WO2024089840A1 - 銀系金属粉末及び該銀系金属粉末の製造方法 - Google Patents
銀系金属粉末及び該銀系金属粉末の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024089840A1 WO2024089840A1 PCT/JP2022/040147 JP2022040147W WO2024089840A1 WO 2024089840 A1 WO2024089840 A1 WO 2024089840A1 JP 2022040147 W JP2022040147 W JP 2022040147W WO 2024089840 A1 WO2024089840 A1 WO 2024089840A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- based metal
- less
- metal powder
- ppm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silver-based metal powder. More specifically, the silver-based metal powder can be sintered and fired stably even at low temperatures or in an atmosphere with a high dew point, and the strength and dimensional variation of the sintered body is small, so the silver-based metal powder can be suitably used as a raw material powder for powder metallurgy applications or as a raw material powder for conductive paste materials.
- Silver has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance, and is popular as a precious metal for use in various accessories, so silver-based metal powders made of silver and silver alloys have traditionally been used as raw powders for metal powder injection molding and silver clay.
- silver-based metal powders have also been increasingly used in the electronic materials field as raw powder for sintered or thermosetting conductive pastes.
- Silver is a precious metal that does not oxidize easily, and silver oxides tend to decompose easily. As a result, as long as the temperature is raised sufficiently, a reducing atmosphere is not required, and sintering can be performed even in an atmosphere with a high oxygen partial pressure, such as air, which is an excellent characteristic.
- Patent Document 1 discloses silver powder for silver clay that contains 20 ppm to 900 ppm in total of one or more of tin, lead, copper, bismuth, and iron, and states that the intentional addition of these elements improves sinterability.
- the sintering temperature of the silver powder in Patent Document 1 is 900°C, and there is no indication of stability when sintered at low temperatures or in an atmosphere with a high dew point.
- the inventors set out to solve the above problems as a technical task, and conducted extensive experiments focusing on impurity elements in silver and silver alloys. As a result, they discovered that if the silver-based metal powder contains a standard free energy of formation of oxides in a temperature range of 600°C or less that is less than the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide in the same temperature range, and the total content of impurity elements whose mixing enthalpy with silver is less than or equal to aluminum is 500 ppm or less, stable sintering and firing are possible even at low temperatures or in an atmosphere with a high dew point, and variations in the strength and dimensions of the sintered body can be suppressed, which led to the solution of the above technical tasks.
- the present invention is a silver-based metal powder, which contains an oxide whose standard free energy of formation in a temperature range of 600°C or less is equal to or less than the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide in said temperature range, and which contains an impurity element whose mixing enthalpy with silver is equal to or less than that of aluminum, in a total content of 500 ppm or less.
- the present invention also relates to the silver-based metal powder, in which the total content of the impurity rare earth elements is 100 ppm or less.
- the present invention also relates to the silver-based metal powder, in which the content of the impurity element lithium is 100 ppm or less.
- the present invention also relates to the silver-based metal powder, in which the total content of the impurity elements calcium and/or magnesium is 300 ppm or less.
- the present invention also relates to the silver-based metal powder, in which the content of the impurity element zirconium is 300 ppm or less.
- the present invention also relates to the silver-based metal powder, in which the content of silicon, an impurity element, is 300 ppm or less.
- the present invention also relates to the silver-based metal powder, in which the content of the impurity element aluminum is 300 ppm or less.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing the silver-based metal powder by atomization.
- the silver-based metal powder of the present invention has a standard free energy of formation of oxide in a temperature range of 600°C or less that is less than the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide in the same temperature range, and the total content of impurity elements whose mixing enthalpy with silver is less than that of aluminum is 500 ppm or less. This allows stable sintering and firing even at low temperatures or in an atmosphere with a high dew point, and there is little variation in the dimensions and strength of the sintered body. Therefore, this silver-based metal powder can be suitably used as a raw material powder for powder metallurgy applications or as a raw material powder for conductive paste materials.
