WO2023013494A1 - リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023013494A1 WO2023013494A1 PCT/JP2022/028930 JP2022028930W WO2023013494A1 WO 2023013494 A1 WO2023013494 A1 WO 2023013494A1 JP 2022028930 W JP2022028930 W JP 2022028930W WO 2023013494 A1 WO2023013494 A1 WO 2023013494A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lithium secondary
- positive electrode
- active material
- secondary battery
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive electrode active material for lithium secondary batteries, a positive electrode for lithium secondary batteries, and a lithium secondary battery.
- a positive electrode active material for lithium secondary batteries is used for the positive electrode that constitutes the lithium secondary battery.
- a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery contains a lithium metal composite oxide.
- Patent Document 1 discloses manufacturing a positive electrode active material comprising a mixing step of obtaining a lithium mixture by mixing a nickel-containing hydroxide, a lithium compound, and a niobium compound. method is described.
- Patent Document 2 describes a positive electrode active material containing a lithium metal composite oxide and a compound containing lithium and niobium.
- Patent Document 2 discloses coating the surfaces of primary particles of a lithium metal composite oxide with a compound containing lithium and niobium.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose that addition of niobium to the positive electrode active material improves battery characteristics.
- niobium to the positive electrode active material improves battery characteristics.
- a lithium metal composite oxide and a compound containing niobium, tungsten or molybdenum are mixed and fired, sintering between primary particles and crystal growth are likely to be inhibited. If sintering and crystal growth during firing are inhibited, the average crystallite size of the particles of the positive electrode active material tends to decrease. As a result, the lithium secondary battery using the manufactured positive electrode active material has a problem that the initial discharge capacity, the initial efficiency and the cycle characteristics are likely to deteriorate.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery that is excellent in initial discharge capacity, initial efficiency and cycle characteristics even when a compound containing niobium, tungsten or molybdenum is added.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a positive electrode for a secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery.
- a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery comprising a lithium metal composite oxide and a Li—X compound containing Li and an element X, wherein the Li—X compound is an oxide having lithium ion conductivity is a substance, the lithium metal composite oxide includes secondary particles that are aggregates of primary particles, the secondary particles have gaps between the primary particles, and the Li—X compound contains at least
- the element X is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Nb, W and Mo, and the positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery satisfies the following (A).
- Positive electrode active material for secondary batteries comprising a lithium metal composite oxide and a Li—X compound containing Li and an element X, wherein the Li—X compound is an oxide having lithium ion conductivity is a substance, the lithium metal composite oxide includes secondary particles that are aggregates of primary particles, the secondary particles have gaps between the primary particles, and the Li—X compound contains at least
- the element X is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Nb, W and Mo,
- D50 which is the 50% cumulative volume particle size of the positive electrode active material for lithium secondary batteries, is 3 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- compositional formula (I) Li[Li a (Ni (1-yzw) Co y M z X w ) 1-a ]O 2 (I) (In composition formula (I), M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Cu, Ti, Mg, Al, Zn, Sn, Zr, Ga, B, Si, S and P.
- a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium secondary battery that are excellent in initial discharge capacity, initial efficiency and cycle characteristics even when a compound containing niobium, tungsten or molybdenum is added. can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a crystallite size in the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a lithium secondary battery;
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of an all-solid lithium secondary battery;
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a crystallite size in the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a lithium secondary battery;
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of an all-solid lithium secondary battery;
- a metal composite compound (Metal Composite Compound) is hereinafter referred to as “MCC”.
- a lithium metal composite oxide (Lithium Metal Composite Compound) is hereinafter referred to as “LiMO”.
- a cathode active material for lithium secondary batteries is hereinafter referred to as "CAM”.
- the notation “Li” indicates that it is an Li element, not an elemental Li metal, unless otherwise specified.
- the notation of other elements such as Ni, Co, and Mn is the same.
- the numerical range for example, when “1 to 10 ⁇ m” is described, it means a numerical range from 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m including the lower limit (1 ⁇ m) and the upper limit (10 ⁇ m), that is, “1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less”. .
- the CAM of this embodiment comprises LiMO and a Li—X compound containing lithium and the element X.
- the positive electrode active material for lithium secondary batteries satisfies (A) described later.
- CAM and LiMO are particles, and particles include primary particles and secondary particles.
- primary particles refers to particles that do not appear to have grain boundaries and that constitute secondary particles. More specifically, the term “primary particles” means particles that do not show clear grain boundaries on the particle surface when observed with a scanning electron microscope or the like in a field of view of 5,000 to 20,000 times.
- secondary particle means a particle in which a plurality of the primary particles are three-dimensionally bonded with gaps therebetween. The secondary particles have a spherical or substantially spherical shape. Generally, the secondary particles are formed by agglomeration of 10 or more primary particles.
- the secondary particles contained in LiMO are aggregates of primary particles, with gaps between the primary particles.
- gap means a gap formed between primary particles that constitute secondary particles.
- ⁇ LiMO ⁇ LiMO is a compound containing Li, Ni, an optional metal element Co, and the element M.
- the element M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Cu, Ti, Mg, Al, Zn, Sn, Zr, Ga, B, Si, S and P.
- Li—X compound is a compound containing Li and element X, and is an oxide having lithium ion conductivity.
- element X is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Nb, W and Mo.
- the Li—X compound exists at least in the gaps between the primary particles of LiMO. Specific examples of Li—X compounds include lithium niobate, lithium tungstate, and lithium molybdate.
- lithium niobate examples include Li 3 NbO 4 , LiNbO 3 , LiNb 3 O 8 , Li 8 Nb 2 O 9 and the like.
- Lithium niobate has lithium ion conductivity.
- Lithium tungstates include LiWO3 , Li2WO4 , Li4WO5 , or Li6W2O9 .
- Lithium tungstate has lithium ion conductivity.
- Lithium molybdates include Li2MoO4 , Li4MoO5 , or Li6Mo2O9 .
- Lithium molybdate has lithium ion conductivity.
- the Li—X compound is preferably lithium niobate or lithium tungstate, and particularly preferably lithium niobate.
- Step of obtaining a cross section of CAM particles As a method of obtaining a cross section of a CAM particle, first, one CAM particle is processed by a focused ion beam processing apparatus to obtain a cross section of one CAM particle.
- a focused ion beam processing apparatus for example, FB2200 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation can be used.
- a part of the positive electrode produced using CAM is cut and processed with an ion milling apparatus to obtain a cross section of the CAM particles contained in the electrode mixture layer. You may get
- Particles from which cross sections are obtained are preferably selected from CAM particles exhibiting a maximum diameter of 50% cumulative volume particle size D 50 ⁇ m) ⁇ 5% obtained by laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement. It is preferable to observe a CAM particle having a long axis length of D 50 ( ⁇ m) ⁇ 5% by cutting the particle so as to pass through the vicinity of the center of gravity of the CAM particle.
- the CAM used for cross-sectional processing is preferably powdered CAM, but may be CAM contained in the electrode or CAM powder embedded in resin.
- JEM-2100F manufactured by JEOL Ltd. can be used as the TEM. Specifically, the cross section of the CAM particles is observed using a TEM, and the cross section of the CAM particles is subjected to elemental analysis by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Centurio manufactured by JEOL Ltd. can be used for energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (abbreviated as EDX).
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- a location where element X is detected by EDX is judged to be a location where a compound containing element X exists.
- a compound containing element X is a Li-X compound containing lithium can be confirmed by X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, etc.
- XAFS X-ray absorption fine structure
- XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- the XAFS analysis information on the local structure of the atom of interest can be obtained.
- the local structure of an atom includes, for example, the valence of the atom, adjacent atomic species, connectivity, and the like.
- the XAFS analysis measures and analyzes the ratio (I/I 0 ) of the X-ray intensity (I 0 ) before irradiating the measurement object and the X-ray intensity (I) after passing through the measurement object.
- XPS analysis irradiates the sample surface with X-rays and measures the energy of the photoelectrons that are generated, making it possible to analyze the constituent elements of the sample and their electronic states.
- a composition analysis of the compound containing the element X can be performed by performing the XPS analysis.
- the composition analysis of the compound containing element X utilizes XAFS analysis.
- the fabricated CAM containing the element X is introduced into an XAFS beamline, which is a measurement apparatus, and the XAFS measurement and analysis of the element X are performed under the following conditions.
- an XAFS measurement of a standard sample of the assumed Li—X compound is also carried out.
- Measuring device Inter-University Research Institute Corporation High Energy Accelerator Research Organization BL-12C Measurement absorption edge: Nb-K absorption edge, WL absorption edge, Mo-K absorption edge
- composition analysis of the compound containing the element X is performed.
- the term “center portion of a particle” means a region corresponding to 50% of the radius from the center to the surface of the particle toward the center in the TEM-EDX image obtained by the above method.
- the term “particle surface portion” means the outermost surface of the particle and a region from the outermost surface to a depth of approximately 10 nm toward the center of the particle in the TEM-EDX image obtained by the above method. do.
- the term “peripheral portion of a particle” means an area that corresponds to neither the central portion of the particle nor the surface portion of the particle in the TEM-EDX image obtained by the above method.
- the Li—X compound may exist in the gap at the center of the secondary particles, judging from the TEM-EDX image.
- the Li—X compound may be present in the gaps around the outer periphery of the secondary particles, judging from the TEM-EDX image.
- the Li—X compound may be present in the gaps at the center of the secondary particles and the gaps at the outer periphery of the secondary particles, judging from the TEM-EDX image.
- the Li—X compound when judged from the TEM-EDX image, may be present in the gaps present in the entire area from the center of the secondary particles to the surface of the secondary particles. .
- a Li-X compound may exist on the surface of the secondary particles as judged from the TEM-EDX image. However, it does not include a mode in which the Li—X compound exists only on the surface of the secondary particles.
- the Li-X compound present in the CAM gap acts as a lithium ion conductive layer. Therefore, in the CAM of the present embodiment, lithium ions are easily diffused, and the resistance is easily reduced during insertion and extraction of lithium ions. Thereby, the initial discharge capacity and the initial efficiency of the lithium secondary battery can be improved.
- FIG. 1(a) shows a schematic diagram of the 003 plane in the crystallite.
- the crystallite diameter in the direction perpendicular to the 003 plane corresponds to the crystallite diameter L A ( ⁇ ) (FIG. 1(b)).
- a large value of the crystallite diameter LA means that the CAM grains grow in the layered direction.
- the resistance during insertion and desorption of lithium ions is likely to be reduced, and the initial discharge capacity and initial efficiency of the lithium secondary battery can be improved. .
