WO2023013390A1 - 固体電解質材料およびそれを用いた電池 - Google Patents
固体電解質材料およびそれを用いた電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023013390A1 WO2023013390A1 PCT/JP2022/027920 JP2022027920W WO2023013390A1 WO 2023013390 A1 WO2023013390 A1 WO 2023013390A1 JP 2022027920 W JP2022027920 W JP 2022027920W WO 2023013390 A1 WO2023013390 A1 WO 2023013390A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G25/00—Compounds of zirconium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/14—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/18—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with solid electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
- H01M2300/008—Halides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to solid electrolyte materials and batteries using the same.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an all-solid battery using a sulfide solid electrolyte.
- Patent Document 2 discloses LiBF 4 as a fluoride solid electrolyte material.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a solid electrolyte material with improved heat resistance.
- the solid electrolyte material of the present disclosure is A solid electrolyte material comprising a crystalline phase containing Li, Zr, Al, and F,
- the X-ray diffraction pattern of the solid electrolyte material obtained by X-ray structural analysis using Cu-K ⁇ rays there are at least two peaks in the first range of diffraction angles 2 ⁇ from 21.2° to 23.5°; there are at least two peaks in the second range of diffraction angles 2-theta from 29.3° to 31.8°; and, There are at least two peaks in the third range of diffraction angles 2 ⁇ from 37° to 40.3°.
- the present disclosure provides a solid electrolyte material with improved heat resistance.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a battery 1000 according to a second embodiment.
- 2 is a diagram showing X-ray diffraction patterns of solid electrolyte materials according to Examples 1 to 3 and Reference Example 1.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a pressure forming die 300 used to evaluate the ionic conductivity of solid electrolyte materials.
- 4 is a graph showing a Cole-Cole plot obtained by impedance measurement of the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the conductivity retention after heat treatment of the solid electrolyte materials according to Examples 1 to 3 and Reference Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the initial discharge characteristics of the batteries according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1;
- a crystalline phase comprising solid electrolyte material Li, Zr, Al, and F according to the first embodiment.
- the X-ray diffraction pattern of the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment obtained by X-ray structural analysis using Cu—K ⁇ rays, at least 2 and at least two peaks in a second range of diffraction angles 2-theta from 29.3° to 31.8°, and a third range of diffraction angles 2-theta from 37° to 40.3°. , there are at least two peaks.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment has high heat resistance.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment has high heat resistance by containing the crystal phase.
- the angle of the peak is the angle that indicates the maximum intensity of the mountain-shaped portion having an SN ratio of 1.5 or more and a half width of 3° or less.
- the half-value width is the width represented by the difference between two diffraction angles at which the intensity is half the value of IMAX , where IMAX is the maximum intensity of the peak.
- SNR is the ratio of signal S to background noise N.
- the crystal phase is not limited to a specific crystal structure, but includes, for example, the following crystal structures.
- More than half of the cations other than Li constituting the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may have an anion coordination number of 6 in the crystal structure. That is, half or more of the cations other than Li constituting the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may be hexacoordinated. In the crystal structure, it is possible to determine, for example, by Rietveld analysis based on the X-ray diffraction profile that the coordination number of the anion in more than half of the cations other than Li is 6.
- All the cations other than Li that constitute the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may have an anion coordination number of 6 in the crystal structure.
- LAF structure a crystal structure having a composition represented by Li3AlF6 .
- Li 3 AlF 6 structure a crystal structure of Li 3 AlF 6
- Li 3 AlF 6 structure a crystal structure of Li 3 AlF 6
- the LAF structure can be classified as a Zn 4 Ta 2 O 9 structure belonging to space group C2/c. have Its detailed atomic arrangement is listed in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) (ICSD No. 25226).
- ICSD Inorganic Crystal Structure Database
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may contain a heterogeneous crystal phase having a crystal structure different from that of the above crystal phase.
- strain may be introduced into the structure due to the coexistence of a plurality of Zr and Al ions with different ionic radii in the crystal structure.
- a region in which the potential of Li becomes unstable is generated. This forms a path through which lithium ions diffuse.
- the inclusion of Zr with a large valence results in a composition lacking Li, thereby forming unoccupied sites and facilitating the conduction of lithium ions. Therefore, the lithium ion conductivity can be further improved.
- the process of producing all-solid-state batteries using solid-state electrolyte materials often includes a process in which heat is applied. Specifically, for example, a step of drying the coated slurry, or a step of heating and pressing in order to improve the contact between the particles can be mentioned. Therefore, it is desirable that the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment is stable up to about 250.degree. By forming a crystal structure such as the above-mentioned crystal phase, the structure becomes strong and the stability against heat can be improved.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment can be used to obtain batteries with excellent charge/discharge characteristics.
- An example of such a battery is an all solid state battery.
- the all-solid-state battery may be a primary battery or a secondary battery.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment desirably does not contain sulfur.
- a sulfur-free solid electrolyte material does not generate hydrogen sulfide even when exposed to the atmosphere, and is therefore excellent in safety.
- the sulfide solid electrolyte disclosed in Patent Document 1 can generate hydrogen sulfide when exposed to the atmosphere.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment contains F, it can have high oxidation resistance. This is because F has a high redox potential. On the other hand, since F has high electronegativity, it has a relatively strong bond with Li. As a result, solid electrolyte materials containing Li and F typically have low lithium ion conductivity. For example, LiBF 4 disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a low ionic conductivity of 6.67 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 S/cm. In contrast, the solid electrolyte material according to Embodiment 1 can have an ionic conductivity of, for example, 7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 S/cm or more by containing Zr and Al in addition to Li and F.
