WO2024090240A1 - 低シアン化水素含有量梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料 - Google Patents
低シアン化水素含有量梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/04—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/04—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs
- C12G3/06—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs with flavouring ingredients
Definitions
- the present invention relates to plum wine or plum wine-containing beverages that have a low hydrogen cyanide content and contain specific amounts of benzaldehyde and triethyl citrate, and related methods.
- Plum wine is a drink made by adding plums to alcoholic beverages such as shochu, and is classified as a liqueur under the Liquor Tax Act. Plum wine has traditionally been made at home, and in recent years, breweries have begun to produce and sell various types of plum wine.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method of producing plum wine with a low content of ethyl carbamate by heating plum fruits in a hot water bath and then immersing them in an alcoholic solution.
- Plums contain cyanogenic glycosides, which can produce hydrogen cyanide.
- umeshu and beverages containing umeshu contain hydrogen cyanide.
- Hydrogen cyanide does not have any effect on the human body at the level found in regular umeshu, but it would be preferable if the amount could be reduced.
- One way to reduce the hydrogen cyanide content is to dilute the plum wine used as the raw material.
- hydrogen cyanide is produced from cyanogenic glycosides contained in plums, and components such as glucose that are generated as by-products during the production process contribute greatly to the aged feel and rich flavor that is unique to plum wine. Therefore, when plum wine is diluted, the concentrations of these components also decrease. Therefore, plum wine and plum wine-containing beverages with a low hydrogen cyanide content tend to lack the aged feel and rich flavor that is unique to plum wine.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to improve the aged feel or rich flavor of plum wine or plum wine-containing beverages that have a low hydrogen cyanide content.
- the inventors discovered that by adjusting the contents of benzaldehyde and triethyl citrate in plum wine with a low hydrogen cyanide content or a beverage containing it to a specific range, it is possible to improve the sense of maturity or the rich, refined flavor, and thus completed the present invention.
- the present invention relates to, but is not limited to, the following: (1) Plum wine or plum wine-containing beverage having a benzaldehyde content of 4,000 ppb or more, a triethyl citrate content of 9,400 ppb or more, and a hydrogen cyanide content of less than 8 ppm, calculated as 100% alcohol. (2) The plum wine or plum wine-containing beverage according to (1), further comprising decanoic acid. (3) Plum wine or plum wine-containing beverage according to (1) or (2), characterized in that the decanoic acid content is 9,500 ppb or more.
- a method for producing plum wine or a plum wine-containing beverage in which the benzaldehyde content is 4,000 ppb or more, the triethyl citrate content is 9,400 ppb or more, and the hydrogen cyanide content is less than 8 ppm, calculated as 100% alcohol.
- a method for improving the aged feeling or fine richness of plum wine or a plum wine-containing beverage having a hydrogen cyanide content of less than 8 ppm calculated on a 100% alcohol basis comprising: The method includes a step of mixing the raw materials so that the plum wine or the plum wine-containing beverage has a benzaldehyde content of 4000 ppb or more and a triethyl citrate content of 9400 ppb or more.
- the present invention can improve the aged feeling or fine richness of plum wine or plum wine-containing beverages with a low hydrogen cyanide content.
- the term "matured feeling" as used with respect to plum wine or beverages containing it refers to the aroma and taste felt when drinking plum wine or a beverage containing plum wine, and means that while there is a complex taste composed of sourness, sweetness, aroma, etc., the overall taste is unified and there is a mellow and pleasant lingering aftertaste.
- high-quality body refers to the aroma and taste felt when drinking plum wine or a beverage containing plum wine, and means that while there is richness and complexity in the aroma and taste, they are felt in a well-balanced manner, and a rich spread and long-lasting feeling is felt in the mouth.
- the present invention is superior.
- ppm and ppb used in this specification mean ppm and ppb of weight/volume (w/v), and are synonymous with “mg/L” and “ ⁇ g/L”, respectively.
- ethanol as used herein means ethanol unless otherwise specified.
- umeshu as used in this specification refers to a beverage obtained by soaking the raw material, ume fruit such as green plums or aged plums, or parts thereof (including seeds), in a liquid containing alcohol such as shochu, and extracting the ingredients.
