WO2022114032A1 - 多層構造体、その分離方法及びリサイクル方法 - Google Patents
多層構造体、その分離方法及びリサイクル方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022114032A1 WO2022114032A1 PCT/JP2021/043077 JP2021043077W WO2022114032A1 WO 2022114032 A1 WO2022114032 A1 WO 2022114032A1 JP 2021043077 W JP2021043077 W JP 2021043077W WO 2022114032 A1 WO2022114032 A1 WO 2022114032A1
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- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
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- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B17/0412—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to large particles, e.g. beads, granules, flakes, slices
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- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0237—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference
- B29B2017/0244—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference in liquids
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- B29B2017/0293—Dissolving the materials in gases or liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29K2029/00—Use of polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylethers, polyvinylaldehydes, polyvinylketones or polyvinylketals or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2029/04—PVOH, i.e. polyvinyl alcohol
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
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- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multilayer structure, a method for separating the same, and a method for recycling.
- a gas barrier resin film made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (hereinafter, may be referred to as EVOH) or the like has been used as a transparent packaging material having a high oxygen barrier property. Further, in addition to high gas barrier properties, EVOH is also used for applications such as laminated packaging materials by taking advantage of thermoformability.
- EVOH is also used for applications such as laminated packaging materials by taking advantage of thermoformability.
- the laminated packaging material for example, a multilayer structure including a layer composed of a component consisting of at least one of EVOH, nitric acid and nitric acid ion, a metal ion and a resin composition having a specific amount of each of a carboxylic acid or a carboxylic acid ion is known. (Patent Document 1).
- a laminated packaging material made of polyamide or the like may be used as the gas barrier layer.
- a laminated packaging material for example, a multilayer film in which a polyamide layer and a polyolefin layer are laminated is known (Patent Document 2).
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has excellent adhesion between layers under high humidity and separability of the barrier layer in water, and the barrier layer is exposed to water in the separation and recovery step.
- a multilayer structure including a barrier layer (A), a water-soluble layer (B) and an adhesive layer (C), via the water-soluble layer (B) on one or both surfaces of the barrier layer (A).
- the adhesive layer (C) is laminated, the barrier layer (A) has a polyamide or an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (a1) as a main component, and the water-soluble layer (B) contains an alkali metal ion (b1) at 10 ppm.
- the multilayer structure according to any one of [1] to [6], which is at least one selected from the group; [8]
- the solubility parameter of the resin constituting the main component of the barrier layer (A) is 11.0 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more, and the resin constituting the main component of the water-soluble layer (B) Any of [1] to [7], wherein the ratio (SP A / SP B ) of the solubility parameter (SP A ) of the barrier layer (A) to the solubility parameter (SP B ) is 0.60 or more and 0.95 or less.
- Multilayer structure [9] The multilayer structure according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the barrier layer (A) has an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer as a main component; [10] The multilayer structure according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the barrier layer (A) further contains an alkali metal ion (a2) of 50 ppm or more and 500 ppm or less.
- the barrier layer (A) further contains an alkali metal ion (a2) of 50 ppm or more and 500 ppm or less.
- Multi-layer structure When the density of the barrier layer (A) is 1.0 g / cm 3 or more, and the overall density of the layers other than the barrier layer (A) and the water-soluble phase (B) is 1.0 g / cm 3 or less.
- the multilayer structure of the present invention is excellent in adhesiveness between layers under high humidity and separability of the barrier layer in water, and constitutes the barrier layer even when the barrier layer is exposed to water in the separation and recovery step. Excellent viscosity stability when reused after separation and recovery of the resin to be used.
- a separation method in which an adhesive resin is suspended and an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer or a polyamide is precipitated.
- a recycling method in which the substances separated in this way are independently melt-molded. As a result, it is possible to improve the recycling suitability of the packaging material while suppressing the deterioration of the performance and quality of the packaging material, and it is possible to contribute to the realization of a sound material-cycle society.
- the multilayer structure of the present invention is a multilayer structure including a barrier layer (A), a water-soluble layer (B) and an adhesive layer (C), and has a water-soluble layer on one or both surfaces of the barrier layer (A).
- the adhesive layer (C) is laminated via (B), the barrier layer (A) has a polyamide or an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer as a main component (a1), and the water-soluble layer (B) is an alkali metal ion. It is a multilayer structure containing (b1) at 10 ppm or more and 2000 ppm or less.
- the main component means the component having the highest content on a mass basis.
- ppm is a mass-based content ratio.
- the main component resin constituting the barrier layer (A) is polyamide or EVOH.
- polyamide or EVOH By having polyamide or EVOH as a main component, the oxygen barrier property of the multilayer structure is improved. From the viewpoint of recyclability after separation and recovery, EVOH is more preferable as the main component resin constituting the barrier layer (A).
- polyamide examples include polycaproamide (nylon 6), poly- ⁇ -aminoheptanoic acid (nylon 7), poly- ⁇ -aminononanoic acid (nylon 9), polyundecaneamide (nylon 11), and polylauryl lactam (nylon).
- Polyethylenediamine adipamide (nylon 26), polytetramethylene adipamide (nylon 46), polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66), polyhexamethylene sebacamide (nylon 610), polyhexamethylene dodeca Mido (nylon 612), polyoctamethylene adipamide (nylon 86), polydecamethylene adipamide (nylon 106), caprolactam / lauryllactam copolymer (nylon 6/12), caprolactam / ⁇ -aminononanoic acid co-weight Combined (nylon 6/9), caprolactam / hexamethylene diammonium adipate copolymer (nylon 6/66), lauryl lactam / hexamethylene diammonium adipate copolymer (nylon 12/66), ethylene diammonium adipate / hexamethylene Diammonium adipate copolymer (nylon 26/66),
- EVOH is a copolymer having an ethylene unit and a vinyl alcohol unit.
- EVOH is a polymer usually obtained by saponifying an ethylene-vinyl ester copolymer.
- the lower limit of the ethylene unit content of EVOH is preferably 20 mol%, more preferably 25 mol%.
- the upper limit of the ethylene unit content is preferably 55 mol%, more preferably 50 mol%.
- the saponification degree of EVOH is preferably 90 mol% or more, more preferably 95 mol% or more, and further preferably 98 mol% or more. When the degree of saponification is in the above range, the thermal stability of the obtained resin composition is improved.
- EVOH may have a unit derived from a monomer other than the saponified product of ethylene, vinyl ester and vinyl ester as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
- the content thereof is preferably 10 mol% or less, more preferably 5 mol% or less, and 3 mol% or less, based on all the monomer units in EVOH. More preferred.
- the content of other monomer units may be 0.05 mol% or more.
- examples of other monomers include vinylsilane compounds such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltri ( ⁇ -methoxy-ethoxy) silane, and ⁇ -methacryloxypropylmethoxysilane.
- EVOH is a structural unit (I) represented by the following formula (I), a structural unit (II) represented by the following formula (II), and the following general formula (III) as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. It may have at least one of the structural units (III) represented by. When EVOH has such a structural unit, the thermoformability of the obtained multilayer structure can be enhanced.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently hydrogen atoms, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and carbon. Represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group or hydroxyl group of number 6-10. Further, the pair of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be bonded. In addition, some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and the aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are present. It may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group or a halogen atom.
- R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are independently hydrogen atoms, aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and alicyclic hydrocarbons having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Represents a group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyl group. Further, R 4 and R 5 or R 6 and R 7 may be coupled to each other. In addition, some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and the aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are present. It may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group or a halogen atom.
- R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are independently hydrogen atoms, aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and alicyclic hydrocarbons having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Represents a group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyl group.
- some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and the aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are present. It may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group or a halogen atom.
- R 12 and R 13 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a formyl group, or an alkanoyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the lower limit of the content is preferably 0.1 mol%, more preferably 0.5 mol%, still more preferably 1 mol%.
- the upper limit of the content is preferably 30 mol%, more preferably 15 mol%, still more preferably 10 mol%.
- examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include an alkyl group and an alkenyl group
- examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms include a cycloalkyl group and a cyclo.
- examples thereof include an alkenyl group and the like
- examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms include a phenyl group and the like.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are preferably hydrogen atoms, methyl groups, ethyl groups, hydroxyl groups, hydroxymethyl groups and hydroxyethyl groups, respectively, and among them, hydrogen is independent of each other. Atoms, methyl groups, hydroxyl groups and hydroxymethyl groups are preferable from the viewpoint of further improving the thermoformability in the obtained multilayer structure.