- the present invention is a silver-based metal powder made of silver and/or a silver alloy.
- the silver-based metal powder of the present invention has a standard free energy of formation of an oxide in a temperature range of 600°C or less that is equal to or less than the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide in said temperature range, and the total content of impurity elements (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "specific impurity elements") whose mixing enthalpy with silver is equal to or less than that of aluminum is 500 ppm or less.
- Impurity elements whose standard free energy of formation of oxides in the temperature range below 600°C is equal to or less than the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide in said temperature range tend to be easily oxidized in the temperature range below 600°C, and it is believed that even trace amounts of these elements present on the surface or within the powder particles react preferentially with oxygen in the atmosphere to form oxides.
- the mixing enthalpy is a thermodynamic value that indicates the strength of the interaction between elements; the smaller the value, the easier the elements tend to bond with each other.
- impurity elements whose mixing enthalpy with silver is equal to or lower than that of aluminum have a high affinity with silver, and therefore are thought to become oxides by uniformly coating the surface of silver-based metal powder particles or dispersing uniformly within the particles, rather than separating from the silver and forming an oxide locally.
- the oxides of the specific impurity elements mentioned above have almost no effect on sintering when the sintering temperature is sufficiently high or under favorable conditions such as a reducing atmosphere or an inert atmosphere with a low dew point.
- the total content of specific impurity elements in this invention is 500 ppm or less.
- total content refers to the combined content of all specific impurity elements contained in the silver-based metal powder.
- Specific impurity elements include rare earth elements such as yttrium (Y) and neodymium (Nd), lithium (Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zirconium (Zr), silicon (Si), and aluminum (Al).
- rare earth elements such as yttrium (Y) and neodymium (Nd), lithium (Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zirconium (Zr), silicon (Si), and aluminum (Al).
- the literature value for the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide at 600° C. is ⁇ 750 (kJ/mol-O 2 ), and the literature value for the enthalpy of mixing of aluminum with silver is ⁇ 4 (kJ/mol).
- the total content of rare earth elements, which are specific impurity elements is 100 ppm or less.
- the content of lithium, a specific impurity element is preferably 100 ppm or less.
- lithium is an element that has a large effect of inhibiting stable sintering.
- the total content of the specific impurity elements calcium and/or magnesium is preferably 300 ppm or less.
- the content of the specific impurity element zirconium is preferably 300 ppm or less.
- the content of silicon, a specific impurity element, is preferably 300 ppm or less.
- the content of aluminum, a specific impurity element, is preferably 300 ppm or less.
- Specific impurity elements can be quantified by dissolving silver-based metal powder in acid to create a solution, then analyzing it using ICP atomic emission spectrometry.
- the oxide may contain an element whose standard free energy of formation in a temperature range of 600°C or less is higher than the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide in the same temperature range, or an impurity element whose mixing enthalpy with silver is higher than that of aluminum.
- Palladium (Pd) is an example of an element whose standard free energy of formation of an oxide in a temperature range of 600°C or less is higher than the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide in the same temperature range
- titanium (Ti) is an example of an element whose mixing enthalpy with silver is higher than that of aluminum
- nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe) are examples of elements whose standard free energy of formation of an oxide in a temperature range of 600°C or less is higher than the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide in the same temperature range and whose mixing enthalpy with silver is higher than that of aluminum.
- the silver-based metal powder in the present invention may contain silver-copper alloys and silver-palladium alloys, which are used as brazing materials.
- the method for producing the silver-based metal powder in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to produce it by the atomization method.
- the atomization method is relatively inexpensive and efficient, and can produce large quantities of silver-based metal powder.
- the atomization method is not limited, and may be any known method such as water atomization, gas atomization, or centrifugal atomization.
- the total content of specific impurity elements must be controlled to 500 ppm or less, so care must be taken with the silver bullion used as the raw material.
- the specific impurity elements in the present invention are basically easily oxidized, when they are melted in an atmosphere containing a certain amount of oxygen, they become oxides and can be separated and removed from the molten silver and silver alloy. Therefore, the total content of specific impurity elements in the metal before melting does not need to be 500 ppm or less.