- the X-ray diffraction pattern of the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment was obtained by X It can be obtained by line diffraction measurements.
- At least two peaks may exist in the fourth range of diffraction angles 2 ⁇ from 15° to 20°.
- a solid electrolyte material having such a crystal phase has even higher heat resistance.
- the crystal phase contained in the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may have a Li 3 AlF 6 structure or a distorted Li 3 AlF 6 structure.
- the structure in which the Li 3 AlF 6 structure is distorted refers to a structure in which the arrangement of anions is disturbed due to, for example, mixing of cations having different ionic radii.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may contain anions other than F in order to increase the ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte material.
- anions are Cl, Br, I, O or Se.
- the ratio of the amount of F to the total amount of anions constituting the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment is 0.50 or more and 1.0 or less. good too.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may consist essentially of Li, Zr, Al, and F.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment consists essentially of Li, Zr, Al, and F
- the ratio (ie, mole fraction) may be 95% or greater.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may consist of Li, Zr, Al, and F only.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may contain elements that are unavoidably mixed. Examples of such elements are hydrogen, oxygen or nitrogen. Such elements can be present in the raw powder of the solid electrolyte material or in the atmosphere for manufacturing or storing the solid electrolyte material.
- the ratio of the amount of Li substance to the total amount of Zr and Al is 1.12 or more and 5.07 or less. There may be.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may contain a crystal phase represented by the following compositional formula (1).
- 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1 and 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.5 are satisfied.
- a solid electrolyte material containing such a crystal phase has high ionic conductivity.
- the upper and lower limits of the range of x in formula (1) are 0.01, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.5, 0.7, 0.8, 0.95, and 0 It can be defined by any combination of numbers selected from 0.99.
- 0.7 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.3 may be satisfied, and 0.9 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.04 may be satisfied in formula (1).
- the upper and lower limits of the range of b in formula (1) are 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 0.96, 1, 1.04, 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3. can be defined by any combination selected from the numerical values of
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may be Li2.5Zr0.5Al0.5F6 , Li2.8Zr0.2Al0.8F6 , or Li2.9Zr0.1Al0.9F6 .
- the shape of the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment is not limited. Examples of such shapes are acicular, spherical, or ellipsoidal.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may be particles.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment may have the shape of pellets or plates.
- the solid electrolyte material may have a median diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less. It may have a median diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less. Thereby, the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment and other materials (eg, active material) can be well dispersed.
- the median diameter means the particle size at which the cumulative deposition is 50% in the volume-based particle size distribution.
- the volume-based particle size distribution is measured by, for example, a laser diffraction measurement device or an image analysis device.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment is produced, for example, by the following method.
- a plurality of raw material powders of halides weighed so as to have the desired composition and an organic solvent are mixed in a mixing device.
- the desired composition is Li2.8Zr0.2Al0.8F6 , LiF, ZrF4 , and AlF3 are provided in molar ratios of the order of 2.8:0.2:0.8.
- Raw material powders may be prepared in pre-adjusted molar ratios to compensate for possible compositional changes in the synthesis process.
- the raw material powder and the organic solvent are put into a mixing device such as a planetary ball mill, and mixed while pulverizing. That is, a treatment using a wet ball mill is performed.
- the raw material powder may be mixed before being charged into the mixing device.
- the particles are separated from the slurry, and the particles are dispersed.
- the slurry is dried at a temperature that corresponds to the boiling point of the organic solvent used, and the resulting solid is ground in a mortar to obtain the reactant .
- the reactants may be fired in vacuum or in an inert atmosphere. Firing is performed at, for example, 100° C. or higher and 300° C. or lower for 1 hour or longer. In order to suppress composition change during firing, firing may be performed in a sealed container such as a quartz tube.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment is obtained by treating the mixture containing the raw material composition containing the constituent components of the solid electrolyte material and the solvent with a wet ball mill.
- the solvent used in the wet ball mill may be at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ -butyrolactone, propylene carbonate, butyl acetate, ethanol, dimethylsulfoxide, and tetralin. From the perspective of the dielectric constant of the solvent, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) may be used as the solvent.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- a battery according to the second embodiment includes a positive electrode, an electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode.
- the electrolyte layer is provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of the positive electrode, the electrolyte layer, and the negative electrode contains the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment.
- the battery according to the second embodiment contains the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment, it has excellent charge/discharge characteristics.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a battery 1000 according to the second embodiment.
- a battery 1000 according to the second embodiment includes a positive electrode 201 , an electrolyte layer 202 and a negative electrode 203 .
- Electrolyte layer 202 is provided between positive electrode 201 and negative electrode 203 .
- a positive electrode 201 contains a positive electrode active material 204 and a solid electrolyte 100 .
- the electrolyte layer 202 contains an electrolyte material.
- the negative electrode 203 contains a negative electrode active material 205 and a solid electrolyte 100 .
- the solid electrolyte 100 includes, for example, the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment.
- the solid electrolyte 100 may be particles containing the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment as a main component.
- a particle containing the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment as a main component means a particle in which the component contained in the largest molar ratio is the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment.
- the solid electrolyte 100 may be particles made of the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment.
- the positive electrode 201 contains a material that can occlude and release metal ions (eg, lithium ions).
- the material is, for example, the positive electrode active material 204 .
- cathode active material 204 examples include lithium-containing transition metal oxides, transition metal fluorides, polyanions, fluorinated polyanion materials, transition metal sulfides, transition metal oxyfluorides, transition metal oxysulfides, or transition metal oxynitrides. be.
