WO2022168153A1 - 冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022168153A1 WO2022168153A1 PCT/JP2021/003709 JP2021003709W WO2022168153A1 WO 2022168153 A1 WO2022168153 A1 WO 2022168153A1 JP 2021003709 W JP2021003709 W JP 2021003709W WO 2022168153 A1 WO2022168153 A1 WO 2022168153A1
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- refrigerant
- temperature
- heat exchanger
- evaporator
- expansion valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/006—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass for preventing frost
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/19—Calculation of parameters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2509—Economiser valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
- F25B2700/21174—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a refrigeration cycle device.
- a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture which is a mixture of multiple refrigerants with different boiling points, has been attracting attention in recent years as a refrigerant with a low global warming potential. It is being considered to reduce it.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus having a main circuit and a bypass circuit
- the temperature at the inlet and the outlet of an evaporator into which the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit flows is obtained, and the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the evaporator is The flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the bypass circuit is adjusted so that the temperature difference is such that the heat exchange performance can be improved (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the problems described above, and an object thereof is to provide a refrigeration cycle device that can suppress uneven frost formation on an evaporator and prevent deterioration in heat exchange performance. .
- a refrigeration cycle device includes a main circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a subcooling heat exchanger, a main expansion valve, and an evaporator are connected by refrigerant piping, in which a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture circulates, and a non-azeotropic
- a bypass expansion valve that introduces the mixed refrigerant from the main circuit is provided, and a bypass circuit is branched from between the condenser and the evaporator and connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the compressor.
- a refrigeration cycle device that exchanges heat between a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture circulating in a main circuit and a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture circulating in a bypass circuit, the control device controlling the degree of opening of a bypass expansion valve, and an evaporator. and a second sensor for detecting the pressure of the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture flowing out of the evaporator.
- the opening degree of the bypass expansion valve is controlled, and the non-azeotropic gas flowing into the evaporator is controlled. It adjusts the flow rate of the mixed refrigerant.
- the present disclosure it is possible to eliminate the temperature difference in the flow direction inside the evaporator, suppress uneven frost formation on the evaporator, and prevent deterioration in heat exchange performance.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of temperature distribution of refrigerant in an evaporator according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a fifth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a sixth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1;
- 4 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the control device for the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1;
- 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example of a first operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a fifth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a sixth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2;
- 8 is a flow chart showing an operation example of a control device for a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2;
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- the refrigeration cycle device 100 includes a main circuit and a bypass circuit in which a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture circulates. Furthermore, the refrigeration cycle device 100 operates each component such as the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the subcooling heat exchanger 3, the first expansion valve 4, the second heat exchanger 5, the bypass expansion valve 6, and the like.
- a control device 20 for controlling is also provided.
- non-azeotropic mixed refrigerants include olefin refrigerants such as tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf) and trifluoroethylene (HFO1123), ether refrigerants such as dimethyl ether, and hydrocarbon refrigerants such as propane (HC290) and isobutane (HC600a).
- olefin refrigerants such as tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf) and trifluoroethylene (HFO1123)
- ether refrigerants such as dimethyl ether
- hydrocarbon refrigerants such as propane (HC290) and isobutane (HC600a).
- At least one of a refrigerant an ethane-based refrigerant such as tetrafluoroethane (HFC134a) and pentafluoroethane (HFC125), a methane-based refrigerant such as difluoromethane (HFC32), and a refrigerant having a gas density lower than that of difluoromethane is used.
- the term "olefinic" means that the composition contains a carbon-carbon double bond.
- An ether system means that the composition contains an ether bond.
- Hydrocarbon-based means containing carbon and hydrogen in its composition.
- ethane-based refers to containing ethane in its composition
- methane-based refers to containing methane in its composition.
- the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture is simply referred to as refrigerant for the sake of explanation.
- a compressor 1 , a first heat exchanger 2 , a subcooling heat exchanger 3 , a first expansion valve 4 , and a second heat exchanger 5 are provided in the main circuit of the refrigeration cycle device 100 . Further, each configuration of the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the supercooling heat exchanger 3, the first expansion valve 4, and the second heat exchanger 5 in the main circuit is connected by refrigerant pipes. .
- the flow direction of the coolant in this embodiment is referred to as a first direction (the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1).
- the refrigerant inflow side means the side where the refrigerant flows in when the refrigerant flows in the first direction, and the refrigerant outflow side.
- the case is the side from which the coolant flows out when the coolant flows in the first direction.
- the compressor 1 sucks the refrigerant from the refrigerant inflow side, compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas single-phase state, and discharges it from the refrigerant outflow side.
- the compressor 1 may be constituted by, for example, an inverter circuit or the like that controls the number of revolutions, and the amount of refrigerant discharged can be adjusted by controlling the number of revolutions. Further, the operation of the compressor 1 is controlled based on a control signal from the control device 20 .
- the first heat exchanger 2 functions as a condenser. Refrigerant that has been compressed by the compressor 1 into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas single-phase state flows into the first heat exchanger 2 from the refrigerant inflow side, heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and the heat source, and the refrigerant is It is cooled to a low temperature and high pressure liquid state. Then, from the first heat exchanger 2, the liquid state refrigerant flows out from the refrigerant outflow side.
- the heat source of the first heat exchanger 2 is air (outside air), water, antifreeze liquid, or the like. The refrigerant flowing through the first heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with, for example, the outside air.
- a blower (not shown) that blows outside air to the first heat exchanger 2 while the refrigerant is circulating in the refrigeration cycle device 100 is used as a refrigeration unit. It may be provided in the cycle device 100 . In this case, the blower should be configured to be able to adjust the air volume.
