WO2024070796A1 - ステアリング装置および作業車両 - Google Patents
ステアリング装置および作業車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024070796A1 WO2024070796A1 PCT/JP2023/033850 JP2023033850W WO2024070796A1 WO 2024070796 A1 WO2024070796 A1 WO 2024070796A1 JP 2023033850 W JP2023033850 W JP 2023033850W WO 2024070796 A1 WO2024070796 A1 WO 2024070796A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- base member
- angle
- front frame
- frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
- B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
- B62D1/12—Hand levers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/75—Arm-rests
- B60N2/763—Arm-rests adjustable
- B60N2/767—Angle adjustment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/75—Arm-rests
- B60N2/79—Adaptations for additional use of the arm-rests
- B60N2/797—Adaptations for additional use of the arm-rests for use as electrical control means, e.g. switches
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D12/00—Steering specially adapted for vehicles operating in tandem or having pivotally connected frames
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2004—Control mechanisms, e.g. control levers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/225—Control of steering, e.g. for hydraulic motors driving the vehicle tracks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/001—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
- B62D5/06—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle
- B62D5/09—Power-assisted or power-driven steering fluid, i.e. using a pressurised fluid for most or all the force required for steering a vehicle characterised by means for actuating valves
- B62D5/091—Hydraulic steer-by-wire systems, e.g. the valve being actuated by an electric motor
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a steering device and a work vehicle.
- JP Patent Publication No. 2020-26230 Patent Document 1
- JP Patent Publication No. 2020-26233 Patent Document 2
- a steering device for an articulated work vehicle in which a front frame and a rear frame are connected.
- rotation based on the rotation angle of the front frame relative to the rear frame is converted into rotation in the reverse direction by a reverse gear and transmitted to a base member.
- the objective of this disclosure is to provide a steering device and work vehicle that are easy to operate.
- the steering device of the present disclosure is a steering device for a work vehicle having a rear frame and a front frame connected to articulate with respect to the rear frame.
- the steering device includes a lever unit, a rod, a link member, and a transmission member.
- the lever unit includes a base member.
- the rod is rotatably connected to the front frame.
- the link member has a first end and a second end, is rotatably connected to the rod at the first end, and has a rotation shaft at the second end.
- the transmission member transmits a rotational force to the base member while maintaining the rotation direction of the rotation shaft when the link member rotates.
- the link member is configured to rotate around the rotation shaft in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction.
- the work vehicle of the present disclosure includes a rear frame, a front frame, a lever unit, a rod, a link member, and a transmission member.
- the front frame is connected to the rear frame so as to articulate.
- the lever unit includes a base member.
- the rod is rotatably connected to the front frame.
- the link member has a first end and a second end, is rotatably connected to the rod at the first end, and has a rotation shaft at the second end.
- the transmission member transmits a rotational force to the base member while maintaining the rotation direction of the rotation shaft when the link member rotates.
- the link member is configured to rotate around the rotation shaft in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction.
- This disclosure makes it possible to realize a steering device and work vehicle that are easy to operate.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a wheel loader as an example of a work vehicle.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration inside the cab of the wheel loader shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a steering system in the wheel loader shown in FIG. 1 .
- 11 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a transmission mechanism that transmits information about an actual body frame angle ⁇ s_real to a base member of the lever unit.
- FIG. 5A and 5B are a side view and a top view showing the configuration of the transmission mechanism shown in FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 13 is a top view showing a configuration of a modified example of the transmission mechanism.
- 2A to 2F are diagrams showing the operation of the steering device and the state of the vehicle body frame in the wheel loader shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a side view showing a state in which the lever unit is flipped up.
- a wheel loader 1 will be described as an example of a work machine.
- Fig. 1 is a side view of the wheel loader as an example of a work machine.
- Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration inside the cab of the wheel loader shown in Fig. 1.
- the wheel loader 1 comprises a vehicle frame 2, a work implement 3, a traveling device 4, and a cab 5.
- the vehicle body of the wheel loader 1 is made up of the vehicle frame 2, the cab 5, etc.
- the vehicle body of the wheel loader 1 is attached to the work implement 3 and the traveling device 4.
- the main body of the wheel loader 1 comprises the vehicle body and the traveling device 4.
- the traveling device 4 allows the body of the wheel loader 1 to travel, and includes running wheels 4a, 4b.
- the wheel loader 1 is a wheeled vehicle equipped with running wheels 4a, 4b on both the left and right sides of the body as rotating bodies for traveling.
- the wheel loader 1 is self-propelled by driving the running wheels 4a, 4b to rotate, and can perform the desired work using the work machine 3.
- the direction in which the wheel loader 1 travels straight ahead is referred to as the fore-and-aft direction of the wheel loader 1.
- the side on which the work machine 3 is arranged relative to the vehicle body frame 2 is referred to as the front direction
- the side opposite the front direction is referred to as the rear direction.
- the left-right direction of the wheel loader 1 is the direction perpendicular to the fore-and-aft direction when the wheel loader 1 is viewed in plan on a flat surface. Looking forward, the right and left sides in the left-and-right direction are the right direction and the left direction, respectively.
