WO2021230150A1 - ホットスタンプ用鋼板およびホットスタンプ成形体 - Google Patents
ホットスタンプ用鋼板およびホットスタンプ成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021230150A1 WO2021230150A1 PCT/JP2021/017509 JP2021017509W WO2021230150A1 WO 2021230150 A1 WO2021230150 A1 WO 2021230150A1 JP 2021017509 W JP2021017509 W JP 2021017509W WO 2021230150 A1 WO2021230150 A1 WO 2021230150A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C21D3/00—Diffusion processes for extraction of non-metals; Furnaces therefor
- C21D3/02—Extraction of non-metals
- C21D3/04—Decarburising
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
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- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
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- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/05—Grain orientation
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot stamping steel sheet and a hot stamping molded body.
- the present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-084593 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-084592 filed in Japan on May 13, 2020, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Hot stamping is attracting attention as a technology that achieves both formability into automobile parts and strength of automobile parts by performing quenching treatment in a mold at the same time as press working.
- the hardness of the center of the plate thickness of the pressed part is Hv400 or more
- the surface layer of the pressed part has a soft layer having a hardness of Hv300 or less
- the thickness of the soft layer is 20 to 200 ⁇ m.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a high-strength cold-rolled steel sheet having excellent uniform elongation and hole-spreading property, in which the texture in the central portion of the steel sheet is controlled.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not consider improving the bending deformability of both the surface layer portion and the inside of the automobile member.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a hot stamped body having excellent strength and bendability and a high load capacity, and a hot stamping steel sheet capable of obtaining the hot stamped body.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- the steel sheet for hot stamping according to one aspect of the present invention has a chemical composition of% by mass.
- the ratio to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> is less than 1.5.
- the ratio of to the extreme density of the azimuth group consisting of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> is less than 2.0.
- the hot stamping steel sheet according to (1) above has a chemical composition of% by mass.
- Nb 0.05 to 0.15%
- Ti 0.05 to 0.15%
- V 0.05 to 0.15%
- Mo 0.05-1.0%
- Cr 0.05-1.0%
- Cu 0.05-1.0%
- Ni 0.05-1.0%
- B 0.0001 to 0.0100%
- Ca 0.001 to 0.010%
- REM 0.001 to 0.30% It may contain one or more of the group consisting of.
- the hot stamping steel sheet according to (1) or (2) above may have a decarburization index of 0.085 or more.
- the hot stamped molded article according to another aspect of the present invention has a chemical composition of% by mass.
- C 0.15 to 0.50%, Si: 0.0010-3.000%, Mn: 0.30 to 3.00%, Al: 0.0002 to 2.000%, P: 0.100% or less, S: 0.1000% or less, N: 0.0100% or less, Nb: 0 to 0.15%, Ti: 0 to 0.15%, V: 0 to 0.15%, Mo: 0-1.0%, Cr: 0-1.0%, Cu: 0-1.0%, Ni: 0-1.0%, B: 0 to 0.0100%, Ca: 0 to 0.010%, and REM: 0 to 0.30% Containing, the balance consists of Fe and impurities, It has a metallic structure containing more than 90% martensite, bainite and tempered martensite in total by area ratio.
- the ratio to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> is less than 1.8.
- the ratio of to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> is less than 2.3.
- the hot stamp molded article according to (4) above has a chemical composition of% by mass.
- Nb 0.05 to 0.15%
- Ti 0.05 to 0.15%
- V 0.05 to 0.15%
- Mo 0.05-1.0%
- Cr 0.05-1.0%
- Cu 0.05-1.0%
- Ni 0.05-1.0%
- B 0.0001 to 0.0100%
- Ca 0.001 to 0.010%
- REM 0.001 to 0.30% It may contain one or more of the group consisting of.
- the hot stamp molded product according to (4) or (5) above may have a decarburization index of 0.085 or more.
- a hot stamping molded body having excellent strength and bendability and a high load capacity, and a hot stamping steel plate capable of obtaining this hot stamping molded body. Can be done.
- the present inventors have investigated a method capable of not only obtaining a tensile (maximum) strength of 1.5 to 2.5 GPa and excellent bendability after hot stamping, but also suppressing deterioration of the load capacity. bottom.
- the present inventors have high strength by controlling the texture at a predetermined position in the plate thickness direction in addition to softening the surface layer of the steel sheet, which is higher than the conventional one. It was found that excellent bendability can be obtained and deterioration of the load capacity can be suppressed.
- the texture is affected by the texture and carbon concentration of the metal structure before hot stamping. Therefore, in order to obtain a desired texture in the hot stamped body, the present inventors control the texture in the steel sheet after hot rolling, and further, in the subsequent annealing, the carbon content of the steel sheet surface layer is determined. It was found that it is effective to reduce it.
- the hot stamping steel plate and the hot stamping molded body according to the present embodiment will be described in detail.
- the reason for limiting the chemical composition of the hot stamping steel sheet according to the present embodiment will be described.
- the hot stamping steel sheet according to this embodiment has a chemical composition of% by mass, C: 0.15 to 0.50%, Si: 0.0010 to 3.000%, Mn: 0.30 to 3.00. %, Al: 0.0002 to 2.000%, P: 0.100% or less, S: 0.1000% or less, N: 0.0100% or less, Nb: 0 to 0.15%, Ti: 0 to 0.15%, V: 0 to 0.15%, Mo: 0 to 1.0%, Cr: 0 to 1.0%, Cu: 0 to 1.0%, Ni: 0 to 1.0%, B: 0 to 0.0100%, Ca: 0 to 0.010% and REM: 0 to 0.30%, with the balance consisting of Fe and impurities.
- each element will be described.
- C 0.15 to 0.50% C is an element that improves the strength of the hot stamp molded product. If the C content is less than 0.15%, the desired strength cannot be obtained in the hot stamp molded product. Therefore, the C content is set to 0.15% or more.
- the C content is preferably 0.17% or more, 0.20% or more, and 0.23% or more.
- the C content is set to 0.50% or less.
- the C content is 0.46% or less and 0.43% or less.
- Si 0.0010-3.000%
- Si is an element that improves the strength of a hot stamp molded product by strengthening the solid solution. If the Si content is less than 0.0010%, the desired strength cannot be obtained. Therefore, the Si content is set to 0.0010% or more.
- the Si content is preferably 0.050% or more, 0.100% or more, 0.300% or more, 0.500% or more.
- the Si content exceeds 3.000%, the ferrite content increases and a desired metal structure cannot be obtained. Therefore, the Si content is set to 3.000% or less.
- the Si content is preferably 2.700% or less and 2.500% or less.
- Mn 0.30 to 3.00%
- Mn is an element that improves the hardenability of steel.
- the Mn content is set to 0.30% or more.
- the Mn content is preferably 0.50% or more, 0.70% or more, and 1.00% or more.
- the Mn content is set to 3.00% or less.
- the Mn content is 2.70% or less, 2.50% or less, and 2.30% or less.