- the subcooling heat exchanger 3 performs heat exchange between refrigerants flowing through a plurality of refrigerant circuits inserted through the subcooling heat exchanger 3 .
- the multiple refrigerant circuits are the main circuit and the bypass circuit.
- the subcooling heat exchanger 3 cools the pre-depressurized liquid refrigerant flowing in the main circuit by using the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant after depressurization flowing in the bypass circuit. Since the pressures of the refrigerants before and after decompression that flow through the main circuit and the bypass circuit are different, the temperatures are also different, and heat can be exchanged between the refrigerants.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is reduced. Since the expansion of the refrigerant enthalpy difference before and after the second heat exchanger 5 can be canceled, the amount of heat exchanged in the second heat exchanger 5 can be maintained.
- the first expansion valve 4 receives the low-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has been cooled by the first heat exchanger 2, and decompresses and expands the refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid state or a gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the first expansion valve 4 is a main expansion valve (main decompression device), and is composed of, for example, refrigerant flow control means such as an electronic expansion valve or a temperature-sensitive expansion valve, or a capillary tube. Further, the operation of the first expansion valve 4 is controlled based on a control signal from the control device 20 .
- the second heat exchanger 5 functions as an evaporator.
- the second heat exchanger 5 is, for example, a plate-fin tube heat exchanger having multiple heat transfer tubes, multiple fins, a refrigerant distributor, and a header.
- a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid or gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has been decompressed and expanded by the first expansion valve 4 flows into the second heat exchanger 5 from the refrigerant inflow side.
- the refrigerant exchanges heat with an object to be cooled, absorbs heat from the object to be cooled, and cools the object to be cooled.
- the coolant evaporates into a low-pressure gas single-phase state when cooling the object to be cooled.
- the refrigerant in the gas single-phase state is caused to flow out from the refrigerant outflow side.
- An object to be cooled is, for example, indoor air. That is, heat exchange is performed between the second heat exchanger 5 and the indoor air and the refrigerant.
- a blower (not shown) that blows outside air to the second heat exchanger 5 while the refrigerant is circulating in the refrigeration cycle device 100 is provided in the refrigeration cycle. It may be provided in the device 100 . In this case, the blower should be configured to be able to adjust the air volume.
- the difference between the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side and the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side in the second heat exchanger 5 is less than the set temperature.
- the structure is designed to cause pressure loss in the refrigerant so that
- the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side of the evaporator is the temperature at the evaporator inlet or the refrigerant temperature on the refrigerant inflow side.
- the pressure loss in the second heat exchanger 5 can be adjusted by, for example, changing the number of flow paths (pass number) of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 5, changing the diameter of the flow path of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 5.
- the set temperature described above is, for example, 2°C. This temperature setting is based on the fact that if the difference between the inflow-side temperature and the outflow-side temperature of the second heat exchanger 5 is less than 2° C., uneven frost formation is less likely to occur.
- the temperature of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 5 rises in the flow direction, for example, when the pressure is constant. If, for example, R407C (mixed refrigerant of HFC134a, HFC125, and HFC32) is used as the refrigerant, a temperature gradient of 6°C or more may occur in the second heat exchanger 5 when the saturated gas temperature is 5°C. . In the refrigerating cycle device 100 , uneven frosting tends to occur in the second heat exchanger 5 as the temperature gradient of the circulating refrigerant, such as a refrigerant having a temperature gradient of 3° C. or more, increases.
- R407C mixed refrigerant of HFC134a, HFC125, and HFC32
- the temperature of the refrigerant generally decreases as the pressure decreases. That is, even in the refrigeration cycle device 100 using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, by adjusting the magnitude of the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 5, the temperature change of the refrigerant during evaporation is reduced. As a result, the temperature difference in the flow direction in the second heat exchanger 5 can be eliminated, and uneven frost formation on the second heat exchanger 5, that is, the evaporator, can be suppressed.
- refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 flows into the first heat exchanger 2 (condenser).
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the first heat exchanger 2 is condensed by exchanging heat with a medium to be heated such as air.
- the refrigerant then flows out from the first heat exchanger 2 and flows into the subcooling heat exchanger 3 .
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the supercooling heat exchanger 3 is cooled by the refrigerant that circulates through the bypass circuit.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the subcooling heat exchanger 3 is divided into refrigerant flowing through the main circuit and refrigerant flowing through the bypass circuit.
- the refrigerant that flows through the main circuit after being branched will be described.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the subcooling heat exchanger 3 flows into the first expansion valve 4 to be decompressed, and then flows into the second heat exchanger 5 (evaporator).
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the second heat exchanger 5 exchanges heat with the medium to be cooled and evaporates.
- the evaporated refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 1 and compressed.
- the bypass circuit has an inlet and an outlet and is connected to the main circuit via the inlet and the outlet.
- the inlet is provided between the refrigerant outflow side of the first heat exchanger 2 and the refrigerant inflow side of the second heat exchanger 5, as shown in FIG.
- the outflow port is provided between the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 and the refrigerant inflow side of the compressor 1 .
- the bypass circuit is provided with a bypass expansion valve 6 between the inlet and the outlet of the bypass circuit. Further, the bypass expansion valve 6 is opened to introduce the refrigerant diverted from the main circuit into the bypass circuit.
- the operation of the bypass expansion valve 6 that is, the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 is controlled based on the control signal from the controller 20 .
