WO2024048564A1 - 活物質、再生活物質の製造方法、並びに電池から回収された有価元素の追跡調査方法及び追跡調査用化合物 - Google Patents
活物質、再生活物質の製造方法、並びに電池から回収された有価元素の追跡調査方法及び追跡調査用化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B47/00—Obtaining manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/15—Electronic waste
- B09B2101/16—Batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to active materials.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing recycled materials.
- the present invention relates to a method for tracking valuable elements recovered from batteries and a compound for tracking.
- lithium-ion batteries generally contain valuable elements such as nickel, cobalt, and lithium, and from the perspective of effective resource utilization and reducing environmental impact, recovery and reuse of valuable elements is being considered. There is.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method for recovering lithium from lithium ion battery waste.
- Patent Document 2 leaching and neutralization separation are attempted as means for recovering lithium from roasted scraps of lithium ion batteries.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a method of lowering the quality of copper and carbon derived from the negative electrode contained in the recovered material when recovering cobalt and nickel contained in batteries.
- an object of the present invention is to improve the tracking or traceability of valuable elements recovered from batteries.
- the present invention provides an active material comprising at least one element M selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium, and an element X different from the element M, Element Metals from Groups 1 to 3, Groups 7 to 13, and Groups 15 to 17; metals from Groups 1 to 3 and Groups 7 to 17;
- the present invention provides an active material that is at least one element selected from Group 1 to Group 17 metals in seven periods.
- the present invention uses element M recovered from a battery having active material a containing at least one element M selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium as a raw material, and uses the same or different type of active material a as a raw material.
- a method for producing a recycled material for producing active material b comprising: As the active material a, metals of Groups 2 and 15 in the second period of the periodic table, metals of Groups 3, 11, and 13 to 16 in the fourth period, and metals of Groups 13 to 16 in the fifth period.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a recycled material using a material that further contains at least one element X selected from Group 1 to Group 17 metals in the seventh period.
- the present invention uses element M recovered from a battery having active material a containing at least one element M selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium as a raw material, and uses the same or different type of active material a as a raw material.
- active material b As active material a, metals belonging to groups 2 and 15 in the second period of the periodic table, and metals belonging to groups 3, 11, and 13 to 16 in the fourth period of the periodic table are used. metals of Groups 1 to 3, Groups 7 to 13, and Groups 15 to 17 in the fifth period, and metals of Groups 1 to 3 and Group 7 in the sixth period.
- the type of element X contained in active material b and the type of element X contained in active material b are used.
- the present invention provides a method for tracking a valuable element recovered from a battery, in which element M recovered from a battery containing active material b is tracked based on/or amount.
- the present invention uses element M recovered from a battery having active material a containing at least one element M selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium as a raw material, and uses the same or different type of active material a as a raw material.
- active material b use as active material a a material that further contains element
- a method for tracing valuable elements recovered from a battery in which element M recovered from a battery containing active material b is traced based on the type and/or amount of element X contained in active material b. It is something to do.
- the present invention uses an element M recovered from a battery having an active material a containing at least one element M selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium as a raw material, and uses the same or different type of active material a as a raw material.
- the tracking compounds include metals from Groups 2 and 15 in the second period of the periodic table, metals from Groups 3, 11, and 13 to 16 in the fourth period, and metals from Groups 13 to 16 in the fourth period.
- the present invention provides a compound for tracking valuable elements recovered from batteries, which contains at least one element X selected from the group 1 to group 17 metals in the seventh period.
- the present invention uses an element M recovered from a battery having an active material a containing at least one element M selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium as a raw material, and uses the same or different type of active material a as a raw material.
- the compound for follow-up investigation is a valuable element recovered from a battery that is not contained in the natural mineral that is the raw material of element M and contains element X that does not participate in the battery reaction of the battery containing active material b. It provides a follow-up compound.
- the present invention relates to active materials for batteries.
- This active material allows tracking of valuable elements contained in the active material or has high traceability.
- tracking refers to specifying where an active material containing a valuable element is currently located and where it has existed in the past, in other words, tracking the status of an active material containing a valuable element.
- traceability refers to clarifying the route of an active material containing a valuable element from production to distribution to its destination.
- the valuable element contained in the active material refers to at least one element M selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium.
- These elements are part of a group of elements called rare metals, and are widely used as constituent materials for batteries.
- rare metals are ⁇ metals that are rare on earth or are difficult to extract for technical or economic reasons'' for which industrial demand currently exists (and is expected to occur in the future). ), it is defined as something for which ensuring stable supply is important from a policy perspective.