- lithium-containing transition metal oxides are Li(Ni,Co,Mn) O2 , Li(Ni,Co,Al) O2 or LiCoO2 .
- (A, B, C) means "at least one selected from the group consisting of A, B, and C.”
- the shape of the positive electrode active material 204 is not limited to a specific shape.
- the cathode active material 204 may be particles.
- the positive electrode active material 204 may have a median diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- positive electrode active material 204 and solid electrolyte 100 can be well dispersed in positive electrode 201 . Thereby, the charge/discharge characteristics of the battery 1000 are improved.
- the positive electrode active material 204 has a median diameter of 100 ⁇ m or less, the diffusion rate of lithium in the positive electrode active material 204 is improved. This allows battery 1000 to operate at high output.
- the positive electrode active material 204 may have a larger median diameter than the solid electrolyte 100 . Thereby, the positive electrode active material 204 and the solid electrolyte 100 can be well dispersed in the positive electrode 201 .
- the ratio of the volume of the positive electrode active material 204 to the total volume of the positive electrode active material 204 and the volume of the solid electrolyte 100 is 0.30 or more and 0.95. It may be below.
- a coating layer may be formed on at least part of the surface of the positive electrode active material 204 .
- a coating layer can be formed on the surface of the positive electrode active material 204, for example, before mixing with the conductive aid and the binder.
- coating materials contained in the coating layer are sulfide solid electrolytes, oxide solid electrolytes or halide solid electrolytes.
- the coating material may contain the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment in order to suppress oxidative decomposition of the sulfide solid electrolyte.
- the coating material may contain an oxide solid electrolyte in order to suppress oxidative decomposition of the solid electrolyte material.
- Lithium niobate which has excellent stability at high potentials, may be used as the oxide solid electrolyte. By suppressing oxidative decomposition, an overvoltage rise of the battery 1000 can be suppressed.
- the positive electrode 201 may have a thickness of 10 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the electrolyte layer 202 contains an electrolyte material.
- the electrolyte material is, for example, a solid electrolyte material.
- the solid electrolyte material may include the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment.
- the electrolyte layer 202 may be a solid electrolyte layer.
- the electrolyte layer 202 may contain 50% by mass or more of the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment.
- the electrolyte layer 202 may contain 70% by mass or more of the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment.
- the electrolyte layer 202 may contain 90% by mass or more of the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment.
- the electrolyte layer 202 may consist only of the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the first embodiment will be referred to as the first solid electrolyte material.
- a solid electrolyte material different from the first solid electrolyte material is referred to as a second solid electrolyte material.
- the electrolyte layer 202 may contain not only the first solid electrolyte material but also the second solid electrolyte material. In the electrolyte layer 202, the first solid electrolyte material and the second solid electrolyte material may be uniformly dispersed. A layer made of the first solid electrolyte material and a layer made of the second solid electrolyte material may be stacked along the stacking direction of battery 1000 .
- the battery according to the second embodiment may include the positive electrode 201, the second electrolyte layer, the first electrolyte layer, and the negative electrode 203 in this order.
- the solid electrolyte material contained in the first electrolyte layer may have a lower reduction potential than the solid electrolyte material contained in the second electrolyte layer.
- the solid electrolyte material contained in the second electrolyte layer can be used without being reduced.
- the charge/discharge efficiency of the battery 1000 can be improved.
- the first electrolyte layer may contain a sulfide solid electrolyte in order to suppress reductive decomposition of the solid electrolyte material.
- the second electrolyte layer may contain the first solid electrolyte material. Since the first solid electrolyte material has high oxidation resistance, it is possible to realize a battery with excellent charge/discharge characteristics.
- the electrolyte layer 202 may consist only of the second solid electrolyte material.
- the electrolyte layer 202 may have a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less. When the electrolyte layer 202 has a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more, the short circuit between the positive electrode 201 and the negative electrode 203 is less likely to occur. If the electrolyte layer 202 has a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m or less, the battery 1000 can operate at high power.
- Examples of the second solid electrolyte material are Li2MgX4 , Li2FeX4 , Li(Al,Ga,In) X4 , Li3 ( Al ,Ga,In) X6 , or LiI.
- X is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I.
- the electrolyte layer 202 may have a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less.
- the negative electrode 203 contains a material capable of intercalating and deintercalating metal ions (eg, lithium ions).
- the material is, for example, the negative electrode active material 205 .
- Examples of the negative electrode active material 205 are metal materials, carbon materials, oxides, nitrides, tin compounds, or silicon compounds.
- the metallic material may be a single metal or an alloy.
- Examples of metallic materials are lithium metal or lithium alloys.
- Examples of carbon materials are natural graphite, coke, ungraphitized carbon, carbon fibers, spherical carbon, artificial graphite, or amorphous carbon. From the viewpoint of capacity density, suitable examples of negative electrode active materials are silicon (ie, Si), tin (ie, Sn), silicon compounds, or tin compounds.
- the negative electrode active material 205 may be selected in consideration of the reduction resistance of the solid electrolyte material contained in the negative electrode 203 .
- the negative electrode active material 205 may be a material capable of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions at 0.27 V or higher with respect to lithium.
- examples of such negative electrode active materials are titanium oxide, indium metal, or lithium alloys.
- examples of titanium oxides are Li4Ti5O12 , LiTi2O4 , or TiO2 .
- the shape of the negative electrode active material 205 is not limited to a specific shape.
- the negative electrode active material 205 may be particles.
- the negative electrode active material 205 may have a median diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- negative electrode active material 205 and solid electrolyte 100 can be well dispersed in negative electrode 203 . Thereby, the charge/discharge characteristics of the battery 1000 are improved.