- both R 4 and R 5 are hydrogen atoms.
- both R 4 and R 5 are hydrogen atoms
- one of R 6 and R 7 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the other is a hydrogen atom.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkyl group or an alkenyl group. From the viewpoint of particularly placing importance on the gas barrier property in the obtained multilayer structure, it is particularly preferable that one of R 6 and R 7 is a methyl group or an ethyl group, and the other is a hydrogen atom.
- R 6 and R 7 is a substituent represented by (CH 2 ) h OH (where h is an integer of 1 to 8) and the other is a hydrogen atom.
- h is preferably an integer of 1 to 4, more preferably 1 or 2, and particularly preferably 1.
- R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are preferably hydrogen atoms or aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and the aliphatic hydrocarbon groups are methyl.
- a group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group or an n-pentyl group are suitable.
- Polyamide and EVOH may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the lower limit of the content of polyamide or EVOH in the barrier layer (A) 80% by mass is preferable, 90% by mass is more preferable, and 95% by mass, 97% by mass or 99% by mass may be further preferable.
- the upper limit of the content of polyamide or EVOH in the barrier layer (A) may be 100% by mass or 99.99% by mass.
- the barrier layer (A) preferably contains alkali metal ions (a2) of 50 ppm or more and 500 ppm or less.
- the barrier layer (A) contains an alkali metal ion (a2).
- the content of the alkali metal ion (a2) is 50 ppm or more, the viscosity stability of the resin constituting the barrier layer (A) after the multilayer structure is separated and recovered is improved. This is because a sufficient amount of alkali metal ions (a2) can remain even when the alkali metal ions (a2) are eluted from the barrier layer (A) exposed to water in the separation and recovery step of the multilayer structure described later.
- the content of the alkali metal ion (a2) is more preferably 80 ppm or more, further preferably 100 ppm or more.
- the content of the alkali metal ion (a2) is 500 ppm or less, it is possible to suppress a decrease in viscosity when melt-kneading for a long time and improve melt moldability.
- the content of the alkali metal ion (a2) is more preferably 300 ppm or less, further preferably 270 ppm or less.
- the alkali metal ion (a2) is not particularly limited, but sodium ion or potassium ion is preferable.
- the alkali metal ion (a2) contained in the barrier layer (A) may exist in a state of being dissociated from the anion constituting the alkali metal salt, or may exist in a state of a salt bonded to the anion. .. Further, it may exist in a state of being coordinated with a group or the like (for example, a carboxy group, a hydroxyl group, etc.) possessed by EVOH, polyamide, and other optional components.
- a group or the like for example, a carboxy group, a hydroxyl group, etc.
- the alkali metal ion (a2) is usually derived from an alkali metal salt. That is, the barrier layer (A) may contain an alkali metal salt.
- the component containing the alkali metal ion (a2) is not particularly limited, and a fatty acid salt (acetate, propionate, etc.), a salt other than the fatty acid metal salt (nitrite, sulfate, etc.) and the like can be used.
- the barrier layer (A) preferably further contains higher fatty acid or a salt thereof in an amount of 1 ppm or more and 5000 ppm or less in terms of higher fatty acid.
- the barrier layer (A) contains a higher fatty acid or a salt thereof.
- the content of the higher fatty acid or a salt thereof is more preferably 5 ppm or more and 4000 ppm or less, and further preferably 10 ppm or more and 2500 ppm or less in terms of higher fatty acid.
- the higher fatty acid salt examples include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt of higher fatty acids, and alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium salt and calcium salt of higher fatty acids.
- alkali metal salt of the higher fatty acid When the alkali metal salt of the higher fatty acid is contained, the content of the alkali metal ion (a2) in the barrier layer (A) is calculated assuming that the alkali metal ion in the alkali metal of the higher fatty acid is also included. ..
- the higher fatty acid or a salt thereof is preferably a higher fatty acid having 12 or more carbon atoms or a salt thereof.
- examples thereof include fatty acids such as hydroxystearic acid, basic hydroxystearic acid, nonadecanic acid, oleic acid, behenic acid, montanic acid and linoleic acid, or salts thereof. From the viewpoint of dispersibility in the barrier layer (A), any one or two or more of these are appropriately used.
- the barrier layer (A) preferably further contains a boron compound of 1 ppm or more and 300 ppm or less in terms of elemental boron.
- a boron compound of 1 ppm or more and 300 ppm or less in terms of elemental boron.
- the barrier layer (A) contains a boron compound. Since the barrier layer (A) is formed of a resin composition containing a boron compound, torque fluctuation during heating and melting can be suppressed.
- the boron compound used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include boric acids, borate esters, borates, and boron hydrides. Specifically, examples of boric acids include orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, tetraboric acid and the like.
- boric acid ester examples include triethyl borate and trimethyl borate, and examples of the borate include alkali metal salts of the above-mentioned various boric acids, alkaline earth metal salts, and borosand.
- orthoboric acid hereinafter, may be simply referred to as boric acid
- the lower limit of the content of the boron compound is more preferably 10 ppm.
- the content of the boron compound is 300 ppm or less in terms of elemental boron
- the elution of the boric acid compound from the barrier layer (A) is suppressed during the separation of the multilayer structure, and as a result, the barrier after separation and recovery is suppressed.
- the viscosity stability of the resin constituting the layer (A) is improved.
- the upper limit of the content of the boron compound is more preferably 250 ppm, further preferably 200 ppm.
- the barrier layer (A) may contain components other than the alkali metal ion (a2), higher fatty acid, higher fatty acid salt, and boron compound as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
- other components include resins other than polyamide and EVOH, polyvalent metal ions, carboxylic acids, phosphoric acid compounds, oxidation accelerators, antioxidants, plasticizers, heat stabilizers (melt stabilizers), and photoinitiators. , Deodorant, UV absorber, Antistatic agent, Lubricating agent, Coloring agent, Filler, Drying agent, Filler, Pigment, Dye, Processing aid, Flame retardant, Surfactant, Cross-linking agent, Fiber reinforcement and Antifogging agent And so on.
- the resin constituting the barrier layer (A) particularly EVOH and a resin composition containing EVOH
- the content of the other components in the barrier layer (A) is usually 5% by mass or less, preferably 3% by mass or less, and more preferably 1% by mass or less.
- Resins other than polyamide and EVOH that may be contained in the barrier layer (A) are not particularly limited, and thermoplastic resins such as polyolefin; polyester; polystyrene; polyvinyl chloride; acrylic resin; polyurethane; polycarbonate; polyvinyl acetate. Can be mentioned.
- the method for incorporating the alkali metal ion (a2), the higher fatty acid, the higher fatty acid salt, the boron compound, and other additives as necessary in the barrier layer (A) is not particularly limited, but for example, polyamide or EVOH is melted and described above.
- Examples thereof include a method of impregnating or spreading the pellets of polyamide or EVOH by mixing the above compounds, and an appropriate method can be selected in consideration of the physical properties of the compound and the permeability to polyamide or EVOH. In addition, these methods can be used in combination.
- the temperature range at the time of melt-kneading can be appropriately adjusted according to the melting point of the polyamide or EVOH used, and usually 150 to 250 ° C. is adopted.
- Commercially available EVOH resin pellets or the like containing alkali metal ions (a2) or the like can also be used.
- the average thickness of the barrier layer (A) per layer is not particularly limited, but the lower limit thereof is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 3 ⁇ m. By setting the average thickness of the barrier layer (A) to be equal to or greater than the above lower limit, the barrier property and the like can be improved. On the other hand, as the upper limit of this average thickness, 100 ⁇ m is preferable, 60 ⁇ m is more preferable, 40 ⁇ m is further preferable, and 20 ⁇ m is further preferable. By setting the average thickness of the barrier layer (A) to be equal to or less than the above upper limit, flexibility and the like can be enhanced.
- the average thickness of the layer means the average value of the thickness measured at any five points. The same applies to other layers.
- the water-soluble layer (B) contains alkali metal ions (b1) of 10 ppm or more and 2000 ppm or less.
- alkali metal ions (b1) of 10 ppm or more and 2000 ppm or less.
- the alkali metal ion (b1) in the water-soluble layer (B) is sufficiently transferred to the barrier layer (A) when the multilayer structure is separated. It does not proceed, and as a result, the viscosity stability of the resin constituting the barrier layer (A) after separation and recovery is lowered.
- the lower limit of the content of the alkali metal ion (b1) is preferably 100 ppm, more preferably 200 ppm, and particularly preferably 500 ppm.
- the upper limit of the content of the alkali metal ion (b1) is preferably 1500 ppm, more preferably 1200 ppm, and particularly preferably 1000 ppm.
- Examples of the alkali metal ion (b1) contained in the water-soluble layer (B) include lithium ion, sodium ion and potassium ion. Sodium ions are preferred from the viewpoint of hue and viscosity stability of the resin composition.
- the alkali metal ion (b1) contained in the water-soluble layer (B) of the present invention may exist in a state of being dissociated from the anion constituting the alkali metal salt, or may exist in a state of a salt bonded to the anion. May be. Further, it may exist in a state of being coordinated with a group or the like (for example, a carboxy group, a hydroxyl group, etc.) possessed by the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) described later or other arbitrary components.
- a group or the like for example, a carboxy group, a hydroxyl group, etc.
- the alkali metal ion (b1) is usually derived from an alkali metal salt. That is, the water-soluble layer (B) may contain an alkali metal salt.
- the component containing the alkali metal ion (b1) is not particularly limited, and a fatty acid metal salt, a metal salt other than the fatty acid metal salt (nitrite, sulfate, etc.) and the like can be used.
- the fatty acid metal salt may be a higher fatty acid metal salt having 12 or more carbon atoms or a fatty acid metal salt having 11 or less carbon atoms, but from the viewpoint of ease of transition from the water-soluble layer (B) to the barrier layer (A). Therefore, an aliphatic metal salt having 11 or less carbon atoms is preferable.
- Higher fatty acid metal salts having 12 or more carbon atoms include lauric acid, lauric acid, tridecyl acid, myristic acid, pentadecic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecic acid, stearic acid, basic stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, and basic hydroxystearic acid.
- Nonadecanic acid, oleic acid, behenic acid, montanic acid, linoleic acid and other metal salts of fatty acids include acetate and propionic acid salt. From the viewpoint of dispersibility in the water-soluble layer (B), any one or two or more of these are appropriately used.
- the main component resin constituting the water-soluble layer (B) includes starch-based components such as corn starch and polymer components thereof, cellulose-based polymers such as carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxyethyl cellulose, and acrylic acid-based weights such as sodium polyacrylate. Examples thereof include water-soluble resins such as coalesced and vinyl alcohol-based polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol. Above all, the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) is preferable from the viewpoint of melt moldability and adhesiveness to the barrier layer (A). When the water-soluble layer (B) has a vinyl alcohol-based polymer as a main component, the gas barrier property and separability of the multilayer structure are improved.
- the vinyl alcohol-based polymer (b2) is a polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit.
- the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) is preferably a vinyl alcohol polymer other than EVOH (A) that can be used as the barrier layer (A) from the viewpoint of water solubility and the like.
- the viscosity average degree of polymerization of the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) is preferably 400 or more and 2000 or less.
- the lower limit of the viscosity average degree of polymerization is more preferably 500, and even more preferably 700.
- the upper limit of the viscosity average degree of polymerization is more preferably 1500, still more preferably 1000. When the viscosity average degree of polymerization is not more than the above upper limit, the melt moldability of the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) is improved.
- the viscosity average degree of polymerization of the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) is measured according to JIS K 6726: 1994. Specifically, the ultimate viscosity [ ⁇ ] (liter / g) of the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) is measured in water at 30 ° C., and the value of the ultimate viscosity [ ⁇ ] is used to average the viscosity by the following formula.
- the degree of saponification of the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) is preferably 70 mol% or more, more preferably 75 mol% or more, still more preferably 85 mol% or more.
- the degree of saponification of the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) is preferably 95 mol% or less, more preferably 93 mol% or less, still more preferably 90 mol% or less.
- the degree of saponification of the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) is measured according to JIS K6726: 1994.
- Examples of the vinyl alcohol-based polymer (b2) include polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter, may be referred to as “PVA”), modified PVA, and the like. Above all, PVA is more preferable from the viewpoint of solubility in water.
- the vinyl alcohol-based polymer (b2) may contain one kind alone or two or more kinds.
- the total content of the vinyl alcohol unit and the vinyl ester unit in the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) is preferably 95 mol% or more.
- the total content of the vinyl alcohol unit and the vinyl ester unit is more preferably 97 mol% or more, further preferably 98 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 99 mol% or more.
- the vinyl alcohol-based polymer (b2) may contain a monomer unit other than the vinyl alcohol unit and the vinyl ester unit as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
- a monomer include ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, n-butene, and isobutylene; acrylic acid and its salt; acrylic acid ester; methacrylic acid and its salt; methacrylic acid ester; acrylamide; N-methylacrylamide.
- N-ethylacrylamide N, N-dimethylacrylamide, diacetoneacrylamide, acrylamide propanesulfonic acid and its salts, acrylamidepropyldimethylamine and its salts or quaternary salts thereof, N-methylolacrylamide and its derivatives and other acrylamide derivatives; Methalamide; N-methylmethacrylate, N-ethylmethacrylate, methacrylicamide propanesulfonic acid and its salt, methacrylicamide propyldimethylamine and its salt or its quaternary salt, N-methylolmethacrylate and its derivatives and the like.
- vinyl ethers such as methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n-propyl vinyl ether, i-propyl vinyl ether, n-butyl vinyl ether, i-butyl vinyl ether, t-butyl vinyl ether, dodecyl vinyl ether, stearyl vinyl ether; nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
- Vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride and vinyl fluoride; Vinylidene halides such as vinylidene chloride and vinylidene fluoride; allyl compounds such as allyl acetate and allyl chloride; unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as maleic acid, itaconic acid and fumaric acid and Examples thereof include the salt or an ester thereof; a vinylsilyl compound such as vinyltrimethoxysilane; isopropenyl acetate and the like.
- the content of the unit (monomer unit) derived from these monomers varies depending on the purpose and use of use, but is preferably 10 mol% or less, more preferably less than 5 mol%, and less than 1 mol%.
- the vinyl alcohol-based polymer (b2) is an ethylene-modified PVA containing ethylene units
- the ethylene units may be contained in the range of 10 mol% or less in all the monomer units.
- the lower limit of the content of the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) in the water-soluble layer (B) is preferably 60% by mass, more preferably 70% by mass, and even more preferably 80% by mass.
- the upper limit of the content of the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) in the water-soluble layer (B) may be 99.9% by mass, 99% by mass, or 95% by mass.
- the water-soluble layer (B) preferably further contains a plasticizer (b3).
- a plasticizer (b3) By containing the plasticizer (b3), the melt moldability of the resin such as the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) and the solubility in water (W) are improved.
- the molecular weight of the plasticizer (b3) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10,000 or less, more preferably 2,000 or less, further preferably 200 or less, and particularly preferably 100 or less from the viewpoint of peelability.
- the lower limit of the content of the plasticizer (b3) in the water-soluble layer (B) is preferably 3% by mass, more preferably 5% by mass, still more preferably 8% by mass.
- the upper limit of the content of the plasticizer (b3) is preferably 45% by mass, more preferably 30% by mass, still more preferably 20% by mass.
- the component constituting the plasticizer (b3) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of glycerin, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyglycerin, mannitol, sorbitol, and pentaerythritol, preferably glycerin, polyethylene glycol, and mannitol. And at least one selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, and particularly preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of glycerin, mannitol and sorbitol.
- the water-soluble layer (B) is other than the alkali metal ion (b1), the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) or other water-soluble resin, and the plasticizer (b3) as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. It may contain other components. Other components include, for example, polyvalent metal ions, carboxylic acids, phosphoric acid compounds, oxidation accelerators, antioxidants, heat stabilizers (melt stabilizers), photoinitiators, deodorants, ultraviolet absorbers, antistatic agents. , Lubricants, colorants, fillers, desiccants, fillers, pigments, dyes, processing aids, flame retardants, antifogging agents and the like. The content of the other components in the water-soluble layer (B) is usually 5% by mass or less, preferably 3% by mass or less, and more preferably 1% by mass or less.
- the water-soluble layer (B) is preferably composed of a resin composition containing a vinyl alcohol-based polymerization (b2).
- the method for preparing the resin composition containing the vinyl alcohol-based polymer (b2) is not particularly limited, and the alkali metal ion (b1), the vinyl alcohol-based polymer (b2), the plasticizer (b3) and, if necessary, other materials are used. Any method may be used as long as the components can be uniformly mixed.
- the vinyl alcohol-based polymer composition is, for example, a method of blending an alkali metal ion (b1), a vinyl alcohol-based polymer (b2) and a plasticizer (b3) and then melt-kneading to pelletize them.
- a method of kneading and pelletizing while separately charging the metal ion (b1), the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2) and the plasticizer (b3) at a constant ratio, and the alkali metal ion (b1) in the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2). ) Is introduced in advance, and then the plasticizer (b3) is blended and then melt-kneaded for pelletization.
- the alkali metal ion (b1) is introduced into the vinyl alcohol-based polymer (b2) in advance, and then the melt-kneader It can be prepared by a method of kneading and pelletizing while separately charging the vinyl alcohol-based polymer (b2) and the plasticizing agent (b3) at a constant ratio.
- the water-soluble layer (B) used in the present invention is a layer in which a part or all of the constituent main components are dissolved in water (W), and a part or all of the constituent main components is 20 ° C. to 95 ° C. It may be a layer that dissolves when it comes into contact with water (W). Further, in the water-soluble layer (B), when 1 part by mass of the water-soluble layer (B) is stirred in 100 parts by mass of hot pure water at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, a part or all of its main component is dissolved. It may be a layer.
- the average thickness of the water-soluble layer (B) per layer is not particularly limited, but the lower limit thereof is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m, still more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 1 ⁇ m. preferable.
- the upper limit of this average thickness 100 ⁇ m is preferable, 60 ⁇ m is more preferable, 40 ⁇ m is further preferable, and 20 ⁇ m is further preferable.
- the adhesive layer (C) is usually a layer having adhesiveness to the water-soluble layer (B) and any other thermoplastic resin layer (D).
- the adhesive layer (C) is, for example, a layer containing an adhesive resin as a main component.
- the adhesive layer (C) preferably contains a carboxylic acid-modified polyolefin as a main component.
- the carboxylic acid-modified polyolefin include a modified olefin-based polymer containing a carboxyl group obtained by chemically bonding an unsaturated carboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof to an olefin-based polymer by an addition reaction, a graft reaction, or the like. Can be done.
- Examples of the unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride include maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, hexahydromaleic anhydride and the like, and among them, maleic anhydride.
- maleic anhydride graft-modified polyethylene maleic anhydride graft-modified polypropylene, maleic anhydride graft-modified ethylene-propylene copolymer, maleic anhydride graft-modified ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, maleic anhydride graft-modified ethylene.
- One or a mixture of two or more selected from a vinyl acetate copolymer or the like is preferable.
- Adhesion may be improved by mixing a rubber / elastomer component such as polyisobutylene or ethylene-propylene rubber with an adhesive resin or a polyolefin resin different from the polyolefin resin that is the base of the adhesive resin.
- a rubber / elastomer component such as polyisobutylene or ethylene-propylene rubber
- an adhesive resin or a polyolefin resin different from the polyolefin resin that is the base of the adhesive resin.
- the adhesive layer (C) may be a layer formed by an anchor coating agent, an adhesive or the like. Further, in the adhesive layer (C), the surface of one of the two layers to be adhered (for example, the water-soluble layer (B)) is treated with a known anchor coating agent, or the surface of one of the layers is known. It can also be formed by applying an adhesive.
- an adhesive a two-component reaction type polyurethane adhesive in which a polyisocyanate component and a polyol component are mixed and reacted is preferable. Further, the adhesiveness may be further improved by adding a small amount of an additive such as a known silane coupling agent to the anchor coating agent or the adhesive.
- the silane coupling agent include, but are not limited to, a silane coupling agent having a reactive group such as an isocyanate group, an epoxy group, an amino group, a ureido group, and a mercapto group.
- the average thickness of the adhesive layer (C) per layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.03 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
- thermoplastic resin layer (D) It is preferable that the multilayer structure of the present invention further has another thermoplastic resin layer (D).
- the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) is a layer containing a thermoplastic resin as a main component.
- the thermoplastic resin constituting the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) is not particularly limited, and is linear low-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, vinyl ester resin, and ethylene.
- thermoplastic resin in the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) is preferably 80% by mass or more and 100% by mass or more, and may be 90% by mass or more or 99% by mass or more.
- the density of the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) is preferably 1.0 g / cm 3 or less, more preferably less than 1.0 g / cm 3 , and 0. It is more preferably .95 g / cm 3 or less.
- the lower limit of the density of the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) may be, for example, 0.8 g / cm 3 or 0.85 g / cm 3 .
- the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) may contain additives, such as heat stabilizers, antioxidants, UV absorbers, plasticizers, antistatic agents, lubricants, colorants, fillers, stabilizers, surfactants. Examples thereof include agents, cross-linking agents, and fiber reinforcing agents. Above all, it is preferable to contain at least one selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers and colorants.
- the average thickness of the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) per layer is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 1,000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less.
- the adhesive layer (C) is laminated on one or both surfaces of the barrier layer (A) via the water-soluble layer (B).
- any other layer may be provided in addition to the barrier layer (A), the water-soluble layer (B), the adhesive layer (C) and the other thermoplastic resin layer (D).
- another thermoplastic resin layer (D) it is preferable that the water-soluble layer (B) and the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) are bonded via the adhesive layer (C).
- the number of layers of each layer is not particularly limited, and may be one layer or two or more layers.
- a multi-layer structure having a layer structure of (C) / (B) / (A) is finally obtained.
- a multilayer structure having a layer structure of (D) / (C) / (B) / (A) / (B) / (C) / (D) is preferable.
- the laminating method include (1) a method of co-extruding each resin, and (2) a multilayer film having a barrier layer (A) and a water-soluble layer (B) in advance [for example, (B) / (A) /.
- Multilayer film having the layer structure of (B)] Multilayer film having the barrier layer (A), the water-soluble layer (B) and the adhesive layer (C) [for example, (C) / (B) / (A) / (B) / (C) multilayer film] and the like are prepared, and other resins are melt-extruded onto them, and (3) a single-layer film made of other resins on the multilayer film. Examples thereof include a method of dry laminating a multilayer film using a known adhesive.
- a multilayer film having a layer structure of [outside] (D) / (C) / (B) / (A) / (B) / (C) [inside] is formed. Then, it is also possible to obtain the film by fusing the insides of the tubular film with heat or the like and winding the film.
- the molding temperature at the time of melt molding is often selected from the range of 150 to 300 ° C.
- the multilayer structure of the present invention is not limited to the one having the layer structure of (D) / (C) / (B) / (A) / (B) / (C) / (D) described above, and the other layers thereof.
- the resin and composition used for the layers having the same symbol in the layer structure may be the same or different.
- the multilayer structure of the present invention does not contain paper.
- it is also preferable that all the layers are layers containing a resin as a main component.
- the lower limit of the number of layers of the multilayer structure of the present invention is 3, preferably 5 and more preferably 7.
- the upper limit of the number of layers may be, for example, 15, 11, or 9 or 7.
- the layer structure of the multilayer structure of the present invention may be, for example, a symmetrical layer structure centered on the barrier layer (A) or an asymmetrical layer structure.
- the symmetrical layer structure may be one in which only the order of arrangement of the layers is symmetrical, or may be one in which the thickness of each layer is also symmetrical.
- the solubility parameter (SP A ) of the resin constituting the main component of the barrier layer (A) in the multilayer structure of the present invention is preferably 11.0 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more.
- the solubility parameter of the barrier layer (A) is within the above range, the barrier layer (A) can easily accept the alkali metal ion (b1) transferred from the water-soluble layer (B), and as a result, the barrier layer after separation and recovery.
- the viscosity stability of the resin (A) is improved.
- the solubility parameter (SP A ) is more preferably 12.5 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more, and even more preferably 13.0 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more.
- the upper limit of this solubility parameter (SP A ) may be, for example, 15.0 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or 14.0 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 .
- the solubility parameter is a value obtained by the Fedors equation (Polym. Eng. Sci., 14 [2], 147 (1974)).
- the ratio (SP A / SP B ) of the solubility parameter (SP A ) of the barrier layer (A) to the solubility parameter (SP B ) of the resin constituting the main component of the water-soluble layer (B) in the multilayer structure of the present invention is. It is preferably 0.60 or more and 0.95 or less.