- the up-and-down direction of the wheel loader 1 is the direction perpendicular to the plane defined by the fore-and-aft direction and the left-and-right direction.
- the side with the ground is the bottom side
- the side with the sky is the top side.
- the vehicle body frame 2 includes a front frame 2a and a rear frame 2b.
- the front frame 2a is disposed in front of the rear frame 2b.
- the front frame 2a and the rear frame 2b are connected to each other by a connecting shaft 2c ( Figure 3) so that they can rotate (articulate) in the left-right direction.
- a pair of steering cylinders 11a, 11b are attached across the front frame 2a and the rear frame 2b.
- Each of the steering cylinders 11a, 11b is a hydraulic cylinder.
- the steering cylinders 11a, 11b are expanded and contracted by hydraulic oil from the steering pump, thereby changing the direction of travel of the wheel loader 1 to the left or right.
- the front frame 2a and rear frame 2b form an articulated body frame 2.
- the wheel loader 1 is an articulated work machine in which the front frame 2a and rear frame 2b are connected so as to be able to bend.
- a working machine 3 and a pair of running wheels (front wheels) 4a are attached to the front frame 2a.
- the working machine 3 is attached to the front of the main body of the wheel loader 1.
- the working machine 3 is supported by the body of the wheel loader 1.
- the working machine 3 includes a boom 14 and a bucket 6.
- the bucket 6 is disposed at the tip of the working machine 3.
- the bucket 6 is a working tool for excavation and loading.
- the base end of the boom 14 is rotatably attached to the front frame 2a by a boom pin 9.
- the bucket 6 is rotatably attached to the boom 14 by a bucket pin 17 located at the tip of the boom 14.
- the work machine 3 further includes a bell crank 18 and a link 15.
- the bell crank 18 is rotatably supported on the boom 14 by a support pin 18a located approximately in the center of the boom 14.
- the link 15 is connected to a connecting pin 18c provided at the tip of the bell crank 18.
- the link 15 connects the bell crank 18 to the bucket 6.
- the front frame 2a and the boom 14 are connected by a pair of boom cylinders 16.
- the boom cylinders 16 are hydraulic cylinders.
- the boom cylinders 16 rotate the boom 14 up and down around the boom pin 9.
- the base end of the boom cylinder 16 is attached to the front frame 2a.
- the tip of the boom cylinder 16 is attached to the boom 14.
- the bucket cylinder 19 connects the bell crank 18 and the front frame 2a.
- the base end of the bucket cylinder 19 is attached to the front frame 2a.
- the tip of the bucket cylinder 19 is attached to a connecting pin 18b provided at the base end of the bell crank 18.
- the bucket cylinder 19 is a hydraulic actuator that rotates the bucket 6 up and down relative to the boom 14.
- a cab 5, in which the operator sits, and a pair of running wheels (rear wheels) 4b are attached to the rear frame 2b.
- the box-shaped cab 5 is disposed behind the boom 14.
- the cab 5 is mounted on the vehicle frame 2.
- the cab 5 is mounted on the rear frame 2b.
- a driver's seat 7 where the operator of the wheel loader 1 sits is disposed inside the cab 5.
- An operating lever 41, a console box 12, and an armrest 13 are disposed to the side of the driver's seat 7.
- the operating lever 41 is, for example, an operating lever for steering operation, and is operated by the operator.
- the operating lever 41 is arranged to extend upward from the front end of the console box 12.
- the armrest 13 is a portion on which an operator seated in the driver's seat 7 rests his/her elbow.
- the armrest 13 is located behind the operating lever 41 and above the console box 12. With this arrangement, the operator seated in the driver's seat 7 can, for example, hold and operate the operating lever 41 with his/her left hand while resting his/her left elbow on the armrest 13.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the steering system in the wheel loader shown in FIG. 1.
- the steering system 10 of this embodiment has an adjustment mechanism 21, a steering device 22, a controller 23, and a vehicle speed sensor 24.
- the adjustment mechanism 21 adjusts the drive output of the steering cylinders 11a, 11b.
- the steering device 22 has an operating lever 41 and the like, and the steering rotation angle of the wheel loader 1 is input by the operator.
- the controller 23 issues instructions to the adjustment mechanism 21 to adjust the drive output of the steering cylinders 11a, 11b based on the steering rotation angle input to the steering device 22.
- the vehicle speed sensor 24 detects the vehicle speed V of the wheel loader 1 and sends it to the controller 23 as a detection signal.
- Adjustment mechanism 21 adjusts the flow rate of oil supplied to the steering cylinders 11a, 11b.
- the adjustment mechanism 21 has a hydraulic valve 31, a main pump 32, an electromagnetic pilot valve 33, and a pilot pump .
- the hydraulic valve 31 is a flow rate control valve that adjusts the flow rate of oil supplied to the steering cylinders 11a, 11b according to the input pilot pressure.
- a spool valve is used as the hydraulic valve 31.
