WO2022210162A1 - 触媒およびシクロペンテンの製造方法 - Google Patents
触媒およびシクロペンテンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07C2601/10—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a five-membered ring the ring being unsaturated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a catalyst and a method for producing cyclopentene.
- Cyclopentene (hereinafter abbreviated as "CPE") is a useful compound in the chemical industry. Used as a raw material compound. CPE can be produced by separate production of fractions of petroleum materials, but at the same time cyclopentadiene (hereinafter abbreviated as "CPD”) can also be obtained as a fraction contaminant. CPD can reduce the efficiency of various reactions using CPE as a raw material compound by degrading the catalyst. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of various reactions using CPE raw material compounds, CPD is reduced (hydrogenated) to be converted to CPE.
- CPD cyclopentadiene
- Methods for obtaining CPE by reducing CPD include (a) a method in which CPD, an aqueous ammonia solution, and Raney nickel are previously charged into a reactor and then hydrogen is supplied in a batch manner while stirring (Patent Document 1); b) CPD, ion-exchanged water, Raney nickel, and monoethanolamine are preliminarily put into a reactor and heated, then hydrogen is supplied to react in a batch system (Patent Document 2), (c) ion-exchanged water, A method is known in which after charging Raney nickel and monoethanolamine into a reactor, CPD and hydrogen are supplied while controlling the CPD concentration in the reaction liquid to be below a predetermined level (Patent Document 3).
- the above method (a) uses ammonia in order to obtain cyclopentene at a high yield, so there are disadvantages in terms of operation and complicated equipment.
- the yield decreases when the amount of catalyst is increased in order to shorten the reaction time, and in the above method (c), CPE is produced with high yield and high selectivity. Although it was obtained, the reaction rate was not sufficient, and there was a problem that the productivity was slightly inferior.
- the above method (d) has a problem in controlling the activity of Pd, and has a problem in that cyclopentane, which is a superhydrogenated product of CPD, is produced as a by-product.
- cyclopentane and CPE have boiling points close to each other and are extremely difficult to separate, so it was necessary to increase the selectivity in industrial production. Therefore, it is not possible to achieve both a high conversion rate from CPD to CPE and high selectivity for selectively producing CPE by suppressing the by-production of peroxides (cyclopentane), resulting in poor productivity. There was a problem.
- performing the method of reducing CPD to obtain CPE in the gas phase rather than in the liquid phase is advantageous from the viewpoint of improving productivity with a small number of equipment. Therefore, a high conversion rate from CPD to CPE, which is suitable for industrial production of CPE, and a high selectivity for selectively producing CPE by suppressing the by-production of superhydrogenated products (cyclopentane) are achieved.
- a method and a catalyst suitable for the hydrogenation reaction of CPD in the gas phase are desired.
- the present invention provides a catalyst that enables the hydrogenation reaction of CPD to CPE in the gas phase, which achieves both high conversion and high selectivity, and a catalyst in the gas phase that achieves both high conversion and high selectivity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing CPE in
- the present inventors have made intensive studies with the aim of solving the above problems. Then, the present inventors have found that a support composite in which palladium (Pd) is supported on an anatase type-containing titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support is used as a catalyst for the hydrogenation reaction from CPD to CPE in the gas phase. found that CPE can be produced with both high conversion and high selectivity, and completed the present invention.
- an object of the present invention is to advantageously solve the above problems, and the catalyst of the present invention is a catalyst used in a reaction for hydrogenating cyclopentadiene to produce cyclopentene in a gas phase. , palladium (Pd), and a titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) carrier, wherein the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) carrier comprises anatase type titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ).
- the content of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) with respect to the total weight of the catalyst is 85% by weight or more and 99.9% by weight or less; and (ii) the amount of palladium (Pd) with respect to the weight of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support.
- the content is preferably 0.1% by weight or more and 2% by weight or less.
- the content of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) with respect to the total weight of the catalyst is 95% by weight or more and 99.9% by weight or less; and (ii′) palladium (Pd) with respect to the weight of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support ) is more preferably 0.5% by weight or more and 1% by weight or less. If the contents of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and palladium (Pd) in the catalyst are within the above ranges, higher conversion and higher selectivity in the hydrogenation reaction can be obtained.
- titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) preferably has an anatase ratio of 80% or more. Furthermore, in the catalyst of the present invention, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) more preferably has an anatase ratio of 95% or more. A higher anatase ratio of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) results in higher conversion and higher selectivity in the hydrogenation reaction.
- the catalyst of the present invention preferably further contains sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ).
- SO 3 sulfur trioxide
- the content of sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) with respect to the total weight of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) in the catalyst is 0.1% by weight or more and 5.0% by weight or less. is more preferable. Higher selectivity in the hydrogenation reaction can be obtained by including sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) in the catalyst of the present invention.
- the method for producing cyclopentene of the present invention includes a step of hydrogenating cyclopentadiene in the gas phase to produce cyclopentene in the presence of the catalyst of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the performance of hydrogenation catalysts with different anatase ratios; 4 is a diagram (superposition) showing the performance of hydrogenation catalysts supporting palladium (Pd) on different supports.
- 1 is a diagram showing the performance of a hydrogenation catalyst in which palladium (Pd) is supported on a titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) carrier.
- TiO 2 titanium dioxide
- 1 is a diagram showing the performance of a hydrogenation catalyst in which palladium (Pd) is supported on an activated carbon carrier.
- 1 is a diagram showing the performance of a hydrogenation catalyst in which palladium (Pd) is supported on an aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) carrier.
- 1 is a diagram showing the performance of a hydrogenation catalyst in which palladium (Pd) is supported on a zinc oxide (ZnO) carrier.
- 1 is a diagram showing the performance of a hydrogenation catalyst in which palladium (Pd) is supported on a silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) carrier.