- plums that supplies the plum fruits is not particularly limited as long as it is one that is generally used in the production of plum wine, and examples include Nanko plum, Shirakaga plum, Ryukyo small plum, Koshu small plum, Tsuyuakane, Uguisujuku, Suiko, Kaga Jizo, Hachiro, Mineharu, Purple Queen, Kino Takara, Minabe 21, NK14, Daidai Takara, Purple Nanko, You Jack, Maezawa small plum, Kairyo Uchida, Yoshimura small plum, Shinshu Bungo, Takada plum, Shinpeitayu, Tamaorihime, Natsumidori, Fukutayu, Beni no Mai, Hanakami, Kojo, Tsuki Sekai, Umesato, and the like.
- the ripeness of the fruit is not particularly limited, and it may be immature green plum or fully ripe.
- the plum fruits or a part thereof may be immersed in a solution containing alcohol as it is, or may be processed and then used in the immersion step, for example, by crushing, cutting, heating, freezing, or drying.
- the alcohol-containing liquid used in the soaking process usually contains water as well as alcohol.
- the liquid contains distilled liquor, and therefore alcohol.
- the distilled liquor is not limited by its raw material or production method. Examples of the distilled liquor include whiskey, brandy, spirits (e.g., vodka, rum, tequila, gin, aquavit), neutral spirits, liqueurs, and shochu.
- the distilled liquor is whiskey, brandy, or neutral spirits.
- a typical soaking temperature is room temperature (around 25°C), and a typical soaking time is 1 to 12 months, for example, about 1 to 3 months.
- umeshu-containing beverage means a beverage that contains umeshu.
- a typical example of a umeshu-containing beverage is a beverage obtained by diluting umeshu with water or carbonated water.
- the content of plum wine in the plum wine-containing beverage is preferably 1 to 99 v/v%, more preferably 5 to 99 v/v%, more preferably 10 to 99 v/v%, more preferably 20 to 99%.
- the hydrogen cyanide content in the plum wine or plum wine-containing beverage of the present invention is very low, and the content is less than 8 ppm, preferably 7 ppm or less, more preferably 6 ppm or less, more preferably 5 ppm or less, more preferably 4 ppm or less, more preferably 3 ppm or less, more preferably 2 ppm or less, calculated as 100% alcohol.
- the hydrogen cyanide content in a beverage may be measured by any known method, for example, the method shown in the examples below.
- the plum wine or plum wine-containing beverage of the present invention contains specific amounts of benzaldehyde and triethyl citrate. These components can improve the aged feeling or fine richness of the plum wine or plum wine-containing beverage.
- the benzaldehyde content is 4000 ppb or more, and the triethyl citrate content is 9400 ppb or more; preferably, the benzaldehyde content is 4000-60000 ppb, and the triethyl citrate content is 9400-30000 ppb; more preferably, the benzaldehyde content is 4500 ppb-60000 ppb, and the triethyl citrate content is 9700-30000 ppb; more preferably, the benzaldehyde content is 4500 ppb-25000 ppb, and the triethyl citrate content is 9700-20000 ppb.
- the plum wine or plum wine-containing beverage of the present invention further contains 2000 ppb or more of decanoic acid.
- the content is more preferably 2000 to 90000 ppb, more preferably 4000 to 80000 ppb, more preferably 7000 to 20000 ppb, and more preferably 9500 to 15000 ppb.
- some or all of those components can be added from the outside.
- a desired component from the outside it may be added directly to the ume liquor or ume liquor-containing beverage, or a raw material such as ume juice, ume extract, or undiluted liquor that contains some or all of those components may be added to the ume liquor or ume liquor-containing beverage.
- the content of these components can be analyzed using any known method, such as GC-MS or LC-MS.
- the content can be measured by gas chromatography (GC), and an example of the measurement method is described in the examples below.
- the ume liquor or ume liquor-containing beverage of the present invention contains alcohol.
- the alcohol content of the ume liquor or ume liquor-containing beverage is preferably 1.0 to 30 v/v%, more preferably 3.0 to 25.0 v/v%, and more preferably 5.0 to 22 v/v%.