- Lav of CAM is a crystallite diameter calculated by Rietveld analysis of the obtained diffraction pattern.
- the Rietveld analysis method is a method of determining a crystal structure by first assuming a crystal structure and refining the parameters related to this crystal structure by the method of least squares. Examples of analysis software for Rietveld analysis include TOPAS, Rietan, JANA, and JADE.
- a lithium secondary battery using a CAM having such a crystal structure has a low crystal factor that becomes resistance in intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions, and the initial discharge capacity, initial efficiency and cycle retention rate are likely to be improved.
- CAM preferably has a L av of 80 to 150 ⁇ , more preferably 90 to 140 ⁇ , even more preferably 100 to 130 ⁇ .
- L av is within the above range, crystallites are sufficiently developed, and lattice defects and distortion are small. Therefore, the resistance during insertion and desorption of lithium ions is small, and the initial discharge capacity and initial efficiency of the lithium secondary battery can be easily increased. In addition, particle cracking due to excessive growth of crystallites is suppressed, and the cycle retention rate of the lithium secondary battery is likely to be improved.
- the CAM has an L A of preferably 500 to 700 ⁇ , more preferably 510 to 690 ⁇ , even more preferably 520 to 680 ⁇ .
- L A preferably 500 to 700 ⁇ , more preferably 510 to 690 ⁇ , even more preferably 520 to 680 ⁇ .
- the CAM preferably has a D50, which is the 50% cumulative volume particle size of the CAM, of 3 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 18 ⁇ m, even more preferably 8 to 15 ⁇ m.
- D50 the 50% cumulative volume particle size of the CAM
- the CAM preferably has D 10 , D 90 and D 50 satisfying the following (B). ( D90 - D50 )/( D50 - D10 ) ⁇ 2.0 (B) (In (B), D10 is the 10% cumulative volume particle size of CAM. D90 is the 90% cumulative volume particle size of CAM.)
- the CAM When the CAM is within a range that satisfies (B), it becomes easier to fill the CAM when manufacturing the positive electrode, the contact with the conductive aid becomes good, and a positive electrode with low resistance can be manufactured. Further, when the CAM satisfies (B), sintering inhibition between primary particles occurs, while a CAM capable of sufficiently exhibiting battery characteristics can be produced. Therefore, the initial efficiency and cycle retention rate of the lithium secondary battery are likely to be improved.
- the 10% cumulative volume particle size D10 , the 50% cumulative volume particle size D50 , and the 90% cumulative volume particle size D90 of the object to be measured can be measured by the following wet or dry methods.
- the object to be measured is CAM or compound X described later.
- Examples of the wet measurement method include a measurement method using a laser diffraction scattering method. Specifically, first, 2 g of the powdery object to be measured is put into 50 ml of a 0.2% by mass sodium hexametaphosphate aqueous solution to obtain a dispersion in which the object to be measured is dispersed.
- the particle size distribution of the resulting dispersion is measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution meter to obtain a volume-based cumulative particle size distribution curve.
- a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer MS2000 manufactured by Malvern, for example, can be used.
- dry particle size distribution is measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution meter using 2 g of the measurement object to obtain a volume-based cumulative particle size distribution curve.
- a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer MS2000 manufactured by Malvern, for example, can be used.
- the value of the particle diameter at 10% accumulation from the fine particle side is 10% cumulative volume particle size D 10 ( ⁇ m), and the particles at 50% accumulation from the fine particle side
- the value of the diameter is the 50% cumulative volume particle size D 50 ( ⁇ m)
- the value of the particle size at the time of 90% accumulation from the microparticle side is the 90% cumulative volume particle size D 90 ( ⁇ m).
- CAM is measured by a wet method
- compound X is measured by a wet or dry method depending on the type of compound.
- [BET specific surface area] CAM preferably has a BET specific surface area of 0.2 to 2.5 m 2 /g, more preferably 0.5 to 2.5 m 2 /g, and more preferably 1.0 to 2.5 m 2 /g. is more preferable, and 1.5 m 2 /g or more is particularly preferable. Also, the BET specific surface area of the CAM may be 1.5-2.5 m 2 /g, 1.7-2.5 m 2 /g.
- a CAM with a BET specific surface area equal to or higher than the above lower limit facilitates enhancing the output characteristics of the lithium secondary battery.
- a CAM having a BET specific surface area equal to or less than the above upper limit value is used, the contact area between the CAM and the electrolytic solution is less likely to increase, and the generation of gas due to decomposition of the electrolytic solution is likely to be suppressed.
- the BET specific surface area of the object to be measured can be measured by a BET specific surface area measuring device.
- a BET specific surface area measuring device for example, Macsorb (registered trademark) manufactured by Mountech Co., Ltd. can be used.
- Macsorb registered trademark manufactured by Mountech Co., Ltd.
- a powdery measurement object it is preferable to dry it at 105° C. for 30 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere as a pretreatment.
- the object to be measured is CAM or compound X described later.
- composition formula CAM is preferably represented by the following compositional formula (I).
- a CAM represented by the following compositional formula (I) includes LiMO and a Li—X compound at the same time.
- M is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Cu, Ti, Mg, Al, Zn, Sn, Zr, Ga, B, Si, S and P.
- composition formula (I) is ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.7, 0 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.1, and y+z+w ⁇ 1.
- a is preferably -0.02 or more, more preferably 0 or more, and particularly preferably 0.002 or more, from the viewpoint of improving cycle characteristics. From the viewpoint of obtaining a lithium secondary battery with high initial discharge capacity and high initial efficiency, a is preferably 0.1 or less, more preferably 0.08 or less, and particularly preferably 0.07 or less.
- a preferably satisfies ⁇ 0.02 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.1, more preferably satisfies 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.08, and particularly preferably satisfies 0.002 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.07.
- composition formula (I) from the viewpoint of obtaining a lithium secondary battery with high discharge efficiency, it is preferable to satisfy 0 ⁇ y + z + w ⁇ 0.6, more preferably 0 ⁇ y + z + w ⁇ 0.5, and 0 ⁇ y + z + w It is more preferable to satisfy ⁇ 0.25, and it is particularly preferable to satisfy 0 ⁇ y+z+w ⁇ 0.2.
- y is more preferably 0.02 or more, particularly preferably 0.04 or more, from the viewpoint of obtaining a lithium secondary battery with low battery internal resistance. From the viewpoint of obtaining a lithium secondary battery with high thermal stability, it is preferably 0.4 or less, particularly preferably 0.3 or less.
- the upper limit and lower limit of y can be combined arbitrarily. Examples of combinations of y include 0.02 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.4 and 0.04 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.3.
- z is more preferably 0.0002 or more, particularly preferably 0.0005 or more, from the viewpoint of improving cycle characteristics. Also, it is preferably 0.15 or less, more preferably 0.13 or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 or less.
- the upper limit and lower limit of z can be combined arbitrarily.
- z preferably satisfies 0.0002 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.15, more preferably 0.0005 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.13, particularly 0.0005 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.1 preferable.
- w is more preferably 0.001 or more, particularly preferably 0.002 or more, from the viewpoint of improving cycle characteristics. Moreover, it is preferably 0.09 or less, more preferably 0.07 or less, and particularly preferably 0.05 or less.
- the upper limit and lower limit of w can be combined arbitrarily. w preferably satisfies 0.001 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.09, preferably satisfies 0.002 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.07, and preferably satisfies 0.002 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.05. Also, 0.001 ⁇ w ⁇ 0.05 may be satisfied.
- composition analysis of CAM can be measured using an ICP emission spectrometer after dissolving the obtained CAM powder in hydrochloric acid.
- ICP emission spectrometer for example, SPS3000 manufactured by SII Nanotechnology Co., Ltd. can be used.
- the crystal structure of CAM is a layered structure, and more preferably a hexagonal crystal structure or a monoclinic crystal structure.
- the hexagonal crystal structure includes P3, P31, P32, R3, P-3, R-3, P312, P321, P3112, P3121, P3212, P3221, R32, P3m1, P31m, P3c1, P31c, R3m, R3c, P-31m, P-31c, P-3m1, P-3c1, R-3m, R-3c, P6, P61, P65, P62, P64, P63, P-6, P6/m, P63/m, P622, From P6122, P6522, P6222, P6422, P6322, P6mm, P6cc, P63cm, P63mc, P-6m2, P-6c2, P-62m, P-62c, P6/mmm, P6/mcc, P63/mcm and P63/mmc belong to any one space group selected from the group consisting of
- the monoclinic crystal structure consists of P2, P21, C2, Pm, Pc, Cm, Cc, P2/m, P21/m, C2/m, P2/c, P21/c and C2/c. It belongs to any one space group selected from the group.
- the crystal structure is a hexagonal crystal structure assigned to the space group R-3m, or a monoclinic crystal structure assigned to C2/m.
- a crystalline structure is particularly preferred.
- a coin-type lithium secondary battery is produced.
- lithium secondary batteries having a common battery configuration other than the CAM are produced and evaluated.
- the assembled coin-type lithium secondary battery is allowed to stand at room temperature for 12 hours, so that the separator and the positive electrode mixture layer are sufficiently impregnated with the electrolytic solution.
- the current setting value is 0.2CA for both charging and discharging, and constant-current, constant-voltage charging and constant-current discharging are performed, respectively.
- Metal lithium is used as the negative electrode, the maximum charge voltage is 4.3V, and the minimum discharge voltage is 2.5V.
- the charge capacity is measured, and the obtained value is defined as “initial charge capacity” (mAh/g). Further, the discharge capacity is measured, and the obtained value is defined as “initial discharge capacity” (mAh/g).
- Initial efficiency (%) initial discharge capacity (mAh/g) / initial charge capacity (mAh/g) x 100
- Cycle maintenance rate Discharge capacity at 50th cycle (mAh/g)/Discharge capacity at 1st cycle (mAh/g) x 100
- high initial discharge capacity means that the value of the initial discharge capacity measured by the above method is 205 mAh/g or more.
- High initial efficiency means that the value of initial efficiency measured by the above method is 88.0% or more.
- high cycle retention rate means that the cycle retention rate measured by the above method is 80.0% or more.
- the method of manufacturing CAM is a method in which the steps of manufacturing MCC, mixing MCC, lithium compound and compound X to obtain a mixture, and obtaining CAM are carried out in order.
- MCC Metal composite hydroxide containing Ni, Co and Al as metal elements.
- the nickel salt that is the solute of the nickel salt solution is not particularly limited, but for example, one or more of nickel sulfate, nickel nitrate, nickel chloride and nickel acetate can be used.