- the catalyst of the present invention is a catalyst used in the reaction of hydrogenating cyclopentadiene to produce cyclopentene in the gas phase, and contains palladium (Pd) and a titanium dioxide ( TiO 2 ) carrier. ) the carrier comprises anatase titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ). In addition, the catalyst of the present invention may optionally further contain other components. Such components include, for example, sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ).
- the catalyst of the present invention is usually a catalyst (supported catalyst) having a structure in which palladium (Pd) is supported on a carrier containing titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) as a main component.
- Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is the main component of the support. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) includes the anatase type as a crystal form.
- the anatase ratio of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved. It may be 50% or more, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 95% or more.
- the anatase ratio of titanium dioxide ( TiO2 ) can be measured using XRD.
- the basicity of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved. It may be 0.1 ⁇ mol/g or more. Basicity of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) can be measured using CO 2 -TPD.
- the acidity of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved. /g or less.
- the acidity of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) can be measured using NH 3 -TPD.
- the content of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) with respect to the total weight of the catalyst is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved, but is preferably 85% by weight or more, more preferably 95% by weight or more, It may be preferably 99.9% by weight or less, more preferably 99.5% by weight or less.
- the palladium (Pd) is metallic palladium (Pd) supported on a carrier.
- the metallic palladium (Pd) supported on the carrier is preferably particulate, and more preferably has an average particle size of 5 nm or more and 20 nm or less. The average particle size can be measured using the CO pulse adsorption method.
- the metal specific surface area of palladium (Pd) in the catalyst of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved, but is, for example, 0.05 m 2 /g or more, preferably 0.5 m 2 /g or more. , more preferably 0.1 m 2 /g or more. If the metal specific surface area of palladium (Pd) is at least these lower limits, sufficient catalytic activity can be obtained.
- the “metal specific surface area” of palladium (Pd) means the surface area of palladium (Pd) metal supported on a carrier (m 2 (palladium (Pd) metal)/g (palladium (Pd) ) metal)) and can be measured, for example, using the CO pulse adsorption method.
- the metal specific surface area of palladium (Pd) is the ratio of the surface area of palladium (Pd) metal to the weight of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) serving as a support (surface area of palladium (Pd) metal (m 2 )/titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) can also be expressed as the weight (g)).
- the content of palladium (Pd) relative to the weight of the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved. % by weight or more, preferably 0.25% by weight or more, more preferably 0.45% by weight or more, and even more preferably 0.5% by weight or more.
- the content of palladium (Pd) with respect to the total weight of the catalyst is, from the viewpoint of catalytic efficiency of Pd, for example 2% by weight or less, preferably 1% by weight or less, more preferably 0.75% by weight or less, and even more preferably It may be 0.55% by weight or less.
- the weight of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support means the total weight of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and the weight of minor components or impurities optionally contained in the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support.
- the catalyst of the present invention may optionally further contain other components.
- the catalyst of the present invention preferably further contains sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) as another component.
- SO 3 sulfur trioxide
- the sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) is contained in the catalyst of the present invention, for example, as a minor component or impurity contained in the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support. It may be mixed.
- the details of the state in which sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) exists in the catalyst are not known, but for example, compounds with titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) (eg, sulfuric acid titanyl, etc.).
- the catalyst of the present invention can obtain high selectivity by containing sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ).
- the content of sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) with respect to the total weight of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) in the catalyst is preferably 0.1% by weight or more, more preferably 0.5% by weight or more. It is preferably 1.0% by weight or more, more preferably 5.0% by weight or less, more preferably 4.0% by weight or less, and even more preferably 3.0% by weight or less.
- the content of sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) is too high , the function of the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) carrier may deteriorate.
- the content of sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) can be measured, for example, by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF).
- the catalyst of the present invention usually has a structure in which palladium (Pd) is supported on a carrier containing titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) as a main component.
- a support structure examples include Eggshell type.
- the shape of the catalyst of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the objects of the present invention can be achieved, and may be pellet-shaped, spherical, cylindrical, ring-shaped, or the like.
- a pellet-type catalyst can be used as a fixed bed catalyst in the reaction vessel.
- the size (e.g., particle diameter) of the catalyst of the present invention is not particularly limited, and an optimum value may be selected depending on the inner diameter of the reaction tube and the like.
- the size of the pellets may be, for example, 2 mm or more and 4 mm or less.
- palladium (Pd) in the catalyst is preferably particulate, and more preferably has a particle size of 5 nm or more and 20 nm or less.
- the existing shell length of palladium (Pd) in the catalyst is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 150 ⁇ m or less.
- the "size (eg, average particle size)" of the hydrogenation catalyst can be measured using a sieving test method based on JIS K0069, and represents the weight average particle size.
- the particle size of palladium (Pd) in the catalyst can be measured using the CO-pulse adsorption method and represents the weight average particle size.
- the existing shell length of palladium (Pd) in the catalyst can be measured using SEM-EDX.
- the specific surface area of the catalyst of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved. good.
- the "specific surface area" of the hydrogenation catalyst means the specific surface area measured using the BET adsorption method, and can be measured using, for example, a BET specific surface area meter.
- the total pore volume of the catalyst of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved. , more preferably 0.25 cm 3 /g or less.
- the "total pore volume" of the hydrogenation catalyst can be measured using, for example, the BET adsorption method.
- the average pore diameter of the catalyst of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved.
- the "average pore diameter" of the hydrogenation catalyst can be measured using, for example, the BET adsorption method.
- the palladium (Pd) metal dispersion degree in the catalyst of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved. There may be.
- the "metal dispersity" of the hydrogenation catalyst can be measured using, for example, the CO-pulse adsorption method.
- the content of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is 85% by weight or more and 99.9% by weight or less with respect to the total weight of the catalyst, and (ii) the total weight of the catalyst
- the content of palladium (Pd) is preferably 0.1% by weight or more and 2% by weight or less.
- the content of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is 95% by weight or more and 99.9% by weight or less with respect to the total weight of the catalyst, and (ii′) More preferably, the content of palladium (Pd) with respect to the total weight of the catalyst is 0.5% by weight or more and 1% by weight or less.