- the negative electrode active material 205 has a median diameter of 100 ⁇ m or less, the diffusion rate of lithium in the negative electrode active material 205 is improved. This allows battery 1000 to operate at high output.
- the negative electrode active material 205 may have a larger median diameter than the solid electrolyte 100 . Thereby, the negative electrode active material 205 and the solid electrolyte 100 can be well dispersed in the negative electrode 203 .
- the ratio of the volume of the negative electrode active material 205 to the total volume of the negative electrode active material 205 and the volume of the solid electrolyte 100 is 0.30 or more and 0.95. It may be below.
- the negative electrode 203 may have a thickness of 10 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of positive electrode 201, electrolyte layer 202, and negative electrode 203 contains a second solid electrolyte material for the purpose of enhancing ion conductivity, chemical stability, and electrochemical stability. may be
- the second solid electrolyte material may be a sulfide solid electrolyte.
- sulfide solid electrolytes are Li 2 SP 2 S 5 , Li 2 S-SiS 2 , Li 2 S-B 2 S 3 , Li 2 S-GeS 2 , Li 3.25 Ge 0.25 P 0.75 S 4 , or Li10GeP2S12 . _
- the negative electrode 203 may contain a sulfide solid electrolyte in order to suppress reductive decomposition of the solid electrolyte material.
- the contact of the first solid electrolyte material with the negative electrode active material can be suppressed. As a result, the internal resistance of battery 1000 can be reduced.
- the second solid electrolyte material may be an oxide solid electrolyte.
- oxide solid electrolytes are (i) NASICON-type solid electrolytes such as LiTi2 ( PO4 ) 3 or elemental substitutions thereof; (ii) perovskite-type solid electrolytes such as (LaLi) TiO3 ; (iii) LISICON -type solid electrolytes such as Li14ZnGe4O16 , Li4SiO4 , LiGeO4 or elemental substitutions thereof ; (iv) garnet- type solid electrolytes such as Li7La3Zr2O12 or its elemental substitutions, or ( v) Li3PO4 or its N substitutions, is.
- NASICON-type solid electrolytes such as LiTi2 ( PO4 ) 3 or elemental substitutions thereof
- perovskite-type solid electrolytes such as (LaLi) TiO3 ;
- LISICON -type solid electrolytes such as Li14ZnGe4O16 , Li4SiO4 , LiGeO4
- the second solid electrolyte material may be a halide solid electrolyte.
- halide solid electrolytes are Li2MgX4 , Li2FeX4 , Li(Al,Ga,In) X4 , Li3 ( Al ,Ga,In) X6 , or LiI.
- X is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I.
- halide solid electrolyte is the compound represented by LiaMebYcZ6 .
- Me is at least one selected from the group consisting of metal elements other than Li and Y and metalloid elements.
- Z is at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I;
- m represents the valence of Me.
- Simetallic elements are B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, and Te.
- Metallic element means all elements contained in Groups 1 to 12 of the periodic table (excluding hydrogen), and all elements contained in Groups 13 to 16 of the periodic table (however, , B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, C, N, P, O, S, and Se).
- Me is the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Sc, Al, Ga, Bi, Zr, Hf, Ti, Sn, Ta, and Nb to improve the ionic conductivity of the halide solid electrolyte. It may be at least one selected from.
- the halide solid electrolyte may be Li3YCl6 or Li3YBr6 .
- the second solid electrolyte material may be an organic polymer solid electrolyte.
- organic polymer solid electrolytes examples include polymeric compounds and lithium salt compounds.
- the polymer compound may have an ethylene oxide structure. Since a polymer compound having an ethylene oxide structure can contain a large amount of lithium salt, the ionic conductivity can be further increased.
- lithium salts are LiPF6 , LiBF4 , LiSbF6, LiAsF6 , LiSO3CF3 , LiN ( SO2CF3 ) 2 , LiN( SO2C2F5 ) 2 , LiN( SO2CF3 ) . ( SO2C4F9 ) , or LiC ( SO2CF3 )3 .
- One lithium salt selected from these may be used alone. Alternatively, a mixture of two or more lithium salts selected from these may be used.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of the positive electrode 201, the electrolyte layer 202, and the negative electrode 203 is composed of a non-aqueous electrolyte liquid, a gel electrolyte, or an ion in order to facilitate the transfer of lithium ions and improve the output characteristics of the battery. It may contain liquids.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte contains a non-aqueous solvent and a lithium salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent.
- non-aqueous solvents examples include cyclic carbonate solvents, chain carbonate solvents, cyclic ether solvents, chain ether solvents, cyclic ester solvents, chain ester solvents, or fluorine solvents.
- cyclic carbonate solvents are ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, or butylene carbonate.
- linear carbonate solvents are dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, or diethyl carbonate.
- examples of cyclic ether solvents are tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, or 1,3-dioxolane.
- Chain ether solvents are 1,2-dimethoxyethane or 1,2-diethoxyethane.
- An example of a cyclic ester solvent is ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- An example of a linear ester solvent is methyl acetate.
- fluorosolvents are fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl fluoropropionate, fluorobenzene, fluoroethyl methyl carbonate, or fluorodimethylene carbonate.
- One non-aqueous solvent selected from these may be used alone. Alternatively, a combination of two or more non-aqueous solvents selected from these may be used.
- lithium salts are LiPF6 , LiBF4 , LiSbF6, LiAsF6 , LiSO3CF3 , LiN ( SO2CF3 ) 2 , LiN( SO2C2F5 ) 2 , LiN( SO2CF3 ) . ( SO2C4F9 ) , or LiC ( SO2CF3 )3 .