- Al 0.0002 to 2.000%
- Al is an element that deoxidizes molten steel to suppress the formation of oxides that are the starting point of fracture, thereby improving the deformability and enhancing the bendability of the hot stamped compact. If the Al content is less than 0.0002%, deoxidation is not sufficiently performed, coarse oxides are formed, and the above effect cannot be obtained. Therefore, the Al content is set to 0.0002% or more. The Al content is preferably 0.001% or more. On the other hand, when the Al content exceeds 2.000%, coarse oxides are formed in the steel, and the bendability of the hot stamped compact is lowered. Therefore, the Al content is set to 2.000% or less. The Al content is preferably 1.700% or less, or 1.500% or less.
- P 0.100% or less
- P is an impurity element and segregates at the grain boundaries to become the starting point of fracture. Therefore, the P content is limited to 0.100% or less.
- the P content is preferably 0.050% or less.
- the lower limit of the P content is not particularly limited, but if it is reduced to less than 0.0001%, the cost of removing P is significantly increased, which is economically unfavorable. Therefore, the P content may be 0.0001% or more.
- S 0.1000% or less
- S is an impurity element and forms inclusions in the steel. Since this inclusion is a starting point of fracture, the S content is limited to 0.1000% or less.
- the S content is preferably 0.0500% or less and 0.0300% or less.
- the lower limit of the S content is not particularly limited, but if it is reduced to less than 0.0001%, the cost of removing S is significantly increased, which is economically unfavorable. Therefore, the S content may be 0.0001% or more.
- N is an impurity element and forms a nitride in steel. Since this nitride is the starting point of fracture, the N content is limited to 0.0100% or less. The N content is preferably 0.0050% or less. The lower limit of the N content is not particularly limited, but if it is reduced to less than 0.0001%, the N removal cost is significantly increased, which is economically unfavorable. Therefore, the N content may be 0.0001% or more.
- the balance of the chemical composition of the hot stamping steel sheet according to this embodiment may be Fe and impurities.
- impurities include elements that are unavoidably mixed from steel raw materials or scrap and / or in the steelmaking process and are allowed as long as they do not impair the characteristics of the hot stamping steel sheet according to the present embodiment.
- the hot stamping steel sheet according to the present embodiment may contain the following elements as optional elements instead of a part of Fe.
- the content is 0%.
- Nb 0 to 0.15%
- Ti 0 to 0.15%
- V 0 to 0.15%
- Nb and Ti have the effect of forming carbonitrides in the steel and improving the strength of the hot stamped compact by precipitation strengthening.
- the content of even one of Nb, Ti and V is 0.05% or more.
- the Nb content, Ti content, and V content are set to 0.15% or less, respectively.
- Mo and Cr have the effect of increasing the strength of the hot stamped compact by solidly dissolving in the old austenite granules during heating before hot stamping. In order to surely obtain this effect, it is preferable that the content of even one of Mo, Cr, Cu and Ni is 0.05% or more. On the other hand, since the above effect is saturated even if a large amount of Mo, Cr, Cu and Ni is contained, the Mo content Cr content, the Cu content and the Ni content are preferably 1.0% or less, respectively.
- B 0 to 0.0100%
- B is an element that improves the hardenability of steel.
- the B content is preferably 0.0001% or more.
- the B content is 0.0100% or less.
- Ca and REM are elements that improve the deformability by suppressing the formation of oxides that are the starting points of fracture, and enhance the bendability of the hot stamped compact. In order to surely obtain this effect, it is preferable that the content of even one of Ca and REM is 0.001% or more. On the other hand, since the above effect is saturated even if a large amount of Ca and REM are contained, the Ca content is 0.010% or less and the REM content is 0.30% or less.
- REM refers to a total of 17 elements composed of Sc, Y and lanthanoids, and the content of REM refers to the total content of these elements.
- the chemical composition of the above-mentioned hot stamping steel sheet may be measured by a general analysis method.
- ICP-AES Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrum
- C and S may be measured by using the combustion-infrared absorption method
- N may be measured by using the inert gas melting-thermal conductivity method.
- the steel sheet for hot stamping according to the present embodiment has a metal structure composed of ferrite, granular bainite, bainite and martensite having a total area ratio of 20 to 80%, and a residual structure composed of pearlite and carbides.
- The% for the metallographic structure described below are all area%.
- Ferrite, granular bainite, bainite, martensite 20-80% Ferrite, granular bainite, bainite, and martensite are the structures required to obtain the desired texture in a hot stamped body. If the total area ratio of these structures is less than 20%, the desired texture cannot be obtained in the hot stamped body. Therefore, the area ratio of ferrite is set to 20% or more. It is preferably 30% or more and 40% or more. On the other hand, if the area ratio of these structures is more than 80%, carbon is concentrated in the remaining pearlite, and the carbides are difficult to dissolve during hot stamp heating, which becomes a starting point of cracking during deformation. Therefore, it should be 80% or less. It is preferably 70% or less and 60% or less.
- the residual structure of the metal structure of the hot stamping steel sheet consists of pearlite and carbides. Since the metal structure of the hot stamping steel sheet does not include the above-mentioned structure and structures other than pearlite and carbides, the area ratio of the residual structure may be 20 to 80%.
- the diamond powder having a particle size of 1 to 6 ⁇ m is mirror-finished using a diluted solution such as alcohol or a liquid dispersed in pure water. , Finish polishing with colloidal silica solution.
- a thermal field emission scanning electron microscope Using an EBSD analyzer composed of a JEOL JSM-7001F) and an EBSD detector (TSL DVC5 type detector), the analysis speed is 200 to 300 points / sec.
- Ferrite, granular bainite, and bainite are calculated by calculating the area ratio of the region where the crystal structure is bcc using the "Phase Map” function installed in the software "OIM Analysis (registered trademark)" attached to the EBSD analyzer. And the total area ratio of martensite can be obtained.
- Pearlite and carbides can be identified by the following methods. After polishing the cross section of the sample with # 600 to # 1500 silicon carbide paper, diamond powder having a particle size of 1 to 6 ⁇ m is mirror-finished using a diluted solution such as alcohol or a liquid dispersed in pure water. Apply nightal etching. Next, in a region of 50 ⁇ m in length and 1/8 depth from the surface to 3/8 depth from the surface to the plate thickness at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the sample cross section, a thermal field emission scanning electron microscope ( Take a picture of multiple fields of view using JSM-7001F) manufactured by JEOL. Draw evenly spaced grids on the photograph to identify the texture at the grid points.
- a thermal field emission scanning electron microscope Take a picture of multiple fields of view using JSM-7001F manufactured by JEOL.
- the area ratio of each tissue is obtained by obtaining the number of grid points corresponding to each tissue and dividing by the total number of grid points.
- the grid spacing is 2 ⁇ m ⁇ 2 ⁇ m, and the total number of grid points is 1500 points.
- Particles with bright brightness are regarded as carbides, and regions with bright brightness are regarded as granular or plate-like and lamellar-like regions as pearlite.
- the steel plate for hot stamping according to the present embodiment has an aggregate structure from the surface to the surface at a plate thickness of 1/4, and is a pole of an orientation group consisting of ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10>.