- the alcohol content can be measured by any known method, for example, by a vibration density meter. Specifically, a sample is prepared by removing the carbon dioxide gas from the beverage using filtration or ultrasound, and the sample is then distilled over an open flame. The density of the resulting distillate is measured at 15°C, and the alcohol content can be calculated by conversion using "Table 2: Conversion table of alcohol content, density (15°C) and specific gravity (15/15°C),” which is an appendix to the National Tax Agency's Specified Analysis Method (National Tax Agency Ordinance No. 6 of 2007, revised June 22, 2007).
- the plum wine or plum wine-containing beverage of the present invention can also contain additives that are typically added to beverages, such as sugars, flavorings, vitamins, colorants, antioxidants, preservatives, seasonings, acidulants, extracts, pH adjusters, quality stabilizers, and the like, so long as they do not impair the inherent unique taste of plum wine and do not impair the effects of the present invention.
- the plum wine or plum wine-containing beverage of the present invention may be provided in a container, which may be, but is not limited to, a metal container such as a can, a plastic bottle, a paper pack, a glass bottle, a pouch, or the like.
- the present invention is a method for improving the aged feeling or fine richness of plum wine or a plum wine-containing beverage having a hydrogen cyanide content of less than 8 ppm calculated as 100% alcohol.
- the method includes a step of mixing ingredients so that the benzaldehyde content in the umeshu or umeshu-containing beverage is 4,000 ppb or more and the triethyl citrate content is 9,400 ppb or more. These steps can also be applied to the manufacturing method of umeshu or umeshu-containing beverage.
- the method for adjusting the content is as described above for plum wine or plum wine-containing beverages, or is obvious from the same.
- the contents of benzaldehyde and triethyl citrate, and specific examples and amounts of other components are also as described above for plum wine or plum wine-containing beverages.
- the hydrogen cyanide content was measured as follows. An alkali was added to the sample beverage to inactivate the plum-derived hydrolytic enzyme contained in the sample, the pH was then adjusted to approximately 5.5, and steam distillation was carried out, capturing the liberated hydrogen cyanide in the alkaline solution. Next, a pyridine pyrazolone reagent was added to the resulting solution to develop color, and the concentration of hydrogen cyanide was quantified using a colorimetric method. The same procedure was followed in subsequent test examples.
- GC-MS analysis was carried out under the following conditions. The same was done in the subsequent test examples.
- Analytical equipment Agilent Technologies GCMS GC oven temperature conditions: 40°C (5 min) - 6°C/min - 240°C
- each beverage was then subjected to a sensory evaluation. Specifically, three expert panel members performed a sensory evaluation of each beverage according to the following criteria, and the average score was calculated (the average was rounded off to the nearest integer). To reduce individual differences in evaluation, each panel used a standard product corresponding to each score to establish a common understanding in advance of the relationship between each score and taste. This evaluation method was also used in other test examples, unless otherwise noted.
- Test Example 2 Effects of benzaldehyde and triethyl citrate Part 2
- a commercially available plum wine product B a low-cyan plum wine with a high fruit juice content produced by a white sake manufacturer
- the control in this experiment is called Control 2.
- the hydrogen cyanide content in Control 2 was less than 6 ppm in terms of 100% alcohol
- the benzaldehyde content was 2500 ppb
- the triethyl citrate content was 8500 ppb.
- the alcohol content of each beverage was 12-15 v/v%. The experimental results are shown below.