- the main pump 32 supplies hydraulic oil to the hydraulic valve 31 to operate the steering cylinders 11a, 11b.
- the hydraulic valve 31 has a valve body (not shown) that can be moved to a left steering position, a neutral position, and a right steering position.
- a valve body (not shown) that can be moved to a left steering position, a neutral position, and a right steering position.
- the actual vehicle body frame angle ⁇ s_real is 0 (zero)° when the wheel loader 1 moves straight ahead, a positive value when moving to the right, and a negative value when moving to the left.
- the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 is a flow control valve that adjusts the flow rate or pressure of the pilot oil supplied to the hydraulic valve 31 in response to commands from the controller 23.
- the pilot pump 34 supplies hydraulic oil to the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 to operate the hydraulic valve 31.
- the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 is, for example, a spool valve, and is controlled in response to commands from the controller 23.
- the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 has a valve body (not shown) that can be moved to a left pilot position, a neutral position, and a right pilot position.
- the hydraulic valve 31 When the valve body of the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 is located in the left pilot position, the hydraulic valve 31 is in the left steering position.
- the hydraulic valve 31 When the valve body of the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 is located in the right pilot position, the hydraulic valve 31 is in the right steering position.
- the hydraulic valve 31 is in the neutral position.
- the pilot pressure or pilot flow rate from the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 is controlled in response to a command from the controller 23, thereby controlling the hydraulic valve 31 and controlling the steering cylinders 11a, 11b.
- Controller 23 the controller 23 has a processor, a memory, etc. (not shown). The following processes are performed using the processor.
- the controller 23 receives the detection value ⁇ i_detect of the lever angle sensor 46, the detection value ⁇ s_detect of the vehicle frame angle sensor 47, and the vehicle speed V_detect detected by the vehicle speed sensor 24.
- the controller 23 outputs the electromagnetic pilot valve control current output i based on these values and controls the electromagnetic pilot valve 33.
- the controller 23 determines the electromagnetic pilot valve control current output i based on the detected lever angle detection value ⁇ i_detect, the detected vehicle body frame angle detection value ⁇ s_detect, and the detection signal V_detect by the vehicle speed sensor 24.
- the controller 23 issues a command to the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 based on the determined electromagnetic pilot valve control current output i.
- the steering device 22 has a lever unit 25 , a transmission mechanism 45 , a lever angle sensor 46 , and a body frame angle sensor 47 .
- the lever unit 25 has an operating lever 41 , a support portion 42 , a base member 43 , a biasing member 44 , and a restricting portion 48 .
- the support portion 42 is fixed to the frame 12f of the console box 12.
- the support portion 42 may be part of the frame of the console box 12.
- the base member 43 is rotatably supported by the support portion 42.
- the base member 43 has an axis 43a.
- the axis 43a is rotatably supported by the support portion 42. This allows the base member 43 to rotate relative to the support portion 42 around the axis 43a.
- the base member 43 can also be configured to be rotatable relative to the support portion 42 by a configuration in which the support portion 42 has an axis, a through hole is formed in the base member 43, and the axis of the support portion 42 passes through the through hole of the base member 43.
- the operating lever 41 is arranged to be rotatable relative to the base member 43 or the support part 42.
- the operating lever 41 is configured to be rotatable relative to the base member 43, for example, by forming a through hole at its base end and inserting the shaft 43a into the through hole.
- the support part 42 has a shaft, and the shaft is inserted into the through hole at the base end of the operating lever 41, so that the operating lever 41 can be configured to be rotatable relative to the support part 42.
- the biasing member 44 is, for example, a spring member, and is interposed between the operating lever 41 and the base member 43.
- the biasing member 44 biases the operating lever 41 to the base reference position 43b relative to the base member 43.
- the operating lever 41 exerts a reaction force both when it is rotated rightward from the base reference position 43b and when it is rotated leftward from the base reference position 43b.
- the operating lever 41 is positioned at the base reference position 43b by the biasing forces from the left and right rotation directions.
- the regulating portion 48 is provided on the base member 43.
- the regulating portion 48 has contact portions 481, 482.
- the contact portions 481, 482 regulate the rotation range of the operating lever 41 relative to the base member 43 within a predetermined angle range.
- the state in which the longitudinal direction of the operating lever 41 is disposed at the base reference position 43b is regarded as a state in which the rotation angle of the operating lever 41 relative to the base member 43 is zero.
- the rotation angle of the operating lever 41 relative to the base member 43 is expressed as a plus.
- the rotation angle of the operating lever 41 relative to the base member 43 is expressed as a minus.
- the actual relative angle of the operating lever 41 relative to the base member 43 is indicated by ⁇ r_real.
- the operating lever 41 is set to be rotatable within the angle range of ⁇ 1' to ⁇ 1 relative to the base member 43.
- the specified angles ⁇ 1' and ⁇ 1 are set to, for example, -10 degrees and 10 degrees.
- the absolute value of the specified angle ⁇ 1 and the absolute value of the specified angle ⁇ 1' may be the same value or may be different.
- the operating lever 41 is also regulated by the support part 42 in addition to the base member 43.