- the type of active material containing element M which is a valuable element
- both positive electrode active materials and negative electrode active materials can be used.
- the positive electrode active material include lithium transition metal composite oxides having a layered rock salt structure or a spinel structure. Specific examples include LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiM n O 4 and Li(Co 1/3 Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 )O 2 . Alternatively, LiFePO4 or the like may be used.
- examples of negative electrode active materials include, but are not limited to, metallic lithium, lithium alloys, lithium titanate, and the like.
- the active material of the present invention can be used for both primary batteries and secondary batteries.
- element M is at least one of nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium
- the activity of the present invention is Typical batteries in which the material is used include lithium primary batteries and secondary batteries.
- the electrolytes used in these batteries may be liquid or solid.
- the solid battery includes, for example, 50% by mass or less, 30% by mass or less, 10% by mass, in addition to a solid battery that does not contain any liquid or gel material as an electrolyte.
- Embodiments containing the following liquid substances or gel substances as electrolytes are also included.
- the active material of the present invention contains element M, which is a valuable element, and element X, which is a different element from element M.
- Element X is contained in the active material for the purpose of tracking element M or increasing the traceability of element M. That is, element X is used for the purpose of labeling element M.
- the active material b is Element X derived from substance a is also mixed. As a result, it becomes possible to know that the active material b is recycled using the active material a as a raw material. In other words, it becomes possible to trace the element M contained in the active material a.
- active material b when element X is detected from active material b by elemental analysis of active material b, active material b is recycled using element M contained in active material a as a raw material. You can know that. Furthermore, depending on the type of element X, the origin of element M contained in active material b can be known. For example , if element In some cases, element M contained in active material b can be identified as originating from active material a2 manufactured by company B. In this way, by including element X in the active material, the manufacturing region and manufacturing facility of the active material can be known.
- element M which is a valuable element, is labeled with element be able to.
- the method for recovering element M from a battery having an active material containing element M which is a valuable element.
- the powdered battery slag obtained under the sieve after sieving is added to the leachate to extract the lithium and nickel that may be contained therein.
- a method of dissolving cobalt, manganese, etc. in the leachate can be adopted (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-195129).
- a method is adopted in which the active material recovered from the battery is cut, heated to volatilize the binder, and then the active material is peeled off by impact crushing and separated into the current collector and the active material using a vibrating sieve.
- a method can be adopted in which Co and Ni are later reduced and roasted to become metals, iron and manganese are made into oxides to form a slurry, and the slurry is subjected to magnetic separation to separate and recover the magnetic substances (Co and Ni).
- Co and Ni are later reduced and roasted to become metals
- iron and manganese are made into oxides to form a slurry
- the slurry is subjected to magnetic separation to separate and recover the magnetic substances (Co and Ni).
- the element M recovered by the above method contains a trace amount of the element X, which was contained in the original active material a, in a form accompanying the element M.
- the recovered element M alone or a compound containing element M is used to obtain a precursor of a recycled material (active material b described above).
- active material b active material
- cobalt sulfate or manganese sulfate can be used as a precursor compound containing these elements.
- element M alone or a compound containing element M is mixed with element X alone or a compound containing element You may obtain.
- the active material b which is a recycled material, is produced by treating the precursor using a known method. That is, according to the present invention, a method for producing recycled material b is also provided.
- active material b contains element X, which was contained in active material a, which is the original active material, in a form accompanying element M.
- element X contained in active material a or active material b is not particularly limited. For example, it may exist as a constituent element of active material a or active material b, or it may exist independently apart from active material a or active material b. Note that when present as a constituent element of active material a or active material b, element X may be in solid solution.
- the element M can be labeled with the element X.
- the element M may be labeled with the element X or the element X may not be used.
- X 1 can be used as the element X in the first recycling
- X 2 which is different from X 1, can be used as the element X in the second recycling.
- element X contained in the active material is significantly distinguishable from element M. From this point of view, it is desirable that element X is not contained in the natural mineral that is the raw material for element M.
- element X By adding element X, which is not originally included in natural minerals, to an active material containing element M extracted from natural minerals, element X can be significantly distinguished from element M.
- Natural minerals that are raw materials for element M include, for example, when element M is cobalt, linnaeanite (Co 3 S 4 ), cobaltite (CoAsS), glaucodote ((Co,Fe)AsS), arsenic Examples include cobalt ore ((Co, Ni) As 3-x ).