- the bypass expansion valve 6 can decompress and expand the refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid state or a gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the refrigerant piping of the bypass circuit is configured so that the refrigerant circulating in the bypass circuit also circulates through the subcooling heat exchanger 3 .
- the refrigerant circulating in the bypass circuit flows in from the inlet, is decompressed by the bypass expansion valve 6, and then flows into the supercooling heat exchanger 3.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the supercooling heat exchanger 3 exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit in the supercooling heat exchanger 3 , and then flows out of the supercooling heat exchanger 3 .
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the subcooling heat exchanger 3 flows out from the outlet, joins the refrigerant circuit, and is sucked into the compressor 1 .
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the bypass expansion valve 6 cools and evaporates the refrigerant before being split, that is, the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit.
- the refrigerant in the bypass circuit is decompressed by the bypass expansion valve 6, so that it becomes lower in temperature than the refrigerant on the high-pressure side flowing through the subcooling heat exchanger 3. Therefore, the refrigerant in the bypass circuit can cool the refrigerant in the main circuit through the supercooling heat exchanger 3 .
- the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is reduced, but the enthalpy of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is reduced. does not decrease.
- the pressure loss in the second heat exchanger 5 can be reduced.
- the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 increases, the amount of heat exchanged in the subcooling heat exchanger 3 increases, and the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 decreases. That is, by controlling the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 with the control device 20, it is possible to adjust the pressure loss in the second heat exchanger 5 while securing the heat exchange amount.
- the inlet of the bypass circuit is preferably provided between the refrigerant outflow side of the subcooling heat exchanger 3 and the refrigerant inflow side of the first expansion valve 4 .
- the refrigerant that has flowed out from the heat exchange between refrigerants is in a liquid state.
- the refrigerant decompressed by the first expansion valve 4 may be in a gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the inflow port of the bypass circuit is the refrigerant outflow side of the subcooling heat exchanger 3 as described above. and the refrigerant inflow side of the first expansion valve 4, the refrigerant can be split in a liquid state, and the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the main circuit and the bypass circuit can be easily controlled.
- the supercooling heat exchanger 3 can be Since the refrigerant circulating in the main circuit and the refrigerant circulating in the bypass circuit flow in opposite directions, the heat exchange performance of the subcooling heat exchanger 3 can be improved.
- the control device 20 of the refrigeration cycle device 100 will be explained.
- the control device 20 controls the rotation speed of the compressor 1 and adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 .
- the control device 20 also controls the first expansion valve 4 and the bypass expansion valve 6 and controls the opening degrees of the first expansion valve 4 and the bypass expansion valve 6 .
- the control device 20 controls the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 using sensor information acquired from the first sensor 7 and the second sensor described below.
- the refrigeration cycle device 100 has a first sensor 7 and a second sensor 8.
- the first sensor 7 is a temperature sensor, and as shown in FIG. do.
- the second sensor 8 is a pressure sensor, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, provided between the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 and the refrigerant inflow side of the compressor 1, Obtain the pressure of the gas single-phase refrigerant at the refrigerant outlet side of the device 5 .
- the control device 20 acquires the pressure of the refrigerant on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 from the second sensor 8, and stores it in a storage unit (not shown) provided in the control device 20, for example.
- the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 is calculated based on data corresponding to the refrigerant pressure and the saturated gas temperature.
- the second sensor 8 for measuring the refrigerant pressure is preferably provided between the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 and the bypass circuit.
- a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture is used in the refrigeration cycle device 100, if a method of obtaining the pressure of the refrigerant and converting it to temperature is adopted, uneven frost formation occurs in the second heat exchanger 5 as described below. This is because it is possible to accurately measure the temperature of the site where it may occur.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the temperature distribution of the refrigerant inside the evaporator according to the first embodiment.
- the vertical axis in each of FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) indicates the refrigerant temperature in the evaporator, and the horizontal axis indicates the position in the flow direction of the refrigerant in the evaporator. That is, in each of FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), the left side is the evaporator inlet and the right side is the evaporator outlet.
- the refrigerant is in a gas-liquid two-phase state in the solid line portion, and is saturated at the point PS shown in each of FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b). It is in a gaseous state, and the dashed line indicates a gas single-phase state.
- the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant becomes a saturated gas state through a gas-liquid two-phase state in the evaporator.
- the heat absorbed from the surroundings is used not only for the temperature rise but also for the phase change.
- the temperature in the evaporator may drop, for example, as indicated by the solid line in FIG. 2(a). Also, as shown in the practical part of FIG. 2(b), the temperature may rise gradually in the evaporator.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the saturated gas state and has entered the gas single-phase state uses only the heat absorbed from the surroundings to raise the temperature, as indicated by the dashed lines in FIGS. , the temperature rises quickly.
- the temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator is obtained directly, the temperature of the refrigerant that has already reached a high temperature is obtained.
- the temperature difference on the refrigerant outflow side cannot be obtained accurately. As a result, for example, as shown in FIG. Control to suppress frost formation cannot be performed.
- the pressure of the refrigerant flowing out of the evaporator is obtained by the second sensor 8 and the saturated gas temperature is calculated from the obtained pressure of the refrigerant, the temperature at the time when all the refrigerant contained in the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture has evaporated
- the temperature that is, the temperature at the end point PS of the solid line portion in each of FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) can be measured.
- the control device 20 can perform control to suppress uneven frosting. Control by the control device 20 will be described below.
- the refrigerant temperature on the refrigerant inflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 is simply referred to as refrigerant temperature
- the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 is simply referred to as saturated gas temperature.