- the ratio of the density to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> is less than 1.5, and the plate thickness is 1/4 from the surface to the plate from the surface.
- the ratio to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of 1-12> is less than 2.0.
- orientation group consisting of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10> includes ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10>, ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-20>, and ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 0-10. > And ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> crystal orientations are included.
- the ratio to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of the two may be 0.4 or more from the viewpoint of ensuring the strength of the hot stamped compact.
- the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10> and ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ The ratio to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> is less than 2.0.
- the texture of the internal region of the hot stamping steel sheet By preferably controlling the texture of the internal region of the hot stamping steel sheet, it is possible to develop an texture with grain boundaries that are difficult to break in the region that bears the load, such as near the inside of the steel plate, and excellent bending.
- the load capacity can be improved while maintaining the properties.
- the ratio of the extreme densities of the orientation group consisting of 12> shall be less than 2.0. It is preferably less than 1.6.
- the ratio to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of the above may be 0.4 or more from the viewpoint of ensuring toughness.
- the extreme density of the surface layer region and the internal region is measured by the following method.
- the extreme densities of the surface region and the internal region are orientation data measured by the EBSD (Electron Backscattering Diffraction) method using a device combining a scanning electron microscope and an EBSD analyzer and OIM Analysis (registered trademark) manufactured by TSL.
- EBSD Electro Backscattering Diffraction
- OIM Analysis registered trademark manufactured by TSL.
- the measurement range is the region from the surface to the plate thickness 1/4 position (the region starting from the surface and ending at the plate thickness 1/4 position from the surface in the plate thickness direction), and the internal region. With respect to the region from the surface to the plate thickness 1/4 position to the surface to the plate thickness 1/2 position (starting from the plate thickness 1/4 position from the surface in the plate thickness direction, the plate thickness 1/2 in the plate thickness direction from the surface). The area whose end point is the position of).
- the measurement pitch is 5 ⁇ m / step.
- the average value of the extreme densities of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10> is the orientation consisting of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12>.
- the value divided by the average value of the extreme densities of the group is divided by the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10> and ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111.
- ⁇ The ratio to the extreme density of the azimuth group consisting of ⁇ -1-12>.
- ⁇ hkl ⁇ represents a crystal plane parallel to the rolling plane
- ⁇ uvw> represents a crystal plane parallel to the rolling direction. That is, ⁇ hkl ⁇ ⁇ uvw> means a crystal in which ⁇ hkl ⁇ is oriented in the plate normal direction and ⁇ uvw> is oriented in the rolling direction.
- the hot stamping steel sheet according to this embodiment may have a plating layer on the surface.
- a plating layer By having a plating layer on the surface, corrosion resistance can be improved after hot stamping.
- the plating layer include an aluminum plating layer, an aluminum-zinc plating layer, an aluminum-silicon plating layer, a hot-dip galvanizing layer, an electrozinc plating layer, and an alloyed hot-dip galvanizing layer.
- the decarburization index of the hot stamping steel sheet is 0.085 or more.
- the decarburization index is an index for quantifying the amount of carbon reduction in the surface layer of the steel sheet, and can be calculated by the following method.
- the element concentration distribution in the plate thickness direction in the hot stamping steel sheet is measured using a glow discharge emission analyzer (Glow Discharge Optical Measurement Spectroscopy, GD-OES).
- the measurement range is 200 ⁇ m from the outermost surface of the steel sheet, and the measurement interval is 0.02 ⁇ m or less. Measurements are performed on all elements contained in the hot stamping steel sheet.
- part or all of the plating layer or coating is removed by mechanical polishing or chemical polishing so that measurements can be made from the outermost surface of the steel sheet to a depth of 200 ⁇ m. After removing it, it is used for GD-OES measurement.
- the region where the iron concentration is 90% by mass or more is determined to be a steel sheet, and the measurement point where the iron concentration is 90% by mass is defined as the outermost surface position of the steel sheet.
- an average value is calculated for the measured carbon concentration (1000 points or more) from the outermost surface position of the steel sheet to a depth of 180 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, and this average value is regarded as the carbon concentration of the steel sheet base material.
- the measured carbon concentration in the region from the deepest part to the surface layer side is 20 ⁇ m
- the average value of the carbon concentration in the region from the deepest part to the surface layer side is 20 ⁇ m
- the carbon in the region from the deepest part to the surface layer side is 20 ⁇ m.
- the absolute value of the difference from the maximum value of the measured concentration is 0.1% or less, and the average value of the carbon concentration in the region from the deepest part to the surface layer side up to 20 ⁇ m and the average value of the carbon concentration from the deepest part to the surface layer side up to 20 ⁇ m.
- the average value of the carbon concentration in the region from the deepest part to the surface layer side up to 20 ⁇ m is the carbon concentration of the steel plate base material. May be.
- the unit depth is 20 ⁇ m, and the deepest part means the deeper position when the position is described for each unit depth from the position of the outermost surface of the steel sheet to the position of 200 ⁇ m in depth.
- the “measured value of the carbon concentration in the region from the deepest part to the surface layer side to 20 ⁇ m” means the carbon concentration at the measurement point included in the position from the 100 ⁇ m position to the 120 ⁇ m position.
- the amount of decrease in carbon concentration per unit depth (value obtained by subtracting the carbon concentration at each measurement point from the carbon concentration of the base metal) is calculated, and the unit depth and carbon The integrated value of the product with the amount of decrease in concentration is obtained and used as the area of the carbon deficient region (area A).
- the product of the carbon concentration of the base metal and 200 ⁇ m is used as the reference area (area B), and the value obtained by dividing the carbon deficient area (area A) by the reference area (area B) is used as the decarburization index.
- the hot stamped body according to the present embodiment is characterized in that by changing the texture between the surface layer region and the internal region, the deformability of the metal structure in the surface layer region is improved and the internal load capacity is increased. .. Since the chemical composition of the hot stamping compact according to the present embodiment is the same as the chemical composition of the hot stamping steel sheet described above, the description thereof will be omitted.
- the hot stamped body according to the present embodiment has a metal structure containing martensite, baynite, and tempered martensite having a total area ratio of 90% or more, and has a plate thickness of 1/4 from the surface to the surface. In the aggregate, it consists of the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10> and ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12>.
- Martensite, bainite and tempered martensite 90% or more in total Martensite, bainite and tempered martensite are the tissues required to obtain the desired strength. If the total area ratio of martensite, bainite and tempered martensite is less than 90%, the desired strength cannot be obtained. Therefore, the total area ratio of martensite, bainite and tempered martensite shall be 90% or more. It is preferably 93% or more and 95% or more. Since it is preferable that the area ratio of martensite, bainite and tempered martensite is large, the area ratio of martensite, bainite and tempered martensite may be 100%.
- two or more kinds of martensite, bainite and tempered martensite may be contained in a total of 90% or more, and one of martensite, bainite or tempered martensite is contained in 90% or more. You may be.