- element M is nickel, pentlandite ((Fe,Ni) 9 S 8 ), arsenite (NiAs), nickel-containing pyrrhotite ((Fe,Ni) 1-x S), silica nickel (Ni 6 Si 4 O 10 (OH) 8 ) and the like.
- element M is manganese, hausmannite (Mn 3 O 4 ), soft manganeseite (MnO 2 ), cryptomelane (K(Mn 2+ , Mn 4+ ) 8 O 16 ), rhodochrosite (MnCO 3 ), tephrite (Mn 2 SiO 4 ), rosette (MnSiO 3 ), brownite (Mn 2+ Mn 3+ Si 8 O 12 ), and the like.
- the element M is lithium, examples include lithium mica (K(Al,Li) 2 (Si,Al) 4 O 10 (OH,F) 2 ), petalite (LiAlSi 4 O 10 ), spodumene, etc. It will be done.
- the element X used for labeling the element M it is preferable to use an element that is not included in the various natural minerals mentioned above.
- element X does not participate in the battery reaction of a battery having an active material containing the element X. This allows element X to be used only for the purpose of labeling element M, which is a valuable element.
- element means.
- element X include at least one element selected from the following metals. These elements may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- ⁇ Group 2 and Group 15 metals in the second period of the periodic table. ⁇ Metals of Group 3, Group 11, and Groups 13 to 16 in the 4th period of the periodic table. -Metals of Groups 1 to 3, Groups 7 to 13, and Groups 15 to 17 in the 5th period of the periodic table. ⁇ Metals of Groups 1 to 3 and Groups 7 to 17 in the 6th period of the periodic table. ⁇ Metals from Groups 1 to 17 in period 7 of the periodic table.
- element X particularly preferred elements are, for example, scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), and lanthanum (La ), gadolinium (Gd), and lutetium (Lu).
- the amount of element X contained in the active material of the present invention is preferably, for example, 40 ppm or more, more preferably 50 ppm or more, based on the active material. .
- the amount of the element X may be, for example, 60 ppm or less, or 80 ppm or less with respect to the active material.
- the amount of element X contained in the active material can be measured, for example, by ICP emission spectrometry.
- this follow-up compound is used for follow-up of element M, which is a valuable element recovered from the battery.
- this follow-up compound is used when producing active material b of the same type or different type as active material a using element M recovered from a battery having active material a containing element M as a raw material. and is used to track element M recovered from a battery containing active material b.
- the follow-up compound it is advantageous to use a compound that, when added to an active material containing element M, does not impair the inherent performance of the active material.
- examples of such compounds include compounds containing at least one of scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), gadolinium (Gd), and lutetium (Lu).