- the catalyst of the present invention can be prepared by general supporting methods.
- the catalyst of the present invention can be prepared by dissolving (1) a palladium (Pd) compound (such as palladium (Pd) oxide and chloride) in an appropriate solvent (such as water, an acid aqueous solution, an alkaline aqueous solution, or an organic solvent).
- a palladium (Pd) compound such as palladium (Pd) oxide and chloride
- an appropriate solvent such as water, an acid aqueous solution, an alkaline aqueous solution, or an organic solvent.
- a palladium (Pd) compound derived from the solution prepared in (1) above on the surface of a titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) carrier; and (3) A palladium (Pd) compound deposited on the surface of a titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support is reduced to metallic palladium (Pd) with hydrogen, hydrazine, and/or formaldehyde, etc. to convert palladium (Pd) to the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support. ) to obtain a supported catalyst.
- the step (2) includes, for example, a method of spraying the solution prepared in (1) onto a titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) carrier and then drying; 2 ) A method in which the carrier is immersed to adsorb the palladium (Pd) compound on the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) carrier, and then the solvent is evaporated by heating; Palladium (Pd) compounds include, for example, palladium (II) acetylacetonate (Pd(acac) 2 ).
- sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) is included in the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support during preparation of the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support. They may be mixed in the catalyst of the present invention as minor components or impurities. Alternatively, the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support may be prepared and then treated to incorporate sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) into the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support. If there are commercially available titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) supports containing sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) as a minor component, impurity, or the like, such commercially available products may be used as the titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) support.
- the catalyst of the present invention is preferably reduced (eg, hydrogen reduction) before use in the reaction.
- CPD hydrogenation reaction The reaction promoted by the catalyst of the present invention is the hydrogenation of CPD to form CPE (CPD hydrogenation reaction), which is carried out in the gas phase.
- CPD hydrogenation reaction Preferred conditions for the CPD hydrogenation reaction are described below in the section entitled "Method for Producing CPE”.
- the method for producing CPE of the present invention includes a step of hydrogenating CPD in the gas phase to produce CPE in the presence of the catalyst described above (hydrogenation step).
- the method of the present invention includes, as an optional step prior to the hydrogenation step, - The step of reducing the catalyst (catalyst reduction step); - A step of vaporizing a reaction raw material (CPD, multimerized CPD, or a mixture with a coexisting component such as a solvent) (vaporization step); obtaining CPD (pyrolysis step); may further include Further, in the method of the present invention, as an optional step after the hydrogenation step, - A step of cooling the target CPE to liquefy or solidify (cooling step) may further include
- the hydrogenation step is a step of hydrogenating CPD to produce CPE in the gas phase in the presence of the catalyst described above.
- CPD which is a substrate for the hydrogenation reaction
- CPD may be supplied to the hydrogenation step as a single substance, or may be supplied to the hydrogenation step in the form of a mixture.
- Mixtures include mixtures with CPE and mixtures with common organic solvents (eg, toluene, hexane).
- CPD may also be a commercial product or a fraction of petroleum material (eg naphtha cracker C5 fraction). In particular, fractions of petroleum materials may be used as CPD-CPE mixtures.
- the molar ratio of CPE to CPD in the mixture is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.0485 or more, and 0.0970 or more. is more preferably 0.194 or more, preferably 29.1 or less, more preferably 19.4 or less, and even more preferably 9.70 or less. If the molar ratio of the amount of CPE added to CPD in the hydrogenation step (CPE/CPD) is at least these lower limits, CPD multimerization is suppressed, and the purity and yield of the obtained CPE are further increased. be able to. On the other hand, if the molar ratio of the amount of CPE added to CPD (CPE/CPD) in the hydrogenation step is equal to or less than these upper limits, the productivity of CPE can be sufficiently ensured.
- the molar ratio of the amount of hydrogen added to CPD is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 or more, preferably 20 or less, and more preferably 10 or less. .
- a mixture of multimerized CPD and CPE may also be used as a reaction raw material for the method of the present invention.
- Multimerized CPD in such a reaction raw material is decomposed into monomeric CPD by a thermal decomposition step described later, and becomes a substrate for a hydrogenation reaction.
- a reactant for example, a solution of multimerized CPD (eg, dicyclopentadiene) diluted with CPE to 70% to 25% by weight can be used.
- the reaction raw material for the method of the present invention preferably has a sulfur component content of 5 ppm or less, more preferably 0.1 ppm or less, and most preferably contains no sulfur component. If the reaction raw material contains a sulfur component, it is disadvantageous in that the life of the catalyst is shortened.
- the hydrogenation step is performed in the gas phase.
- the phrase "performed in the gas phase" in the hydrogenation step means that the hydrogenation step is performed in a state where substances other than the catalyst in the hydrogenation reaction system are gases.
- Substances other than the catalyst in the hydrogenation reaction system include hydrogenation substrates (CPD), co-existing components (when the hydrogenation substrate is in the form of a mixture), and hydrogen before the hydrogenation reaction, and hydrides. (CPE), co-components (if the hydride is in the form of a mixture), and excess hydrogen after the hydrogenation reaction.
- the temperature in the hydrogenation step is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved. 150° C. or higher is more preferable. Moreover, the temperature in the hydrogenation step is preferably 350° C. or lower, more preferably 250° C. or lower, from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the catalyst and the reaction apparatus and suppressing hydrogenation overreaction (decrease in selectivity).
- the reactor used in the hydrogenation step may be either a continuous type or a batch type, but the continuous type is preferred from the viewpoint of improving productivity.
- the reactor used in the hydrogenation step is not limited by its shape, but is preferably a multitubular fixed-bed flow reactor.
- the inner diameter of the reaction tube is not particularly limited, but is preferably 6 mm or more, more preferably 10 mm or more, preferably 100 mm or less, and 70 mm. The following are more preferable.