- the control device 20 controls the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 based on the sensor information acquired from the first sensor 7 and the second sensor 8 to reduce the amount of refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 (evaporator). Adjust flow rate.
- the operation of the control device 20 will be described below together with an example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
- control device 20 suppresses uneven frost formation on the refrigerant inflow side or the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator.
- set temperature is, for example, 2°C. This temperature setting is based on the possibility that uneven frost formation may occur if the refrigerant temperature or the saturated gas temperature of the second heat exchanger 5 is less than 2°C.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. The graph on the right side of FIG. 3 is a graph schematically showing the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the evaporator.
- the vertical axis of the graph indicates the refrigerant temperature
- the horizontal axis indicates the position in the flow direction of the refrigerant in the evaporator. That is, the left side of the graph is the refrigerant inflow side of the evaporator, and the right side is the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator.
- the second heat exchanger 5 is designed such that the temperature difference is less than 2°C.
- the bypass expansion valve 6 is fully closed, and the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is Qa. is less than 2°C. Therefore, in the first example, uneven frost formation on the surface of the second heat exchanger 5, that is, the evaporator is suppressed.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the refrigerant flow rate discharged from the compressor 1 is Qa1, which is larger than Qa, and the bypass expansion valve 6 is fully closed. At this time, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is also Qa1. Refrigerant pressure loss increases. As a result, the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 becomes lower than the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side.
- the third example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 described below by controlling the opening of the bypass expansion valve 6, uneven frosting on the second heat exchanger 5 is suppressed.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the bypass expansion valve 6 is in an open state and the refrigerant flow rate discharged from the compressor 1 is Qa1, which is the same as in the second example.
- the control device 20 uses the sensor information acquired from the first sensor 7 and the second sensor 8 to calculate the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature of the second heat exchanger 5, respectively. Then, when the difference between the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature of the second heat exchanger 5 becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature, the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature are compared.
- the controller 20 controls the opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 to reduce the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit. If the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit is reduced, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is reduced, so the pressure loss of the refrigerant within the second heat exchanger 5 is reduced. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5, and to suppress uneven frost formation on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5, that is, the evaporator.
- the second heat exchanger 5 when there is no refrigerant flowing into the bypass circuit, the second heat exchanger 5 is set so that the difference between the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side and the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side in the second heat exchanger 5 is less than the set temperature.
- An example of designing two heat exchangers 5 has been described.
- the second heat exchanger 5 is controlled so that the difference between the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side and the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side in the second heat exchanger 5 is less than the set temperature. It is also possible to design the heat exchanger 5 .
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 6 when the flow rate of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is Qb1 and the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is Qb which is smaller than Qb1, the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side and the refrigerant outflow side shows an example in which the second heat exchanger 5 is designed so that the difference from the saturated gas temperature of is less than 2°C.
- the bypass expansion valve 6 is in an open state, and the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is Qb. is less than 2°C.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the bypass circuit is Qb1-Qb.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a fifth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 7 shows an example in which the refrigerant flow rate discharged from the compressor 1 is Qb2, which is smaller than Qb1, and the bypass expansion valve 6 is open.
- the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is a value smaller than Qb, compared to the case where the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is Qb, The pressure loss of the refrigerant inside 5 becomes small.
- the temperature of the saturated gas in the second heat exchanger 5 becomes higher than the temperature of the refrigerant, so uneven frosting may occur on the refrigerant inflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 .
- the bypass expansion valve 6 by controlling the bypass expansion valve 6 to be closed, uneven frost formation on the second heat exchanger 5 is suppressed.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a sixth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 8 shows an example in which the bypass expansion valve 6 is fully closed and the refrigerant flow rate discharged from the compressor 1 is Qb2, which is the same as in the fifth example.
- the control device 20 uses the sensor information acquired from the first sensor 7 and the second sensor 8 to calculate the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature of the second heat exchanger 5, respectively. Then, when the difference between the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature of the second heat exchanger 5 becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature, the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature are compared.
- the controller 20 closes the bypass expansion valve 6 to increase the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit. If the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit is increased, the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is increased, so the pressure loss of the refrigerant within the second heat exchanger 5 is increased. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to suppress a decrease in temperature on the refrigerant inflow side of the second heat exchanger 5, thereby suppressing uneven frost formation on the second heat exchanger 5, that is, on the refrigerant inflow side of the evaporator.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the control device 20 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 9 does not show a process for terminating the operation of the control device 20, the control device 20 operates when receiving a command to terminate the operation from, for example, a remote control device (not shown) or the like. exit.
- the control device 20 acquires sensor information from the first sensor 7 (ST101).
- the control device 20 acquires sensor information from the second sensor 8 (ST102).
- the sensor information obtained from the first sensor 7 and the second sensor 8 are the refrigerant temperature and the refrigerant pressure, respectively.
- control device 20 uses the acquired sensor information to compare the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature, and determines whether the difference between the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature (ST103). If the difference between the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature is less than the set temperature (ST103; NO), the operation of control device 20 proceeds to the process of ST101.
- control device 20 compares the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature and determines which of the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature is low temperature (ST104).
- the controller 20 opens the bypass expansion valve 6 to reduce the flow rate of refrigerant flowing through the main circuit. If the saturated gas temperature is lower than the refrigerant temperature, uneven frosting may occur on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 .
- the opening of the bypass expansion valve 6, as shown in the third example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 100 the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 is reduced. The pressure loss of the refrigerant inside is reduced.
- control device 20 proceeds to the processing of ST101.