- One lithium salt selected from these may be used alone. Alternatively, a mixture of two or more lithium salts selected from these may be used.
- the lithium salt concentration is, for example, in the range of 0.5 mol/L or more and 2 mol/L or less.
- a polymer material impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolyte can be used as the gel electrolyte.
- examples of polymeric materials are polyethylene oxide, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, or polymers with ethylene oxide linkages.
- ionic liquids examples include (i) aliphatic chain quaternary salts such as tetraalkylammonium or tetraalkylphosphonium; (ii) aliphatic cyclic ammoniums such as pyrrolidiniums, morpholiniums, imidazoliniums, tetrahydropyrimidiniums, piperaziniums, or piperidiniums; or (iii) nitrogen-containing heteroatoms such as pyridiniums or imidazoliums ring aromatic cations, is.
- aliphatic chain quaternary salts such as tetraalkylammonium or tetraalkylphosphonium
- aliphatic cyclic ammoniums such as pyrrolidiniums, morpholiniums, imidazoliniums, tetrahydropyrimidiniums, piperaziniums, or piperidiniums
- nitrogen-containing heteroatoms such as pyridin
- Examples of anions contained in the ionic liquid are PF 6 ⁇ , BF 4 ⁇ , SbF 6 ⁇ , AsF 6 ⁇ , SO 3 CF 3 ⁇ , N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ⁇ , N(SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2- , N ( SO2CF3 ) ( SO2C4F9 )- , or C( SO2CF3 ) 3- .
- the ionic liquid may contain a lithium salt.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of the positive electrode 201, the electrolyte layer 202, and the negative electrode 203 may contain a binder in order to improve adhesion between particles.
- binders include polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, aramid resin, polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid methyl ester, polyacrylic acid ethyl ester, Polyacrylic acid hexyl ester, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid methyl ester, polymethacrylic acid ethyl ester, polymethacrylic acid hexyl ester, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyether, polyether sulfone, hexafluoropolypropylene, styrene-butadiene rubber , or carboxymethyl cellulose.
- Copolymers can also be used as binders.
- binders are tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers, vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, ethylene, propylene, pentafluoropropylene, fluoromethyl vinyl ether, acrylic acid , and hexadiene.
- a mixture of two or more materials selected from these may be used as the binder.
- At least one selected from the positive electrode 201 and the negative electrode 203 may contain a conductive aid in order to improve electronic conductivity.
- Examples of conductive aids are (i) graphites such as natural or artificial graphite; (ii) carbon blacks such as acetylene black or ketjen black; (iii) conductive fibers such as carbon or metal fibers; (iv) carbon fluoride, (v) metal powders such as aluminum; (vi) conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide or potassium titanate; (vii) a conductive metal oxide such as titanium oxide, or (viii) a conductive polymeric compound such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, or polythiophene; is.
- the conductive aid (i) or (ii) may be used.
- Examples of the shape of the battery according to the second embodiment are coin-shaped, cylindrical, rectangular, sheet-shaped, button-shaped, flat-shaped, and laminated.
- a material for forming a positive electrode, a material for forming an electrolyte layer, and a material for forming a negative electrode are prepared, and the positive electrode, the electrolyte layer, and the negative electrode are arranged in this order by a known method. It may also be manufactured by making laminated laminates.
- Example 1> Preparation of solid electrolyte material
- These raw material powders were put into a 45 cc planetary ball mill pod together with 1 mm ⁇ balls (25 g).
- ⁇ -Butyrolactone (GBL) as an organic solvent was added dropwise to the pod so that the solid content ratio was 30%.
- the solid content ratio is calculated by ⁇ (mass of input raw material)/(mass of input raw material+mass of input solvent) ⁇ 100.
- a planetary ball mill was used for milling at 500 rpm for 12 hours. After milling, the balls were separated to obtain a slurry. The resulting slurry was dried at 200° C. for 1 hour under nitrogen flow using a mantle heater.
- a powder of the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1 was obtained by pulverizing the obtained solid material with a mortar.
- the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1 had a composition represented by Li2.5Zr0.5Al0.5F6 .
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing an X-ray diffraction pattern of the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1.
- FIG. 2 The results shown in Figure 2 were measured by the following method.
- the X-ray diffraction pattern of the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1 was measured using an X-ray diffractometer (MiniFlex 600, manufactured by RIGAKU) in a dry atmosphere having a dew point of -45°C or lower. Cu-K ⁇ rays (wavelengths 1.5405 ⁇ and 1.5444 ⁇ ) were used as the X-ray source. X-ray diffraction was measured by the ⁇ -2 ⁇ method.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a pressure forming die 300 used to evaluate the ionic conductivity of solid electrolyte materials.
- the pressure forming die 300 had a punch upper part 301 , a frame mold 302 and a punch lower part 303 .
- the frame mold 302 was made of insulating polycarbonate.
- Punch top 301 and punch bottom 303 were made of electronically conductive stainless steel.
- the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1 was evaluated by the following method.
- the inside of the pressure molding die 300 was filled with the powder of the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1. Inside the pressing die 300, a pressure of 400 MPa was applied to the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1 using the upper punch 301 and the lower punch 303. As shown in FIG.
- the upper punch 301 and lower punch 303 were connected to a potentiostat (BioLogic, VSP300) equipped with a frequency response analyzer.
- the punch upper part 301 was connected to the working electrode and the terminal for potential measurement.
- the punch bottom 303 was connected to the counter and reference electrodes.
- the impedance of the solid electrolyte material was measured by electrochemical impedance measurement at room temperature.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a Cole-Cole plot obtained by impedance measurement of the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1.