- the ratio of the solubility parameter is 0.60 or more, the alkali metal ion (b1) transferred from the water-soluble layer (B) is quickly accepted into the barrier layer (A), and as a result, the barrier after separation and recovery is achieved.
- the viscosity stability of the resin of the layer (A) is improved.
- the lower limit of the ratio of the solubility parameter is more preferably 0.70 and even more preferably 0.80.
- the ratio of the solubility parameter is 0.95 or less, the affinity of the water-soluble layer (B) for water is increased, and as a result, the separability of the multilayer structure in water is improved.
- the upper limit of the ratio of the solubility parameter is more preferably 0.94, still more preferably 0.92.
- the solubility parameter (SP B ) of the resin constituting the main component of the water-soluble layer (B) is, for example, 13.0 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more and 18.0 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or less. It is preferable that 14.0 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more and 16.5 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or less are more preferable.
- the density of the barrier layer (A) in the multilayer structure of the present invention is 1.0 g / cm 3 or more, and the overall density of the layers other than the barrier layer (A) and the water-soluble layer (B) is 1.0 g / cm. It is preferably cm 3 or less.
- the barrier layer (A) settles in water after separating the multilayer structure in water, and layers other than the barrier layer (A) and the water-soluble layer (B) (for example, an adhesive layer (for example, an adhesive layer) Since C) and the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) are suspended in water, the separability is improved.
- the density of the barrier layer (A) is more preferably 1.00 g / cm 3 or more, further preferably 1.05 g / cm 3 or more, and even more preferably 1.10 g / cm 3 or more.
- the upper limit of the density of the barrier layer (A) may be, for example, 1.4 g / cm 3 or 1.3 g / cm 3 .
- the overall density of the layers other than the barrier layer (A) and the water-soluble layer (B) (for example, the adhesive layer (C) and the other thermoplastic resin layer (D)) is more preferably less than 1.00 g / cm 3 . , 0.98 g / cm 3 or less is more preferable, and 0.95 g / cm 3 or less is even more preferable.
- the lower limit of the total density of the layers other than the barrier layer (A) and the water-soluble layer (B) may be 0.8 g / cm 3 or 0.85 g / cm 3 .
- the oxygen permeability (OTR) of the multilayer structure of the present invention may be adjusted according to the intended use and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 cc / ( m2.day.atm ) or less.
- a multi-layer structure having an OTR in the above range is suitably used as a packaging material or the like.
- the OTR is more preferably 4 cc / (m 2 .day. Atm) or less, the OTR is even more preferably 3 cc / (m 2 .day. Atm) or less, and particularly preferably 2 cc / (m 2 .day. Atm) or less. It is measured according to JIS K 7126-2 (isopressure method; 2006), and specifically, the method described in the examples is adopted.
- the above-mentioned various additives, modifiers, fillers, other resins and the like are added to each layer of the multilayer structure of the present invention as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. It can also be added with.
- the separation method of the present invention a part or all of the water-soluble layer (B) is dissolved by contacting the multilayer structure with water (W) at 20 ° C to 95 ° C, and the barrier layer (A) is dissolved in water (W). ) Is settled and the substance (Y) containing the adhesive layer (C) is suspended. At this time, while raising the temperature of the water (W) is expected to have the effect of removing the adhering contaminants, the separation efficiency may decrease due to the convection of the water (W). ..
- the multilayer structure of the present invention contains another thermoplastic resin layer (D)
- the substance (Y) preferably contains an adhesive layer (C) and another thermoplastic resin layer (D).
- the size of the multilayer structure dropped on the water (W) is not particularly limited, but in the case of the multilayer structure, it is preferably smaller than 10 cm square in order to promote delamination.
- vigorous stirring is performed to promote delamination, and then the mixture is allowed to stand to achieve efficient separation.
- the settling substance (X) and the floating substance (Y) are recovered, washed with pure water or the like as necessary, dried, and then melt-molded using an extruder to be recycled resin. Can be re-pelletized as.
- Various molded bodies are manufactured using the pellets thus obtained. That is, the method for recycling the multilayer structure of the present invention is achieved by independently melt-molding the substance (X) and the substance (Y) recovered by the above-mentioned separation method.
- the multi-layer structure is crushed before being dropped into water (W) or in water (W) to form crushed pieces. By obtaining it, the substance (X) and the substance (Y) can be efficiently separated.
- chloride salts such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride may be dissolved in water (W) as solutes. That is, the water (W) may be an aqueous solution containing a solute or pure water containing no solute.
- the concentration of chloride salt or the like required to develop the required specific density w of water (W) is preferably 40% by mass or less.
- the concentration of the chloride salt or the like required to develop the required specific gravity w of water (W) is 10% by mass or more than the saturation concentration of the chloride salt or the like. Small is preferable.
- the concentration of the chloride salt or the like required to develop the required specific gravity w of water (W) and the saturation concentration of the chloride salt or the like can be dissolved. The time required can be shortened, and the precipitation of chloride salts and the like in the separation tank and the substance after separation can be suppressed, and the process can be stabilized.
- Example 1 Preparation of EVOH resin composition pellets EVOH resin pellets (ethylene content 38 mol%, saponification degree 99.6 mol%, MFR (190 ° C., 2.16 kg load) 1.69 g / 10 min, oxygen permeability (1) (20 ° C., 65% RH conditions) 0.71 cc / 20 ⁇ m / ( m2 / day / atm), sodium ion 250 ppm, phosphate ion 90 ppm, orthoboric acid as a boron compound (180 ppm in terms of boron element) and steer The acid (manufactured by Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was melt-kneaded so that the content of stearic acid in the obtained resin composition was 1100 ppm to obtain EVOH resin composition pellets.
- EVOH resin composition pellets ethylene content 38 mol%, saponification degree 99.6 mol%, MFR (190 ° C., 2.16 kg load) 1.69 g
- the vinyl acetate polymer obtained by polymerizing vinyl acetate by a conventional method was saponified by a conventional method to obtain PVA having a viscosity average polymerization degree of 800 and a saponification degree of 88 mol%.
- a conventional method to obtain PVA having a viscosity average polymerization degree of 800 and a saponification degree of 88 mol%.
- an aqueous sodium acetate solution is added so that the sodium ion content is 800 ppm, and the mixture is melt-kneaded.
- PVA resin composition pellets were obtained.
- the barrier layer (A) is made of the EVOH resin composition
- the water-soluble layer (B) is made of the PVA resin composition
- the adhesive layer is formed.
- (C) is made of maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene (“Admer NF518” manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd.)
- the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) is made of low-density polyethylene (LDPE; “Novatec LJ400” manufactured by Nippon Polyethylene Co., Ltd.).
- the film forming conditions at this time are shown below.
- Co-extrusion condition Extrusion temperature of barrier layer (A): Supply section / compression section / measuring section / die 170/210/210/210 ° C.
- Extruder Barrier layer (A) 32 ⁇ extruder UT-32-H type (manufactured by Plastic Engineering Laboratory Co., Ltd.) ⁇ Water-soluble layer (B) 40 ⁇ extruder GT-40-A type (manufactured by Plastic Engineering Laboratory Co., Ltd.) ⁇ Adhesive layer (C) 40 ⁇ extruder GT-40-L type (manufactured by Plastic Engineering Laboratory Co., Ltd.) -Other thermoplastic resin layer (D) 65 ⁇ extruder SZW65GT-22MG-STD type (manufactured by Technobel Co., Ltd.) T-die: 600 mm width for 4 types and 7 layers (manufactured by Cloeren Incorporated) Cooling roll temperature: 60 ° C Pick-up speed: 4.5m / min
- Adhesiveness evaluation The adhesive strength under high humidity conditions was measured under the following conditions as an index of the interlayer adhesiveness between the water-soluble layer (B) and the adhesive layer (C) in the multilayer structure produced in (3). .. After adjusting the humidity for 7 days in an atmosphere of 40 ° C. and 90% RH, a strip-shaped test piece of 15 mm ⁇ 200 mm was cut out. The obtained test piece was measured for T-type peel strength (gf / 15 mm) under the conditions of a chuck interval of 50 mm and a tensile speed of 250 mm / min using an "Autograph AGS-H type" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The measurement was performed on 5 test pieces, and the average value was taken as the adhesive strength.
