってシランカップリング剤の接着剤層と耐熱めっき層と電解クロメート層をこの順に備えた電解銅箔(厚さ18μm、Rzjis1.77μm、Ra0.19μm)
表5に示す接着剤(メイラード反応生成物(C-4、C-17)、カラメル化反応生成物(D-1)、市販のカラメル色素(J-2))、又は市販の水系樹脂(以下に示すN-1~N-7)を用いて、銅箔表面に形成される接着剤の層が表5に示す付着量となるようにイオン交換水で固形分濃度を調整した以外は実施例1と同様の方法にて接着剤の層を形成した。その後、表5に示す樹脂基材(L-1~L-3)、又は樹脂以外の材料基材(以下に示すO-1~O-3)を用いて、表5に示すプレス時間、プレス温度の条件にて接着した以外は実施例1と同様の方法にて、銅張積層板を製造した。
(N-1)モデピクス(登録商標)302(荒川化学工業株式会社製)(エポキシ樹脂)
(N-2)ゴーセネックス(登録商標)LW-100(日本合成化学工業株式会社製)(スルホ基変性PVOH)
(N-3)アローベース(登録商標)YA-6010(ユニチカ株式会社製)(変性ポリプロピレン)
(N-4)ピッツコール(登録商標)V-7154(第一工業製薬株式会社製)(PVP/PVA)
(N-5)アクアリック(登録商標)HL415(株式会社日本触媒製)(ポリアクリル酸)
(N-6)ボンコート(登録商標)CF-6140(DIC株式会社製)(アクリル樹脂)
(N-7)エリーテル(登録商標)KT-507(ユニチカ株式会社製)(エステル樹脂)
(O-1)ガラス繊維布
(O-2)SUS箔(アズワン株式会社製、厚み0.1mm)
(O-3)アルミホイル(MAアルミニウム株式会社製、厚み12μm)
(O-1)のガラス繊維布は、エポキシ樹脂プリプレグ(昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社製、商品名「GEA-679N」)を60℃に加温したクロロホルムに入れ、エポキシ樹脂を完全に溶解させ、ガラス繊維布のみを取り出した。それを、別の60℃に加温したクロロホルムに再度浸漬し、残存したエポキシ樹脂を取り除いた後に、循環式乾燥炉内で、80℃、1分間乾燥させたものを用いた。
上記で使用した銅箔の樹脂との貼り合わせ面の十点平均粗さ(Rzjis)及び算術平均粗さ(Ra)は、JIS B0601:2001に準拠し、レーザー顕微鏡(株式会社キーエンス製 VK-8701)にて測定した。
接着剤層の付着量は以下の方法にて決定した。既知の固形分濃度のメイラード反応生成物(C-1)に対して、炭酸ジルコニウムアンモニウム水溶液を所定量添加し、付着量測定用の塗布処理剤を調製した。この際、全固形分に対する炭酸ジルコニウムアンモニウムの固形分比は、15質量%とした。次に調製した塗布処理剤を用いて、銅系材料基材である電解銅箔(K-1)上にバーコート法にて塗膜を形成し、その後、循環式熱風乾燥炉内にて100℃で1分間乾燥して、乾燥塗膜を形成した。上記の乾燥塗膜を形成した銅箔を4cm幅×4cm長さに切断して測定サンプルとし、蛍光X線分析装置(株式会社リガク製ZSX PrimusII)で分析して、単位面積当たりのジルコニウム付着量を測定した。この結果に基づき既知の固形分濃度における乾燥塗膜全体の単位面積当たりの付着量が計算できるため、上記の操作を、バーコートの種類を変えずに、数点の固形分濃度で行ない、固形分濃度と付着量を軸とした2軸のグラフ(検量線)を作成した。目的の付着量が上記2軸グラフにおいて、実際に測定した付着量の値の区間に内挿されていることを確認し、目的の付着量に応じた固形分濃度を計算し、炭酸ジルコニウムアンモニウム水溶液を添加していない既知の固形分濃度のメイラード反応生成物(C-1)を用いて、目的の付着量の接着剤層を有する接着性評価用銅張積層板を作製した。上記の方法と同様にして、各接着剤(C-2~C-36、D-1~D-10、J-1~J-3及び、N-1~N-7)について、固形分濃度と付着量の関係を求め、銅箔表面に形成される接着剤の層が、表4、表5に示す付着量となるように固形分濃度に調整した。なお、固形分濃度と付着量の関係は、表4及び表5に示す接着剤(C-2~C-36、D-1~D-10、J-1~J-3及び、N-1~N-7)と電解銅箔(K-1、K-2、又はK-3)の組み合わせ毎に求めた。
上記の実施例及び比較例にて作製した銅張積層板を0.3cm幅×7cm長さに切断し、JIS C5012:1993に準拠して、90°方向の銅箔の引き剥がし強さ(剥離強度)を測定し、以下の評価基準に従って接着性を評価した。なお、本評価においては、評点2点以下のものを接着性に劣るものとして評価した。結果を表4及び表5に示す。
[評価基準:剥離強度]
1点:0N/cm以上1.0N/cm未満
2点:1.0N/cm以上2.5N/cm未満
3点:2.5N/cm以上5.0N/cm未満
4点:5.0N/cm以上7.5N/cm未満
5点:7.5N/cm以上10.0N/cm未満
6点:10.0N/cm以上
Claims (4)
- 糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)とアミン化合物(G)とを原料としたメイラード反応生成物(C)、並びに、糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)を原料としたカラメル化反応生成物(D)から選択される一方又は両方を含有する樹脂用接着剤。
- 銅系材料基材と、請求項1に記載の樹脂用接着剤の層と、樹脂基材とを、この順番で備える積層体。
- 糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)と、アミン化合物(G)及び/又はアミン等価体(H)とを原料としたメイラード反応生成物(C)、並びに、糖質(A)及び/又はレダクトン類(B)を原料としたカラメル化反応生成物(D)から選択される一方又は両方を含有する樹脂用接着剤。
- 銅系材料基材と、請求項3に記載の樹脂用接着剤の層と、樹脂基材とを、この順番で備える積層体。
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| KR1020247033168A KR20240160175A (ko) | 2022-06-28 | 2023-06-23 | 수지용 접착제 및 적층체 |
| EP23831325.8A EP4549531A1 (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2023-06-23 | Adhesive agent for resin, and layered body |
| JP2024530789A JP7774729B2 (ja) | 2022-06-28 | 2023-06-23 | 樹脂用接着剤及び積層体 |
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- 2023-06-23 KR KR1020247033168A patent/KR20240160175A/ko active Pending
- 2023-06-23 JP JP2024530789A patent/JP7774729B2/ja active Active
- 2023-06-23 EP EP23831325.8A patent/EP4549531A1/en active Pending
- 2023-06-23 CN CN202380033172.6A patent/CN119095928A/zh active Pending
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| JP7774729B2 (ja) | 2025-11-21 |
| JPWO2024004883A1 (ja) | 2024-01-04 |
| KR20240160175A (ko) | 2024-11-08 |
| EP4549531A1 (en) | 2025-05-07 |
| CN119095928A (zh) | 2024-12-06 |
| TW202406737A (zh) | 2024-02-16 |
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