- the length of the reaction tube is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 m or longer, more preferably 0.3 m or longer, preferably 10 m or shorter, and more preferably 7 m or shorter.
- the reactor used in the hydrogenation step is preferably a reaction tube of 1 inch or more for 2-4 mm of catalyst.
- reaction pressure The pressure (total pressure) during the reaction is usually 0 MPa to 0.1 MPa, preferably 0 MPa to 0.05 MPa. If the reaction pressure is high, the selectivity may drop due to gas intrusion into the interior of the catalyst.
- the amount of hydrogen gas to be charged is generally preferably 1 to 2.0 equivalents, more preferably 1 to 1.2 equivalents, relative to the raw material CPD. If the amount of hydrogen is increased, entrainment occurs and the cooler for product recovery becomes large-scale, so it is preferable that the amount of hydrogen is not too large.
- components other than the catalyst of the present invention CPD and components mixed with CPD (other components) can be present.
- other components include, for example, inert gases such as nitrogen and argon.
- another component may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types by arbitrary ratios.
- the catalyst is usually installed in the reaction vessel.
- the mode of installation of the catalyst is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved.
- it may be installed as a fixed bed catalyst in a reaction vessel.
- the amount of the catalyst installed in the reaction vessel per volume of the reaction vessel is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved. It may be 150 g/L or less, preferably 125 g/L or less.
- the method of the present invention preferably further includes a step of reducing the catalyst (catalyst reduction step) before the hydrogenation reaction step.
- the catalyst reduction step can be performed, for example, by heating the catalyst in a hydrogen atmosphere.
- the heating temperature may be, for example, 150° C. or higher, preferably 300° C. or higher, and may be, for example, 450° C. or lower, preferably 400° C. or lower.
- the method of the present invention uses hydrogen It is preferable to further include a step of vaporizing the reaction raw material (vaporization step) before the vaporization reaction step.
- the vaporization step may be performed, for example, by heating the reaction raw material and reducing the pressure, but is usually carried out by heating the reaction raw material.
- the heating temperature may be any temperature as long as it suppresses the vaporization of the reaction raw material and the deterioration of the reactor, and may be, for example, 150° C. or higher, preferably 190° C. or higher, for example, 250° C. or lower, preferably 210° C. or lower. There may be.
- the method of the present invention preferably further includes a step of heating the polymerized CPD and thermally decomposing it into monomers to obtain CPD (thermal decomposition step) before the hydrogenation reaction step.
- the pyrolysis step may be performed after the vaporization step, before the vaporization step, or together with the vaporization step.
- the heating temperature may be a temperature at which the multimerized CPD is monomerized and the deterioration of the reactor is suppressed, for example, it may be 340° C. or higher, preferably 350° C. or higher, for example, 250° C. or lower, preferably 250° C. or lower. may be 360° C. or lower.
- the method of the present invention cools and liquefies the CPE after the hydrogenation reaction step in order to recover the CPE obtained in the hydrogenation step as a liquid or solid.
- the cooling temperature may be any temperature at which the CPE liquefies or solidifies, and may be, for example, 0° C. or lower, preferably ⁇ 20° C. or lower.
- the cooling step may be performed by methods known in the art, for example using a condenser.
- the method of the present invention includes, as any other step prior to the hydrogenation step, - A step of removing impurities (e.g., multimerized CPD that has not been monomerized, by-products in the thermal decomposition step) from CPD by distillation or the like (reaction raw material impurity removal step) may further include
- a step of removing impurities e.g., unhydrogenated CPD, by-products in the hydrogenation step such as peroxides, etc.
- product impurity removal step may further include
- ⁇ Reactor> An example of a reactor used in the process of the invention when the process of the invention includes vaporization, pyrolysis, hydrogenation, and cooling is shown in FIG.
- the conversion rate from CPD to CPE that can be achieved by the method of the present invention is preferably 95% or higher, more preferably 99% or higher, even more preferably 99.8% or higher.
- the selectivity from CPD to CPE that can be achieved by the method of the present invention is preferably 90% or higher, more preferably 92% or higher, and even more preferably 96% or higher.
- CPD conversion rate (%) 100-(F1/F2) x 100 (1) calculated from In equation (1), F1 is the flow rate (g/hour) of CPD at the reaction tube outlet, and F2 is the flow rate (g/hour) of CPD introduced into the reaction tube.
- a higher CPE selectivity indicates a higher purity of the CPE obtained in the hydrogenation step.
- CPE yield (%) (CPD conversion rate (%) x CPE selectivity (%))/100 (3) calculated from A higher CPE yield indicates a higher CPE yield in the hydrogenation step.
- Example 1 (Production of Pd carrier for hydrogenation catalyst) TiO 2 support with 100% anatase ratio was impregnated in Pd-containing organic solvent, then the impregnated support was dried to evaporate the solvent and calcined to obtain Pd support for hydrogenation catalyst.
- the TiO 2 support used contained sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) as a minor component.
- the obtained Pd carrier for hydrogenation catalyst contained SO 3 in a ratio of 1.2% with respect to the total weight of TiO 2 and SO 3 .
- Table 1 shows the physical properties of the obtained Pd-supported hydrogenation catalyst.
- the unit adsorption amount of the catalyst was measured using the CO-pulse adsorption method.
- ⁇ Vaporization process/thermal decomposition process> A liquid obtained by diluting DCPD as a raw material with CPE was gasified at 190°C. The gas was heated to a high temperature of 350° C. to decompose DCPD into CPD (reactant) to obtain a CPD/CPE mixed gas.
- Example 2 The test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1, except that TiO 2 with an anatase ratio of 82.2% was used as a carrier instead of TiO 2 with an anatase ratio of 100% used in Example 1.
- the TiO 2 support used contained sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) as a minor component.
- the obtained Pd carrier for hydrogenation catalyst contained SO 3 in a proportion of 0.9% with respect to the total weight of TiO 2 and SO 3 . The results are shown in FIG. 2 and Table 2.