- Adhesive strength is strong and cannot be peeled off, or adhesive strength is 150 g / 15 mm or more
- B Adhesive strength 50 g / 15 mm or more and less than 150 g / 15 mm
- C Adhesive strength 15 g / 15 mm or more and less than 50 g / 15 mm
- D Adhesive strength 15 g / 15 mm Less than
- Example 2 An EVOH resin composition pellet and a multilayer structure were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the components constituting the barrier layer (A) and the water-soluble layer (B) were changed as shown in Tables 1 and 2. Various physical properties were evaluated.
- Example 2 as the vinyl alcohol polymer (b2), PVA having a viscosity average degree of polymerization of 600 and a saponification degree of 80 mol% and PVA having a viscosity average polymerization degree of 800 and a saponification degree of 74 mol% are weight-ratio. The one blended at 70/30 was used.
- Example 3 PEG (molecular weight 1,000, (“CARBOX” 1000 manufactured by Dow)) was used instead of glycerin as the plasticizer (b3).
- mannitol was used instead of glycerin as the plasticizer (b3).
- sorbitol was used instead of glycerin as the plasticizer (b3).
- Example 9 a potassium hydroxide / methanol solution (concentration 4% by mass) was used instead of the sodium hydroxide / methanol solution (concentration 4% by mass) as the saponification catalyst solution in the PVA saponification step.
- Example 10 ethylene-modified PVA (ethylene-modified amount 8 mol%) was used instead of PVA.
- Example 13 The multilayer structure is the same as in Example 1 except that the EVOH resin pellet and sodium stearate are not melt-kneaded and the barrier layer (A) is formed by using the EVOH resin pellet instead of the EVOH resin composition pellet.
- a body was prepared and various physical properties were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 15 A multilayer structure ((D) / (B) / (A) / (B) / (D)) was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin was not poured into the extruder of the adhesive layer (C). did.
- the other thermoplastic resin layer (D) was removed from the obtained multilayer structure to obtain a two-kind, three-layer multilayer structure ((B) / (A) / (B)).
- the obtained two-kind, three-layer multilayer structure film and biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film (“Lumira-P60” manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc., average thickness 12 ⁇ m) were each cut into A4 size and dry-laminated on both sides of the multilayer film.
- a transparent laminated film consisting of 7 layers is obtained by applying an adhesive for dry laminating so that the outer layer is a polyester film and the inner layer is a multi-layer structure of 2 types and 3 layers, and the film is dried at 80 ° C. for 3 minutes. rice field.
- an adhesive for dry laminating a two-component adhesive (“Takelac A-520” by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. and “Takenate A-50” by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) was used. The amount of the adhesive applied was 4.0 g / m 2 , and after laminating, curing was carried out at 40 ° C. for 3 days to obtain a laminated film.
- Various physical properties of the obtained laminated film were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 16 Water (W) used for the separability evaluation of the laminated film obtained in the same manner as in Example 15 and the viscosity stability of the barrier layer (A) after separation and recovery was added to a 25 mass% sodium chloride aqueous solution (specific gravity 1.20). Various physical properties were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film was changed and the floating film was collected after standing. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the multilayer structure of each example is excellent in adhesiveness between layers under high humidity, separability in water, and viscosity stability after separation and recovery.
- the multilayer structure of Comparative Example 1 having no water-soluble layer (B) was inferior in separability in water and viscosity stability after separation and recovery.
- the multilayer structure of Comparative Example 2 in which the water-soluble layer (B) having a small amount of alkali metal ions (b1) was formed was inferior in the adhesiveness between the layers under high humidity, and the viscosity stability after separation and recovery was also lowered.
- the multilayer structure of the present invention can be suitably used as a food packaging material and other packaging materials. Further, it is possible to realize a multilayer structure having excellent viscosity stability when the barrier layer after separation is recovered and reused. Therefore, the multilayer structure of the present invention can be suitably used for a recycling method having a recovery step in which each layer is separated by exposure to water and reused.
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Abstract
Description
[1]バリア層(A)、水溶性層(B)及び接着層(C)を含む多層構造体であって、バリア層(A)の一方又は両方の面に水溶性層(B)を介して接着層(C)が積層され、バリア層(A)がポリアミド又はエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(a1)を主成分として有し、水溶性層(B)がアルカリ金属イオン(b1)を10ppm以上2000ppm以下含有する、多層構造体;
[2]水溶性層(B)がビニルアルコール系重合体(b2)を主成分として有する、[1]の多層構造体;
[3]ビニルアルコール系重合体(b2)の粘度平均重合度が400以上2000以下である、[2]の多層構造体;
[4]ビニルアルコール系重合体(b2)のケン化度が70モル%以上95モル%以下である、[2]又は[3]の多層構造体;