- the support part 42 has an abutment part 49 against which the operating lever 41 abuts.
- the abutment part 49 has a right abutment part 491 and a left abutment part 492.
- the support part 42 regulates the base member 43 within a predetermined angle range of ⁇ 2' (negative value) to ⁇ 2 (positive value) relative to the support reference position 42b.
- the values of the predetermined angles ⁇ 2' and ⁇ 2 are set to, for example, -20 degrees and 20 degrees.
- the absolute value of the predetermined angle ⁇ 2 and the absolute value of the predetermined angle ⁇ 2' may be the same value or may be different.
- the front frame 2a and the base member 43 are connected by a transmission mechanism 45.
- information on the actual vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real which is the rotation angle of the front frame 2a relative to the rear frame 2b, is mechanically input to the base member 43 via the transmission mechanism 45.
- the rotation angle based on the actual vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real is transmitted to the base member 43.
- the lever angle sensor 46 is configured by, for example, a potentiometer.
- the lever angle sensor 46 detects an actual lever angle ⁇ i_real of the operating lever 41 with respect to the support portion 42 as a detected value ⁇ i_detect of the lever angle.
- the actual body frame angle ⁇ s_real is controlled by the adjustment mechanism 21 to be 0°.
- the front frame 2a is positioned along the fore-and-aft direction relative to the rear frame 2b.
- the rotation angle of the operating lever 41 relative to the support part 42 is zero.
- the rotation angle of the operating lever 41 relative to the support part 42 is expressed as a positive value.
- the rotation angle of the operating lever 41 relative to the support part 42 is expressed as a negative value.
- Controller 23 performs control so that the actual vehicle body frame angle ⁇ s_real corresponds to the actual lever angle ⁇ i_real from the support reference position 42b of the operating lever 41.
- the actual base angle of the base member 43 with respect to the support part 42 is set to ⁇ b_real.
- the actual base angle ⁇ b_real corresponds to the rotation angle of the base reference position 43b of the base member 43 from the support reference position 42b.
- the rotation angle of the base member 43 relative to the support part 42 is zero.
- the rotation angle of the base member 43 relative to the support part 42 is expressed as a positive value.
- the rotation angle of the base member 43 relative to the support part 42 is expressed as a negative value.
- the vehicle frame angle sensor 47 detects the actual vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real as a detection value ⁇ s_detect of the vehicle frame angle.
- the vehicle frame angle sensor 47 is disposed near the connecting shaft 2c disposed between the steering cylinders 11a, 11b or on a base member shaft 45n of a base member 43 included in a transmission mechanism 45 described later.
- the vehicle frame angle sensor 47 is formed of, for example, a potentiometer.
- the vehicle frame angle sensor 47 sends the detected detection value ⁇ s_detect of the vehicle frame angle to the controller 23 as a detection signal.
- each of the steering cylinders 11a, 11b may be provided with a cylinder stroke sensor that detects the stroke of the cylinder.
- the detection values of these cylinder stroke sensors may be sent to the controller 23 to detect the detection value ⁇ s_detect of the vehicle frame angle.
- vehicle body frame angle ⁇ s_real and the base angle ⁇ b_real which is the rotation angle of the base member 43 relative to the support part 42, are in a corresponding positional relationship due to the transmission mechanism 45 described later.
- a vehicle body frame angle sensor 47 may be provided on the shaft 43a of the base member 43. This is because the vehicle body frame angle can be detected by detecting the rotation angle of the base member 43 relative to the support part 42.
- Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a transmission mechanism that transmits information on the actual body frame angle ⁇ s_real to a base member of a lever unit.
- Fig. 5 is a side view (A) and a top view (B) showing the configuration of the transmission mechanism shown in Fig. 4.
- the transmission mechanism 45 transmits information about the actual vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real to the base member 43, and rotates the base member 43 to a position corresponding to the actual vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real.
- the transmission mechanism 45 is a mechanism that includes a link.
- the transmission mechanism 45 has a rotating shaft 45b, a rod 45c, a connecting portion 45d, a link member 45e, a rotating shaft 45f, and a transmission member TM.
- a bracket 45a is attached to the front frame 2a, for example with a bolt.
- the bracket 45a is fixed in position relative to the front frame 2a.
- the bracket 45a rises upward from the top surface of the front frame 2a.
- the rod 45c is a push-pull rod.
- the rod 45c is connected to the bracket 45a via the rotation shaft 45b. This allows the rod 45c to be rotatably connected to the bracket 45a.
- the rotation shaft 45b extends, for example, in the vertical direction. This allows the rod 45c to rotate, for example, in the front-to-back and left-to-right planes relative to the front frame 2a.
- the link member 45e is made of, for example, a flat plate.
- the link member 45e has a first end 45e1 and a second end 45e2 that face each other in the longitudinal direction.
- the link member 45e is connected to the rod 45c at the first end 45e1 via a connecting part 45d.
- the connecting part 45d is made of, for example, a ball joint. This allows the link member 45e to rotate with respect to the rod 45c.
- the link member 45e has a rotating shaft 45f at the second end 45e2.