- Example 3 The test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1, except that TiO 2 containing no SO 3 and having an anatase ratio of 100% was used as the carrier instead of the TiO 2 carrier used in Example 1.
- the resulting Pd support for hydrogenation catalysts also did not contain SO3 .
- Table 2 shows the results.
- Vaporizer 1 Vaporizer 2 Decomposer 3 Hydrogenation reactor 4 Cooler 5 Reaction liquid tank 11 Raw material inlet 12 Hydrogen inlet 13 Catalyst charging/reaction point
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Abstract
Description
(i)触媒の全重量に対する二酸化チタン(TiO2)の含有量が、85重量%以上99.9重量%以下であり、かつ
(ii)二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体重量に対するパラジウム(Pd)の含有量が、0.1重量%以上2重量%以下である
ことが好ましい。また、本発明の触媒において、
(i’)触媒の全重量に対する二酸化チタン(TiO2)の含有量が、95重量%以上99.9重量%以下であり、かつ
(ii’)二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体重量に対するパラジウム(Pd)の含有量が、0.5重量%以上1重量%以下である
ことがより好ましい。触媒中の二酸化チタン(TiO2)およびパラジウム(Pd)のの含有量が上記範囲であれば、水素添加反応におけるより高い転化率およびより高い選択性が得られる。
本発明の触媒は、気相中でシクロペンタジエンを水素化してシクロペンテンを生成する反応に用いられる触媒であり、パラジウム(Pd)と、二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体とを含み、二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体が、アナターゼ型二酸化チタン(TiO2)を含む。また、本発明の触媒は、任意で、その他の成分を更に含んでいてもよい。このような成分としては、例えば、三酸化硫黄(SO3)が挙げられる。本発明の触媒は、通常は、二酸化チタン(TiO2)を主成分として含む担体にパラジウム(Pd)を担持させた構造を有する触媒(担持型触媒)である。
二酸化チタン(TiO2)は、担体の主成分である。二酸化チタン(TiO2)は、結晶型としてアナターゼ型を含む。二酸化チタン(TiO2)のアナターゼ比率は、本発明の目的を達成する限りにおいて特に制限されないが、気相中でのCPD水素化反応の優れた転化率および選択性を両立させる観点から、通常は50%以上、好ましくは80%以上、より好ましくは95%以上であってもよい。二酸化チタン(TiO2)のアナターゼ比率は、XRDを用いて測定することができる。
本発明の触媒が担持型触媒である場合、パラジウム(Pd)は、担体に担持される金属パラジウム(Pd)である。担体に担持される金属パラジウム(Pd)は、粒子状であることが好ましく、平均粒子径が5nm以上20nm以下であることがより好ましい。平均粒子径は、COパルス吸着法を用いて測定することができる。
なお、本発明において、パラジウム(Pd)の「金属比表面積」とは、担体に担持された状態でのパラジウム(Pd)金属の表面積(m2(パラジウム(Pd)金属)/g(パラジウム(Pd)金属))として表すことができ、例えば、COパルス吸着法を用いて測定することができる。また、パラジウム(Pd)の金属比表面積は、担体となる二酸化チタン(TiO2)の重量に対するパラジウム(Pd)金属の表面積の比(パラジウム(Pd)金属の表面積(m2)/二酸化チタン(TiO2)の重量(g))として表すこともできる。
本発明の触媒は、任意で、その他の成分を更に含んでいてもよい。中でも、本発明の触媒は、その他の成分として、三酸化硫黄(SO3)を更に含んでいることが好ましい。本発明の触媒が三酸化硫黄(SO3)を含む場合、三酸化硫黄(SO3)は、例えば、二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体中に含まれる微量成分または不純物等として本発明の触媒中に混入していてもよい。これらのような場合、三酸化硫黄(SO3)がどのような状態で触媒中に存在しているのかの詳細はわかっていないが、例えば、二酸化チタン(TiO2)との化合物(例、硫酸チタニル等)の形態で存在する場合が推測される。本発明の触媒は、三酸化硫黄(SO3)を含むことによって、高い選択性を得ることができる。触媒中における二酸化チタン(TiO2)と三酸化硫黄(SO3)の合計重量に対する三酸化硫黄(SO3)の含有割合は、0.1重量%以上が好ましく、0.5重量%以上がより好ましく、1.0重量%以上が更に好ましく、5.0重量%以下が好ましく、4.0重量%以下がより好ましく、3.0重量%以下が更に好ましい。三酸化硫黄(SO3)の含有割合が多くなるほど、選択性をより高くすることができる。一方、三酸化硫黄(SO3)の含有割合が多すぎると、二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体の機能が低下し得ることから、三酸化硫黄(SO3)は、上記上限以下の微量成分として含んでいればよい。三酸化硫黄(SO3)の含有量は、例えば、蛍光X線分析(XRF)により測定することができる。
上述のとおり、本発明の触媒は、通常は、二酸化チタン(TiO2)を主成分として含む担体にパラジウム(Pd)を担持させた構造を有する。このような担持構造としては、例えば、Eggshell型等が挙げられる。本発明の触媒の形状は、本発明の目的を達成する限りにおいて特に制限されないが、ペレット型、球型、円柱型、リング型等がげられる。ペレット型の触媒は、反応容器中で固定床触媒として用いることができる。本発明の触媒の大きさ(例、粒径)は、反応管の内径等によって最適な値を選べばよく、特に制限されない。本発明の触媒がペレット型である場合、ペレットの大きさは、例えば、2mm以上4mm以下であってもよい。本発明の触媒がペレット型である場合、触媒中のパラジウム(Pd)は、粒子状であることが好ましく、粒径が5nm以上20nm以下であることがより好ましい。本発明の触媒がEggshell型である場合、触媒中のパラジウム(Pd)の存在外殻長は、10μm以上150μm以下が好ましい。
なお、本発明において、水素化触媒の「大きさ(例、平均粒径)」は、JIS K0069に準拠したふるい分け試験法を用いて測定することができ、重量平均粒子径を表す。
触媒中のパラジウム(Pd)の粒径は、CO-パルス吸着法を用いて測定することができ、重量平均粒子径を表す。
触媒中のパラジウム(Pd)の存在外殻長は、SEM-EDXを用いて測定することができる。
なお、本発明において、水素化触媒の「比表面積」とは、BET吸着法を用いて測定した比表面積を意味し、例えば、BET比表面積計を用いて測定することができる。
なお、本発明において、水素化触媒の「全細孔容積」は、例えば、BET吸着法を用いて測定することができる。
なお、本発明において、水素化触媒の「平均細孔直径」は、例えば、BET吸着法を用いて測定することができる。