- the real value of the impedance at the measurement point where the absolute value of the phase of the complex impedance was the smallest was regarded as the resistance to ion conduction of the solid electrolyte material. See the arrow R SE shown in FIG. 4 for the real value.
- the ionic conductivity was calculated based on the following formula (2) using the resistance value.
- ⁇ (R SE ⁇ S/t) ⁇ 1 (2)
- ⁇ represents ionic conductivity.
- S represents the contact area of the solid electrolyte material with the punch upper part 301 (equal to the cross-sectional area of the hollow part of the frame mold 302 in FIG. 3).
- R SE represents the resistance value of the solid electrolyte material in impedance measurement.
- t represents the thickness of the solid electrolyte material (that is, the thickness of the layer formed from the solid electrolyte material powder 101 in FIG. 3).
- the ionic conductivity retention rates of the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1 after heat treatment at 200°C and 250°C were 104.2% and 87.5%, respectively.
- Li 3 PS 4 (57.41 mg), the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1 (26 mg), and the positive electrode mixture (9.1 mg) were laminated in this order. was done.
- a pressure of 300 MPa was applied to the obtained laminate to form a first electrolyte layer, a second electrolyte layer, and a positive electrode. That is, the second electrolyte layer formed from the solid electrolyte material according to Example 1 was sandwiched between the first electrolyte layer and the positive electrode.
- the thicknesses of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer were 450 ⁇ m and 150 ⁇ m, respectively.
- metal Li (thickness: 200 ⁇ m) was laminated on the first electrolyte layer.
- current collectors made of stainless steel were attached to the positive and negative electrodes, and current collecting leads were attached to the current collectors.
- Example 1 a battery according to Example 1 was obtained.
- (Charging and discharging test) 6 is a graph showing the initial discharge characteristics of the battery according to Example 1.
- FIG. Initial charge/discharge characteristics were measured by the following method.
- the battery according to Example 1 was placed in a constant temperature bath at 85°C.
- a cell according to Example 1 was charged at a current density of 13.5 ⁇ A/cm 2 until a voltage of 4.2 V was reached. This current density corresponds to a 0.01C rate.
- Example 1 The cell according to Example 1 was then discharged at a current density of 13.5 ⁇ A/cm 2 until a voltage of 2.5 V was reached.
- the battery according to Example 1 had an initial discharge capacity of 865 ⁇ Ah.
- Solid electrolyte materials according to Examples 2 and 3 were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above matters.
- the X-ray diffraction patterns of the solid electrolyte materials of Examples 2 and 3 substantially matched the peaks derived from the LAF structure.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the conductivity retention after heat treatment of the solid electrolyte materials according to Examples 2 and 3.
- the solid electrolyte material according to Reference Example 1 was produced by a dry ball mill without using an organic solvent.
- the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte material according to Reference Example 1 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the ionic conductivity measured at 25° C. was 8.86 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 S/cm.
- Example 1 Using the solid electrolyte material according to Reference Example 1, the crystal structure was analyzed and heat resistance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the solid electrolyte material according to Reference Example 1 mainly had an amorphous phase, and no peaks consistent with the LAF structure were observed. That is, the X-ray diffraction pattern of the solid electrolyte material according to Reference Example 1 has "at least two peaks in the first range of diffraction angles 2 ⁇ from 21.2° to 23.5°, There are at least two peaks in a second range of diffraction angles 2-theta of .8 degrees and at least two peaks in a third range of diffraction angles 2-theta from 37 degrees to 40.3 degrees.” did not have
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the conductivity retention rate of the solid electrolyte material according to Reference Example 1 after heat treatment.
- the retention of ionic conductivity after heat treatment at 200° C. and 250° C. was 3.7% and 2.4%, respectively.
- Example 1 The ionic conductivity was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 using LiBF 4 as the solid electrolyte material. As a result, the ionic conductivity measured at 25° C. was 6.67 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 S/cm.
- a battery according to Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the solid electrolyte material according to Comparative Example 1 was used as the positive electrode mixture and the solid electrolyte used for the electrolyte layer.
- Example 6 is a graph showing the initial discharge characteristics of the battery according to Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. As a result, the initial discharge capacity of the battery according to Comparative Example 1 was 0.01 ⁇ Ah or less. That is, the battery according to Comparative Example 1 was neither charged nor discharged.
- the solid electrolyte materials according to Examples 1 to 3 have an ionic conductivity of 7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 S/cm or more at room temperature.
- the solid electrolyte materials according to Examples 1 to 3 had high ionic conductivity retention rates compared to Reference Example 1, which has an amorphous phase. That is, the solid electrolyte materials according to Examples 1 to 3 had high heat resistance.
- the solid electrolyte materials according to Examples 1 and 2 which have at least two peaks in the range of diffraction angles 2 ⁇ from 15° to 20° in their X-ray diffraction patterns, are the solid electrolyte materials according to Example 3, which do not have two peaks in this range. It has higher heat resistance than the electrolyte material.
- the solid electrolyte material according to the present disclosure has high lithium ion conductivity, has heat resistance that can be expected to be stable against the heat applied during the process of making a battery, and can be charged and discharged satisfactorily. suitable for providing a viable battery.
- the solid electrolyte material of the present disclosure is used, for example, in all-solid lithium ion secondary batteries.