- cobalt salt that is the solute of the cobalt salt solution
- cobalt salt solution for example, one or more of cobalt sulfate, cobalt nitrate, cobalt chloride, and cobalt acetate can be used.
- aluminum salt that is the solute of the aluminum salt solution for example, aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminate, or the like can be used.
- the above metal salts are used in proportions corresponding to the composition ratio of Ni (1-yz) Co y Al z (OH) 2 . Also, water is used as a solvent.
- a complexing agent is a compound capable of forming a complex with Ni, Co, and Al ions in an aqueous solution.
- Examples include ammonium ion donors, hydrazine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, uracildiacetic acid, and glycine.
- Ammonium ion donors include ammonium salts such as ammonium hydroxide, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate, and ammonium fluoride.
- the complexing agent may not be contained, and when the complexing agent is contained, the amount of the complexing agent contained in the mixed solution containing the nickel salt solution, the cobalt salt solution, the aluminum salt solution and the complexing agent is, for example, The molar ratio to the total number of moles of the metal salt is greater than 0 and 2.0 or less.
- the pH value in this specification is defined as the value measured when the temperature of the mixed liquid is 40°C.
- the pH of the mixed solution is measured when the temperature of the mixed solution sampled from the reaction tank reaches 40°C.
- the pH is measured when the mixed liquid is heated to 40°C.
- the pH is measured when the mixed liquid is cooled to 40°C.
- Ni, Co, and Al react to form Ni (1-yz) Co y Al. z (OH) 2 is produced.
- the temperature of the reaction vessel is controlled, for example, within the range of 20-80°C, preferably 30-70°C.
- the pH value in the reaction vessel is controlled within the range of pH 9-13, preferably pH 11-13.
- the materials in the reaction vessel are appropriately agitated to mix.
- the reaction tank used in the continuous coprecipitation method can be a type of reaction tank in which the formed reaction precipitate is allowed to overflow for separation.
- the inside of the reaction tank may be an inert atmosphere.
- the inert atmosphere suppresses the aggregation of elements that are more easily oxidized than nickel, and allows uniform MCC to be obtained.
- the inside of the reaction vessel may be in an oxygen-containing atmosphere or in the presence of an oxidizing agent while maintaining an inert atmosphere.
- an oxidizing agent Increasing the amount of transition metal oxidation increases the specific surface area.
- the oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas and the oxidizing agent need only have enough oxygen atoms to oxidize the transition metal.
- An inert atmosphere can be maintained in the reactor unless a large amount of oxygen atoms are introduced.
- a predetermined gas species may be passed into the reaction vessel, or the reaction solution may be directly bubbled.
- various gases such as nitrogen, argon, inert gases such as carbon dioxide, air, oxidizing gases such as oxygen, or mixed gases thereof are supplied into the reaction vessel to obtain The oxidation state of the reaction products may be controlled.
- peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide, peroxide salts such as permanganate, perchlorates, hypochlorites, nitric acid, halogens, ozone, etc. are used. can do.
- Organic acids such as oxalic acid and formic acid, sulfites, and hydrazine can be used as compounds that reduce the resulting reaction product.
- the reaction product obtained is washed with water and then dried to obtain MCC.
- nickel-cobalt-aluminum metal composite hydroxide is obtained as MCC.
- the reaction product may optionally be washed with weak acid water, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide. It may be washed with an alkaline solution.
- the drying time is preferably 1 to 30 hours, which is the total time from the start of temperature rise to the end of temperature retention.
- the heating rate for reaching the maximum holding temperature during drying is preferably 180° C./hour or more, more preferably 200° C./hour or more, and particularly preferably 250° C./hour or more.
- the maximum holding temperature in this specification refers to the inside of a drying furnace or a firing furnace (hereinafter collectively referred to as a “heating device”) during drying or a firing step described later (hereinafter collectively referred to as a “heating step”). ) is the maximum temperature of the internal atmosphere, which means the drying temperature and the firing temperature, respectively. When drying or baking is performed multiple times in the heating process, the highest holding temperature means the highest temperature in the heating process.
- the heating rate in this specification refers to the time from the start of temperature rise to the maximum holding temperature in the heating device, and the temperature from the temperature at the start of heating to the maximum holding temperature in the furnace of the heating device. calculated from the difference
- Drying conditions for MCC are not particularly limited.
- the drying conditions may be, for example, any of the following conditions 1) to 3). 1) Conditions under which the metal composite oxide or metal composite hydroxide is not oxidized or reduced. Specifically, the drying conditions are such that the metal composite oxide is maintained as a metal composite oxide, and the metal composite hydroxide is maintained as a metal composite hydroxide. 2) Conditions under which the metal composite hydroxide is oxidized. Specifically, the drying conditions are such that the metal composite hydroxide is oxidized to the metal composite oxide. 3) Conditions under which the metal composite oxide is reduced. Specifically, the drying conditions are such that the metal composite oxide is reduced to the metal composite hydroxide.
- An inert gas such as nitrogen, helium or argon may be used in the atmosphere during drying in order to create a condition in which the metal composite oxide or metal composite hydroxide is not oxidized or reduced.
- Oxygen or air may be used in the drying atmosphere to create conditions for oxidizing the metal composite hydroxide. At this time, it may be heated at a temperature in the range of 400 to 700° C. for 0.1 to 20 hours.
- a reducing agent such as hydrazine or sodium sulfite may be used in an inert gas atmosphere during drying.
- the MCC After drying the MCC, it may be appropriately classified.
- a CAM with a Li-X compound in the gaps of LiMO is obtained.
- a mixture containing MCC, a lithium compound, and compound X may be referred to as mixture 1.
- MCC reacts with the lithium compound to grow primary particles, which are aggregated and sintered to form secondary particles having gaps.
- the average crystallite size of the CAM tends to increase as the sintering of the primary particles progresses.
- the lithium contained in the lithium compound reacts with the compound X to form a Li—X compound.
- the Li-X compounds formed deposit in the gaps.
- lithium compound one or more of lithium carbonate, lithium nitrate, lithium acetate, lithium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide hydrate, and lithium oxide may be used in combination.
- lithium hydroxide and lithium acetate can react with carbon dioxide in the air and contain several percent of lithium carbonate.
- a compound X is a compound containing, as the element X, one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Nb, W and Mo.
- Examples of the compound X include niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 5 , NbO) and niobic acid when the element X is Nb.
- the compound X includes tungsten oxide (WO 3 , WO 2 ), tungstic acid, and tungsten chloride.
- Compound X includes molybdenum oxide (MoO 3 ) when element X is Mo.
- the amount of compound X added varies depending on the type of element X.
- the amount of the compound X to be added is appropriately adjusted according to the ratio of the molar amount of the element X to the total molar amount of the metal elements contained in the metal composite compound.
- the ratio of the molar amount of element X contained in compound X to the total molar amount of metal elements contained in MCC is preferably 0.1 to 2.5 mol%.
- the D50 of the compound X is preferably 0.02 to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05 to 0.05 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is 14 ⁇ m.
- the BET specific surface area of compound X is preferably 5.0 to 15 m 2 /g in order to allow the Li—X compound to effectively exist in the LiMO gaps.
- the D50 of the compound X is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 5.0 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or less.
- D50 of compound X is preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more.
- the BET specific surface area of the compound X is preferably 5.5-15 m 2 /g, more preferably 6.0-10 m 2 /g.
- the compound X contains Nb as the element X, it preferably has a D 50 of 0.05 to 3.0 ⁇ m and a BET specific surface area of 6.0 to 10.0 m 2 /g.
- D50 of compound X is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 5.0 ⁇ m or less.
- D50 of compound X is preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more.
- the BET specific surface area of the compound X is preferably 4.0-15 m 2 /g, more preferably 5.0-12.0 m 2 /g.
- the compound X contains W as the element X, it preferably has a D 50 of 0.05 to 5 ⁇ m and a BET specific surface area of 5.0 to 12.0 m 2 /g.
- the D50 of the compound X is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 5.0 ⁇ m or less.
- D50 of compound X is preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more.
- the BET specific surface area of the compound X is preferably 4.0-15 m 2 /g, more preferably 5.0-12.0 m 2 /g.
- the compound X contains Mo as the element X, it preferably has a D 50 of 0.05 to 5.0 ⁇ m and a BET specific surface area of 5.0 to 12.0 m 2 /g.
- MCC lithium compound
- compound X X-dielectric X
- the mixing device is not limited as long as MCC, the lithium compound, and the compound X can be uniformly mixed, it is preferable to use, for example, a Loedige mixer for mixing.
- the lithium compound, MCC and compound X are used in consideration of the composition ratio of the final product.
- the CAM which is the final product, when the Li contained in the lithium compound and the metal element contained in the MCC are mixed at a molar ratio of 0.98 to 1.10, the L A / It is easy to control L av within the preferred range of the present embodiment.
- Step of obtaining positive electrode active material By firing a mixture of MCC, a lithium compound and compound X, a CAM with LiMO and a Li—X compound in the interstices can be obtained. For example, by firing a mixture of a nickel-cobalt-aluminum metal composite hydroxide, a lithium compound and compound X, a CAM having a lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum metal composite oxide as LiMO and a Li—X compound in the interstices is obtained. be able to. For firing, dry air, an oxygen atmosphere, an inert atmosphere, or the like is used depending on the desired composition. In this embodiment, it is preferable to bake in an oxygen atmosphere.
- the firing process may be a single firing or may have multiple firing steps. When there are multiple firing steps, the step of firing at the highest temperature is referred to as main firing. Temporary sintering may be performed before main sintering at a temperature lower than that of main sintering. Further, after the main firing, post-baking may be performed in which the material is fired at a temperature lower than that of the main firing.
- the firing temperature (maximum holding temperature) of the main firing is preferably 600°C or higher, more preferably 650°C or higher, and particularly preferably 700°C or higher, from the viewpoint of promoting the growth of the particles of the lithium composite compound. From the viewpoint of preventing cracks from being formed in LiMO particles and maintaining particle strength, the temperature is preferably 1200° C. or lower, more preferably 1100° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 1000° C. or lower.
- the upper limit and lower limit of the maximum holding temperature for main firing can be combined arbitrarily. Examples of combinations include 600-1200°C, 650-1100°C and 700-1000°C.
- the main sintering is carried out at 600° C. or higher, it is easy to control the L A , L av , and L A /L av of the obtained CAM within the preferred range of the present embodiment.
- the firing temperature for preliminary firing or post-firing should be lower than the firing temperature for main firing.