- the amount of the follow-up compound to be added may be such that the amount of element X contained in the active material falls within the range described above.
- the active material of the present invention it is possible to easily conduct a follow-up investigation of element M, which is a valuable element, from the past to the future. Therefore, the active material of the present invention can easily comply with revisions to regulations regarding battery recycling that may occur in the near future.
- the element to be tracked is element M (at least one of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium), but in addition to or in place of this, a rare metal other than element M is used for tracking. It may also be a target.
- tracking or traceability of valuable elements recovered from batteries can be improved. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily know the number of times a valuable element is recycled, the manufacturing area of the active material, the manufacturing year of the active material, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、これまで知られている有価元素の回収方法では、回収した元素のトラッキングないしトレーサビリティが十分でなく、今後予想されるリサイクル規制に適合させることが容易でない。
元素Xが、周期表の第2周期で第2族及び第15族の金属と、第4周期で第3族、第11族及び第13族乃至第16族の金属と、第5周期で第1族乃至第3族、第7族乃至第13族及び第15族乃至第17族の金属と、第6周期で第1族乃至第3族及び第7族乃至第17族の金属と、第7周期で第1族乃至第17族の金属とから選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素である、活物質を提供するものである。
活物質aとして、周期表の第2周期で第2族及び第15族の金属と、第4周期で第3族、第11族及び第13族乃至第16族の金属と、第5周期で第1族乃至第3族、第7族乃至第13族及び第15族乃至第17族の金属と、第6周期で第1族乃至第3族及び第7族乃至第17族の金属と、第7周期で第1族乃至第17族の金属とから選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素Xを更に含むものを用いる、再生活物質の製造方法を提供するものである。
前記追跡調査用化合物は、周期表の第2周期で第2族及び第15族の金属と、第4周期で第3族、第11族及び第13族乃至第16族の金属と、第5周期で第1族乃至第3族、第7族乃至第13族及び第15族乃至第17族の金属と、第6周期で第1族乃至第3族及び第7族乃至第17族の金属と、第7周期で第1族乃至第17族の金属とから選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素Xを含むものである、電池から回収された有価元素の追跡調査用化合物を提供するものである。
前記追跡調査用化合物は、元素Mの原料である天然鉱物中に非含有であり、且つ、活物質bを含む電池の電池反応に関与しない元素Xを含むものである、電池から回収された有価元素の追跡調査用化合物を提供するものである。
また、元素Xの種類に応じて、活物質bに含まれている元素Mの由来を知ることができる。例えば元素XがX1である場合には、活物質bに含まれている元素Mは、A社で製造された活物質a1に由来するものであると特定でき、元素XがX2である場合には、活物質bに含まれている元素Mは、B社で製造された活物質a2に由来するものであると特定できる。このように、活物質中に元素Xを含有させることで、活物質の製造地域や製造施設を知ることができる。
これに加えて、又はこれに代えて、活物質の製造年代に応じて元素Xの種類を変更することで、例えば元素XがX1である場合には、活物質bに含まれている元素Mは、ある年代に製造された活物質a1に由来するものであると特定でき、元素XがX2である場合には、別の年代に製造された活物質a2に由来するものであると特定できる。
これに加えて、又はこれに代えて、活物質b中に含まれる元素Xの量に応じて、元素Mを含む活物質がリサイクルされた回数を特定することができる。例えば、活物質b中に含まれる元素Xの量が多いほど、元素Mを含む活物質のリサイクル回数が多いと判断することができる。リサイクル回数が多いことは、再生活物質の劣化の程度の指標にもなる。
このように、本発明の活物質は、有価元素である元素Mが元素Xによってラベリングされていることで、該活物質が製造されてからの流通履歴、製造場所、再生回数などを容易に知ることができる。
また、電池から回収した活物質を切断し、加熱してバインダーを揮発させた後に、衝撃破砕して活物質を剥離し、振動篩によって集電体と活物質とに分離する方法を採用することができる(例えば特開2013-211234号公報参照)。
更に、電池を加熱処理して有機物を除去した後に外装体を切断して取り除いた後に活物質を破砕し、振動篩で集電体と活物質に選別する方法を採用することができる(例えば特開2013-80595号公報参照)。
更に、使用済み電池を予備焙焼して有機物を除去した後に破砕して主に集電体の塊状物と主に活物質の粉状物とに篩分けし、粉状物を酸化焙焼した後に還元焙焼してCo及びNiをメタルにするとともに、鉄及びマンガンを酸化物にしてスラリーにし、該スラリーを磁選して磁着物(Co及びNi)を分離回収する方法を採用することができる(例えば特開2012-229481号公報)。
あるいは、以上の方法によって元素Mが回収されたら、元素M単体又は元素Mを含む化合物に、元素X単体又は元素Xを含む化合物を混合し、再生活物質(上述した活物質b)の前駆体を得てもよい。