なお、本発明において、水素化触媒の「金属分散度」は、例えば、CO-パルス吸着法を用いて測定することができる。
本発明の触媒は、一般的な担持方法により調製することができる。例えば、本発明の触媒は、(1)パラジウム(Pd)化合物(パラジウム(Pd)の酸化物、塩化物など)を、適切な溶媒(水、酸水溶液、アルカリ水溶液または有機溶媒等)に溶解させてパラジウム(Pd)化合物溶液を得る工程、(2)二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体の表面に、上記(1)で調製した溶液に由来するパラジウム(Pd)化合物を析出させる工程、並びに(3)水素、ヒドラジン、および/またはホルムアルデヒドなどで、二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体の表面に析出したパラジウム(Pd)化合物を金属パラジウム(Pd)へと還元して二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体にパラジウム(Pd)を担持させた触媒を得る工程、を経て調製することができる。また、上記(2)の工程は、例えば、上記(1)で調製した溶液を二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体に吹き付けた後、乾燥させる方法;上記(1)で調製した溶液に二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体を浸漬して、パラジウム(Pd)化合物を二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体に吸着せしめた後、溶媒を加熱蒸発させる方法;等によって行うことができる。パラジウム(Pd)化合物としては、例えば、パラジウム(II)アセチルアセトナート(Pd(acac)2)が挙げられる。
本発明の触媒が促進する反応は、CPDを水素化してCPEを生成する反応(CPD水素化反応)であり、気相中で行われる。CPD水素化反応の好ましい諸条件は、下記の「CPEの製造方法」の項で説明する。
本発明のCPEの製造方法は、上述した触媒の存在下で、気相中でCPDを水素化してCPEを生成する反応を行う工程(水素添加工程)を含む。
・触媒を還元する工程(触媒還元工程);
・反応原料(CPD、多量体化CPD、または溶媒等の共存成分との混合物)を気化する工程(気化工程);および/または
・多量体化CPDを加熱し、熱分解により単量体化してCPDを得る工程(熱分解工程);
をさらに含んでもよい。
また、本発明の方法は、水素添加工程の後に行われる任意の工程として、
・目的のCPEを冷却して液化または固化する工程(冷却工程)
をさらに含んでもよい。
水素添加工程は、上述した触媒の存在下で、気相中で、CPDを水素化してCPEを生成する反応を行う工程である。
水素添加反応の基質となるCPDは、単体として水素添加工程に供されてもよく、混合物の形態で水素添加工程に供されてもよい。混合物としては、CPEとの混合物、一般的な有機溶媒(例、トルエン、ヘキサン)との混合物が挙げられる。また、CPDは、市販品、または石油材料の留分(例、ナフサクラッカーC5留分)を用いてもよい。特に、CPD-CPE混合物として、石油材料の留分を用いてもよい。
水素添加工程は、気相中で行われる。水素添加工程が「気相中で行われる」とは、触媒以外の水素添加反応系中の物質が気体である状態で水素添加工程が行われることをいう。触媒以外の水素添加反応系中の物質としては、水素化基質(CPD)、共存成分(水素化基質が混合物の形態である場合)、および水素といった、水素添加反応前の物質、並びに、水素化物(CPE)、共存成分(水素化物が混合物の形態である場合)、および余剰水素といった、水素添加反応後の物質が挙げられる。水素添加工程を気相中で行うことにより、少ない機器点数で生産性を向上させることが可能となる。
水素添加工程において用いられる反応器は、連続式またはバッチ式のいずれであってもよいが、生産性を向上させる観点から連続式が好ましい。水素添加工程において用いられる反応器は、その形状によって限定されないが、好ましくは多管式固定床流通反応器である。多管式固定床流通反応器を使用する場合の、反応管の内径は特に制限されないが、6mm以上であることが好ましく、10mm以上であることがより好ましく、100mm以下であることが好ましく、70mm以下であることがより好ましい。また、反応管の長さは特に制限されないが、0.1m以上であることが好ましく、0.3m以上であることがより好ましく、10m以下であることが好ましく、7m以下であることがより好ましい。水素添加工程において用いられる反応器は、触媒2~4mmに対し1インチ以上の反応管であることが好ましい。
反応時の圧力(全圧)は、通常0MPa~0.1MPaであり、好ましくは0MPa~0.05MPaである。反応圧力が高いと触媒内部へのガス侵入により選択性が落ちる可能性がある。
反応管への水素ガスの導入は、ダウンフローが好ましい。水素ガスの投入量は、通常、原料CPDに対し1当量~2.0当量が好ましく、1当量~1.2当量がより好ましい。水素量を多くする事で同伴が発生し、生成物回収のための冷却器が大掛かりなものとなるため、水素量が多すぎないことが好ましい。
また、水素添加工程では、本発明の触媒、CPDおよびCPDと混合させた成分以外の成分(その他の成分)を存在させることができる。具体的には、その他の成分としては、例えば、窒素やアルゴンなどの不活性ガスが挙げられる。
なお、その他の成分は、1種類を単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を任意の比率で組み合わせて用いてもよい。
水素添加工程において、触媒は、通常は反応容器中に設置される。触媒の設置様式は、本発明の目的を達成する限りにおいて特に制限されないが、例えば、反応容器中で固定床触媒として設置されてもよい。反応容器中に設置される触媒の反応容器体積当たりの量は、本発明の目的を達成する限りにおいて特に制限されないが、例えば500g/L以上、好ましくは750g/L以上であってもよく、例えば150g/L以下、好ましくは125g/L以下であってもよい。
水素化反応工程において触媒を活性化させるために、本発明の方法は、水素化反応工程の前に、触媒を還元する工程(触媒還元工程)をさらに含むことが好ましい。触媒還元工程は、例えば、触媒を水素雰囲気化で加熱することにより行うことができる。加熱温度としては、例えば150℃以上、好ましくは300℃以上であってもよく、例えば450℃以下、好ましくは400℃以下であってもよい。
反応原料(CPD、多量体化したCPD、または溶媒等の共存成分との混合物)が室温で液体または固体である場合、水素添加工程を気相中で行うために、本発明の方法は、水素化反応工程の前に、反応原料を気化する工程(気化工程)をさらに含むことが好ましい。気化工程は、例えば、反応原料の加熱、減圧により行ってもよいが、通常は、反応原料の加熱により行われる。加熱温度は、反応原料が気化しかつ反応装置の劣化を抑制する温度であればよく、例えば150℃以上、好ましくは190℃以上であってもよく、例えば250℃以下、好ましくは210℃以下であってもよい。
水素添加反応の基質(CPD)は、反応原料中で多量体(例、二量体)を形成していることがある。例えば、CPDは、室温においては、二量体化して二量体であるジシクロペンタジエン(DCPD)の形態で存在し易い。したがって、本発明の方法は、水素化反応工程の前に、多量体化したCPDを加熱し、熱分解により単量体化してCPDを得る工程(熱分解工程)をさらに含むことが好ましい。熱分解工程は、気化工程の後に行われてもよく、気化工程の前に行われてもよく、気化工程と一体となって行われてもよい。加熱温度は、多量体化したCPDが単量体化しかつ反応装置の劣化を抑制する温度であればよく、例えば340℃以上、好ましくは350℃以上であってもよく、例えば250℃以下、好ましくは360℃以下であってもよい。