- the hot stamped molded product according to the present embodiment may contain one or more of ferrite and granular bainite as the residual structure. If the area ratio of these residual structures exceeds 10%, the desired load capacity cannot be obtained. Therefore, the area ratio of the remaining structure may be 10% or less. Since the smaller the area ratio of the remaining structure is, the more preferable it is, the area ratio of the remaining structure may be 7% or less, 5% or less, or 0%.
- the metal structure of the hot stamped compact according to the present embodiment is measured by the following method.
- a sample is cut out from an arbitrary position 50 mm or more away from the end face of the hot stamped body (a position avoiding the end when the sample cannot be collected from this position) so that a cross section of the plate thickness parallel to the rolling direction can be observed.
- the size of the sample depends on the measuring device, but is set to a size that can be observed by about 10 mm in the rolling direction.
- a diamond powder having a particle size of 1 to 6 ⁇ m is mirror-finished using a diluted solution such as alcohol or a liquid dispersed in pure water. ..
- the strain introduced into the surface layer of the sample is removed by polishing at room temperature with colloidal silica containing no alkaline solution for 8 minutes. Electron backscatter at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the sample cross section in a region having a length of 50 ⁇ m and a depth of 1/8 of the plate thickness from the surface to a depth of 3/8 of the plate thickness from the surface at a measurement interval of 0.1 ⁇ m. Crystal orientation information is obtained by measurement by diffraction method.
- an EBSD analyzer composed of a thermal field emission scanning electron microscope (JSM-7001F manufactured by JEOL) and an EBSD detector (DVC5 type detector manufactured by TSL) is used.
- the degree of vacuum in the EBSD analyzer is 9.6 ⁇ 10 -5 Pa or less
- the acceleration voltage is 15 kV
- the irradiation current level is 13
- the electron beam irradiation level is 62.
- the obtained crystal orientation information is used to identify the region where the crystal structure is bcc by using the "Phase Map” function installed in the software "OIM Analysis (registered trademark)" attached to the EBSD analysis device.
- Those having a crystal structure of bcc are judged to be bainite, tempered martensite, martensite, granular bainite and ferrite.
- martensite the area where the Grain Average Simulation value exceeds 3.0 ° using the "Grain Average Simulation” function installed in the software "OIM Analysis (registered trademark)” attached to the EBSD analyzer.
- the total area ratio of "martensite, bainite and tempered martensite” is obtained.
- the area ratio of the remaining tissue may be obtained by subtracting the total area ratio of "martensite, bainite and tempered martensite" from 100%.
- the ratio to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of -12> shall be less than 1.8. It is preferably less than 1.7 and less than 1.6.
- the ratio to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of the above may be 0.4 or more from the viewpoint of ensuring the strength.
- a high load capacity can be obtained by setting the ratio to the extreme density of the azimuth group consisting of the above to less than 2.3. Therefore, in the aggregate structure of the internal region, the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10> and ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1.
- the ratio to the extreme density of the azimuth group consisting of -12> shall be less than 2.3. It is preferably less than 2.2 and less than 2.1.
- the ratio to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of the above may be 0.4 or more from the viewpoint of ensuring toughness.
- the extreme densities of the surface layer region and the internal region may be measured by the same method as for the hot stamping steel sheet.
- the rolling direction in the hot stamped body may be determined by the following method. First, a test piece is collected so that the plate thickness cross section of the hot stamp molded product can be observed. After finishing the plate thickness cross section of the collected test piece by mirror polishing, observe it using an optical microscope. The observation range is the total thickness of the plate, and the region where the brightness is dark is determined to be an inclusion. Among the inclusions, in the inclusions having a major axis length of 40 ⁇ m or more, the direction parallel to the extending direction of the inclusions is determined to be the rolling direction.
- the hot stamp molded body according to this embodiment may have a plating layer on the surface.
- a plating layer By having a plating layer on the surface, corrosion resistance can be improved.
- the plating layer include an aluminum plating layer, an aluminum-zinc plating layer, an aluminum-silicon plating layer, a hot-dip galvanizing layer, an electrozinc plating layer, and an alloyed hot-dip galvanizing layer.
- the decarburization index of the hot stamped product is 0.085 or more.
- It is preferably 0.140 or more, and more preferably 0.180 or more.
- the upper limit of the decarburization index is 1.000, but in order to maintain excellent bendability and improve the load capacity, it is preferably 0.500 or less, more preferably 0. It is 040 or less.
- the decarburization index of the hot stamping compact may be measured by the same method as for the hot stamping steel plate.
- the cast slab is heated to 1200 ° C. or higher and held for 20 minutes or longer, and then the rolling one pass before the final rolling in hot rolling is reduced by 8 to 30% in the temperature range of 850 to 900 ° C. It is preferable to carry out at a rate.
- the average cooling rate in the temperature range of the hot rolling end temperature to 450 ° C. is less than 10 ° C./s after 2.5 seconds or more have elapsed after the hot rolling end. After that, it is preferable to wind it in a temperature range of 700 ° C. or lower. Further, it is preferable to produce a hot stamping steel sheet having the above chemical composition by performing decarburization annealing.
- the present inventors have found that the texture that improves bending deformability and load bearing capacity after hot stamping develops by transforming austenite containing a small amount of dislocations into ferrite or granular bainite. Therefore, if the rolling one pass before the final rolling is carried out at a temperature of less than 850 ° C. or the rolling reduction is carried out at a rolling reduction of more than 30%, the austenite dislocation before transformation is not recovered and the final rolling is carried out to obtain dislocations. Austenite-to-ferrite transformations may occur while still contained, inhibiting the development of the desired texture.
- the rolling one pass before the final rolling is carried out at a temperature of more than 900 ° C. or a rolling reduction of less than 8%, the recovery of dislocations is promoted too much and the dislocation density in austenite becomes too low. , The desired texture may not be obtained. Therefore, it is preferable that the rolling one pass before the final rolling in hot rolling is carried out in a temperature range of 850 to 900 ° C. and a rolling reduction of 8 to 30%.
- the austenite before transformation is finally rolled without recovering the dislocations, and the austenite is transferred to ferrite with the dislocations. Metamorphosis may occur and impede the development of the desired aggregate.
- the final rolling of hot rolling is preferably carried out in a temperature range of 800 ° C. or higher and lower than 850 ° C. at a rolling reduction of 6 to 12%.
- the average cooling rate in the temperature range from the hot rolling end temperature to 450 ° C is set to less than 10 ° C / s, so that the phase transformation to ferrite or granular bainite is performed. Can be promoted to fully develop the desired aggregate. If the average cooling rate in the above temperature range is 10 ° C./s or higher, a desired texture may not be obtained.
- the average cooling rate referred to here is a value obtained by dividing the temperature difference between the start point and the end point of the set range by the elapsed time from the start point to the end point.
- the winding temperature is preferably 700 ° C. or lower.
- a steel sheet for hot stamping is obtained by the above method.
- decarburization annealing it is preferable to perform decarburization annealing on the hot stamping steel sheet obtained by the above method.