- the average particle size of the silver-based metal powder in the present invention is not limited and may be determined as desired.
- the average particle size of silver-based metal powders used in the field of electronic materials is generally 50 ⁇ m or less, and considering the formation of fine circuit patterns, it is more preferable for the average particle size to be 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle size of silver-based metal powder can be measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device.
- the molten metals of the Examples and Comparative Examples in a molten state were allowed to fall freely, and then high-pressure water was sprayed onto them, scattering the molten metal and rapidly cooling and solidifying it, using the water atomization method to obtain each silver-based metal powder.
- the resulting silver-based metal powders were sieved through a 100 mesh sieve to remove coarse particles.
- the average particle size of each silver-based metal powder was measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device MT3000II (manufactured by Microtrack Bell Co., Ltd.).
- the "average particle size” in the present invention is a cumulative 50% particle size ( D50 size) on a volume basis.
- the content of each impurity element was measured by dissolving each of the obtained silver-based metal powders in acid to prepare a solution, and then using an ICP emission spectrometer iCAP7600 (manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd.).
- Blank cells in Tables 1 to 3 indicate levels below the detection limit of 10 ppm.
- the radial crushing strength of each sintered body was measured in accordance with JIS Z 2507 using an Autograph AG-IS 50kN (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- the silver-based metal powder of the present invention has a standard free energy of formation of oxide in a temperature range of 600°C or less that is equal to or less than the standard free energy of formation of silicon dioxide in the same temperature range, and the total content of impurity elements having a mixing enthalpy with silver equal to or less than that of aluminum is 500 ppm or less. Therefore, stable sintering and firing are possible even at low temperatures or in an atmosphere with a high dew point, and there is little variation in the strength and dimensions of the sintered body, and therefore the powder can be suitably used as a raw material powder for powder metallurgy applications or as a raw material powder for conductive paste materials. Therefore, the present invention has high industrial applicability.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
よって、溶解前の地金の状態で特定の不純物元素の総含有量が500ppm以下である必要はない。
原料の高純度銀地金(99.99%以上)を加熱して溶解した後、表1~3記載の各不純物元素を適宜投入して成分を調整した。
各銀系金属粉末の平均粒子径は、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置MT3000II(マイクロトラック・ベル株式会社製)を用いて測定した。
各不純物元素の含有量は、得られた各銀系金属粉末を酸溶解して溶液化した後、ICP発光分光分析装置iCAP7600(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック株式会社製)を用いて測定した。
実施例及び比較例の各銀系金属粉末に潤滑剤としてステアリン酸亜鉛を用いて金型潤滑を行い、圧粉体密度が7.7g/cm3となるようにΦ14-7×5mmの円筒形に成形し、露点0℃の純窒素雰囲気中、400℃で15分保持して焼結体を得た。
したがって、本発明は産業上の利用可能性の高い発明である。
Claims (8)
- 銀系金属粉末であって、前記銀系金属粉末が含有する600℃以下の温度域における酸化物の標準生成自由エネルギーが前記温度域における二酸化ケイ素の標準生成自由エネルギー以下であり、かつ、銀との混合エンタルピーがアルミニウム以下である不純物元素の総含有量が500ppm以下である銀系金属粉末。
- 前記不純物元素である希土類元素を合計した含有量が100ppm以下である請求項1に記載の銀系金属粉末。
- 前記不純物元素であるリチウムの含有量が100ppm以下である請求項1記載の銀系金属粉末。
- 前記不純物元素であるカルシウム及び/又はマグネシウムを合計した含有量が300ppm以下である請求項1に記載の銀系金属粉末。
- 前記不純物元素であるジルコニウムの含有量が300ppm以下である請求項1記載の銀系金属粉末。