目的のCPEが室温で液体または固体である場合、水素添加工程で得られたCPEを液体または固体として回収するために、本発明の方法は、水素化反応工程の後に、CPEを冷却して液化または固化する工程(冷却工程)をさらに含むことが好ましい。冷却温度は、CPEが液化または固化する温度であればよく、例えば0℃以下、好ましくは-20℃以下であってもよい。冷却工程は、当該分野で公知の方法で行ってもよく、例えば、コンデンサーを用いて行うことができる。
本発明の方法は、水素添加工程の前に行われる任意のその他の工程として、
・蒸留等によりCPDから不純物(例、単量体化しなかった多量体化CPD、熱分解工程での副生成物)を除去する工程(反応原料不純物除去工程)
をさらに含んでもよい。
また、本発明の方法は、水素添加工程の後に行われる任意のその他の工程として、
・蒸留等により目的のCPEから不純物(例、水素化しなかったCPD、過水素化物等の水素添加工程での副生成物)を除去する工程(生成物不純物除去工程)
をさらに含んでもよい。
本発明の方法が、気化工程、熱分解工程、水素添加工程、および冷却工程を含む場合の本発明の方法に用いられる反応装置の例を、図1に示す。
本発明の方法により達成し得るCPDからCPEへの転化率は、95%以上が好ましく、99%以上がより好ましく、99.8%以上がさらに好ましい。本発明の方法により達成し得るCPDからCPEへの選択率は、90%以上が好ましく、92%以上がより好ましく、96%以上がさらに好ましい。
そして、実施例および比較例において、シクロペンタジエン(CPD)転化率、シクロペンテン(CPE)選択率、およびCPE収率は、以下の方法で算出した。なお、反応液組成は、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより測定した。
実施例および比較例では、三酸化硫黄(SO3)の含有量は、蛍光X線分析(XRF)により測定した。
実施例および比較例の水素添加工程におけるCPD転化率は、以下の式(1):
CPD転化率(%)=100-(F1/F2)×100 ・・・(1)
から算出した。
なお、式(1)中、F1は反応管出口におけるCPDの流量(g/時間)であり、F2は反応管に導入したCPDの流量(g/時間)である。
<CPE選択率>
実施例および比較例の水素添加工程におけるCPE選択率は、以下の式(2):
CPE選択率(%)={(F3-F4)/F5}×100 ・・・(2)
から算出した。
なお、式(2)中、F3は反応管出口におけるCPEの流量(g/時間)であり、F4は反応管に導入したCPEの流量(g/時間)であり(CPDの気相接触水素添加をCPEの非存在下で行った場合は、F4=0である)、F5は転化したCPDの流量(g/時間)である。このCPE選択率が高いほど、水素添加工程で得られたCPEの純度が高いことを示す。
<CPE収率>
実施例および比較例の水素添加工程におけるCPE収率は、上述のCPD転化率およびCPE選択率を用いて、以下の式(3):
CPE収率(%)=(CPD転化率(%)×CPE選択率(%))/100 ・・・(3)
から算出した。このCPE収率が高いほど、水素添加工程におけるCPEの収率が高いことを示す。
(水素化触媒用Pd担持体の製造)
アナターゼ比率100%のTiO2担体を、Pd含有有機溶剤中で含浸させ、その後、含浸した担体を乾燥させて溶剤を蒸発させ、焼成して、水素化触媒用Pd担持体を得た。なお、用いたTiO2担体は、微量成分として三酸化硫黄(SO3)を含有していた。また、得られた水素化触媒用Pd担持体は、SO3を、TiO2とSO3の合計重量に対して1.2%の割合で含有していた。得られた水素化触媒用Pd担持体の物性を、表1に示す。
<触媒還元工程>
1インチ管に水素化触媒用Pd担持体を詰め、150℃~450℃の高温でH2雰囲気下で還元処理を実施して、活性型水素化触媒に変換した。
原料となるDCPDをCPEで希釈した液を、190℃でガス化させた。そのガスを350℃の高温に加熱してDCPDをCPD(反応基質)に分解し、CPD/CPE混合ガスを得た。
触媒(10g)を充填した1インチ管に、CPD/CPE混合ガス(流量0.3~0.5ml/min)を水素(流量100~150ml/min)とともに、水素当量(1.0~2.0)、反応温度(150~250℃)で流通させた。流通させたガスを、コンデンサーで-10℃で冷却してCPE溶液を得た。
CPD転化率、CPE選択率、およびCPE収率を評価した。結果を図2および3に、結果の代表的な数値を表2に示す。
実施例1で用いたアナターゼ比率100%のTiO2に代えて、アナターゼ比率82.2%のTiO2を担体として用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に試験を行った。なお、用いたTiO2担体は、微量成分として三酸化硫黄(SO3)を含有していた。また、得られた水素化触媒用Pd担持体は、SO3を、TiO2とSO3の合計重量に対して0.9%の割合で含有していた。結果を図2および表2に示す。
実施例1で用いたTiO2担体に代えて、SO3を含有しないアナターゼ比率100%のTiO2を担体として用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に試験を行った。得られた水素化触媒用Pd担持体も、SO3を含有していなかった。結果を表2に示す。
水素化触媒の製造において担体として二酸化チタン(TiO2)の代わりに活性炭(比較例1)、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)(比較例2)、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)(比較例3)、または二酸化ケイ素(SiO2)(比較例4)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に試験を行った。結果を図3および表2に示す。
2 分解器
3 水添反応器
4 冷却器
5 反応液タンク
11 原料導入口
12 水素導入口
13 触媒充填・反応箇所
Claims (8)
- 気相中でシクロペンタジエンを水素化してシクロペンテンを生成する反応に用いられる触媒であって、パラジウム(Pd)と、二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体とを含み、二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体が、アナターゼ型二酸化チタン(TiO2)を含む、触媒。
- (i)触媒の全重量に対する二酸化チタン(TiO2)の含有量が、85重量%以上99.9重量%以下であり、かつ
(ii)二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体重量に対するパラジウム(Pd)の含有量が、0.1重量%以上2重量%以下である、
請求項1に記載の触媒。 - (i’)触媒の全重量に対する二酸化チタン(TiO2)の含有量が、95重量%以上99.9重量%以下であり、かつ
(ii’)二酸化チタン(TiO2)担体重量に対するパラジウム(Pd)の含有量が、0.5重量%以上1重量%以下である、
請求項1または2に記載の触媒。 - 二酸化チタン(TiO2)が、80%以上のアナターゼ比率を有する、請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の触媒。
- 二酸化チタン(TiO2)が、95%以上のアナターゼ比率を有する、請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の触媒。