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Abstract
Description
Li、Zr、Al、およびFを含む結晶相を含む固体電解質材料であって、
Cu-Kα線を用いたX線構造解析によって得られる前記固体電解質材料のX線回折パターンにおいて、
21.2°から23.5°の回折角2θの第1範囲に、少なくとも2つのピークが存在し、
29.3°から31.8°の回折角2θの第2範囲に、少なくとも2つのピークが存在し、
かつ、
37°から40.3°の回折角2θの第3範囲に、少なくとも2つのピークが存在する。
第1実施形態による固体電解質材料Li、Zr、Al、およびFを含む結晶相を含む。Cu-Kα線を用いたX線構造解析によって得られる第1実施形態による固体電解質材料のX線回折パターンにおいて、21.2°から23.5°の回折角2θの第1範囲に、少なくとも2つのピークが存在し、29.3°から31.8°の回折角2θの第2範囲に、少なくとも2つのピークが存在し、かつ、37°から40.3°の回折角2θの第3範囲に、少なくとも2つのピークが存在する。
式(1)において、0<x<1、および、0<b≦1.5が充足される。このような結晶相を含有する固体電解質材料は、高いイオン伝導度を有する。
第1実施形態による固体電解質材料は、例えば、下記の方法により製造される。
以下、第2実施形態が説明される。第1実施形態において説明された事項は、適宜、省略される。
(i)LiTi2(PO4)3またはその元素置換体のようなNASICON型固体電解質、
(ii)(LaLi)TiO3のようなペロブスカイト型固体電解質、
(iii)Li14ZnGe4O16、Li4SiO4、LiGeO4またはその元素置換体のようなLISICON型固体電解質、
(iv)Li7La3Zr2O12またはその元素置換体のようなガーネット型固体電解質、または
(v)Li3PO4またはそのN置換体、
である。
(i)テトラアルキルアンモニウムまたはテトラアルキルホスホニウムのような脂肪族鎖状4級塩類、
(ii)ピロリジニウム類、モルホリニウム類、イミダゾリニウム類、テトラヒドロピリミジニウム類、ピペラジニウム類、またはピペリジニウム類のような脂肪族環状アンモニウム、または
(iii)ピリジニウム類またはイミダゾリウム類のような含窒素ヘテロ環芳香族カチオン、
である。
(i)天然黒鉛または人造黒鉛のようなグラファイト類、
(ii)アセチレンブラックまたはケッチェンブラックのようなカーボンブラック類、
(iii)炭素繊維または金属繊維のような導電性繊維類、
(iv)フッ化カーボン、
(v)アルミニウムのような金属粉末類、
(vi)酸化亜鉛またはチタン酸カリウムのような導電性ウィスカー類、
(vii)酸化チタンのような導電性金属酸化物、または
(viii)ポリアニリン、ポリピロール、またはポリチオフェンのような導電性高分子化合物、
である。低コスト化のために、上記(i)または(ii)の導電助剤が使用されてもよい。
(固体電解質材料の作製)
-60℃以下の露点を有するアルゴン雰囲気(以下、「乾燥アルゴン雰囲気」という)中で、原料粉としてLiF、ZrF4、およびAlF3が、LiF:ZrF4:AlF3=2.5:0.5:0.5のモル比となるように用意された。これらの原料粉は、1mmΦのボール(25g)とともに、45ccの遊星型ボールミル用のポッドに投入された。当該ポッドに、有機溶媒としてγ-ブチロラクトン(GBL)を固形分比率が30%となるように滴下した。ここで、固形分比率とは、{(投入原料の質量)/(投入原料の質量+投入溶媒の質量)}×100で算出される。遊星型ボールミルを用い、12時間、500rpmでミリング処理した。ミリング処理後、ボールを分離してスラリーが得られた。得られたスラリーを、マントルヒーターを用いて、窒素フロー下、200℃で1時間、乾燥した。得られた固体物を乳鉢で粉砕することによって、実施例1による固体電解質材料の粉末が得られた。実施例1による固体電解質材料は、Li2.5Zr0.5Al0.5F6により表される組成を有していた。
図2は、実施例1による固体電解質材料のX線回折パターンを示すグラフである。図2に示される結果は、下記の方法により測定された。
図3は、固体電解質材料のイオン伝導度を評価するために用いられた加圧成形ダイス300の模式図を示す。
ここで、σは、イオン伝導度を表す。Sは、固体電解質材料のパンチ上部301との接触面積(図3において、枠型302の中空部の断面積に等しい)を表す。RSEは、インピーダンス測定における固体電解質材料の抵抗値を表す。tは、固体電解質材料の厚み(すなわち、図3において、固体電解質材料の粉末101から形成される層の厚み)を表す。
乾燥アルゴン雰囲気中で、2つのアルミナるつぼのそれぞれに実施例1による固体電解質材料を入れ、一方は200℃で1時間、もう一方は250℃で1時間、熱処理を行った。熱処理後に得られた固体物を必要に応じて乳鉢で粉砕し、熱処理後の粉末試料を得た。得られた粉末試料のイオン伝導度は、上記の(イオン伝導度の評価)で説明された方法と同様にして、評価された。次いで、{(熱処理後のイオン伝導度)/(熱処理前のイオン伝導度)}×100という数式に基づいて、熱処理後のイオン伝導度の維持率を算出した。図5は、実施例1による固体電解質材料の熱処理後の伝導度維持率を示すグラフである。
乾燥アルゴン雰囲気中で、実施例1による固体電解質材料および活物質であるLiCoO2が、30:70の体積比率となるように用意された。これらの材料がメノウ乳鉢中で混合された。このようにして、正極混合物が得られた。
図6は、実施例1による電池の初期放電特性を示すグラフである。初期充放電特性は、下記の方法により測定された。
(固体電解質材料の作製)
実施例2においては、原料粉としてLiF、ZrF4、およびAlF3が、LiF:ZrF4:AlF3=2.8:0.2:0.8のモル比となるように用意された。
実施例2および3による固体電解質材料のX線回折パターンは、実施例1と同様にして、測定された。その結果は、図2および表2に示される。
実施例2および3による固体電解質材料のイオン伝導度は、実施例1と同様にして、測定された。その結果は、表1に示される。
実施例2および3による固体電解質材料の耐熱性は、実施例1と同様にして、評価された。実施例2および3による固体電解質材料のイオン伝導度維持率は、表1に示される。図5は、実施例2および3による固体電解質材料の熱処理後の伝導度維持率を示すグラフである。
実施例2および3による固体電解質材料を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、実施例2および3による電池が得られた。
乾燥アルゴン雰囲気中で、原料粉としてLiF、ZrF4、およびAlF3が、LiF:ZrF4:AlF3=2.5:0.5:0.5のモル比となるように用意された。これらの原料粉は、乳鉢中で粉砕され、混合された。得られた混合粉は、遊星型ボールミルを用い、12時間、500rpmでミリング処理された。このようにして、参考例1による固体電解質材料が得られた。
固体電解質材料としてLiBF4を用い、実施例1と同様にして、イオン伝導度を測定した。その結果、25℃で測定されたイオン伝導度は、6.67×10-9S/cmであった。
実施例1から3による固体電解質材料は、室温において、7×10-9S/cm以上のイオン伝導性を有する。
101 固体電解質材料の粉末
201 正極
202 電解質層
203 負極
204 正極活物質
205 負極活物質
300 加圧成形ダイス
301 パンチ上部
302 枠型
303 パンチ下部
1000 電池
Claims (7)
- Li、Zr、Al、およびFを含む結晶相を含む固体電解質材料であって、
Cu-Kα線を用いたX線構造解析によって得られる前記固体電解質材料のX線回折パターンにおいて、