- the holding temperature in firing may be appropriately adjusted according to the type of transition metal element used, the type and amount of precipitant and inert melting agent.
- the holding time at the holding temperature is 0.1 to 20 hours, preferably 0.5 to 10 hours.
- the rate of temperature rise to the holding temperature is usually 50 to 400°C/hour, and the rate of temperature drop from the holding temperature to room temperature is usually 10 to 400°C/hour.
- As the firing atmosphere air, oxygen, nitrogen, argon, or a mixed gas thereof can be used.
- a cleaning liquid such as pure water or an alkaline cleaning liquid.
- alkaline cleaning solutions include LiOH (lithium hydroxide), NaOH (sodium hydroxide), KOH ( potassium hydroxide), Li2CO3 (lithium carbonate), Na2CO3 ( sodium carbonate), and K2CO3 .
- An aqueous solution of one or more anhydrides selected from the group consisting of (potassium carbonate) and (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 (ammonium carbonate) and an aqueous solution of the hydrate of said anhydride can be mentioned. Ammonia can also be used as the alkali.
- the method of bringing the cleaning liquid and the fired product into contact includes a method of putting the fired product into each cleaning liquid and stirring it, and a method of showering the fired product with each cleaning liquid as shower water.
- a method of applying each cleaning solution as shower water to the fired product after the fired product is put into the cleaning solution and stirred, the fired product is separated from each cleaning solution, and then each cleaning solution is used as shower water, after separation.
- a method of applying to the baked product can be mentioned.
- the temperature of the cleaning liquid used for cleaning is preferably 15°C or lower, more preferably 10°C or lower, and even more preferably 8°C or lower.
- the baked product after washing may be dried as appropriate.
- a CAM is obtained through the above steps.
- the method for producing a CAM according to the present embodiment includes the steps of producing MCC, mixing MCC and a lithium compound to obtain LiMO, and mixing LiMO and compound X and firing to obtain CAM. It is a method to implement in order.
- Step of obtaining lithium mixed metal compound The obtained MCC and a lithium compound are mixed. LiMO is obtained by firing a mixture containing MCC and a lithium compound.
- the same compound as the lithium compound described in CAM production method 1 can be used.
- the above lithium compound and MCC are used in consideration of the composition ratio of the final product.
- the CAM which is the final product
- the Li contained in the lithium compound and the metal element contained in the MCC are mixed at a molar ratio of 0.98 to 1.10, the resulting CAM L A , It is easy to control L av and L A /L av within the preferred ranges of the present embodiment.
- a lithium-nickel-cobalt-aluminum metal composite oxide is obtained by firing a mixture of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum metal composite hydroxide and the lithium compound.
- dry air, an oxygen atmosphere, an inert atmosphere, or the like is used depending on the desired composition.
- the firing step of firing the mixture of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum metal composite hydroxide and the lithium compound is preferably performed only once.
- the firing of the mixture of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum metal composite hydroxide and the lithium compound is hereinafter referred to as primary firing.
- the primary firing may be performed at a lower firing temperature than the secondary firing described later, for example, in the range of 350 to 800°C.
- the CAM is obtained by mixing the fired product obtained after the primary firing with the compound X and firing the mixture.
- a step of mixing the fired product obtained after the primary firing with the compound X and firing the mixture is referred to as secondary firing.
- the MCC reacts with the lithium compound to grow the primary particles, and the primary particles are aggregated and sintered to form secondary particles with gaps.
- the Li—X compound is likely to deposit in the gaps, as in the CAM manufacturing method 1.
- the firing temperature (maximum holding temperature) of the secondary firing is preferably 600°C or higher, more preferably 650°C or higher, and particularly preferably 700°C or higher, from the viewpoint of allowing the Li—X compound to exist uniformly in the gaps. From the viewpoint of preventing crack formation in the CAM particles and maintaining particle strength, the temperature is preferably 1200° C. or lower, more preferably 1100° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 1000° C. or lower.
- the upper limit and lower limit of the highest holding temperature for secondary firing can be combined arbitrarily. Examples of combinations include 600-1200°C, 650-1100°C and 700-1000°C. If the secondary firing is carried out at 600° C. or higher, it is easy to control the L A , L av , and L A /L av of the obtained CAM within the preferred ranges of the present embodiment.
- the holding temperature in firing may be appropriately adjusted according to the type of transition metal element used, the type and amount of precipitant and inert melting agent.
- the holding time at the holding temperature is 0.1 to 20 hours, preferably 0.5 to 10 hours.
- the rate of temperature rise to the holding temperature is usually 50 to 400°C/hour, and the rate of temperature drop from the holding temperature to room temperature is usually 10 to 400°C/hour.
- As the firing atmosphere air, oxygen, nitrogen, argon, or a mixed gas thereof can be used.
- the amount of compound X to be added is adjusted according to the type of element X so that the ratio of the molar amount of element X to the total molar amount of metal elements other than Li contained in LiMO is within a preferable range.
- the element X when using a compound containing at least one selected from the group consisting of Nb, W and Mo as the element X in the CAM manufacturing process, the element X is preferably 0.1 to 2.5 mol %.
- Compound X and LiMO are uniformly mixed until there are no aggregates of compound X or excessive aggregates of LiMO.
- the mixing device is not limited as long as the compound X and LiMO can be uniformly mixed, it is preferable to mix using a Loedige mixer, for example.
- Lithium secondary battery suitable for using the CAM of this embodiment. Furthermore, a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a positive electrode) suitable for use with the CAM of the present embodiment will be described. Furthermore, a lithium secondary battery suitable for use as a positive electrode will be described.
- An example of a lithium secondary battery suitable for using the CAM of the present embodiment has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a separator sandwiched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution placed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- An example of a lithium secondary battery has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a separator sandwiched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution placed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a lithium secondary battery.
- Cylindrical lithium secondary battery 10 is manufactured as follows.
- a pair of strip-shaped separators 1, a strip-shaped positive electrode 2 having a positive electrode lead 21 at one end, and a strip-shaped negative electrode 3 having a negative electrode lead 31 at one end are arranged as follows: 1 and the negative electrode 3 are stacked in this order and wound to form an electrode group 4 .
- the can bottom is sealed, the electrode group 4 is impregnated with the electrolytic solution 6, and the electrolyte is arranged between the positive electrode 2 and the negative electrode 3. . Further, by sealing the upper portion of the battery can 5 with the top insulator 7 and the sealing member 8, the lithium secondary battery 10 can be manufactured.
- the shape of the electrode group 4 is, for example, a columnar shape such that the cross-sectional shape of the electrode group 4 cut in the direction perpendicular to the winding axis is a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, or a rectangle with rounded corners. can be mentioned.
- a shape defined by IEC60086 which is a standard for batteries defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), or JIS C 8500 can be adopted.
- IEC60086 which is a standard for batteries defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), or JIS C 8500
- a shape such as a cylindrical shape or a rectangular shape can be mentioned.
- the lithium secondary battery is not limited to the wound type configuration described above, and may have a layered configuration in which a layered structure of a positive electrode, a separator, a negative electrode, and a separator is repeatedly stacked.
- laminated lithium secondary batteries include so-called coin-type batteries, button-type batteries, and paper-type (or sheet-type) batteries.
- the positive electrode can be manufactured by first preparing a positive electrode mixture containing CAM, a conductive material, and a binder, and supporting the positive electrode mixture on a positive electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode of the lithium secondary battery may be capable of doping and dedoping lithium ions at a potential lower than that of the positive electrode, and an electrode in which a negative electrode mixture containing a negative electrode active material is supported on a negative electrode current collector; An electrode consisting of a negative electrode active material alone can be mentioned.
- the positive electrode, separator, negative electrode and electrolyte that constitute the lithium secondary battery for example, the configurations, materials and manufacturing methods described in [0113] to [0140] of WO2022/113904A1 can be used.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the all-solid lithium secondary battery of this embodiment.
- the all-solid lithium secondary battery 1000 shown in FIG. 3 has a laminate 100 having a positive electrode 110, a negative electrode 120, and a solid electrolyte layer 130, and an outer package 200 that houses the laminate 100.
- the all-solid lithium secondary battery 1000 may have a bipolar structure in which a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material are arranged on both sides of a current collector.
- bipolar structures include structures described in JP-A-2004-95400. The material forming each member will be described later.
- the laminate 100 may have an external terminal 113 connected to the positive electrode current collector 112 and an external terminal 123 connected to the negative electrode current collector 122 .
- all-solid lithium secondary battery 1000 may have a separator between positive electrode 110 and negative electrode 120 .
- the all-solid lithium secondary battery 1000 further has an insulator (not shown) for insulating the laminate 100 and the exterior body 200 and a sealing body (not shown) for sealing the opening 200 a of the exterior body 200 .
- a container molded from a highly corrosion-resistant metal material such as aluminum, stainless steel, or nickel-plated steel can be used.
- a container in which a laminated film having at least one surface subjected to corrosion-resistant processing is processed into a bag shape can also be used.
- Examples of the shape of the all-solid lithium secondary battery 1000 include coin-shaped, button-shaped, paper-shaped (or sheet-shaped), cylindrical, rectangular, and laminate-shaped (pouch-shaped).
- the all-solid-state lithium secondary battery 1000 is illustrated as having one laminate 100 as an example, but the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- the all-solid lithium secondary battery 1000 may have a configuration in which the laminate 100 is used as a unit cell and a plurality of unit cells (laminate 100 ) are sealed inside the exterior body 200 .
- the positive electrode 110 of this embodiment has a positive electrode active material layer 111 and a positive electrode current collector 112 .
- the positive electrode active material layer 111 includes the CAM and the solid electrolyte which are one embodiment of the present invention described above. Moreover, the positive electrode active material layer 111 may contain a conductive material and a binder.
- the negative electrode 120 has a negative electrode active material layer 121 and a negative electrode current collector 122 .
- the negative electrode active material layer 121 contains a negative electrode active material. Further, the negative electrode active material layer 121 may contain a solid electrolyte and a conductive material. As the negative electrode active material, the negative electrode current collector, the solid electrolyte, the conductive material and the binder, those described above can be used.
- the CAM manufactured according to the present embodiment described above is used in the lithium secondary battery configured as described above, the initial discharge capacity, initial efficiency, and cycle retention rate of the lithium secondary battery using this CAM are improved. can be made
- the positive electrode having the configuration described above has the CAM having the configuration described above, it is possible to improve the initial discharge capacity, the initial efficiency, and the cycle retention rate of the lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium secondary battery configured as described above has the positive electrode described above, it becomes a secondary battery with high initial discharge capacity, initial efficiency, and cycle retention rate.