[5]ビニルアルコール系重合体(b2)における、ビニルアルコール単位とビニルエステル単位の含有量の合計が95モル%以上である、[2]~[4]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[6]水溶性層(B)に含まれるアルカリ金属イオン(b1)がナトリウムイオンである、[1]~[5]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[7]水溶性層(B)がさらに可塑剤(b3)を含有し、可塑剤(b3)を構成する成分が、グリセリン、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリグリセリン、マンニトール、ソルビトール、及びペンタエリスリトールからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、[1]~[6]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[8]バリア層(A)の主成分を構成する樹脂の溶解度パラメーターが11.0(cal/cm3)1/2以上であり、かつ水溶性層(B)の主成分を構成する樹脂の溶解度パラメーター(SPB)に対するバリア層(A)の溶解度パラメーター(SPA)の比(SPA/SPB)が0.60以上0.95以下である、[1]~[7]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[9]バリア層(A)がエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を主成分として有する、[1]~[8]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[10]バリア層(A)がさらにアルカリ金属イオン(a2)を50ppm以上500ppm以下含有する、[1]~[9]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[11]バリア層(A)がさらに高級脂肪酸又はその塩を1ppm以上5000ppm以下含有する、[1]~[10]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[12]バリア層(A)がさらにホウ素化合物をホウ素元素換算で1ppm以上300ppm以下含有する、[1]~[11]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[13]接着層(C)がカルボン酸変性ポリオレフィンを主成分として有する、[1]~[12]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[14]さらに他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)を含有し、他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)の密度が1.0g/cm3以下である、[1]~[13]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[15]バリア層(A)の密度が1.0g/cm3以上であり、かつバリア層(A)及び水溶性相(B)以外の層の全体の密度が1.0g/cm3以下である、[1]~[14]のいずれかの多層構造体;
[16][1]~[15]のいずれかの多層構造体を20℃~95℃の水(W)に接触させることで水溶性層(B)の一部又は全部を溶解させ、水(W)中でバリア層(A)を含む物質(X)を沈降させ、接着層(C)を含む物質(Y)を浮遊させる分離方法;
[17][16]の分離方法で回収された物質(X)及び物質(Y)をそれぞれ独立に溶融成形する、多層構造体のリサイクル方法;
を提供することにより解決される。
バリア層(A)を構成する主成分の樹脂はポリアミド又はEVOHである。ポリアミド又はEVOHを主成分として有することにより、多層構造体の酸素バリア性が向上する。分離回収後のリサイクル性の観点から、バリア層(A)を構成する主成分の樹脂はEVOHがより好ましい。
水溶性層(B)はアルカリ金属イオン(b1)を10ppm以上2000ppm以下含有する。アルカリ金属イオン(b1)の含有量が上記範囲であると、多層構造体の分離の際に水溶性層(B)中のアルカリ金属イオン(b1)の一部がバリア層(A)に移行し、分離回収工程においてバリア層が水中にさらされた場合も、そのバリア層を構成する樹脂の分離回収後の粘度安定性に優れる。アルカリ金属イオン(b1)の含有量が10ppm未満であると、多層構造体の分離の際に水溶性層(B)中のアルカリ金属イオン(b1)のバリア層(A)への移行が十分に進行せず、結果として分離回収後のバリア層(A)を構成する樹脂の粘度安定性が低下する。アルカリ金属イオン(b1)の含有量の下限は100ppmが好ましく、200ppmがさらに好ましく、500ppmが特に好ましい。一方、アルカリ金属イオン(b1)の含有量が2000ppmを超えると、長時間溶融混練したときの粘度低下が激しく、溶融成形性が悪化する場合がある。アルカリ金属イオン(b1)の含有量の上限は1500ppmが好ましく、1200ppmがさらに好ましく、1000ppmが特に好ましい。
P=([η]×104/8.29)(1/0.62)
接着層(C)は、通常、水溶性層(B)及び任意の層である他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)との接着性を有する層である。接着層(C)は、例えば、接着性樹脂を主成分とする層である。接着層(C)は、カルボン酸変性ポリオレフィンを主成分として有することが好ましい。カルボン酸変性ポリオレフィンとしては、例えば不飽和カルボン酸又はその無水物をオレフィン系重合体に付加反応やグラフト反応等により化学的に結合させて得られるカルボキシル基を含有する変性オレフィン系重合体を挙げることができる。不飽和カルボン酸又はその無水物としては、マレイン酸、無水マレイン酸、フマル酸、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸等が挙げられ、中でも、無水マレイン酸が好適に用いられる。具体的には、無水マレイン酸グラフト変性ポリエチレン、無水マレイン酸グラフト変性ポリプロピレン、無水マレイン酸グラフト変性エチレン-プロピレン共重合体、無水マレイン酸グラフト変性エチレン-エチルアクリレート共重合体、無水マレイン酸グラフト変性エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体等から選ばれた1種又は2種以上の混合物が好適なものとして挙げられる。
本発明の多層構造体はさらに他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)を有していることが好ましい。他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)は、熱可塑性樹脂を主成分とする層である。他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)を構成する熱可塑性樹脂としては特に限定されず、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、中密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、ビニルエステル樹脂、エチレン-プロピレン共重合体、ポリプロピレン、プロピレン-α-オレフィン共重合体(炭素数4~20のα-オレフィン)、ポリブテン、ポリペンテンなどのオレフィンの単独、またはその共重合体、ポリエチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステル、ポリスチレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、アクリル樹脂、ポリカーボネート、塩素化ポリエチレン、塩素化ポリプロピレン等が挙げられる。中でも、リサイクル性の観点から、ポリオレフィンが好ましい。他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)における熱可塑性樹脂の含有量は、80質量%以上100質量%以上が好ましく、90質量%以上又は99質量%以上であってもよい。
本発明の多層構造体は、バリア層(A)の一方又は両方の面に水溶性層(B)を介して接着層(C)が積層される。この場合、バリア層(A)、水溶性層(B)、接着層(C)及び他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)以外に任意の他の層を設けても良い。他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)が設けられる場合、水溶性層(B)と他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)とが、接着層(C)を介して接着されていることが好ましい。なお、各層の層数は、特に限定されず、1層であってもよく、2層以上であってもよい。
本発明の分離方法は多層構造体を20℃~95℃の水(W)に接触させることで水溶性層(B)の一部又は全部を溶解させ、水(W)中でバリア層(A)を含む物質(X)を沈降させ、接着層(C)を含む物質(Y)を浮遊させることで達成される。この際、水(W)の温度を上げることで、付着している汚染物などを除去する効果が期待される一方で、水(W)の対流などにより、分離効率が低下する可能性がある。また、本発明の多層構造体に他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)を含む場合、物質(Y)は接着層(C)及び他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)を含むことが好ましい。また、水(W)に投下される多層構造体の大きさも特に制限されないが、多層構造体の場合は層間剥離を促進するため、10cm四方よりも小さいことが好ましい。また、投下直後は激しく撹拌して層間剥離を促進させ、次いで静置することで効率的に分離を達成することができる。分離が完了した後、沈降する物質(X)及び浮遊する物質(Y)をそれぞれ回収し、必要に応じて純水等で洗浄し、乾燥した後、押出機を用いて溶融成形し、リサイクル樹脂として再ペレット化することができる。こうして得られたペレットを用いて、様々な成形体が製造される。すなわち、本発明の多層構造体のリサイクル方法は、上記した分離方法で回収された物質(X)及び物質(Y)をそれぞれ独立に溶融成形することで達成される。
(1)EVOH樹脂組成物ペレットの作製
EVOH樹脂ペレット(エチレン含有量38モル%、ケン化度99.6モル%、MFR(190℃、2.16kg荷重)1.69g/10min、酸素透過度(20℃、65%RH条件下)0.71cc・20μm/(m2・day・atm)、ナトリウムイオンを250ppm、リン酸イオンを90ppm、ホウ素化合物としてオルトホウ酸をホウ素元素換算で180ppm含む)とステアリン酸(富士フィルム和光純薬株式会社製)とを、得られる樹脂組成物中のステアリン酸の含有量が1100ppmとなるように溶融混練して、EVOH樹脂組成物ペレットを得た。溶融混練は、株式会社東洋精機製作所製25mm押出機(D(mm)=25、L/D=25、圧縮比=2.0、スクリュー:同方向完全噛合型)を使用し、樹脂温度が220℃となるように行った。なお、得られたEVOH樹脂組成物ペレットの比重は、1.2であった。また、このEVOH樹脂組成物ペレットに含まれるEVOHの溶解度パラメーターは、13.5(cal/cm3)1/2であった。
[粘度平均重合度及びケン化度]
ビニルアルコール系重合体の粘度平均重合度及びケン化度は、JIS K6726(1994年)に記載の方法により求めた。
共押出多層キャスト製膜装置を用いて、バリア層(A)が前記EVOH樹脂組成物からなり、水溶性層(B)が前記PVA樹脂組成物からなり、接着層(C)が無水マレイン酸変性ポリエチレン(三井化学株式会社製「アドマー NF518」)からなり、他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)が低密度ポリエチレン(LDPE;日本ポリエチレン社製「ノバテックLJ400」)からなる多層構造体((D)/(C)/(B)/(A)/(B)/(C)/(D)=50μm/5μm/5μm/5μm/5μm/5μm/50μmの層平均厚みと層構成を有する7層共押出多層キャストフィルム)を得た。このときの製膜条件は以下に示す。
共押出条件
バリア層(A)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=170/210/210/210℃
水溶性層(B)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=170/200/200/210℃
接着層(C)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=170/210/210/210℃
他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=170/210/210/210℃
押出機:
・バリア層(A) 32φ押出機 UT-32-H型(株式会社プラスチック工学研究所製)
・水溶性層(B) 40φ押出機 GT-40-A型(株式会社プラスチック工学研究所製)
・接着層(C) 40φ押出機 GT-40-L型(株式会社プラスチック工学研究所製)
・他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D) 65φ押出機 SZW65GT-22MG-STD型(株式会社テクノベル製)
Tダイ:600mm幅4種7層用(Cloeren Incorporated社製)
冷却ロールの温度:60℃
引取速度:4.5m/分
(3)で作製した多層構造体における、水溶性層(B)と接着層(C)との層間接着性の指標として、下記条件で高湿条件における接着強度を測定した。40℃90%RHの雰囲気下で7日間調湿したのち、15mm×200mmの短冊状の試験片を切出した。得られた試験片について、島津製作所製「オートグラフAGS-H型」にて、チャック間隔50mm、引張速度250mm/分の条件でT型剥離強度(gf/15mm)の測定を行った。測定は5つの試験片について行い、その平均値を接着強度とした。判定基準は下記の通りとした。結果を表1に示す。
A:接着力が強く、剥離できなかった、又は接着強度150g/15mm以上
B:接着強度50g/15mm以上150g/15mm未満
C:接着強度15g/15mm以上50g/15mm未満