21.2°から23.5°の回折角2θの第1範囲に、少なくとも2つのピークが存在し、
29.3°から31.8°の回折角2θの第2範囲に、少なくとも2つのピークが存在し、
かつ、
37°から40.3°の回折角2θの第3範囲に、少なくとも2つのピークが存在する、
固体電解質材料。 - 前記固体電解質材料を構成するLi以外のカチオンの半数以上は、結晶構造中におけるアニオンの配位数が6である、
請求項1に記載の固体電解質材料。 - 前記結晶相は、Li3AlF6構造、または、Li3AlF6構造が歪んだ構造を有する、請求項1または2に記載の固体電解質材料。
- 前記結晶相は、以下の組成式(1)により表され、
Li6-(4-x)b(Zr1-xAlx)bF6 ・・・(1)
ここで、0<x<1、および、0<b≦1.5が充足される、
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の固体電解質材料。 - 前記組成式(1)において、0.5≦x≦0.9が充足される、
請求項4に記載の固体電解質材料。 - 前記X線回折パターンにおいて、
15°から20°の回折角2θの第4範囲に、少なくとも2つのピークが存在する、
請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の固体電解質材料。 - 正極、
負極、および
前記正極および前記負極の間に設けられている電解質層、
を備え、
前記正極、前記負極、および前記電解質層からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つは、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の固体電解質材料を含有する、
電池。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025069384A1 (ja) * | 2023-09-29 | 2025-04-03 | 国立大学法人名古屋工業大学 | 電池 |
| WO2025069383A1 (ja) * | 2023-09-29 | 2025-04-03 | 国立大学法人名古屋工業大学 | 電池 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20130071745A1 (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2013-03-21 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electrode active material, preparation method thereof, and electrode and lithium battery containing the same |
| US20180097229A1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Negative active material, lithium secondary battery including the material, and method of manufacturing the material |
| WO2019187943A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | フッ化物イオン二次電池用負極活物質、当該活物質を用いた負極、およびフッ化物イオン二次電池、並びに当該活物質の製造方法 |
| JP2021509522A (ja) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-03-25 | セイケム インコーポレイテッド | オニウム金属酸化フッ化物前駆体を介した、Liイオンバッテリ用カソードセラミック粒子上のLimMOxFyシェル形成 |
| CN112670563A (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-16 | 广东微电新能源有限公司 | 固体电解质材料及其制备方法、固态电池 |
-
2022
- 2022-07-15 WO PCT/JP2022/027920 patent/WO2023013390A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-07-15 JP JP2023540226A patent/JPWO2023013390A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-07-15 CN CN202280049811.3A patent/CN117642830A/zh active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-01-21 US US18/418,296 patent/US20240170718A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130071745A1 (en) * | 2011-09-19 | 2013-03-21 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electrode active material, preparation method thereof, and electrode and lithium battery containing the same |
| US20180097229A1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Negative active material, lithium secondary battery including the material, and method of manufacturing the material |
| JP2021509522A (ja) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-03-25 | セイケム インコーポレイテッド | オニウム金属酸化フッ化物前駆体を介した、Liイオンバッテリ用カソードセラミック粒子上のLimMOxFyシェル形成 |
| WO2019187943A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | フッ化物イオン二次電池用負極活物質、当該活物質を用いた負極、およびフッ化物イオン二次電池、並びに当該活物質の製造方法 |
| CN112670563A (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-16 | 广东微电新能源有限公司 | 固体电解质材料及其制备方法、固态电池 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2025069384A1 (ja) * | 2023-09-29 | 2025-04-03 | 国立大学法人名古屋工業大学 | 電池 |
| WO2025069383A1 (ja) * | 2023-09-29 | 2025-04-03 | 国立大学法人名古屋工業大学 | 電池 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2023013390A1 (ja) | 2023-02-09 |
| CN117642830A (zh) | 2024-03-01 |
| US20240170718A1 (en) | 2024-05-23 |
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