- the rotating shaft 45f extends upward from the link member 45e.
- the rotating shaft 45f is attached and fixed to the link member 45e, and its position is fixed relative to the link member 45e. Therefore, when the link member 45e rotates, the rotating shaft 45f also rotates together with the link member 45e.
- the transmission member TM transmits the rotational force to the base member 43 (Fig. 3) while maintaining the rotational direction of the rotation shaft 45f when the link member 45e rotates.
- the transmission member TM has a first shaft 45h, a rotating part 45j, a second shaft 45l, a base member shaft 45n, and universal joints 45g, 45i, 45k, and 45m.
- the first shaft 45h is connected to the second end 45e2 of the link member 45e via a rotating shaft 45f and a universal joint 45g.
- the universal joint 45g is connected between the rotating shaft 45f and the first shaft 45h. This allows the first shaft 45h to rotate together with the rotating shaft 45f, and the joint angle between the first shaft 45h and the rotating shaft 45f is changeable.
- the first shaft 45h has, for example, a telescopic structure. This allows the first shaft 45h to extend and retract in the axial direction.
- the rotating part 45j is connected to the first shaft 45h via a universal joint 45i. This allows the rotating part 45j to rotate together with the first shaft 45h, and the joint angle between the rotating part 45j and the first shaft 45h can be changed.
- the second shaft 45l is connected to the rotating part 45j via a universal joint 45k. This allows the second shaft 45l to rotate together with the rotating part 45j, and the joint angle between the rotating part 45j and the second shaft 45l is variable.
- the second shaft 45l has, for example, a telescopic structure. This allows the second shaft 45l to expand and contract in the axial direction.
- the base member shaft 45n is connected to the second shaft 45l via a universal joint 45m. This allows the base member shaft 45n to rotate together with the second shaft 45l, and the joint angle between the second shaft 45l and the base member shaft 45n is variable.
- the base member shaft 45n is fixed to the base member 43. This allows the base member 43 to rotate together with the base member shaft 45n.
- the transmission mechanism 45 has a portion disposed outside the cab 5 and a portion disposed inside the cab 5.
- the rotating shaft 45b, rod 45c, connecting portion 45d, and link member 45e of the transmission mechanism 45 are disposed outside the cab 5 and below the cab 5.
- the rotating shaft 45f is disposed both inside and outside the cab 5.
- the rotating shaft 45f is inserted into a through hole in the floor 5F of the cab 5.
- the rotating shaft 45f is attached to the floor 5F of the cab 5 via a bearing. This allows the rotating shaft 45f to rotate relative to the floor 5F of the cab 5.
- the transmission member TM of the transmission mechanism 45 is disposed inside the cab 5.
- the universal joint 45g of the transmission mechanism 45 is connected to the end (upper end) of the rotating shaft 45f located inside the cab 5.
- the universal joint 45k, second shaft 45l, universal joint 45m, and base member shaft 45n of the transmission mechanism 45 are disposed inside the console box 12.
- the console box 12 can rotate around axis BC. This allows the console box 12 to rotate between an operating state in which the operator operates the operating lever and a flipped-up state in which the console box is flipped up.
- the first direction in which the front frame 2a rotates relative to the rear frame 2b due to articulation is opposite to the second direction in which the link member 45e rotates around the rotation axis 45f.
- the link member 45e rotates clockwise R3 around the rotation axis 45f.
- the link member 45e rotates counterclockwise R4 around the rotation axis 45f.
- the rotation shaft 45f is located on the opposite side of the rod 45c to the articulation center AC of the rear frame 2b and the front frame 2a.
- the articulation center AC means the axial center of the connecting shaft 2c.
- the rotation shaft 45f is located on the left side of the rod 45c (lower side in FIG. 5(B)), and the articulation center AC is located on the right side of the rod 45c (upper side in FIG. 5(B)).
- the distance LB from the connection 45d between the rod 45c and the link member 45e to the rotation axis 45f is greater than the distance LA from the articulation center AC to the connection (rotation axis 45b) between the rod 45c and the front frame 2a (bracket 45a).
- bracket 45a is positioned to the left of the articulation center AC in top view, but as shown in FIG. 6, the bracket 45a may be positioned to the right of the articulation center AC in top view.
- the rotation axis 45f is located to the right of the rod 45c (upper side in FIG. 6)
- the articulation center AC is located to the left of the rod 45c (lower side in FIG. 6).
- the transmission member TM transmits the rotational force to the base member 43 (Fig. 3) while maintaining the rotational direction of the rotation shaft 45f when the link member 45e rotates.
- the "rotational direction” refers to the rotational direction when viewed from the end of the rotating member to which the rotational force is transmitted (transmission destination) to the end from which the rotational force is transmitted (transmission source).
- top view refers to a viewpoint looking downward from above the wheel loader 1.
- front view refers to a viewpoint looking backward from the front of the wheel loader 1.
- Figures 7(A) to 7(F) show the operation of the steering device and the state of the vehicle frame.
- the base reference position 43b of the base member 43 coincides with the support reference position 42b of the support portion 42.
- the longitudinal direction of the operating lever 41 also coincides with the support reference position 42b.
- the operator applies an operating force to rotate the operating lever 41, for example, to the right from the support reference position 42b.
- this operating force exceeds the initial biasing force of the biasing member 44, as shown in FIG. 7(B)
- the operating lever 41 rotates to the right and the actual lever angle ⁇ i_real increases. Note that as the operating lever 41 is moved to the right, the relative angle ⁇ r_real with the base member 43 increases, and therefore the reaction force applied to the operating lever 41 by the biasing member 44 increases.
- the lever angle sensor 46 (Fig. 3) detects the actual lever angle ⁇ i_real of the control lever 41 operated by the operator as the detected lever angle value ⁇ i_detect.
- the vehicle frame angle sensor 47 (Fig. 3) detects the actual vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real as the detected vehicle frame angle value ⁇ s_detect.
- the actual vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real is zero. Therefore, the detection value ⁇ s_detect of the vehicle frame angle detected by the vehicle frame angle sensor 47 is zero. Since the actual vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real is almost zero, the base member 43 is not rotating either. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7B, when the operating lever 41 is rotated to the right, the operating lever 41 is rotated to the right with respect to the base reference position 43b of the base member 43. In addition, the operating lever 41 is urged by the urging member 44 to return to the base reference position 43b (which can also be said to be the support reference position 42b in the state of FIG. 7B).
- the controller 23 determines the electromagnetic pilot valve control current output i based on the detected lever angle detection value ⁇ i_detect, the detected vehicle body frame angle detection value ⁇ s_detect, and the detection signal V_detect by the vehicle speed sensor 24.
- the controller 23 issues a command to the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 based on the determined electromagnetic pilot valve control current output i.
- the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 By rotating the operating lever 41 to the right, the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 takes the right pilot position, and pilot pressure controlled by the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 is supplied to the hydraulic valve 31. With the supply of pilot pressure, the hydraulic valve 31 takes the right steering position, and main hydraulic pressure is supplied to the steering cylinders 11a and 11b so as to extend the steering cylinder 11a and contract the steering cylinder 11b.
- the actual vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real gradually increases, and the front frame 2a rotates to the right relative to the rear frame 2b. This change in the actual vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real is reflected in the angle of the base member 43 via the transmission mechanism 45.
- the angle of the base member 43 also rotates to a position corresponding to the vehicle frame angle ⁇ s_real.
- the deviation angle ⁇ r_real between the actual lever angle ⁇ i_real and the actual base angle ⁇ b_real becomes smaller, and the biasing force of the biasing member 44 becomes smaller.
- the control lever 41 is rotated left so that the control lever 41 is positioned at the support reference position 42b.
- the positional relationship between the operating lever 41 and the base member 43 is the same as that shown in FIG. 7(A). Therefore, when the operating lever 41 is moved, the reaction force at the start of movement is the same as the reaction force at the start of movement from the initial position.
- the reaction force applied to the operation is determined according to the state of the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 (middle position, right pilot position, left pilot position) regardless of the position of the operating lever 41.
- the electromagnetic pilot valve 33 takes the left pilot position, pilot pressure is supplied to the hydraulic valve 31, and the hydraulic valve 31 takes the left steering position. As a result, hydraulic pressure is supplied so that the steering cylinder 11b extends and the steering cylinder 11a contracts.
- the direction in which the front frame 2a rotates relative to the rear frame 2b by articulation is opposite to the direction in which the link member 45e rotates around the rotation shaft 45f.
- the transmission member TM transmits rotational force to the base member 43 while maintaining the rotation direction of the rotation shaft 45f. This makes it possible to rotate the base member 43 around the shaft 43a in the same direction as the rotation direction of the front frame 2a without using a reversing gear to reverse the rotation direction. This prevents the play in the neutral position of the operating lever from becoming large due to backlash caused by the reversing gear, making it easier to operate the wheel loader 1.
- the reverse gear is large and heavy. For this reason, if a reverse gear is provided, storing the reverse gear would increase the size and weight of the console box 12, making it difficult to lift up the console box 12 as shown in Figure 8. However, in this embodiment, the reverse gear is not necessary, so lifting up the console box 12 is easy.
- the rotation axis 45f is located on the opposite side of the articulation center AC with respect to the rod 45c in top view.
- the front frame 2a rotates left and right by approximately 40 degrees relative to the rear frame 2b. If the base member 43 were to rotate left and right by approximately 40 degrees in the same way as the front frame 2a, it would exceed the torsional range that is comfortable for the human hand.
- the distance LB from the connection 45d between the rod 45c and the link member 45e to the rotation axis 45f is set to be greater than the distance LA from the articulation center AC to the connection 45d between the rod 45c and the front frame 2a.
- This makes it possible to adjust the link ratio without providing a separate gear for adjusting the link ratio.
- This allows the rotation angle of the base member 43 to be smaller than the rotation angle of the front frame 2a, allowing the operator to comfortably operate the operating lever 41.
- the first shaft 45h and the second shaft 45l are each extendable.
- the first shaft 45h and the rotating part 45j in the transmission member TM are connected by universal joints 45i, 45k
- the second shaft 45l and the rotating part 45j are connected by universal joints 45i, 45k.
- the rotation center BC of the console box 12 when the console box 12 is lifted up is located near the rotation part 45j and the universal joints 45i and 45k. Therefore, when the first shaft 45h and the second shaft 45l have a telescopic structure, the change in length of the first shaft 45h and the second shaft 45l can be kept within a certain range.
- the first shaft 45h and the rotating shaft 45f, and the second shaft 45l and the base member 43 are connected by universal joints 45g and 45m, respectively. This makes it possible to transmit a rotational force to the base member 43 while maintaining the rotational direction.
- the first shaft 45h and the second shaft 45l are each extendable, so that the movement of the seat suspension of the driver's seat 7 can be absorbed. Also, because the first shaft 45h and the second shaft 45l are each extendable, the console box 12 can be adjusted to slide in the front-rear direction.
- Each of the first shaft 45h and the second shaft 45l may have a pantograph-type rotation transmission mechanism instead of a telescopic mechanism.
- connection portion 45d is, for example, a ball joint. Therefore, even if the cab 5, which is semi-fixed to the vehicle frame 2 by a viscous mount, moves slightly, the vibration of the cab 5 can be absorbed.
- the rear end of the second shaft 45l is connected to the first shaft 45h via universal joints 45i, 45k, etc., and the front end is connected to the base member 43 via universal joint 45m, etc.
- This allows the console box 12 to be lifted up starting from the rear end side of the second shaft 45l. This ensures a wide passage in front of the driver's seat 7, making it easier to pass through.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
- Steering Controls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
明細書および図面において、同一の構成要素または対応する構成要素には、同一の符号を付し、重複する説明を繰り返さない。また、図面では、説明の便宜上、構成を省略または簡略化している場合もある。また、実施の形態と変形例との少なくとも一部は、互いに任意に組み合わされてもよい。
実施形態においては、作業機械の一例としてホイールローダ1について説明する。図1は、作業機械の一例としてのホイールローダの側面図である。図2は、図1に示すホイールローダにおけるキャブ内の構成を示す図である。
次に、図1に示すホイールローダにおけるステアリングシステム10について図3を用いて説明する。
図3に示されるように、調整機構21は、ステアリングシリンダ11a、11bに供給する油の流量を調整する。調整機構21は、油圧バルブ31と、メインポンプ32と、電磁パイロットバルブ33と、パイロットポンプ34とを有している。
図3に示されるように、コントローラ23は、プロセッサおよびメモリなど(図示せず)を有している。以下の処理などは、プロセッサを用いて行われる。
図3に示されるように、ステアリング装置22は、レバーユニット25と、伝達機構45と、レバー角度センサ46と、車体フレーム角度センサ47とを有している。
レバーユニット25は、操作レバー41と、支持部42と、ベース部材43と、付勢部材44と、規制部48とを有している。
レバー角度センサ46は、たとえばポテンショメータによって構成されている。レバー角度センサ46は、支持部42に対する操作レバー41の実際のレバー角度θi_realをレバー角度の検出値θi_detectとして検出する。
車体フレーム角度センサ47は、実際の車体フレーム角度θs_realを車体フレーム角度の検出値θs_detectとして検出する。車体フレーム角度センサ47は、ステアリングシリンダ11a、11bの間に配置されている連結軸2cの近傍または後述する伝達機構45に含まれるベース部材43のベース部材用軸45nに配置されている。車体フレーム角度センサ47は、たとえばポテンショメータによって構成されている。車体フレーム角度センサ47は、検出した車体フレーム角度の検出値θs_detectを検出信号としてコントローラ23に送る。
図4は、実際の車体フレーム角度θs_realの情報をレバーユニットのベース部材へ伝達する伝達機構の構成を示す斜視図である。図5は、図4に示す伝達機構の構成を示す側面図(A)および上面図(B)である。
次に、本実施の形態のホイールローダ1の制御動作について説明する。
<効果>
次に、本実施形態の効果について説明する。
Claims (6)
- リアフレームと、前記リアフレームに対してアーティキュレートするように接続されたフロントフレームとを有する作業車両のステアリング装置であって、
ベース部材を含むレバーユニットと、
前記フロントフレームに回動可能に接続されたロッドと、
第1端部と第2端部とを有し、前記第1端部において前記ロッドに回動可能に接続され、前記第2端部において回転軸を有するリンク部材と、
前記リンク部材の回転時における前記回転軸の回転方向を維持しながら前記ベース部材に回転力を伝達する伝達部材と、を備え、
上面視において、前記フロントフレームが前記リアフレームに対してアーティキュレートにより第1方向に回転する場合、前記リンク部材は前記回転軸を中心として前記第1方向と逆方向である第2方向に回転するよう構成されている、ステアリング装置。 - 上面視において、前記回転軸は、前記ロッドに対して、前記リアフレームと前記フロントフレームとのアーティキュレート中心の反対側に位置している、請求項1に記載のステアリング装置。
- 上面視において、前記ロッドと前記リンク部材との接続部から前記回転軸までの距離は、前記リアフレームと前記フロントフレームとのアーティキュレート中心から前記ロッドと前記フロントフレームとの接続部までの距離よりも大きい、請求項1に記載のステアリング装置。
- 前記伝達部材は、第1軸と、回動部と、第2軸とを有し、
前記第1軸および前記第2軸は伸縮可能であり、
前記第1軸と前記回動部との間は第1自在継手により接続され、前記第2軸と前記回動部との間は第2自在継手により接続されている、請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載のステアリング装置。 - 前記第1軸と前記回転軸との間は第3自在継手により接続され、前記第2軸と前記ベース部材との間は第4自在継手により接続されている、請求項4に記載のステアリング装置。
- リアフレームと、
前記リアフレームに対してアーティキュレートするように接続されたフロントフレームと、
ベース部材を含むレバーユニットと、
前記フロントフレームに回動可能に接続されたロッドと、
第1端部と第2端部とを有し、前記第1端部において前記ロッドに回動可能に接続され、前記第2端部において回転軸を有するリンク部材と、
前記リンク部材の回転時における前記回転軸の回転方向を維持しながら前記ベース部材に回転力を伝達する伝達部材と、を備え、
上面視において、前記フロントフレームが前記リアフレームに対してアーティキュレートにより第1方向に回転する場合、前記リンク部材は前記回転軸を中心として前記第1方向と逆方向である第2方向に回転するよう構成されている、作業車両。
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23872024.7A EP4566915A1 (en) | 2022-09-29 | 2023-09-19 | Steering device and work vehicle |
| CN202380064717.XA CN119768325A (zh) | 2022-09-29 | 2023-09-19 | 转向装置及作业车辆 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022156373A JP2024049877A (ja) | 2022-09-29 | 2022-09-29 | ステアリング装置および作業車両 |
| JP2022-156373 | 2022-09-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024070796A1 true WO2024070796A1 (ja) | 2024-04-04 |
Family
ID=90477516
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2023/033850 Ceased WO2024070796A1 (ja) | 2022-09-29 | 2023-09-19 | ステアリング装置および作業車両 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4566915A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2024049877A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN119768325A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2024070796A1 (ja) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017209058A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-12-07 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 作業車両および作業車両の制御方法 |
| JP2020026233A (ja) | 2018-08-13 | 2020-02-20 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 作業車両 |
| JP2020026230A (ja) | 2018-08-13 | 2020-02-20 | 株式会社小松製作所 | ステアリング装置、ステアリングシステム、および作業車両 |
-
2022
- 2022-09-29 JP JP2022156373A patent/JP2024049877A/ja active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-09-19 WO PCT/JP2023/033850 patent/WO2024070796A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-09-19 CN CN202380064717.XA patent/CN119768325A/zh active Pending
- 2023-09-19 EP EP23872024.7A patent/EP4566915A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017209058A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-12-07 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 作業車両および作業車両の制御方法 |
| JP2020026233A (ja) | 2018-08-13 | 2020-02-20 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 作業車両 |
| JP2020026230A (ja) | 2018-08-13 | 2020-02-20 | 株式会社小松製作所 | ステアリング装置、ステアリングシステム、および作業車両 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2024049877A (ja) | 2024-04-10 |
| CN119768325A (zh) | 2025-04-04 |
| EP4566915A1 (en) | 2025-06-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP7727427B2 (ja) | 作業機械、及び作業機械を制御するための方法 | |
| JP5388461B2 (ja) | ステアリング操作装置 | |
| US10865543B2 (en) | Work vehicle | |
| US12024861B2 (en) | Work vehicle | |
| JP7182947B2 (ja) | ステアリング装置、ステアリングシステム、および作業車両 | |
| JP7212460B2 (ja) | 作業車両 | |
| WO2024070796A1 (ja) | ステアリング装置および作業車両 | |
| WO2024070797A1 (ja) | ステアリング装置および作業車両 | |
| JP7402724B2 (ja) | ステアリング装置、および作業機械 | |
| JP7705291B2 (ja) | 作業機械、及び、作業機械を制御するための方法 | |
| JP7609727B2 (ja) | 作業機械、及び、作業機械を制御するための方法 | |
| JP7734020B2 (ja) | 作業機械、及び、作業機械を制御するための方法 | |
| CN111433108A (zh) | 作业车辆 | |
| JP2023173747A (ja) | 遠隔操縦装置および車両 | |
| WO2024232167A1 (ja) | 作業機械、及び作業機械を制御するための方法 | |
| WO2023238504A1 (ja) | 作業機械、作業機械を制御するための方法、及びシステム | |
| WO2023112560A1 (ja) | 作業機械、作業機械を制御するための方法、及びシステム |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 23872024 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2023872024 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202380064717.X Country of ref document: CN |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2023872024 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20250306 |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 202380064717.X Country of ref document: CN |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2023872024 Country of ref document: EP |