- 前記不純物元素であるケイ素の含有量が300ppm以下である請求項1記載の銀系金属粉末。
- 前記不純物元素であるアルミニウムの含有量が300ppm以下である請求項1記載の銀系金属粉末。
- アトマイズ法によって製造する請求項1乃至7記載の銀系金属粉末の製造方法。
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020247004307A KR102767318B1 (ko) | 2022-10-27 | 2022-10-27 | 은계 금속 분말 및 그 은계 금속 분말의 제조 방법 |
| JP2023514796A JP7416516B1 (ja) | 2022-10-27 | 2022-10-27 | 銀系金属粉末及び該銀系金属粉末の製造方法 |
| PCT/JP2022/040147 WO2024089840A1 (ja) | 2022-10-27 | 2022-10-27 | 銀系金属粉末及び該銀系金属粉末の製造方法 |
| CN202280092075.XA CN118742403A (zh) | 2022-10-27 | 2022-10-27 | 银系金属粉末及该银系金属粉末的制造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| PCT/JP2022/040147 WO2024089840A1 (ja) | 2022-10-27 | 2022-10-27 | 銀系金属粉末及び該銀系金属粉末の製造方法 |
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| WO2024089840A1 true WO2024089840A1 (ja) | 2024-05-02 |
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| JP (1) | JP7416516B1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR102767318B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN118742403A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2024089840A1 (ja) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013189704A (ja) * | 2012-02-13 | 2013-09-26 | Dowa Electronics Materials Co Ltd | 球状銀粉およびその製造方法 |
| JP2015531432A (ja) * | 2012-08-31 | 2015-11-02 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | 銀の低温分散系合成及びそれによって製造される銀生成物 |
| JP2015533193A (ja) * | 2012-08-30 | 2015-11-19 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | 銀の無溶媒合成及びそれによって製造される銀生成物 |
| JP2019183268A (ja) * | 2018-04-11 | 2019-10-24 | Dowaエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 銀粉およびその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05156302A (ja) * | 1991-12-03 | 1993-06-22 | Fukuda Metal Foil & Powder Co Ltd | 高純度銀粉末の製造方法 |
| JP3687419B2 (ja) | 1999-06-18 | 2005-08-24 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 燒結性に優れた銀粘土用銀粉末およびこの銀粉末を含む銀粘土 |
| KR100713662B1 (ko) | 2005-10-20 | 2007-05-02 | 한국지질자원연구원 | 은 스크랩으로부터 구상 은분말 제조방법 |
| CN102873324A (zh) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-01-16 | 厦门大学 | 一种包裹型铜镍银复合粉体及其制备方法 |
| JP6158461B1 (ja) | 2015-12-25 | 2017-07-05 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 銀粉末および銀ペーストならびにその利用 |
| JP7090511B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-29 | 2022-06-24 | Dowaエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 銀粉およびその製造方法 |
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2022
- 2022-10-27 WO PCT/JP2022/040147 patent/WO2024089840A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-10-27 CN CN202280092075.XA patent/CN118742403A/zh active Pending
- 2022-10-27 JP JP2023514796A patent/JP7416516B1/ja active Active
- 2022-10-27 KR KR1020247004307A patent/KR102767318B1/ko active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013189704A (ja) * | 2012-02-13 | 2013-09-26 | Dowa Electronics Materials Co Ltd | 球状銀粉およびその製造方法 |
| JP2015533193A (ja) * | 2012-08-30 | 2015-11-19 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | 銀の無溶媒合成及びそれによって製造される銀生成物 |
| JP2015531432A (ja) * | 2012-08-31 | 2015-11-02 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | 銀の低温分散系合成及びそれによって製造される銀生成物 |
| JP2019183268A (ja) * | 2018-04-11 | 2019-10-24 | Dowaエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 銀粉およびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7416516B1 (ja) | 2024-01-17 |
| KR102767318B1 (ko) | 2025-02-12 |
| JPWO2024089840A1 (ja) | 2024-05-02 |
| KR20240060587A (ko) | 2024-05-08 |
| CN118742403A (zh) | 2024-10-01 |
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