- Test Example 3 Effect of Decanoic Acid
- the Control 1 beverage used in Test Example 1 contained 4100 ppb of decanoic acid. Benzaldehyde and triethyl citrate were added to this to prepare a comparative beverage having a benzaldehyde content of 4000 ppb and a triethyl citrate content of 9400 ppb. Furthermore, various amounts of decanoic acid were added to the comparative beverage to prepare beverages containing decanoic acid at various contents. The alcohol content of each beverage was 12 to 25 v/v%. These beverages were subjected to the same sensory evaluation as in Test Example 1.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、シアン化水素は、梅の果実に含まれるシアン配糖体から生成されるところ、その生成過程で副生成物として生じるグルコースなどの成分は、梅酒独特の熟成感又は上質なコクに大きく貢献している。そのため、梅酒の希釈の際には、それらの成分の濃度も低下してしまう。したがって、シアン化水素含有量が低い梅酒や梅酒含有飲料では、梅酒独特の熟成感や上質なコクが不足する傾向が強い。
(1)ベンズアルデヒドの含有量が4000ppb以上であり、クエン酸トリエチルの含有量が9400ppb以上であり、そしてシアン化水素の含有量がアルコール100%換算で8ppm未満である、梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料。
(2)さらに、デカン酸を含むことを特徴とする、(1)に記載の梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料。
(3)デカン酸の含有量が9500ppb以上であることを特徴とする、(1)または(2)に記載の梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料。
(4)ベンズアルデヒドの含有量が4000ppb以上であり、クエン酸トリエチルの含有量が9400ppb以上であり、そしてシアン化水素の含有量がアルコール100%換算で8ppm未満である梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料の製造方法。
(5)シアン化水素の含有量がアルコール100%換算で8ppm未満である梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料の熟成感又は上質なコクを向上させるための方法であって、
梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料におけるベンズアルデヒドの含有量が4000ppb以上となり、そしてクエン酸トリエチルの含有量が9400ppb以上となるよう、原料を混合する工程を含む、前記方法。
本明細書における梅酒やそれを含有する飲料に関して用いられる「熟成感」とは、梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料の飲用時に感じられる香りや味に関するものであり、酸味・甘味・香りなどから構成される複雑味がありながらも、味全体がまとまり、まろやかで心地よい余韻があることを意味する。また、「上質なコク」とは、梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料の飲用時に感じられる香りや味に関するものであり、香りや味わいに濃厚さと複雑さがありながらも、それらがバランス良く感じられ、口の中で豊かな広がりと持続性が感じられることを意味する。
なお、特に断りがない限り、本明細書において用いられる「ppm」及び「ppb」は、重量/容量(w/v)のppm及びppbを意味し、それぞれ「mg/L」及び「μg/L」と同義である。
(梅酒及び梅酒含有飲料)
本明細書において用いられる「梅酒」との用語は、原料である青梅や熟成梅等の梅の果実又はその一部(種子を含む)を、焼酎などのアルコールを含む液に浸漬し、成分を抽出して得られる飲料をいう。
(アルコール100%換算シアン化水素含有量)
=(飲料サンプル中シアン化水素含有量)/(飲料サンプル中アルコール含有量(v/v%))×100
本発明の梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料は、特定量のベンズアルデヒド及びクエン酸トリエチルを含有する。これらの成分は、梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料の熟成感又は上質なコクを向上させることができる。
本発明の梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料は、アルコールを含有する。当該梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料のアルコール含有量は、好ましくは1.0~30v/v%であり、より好ましくは3.0~25.0v/v%であり、より好ましくは5.0~22v/v%である。
本発明における梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料には、他にも、梅酒が本来有する独特の味を損なわない限り、そして本発明の効果を損なわない限り、飲料に通常配合する添加剤、例えば、糖類、香料、ビタミン、色素類、酸化防止剤、保存料、調味料、酸味料、エキス類、pH調整剤、品質安定剤等を配合することができる。
本発明の梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料は、容器詰めの形態で提供してもよい。容器の形態には、缶等の金属容器、ペットボトル、紙パック、ガラス瓶、パウチなどが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
本発明は、別の側面ではシアン化水素の含有量がアルコール100%換算で8ppm未満である梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料の熟成感又は上質なコクを向上させるための方法である。
明確化のために記載すると、本明細書において下限値と上限値によって表されている数値範囲、即ち「下限値~上限値」は、それら下限値及び上限値を含む。例えば、「1~2」により表される範囲は、1及び2を含む。
(試験例1) ベンズアルデヒドとクエン酸トリエチルの効果
実験室内で製造した梅酒原酒Aを水で希釈(梅酒原酒含有量70v/v%)して、シアン化水素含有量がアルコール100%換算で0.4ppm未満であり、60ppbのベンズアルデヒドと7500ppbのクエン酸トリエチルを含有する梅酒含有飲料(コントロール1)を調製した。次いで、当該コントロールに種々の量のベンズアルデヒド、クエン酸トリエチル、またはその両方を添加して複数の飲料を得た。各飲料のアルコール含有量は、12~25v/v%であった。