- 三酸化硫黄(SO3)を更に含む、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の触媒。
- 触媒中における二酸化チタン(TiO2)と三酸化硫黄(SO3)の合計重量に対する三酸化硫黄(SO3)の含有割合が、0.1重量%以上5.0重量%以下である、請求項6に記載の触媒。
- 請求項1~7の何れか一項に記載の触媒の存在下で、気相中でシクロペンタジエンを水素化してシクロペンテンを生成する反応を行う工程を含む、シクロペンテンの製造方法。
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| CN202280017520.6A CN116940414A (zh) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-23 | 催化剂和环戊烯的制造方法 |
| KR1020237031125A KR20230163377A (ko) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-23 | 촉매 및 시클로펜텐의 제조 방법 |
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| JP (1) | JPWO2022210162A1 (ja) |
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| JP2000053597A (ja) * | 1998-06-03 | 2000-02-22 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | シクロペンテンの製造方法 |
| JP2001010987A (ja) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-16 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | シクロペンテンの製造方法 |
| JP2001181217A (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-03 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | ジシクロペンタジエンおよびその精製方法 |
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| GB2007706B (en) | 1977-11-11 | 1982-03-17 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | Cyclopentadiene hydrofenation |
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| WO2000064846A1 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2000-11-02 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Hydrocarbon hydrogenation catalyst and process |
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| CN1417179A (zh) * | 2001-11-08 | 2003-05-14 | 中国石化上海石油化工股份有限公司 | 环戊二烯加氢制备环戊烯的方法 |
| JP2004175685A (ja) | 2002-11-25 | 2004-06-24 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | シクロペンテンの製造方法 |
| JP2004210900A (ja) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-29 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | 不飽和結合を有する重合体水素化方法 |
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- 2022-03-23 CN CN202280017520.6A patent/CN116940414A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-23 KR KR1020237031125A patent/KR20230163377A/ko active Pending
- 2022-03-23 JP JP2023511056A patent/JPWO2022210162A1/ja active Pending
- 2022-03-23 US US18/549,350 patent/US20240158319A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2022-03-23 EP EP22780377.2A patent/EP4316649A4/en active Pending
- 2022-03-23 WO PCT/JP2022/013503 patent/WO2022210162A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2022-03-24 TW TW111111106A patent/TW202247901A/zh unknown
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| JP2000053597A (ja) * | 1998-06-03 | 2000-02-22 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | シクロペンテンの製造方法 |
| JP2001010987A (ja) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-16 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | シクロペンテンの製造方法 |
| JP2001181217A (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-03 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | ジシクロペンタジエンおよびその精製方法 |
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| TW202247901A (zh) | 2022-12-16 |
| EP4316649A1 (en) | 2024-02-07 |
| EP4316649A4 (en) | 2025-03-19 |
| JPWO2022210162A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
| US20240158319A1 (en) | 2024-05-16 |
| KR20230163377A (ko) | 2023-11-30 |
| CN116940414A (zh) | 2023-10-24 |
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