- a CAM comprising LiMO and a Li—X compound containing Li and an element X, wherein the Li—X compound is an oxide having lithium ion conductivity, and the LiMO is a primary particle of Secondary particles that are aggregates are included, the secondary particles have gaps between the primary particles, the Li—X compound is present at least in the gaps, and the element X is Nb, W, and A CAM which is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, and which satisfies (A)-15 above.
- the CAM according to [11] wherein the CAM has a D50 of 8 to 15 ⁇ m.
- a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery comprising the CAM according to any one of [11] to [18].
- composition analysis of the CAM produced by the below-described method was performed by the method described in [Composition analysis] above.
- a nickel sulfate aqueous solution, a cobalt sulfate aqueous solution, and an aluminum sulfate aqueous solution were mixed at a ratio of 88:9:3 for the atomic ratio of Ni, Co, and Al to prepare a mixed raw material solution.
- this mixed raw material liquid and an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate were continuously added as a complexing agent into the reactor while stirring.
- An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added dropwise at appropriate times so that the pH of the solution in the reaction tank was 11.6 (measured at a liquid temperature of 40° C.) to obtain particles of nickel-cobalt-aluminum composite hydroxide.
- the nickel-cobalt-aluminum composite hydroxide particles were washed, they were dehydrated in a centrifuge, isolated, and dried at 105° C. to obtain nickel-cobalt-aluminum composite hydroxide 1 .
- the nickel-cobalt-aluminum composite hydroxide 1 was held at 650°C for 5 hours in an air atmosphere, heated, and cooled to room temperature to obtain the nickel-cobalt-aluminum composite oxide 1.
- the Nb 2 O 5 used in Example 1 had a BET specific surface area of 7.19 m 2 /g and a D 50 of 1.26 ⁇ m.
- the resulting mixture was fired at 650° C. for 5 hours in an oxygen atmosphere to obtain a fired product.
- WO 3 used in Example 4 had a BET specific surface area of 7.12 m 2 /g and a D 50 of 0.25 ⁇ m.
- An aqueous solution of nickel sulfate, an aqueous solution of cobalt sulfate, and an aqueous solution of manganese sulfate were mixed in such a ratio that the atomic ratio of Ni, Co, and Mn was 88:9:3 to prepare a mixed raw material solution.
- this mixed raw material liquid and an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate were continuously added as a complexing agent into the reactor while stirring.
- An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was added dropwise at appropriate times so that the pH of the solution in the reaction tank was 11.5 (measured at a liquid temperature of 40° C.) to obtain particles of nickel-cobalt-manganese composite hydroxide.
- the particles were dehydrated in a centrifuge, isolated, and dried at 105° C. to obtain a nickel-cobalt-manganese composite hydroxide 1 .
- Manufacture of CAM-6 The same experiment as in Example 3 was performed except that Nb 2 O 5 having a BET specific surface area of 19.46 m 2 /g and a D 50 of 34.0 ⁇ m was used to obtain CAM-6. rice field.
- Manufacture of CAM-7 The same experiment as in Example 3 was performed except that Nb 2 O 5 having a BET specific surface area of 5.27 m 2 /g and a D 50 of 1.30 ⁇ m was used to obtain CAM-7. rice field.
- Examples 1 to 5 using the CAM of this embodiment were excellent in initial discharge capacity, initial efficiency and cycle retention rate.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 in which L A /L av does not satisfy the scope of the present invention, it is thought that the crystalline factor that becomes resistance in the insertion and extraction of lithium ions increased, and the initial discharge capacity, initial efficiency and The cycle maintenance rate was inferior to that of Examples. Moreover, Comparative Example 4, which does not contain element X, was inferior to Examples in initial discharge capacity, initial efficiency, and cycle retention rate.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年8月3日に、日本に出願された特願2021-127566号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
一方、リチウム金属複合酸化物とニオブ、タングステン又はモリブデンを含む化合物とを混合して焼成した場合、一次粒子同士の焼結、及び結晶成長が阻害されやすくなる。焼成時の焼結、及び結晶成長が阻害されると、正極活物質の粒子の平均結晶子サイズが小さくなりやすい。その結果、製造した正極活物質を用いたリチウム二次電池は、初回放電容量、初回効率及びサイクル特性が低下しやすいという課題がある。
[1]リチウム金属複合酸化物と、Liと元素Xとを含むLi-X化合物と、を備えるリチウム二次電池用正極活物質であって、前記Li-X化合物はリチウムイオン導電性を有する酸化物であり、前記リチウム金属複合酸化物は、一次粒子の凝集体である二次粒子を含み、前記二次粒子は、一次粒子同士の間に間隙を有し、前記Li-X化合物は、少なくとも前記間隙に存在し、前記元素Xは、Nb、W及びMoからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素であり、前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質は下記(A)を満たす、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
4.95≦LA/Lav ・・・(A)
((A)中、LAは、CuKα線で測定した前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の粉末X線回折の回折パターンにおいて、2θ=18.5±1°の範囲内の最大の回折ピークから算出する結晶子径である。
Lavは、前記回折パターンにおいて2θ=10°以上90°以下の範囲内に含まれる回折パターンから算出する平均結晶子径である。)
[2]前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の50%累積体積粒度であるD50が3μm以上20μm以下である[1]に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
[3]前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質のBET比表面積が0.2m2/g以上2.5m2/g以下である、[1]又は[2]に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
[4]下記組成式(I)で表される、[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
Li[Lia(Ni(1-y-z-w)CoyMzXw)1-a]O2 ・・・(I)
(組成式(I)中、MはMn、Fe、Cu、Ti、Mg、Al、Zn、Sn、Zr、Ga、B、Si、S及びPからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素であり、XはNb、W及びMoからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素であり、組成式(I)は、-0.1≦a≦0.2、0≦y≦0.5、0<z≦0.7、0<w≦0.1、及びy+z+w<1を満たす。)
[5]D10、D90及びD50が下記(B)を満たす、[1]~[4]のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
(D90-D50)/(D50-D10)≦2.0 ・・・(B)
((B)中、D10は前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の10%累積体積粒度である。D50は前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の50%累積体積粒度である。D90は前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の90%累積体積粒度である。)
[6]前記Lavは80Å以上150Å以下である、[1]~[5]のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
[7]前記LAは500Å以上700Å以下である、[1]~[6]のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
[8]前記BET比表面積は1.5m2/g以上である、[3]に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
[9][1]~[8]のいずれか1つに記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質を含むリチウム二次電池用正極。
[10][9]に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極を有するリチウム二次電池。
リチウム二次電池用正極活物質(Cathode Active Material for lithium secondary batteries)を以下「CAM」と称する。
「Li」との表記は、特に言及しない限りLi金属単体ではなく、Li元素であることを示す。Ni、Co、Mn等の他の元素の表記も同様である。
本実施形態のCAMは、LiMOと、リチウムと元素Xとを含むLi-X化合物とを備える。リチウム二次電池用正極活物質は、後述する(A)を満たす。
本明細書において、「一次粒子」とは、外観上に粒界が存在しない粒子であって、二次粒子を構成する粒子を意味する。より詳細には、「一次粒子」とは、走査型電子顕微鏡等で5000~20000倍の視野にて粒子を観察した場合に、粒子表面に明確な粒界が見られない粒子を意味する。
本明細書において、「二次粒子」とは、複数の前記一次粒子が間隙をもって三次元的に結合した粒子を意味する。二次粒子は、球状、略球状の形状を有する。
通常、前記二次粒子は前記一次粒子が10個以上凝集して形成される。
本明細書において「間隙」と記載した場合には、二次粒子を構成する一次粒子同士の間に形成された間隙を意味する。