元素Mがニッケルである場合には、ペントランド鉱((Fe,Ni)9S8)、紅砒ニッケル鉱(NiAs)、含ニッケル磁硫鉄鉱((Fe,Ni)1-xS)、珪ニッケル鉱(Ni6Si4O10(OH)8)などが挙げられる。
元素Mがマンガンである場合には、ハウスマン鉱(Mn3O4)、軟マンガン鉱(MnO2)、クリプトメレン(K(Mn2+,Mn4+)8O16)、菱マンガン鉱(MnCO3)、テフロ鉱(Mn2SiO4)、バラ輝石(MnSiO3)、ブラウン鉱(Mn2+Mn3+Si8O12)などが挙げられる。
元素Mがリチウムである場合には、リチア雲母(K(Al,Li)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH,F)2)、ペタル石(LiAlSi4O10)、リシア輝石などが挙げられる。
元素Mのラベリングに用いられる元素Xとしては、上述した各種の天然鉱物に含まれていない元素を用いることが好ましい。
・周期表の第2周期で第2族及び第15族の金属。
・周期表の第4周期で第3族、第11族及び第13族乃至第16族の金属。
・周期表の第5周期で第1族乃至第3族、第7族乃至第13族及び第15族乃至第17族の金属。
・周期表の第6周期で第1族乃至第3族及び第7族乃至第17族の金属。
・周期表の第7周期で第1族乃至第17族の金属。
活物質中に含まれる元素Xの量は例えばICP発光分光分析によって測定することができる。
Claims (9)
- ニッケル、コバルト、マンガン及びリチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の元素Mと、該元素Mと異なる元素Xとを含む活物質であって、
元素Xが、周期表の第2周期で第2族及び第15族の金属と、第4周期で第3族、第11族及び第13族乃至第16族の金属と、第5周期で第1族乃至第3族、第7族乃至第13族及び第15族乃至第17族の金属と、第6周期で第1族乃至第3族及び第7族乃至第17族の金属と、第7周期で第1族乃至第17族の金属とから選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素である、活物質。 - 元素Xは、元素Mの原料である天然鉱物中に非含有であり、且つ、前記活物質を含む電池の電池反応に関与しないものである、請求項1に記載の活物質。
- 元素Xを1ppm以上1000ppm以下含む、請求項1又は2に記載の活物質。
- ニッケル、コバルト、マンガン及びリチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の元素Mを含む活物質aを有する電池から回収された元素Mを原料として、活物質aと同種又は異種の活物質bを製造する再生活物質の製造方法であって、
活物質aとして、周期表の第2周期で第2族及び第15族の金属と、第4周期で第3族、第11族及び第13族乃至第16族の金属と、第5周期で第1族乃至第3族、第7族乃至第13族及び第15族乃至第17族の金属と、第6周期で第1族乃至第3族及び第7族乃至第17族の金属と、第7周期で第1族乃至第17族の金属とから選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素Xを更に含むものを用いる、再生活物質の製造方法。 - 前記元素Xが、元素Mの原料である天然鉱物中に非含有であり、且つ、活物質bを含む電池の電池反応に関与しない元素である、請求項4に記載の再生活物質の製造方法。
- ニッケル、コバルト、マンガン及びリチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の元素Mを含む活物質aを有する電池から回収された元素Mを原料として、活物質aと同種又は異種の活物質bを製造するに際して、活物質aとして、周期表の第2周期で第2族及び第15族の金属と、第4周期で第3族、第11族及び第13族乃至第16族の金属と、第5周期で第1族乃至第3族、第7族乃至第13族及び第15族乃至第17族の金属と、第6周期で第1族乃至第3族及び第7族乃至第17族の金属と、第7周期で第1族乃至第17族の金属とから選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素Xを更に含むものを用いて、活物質b中に含まれる元素Xの種類及び/又は量に基づき、活物質bを含む電池から回収された元素Mを追跡調査する、電池から回収された有価元素の追跡調査方法。
- ニッケル、コバルト、マンガン及びリチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の元素Mを含む活物質aを有する電池から回収された元素Mを原料として、活物質aと同種又は異種の活物質bを製造するに際して、活物質aとして、元素Mの原料である天然鉱物中に非含有であり、且つ、活物質bを含む電池の電池反応に関与しない元素Xを更に含むものを用いて、活物質b中に含まれる元素Xの種類及び/又は量に基づき、活物質bを含む電池から回収された元素Mを追跡調査する、電池から回収された有価元素の追跡調査方法。
- ニッケル、コバルト、マンガン及びリチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の元素Mを含む活物質aを有する電池から回収された元素Mを原料として、活物質aと同種又は異種の活物質bを製造するに際して、活物質aに添加されて、活物質bを含む電池から回収された元素Mを追跡調査するために用いられる、電池から回収された有価元素の追跡調査用化合物であって、
前記追跡調査用化合物は、周期表の第2周期で第2族及び第15族の金属と、第4周期で第3族、第11族及び第13族乃至第16族の金属と、第5周期で第1族乃至第3族、第7族乃至第13族及び第15族乃至第17族の金属と、第6周期で第1族乃至第3族及び第7族乃至第17族の金属と、第7周期で第1族乃至第17族の金属とから選ばれる少なくとも一種の元素Xを含むものである、電池から回収された有価元素の追跡調査用化合物。 - ニッケル、コバルト、マンガン及びリチウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種の元素Mを含む活物質aを有する電池から回収された元素Mを原料として、活物質aと同種又は異種の活物質bを製造するに際して、活物質aに添加されて、活物質bを含む電池から回収された元素Mを追跡調査するために用いられる、電池から回収された有価元素の追跡調査用化合物であって、
前記追跡調査用化合物は、元素Mの原料である天然鉱物中に非含有であり、且つ、活物質bを含む電池の電池反応に関与しない元素Xを含むものである、電池から回収された有価元素の追跡調査用化合物。
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