・分析装置
Agilent Technologies社製GCMS
・GCオーブン温度条件
40℃(5分)-6℃/min-240℃
・カラム
DBwax 60m 内径320μm 膜厚0.25μm(Agilent J&W)
・試料前処理 なし
1点:熟成感、上質なコクがない
2点:熟成感、上質なコクがあまりない
3点:熟成感、上質なコクがやや感じられる
4点:熟成感、上質なコクが感じられる
5点:熟成感、上質なコクを強く感じられる
市販の梅酒製品B(白酒メーカーが製造している果汁含有量の多い低シアンタイプの梅酒)をコントロールとして用いたことを除いて試験例1と同様の実験を実施した(試験数はより少ないが)。この実験におけるコントロールをコントロール2と呼ぶ。コントロール2におけるシアン化水素含有量はアルコール100%換算で6ppm未満であり、ベンズアルデヒドの含有量は2500ppbであり、クエン酸トリエチルの含有量は8500ppbであった。また、各飲料のアルコール含有量は12~15v/v%であった。実験結果を以下に示す。
試験例1で用いたコントロール1の飲料は、4100ppbのデカン酸を含有していた。これにベンズアルデヒドとクエン酸トリエチルを添加して、ベンズアルデヒド含有量が4000ppbであり、クエン酸トリエチル含有量が9400ppbである比較例の飲料を作成した。さらに、比較例に対して種々の量のデカン酸を添加して、種々の含有量でデカン酸を含有する飲料を調製した。各飲料のアルコール含有量は12~25v/v%であった。それらの飲料を、試験例1と同様の官能評価に付した。
Claims (5)
- ベンズアルデヒドの含有量が4000ppb以上であり、クエン酸トリエチルの含有量が9400ppb以上であり、そしてシアン化水素の含有量がアルコール100%換算で8ppm未満である、梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料。
- さらに、デカン酸を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料。
- デカン酸の含有量が9500ppb以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料。
- ベンズアルデヒドの含有量が4000ppb以上であり、クエン酸トリエチルの含有量が9400ppb以上であり、そしてシアン化水素の含有量がアルコール100%換算で8ppm未満である梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料の製造方法。
- シアン化水素の含有量がアルコール100%換算で8ppm未満である梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料の熟成感又は上質なコクを向上させるための方法であって、
梅酒又は梅酒含有飲料におけるベンズアルデヒドの含有量が4000ppb以上となり、そしてクエン酸トリエチルの含有量が9400ppb以上となるよう、原料を混合する工程を含む、前記方法。
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015188432A (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-02 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | 蒸留梅酒 |
| JP2020191813A (ja) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | サッポロビール株式会社 | アルコール飲料、ならびにアルコール飲料における発酵感および/またはねっとりとした舌触りの向上方法 |
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2023
- 2023-10-13 CN CN202380074234.8A patent/CN120092078A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-13 WO PCT/JP2023/037188 patent/WO2024090240A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-10-24 TW TW112140543A patent/TW202432819A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015188432A (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-02 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | 蒸留梅酒 |
| JP2020191813A (ja) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | サッポロビール株式会社 | アルコール飲料、ならびにアルコール飲料における発酵感および/またはねっとりとした舌触りの向上方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| TOMOKAZU HASHIGUCHI: "Reduction of Ethyl Carbamate in Ume Liqueur by the Removal of Hydrogen Cyanide", J. BREW. SOC. JAPAN, vol. 109, no. 8, 1 January 2014 (2014-01-01), pages 613 - 617, XP093164374 * |
| TOMOKAZU HASHIGUCHI: "The Concentration of Ethyl Carbamate in Commercial Ume ( Prunus mume ) Liqueur Products and a Method of Reducing It", BIOSCIENCE, BIOTECHNOLOGY, AND BIOCHEMISTRY, JAPAN SOCIETY FOR BIOSCIENCE, BIOTECHNOLOGY, AND AGROCHEMISTRY, JP, vol. 74, no. 10, 23 October 2010 (2010-10-23), JP , pages 2060 - 2066, XP093161899, ISSN: 0916-8451, DOI: 10.1271/bbb.100364 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202432819A (zh) | 2024-08-16 |
| JP7454624B1 (ja) | 2024-03-22 |
| JP2024062820A (ja) | 2024-05-10 |
| CN120092078A (zh) | 2025-06-03 |
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