LiMOはLi、Ni、任意金属元素であるCo、及び元素Mを含む化合物である。元素MはMn、Fe、Cu、Ti、Mg、Al、Zn、Sn、Zr、Ga、B、Si、S及びPからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素である。
Li-X化合物はLiと元素Xとを含む化合物であり、リチウムイオン導電性を有する酸化物である。元素XはNb、W及びMoからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素である。Li-X化合物は、少なくともLiMOの一次粒子同士の間の間隙に存在する。
Li-X化合物は具体的には、ニオブ酸リチウム、タングステン酸リチウム、モリブデン酸リチウムが挙げられる。
Li-X化合物が前記間隙に存在するか否かは、以下の方法により確認することができる。
まず、下記の方法によりCAMの粒子の断面を得る。
その後、得られた断面の像を用いて走査透過型電子顕微鏡-エネルギー分散型X線測定を実施する。
CAMの粒子の断面を得る方法としては、まず、CAMの一粒子を集束イオンビーム加工装置で加工して、CAMの一粒子の断面を得る。集束イオンビーム加工装置としては、例えば、株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製、FB2200が使用できる。
CAMの粒子の重心付近を通る態様で粒子を切断し、得られたCAMの粒子の断面の長軸長がD50(μm)±5%のものを選び観察することが好ましい。
間隙にLi-X化合物が存在するか否かは、上記の方法により得たCAMの断面を、透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いて観察することで確認できる。
具体的には、CAMの粒子の断面をTEMを用いて観察し、CAMの粒子の断面についてエネルギー分散型X線分析により元素分析する。エネルギー分散型X線分析(Energy Didpersive X-ray spectroscopy、略称EDX)には、日本電子株式会社製のCenturioが使用できる。
XAFS解析は、測定対象に照射する前のX線強度(I0)と測定対象を透過した後のX線強度(I)の比(I/I0)を測定し、解析する。
具体的には、作製した元素Xを含むCAMを測定装置であるXAFSビームラインに導入し、以下の条件で元素XのXAFS測定、及び解析を実施する。このとき、想定されるLi-X化合物の標準試料のXAFS測定を併せて実施する。
測定装置 :大学共同利用機関法人 高エネルギー加速器研究機構 BL-12C
測定吸収端 :Nb-K吸収端、W-L吸収端、Mo-K吸収端
本明細書において「粒子の表面部」とは、上記の方法により得られたTEM-EDX像において、粒子の最表面と、最表面から粒子の中心に向かって概ね10nmの深さまでの領域を意味する。
本明細書において「粒子の外周部」とは、上記の方法により得られたTEM-EDX像において、上記粒子の中心部と、上記粒子の表面部のいずれにも該当しない領域を意味する。
本実施形態のCAMは、TEM-EDX像から判断した場合に、二次粒子の外周部の間隙にLi-X化合物が存在していてもよい。
本実施形態のCAMは、TEM-EDX像から判断した場合に、二次粒子の中心部の間隙及び二次粒子の外周部の間隙にLi-X化合物が存在していてもよい。
本実施形態のCAMは、TEM-EDX像から判断した場合に、二次粒子の中心部から二次粒子の表面部までの全領域に存在する間隙にLi-X化合物が存在していてもよい。
4.95≦LA/Lav ・・・(A)
((A)中、LAは、CuKα線で測定した前記CAMの粉末X線回折の回折パターンにおいて、2θ=18.5±1°の範囲内の最大の回折ピークから算出する結晶子径である。
Lavは、前記回折パターンにおいて2θ=10~90°の範囲内に含まれる回折パターンから算出する平均結晶子径である。)
LAは、以下の方法により得られる。
まず、CuKαを線源とし、かつ回折角2θの測定範囲を10~90°とする粉末X線回折測定を行い、回折パターンを得る。得られた回折パターンから、2θ=18.5±1°の範囲内の最大の回折ピークを決定する。
測定条件を以下に記載する。
(測定条件)
サンプリング幅:0.02
スキャンスピード:4°/min
Scherrer式により、結晶子径を算出することは従来から使用されている手法である。例えば「X線構造解析-原子の配列を決める-」2002年4月30日第3版発行、早稲田嘉夫、松原栄一郎著を参照すればよい。
図1(a)に、結晶子における003面の模式図を示す。図1(a)中、003面の垂線方向の結晶子径は結晶子径LA(Å)(図1(b))に相当する。
Lavは、CuKα線を使用した粉末X線回折測定において、2θ=10~90°の範囲内の粉末X線回折の回折パターンにより算出した平均結晶子径である。
CAMのLavは、得られた回折パターンを、Rietveld解析して算出される結晶子径である。Rietveld解析法は、最初に結晶構造を仮定し、この結晶構造に関するパラメーターを最小二乗法によって精密化することで結晶構造を決定する方法である。Rietveld解析用の解析ソフトの例として、TOPAS、Rietan、JANA、JADE等が挙げられる。
LA/Lavが(A)を満たすCAMは、層状方向に成長した粒子の存在比率が大きいことを意味し、結晶構造中でのリチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離に関わる結晶構造が効果的に発達している。このような結晶構造を有するCAMを用いたリチウム二次電池は、リチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離において抵抗となる結晶因子が少なく、初回放電容量、初回効率及びサイクル維持率が向上しやすい。
4.99≦LA/Lav ・・・(A)-1
5.00≦LA/Lav ・・・(A)-2
5.05≦LA/Lav ・・・(A)-3
5.15≦LA/Lav ・・・(A)-4
5.20≦LA/Lav ・・・(A)-5
4.95≦LA/Lav≦9.9・・・(A)-10
4.99≦LA/Lav≦8.8・・・(A)-11
5.00≦LA/Lav≦7.7・・・(A)-12
5.05≦LA/Lav≦7.0・・・(A)-13
5.15≦LA/Lav≦6.5・・・(A)-14
5.20≦LA/Lav≦6.0・・・(A)-15
Lavが上記範囲内であると、結晶子が十分発達し、格子欠陥や歪みが少ない。このため、リチウムイオンの挿入時及び脱離時の抵抗が小さく、リチウム二次電池の初回放電容量及び初回効率を高めやすくなる。また、結晶子の過剰な成長に起因する粒子割れが抑制され、リチウム二次電池のサイクル維持率が向上しやすくなる。
LAが上記範囲内であると、CAMの粒子が層状方向に十分成長しており、リチウムイオンの挿入時及び脱離時において抵抗が少ない。このため、LAが上記範囲内であると、リチウム二次電池の初回放電容量及び初回効率が向上しやすくなる。
CAMは、CAMの50%累積体積粒度であるD50が3~20μmであることが好ましく、5~18μmであることがより好ましく、8~15μmであることがさらに好ましい。
CAMのD50が上記の範囲であると、正極を製造する際に充填しやすくなり、導電助剤との接触が良好となって、抵抗が低い正極を製造できる。そして、リチウム二次電池の初回効率、及びサイクル維持率が向上しやすくなる。
CAMは、D10、D90及びD50が下記(B)を満たすことが好ましい。
(D90-D50)/(D50-D10)≦2.0 ・・・(B)
((B)中、D10はCAMの10%累積体積粒度である。D90はCAMの90%累積体積粒度である。)
(D90-D50)/(D50-D10)≦1.9 ・・・(B)-1
(D90-D50)/(D50-D10)≦1.8 ・・・(B)-2
(D90-D50)/(D50-D10)≦1.75 ・・・(B)-3
1.0≦(D90-D50)/(D50-D10)≦2.0 ・・・(B)-10
1.2≦(D90-D50)/(D50-D10)≦1.9 ・・・(B)-11
1.4≦(D90-D50)/(D50-D10)≦1.8 ・・・(B)-12
1.6≦(D90-D50)/(D50-D10)≦1.75 ・・・(B)-13
本明細書において、測定対象物の10%累積体積粒度であるD10、50%累積体積粒度であるD50及び90%累積体積粒度であるD90は、以下の湿式または乾式の方法により測定できる。測定対象物は、CAM又は後述する化合物Xである。
具体的には、まず、粉末状の測定対象物2gを、0.2質量%ヘキサメタりん酸ナトリウム水溶液50mlに投入し、測定対象物を分散させた分散液を得る。
レーザー回折粒度分布計としては、例えばマルバーン製、MS2000が使用できる。
具体的には、まず、測定対象物2gを用いてレーザー回折粒度分布計により乾式粒度分布を測定し、体積基準の累積粒度分布曲線を得る。
レーザー回折粒度分布計としては、例えばマルバーン製、MS2000が使用できる。
湿式または乾式で得られた累積粒度分布曲線において、微小粒子側から10%累積時の粒子径の値が10%累積体積粒度D10(μm)であり、微小粒子側から50%累積時の粒子径の値が50%累積体積粒度D50(μm)であり、微小粒子側から90%累積時の粒子径の値が、90%累積体積粒度D90(μm)である。
CAMは、湿式の方法で測定され、化合物Xは、化合物の種類に応じて、湿式または乾式の方法で測定される。
CAMは、BET比表面積が0.2~2.5m2/gであることが好ましく、0.5~2.5m2/gであることがより好ましく、1.0~2.5m2/gであることがさらに好ましく、1.5m2/g以上が特に好ましい。また、CAMのBET比表面積は、1.5~2.5m2/g、1.7~2.5m2/gであってもよい。
BET比表面積が上記の上限値以下であるCAMを用いると、CAMと電解液との接触面積が増大しにくく、電解液の分解に起因するガスの発生を抑制しやすい。
測定対象物のBET比表面積は、BET比表面積測定装置により測定できる。BET比表面積測定装置としては、例えば、マウンテック社製Macsorb(登録商標)を用いることができる。粉末状の測定対象物を測定する場合、前処理として窒素雰囲気中、105℃で30分間乾燥させることが好ましい。測定対象物としては、CAM又は後述する化合物Xである。
CAMは、下記組成式(I)で表されることが好ましい。下記組成式(I)で表されるCAMは、LiMOとLi-X化合物とを同時に備える。
Li[Lia(Ni(1-y-z-w)CoyMzXw)1-a]O2 ・・・(I)
(組成式(I)中、MはMn、Fe、Cu、Ti、Mg、Al、Zn、Sn、Zr、Ga、B、Si、S及びPからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素であり、XはNb、W及びMoからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素であり、組成式(I)は、-0.1≦a≦0.2、0≦y≦0.5、0<z≦0.7、0<w≦0.1、及びy+z+w<1を満たす。)
aは、-0.02≦a≦0.1を満たすことが好ましく、0≦a≦0.08を満たすことがより好ましく、0.002≦a≦0.07を満たすことが特に好ましい。
yの上限値と下限値は任意に組み合わせることができる。組み合わせの例としては、yは、0.02≦y≦0.4、0.04≦y≦0.3が挙げられる。
zの上限値と下限値は任意に組み合わせることができる。
本実施形態においては、zは0.0002≦z≦0.15を満たすことが好ましく、0.0005≦z≦0.13を満たすことがより好ましく、0.0005≦z≦0.1が特に好ましい。
wの上限値と下限値は任意に組み合わせることができる。
wは0.001≦w≦0.09を満たすことが好ましく、0.002≦w≦0.07を満たすことが好ましく、0.002≦w≦0.05を満たすことが好ましい。また、0.001≦w≦0.05であってもよい。
CAMの組成分析は、得られたCAMの粉末を塩酸に溶解させた後、ICP発光分光分析装置を用いて測定できる。
ICP発光分光分析装置としては、例えばエスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー株式会社製、SPS3000が使用できる。
CAMの結晶構造は、層状構造であり、六方晶型の結晶構造又は単斜晶型の結晶構造であることがより好ましい。
評価対象となるCAMを正極に用いて、コイン型のリチウム二次電池を作製する。異なるCAMの物性を比較する場合には、CAM以外の電池構成が共通するリチウム二次電池を作製して評価する。
組み立てたコイン型のリチウム二次電池を室温で12時間静置することでセパレータ及び正極合剤層に充分電解液を含浸させる。
初回効率(%)=初回放電容量(mAh/g)÷初回充電容量(mAh/g) ×100
充電:電流設定値1CA、最大電圧4.3V、定電圧定電流充電
放電:電池設定値1CA、最小電圧2.5V、定電流放電
1サイクル目の放電容量と50サイクル目の放電容量から、下記の式でサイクル維持率を算出する。サイクル維持率が高いほど、充電と放電を繰り返した後の電池の容量が低下しにくいため、電池性能として望ましいことを意味する。
サイクル維持率(%)=50サイクル目の放電容量(mAh/g)/1サイクル目の放電容量(mAh/g)×100
まず、Niと、任意金属であるCo及び元素Mとを含むMCCを調製する。
MCCは、通常公知のバッチ共沈殿法又は連続共沈殿法により製造することが可能である。以下、金属元素として、Ni、Co及びAlを含む金属複合水酸化物を例に、その製造方法を詳述する。
連続式共沈殿法で用いる反応槽は、形成された反応沈殿物を分離のためオーバーフローさせるタイプの反応槽を用いることができる。
遷移金属の酸化量を増やすと、比表面積は大きくなる。酸素含有ガス中の酸素や酸化剤は、遷移金属を酸化させるために十分な酸素原子があればよい。多量の酸素原子を導入しなければ、反応槽内の不活性雰囲気を保つことができる。なお、反応槽内の雰囲気制御をガス種で行う場合、所定のガス種を反応槽内に通気するか、反応液を直接バブリングすればよい。
1)金属複合酸化物又は金属複合水酸化物が酸化又は還元されない条件。具体的には、金属複合酸化物が金属複合酸化物のまま維持される乾燥条件、金属複合水酸化物が金属複合水酸化物のまま維持される乾燥条件である。
2)金属複合水酸化物が酸化される条件。具体的には、金属複合水酸化物が金属複合酸化物に酸化される乾燥条件である。
3)金属複合酸化物が還元される条件。具体的には、金属複合酸化物が金属複合水酸化物に還元される乾燥条件である。
金属複合水酸化物が酸化される条件にするためには、乾燥時の雰囲気に酸素又は空気を使用すればよい。このとき、400~700℃の範囲で0.1~20時間加熱してもよい。
MCCを乾燥させた後、リチウム化合物と、化合物Xとを混合する。
さらに、リチウム化合物に含まれるリチウムと、化合物Xとが反応し、Li-X化合物が形成される。形成されたLi-X化合物は間隙に堆積する。
これらのリチウム化合物のうち、水酸化リチウムや酢酸リチウムは、空気中の二酸化炭素と反応して、炭酸リチウムを数%含みうる。
また、最終目的物であるCAMにおいて、リチウム化合物に含まれるLiと、MCCに含まれる金属元素とのモル比が0.98~1.10となる比率で混合すると、得られるCAMのLA/Lavを本実施形態の好ましい範囲に制御しやすい。
MCC、リチウム化合物及び化合物Xの混合物を焼成することによって、LiMOと、間隙にLi-X化合物とを有するCAMを得ることができる。例えば、ニッケルコバルトアルミニウム金属複合水酸化物、リチウム化合物及び化合物Xの混合物を焼成することによって、LiMOとしてリチウム-ニッケルコバルトアルミニウム金属複合酸化物を有し、間隙にLi-X化合物を有するCAMを得ることができる。なお、焼成には、所望の組成に応じて乾燥空気、酸素雰囲気、不活性雰囲気等が用いられる。本実施形態においては酸素雰囲気で焼成することが好ましい。