- the controller 20 closes the bypass expansion valve 6 to increase the flow rate of refrigerant flowing through the main circuit. If the refrigerant temperature is lower than the saturated gas temperature, uneven frosting may occur on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 5 .
- the bypass expansion valve 6 By controlling the bypass expansion valve 6 to be closed, the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 5 increases as shown in the sixth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 100. The pressure loss of the refrigerant inside increases.
- control device 20 proceeds to the processing of ST101.
- the opening/closing control of the bypass expansion valve 6 by the control device 20 described above the opening degree of the bypass expansion valve 6 can be appropriately adjusted.
- the opening degree of the bypass expansion valve 6 is controlled to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit and the bypass circuit, the temperature rise due to the temperature gradient of the refrigerant and the temperature decrease due to the pressure loss in the refrigerant evaporation process. can be canceled.
- the difference between the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side and the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator (second heat exchanger 5) can be reduced, uneven frosting can be suppressed, and deterioration in heat exchange performance can be prevented.
- the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 and providing the subcooling heat exchanger 3 the heat exchange amount of the evaporator can be ensured while the refrigerant flow rate flowing through the evaporator is variable.
- the compressor 1, the condenser, the subcooling heat exchanger 3, the main expansion valve, and the evaporator are connected by refrigerant piping, and the main circuit in which the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture circulates and the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture are connected.
- a bypass circuit branched from between the condenser and the evaporator and connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the compressor 1, and the subcooling heat exchanger 3 is provided with a bypass expansion valve 6 introduced from the main circuit.
- a refrigerating cycle device 100 that exchanges heat between the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture circulating in the main circuit and the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture circulating in the bypass circuit includes a control device 20 that controls the opening degree of the bypass expansion valve 6, and an evaporator. and a second sensor 8 for detecting the pressure of the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture flowing out of the evaporator.
- the opening degree of the bypass expansion valve 6 is controlled, and the evaporator
- the flow rate of the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture flowing into the evaporator it is possible to eliminate the temperature difference in the flow direction of the evaporator, suppress uneven frost formation on the evaporator, and prevent deterioration of heat exchange performance. can.
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram schematically showing refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
- Embodiment 2. 11 and 12 are configuration diagrams schematically showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 according to Embodiment 2, respectively.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 according to the present embodiment is provided with a main circuit through which refrigerant circulates and a bypass expansion valve 6, as in the first embodiment. and a control device 21 for controlling the degree.
- the four-way valve 9 is provided in the main circuit, and the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 function as both an evaporator and a condenser, respectively, unlike the first embodiment. different.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same components as in the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
- a four-way valve 9 is provided on the refrigerant outflow side of the compressor 1, and the four-way valve 9 allows the refrigerant to flow in the first direction (the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 11) and the second direction. direction (the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 12). Note that the operation of the four-way valve 9 is controlled by the control device 21 .
- the state of the four-way valve 9 in which the refrigerant flows in the first direction is called the first state (the state shown in FIG. 11), and the four-way valve 9 in which the refrigerant flows in the second direction. is referred to as a second state (the state shown in FIG. 12).
- the direction of refrigerant flow is the same first direction as in the first embodiment. Further, in the case of the refrigerant circuit shown in FIG. 12, the refrigerant flows in a second direction different from the first direction. That is, when the four-way valve 9 is in the first state, the first heat exchanger 11 functions as a condenser and the second heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator, as in the first embodiment. On the other hand, when the four-way valve 9 is in the second state, the first heat exchanger 11 functions as an evaporator and the second heat exchanger 12 functions as a condenser.
- the difference between the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side and the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side in the first heat exchanger 11 is set at a specific refrigerant flow rate.
- the structure is designed to cause pressure loss in the refrigerant so that it is less than
- the adjustment of the pressure loss in the first heat exchanger 11 can be performed, for example, by changing the number of flow paths (pass number) of the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 11, changing the diameter of the flow path of the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 11. etc.
- the set temperature is 2° C., for example.
- the difference between the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side and the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side in the second heat exchanger 12 is less than the set temperature at a specific refrigerant flow rate.
- the structure is designed to cause pressure loss in the refrigerant so that The pressure loss in the second heat exchanger 12 can be adjusted by, for example, changing the number of refrigerant flow paths (path number) in the second heat exchanger 12 or changing the diameter of the refrigerant flow path in the second heat exchanger 12. etc.
- the set temperature is 2° C., for example.
- first heat exchanger 11 and second heat exchanger 12 have a specific refrigerant flow rate at which the difference between the temperature on the inflow side of the evaporating refrigerant and the saturated gas temperature is less than the set temperature. may be the same value or different values.
- a second expansion valve is provided in the main circuit of the refrigeration cycle device 101 .
- the second expansion valve is provided between the first heat exchanger 11 and the subcooling heat exchanger 3 .
- the second expansion valve receives the low-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has been cooled by the condenser, and decompresses and expands the refrigerant into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid state or a gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the second expansion valve is a main expansion valve (main decompression device) and is composed of, for example, refrigerant flow control means such as an electronic expansion valve or a temperature-sensitive expansion valve, or a capillary tube.
- the refrigerant decompressed and expanded by the second expansion valve flows into the first heat exchanger 11 when the first heat exchanger 11 functions as an evaporator.
- the refrigerant decompressed and expanded by the first expansion valve 4 flows into the second heat exchanger 12 .
- the refrigeration cycle device 101 in the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of first sensors.
- a plurality of first sensors are provided so as to be able to acquire the temperatures of the refrigerants flowing into the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12, respectively.
- each of the plurality of first sensors is provided so as to be able to acquire the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side when the first heat exchanger 11 serves as an evaporator, When used as a vessel, it is provided so that the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side can be obtained.
- two first sensors are provided, and one of the first sensors 7a is used when the first heat exchanger 11 is an evaporator, that is, when the refrigerant flows in the second direction. It is provided between the refrigerant inflow side of the first heat exchanger 11 and the refrigerant outflow side of the second expansion valve 10 in the direction of .
- the other first sensor 7b is the refrigerant inflow side of the second heat exchanger 12 when the second heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator, that is, when the refrigerant flow direction is the first direction, It is provided between the refrigerant outflow side of the first expansion valve 4 .
- FIG. 11 refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 flows through the four-way valve 9 into the first heat exchanger 11 (condenser).
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the first heat exchanger 11 exchanges heat with the medium to be heated and condenses.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger 11 passes through the second expansion valve, flows into the subcooling heat exchanger 3, and is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the bypass circuit.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the subcooling heat exchanger 3 is divided into refrigerant flowing through the main circuit and refrigerant flowing through the bypass circuit.
- the refrigerant that flows through the main circuit after being branched will be described.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the supercooling heat exchanger 3 flows into the first expansion valve 4 and is decompressed, and then flows into the second heat exchanger 12 (evaporator).
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the second heat exchanger 12 exchanges heat with the medium to be cooled and evaporates.
- the evaporated refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 1 via the four-way valve 9 .
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the bypass expansion valve 6 is decompressed by the bypass expansion valve 6, flows into the subcooling heat exchanger 3, cools the refrigerant before being split, evaporates, and then joins the main circuit to flow into the compressor 1. inhaled. When the bypass expansion valve 6 is fully closed, no refrigerant flows into the bypass circuit.
- the coolant flow in FIG. 12 differs from the coolant flow in FIG.
- refrigerant flowing out of the compressor 1 flows through the four-way valve 9 into the second heat exchanger 12 (condenser).
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the second heat exchanger 12 exchanges heat with the medium to be heated and condenses.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the second heat exchanger 12 is divided into refrigerant flowing through the main circuit and refrigerant flowing through the bypass circuit.
- the refrigerant that flows through the main circuit after being branched will be described.
- the refrigerant that has passed through the first expansion valve 4 flows into the subcooling heat exchanger 3 and is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the bypass circuit.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the supercooling heat exchanger 3 flows into the second expansion valve 10 and is decompressed, and then flows into the first heat exchanger 11 (evaporator).
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the first heat exchanger 11 exchanges heat with the medium to be cooled and evaporates. Then, the evaporated refrigerant joins the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit and is sucked into the compressor 1 .
- the bypass expansion valve 6 When the bypass expansion valve 6 is fully closed, no refrigerant flows into the bypass circuit.
- the refrigerant in the bypass circuit is decompressed by the bypass expansion valve 6, so that the temperature becomes lower than the refrigerant on the high-pressure side flowing through the subcooling heat exchanger 3. Therefore, the refrigerant in the bypass circuit can cool the refrigerant in the main circuit through the supercooling heat exchanger 3 .
- the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the evaporator is reduced by flowing the refrigerant through the bypass circuit, but the amount of refrigerant flowing into the evaporator is reduced. Since the enthalpy of is decreased, the amount of heat exchange in the evaporator does not decrease.
- the pressure loss in the evaporator can be reduced.
- the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 increases, the amount of heat exchanged in the supercooling heat exchanger 3 increases, and the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the evaporator decreases. That is, by controlling the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6, the pressure loss in the evaporator can be adjusted.
- the control device 21 uses the sensor information acquired from the first sensors 7a, 7b and the second sensor 8 to calculate the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature, respectively, and controls the opening degree of the bypass expansion valve 6 to control the main Regulating the flow of refrigerant through the circuit and the bypass circuit.
- the operation of the control device 21 will be described below together with an example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 101 according to the present embodiment.
- the operation of the control device 21 described below is performed when the refrigerant temperature on the refrigerant inflow side of the evaporator or the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator becomes lower than a set temperature.
- the above-described set temperature is, for example, 2°C.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a first example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. A first example is an example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 101 when the four-way valve 9 is in the first state.
- the second heat exchanger 12 is designed such that the temperature difference is less than 2°C.
- the bypass expansion valve 6 is fully closed, and the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 12 is Qc. is less than 2°C. Therefore, in the first example, uneven frost formation on the surface of the second heat exchanger 12 is suppressed.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 101 according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. A second example is an example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 101 when the four-way valve 9 is in the first state.
- FIG. 14 shows an example in which the refrigerant flow rate discharged from the compressor 1 is Qc1, which is larger than Qc, and the bypass expansion valve 6 is fully closed. At this time, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 12 is also Qc1. Refrigerant pressure loss increases.
- the temperature of the saturated gas on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 12 becomes lower than the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side.
- uneven frosting on the second heat exchanger 12 is suppressed.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 101 according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. FIG. 15 shows an example in which the bypass expansion valve 6 is in an open state and the refrigerant flow rate discharged from the compressor 1 is Qc1, which is the same as in the second example.
- the control device 21 uses the sensor information obtained from the first sensor 7b on the second heat exchanger 12 side and the second sensor 8 to calculate the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature of the second heat exchanger 12, respectively. . Then, when the difference between the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature of the second heat exchanger 12 becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature, the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature are compared.
- the controller 21 controls the opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 to reduce the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit. If the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit is reduced, the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the second heat exchanger 12 is reduced, so the pressure loss of the refrigerant within the second heat exchanger 12 is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 12, and to suppress uneven frost formation on the second heat exchanger 12, that is, on the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator.
- the four-way valve 9 is in the second state, it is possible to suppress uneven frosting on the evaporator by controlling the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 as in the first state.
- the refrigerant temperature on the refrigerant inflow side of the first heat exchanger 11 is simply referred to as refrigerant temperature
- the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat exchanger 12 is simply referred to as saturated gas temperature.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 101 according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. A fourth example is an example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 101 when the four-way valve 9 is in the second state.
- the difference between the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side and the saturated gas temperature is less than 2°C.
- the bypass expansion valve 6 is fully closed, and the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the first heat exchanger 11 is Qc. is less than 2°C. Therefore, in the first example, uneven frost formation on the surface of the second heat exchanger 12 is suppressed.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a fifth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. A fifth example is an example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 101 when the four-way valve 9 is in the second state.
- FIG. 17 shows an example in which the refrigerant flow rate discharged from the compressor 1 is Qd1, which is larger than Qd, and the bypass expansion valve 6 is fully closed. At this time, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the first heat exchanger 11 is also Qd1. Refrigerant pressure loss increases.
- the saturated gas temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the first heat exchanger 11 becomes lower than the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side.
- uneven frosting on the first heat exchanger 11 is suppressed.
- FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a sixth example of the operating state of the refrigeration cycle device 101 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 18 shows an example in which the bypass expansion valve 6 is in an open state and the refrigerant flow rate discharged from the compressor 1 is Qd1, which is the same as in the fifth example.
- the control device 21 uses sensor information obtained from the first sensor 7a and the second sensor 8 on the first heat exchanger 11 side to calculate the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature of the first heat exchanger 11, respectively. . Then, when the difference between the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature of the first heat exchanger 11 becomes equal to or higher than the set temperature, the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature are compared.
- the controller 21 controls the opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 to reduce the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit. If the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the main circuit is reduced, the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the first heat exchanger 11 is reduced, so the pressure loss of the refrigerant within the first heat exchanger 11 is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the first heat exchanger 11, and to suppress uneven frost formation on the first heat exchanger 11, that is, on the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator.
- the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 are designed so that the difference between the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 and the saturated gas temperature is less than the set temperature Similarly, by controlling the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 with the control device 21, uneven frost formation on the evaporator can be suppressed.
- FIG. 19 is a flow chart showing an operation example of the control device 21 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 according to the second embodiment.
- steps that are the same as those in the processing described in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 9, and descriptions thereof are omitted or simplified.
- the flowchart of FIG. 19 does not show a process for ending the operation of the control device 21, the control device 21 ends the operation when receiving a command to end the operation from a remote control device or the like. .
- the control device 21 acquires information from the four-way valve 9 as to whether the state of the four-way valve 9 is the first state or the second state (ST201). Then, when the four-way valve 9 is in the first state (ST201; YES), the control device 21 acquires sensor information from the first sensor 7b on the second heat exchanger 12 side. When the state of the four-way valve 9 is not in the first state, ie, in the second state (ST201; NO), the controller 21 acquires sensor information from the first sensor 7a on the first heat exchanger 11 side.
- the sensor information acquired by the control device 21 from the first sensors 7 a and 7 b is the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the first heat exchanger 11 or the second heat exchanger 12 .
- control device 21 acquires sensor information indicating the pressure of the refrigerant from the second sensor 8 (ST102). Furthermore, the control device 21 uses the acquired sensor information to compare the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature, and determines whether or not the difference between the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature (ST103 ). If the difference between the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature is less than the set temperature (ST103; NO), the operation of control device 21 proceeds to the process of ST201.
- control device 21 compares the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature and determines which of the refrigerant temperature and the saturated gas temperature is low temperature (ST104).
- the controller 21 opens the bypass expansion valve 6 to reduce the flow rate of refrigerant flowing through the main circuit.
- the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the evaporator (first heat exchanger 11 or second heat exchanger 12) is reduced, so the pressure loss of the refrigerant within the evaporator is reduced. be. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in temperature on the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator, and to suppress uneven frost formation on the refrigerant outflow side of the evaporator. Then, the operation of the control device 21 proceeds to the processing of ST201.
- the control device 21 closes the bypass expansion valve 6 to increase the flow rate of refrigerant flowing through the main circuit.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator increases, so the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the evaporator increases. . Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in temperature on the refrigerant inflow side of the evaporator, and to suppress uneven frost formation on the refrigerant inflow side of the evaporator.
- the operation of the control device 21 proceeds to the processing of ST201.
- the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 can be appropriately adjusted.
- the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 is controlled to By adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant and the bypass circuit, it is possible to cancel the temperature rise caused by the temperature gradient of the refrigerant and the temperature drop caused by the pressure loss in the evaporation process of the refrigerant. As a result, the difference between the temperature on the inflow side and the temperature on the outflow side of the evaporator can be reduced, uneven frost formation can be suppressed, and deterioration in heat exchange performance can be prevented. Furthermore, by controlling the degree of opening of the bypass expansion valve 6 and providing the subcooling heat exchanger 3, the heat exchange amount of the evaporator can be ensured while the refrigerant flow rate flowing through the evaporator is variable.
- the bypass circuit connects the supercooling heat exchanger 3 and the first expansion valve 4 when the four-way valve 9 is in the first state.
- the bypass circuit may be branched from between the subcooling heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 12 when the four-way valve 9 is in the first state. .
- the first sensor 7 acquires the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the above example.
- the first sensor 7 may be a sensor that is provided at the inlet of the evaporator to obtain the temperature at the inlet of the evaporator, as long as the sensor can obtain the temperature on the refrigerant inflow side of the evaporator.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1に係る冷凍サイクル装置100を概略的に示した構成図である。冷凍サイクル装置100は、それぞれ非共沸混合冷媒が循環する主回路及びバイパス回路を備える。さらに、冷凍サイクル装置100は、圧縮機1、第1熱交換器2、過冷却熱交換器3、第1膨張弁4、第2熱交換器5、バイパス膨張弁6等の各構成の動作を制御する制御装置20も備えている。
図11及び図12はそれぞれ、実施の形態2に係る冷凍サイクル装置101を概略的に示した構成図である。本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置101は、実施の形態1と同様に、冷媒が循環する主回路と、バイパス膨張弁6が設けられ、冷媒が循環するバイパス回路と、バイパス膨張弁6の開度を制御する制御装置21とを備える。本実施の形態では、主回路に四方弁9が設けられ、第1熱交換器11及び第2熱交換器12が、それぞれ蒸発器としても凝縮器としても機能する点について、実施の形態1と異なる。実施の形態1と同じ構成要素には同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
Claims (9)
- 圧縮機、凝縮器、過冷却熱交換器、主膨張弁、及び蒸発器が冷媒配管により接続され、非共沸混合冷媒が循環する主回路と、前記非共沸混合冷媒を前記主回路から導入するバイパス膨張弁が設けられ、前記凝縮器と前記蒸発器との間から分岐され前記圧縮機の冷媒流入側に接続されたバイパス回路と、を備え、前記過冷却熱交換器は、前記主回路を循環する前記非共沸混合冷媒と、前記バイパス回路を循環する前記非共沸混合冷媒とを熱交換する、冷凍サイクル装置であって、
前記バイパス膨張弁の開度を制御する制御装置と、
前記蒸発器の冷媒流入側の温度を検出する第1センサと、
前記蒸発器から流出した前記非共沸混合冷媒の圧力を検出する第2センサと、を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第1センサが検出した前記蒸発器の冷媒流入側の温度と、前記第2センサが検出した前記圧力から算出された、前記非共沸混合冷媒の飽和ガス温度とを用いて、前記バイパス膨張弁の開度を制御し、前記蒸発器に流入する前記非共沸混合冷媒の流量を調整する
ことを特徴とする冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記飽和ガス温度が、前記蒸発器の冷媒流入側の温度よりも低い場合、前記バイパス膨張弁の開度を大きくし、前記蒸発器に流入する前記非共沸混合冷媒の流量を減少させる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記飽和ガス温度が、前記蒸発器の冷媒流入側の温度よりも高い場合、前記バイパス膨張弁の開度を小さくし、前記蒸発器に流入する前記非共沸混合冷媒の流量を増加させる
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記蒸発器の冷媒流入側の温度又は前記飽和ガス温度が、設定された温度未満である場合、前記バイパス膨張弁の開度を制御して、前記蒸発器の冷媒流入側と冷媒流出側の温度差を縮小させる
ことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記蒸発器の冷媒流入側の温度又は前記飽和ガス温度が、設定された温度未満である場合、前記バイパス膨張弁の開度を制御して、前記蒸発器の冷媒流入側と冷媒流出側の温度差を設定された温度未満に縮小させる
ことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記バイパス回路は、前記過冷却熱交換器と前記蒸発器との間から分岐されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記バイパス回路は、前記過冷却熱交換器と前記主膨張弁との間から分岐されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記蒸発器は、前記蒸発器を流れる前記非共沸混合冷媒の流量が設定された特定の値である場合、前記蒸発器の冷媒流入側の温度と前記飽和ガス温度との差が、設定された温度未満となる
ことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 前記非共沸混合冷媒は、オレフィン系冷媒、エーテル系冷媒、炭化水素系冷媒、エタン系冷媒、メタン系冷媒、又はジフルオロメタンに比してガス密度の小さい冷媒のいずれかを含む冷媒である
ことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項8のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21924550.3A EP4290158B1 (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Refrigeration cycle device |
| US18/273,777 US12398936B2 (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Refrigeration cycle device |
| CN202180092266.1A CN116802442A (zh) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | 制冷循环装置 |
| JP2021527233A JP6958769B1 (ja) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
| PCT/JP2021/003709 WO2022168153A1 (ja) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| PCT/JP2021/003709 WO2022168153A1 (ja) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
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| PCT/JP2021/003709 Ceased WO2022168153A1 (ja) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US12398936B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP4290158B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6958769B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN116802442A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2022168153A1 (ja) |
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- 2021-02-02 US US18/273,777 patent/US12398936B2/en active Active
- 2021-02-02 EP EP21924550.3A patent/EP4290158B1/en active Active
- 2021-02-02 JP JP2021527233A patent/JP6958769B1/ja active Active
- 2021-02-02 CN CN202180092266.1A patent/CN116802442A/zh active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JPWO2022168153A1 (ja) | 2022-08-11 |
| EP4290158A1 (en) | 2023-12-13 |
| EP4290158A4 (en) | 2024-04-03 |
| JP6958769B1 (ja) | 2021-11-02 |
| CN116802442A (zh) | 2023-09-22 |
| EP4290158B1 (en) | 2025-08-27 |
| US12398936B2 (en) | 2025-08-26 |
| US20240077238A1 (en) | 2024-03-07 |
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