D:接着強度15g/15mm未満
(5-1)剥離性評価
(3)で作製した多層構造体を1cm角の正方形に10枚切り出し、試験片を得た。得られた試験片を、水(W)としての温度80℃の純水中で30分間撹拌した後、静置することで剥離性を評価した。判定基準は下記の通りとした。結果を表1に示す。
A:撹拌中、分離はすみやかに達成され、剥離されず多層のまま残ったフィルムは2枚以下であった
B:撹拌中、分離はすみやかに達成され、剥離されず多層のまま残ったフィルムは3~4枚であった
C:撹拌中、分離はゆっくりと進み、剥離されず多層のまま残ったフィルムは5~6枚であった
D:撹拌中、時間がたっても分離は完了しなかったか、又は剥離されず多層のまま残ったフィルムが7枚以上であった
(5-1)と同様にして試験片を作製し、試験した。試験後、静置することでバリア層(A)側のフィルム及び接着層(C)側のフィルムとの分別性、すなわち、両者が沈降又は浮遊することで分別できることを以下の判定基準で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
A:撹拌停止後、バリア層(A)側のフィルム及び接着層(C)側のフィルムがそれぞれ水(W)中で沈降又は浮遊し、水(W)中の下部又は上部に分かれた状態となった
B:撹拌停止後、バリア層(A)側のフィルム及び接着層(C)側のフィルムが水(W)中でともに沈降又は浮遊し、水(W)中の下部又は上部のどちらかに集まった状態となった
まず、分離前のトルク値を測定するために、(1)で作製したEVOH樹脂組成物を用い、下記条件で株式会社東洋精機製作所製ローラミキサーR60により混練し、混練後60分経過した時のトルク値(T1)を測定した。
次に、分離後のトルク値を測定するために、(3)で作製した多層構造体を1cm角の正方形に200枚切り出し、試験片を得た。得られた試験片を、水(W)としての温度80℃の純水中で1時間撹拌した後、静置することで多層構造体の分離を実施した。その後、水(W)中に沈降したフィルム片のみを取り出し、乾燥してフィルム中の水分を除去した。同様の操作を繰り返し行い、バリア層(A)の乾燥フィルム片を100g得た。得られたフィルム片を用い、下記条件で株式会社東洋精機製作所製ローラミキサーR60により混練し、60分経過した時のトルク値をT2とした。
得られたT1及びT2に基づき、分離後のバリア層(A)の粘度安定性を下記の通り判定した。
判定が良いものほど、分離回収後の粘度安定性が高いことを表している。結果を表1に示す。
<ミキサー条件>
スクリュー回転数:100rpm
温度設定:230℃
時間:60分
雰囲気:窒素
A:0.8<T2/T1≦1.2
B:0.5≦T2/T1≦0.8、1.2<T2/T1≦1.5
C:0.3≦T2/T1<0.5、1.5<T2/T1≦2
D:T2/T1<0.3、2<T2/T1
バリア層(A)及び水溶性層(B)を構成する成分を表1、2に示す通りに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてEVOH樹脂組成物ペレット及び多層構造体を作製し、各種物性を評価した。なお、実施例2においては、ビニルアルコール系重合体(b2)として粘度平均重合度600、ケン化度80モル%のPVAと、粘度平均重合度800、ケン化度74モル%のPVAを重量比70/30でブレンドしたものを用いた。実施例3においては、可塑剤(b3)をグリセリンに代えてPEG(分子量1,000、(Dow社製「CARBOWAX」 1000))を用いた。実施例4においては、可塑剤(b3)をグリセリンに代えてマンニトールを用いた。実施例5においては、可塑剤(b3)をグリセリンに代えてソルビトールを用いた。実施例9においてはPVAのケン化工程におけるケン化触媒溶液を水酸化ナトリウム/メタノール溶液(濃度4質量%)に代えて水酸化カリウム/メタノール溶液(濃度4質量%)を用いた。実施例10においてはPVAに代えてエチレン変性PVA(エチレン変性量8モル%)を用いた。また、比較例1においては水溶性層(B)を設けず、(D)/(C)/(A)/(C)/(D)=50μm/5μm/5μm/5μm/50μmの層平均厚みと層構成を有する5層共押出多層キャストフィルムの多層構造体を得た。結果を表1、2に示す。また、比較例3では製膜中のゲル化が激しく、適切な多層構造体を作製することができなかった。
バリア層(A)としてポリアミド6/66(BASF社製「Ultramid C40L」)を使用し、共押出の温度を以下の通り変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして多層構造体を作製し、各種物性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
共押出条件
バリア層(A)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=200/220/220/220℃
水溶性層(B)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=170/200/200/220℃
接着層(C)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=170/210/210/220℃
他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=170/210/210/220℃
バリア層(A)としてポリアミド12(宇部興産株式会社製「UBESTA 3030XA」)を使用し、共押出の温度を以下の通り変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして多層構造体を作製し、各種物性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
共押出条件
バリア層(A)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=215/220/220/220℃
水溶性層(B)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=170/200/200/220℃
接着層(C)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=170/220/220/220℃
他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)の押出温度:供給部/圧縮部/計量部/ダイ=170/220/220/220℃
EVOH樹脂ペレットとステアリン酸ナトリウムとを溶融混練せず、前記EVOH樹脂組成物ペレットに替えて前記EVOH樹脂ペレットを用いてバリア層(A)を形成した以外は、実施例1と同様にして多層構造体を作製し、各種物性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
接着層(C)の押出機に樹脂を流さなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして多層構造体((D)/(B)/(A)/(B)/(D))を作製した。得られた多層構造体から他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)を除き、2種3層の多層構造体((B)/(A)/(B))を得た。得られた2種3層の多層構造体フィルム及び二軸延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東レ社製の「ルミラ―P60」、平均厚み12μm)をそれぞれA4サイズにカットし、該多層フィルムの両面にドライラミネート用接着剤を塗布し、外層がポリエステルフィルム、内層が2種3層の多層構造体となるようドライラミネートを実施し、80℃で3分間乾燥させて、7層からなる透明なラミネートフィルムを得た。上記ドライラミネート用接着剤としては2液型接着剤(三井化学株式会社の「タケラックA-520」及び三井化学株式会社の「タケネートA-50」)を使用した。該接着剤の塗布量は4.0g/m2とし、ラミネート後、40℃で3日間養生を実施しラミネートフィルムを得た。得られたラミネートフィルムについて実施例1と同様に各種物性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例15と同様にして得られたラミネートフィルムの分離性評価及び分離回収後のバリア層(A)の粘度安定性に用いる水(W)を25質量%塩化ナトリウム水溶液(比重1.20)に変更し、静置後に浮遊したフィルムを回収した以外は、実施例1と同様にして各種物性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (17)
- バリア層(A)、水溶性層(B)及び接着層(C)を含む多層構造体であって、
バリア層(A)の一方又は両方の面に水溶性層(B)を介して接着層(C)が積層され、
バリア層(A)がポリアミド又はエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(a1)を主成分として有し、
水溶性層(B)がアルカリ金属イオン(b1)を10ppm以上2000ppm以下含有する、多層構造体。 - 水溶性層(B)がビニルアルコール系重合体(b2)を主成分として有する、請求項1に記載の多層構造体。
- ビニルアルコール系重合体(b2)の粘度平均重合度が400以上2000以下である、請求項2に記載の多層構造体。
- ビニルアルコール系重合体(b2)のケン化度が70モル%以上95モル%以下である、請求項2又は3に記載の多層構造体。
- ビニルアルコール系重合体(b2)における、ビニルアルコール単位とビニルエステル単位の含有量の合計が95モル%以上である、請求項2~4のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- 水溶性層(B)に含まれるアルカリ金属イオン(b1)がナトリウムイオンである、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- 水溶性層(B)がさらに可塑剤(b3)を含有し、
可塑剤(b3)を構成する成分が、グリセリン、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリグリセリン、マンニトール、ソルビトール、及びペンタエリスリトールからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。 - バリア層(A)の主成分を構成する樹脂の溶解度パラメーターが11.0(cal/cm3)1/2以上であり、かつ水溶性層(B)の主成分を構成する樹脂の溶解度パラメーター(SPB)に対するバリア層(A)の溶解度パラメーター(SPA)の比(SPA/SPB)が0.60以上0.95以下である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- バリア層(A)がエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体を主成分として有する、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- バリア層(A)がさらにアルカリ金属イオン(a2)を50ppm以上500ppm以下含有する、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- バリア層(A)がさらに高級脂肪酸又はその塩を高級脂肪酸換算で1ppm以上5000ppm以下含有する、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- バリア層(A)がさらにホウ素化合物をホウ素元素換算で1ppm以上300ppm以下含有する、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- 接着層(C)がカルボン酸変性ポリオレフィンを主成分として有する、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- さらに他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)を含有し、
他の熱可塑性樹脂層(D)の密度が1.0g/cm3以下である、請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。 - バリア層(A)の密度が1.0g/cm3以上であり、かつバリア層(A)及び水溶性相(B)以外の層の全体の密度が1.0g/cm3以下である、請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の多層構造体。
- 請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の多層構造体を20℃~95℃の水(W)に接触させることで水溶性層(B)の一部又は全部を溶解させ、
水(W)中でバリア層(A)を含む物質(X)を沈降させ、接着層(C)を含む物質(Y)を浮遊させる分離方法。 - 請求項16に記載の分離方法で回収された物質(X)及び物質(Y)をそれぞれ独立に溶融成形する、多層構造体のリサイクル方法。
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