複数回の焼成段階を有する場合、最も高い温度で焼成する工程を本焼成と記載する。本焼成の前には、本焼成よりも低い温度で焼成する仮焼成を行ってもよい。また、本焼成の後には本焼成よりも低い温度で焼成する後焼成を行ってもよい。
組み合わせの例としては、600~1200℃、650~1100℃、700~1000℃が挙げられる。
本焼成を600℃以上で実施すると、得られるCAMのLA、Lav、LA/Lavを本実施形態の好ましい範囲に制御しやすい。
・洗浄工程
本実施形態においては、焼成後の焼成物を純水やアルカリ性洗浄液などの洗浄液で洗浄することが好ましい。
アルカリ性洗浄液としては、例えば、LiOH(水酸化リチウム)、NaOH(水酸化ナトリウム)、KOH(水酸化カリウム)、Li2CO3(炭酸リチウム)、Na2CO3(炭酸ナトリウム)、K2CO3(炭酸カリウム)および(NH4)2CO3(炭酸アンモニウム)からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の無水物の水溶液並びに前記無水物の水和物の水溶液を挙げることができる。また、アルカリとして、アンモニアを使用することもできる。
本実施形態のCAMの製造方法は、MCCの製造工程と、MCC及びリチウム化合物とを混合しLiMOを得る工程と、LiMOと化合物Xとを混合し、焼成してCAMを得る工程と、をこの順に実施する方法である。
CAMの製造方法2における、MCCの製造工程に関する説明は、前記CAMの製造方法1におけるMCCの製造工程に関する説明と同様である。
得られたMCCと、リチウム化合物を混合する。MCCと、リチウム化合物とを含む混合物を焼成することにより、LiMOが得られる。
一次焼成後に得られる焼成物と、化合物Xとを混合し、さらに焼成することで、CAMが得られる。一次焼成後に得られる焼成物と化合物Xとを混合して焼成する工程を二次焼成と記載する。
組み合わせの例としては、600~1200℃、650~1100℃、700~1000℃が挙げられる。
二次焼成を600℃以上で実施すると、得られるCAMのLA、Lav、LA/Lavを本実施形態の好ましい範囲に制御しやすい。
CAMの製造方法2における任意工程に関する説明は、前記CAMの製造方法1における任意工程に関する説明と同様である。
次いで、本実施形態のCAMを用いる場合の好適なリチウム二次電池の構成を説明する。
さらに、本実施形態のCAMを用いる場合に好適なリチウム二次電池用正極(以下、正極と称することがある。)について説明する。
さらに、正極の用途として好適なリチウム二次電池について説明する。
(正極)
正極は、まずCAM、導電材及びバインダーを含む正極合剤を調整し、正極合剤を正極集電体に担持させることで製造することができる。
(負極)
リチウム二次電池が有する負極は、正極よりも低い電位でリチウムイオンのドープかつ脱ドープが可能であればよく、負極活物質を含む負極合剤が負極集電体に担持されてなる電極、及び負極活物質単独からなる電極を挙げることができる。
次いで、全固体リチウム二次電池の構成を説明しながら、本発明の一態様に係るCAMを全固体リチウム二次電池のCAMとして用いた正極、及びこの正極を有する全固体リチウム二次電池について説明する。
本実施形態の正極110は、正極活物質層111と正極集電体112とを有している。
負極120は、負極活物質層121と負極集電体122とを有している。負極活物質層121は、負極活物質を含む。また、負極活物質層121は、固体電解質及び導電材を含んでいてもよい。負極活物質、負極集電体、固体電解質、導電材及びバインダーは、上述したものを用いることができる。
[11]LiMOと、Liと元素Xとを含むLi-X化合物と、を備えるCAMであって、前記Li-X化合物はリチウムイオン導電性を有する酸化物であり、前記LiMOは、一次粒子の凝集体である二次粒子を含み、前記二次粒子は、一次粒子同士の間に間隙を有し、前記Li-X化合物は、少なくとも前記間隙に存在し、前記元素Xは、Nb、W及びMoからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素であり、前記CAMは前記(A)-15を満たす、CAM。
[12]前記CAMのD50が8~15μmである[11]に記載のCAM。
[13]前記CAMのBET比表面積が1.0~2.5m2/gである、[11]又は[12]に記載のCAM。
[14]前記組成式(I)で表される、[11]~[13]のいずれか1つに記載のCAM。
[15]D10、D90及びD50が前記(B)-13を満たす、[11]~[14]のいずれか1つに記載のCAM。
[16]前記Lavは100~130Åである、[11]~[15]のいずれか1つに記載のCAM。
[17]前記LAは520~680Åである、[11]~[16]のいずれか1つに記載のCAM。
[18]前記BET比表面積は1.5m2/g以上である、[13]に記載のCAM。
[19][11]~[18]のいずれか1つに記載のCAMを含むリチウム二次電池用正極。
[20][19]に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極を有するリチウム二次電池。
後述の方法で製造されるCAMの組成分析は、上記[組成分析]に記載の方法により実施した。
後述の方法で製造されるCAMのLA及びLavは、上記[LAの測定方法]、[Lavの測定方法]に記載の方法により実施した。
得られたLA及びLavの各値から、LA/Lavを算出した。
後述の方法で製造されるCAMについて、Li-X化合物の確認方法は上記[Li-X化合物の確認方法]に記載の方法により実施した。
後述の方法で製造されるCAMのBET比表面積は、上記[BET比表面積測定]に記載の方法により実施した。化合物Xについても同様の方法によりBET比表面積を測定した。
後述の方法で製造されるCAMの累積体積粒度は、上記[D10、D50及びD90の測定方法]に記載の方法により実施した。化合物Xについても同様の方法により測定した。
上記[初回放電容量、初回効率及びサイクル維持率の測定方法]に記載の方法により、初回放電容量、初回効率及びサイクル維持率を測定した。
1.CAM-1の製造
攪拌器およびオーバーフローパイプを備えた反応槽内に水を入れた後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加し、液温を50℃に保持した。
ニッケルコバルトアルミニウム複合水酸化物の粒子を洗浄した後、遠心分離機で脱水し、単離して105℃で乾燥することで、ニッケルコバルトアルミニウム複合水酸化物1を得た。
さらに、Nb2O5をモル比がNb/(Ni+Co+Al)=0.01となる割合で秤量して混合した。
その後、さらに酸素雰囲気下760℃で6時間本焼成した。
CAM-1の組成分析を行ったところ、a=0.03、y=0.09、z=0.03、w=0.009であり、元素XはNbであり、元素MはAlであった。また、間隙に相当する領域に元素Xの存在を確認した。CAM-1に対してXAFS解析を実施したところ、Li-X化合物であるニオブ酸リチウムの形成が確認された。このため、Li-X化合物が少なくとも間隙に存在することが確認できた。
1.CAM-2の製造
実施例1における焼成温度760℃を790℃に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様の実験を行い、CAM-2を得た。
CAM-2の組成分析を行ったところ、a=0.01、y=0.09、z=0.03、w=0.008であり、元素XはNbであり、元素MはAlであった。また、間隙に相当する領域に元素Xの存在を確認した。CAM-2に対してXAFS解析を実施したところ、Li-X化合物であるニオブ酸リチウムの形成が確認された。このため、Li-X化合物が少なくとも間隙に存在することが確認できた。
1.CAM-3の製造
ニッケルコバルトアルミニウム複合水酸化物1と水酸化リチウム一水和物粉末を、モル比がLi/(Ni+Co+Al)=1.10となる割合で秤量して混合した。
得られた混合物を酸素雰囲気下650℃で5時間焼成し、焼成物を得た。
CAM-3の組成分析を行ったところ、a=0.01、y=0.09、z=0.03、w=0.01であり、元素XはNbであり、元素MはAlであった。また、間隙に相当する領域に元素Xの存在を確認した。CAM-3に対してXAFS解析を実施したところ、Li-X化合物の形成が確認された。このため、Li-X化合物が、少なくとも間隙に存在することが確認できた。
1.CAM-4の製造
ニッケルコバルトアルミニウム複合水酸化物1と水酸化リチウム一水和物粉末を、モル比がLi/(Ni+Co+Al)=1.03となる割合で秤量して混合した。
さらに、WO3をモル比がW/(Ni+Co+Al)=0.005となる割合で秤量して混合した。
その後、さらに酸素雰囲気下790℃で6時間本焼成した。
CAM-4の組成分析を行ったところ、a=0.01、y=0.09、z=0.03、w=0.003であり、元素XはWであり、元素MはAlであった。また、間隙に相当する領域に元素Xの存在を確認した。CAM-4に対してXAFS解析を実施したところ、Li-X化合物であるタングステン酸リチウムの形成が確認された。このため、Li-X化合物が、少なくとも間隙に存在することが確認できた。
1.CAM-5の製造
攪拌器およびオーバーフローパイプを備えた反応槽内に水を入れた後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加し、液温を50℃に保持した。
ニッケルコバルトマンガン複合水酸化物の粒子を洗浄した後、遠心分離機で脱水し、単離して105℃で乾燥することで、ニッケルコバルトマンガン複合水酸化物1を得た。
さらに、実施例1で用いたNb2O5をモル比がNb/(Ni+Co+Mn)=0.01となる割合で秤量して混合した。
その後、さらに酸素雰囲気下790℃で5時間本焼成した。
CAM-5の組成分析を行ったところ、a=0.06、y=0.09、z=0.03、w=0.01であり、元素XはNbであり、元素MはMnであった。また、間隙に相当する領域に元素Xの存在を確認した。CAM-5に対してXAFS解析を実施したところLi-X化合物であるニオブ酸リチウムの形成が確認された。このため、Li-X化合物が少なくともの間隙に存在することが確認できた。
1.CAM-6の製造
BET比表面積が19.46m2/g、D50が34.0μmであるNb2O5を用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様の実験を行い、CAM-6を得た。
CAM-6の組成分析を行ったところ、a=0.05、y=0.09、z=0.03、w=0.01であり、元素XはNbであり、元素MはAlであった。また、間隙に相当する領域に元素Xの存在を確認した。CAM-6に対してXAFS解析を実施したところ、Li-X化合物であるニオブ酸リチウムの形成が確認された。このため、Li-X化合物が少なくとも間隙に存在することが確認できた。
1.CAM-7の製造
BET比表面積が5.27m2/g、D50が1.30μmであるNb2O5を用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様の実験を行い、CAM-7を得た。
CAM-7の組成分析を行ったところ、a=0.02、y=0.09、z=0.03、w=0.001であり、元素XはNbであり、元素MはAlであった。また、間隙に相当する領域に元素Xの存在を確認した。CAM-7に対してXAFS解析を実施したところ、Li-X化合物であるニオブ酸リチウムの形成が確認された。このため、Li-X化合物が少なくとも間隙に存在することが確認できた。
1.CAM-8の製造
ニッケルコバルトアルミニウム複合水酸化物1と水酸化リチウム一水和物粉末を、モル比がLi/(Ni+Co+Al)=1.10となる割合で秤量して混合した。
その後、さらに酸素雰囲気下720℃で6時間焼成し、焼成品を得た。
その後、水洗し、150℃で12時間の条件で減圧乾燥し、CAM-8を得た。
CAM-8の組成分析を行ったところ、a=0.004、y=0.09、z=0.03、w=0.01であり、元素XはNbであり、元素MはAlであった。また、間隙に相当する領域に元素Xの存在を確認した。CAM-8に対してXAFS解析を実施したところ、Li-X化合物であるニオブ酸リチウムの形成が確認された。このため、Li-X化合物が少なくとも間隙に存在することが確認できた。
1.CAM-9の製造
ニッケルコバルトアルミニウム複合水酸化物1と水酸化リチウム一水和物粉末を、モル比がLi/(Ni+Co+Al)=1.10となる割合で秤量して混合した。
その後、さらに酸素雰囲気下720℃で6時間本焼成した。
CAM-9の組成分析を行ったところ、a=0.028、y=0.089、z=0.026、w=0であり、元素Xは含まれず、元素MはAlであった。
Claims (10)
- リチウム金属複合酸化物と、Liと元素Xとを含むLi-X化合物と、を備えるリチウム二次電池用正極活物質であって、
前記Li-X化合物はリチウムイオン導電性を有する酸化物であり、
前記リチウム金属複合酸化物は、一次粒子の凝集体である二次粒子を含み、前記二次粒子は、一次粒子同士の間に間隙を有し、前記Li-X化合物は、少なくとも前記間隙に存在し、前記元素Xは、Nb、W及びMoからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素であり、前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質は下記(A)を満たす、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
4.95≦LA/Lav ・・・(A)
((A)中、LAは、CuKα線で測定した前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の粉末X線回折の回折パターンにおいて、2θ=18.5±1°の範囲内の最大の回折ピークから算出する結晶子径である。
Lavは、前記回折パターンにおいて2θ=10°以上90°以下の範囲内に含まれる回折パターンから算出する平均結晶子径である。) - 前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の50%累積体積粒度であるD50は3μm以上20μm以下である、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質のBET比表面積が0.2m2/g以上2.5m2/g以下である、請求項1又は2に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
- 下記組成式(I)で表される、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
Li[Lia(Ni(1-y-z-w)CoyMzXw)1-a]O2 ・・・(I)
(組成式(I)中、MはMn、Fe、Cu、Ti、Mg、Al、Zn、Sn、Zr、Ga、B、Si、S及びPからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素であり、XはNb、W及びMoからなる群より選択される1種以上の元素であり、組成式(I)は、-0.1≦a≦0.2、0≦y≦0.5、0<z≦0.7、0<w≦0.1、及びy+z+w<1を満たす。) - D10、D90及びD50が下記(B)を満たす、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
(D90-D50)/(D50-D10)≦2.0 ・・・(B)