- Plating may be performed on the decarburization annealing line, or the annealing line for plating may be passed through again after the decarburization annealing is completed.
- Examples of the plating layer applied to the surface of the hot stamping steel plate include an aluminum plating layer, an aluminum-zinc plating layer, an aluminum-silicon plating layer, a hot-dip galvanizing layer, an electrozinc plating layer, and an alloyed hot-dip galvanizing layer.
- an aluminum plating layer an aluminum-zinc plating layer, an aluminum-silicon plating layer, a hot-dip galvanizing layer, an electrozinc plating layer, and an alloyed hot-dip galvanizing layer.
- the atmosphere is a moist atmosphere containing hydrogen, nitrogen or oxygen
- the decarburization annealing temperature (the maximum temperature reached by the steel sheet) is 700 to 950 ° C
- the temperature range is 700 to 950 ° C.
- the residence time is 5 seconds to 1200 seconds. The residence time here means the time from when the temperature of the steel sheet rises and reaches 700 ° C. to when the temperature of the steel sheet is maintained at 700 to 950 ° C. and the temperature of the steel sheet drops and reaches 700 ° C.
- the maximum temperature reached is less than 700 ° C. and the residence time in the temperature range of 700 to 950 ° C. is less than 5 seconds, the diffusion of C is not sufficiently promoted, so that decarburization does not proceed and the texture of the surface layer region is aggregated. May not be controllable.
- the maximum reached temperature exceeds 950 ° C. and the residence time in the temperature range of 700 to 950 ° C. exceeds 1200 seconds, decarburization proceeds too much and ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1- in the texture of the surface layer region.
- the ratio of the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of 10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10> to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> is 1. It may not be possible to control it below 5.5.
- the hot stamping compact according to the present embodiment can be obtained by hot stamping a hot stamping steel sheet manufactured by the above method in a high temperature range.
- the average heating rate during heating may be 0.1 ° C./s or more and 200 ° C./s or less.
- the average heating rate here is a value obtained by dividing the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the steel sheet at the start of heating and the holding temperature by the time difference from the start of heating to the time when the holding temperature is reached. Further, in the above-mentioned holding, the temperature of the steel sheet may be changed or kept constant in the temperature range of 800 to 1000 ° C.
- the heating temperature is less than 800 ° C. and the holding time is less than 60 seconds, the dissolution of carbides becomes impure, and the remaining carbides may become the starting point of cracking and the bendability may decrease. If the heating temperature is more than 1000 ° C. and the holding time is more than 600 seconds, the diffusion of C is promoted too much, and the texture of the internal region is ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10>. In some cases, the ratio of the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> cannot be less than 2.3.
- Examples of the heating method before hot stamping include heating by an electric furnace or a gas furnace, flame heating, energization heating, high frequency heating, induction heating, and the like.
- hot stamp After holding in the above temperature range, hot stamp.
- the molding temperature is less than 650 ° C.
- the total area ratio of bainite, tempered martensite, and martensite cannot be 90%, which is desired. It may not be possible to obtain a load capacity.
- the particle size becomes too large in the texture of the internal region, and the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10> and ⁇ 111 ⁇ . It may not be possible to control the ratio of the extreme densities of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> to less than 2.3.
- a hot stamp molded product is obtained by the above method. After hot stamping, tempering may be performed at 150 to 600 ° C. Further, a part of the hot stamped molded product may be tempered by laser irradiation or the like to partially provide a softened region.
- the conditions in the examples are one condition example adopted for confirming the feasibility and effect of the present invention, and the present invention is based on this one condition example. Not limited.
- the present invention can adopt various conditions as long as the gist of the present invention is not deviated and the object of the present invention is achieved.
- the steel pieces produced by casting the molten steel having the chemical compositions shown in Table 1-1 and Table 1-2 are held in a temperature range of 1200 ° C. or higher for 20 minutes or longer, and then shown in Tables 2-1 to 2-6.
- Hot rolling, cold rolling and decarburization annealing were performed under the conditions. If necessary, softening heat treatment was performed before decarburization annealing. In addition, plating and plating annealing were performed as necessary. As a result, the hot stamping steel sheets shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-3 were obtained.
- a hot stamped body was obtained by hot stamping the obtained steel sheet for hot stamping under the conditions shown in Tables 4-A-1 to 4-A-3. Some hot stamped bodies were tempered at 150 to 600 ° C. after hot stamping. Further, for a part of the hot stamped molded product, a partially softened region was formed by irradiating a part of the hot stamped molded product with a laser and baking it. Tables 5-A-1 to 5-A-3 show the microstructure and mechanical properties of the obtained hot stamped product.
- the underline in the table indicates that it is out of the scope of the present invention, that it is out of the preferable manufacturing conditions, and that the characteristic value is not preferable.
- the "extreme density ratio in the texture of the surface layer region" in Tables 5-A-1 to 5-A-3 is " ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1-in the texture at the position of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface to the surface". The ratio of the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of 10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ -1-10> to the extreme density of the orientation group consisting of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12>.
- the "extreme density ratio in the aggregate structure of the internal region” is " ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ in the aggregate structure from the surface to the plate thickness 1/4 position to the surface to the plate thickness 1/2 position.
- the ratio of the extreme density of the azimuth group consisting of -1-10> to the extreme density of the azimuth group consisting of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 1-10> to ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ -1-12> is shown.
- the “increase amount (N / °)” in Tables 5-A-1 to 5-A-3 is "load increase amount per unit bending angle (N / °) in the region from immediately after the start of the test to the bending angle 20 °). ".
- the metal structure and aggregate structure of the hot stamping steel plate and the hot stamping compact were measured by the above-mentioned measuring method.
- the mechanical properties of the hot stamp molded product were evaluated by the following method.
- Tensile strength and uniform elongation Tensile (maximum) strength TS and uniform elongation uEl of the hot stamped article are prepared from any position of the hot stamped article in accordance with JIS Z 2241: 2011, and the No. 5 test piece is prepared and pulled. Obtained by conducting a test. The crosshead speed was set to 3 mm / min.
- the tensile strength TS was 1500 MPa or more, it was judged to be acceptable as having excellent strength, and when it was less than 1500 MPa, it was judged to be rejected as being inferior in strength.
- Bending angle and load-bearing bending angle were evaluated by the following method based on the VDA standard (VDA238-100) specified by the German Association of the Automotive Industry.
- VDA238-100 the displacement at the maximum load obtained in the bending test is converted into an angle based on the VDA, and the maximum bending angle ⁇ (°) is obtained.
- the product (TS ⁇ ⁇ ) of the tensile strength TS and the maximum bending angle ⁇ obtained by the above method is 75,000 MPa ⁇ ° or more, it is judged to be acceptable as having excellent bendability, and when it is less than 75,000 MPa ⁇ °, bending is performed. It was judged to be unacceptable because it was inferior in sex.
- the load capacity was evaluated by the amount of load increase per unit bending angle in the region from immediately after the start of the test to the bending angle of 20 ° in the load stroke curve obtained in the bending test.
- the load increase amount per unit bending angle was 400 N / ° or more, it was judged to be acceptable as having an excellent load capacity, and when it was less than 400 N / °, it was judged to be rejected as being inferior to the load capacity.
- the hot stamped compact of the present invention has excellent strength and bendability, and has a high load capacity.
- the hot stamp molded product which is a comparative example, is inferior in one or more characteristics.
- a hot stamping molded body having excellent strength and bendability and a high load capacity, and a hot stamping steel plate capable of obtaining this hot stamping molded body. Can be done.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2020年5月13日に、日本に出願された特願2020-084593号および特願2020-084592号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1)本発明の一態様に係るホットスタンプ用鋼板は化学組成が、質量%で、
C :0.15~0.50%、
Si:0.0010~3.000%、
Mn:0.30~3.00%、
Al:0.0002~2.000%、
P :0.100%以下、
S :0.1000%以下、
N :0.0100%以下、
Nb:0~0.15%、
Ti:0~0.15%、
V :0~0.15%、
Mo:0~1.0%、
Cr:0~1.0%、
Cu:0~1.0%、
Ni:0~1.0%、
B :0~0.0100%、
Ca:0~0.010%、および
REM:0~0.30%
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなり、
面積率で、合計で20~80%のフェライト、グラニュラーベイナイト、ベイナイトおよびマルテンサイトと、パーライトおよび炭化物からなる残部組織と、からなる金属組織を有し、
表面~前記表面から板厚1/4位置の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比が1.5未満であり、
前記表面から前記板厚1/4位置~前記表面から板厚1/2位置の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比が2.0未満である。
(2)上記(1)に記載のホットスタンプ用鋼板は、前記化学組成が、質量%で、
Nb:0.05~0.15%、
Ti:0.05~0.15%、
V :0.05~0.15%、
Mo:0.05~1.0%、
Cr:0.05~1.0%、
Cu:0.05~1.0%、
Ni:0.05~1.0%、
B :0.0001~0.0100%、
Ca:0.001~0.010%、および
REM:0.001~0.30%
からなる群のうち1種以上を含有してもよい。
(3)上記(1)または(2)に記載のホットスタンプ用鋼板は、脱炭指標が0.085以上であってもよい。
(4)本発明の別の態様に係るホットスタンプ成形体は、化学組成が、質量%で、
C :0.15~0.50%、
Si:0.0010~3.000%、
Mn:0.30~3.00%、
Al:0.0002~2.000%、
P :0.100%以下、
S :0.1000%以下、
N :0.0100%以下、
Nb:0~0.15%、
Ti:0~0.15%、
V :0~0.15%、
Mo:0~1.0%、
Cr:0~1.0%、
Cu:0~1.0%、
Ni:0~1.0%、
B :0~0.0100%、
Ca:0~0.010%、および
REM:0~0.30%
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなり、
面積率で、合計で90%以上のマルテンサイト、ベイナイトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイトを含む金属組織を有し、
表面~前記表面から板厚1/4位置の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比が1.8未満であり、
前記表面から前記板厚1/4位置~前記表面から板厚1/2位置の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比が2.3未満である。
(5)上記(4)に記載のホットスタンプ成形体は、前記化学組成が、質量%で、
Nb:0.05~0.15%、
Ti:0.05~0.15%、
V :0.05~0.15%、
Mo:0.05~1.0%、
Cr:0.05~1.0%、
Cu:0.05~1.0%、
Ni:0.05~1.0%、
B :0.0001~0.0100%、
Ca:0.001~0.010%、および
REM:0.001~0.30%
からなる群のうち1種以上を含有してもよい。
(6)上記(4)または(5)に記載のホットスタンプ成形体は、脱炭指標が0.085以上であってもよい。
以下、各元素について説明する。
Cは、ホットスタンプ成形体の強度を向上させる元素である。C含有量が0.15%未満では、ホットスタンプ成形体において所望の強度を得ることができない。そのため、C含有量は0.15%以上とする。C含有量は、好ましくは0.17%以上、0.20%以上、0.23%以上である。一方、C含有量が0.50%超では、優れた曲げ性を得ることができない。そのため、C含有量は0.50%以下とする。好ましくは、C含有量は、0.46%以下、0.43%以下である。
Siは、固溶強化により、ホットスタンプ成形体の強度を向上する元素である。Si含有量が0.0010%未満では、所望の強度を得ることができない。そのため、Si含有量は0.0010%以上とする。Si含有量は、好ましくは0.050%以上、0.100%以上、0.300%以上、0.500%以上である。一方、Si含有量が3.000%超では、フェライト量が増加し、所望の金属組織を得ることができない。そのため、Si含有量は3.000%以下とする。Si含有量は、好ましくは2.700%以下、2.500%以下である。
Mnは、鋼の焼入れ性を向上させる元素である。焼入れ性を向上させて、ホットスタンプ後において所望量のマルテンサイトを得るために、Mn含有量は0.30%以上とする。Mn含有量は、好ましくは0.50%以上、0.70%以上、1.00%以上である。一方、Mn含有量が3.00%超では、Mn偏析に起因する割れが発生しやすくなり、優れた曲げ性を得ることができない。そのため、Mn含有量は3.00%以下とする。好ましくは、Mn含有量は2.70%以下、2.50%以下、2.30%以下である。
Alは、溶鋼を脱酸して、破壊の起点となる酸化物の生成を抑制することで変形能を向上し、ホットスタンプ成形体の曲げ性を高める元素である。Al含有量が0.0002%未満では、脱酸が十分に行われず、粗大な酸化物が生成して、上記効果が得られない。そのため、Al含有量は0.0002%以上とする。Al含有量は、好ましくは0.001%以上である。一方、Al含有量が2.000%を超えると、鋼中に粗大な酸化物が生成し、ホットスタンプ成形体の曲げ性が低下する。そのため、Al含有量は2.000%以下とする。Al含有量は、好ましくは1.700%以下、または1.500%以下である。
Pは、不純物元素であり、粒界に偏析することで破壊の起点となる。そのため、P含有量は0.100%以下に制限する。P含有量は、好ましくは0.050%以下である。P含有量の下限は特に限定しないが、0.0001%未満に低減すると、脱Pコストが大幅に上昇し、経済的に好ましくない。そのため、P含有量は0.0001%以上としてもよい。
Sは、不純物元素であり、鋼中に介在物を形成する。この介在物は破壊の起点となるため、S含有量は0.1000%以下に制限する。S含有量は、好ましくは0.0500%以下、0.0300%以下である。S含有量の下限は特に限定しないが、0.0001%未満に低減すると、脱Sコストが大幅に上昇し、経済的に好ましくない。そのため、S含有量は0.0001%以上としてもよい。
Nは、不純物元素であり、鋼中に窒化物を形成する。この窒化物は破壊の起点となるため、N含有量は0.0100%以下に制限する。N含有量は、好ましくは0.0050%以下である。N含有量の下限は特に限定しないが、0.0001%未満に低減すると、脱Nコストが大幅に上昇し、経済的に好ましくない。そのため、N含有量は0.0001%以上としてもよい。
Ti:0~0.15%
V:0~0.15%
NbおよびTiは、鋼中に炭窒化物を形成して、析出強化によりホットスタンプ成形体の強度を向上する効果を有する。この効果を確実に発揮させるためには、Nb、TiおよびVの1種でもその含有量を0.05%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、Nb、TiおよびVのうち1種でもその含有量を0.15%超とした場合には、鋼中に多量に炭窒化物が生成してホットスタンプ成形体の延性が低下する。そのため、Nb含有量、Ti含有量およびV含有量はそれぞれ0.15%以下とする。
Cr:0~1.0%
Cu:0~1.0%
Ni:0~1.0%
MoおよびCrは、ホットスタンプ前の加熱時に旧オーステナイト粒に固溶することで、ホットスタンプ成形体の強度を高める作用を有する。この効果を確実に得る場合、Mo、Cr、CuおよびNiの1種でもその含有量を0.05%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、Mo、Cr、CuおよびNiを多量に含有させても上記効果は飽和するため、Mo含有量Cr含有量、Cu含有量、Ni含有量はそれぞれ1.0%以下とすることが好ましい。
Bは、鋼の焼き入れ性を向上させる元素である。この効果を確実に得るためには、B含有量は0.0001%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、B含有量を0.0100%超としても、焼き入れ性向上の効果が飽和する。そのため、B含有量は0.0100%以下とする。
REM:0~0.30%
CaおよびREMは、破壊の起点となる酸化物の生成を抑制することで変形能を向上し、ホットスタンプ成形体の曲げ性を高める元素である。この効果を確実に得る場合、CaおよびREMの1種でもその含有量を0.001%以上とすることが好ましい。一方、CaおよびREMを多量に含有させても上記効果は飽和するため、Ca含有量は0.010%以下、REM含有量は0.30%以下とする。
本実施形態に係るホットスタンプ用鋼板は、面積率で、合計で20~80%のフェライト、グラニュラーベイナイト、ベイナイトおよびマルテンサイトと、パーライトおよび炭化物からなる残部組織と、からなる金属組織を有する。以下に説明する金属組織についての%は全て面積%である。
フェライト、グラニュラーベイナイト、ベイナイト、マルテンサイトは、ホットスタンプ成形体において所望の集合組織を得るために必要な組織である。これら組織の合計の面積率が20%未満であると、ホットスタンプ成形体において所望の集合組織を得ることができない。そのため、フェライトの面積率は20%以上とする。好ましくは、30%以上、40%以上である。一方、これらの組織の面積率が80%超であると、残部のパーライトに炭素が濃化してしまい、ホットスタンプ加熱時に炭化物が溶解しにくくなり、変形時に割れの起点となる。そのため、80%以下とする。好ましくは、70%以下、60%以下である。
ホットスタンプ用鋼板の金属組織の残部組織は、パーライトおよび炭化物からなる。ホットスタンプ用鋼板の金属組織には、上述した組織と、パーライトおよび炭化物以外の組織は含まれないため、残部組織の面積率は20~80%としてもよい。
ホットスタンプ用鋼板の端面から50mm以上離れた任意の位置(この位置からサンプルを採取できない場合は、端部を避けた位置)から、圧延方向に平行な板厚断面が観察できるようにサンプルを切り出す。サンプルの大きさは、測定装置にもよるが、圧延方向に10mm程度観察できる大きさとする。
本実施形態に係るホットスタンプ用鋼板は、表面~表面から板厚1/4位置の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比が1.5未満であり、表面から板厚1/4位置~表面から板厚1/2位置の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比が2.0未満である。
表面~表面から板厚1/4位置(以下、表層領域と記載する場合がある)の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比を1.5未満とする。
表面から板厚1/4位置~表面から板厚1/2位置(以下、内部領域と記載する場合がある)の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比を2.0未満とする。
表層領域および内部領域の極密度は、以下の方法により測定する。
表層領域および内部領域の極密度は、走査電子顕微鏡とEBSD解析装置とを組み合わせた装置およびTSL社製のOIM Analysis(登録商標)を用いて、EBSD(Electron Back Scattering Diffraction)法で測定した方位データを、球面調和関数を用いて計算して算出した3次元集合組織を表示する結晶方位分布関数(ODF:Orientation Distribution Function)から求めることができる。
ホットスタンプ用鋼板の脱炭指標を好ましく制御することで、鋼板内部近傍のように耐荷重を担う領域には、破壊しにくい粒界を持つ集合組織の発達を促進させることができ、優れた曲げ性を維持しながら耐荷重も向上させることができる。好ましくは0.140以上であり、より好ましくは0.180以上である。脱炭指標の算出方法から、上限値は1.000となる。
脱炭指標は鋼板表層における炭素の減少量を定量化する指標であり、次の方法で算出することができる。グロー放電発光分析装置(Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectrometry、GD-OES)を用いてホットスタンプ用鋼板における板厚方向の元素濃度分布を測定する。ここで、測定範囲は鋼板の最表面から深さ200μmとし、測定間隔は0.02μm以下とする。測定はホットスタンプ用鋼板に含まれる全ての元素について実施する。
または、最深部から表層側に20μmまでの領域における炭素濃度の測定値が、最深部から表層側に20μmまでの領域における炭素濃度の平均値と、最深部から表層側に20μmまでの領域における炭素濃度の測定値の最大値との差の絶対値が0.1%以下であり、かつ最深部から表層側に20μmまでの領域における炭素濃度の平均値と、最深部から表層側に20μmまでの領域における炭素濃度の測定値の最小値との差の絶対値が0.1%以下である場合は、最深部から表層側に20μmまでの領域における炭素濃度の平均値を鋼板母材の炭素濃度としてもよい。
単位深さは20μmであり、最深部とは、鋼板の最表面位置から深さ200μmの位置までにおいて、単位深さ毎に位置を記した場合の深い方の位置を言う。例えば、最深部が120μmである場合、「最深部から表層側に20μmまでの領域における炭素濃度の測定値」とは100μm位置から120μm位置に含まれる測定点における炭素濃度という意味である。
マルテンサイト、ベイナイトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイトは、所望の強度を得るために必要な組織である。マルテンサイト、ベイナイトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイトの面積率の合計が90%未満であると、所望の強度を得ることができない。そのため、マルテンサイト、ベイナイトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイトの面積率は合計で90%以上とする。好ましくは93%以上、95%以上である。マルテンサイト、ベイナイトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイトの面積率は多い程好ましいため、マルテンサイト、ベイナイトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイトの面積率は100%としてもよい。
本実施形態に係るホットスタンプ成形体の金属組織は、以下の方法により測定する。
ホットスタンプ成形体の端面から50mm以上離れた任意の位置(この位置からサンプルを採取できない場合は、端部を避けた位置)から圧延方向に平行な板厚断面が観察できるようにサンプルを切り出す。サンプルの大きさは、測定装置にもよるが、圧延方向に10mm程度観察できる大きさとする。
表面~表面から板厚1/4位置(表層領域)の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比を1.8未満とすることで、曲げ性を向上することができる。そのため、表層領域の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比は1.8未満とする。好ましくは、1.7未満、1.6未満である。
表面から板厚1/4位置~表面から板厚1/2位置(内部領域)の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比を2.3未満とすることで、高い耐荷重を得ることができる。そのため、内部領域の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比は2.3未満とする。好ましくは、2.2未満、2.1未満である。
まず、ホットスタンプ成形体の板厚断面が観察できるように試験片を採取する。採取した試験片の板厚断面を鏡面研磨で仕上げた後、光学顕微鏡を用いて観察する。観察範囲は板厚の全厚とし、輝度が暗い領域を介在物と判定する。介在物のうち長軸の長さが40μm以上である介在物において、介在物が伸展している方向と平行な方向を圧延方向と判別する。
ホットスタンプ成形体の脱炭指標を好ましく制御することで、鋼板内部近傍のように耐荷重を担う領域には、破壊しにくい粒界を持つ集合組織の発達を促進させることができ、優れた曲げ性を維持しながら耐荷重も向上させることができる。好ましくは0.140以上であり、より好ましくは0.180以上である。脱炭指標の算出方法から脱炭指標の上限値は1.000となるが、優れた曲げ性を維持しながら耐荷重も向上させるためには、好ましくは0.500以下、より好ましくは0.040以下である。
以下、本実施形態に係るホットスタンプ用鋼板の好ましい製造方法について説明する。
そのため、熱間圧延における最終圧延の1パス前の圧延は、850~900℃の温度域で8~30%の圧下率で実施することが好ましい。
そのため、熱間圧延の最終圧延は、800℃以上、850℃未満の温度域で6~12%の圧下率で実施することが好ましい。
なお、ここでいう平均冷却速度とは、設定する範囲の始点と終点との温度差を、始点から終点までの経過時間で除した値とする。
以上の方法により、ホットスタンプ用鋼板を得る。
ホットスタンプ成形体の引張(最大)強度TSおよび均一伸びuElは、ホットスタンプ成形体の任意の位置からJIS Z 2241:2011に準拠して、5号試験片を作製し、引張試験を行うことで求めた。なお、クロスヘッド速度は3mm/minとした。
曲げ角度は、ドイツ自動車工業会で規定されたVDA基準(VDA238-100)に基づいて、以下の方法により評価した。本実施例では、曲げ試験で得られる最大荷重時の変位をVDA基準で角度に変換し、最大曲げ角度α(°)を求めた。上述の方法により得た引張強度TSと最大曲げ角αとの積(TS×α)が75000MPa・°以上である場合を曲げ性に優れるとして合格と判定し、75000MPa・°未満である場合を曲げ性に劣るとして不合格と判定した。
試験片寸法:60mm(圧延方向)×30mm(板幅方向に平行な方向)
試験片板厚:1.6mm
曲げ稜線:板幅方向に平行な方向
試験方法:ロール支持、ポンチ押し込み
ロール径:φ30mm
ポンチ形状:先端R=0.4mm
ロール間距離:2.0×板厚(mm)+0.5mm
押し込み速度:20mm/min
試験機:SHIMADZU AUTOGRAPH 20kN
一方、比較例であるホットスタンプ成形体は、1つ以上の特性が劣ることが分かる。
Claims (6)
- 化学組成が、質量%で、
C :0.15~0.50%、
Si:0.0010~3.000%、
Mn:0.30~3.00%、
Al:0.0002~2.000%、
P :0.100%以下、
S :0.1000%以下、
N :0.0100%以下、
Nb:0~0.15%、
Ti:0~0.15%、
V :0~0.15%、
Mo:0~1.0%、
Cr:0~1.0%、
Cu:0~1.0%、
Ni:0~1.0%、
B :0~0.0100%、
Ca:0~0.010%、および
REM:0~0.30%
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなり、
面積率で、合計で20~80%のフェライト、グラニュラーベイナイト、ベイナイトおよびマルテンサイトと、パーライトおよび炭化物からなる残部組織と、からなる金属組織を有し、
表面~前記表面から板厚1/4位置の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比が1.5未満であり、
前記表面から前記板厚1/4位置~前記表面から板厚1/2位置の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比が2.0未満である
ことを特徴とするホットスタンプ用鋼板。 - 前記化学組成が、質量%で、
Nb:0.05~0.15%、
Ti:0.05~0.15%、
V :0.05~0.15%、
Mo:0.05~1.0%、
Cr:0.05~1.0%、
Cu:0.05~1.0%、
Ni:0.05~1.0%、
B :0.0001~0.0100%、
Ca:0.001~0.010%、および
REM:0.001~0.30%
からなる群のうち1種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のホットスタンプ用鋼板。 - 脱炭指標が0.085以上であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のホットスタンプ用鋼板。
- 化学組成が、質量%で、
C :0.15~0.50%、
Si:0.0010~3.000%、
Mn:0.30~3.00%、
Al:0.0002~2.000%、
P :0.100%以下、
S :0.1000%以下、
N :0.0100%以下、
Nb:0~0.15%、
Ti:0~0.15%、
V :0~0.15%、
Mo:0~1.0%、
Cr:0~1.0%、
Cu:0~1.0%、
Ni:0~1.0%、
B :0~0.0100%、
Ca:0~0.010%、および
REM:0~0.30%
を含有し、残部がFeおよび不純物からなり、
面積率で、合計で90%以上のマルテンサイト、ベイナイトおよび焼き戻しマルテンサイトを含む金属組織を有し、
表面~前記表面から板厚1/4位置の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比が1.8未満であり、
前記表面から前記板厚1/4位置~前記表面から板厚1/2位置の集合組織において、{001}<1-10>~{001}<-1-10>からなる方位群の極密度と{111}<1-10>~{111}<-1-12>からなる方位群の極密度との比が2.3未満である
ことを特徴とするホットスタンプ成形体。 - 前記化学組成が、質量%で、
Nb:0.05~0.15%、
Ti:0.05~0.15%、
V :0.05~0.15%、
Mo:0.05~1.0%、
Cr:0.05~1.0%、
Cu:0.05~1.0%、
Ni:0.05~1.0%、
B :0.0001~0.0100%、
Ca:0.001~0.010%、および
REM:0.001~0.30%
からなる群のうち1種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項4に記載のホットスタンプ成形体。 - 脱炭指標が0.085以上であることを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載のホットスタンプ成形体。
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| KR102790648B1 (ko) | 2025-04-04 |
| JPWO2021230150A1 (ja) | 2021-11-18 |
| EP4151758A1 (en) | 2023-03-22 |
| CN115135790B (zh) | 2023-09-22 |
| JP7436917B2 (ja) | 2024-02-22 |
| CN115135790A (zh) | 2022-09-30 |
| KR20220129060A (ko) | 2022-09-22 |
| US20230081832A1 (en) | 2023-03-16 |
| EP4151758A4 (en) | 2023-10-18 |
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