((B)中、D10は前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の10%累積体積粒度である。D50は前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の50%累積体積粒度である。D90は前記リチウム二次電池用正極活物質の90%累積体積粒度である。) - 前記Lavは80Å以上150Å以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記LAは500Å以上700Å以下である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
- 前記BET比表面積が1.5m2/g以上である、請求項3に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極活物質を含むリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 請求項9に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極を有するリチウム二次電池。
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/293,670 US20250006913A1 (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2022-07-27 | Positive electrode active material for lithium secondary battery, positive electrode for lithium secondary battery, and lithium secondary battery |
| KR1020247005550A KR20240038747A (ko) | 2021-08-03 | 2022-07-27 | 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 활물질, 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021-127566 | 2021-08-03 | ||
| JP2021127566A JP7157219B1 (ja) | 2021-08-03 | 2021-08-03 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023013494A1 true WO2023013494A1 (ja) | 2023-02-09 |
Family
ID=83688408
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2022/028930 Ceased WO2023013494A1 (ja) | 2021-08-03 | 2022-07-27 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250006913A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7157219B1 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20240038747A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2023013494A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024224977A1 (ja) | 2023-04-28 | 2024-10-31 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、非水電解質二次電池用正極、非水電解質二次電池、および非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
| WO2024224960A1 (ja) | 2023-04-28 | 2024-10-31 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、非水電解質二次電池用正極、非水電解質二次電池、および非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7454642B1 (ja) | 2022-12-22 | 2024-03-22 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム金属複合酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014051089A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-03 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | ニッケルコバルト複合水酸化物とその製造方法および製造装置、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| WO2014192759A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 正極活物質 |
| JP2018098218A (ja) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-21 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
| WO2018123951A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6578634B2 (ja) | 2013-11-22 | 2019-09-25 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質及びこれを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP7310155B2 (ja) | 2018-09-21 | 2023-07-19 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極合剤ペーストおよびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
-
2021
- 2021-08-03 JP JP2021127566A patent/JP7157219B1/ja active Active
-
2022
- 2022-07-27 US US18/293,670 patent/US20250006913A1/en active Pending
- 2022-07-27 WO PCT/JP2022/028930 patent/WO2023013494A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-07-27 KR KR1020247005550A patent/KR20240038747A/ko active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014051089A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-03 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | ニッケルコバルト複合水酸化物とその製造方法および製造装置、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| WO2014192759A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-04 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 正極活物質 |
| JP2018098218A (ja) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-21 | 住友化学株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
| WO2018123951A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024224977A1 (ja) | 2023-04-28 | 2024-10-31 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、非水電解質二次電池用正極、非水電解質二次電池、および非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
| WO2024224960A1 (ja) | 2023-04-28 | 2024-10-31 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、非水電解質二次電池用正極、非水電解質二次電池、および非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2023022605A (ja) | 2023-02-15 |
| US20250006913A1 (en) | 2025-01-02 |
| KR20240038747A (ko) | 2024-03-25 |
| JP7157219B1 (ja) | 2022-10-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP7070418B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| KR101948321B1 (ko) | 정극 활성 물질 전구체 입자 분말 및 정극 활성 물질 입자 분말, 및 비수전해질 이차 전지 | |
| CN110392950A (zh) | 非水系电解质二次电池用正极活性物质和其制造方法、和非水系电解质二次电池 | |
| JP7110611B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の評価方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| WO2023013494A1 (ja) | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 | |
| JP5884084B2 (ja) | 負極活物質、蓄電デバイス及び負極活物質の製造方法 | |
| JP6737153B2 (ja) | ニッケルコバルトマンガン複合水酸化物、ニッケルコバルトマンガン複合水酸化物の製造方法、リチウム金属複合酸化物粒子 | |
| JP7338133B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質前駆体、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質前駆体の製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
| JP7206819B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、及び、リチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| KR102533325B1 (ko) | 리튬 전이 금속 복합 산화물 및 제조 방법 | |
| WO2022265016A1 (ja) | リチウム金属複合酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 | |
| EP4347496A1 (en) | Lithium nickel-based composite oxide as a positive electrode active material for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries | |
| JP7359911B1 (ja) | 前駆体及びリチウム二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
| US20260008698A1 (en) | Metal composite compound, method for producing metal composite compound, and method for producing positive electrode active material for lithium secondary battery | |
| JP7454642B1 (ja) | リチウム金属複合酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 | |
| WO2023112876A1 (ja) | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 | |
| WO2023106274A1 (ja) | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 | |
| WO2023106336A1 (ja) | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 | |
| CN120435443A (zh) | 锂金属复合氧化物、锂二次电池用正极活性物质、锂二次电池用正极及锂二次电池 | |
| WO2024014557A1 (ja) | 金属複合化合物及びリチウム二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
| WO2023106311A1 (ja) | リチウム金属複合酸化物、リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 | |
| KR20250124297A (ko) | 금속 복합 화합물 분말 및 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 활물질의 제조 방법 | |
| JP2025093902A (ja) | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質及びそれを含むリチウム二次電池 | |
| WO2023106313A1 (ja) | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質、リチウム二次電池用正極及びリチウム二次電池 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22852917 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18293670 Country of ref document: US |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20247005550 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 22852917 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |