WO2021230014A1 - 密閉型電池 - Google Patents
密閉型電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021230014A1 WO2021230014A1 PCT/JP2021/015960 JP2021015960W WO2021230014A1 WO 2021230014 A1 WO2021230014 A1 WO 2021230014A1 JP 2021015960 W JP2021015960 W JP 2021015960W WO 2021230014 A1 WO2021230014 A1 WO 2021230014A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- electrode body
- plate
- sealing
- rivet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/564—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
- H01M50/567—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process by fixing means, e.g. screws, rivets or bolts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
- H01M50/152—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
- H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
- H01M50/179—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
- H01M50/188—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members the sealing members being arranged between the lid and terminal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
- H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
- H01M50/559—Terminals adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round, elliptic or button cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
- H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
- H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
- H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sealed battery including a battery can, an electrode body housed in the battery can, and a sealing plate for closing the opening of the battery can.
- Patent Document 1 As a sealing method for a sealed battery, in Patent Document 1, a battery case, a sealing plate for sealing the opening of the battery case, a rivet that also serves as a terminal arranged on the sealing plate, and the sealing plate and the rivet are insulated from each other. Discloses a configuration with a gasket.
- the gasket is bent in the direction of the electrode plate group on the lower side of the sealing plate (the side facing the electrode plate group) so as to surround the metal washer that is electrically connected to the current collecting lead of the electrode plate group. There is.
- the movement of the electrode plate group is suppressed, and it is possible to suppress the displacement of the electrode plate at the time of a drop impact or the like.
- the actual drop direction is not limited to the direction from the electrode plate group to the sealing plate (Z direction), and the drop impact may be received in the direction perpendicular to the direction from the electrode plate group to the sealing plate (XY direction).
- the connection point with the current collecting lead moves as the electrode plates move. At this time, if the extension of the current collecting lead is not sufficient, tension is generated in the current collecting lead, and the connection between the washer and the current collecting lead may be partially or completely disconnected, and the electrical connection may not be established.
- One aspect of the present invention is a bottomed cylindrical battery can having an opening, an electrode body housed in the battery can, a sealing plate for closing the opening of the battery can, and the sealing plate.
- a rivet that also serves as a terminal, an insulating member that insulates the sealing plate and the rivet, and an internal lead that is electrically connected to the rivet are provided, and the insulating member is between the sealing plate and the rivet. It has a sealing portion for sealing and a plate-shaped portion extending in the radial direction of the electrode body closer to the electrode body than the sealing portion, and the peripheral edge of the plate-shaped portion has the diameter.
- the present invention relates to a sealed battery having a defect portion recessed in the direction and a part of the internal lead is arranged in the defect portion.
- the present invention it is possible to maintain an electrical connection between the electrode body and the terminal even against an impact such as dropping, and to provide a sealed battery having excellent impact resistance.
- the sealed battery according to the present embodiment (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as a battery) closes a bottomed cylindrical battery can having an opening, an electrode body housed in the battery can, and the opening of the battery can. It includes a sealing plate, a rivet that also serves as a terminal arranged on the sealing plate, an insulating member that insulates the sealing plate and the rivet, and an internal lead that is electrically connected to the rivet.
- the insulating member is, for example, a gasket.
- the insulating member may be made of a resin material.
- the direction from the electrode body to the terminal (rivet) in the battery is defined as the Z direction.
- the Z direction is also referred to as the vertical, axial or height direction of the battery.
- the direction perpendicular to the direction (Z direction) from the electrode body to the terminal (rivet) is called the XY direction, and the XY direction also includes the radial direction.
- the insulating member has a sealing portion that seals between the sealing plate and the rivet, and a plate-shaped portion that extends in the radial direction of the electrode body closer to the electrode body than the sealing portion.
- the plate-shaped portion limits the movement of the electrode body in the Z direction.
- the plate-shaped portion extends to a position near the electrode body in the Z direction.
- the plate-shaped portion protrudes in the Z direction and is in contact with the insulating plate provided above the electrode body, or is in direct contact with the electrode body.
- the position of the electrode body in the Z direction is fixed, and the impact resistance can be improved even when a drop impact or the like is received.
- an increase in internal resistance due to unwinding of the electrode body is suppressed, and a highly reliable battery can be realized.
- the peripheral edge of the plate-shaped portion has a defective portion recessed in the radial direction, and a part of the internal lead is arranged in the defective portion so as to extend to the defective portion.
- the movement (or rotation) of the internal lead and the electrode body in the XY direction can be restricted, and the impact resistance is improved. This is particularly effective when an electrode body having a small diameter is used because the space between the electrode body and the battery can becomes large and the electrode body easily moves in the XY direction due to a drop impact or the like.
- the defective portion can be formed, for example, by cutting out a plate-shaped portion at a part of the peripheral edge thereof (see FIG. 2 (A)).
- the internal lead may be folded and housed between the electrode body and the terminal so as to pass through the gap of the plate-shaped portion formed by the defective portion. As a result, the internal lead is locked to the plate-shaped portion at the defective portion. As a result, the movement of the internal lead with the movement of the electrode body is restricted.
- the defective portion may be provided at one location along the peripheral edge of the plate-shaped portion, or may be provided at a plurality of locations. When a plurality of defective portions are provided along the peripheral edge of the plate-shaped portion, it is easy to limit the movement of the electrode body in the XY direction.
- the plate-shaped portion may have an inclined portion that approaches the electrode body toward the outer side in the radial direction.
- the inclined portion acts as a spring, and it is easy to absorb the impact.
- the contact point with the insulating plate (or electrode body) is closer to the outside in the radial direction, the contact area can be increased, the electrode body can be securely fixed against a drop impact, etc., and impact resistance is improved. It can be improved and reliability is improved.
- the inclination angle ⁇ with respect to the axial direction of the battery can in the extending direction of the inclined portion can be, for example, 20 ° to 70 °.
- the plate-shaped portion further has a flange portion that bends from the inclined portion and extends radially outward along the end face of the electrode body.
- the flange portion may extend, for example, on a flat surface along the surface of the insulating plate or the end surface of the electrode body to form the flat portion.
- the flange portion comes into contact with the insulating plate (or the electrode body) on the surface, and it is easy to increase the contact area. Therefore, the electrode body can be reliably fixed against a drop impact or the like, and the impact resistance can be improved. As a result, a highly reliable battery can be realized.
- an insulating plate is provided above the electrode body to insulate the electrode body from the battery can and terminals and prevent an internal short circuit.
- the plate-shaped portion has a flange portion, the flange portion can function as an insulating plate, so that it is not necessary to separately provide an insulating plate.
- the flange portion can also press the electrode body in the Z direction.
- the position of the electrode body in the Z direction is fixed.
- the frictional force generated by the pressing suppresses the positional deviation of the electrode body in the XY direction, and the position in the XY direction can be fixed.
- the effect of fixing the position of the electrode body in an arbitrary three-dimensional direction is enhanced, and the impact resistance against a drop impact or the like can be improved. Therefore, an increase in internal resistance due to winding deviation of the electrode body or disconnection of the internal lead is suppressed, and a highly reliable battery can be realized.
- the flange portion may protrude outward in the radial direction from the electrode body in the battery immediately after manufacture in consideration of the expansion of the electrode body during actual use. In this case, there is a space between the battery can and the electrode body, and the electrode body easily moves in the XY direction. However, due to the action of the defective portion and the flange portion, the movement of the electrode body in the XY direction can be suppressed against a drop impact or the like.
- the width W of the flange portion in the radial direction can be, for example, 0.05 times or more and 0.5 times or less with respect to the maximum diameter (diameter) of the electrode body.
- the width W is 0.05 times or more the maximum diameter of the electrode body, it is easy to suppress the positional deviation of the electrode body in any three-dimensional direction via the insulating plate.
- the width W is preferably 0.1 times or more and 0.4 times or less with respect to the maximum diameter (diameter) of the electrode body. , 0.2 times or more and 0.3 times or less is more preferable.
- the width W can be, for example, 0.8 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less.
- the width W in the radial direction of the flange portion may be 0.1 times or more and 0.7 times or less with respect to the maximum diameter (diameter) of the electrode body.
- the width W is preferably 0.2 times or more and 0.6 times or less with respect to the maximum diameter (diameter) of the electrode body. , 0.3 times or more and 0.5 times or less is more preferable.
- the width W can be, for example, 1.6 mm or more and 11.2 mm or less.
- the outer diameter D (diameter) of the flange portion differs depending on the presence or absence of the insulating plate as in the width W, and when the insulating plate is provided, for example, 0.5 times or more the maximum diameter (diameter) of the electrode body. It can be 1.1 times or less. When the insulating plate is not provided, it can be 0.7 times or more and 1.5 times or less.
- the flange portion may be provided with a through hole.
- the through hole has an effect of suppressing the occurrence of warpage due to aged deterioration of the insulating member.
- the insulating member may expand or contract due to deterioration over time, causing warpage.
- the flange portion of the insulating member is warped, the flange portion becomes uneven and the contact area with the electrode body (or the insulating plate) decreases.
- the effect of fixing the electrode body against a drop impact or the like may be reduced.
- the through hole by providing the through hole, the occurrence of warpage can be suppressed by expanding or contracting the through hole. Therefore, the effect of fixing the electrode body can be maintained high even in long-term use, the impact resistance can be improved, and the reliability is improved.
- the shape of the opening of the through hole provided in the flange portion is preferably a circle.
- the diameter of the through hole may be, for example, 0.6 mm or more and 3 mm ⁇ m or less when the maximum diameter of the electrode body is 16 mm.
- the diameter of the through hole can be, for example, 0.3 times or more and 0.7 times or less the width W of the second portion.
- One through hole may be provided, or a plurality of through holes may be provided along the circumferential direction of the flange portion.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of an example of a sealed battery.
- the battery 10 includes a bottomed cylindrical battery can 100, a cylindrical electrode body 200 housed in the battery can 100, and a sealing plate 300 that closes the opening of the battery can 100.
- the sealing plate 300 is fixed in the vicinity of the opening of the battery can 100 by, for example, laser welding.
- the sealing plate 300 may be crimped in the vicinity of the opening of the battery can 100.
- the material of the battery can 100 and the sealing plate 300 is not particularly limited, and iron and / or iron alloys (including stainless steel), aluminum, aluminum alloys (alloys containing trace amounts of other metals such as manganese and copper), and the like. Etc. can be exemplified.
- the sealing plate 300 is fixed in the vicinity of the opening of the battery can 100 and closes the opening.
- the sealing plate 300 is a donut shape having a first main surface 300X facing the outside of the battery can and a second main surface 300Y opposite to the first main surface 300X, and having a through hole in the center.
- An external terminal 330 (rivet) whose tip portion is crushed is fixed to a through hole in the center of the sealing plate 300 via an insulating gasket 310 (insulating member) and a washer 320.
- the end of the internal lead 210 led out from the positive electrode or the negative electrode constituting the electrode body is connected to the external terminal 330.
- a member composed of a sealing plate 300, a gasket 310, a washer 320, and an external terminal 330 may be referred to as a sealing body.
- the shapes of the sealing plate 300 and the sealing body are not limited to this.
- the bottom of the sealing plate 300 or the battery can 100 is provided with a thin-walled portion between the outer peripheral portion and the inner peripheral portion.
- the pressure is applied in the direction in which the sealing plate 300 or the battery can 100 rises outward.
- tensile stress is concentrated on the thin-walled portion.
- the explosion-proof function is activated and the internal pressure is released.
- the gasket 310 is made of, for example, a resin material, and is formed by insert molding or injection molding together with the sealing plate 300.
- the gasket 310 has a sealing portion 310A that seals between the sealing plate 300 and the external terminal 330, and a plate-shaped portion that extends radially closer to the electrode body 200 than the sealing portion 310A.
- the plate-shaped portion has an inclined portion 310B extending from the sealing portion 310A so as to approach the electrode body 200 toward the outer side in the radial direction, and bending from the inclined portion 310B and extending outward in the radial direction along the end surface of the electrode body 200. It has a flange portion 310C and an existing flange portion 310C.
- the inclined portion 310B has an effect of limiting the movement of the electrode body in the Z direction. As a result, the impact resistance is enhanced, and even when a drop impact or the like is received, an increase in internal resistance due to winding deviation of the electrode body can be suppressed. Therefore, a highly reliable battery can be realized.
- the flange portion 310C is in direct contact with the electrode body 200.
- the surface of the flange portion 310C facing at least the electrode body is a flat surface, extends outward along the outer surface (end surface) of the electrode body 200 in the radial direction, and comes into contact with the outer surface of the electrode body on the surface.
- the flange portion 310C presses the electrode body 200.
- the flange portion 310C may be in contact with an insulating plate (upper insulating plate) provided on the electrode body 200.
- the flange portion 310C may press the electrode body 200 via the upper insulating plate.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a main part of the battery 11 provided with the upper insulating plate 230A.
- FIG. 2A is a top view of the sealed body of the battery 11 as viewed from the side of the electrode body 200
- FIG. 2B is an enlarged sectional schematic view of the vicinity of the sealed body.
- the gasket 310 extends from the sealing portion 310A toward the electrode body 200 while inclining toward the outer side in the radial direction toward the electrode body 200.
- the portion extending while being inclined constitutes the inclined portion 310B.
- the gasket 310 is further bent from the inclined portion 310B and extends radially outward along the surface of the upper insulating plate 230A on the gasket side.
- a portion extending radially outward along the outer surface (end face) of the electrode body constitutes the flange portion 310C.
- the inclined portion 310B and the flange portion 310C are cut out at a part of the peripheral edge thereof, and the defective portion 310D is formed.
- the internal lead 210 is folded and housed between the electrode body 200 and the external terminal 330 while extending the gap between the inclined portion 310B and the flange portion 310C formed by the defective portion 310D.
- the extension of the internal lead 210 to the defective portion 310D limits the movement of the internal lead 210 in the XY direction. As a result, the impact resistance is enhanced, and an increase in internal resistance due to disconnection of the internal lead can be suppressed. Therefore, a highly reliable battery can be realized.
- the long internal lead 210 can be stored.
- the longer the lead wire the more the force applied to the connection portion between the external terminal 330 and the internal lead 210 with respect to the movement of the electrode body 200 when a drop impact or the like is applied, and the impact resistance can be improved. ..
- a plurality of defective portions 310D may be provided along the circumferential direction.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a battery 12 having two defective portions 310D.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of a battery 13 having three defective portions 310D.
- (A) is a top view of the battery sealing body as viewed from the side of the electrode body 200, and (B) is an enlarged sectional schematic view of the vicinity of the sealing body. ..
- the two defective portions 310D are provided at positions facing each other (at positions where the angles in the circumferential direction are 0 ° and 180 °).
- the internal lead 210 extends from the connection portion with the electrode body 200 to one defective portion, and is further bent so as to extend to the other defective portion, and is bent between the electrode body 200 and the external terminal 330. It is stored in. As a result, the movement of the internal lead 210 in the XY direction can be further suppressed, and the impact resistance can be further improved.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 show the main parts of the battery provided with the upper insulating plate 230A
- FIGS. 2 to 4 also show the battery 10 shown in FIG. 1 not provided with the upper insulating plate 230A.
- the same configuration of the defective portion 310D as in the above can be adopted.
- the material of the gasket 310 is not limited, but for example, polypropylene (PP), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethylene (PE), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA), etc.
- PP polypropylene
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- PE polyethylene
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- PFA perfluoroalkoxy alkane
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PA polyamide
- the configuration of the electrode body 200 will be exemplarily described by taking a lithium primary battery as an example.
- the cylindrical electrode body 200 is a winding type, and is configured by winding the positive electrode 201 and the negative electrode 202 in a spiral shape via the separator 203.
- An internal lead 210 is connected to one of the positive electrode 201 and the negative electrode 202 (positive electrode 201 in the illustrated example).
- the internal lead 210 is connected to the external terminal 330 by welding or the like.
- Another internal lead 220 is connected to the other of the positive electrode 201 and the negative electrode 202 (negative electrode 202 in the illustrated example).
- the internal lead 220 is connected to the inner surface of the battery can 100 by welding or the like.
- the electrode body 200 is housed inside the battery can 100 together with the electrolyte (not shown).
- an upper insulating plate and a lower insulating plate are arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the electrode body 200, respectively.
- the upper insulating plate can be replaced by the flange portion 310C of the gasket.
- the lower insulating plate 230B may be arranged to form a battery, or as shown in FIG. 2, for example, the upper insulating plate 230A and the lower insulating plate 230B may be arranged to form a battery. You may.
- the positive electrode contains a positive electrode active material, and manganese dioxide can be used as the positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode includes, for example, a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode mixture layer attached to the positive electrode current collector.
- the positive electrode mixture layer may contain a resin material such as a fluororesin as a binder in addition to the positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode mixture layer may contain a conductive material such as a carbon material as a conductive agent.
- the positive electrode current collector is, for example, an expanded metal made of stainless steel, a net, a punching metal, or the like.
- the negative electrode contains a negative electrode active material, and metallic lithium or a lithium alloy can be used as the negative electrode active material.
- the metallic lithium or lithium alloy is, for example, extruded into a long sheet and used as a negative electrode.
- the lithium alloy alloys such as Li—Al, Li—Sn, Li—Ni—Si, and Li—Pb are used, but a Li—Al alloy is preferable.
- the content of metal elements other than lithium contained in the lithium alloy is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less from the viewpoint of ensuring the discharge capacity and stabilizing the internal resistance.
- separator As the separator, a resin-made microporous membrane or a non-woven fabric is preferably used.
- the material (resin) of the separator polyolefin, polyamide, polyamideimide and the like are preferable.
- a non-aqueous solvent in which a lithium salt is dissolved may be used as the electrolyte.
- the non-aqueous solvent is not particularly limited, but propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, ⁇ -butyrolactone and the like can be used.
- As the lithium salt lithium borofluoride, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide, lithium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide and the like can be used.
- Example 1 (1) Preparation of a sealing body A through hole having a diameter of about 3 mm was formed in the center of a sealing plate having a diameter of 17 mm. A rivet to be an external terminal was fixed to this through hole via an insulating gasket and a washer to obtain a sealing body.
- the gasket was manufactured to have an inclined portion 310B and a flange portion 310C extending from a sealing portion that seals between the external terminal and the sealing plate.
- the angle ⁇ between the direction in which the inclined portion extends and the normal direction of the sealing plate was set to 30 °.
- the length of the inclined portion extending was the length at which the flange portion came into contact with the electrode body when the sealing body was overlapped with the opening of the battery can.
- the width W of the flange portion in the radial direction was set to 3 mm, and the outer diameter D (diameter) of the flange portion was set to 14 mm.
- a notch (defective portion) was formed in one place along the circumferential direction in the inclined portion and the flange portion.
- a wet positive electrode mixture was applied to a positive electrode current collector made of expanded metal made of stainless steel to prepare a positive electrode precursor. Then, the positive electrode precursor was dried, rolled by a roll press, and cut to a predetermined size to obtain a strip-shaped positive electrode.
- Electrode body The positive electrode mixture was peeled off from a part of the positive electrode to expose the positive electrode current collector, and a stainless steel positive electrode tab lead was welded to the exposed portion. A nickel negative electrode tab lead was welded to a predetermined position on the negative electrode. The positive electrode and the negative electrode were spirally wound with a separator interposed therebetween to form a columnar electrode body (diameter 16 mm). A polyethylene microporous membrane was used as the separator.
- the electrode body was inserted into a bottomed cylindrical (SUS316L) battery can with a ring-shaped lower insulating plate arranged at the bottom thereof.
- the negative electrode tab lead was welded to the inner bottom surface of the battery can, and the positive electrode tab lead was welded to the external terminal fixed to the sealing plate.
- the electrolyte was poured into the inside of the battery can, and the sealing body was superposed on the opening of the battery can so that the positive electrode tab lead was folded with a part of the positive electrode tab lead placed in the defective portion of the gasket.
- a sealing plate was laser-welded near the opening of the battery can.
- a drop test was performed on the battery after 1000 cycles in the same manner as the battery immediately after production, the internal resistance was measured before and after the drop test, and the increase rate X2 of the internal resistance by the drop test was obtained. However, in the drop test, the height at which the battery was dropped was changed from 1 m to 1.5 m.
- Example 2 In the production of the sealing body, a gasket having two notches formed in the inclined portion and the flange portion was used. Other than that, 20 sealed cylindrical lithium batteries having the structure shown in FIG. 3 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 3 In the production of the sealing body, a gasket having three notches formed in the inclined portion and the flange portion was used. Other than that, 20 sealed cylindrical lithium batteries having the structure shown in FIG. 4 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 4 In the production of the sealing body, a gasket having two notches formed in the inclined portion and the flange portion was used.
- Tables 1 and 2 show the evaluation results of the increase rate of the internal resistance in the drop test for the batteries of Examples 1 to 4 and the battery of Comparative Example 1.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results when a drop test was performed on the initial battery immediately after production.
- Table 2 shows the evaluation results when a drop test was performed on the battery after applying a thermal shock of 1000 cycles.
- the internal resistance increase rate X1 was 10% or more for all 10 batteries, of which 5 batteries were used.
- the internal resistance increase rate X1 was 20% or more.
- the internal resistance increase rate X1 was less than 10% for all of the 10 batteries, and the increase in internal resistance could be suppressed even when a drop impact was applied.
- the reasons for the increase in internal resistance due to the drop impact are that the impact in the axial direction (Z direction) of the battery causes winding deviation of the electrode body, reducing the facing area between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the battery.
- the internal leads When an impact is applied in the radial direction (XY direction), the internal leads are laterally displaced, the welding area with the internal leads is reduced, or the connection is broken.
- the winding deviation of the electrode body of the former can be suppressed, but the lateral deviation of the internal lead of the latter cannot be suppressed, so that the internal resistance increase rate X1 is significantly larger than that of Examples 1 to 4. It is thought that it was.
- the internal resistance increase rate X2 was 10% in one of the ten batteries. It was more than 20%. It is considered that the reason for this is that the resin of the gasket deteriorates due to the thermal shock, the flange portion of the gasket is warped, and the effect of fixing in the XY direction and the Z direction is reduced.
- Example 4 by providing a through hole in the flange portion of the gasket, the internal resistance increase rate X2 is suppressed to less than 10% in all 10 batteries even after a thermal shock is applied. I was able to.
- the sealed battery according to the present invention has excellent impact resistance and is therefore suitable as a power source for various electronic devices.
- Battery 100 Battery can 200: Electrode body 201: Positive electrode 202: Negative electrode 203: Separator 210, 220: Internal lead 230A: Upper insulating plate 230B: Lower insulating plate 300: Seal plate 300X: First main surface 300Y: Second main surface 310: Gasket 310A: Sealing portion 310B: Inclined portion 310C: Flange portion 310D: Missing portion 320: Washer 330: External terminal
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
正極は正極活物質を含み、正極活物質として二酸化マンガンを用いることができる。正極は、例えば、正極集電体と、正極集電体に付着している正極合剤層とを具備する。正極合剤層は、正極活物質の他に、フッ素樹脂などの樹脂材料を結着剤として含み得る。正極合剤層は、炭素材料などの導電性材料を導電剤として含んでもよい。正極集電体は、例えばステンレス鋼製のエキスパンドメタル、ネット、パンチングメタルなどである。
負極は負極活物質を含み、負極活物質として金属リチウムまたはリチウム合金を用いることができる。金属リチウムまたはリチウム合金は、例えば、長尺のシート状に押し出し成形され、負極として用いられる。リチウム合金としては、Li-Al、Li-Sn、Li-Ni-Si、Li-Pbなどの合金が用いられるが、Li-Al合金が好ましい。リチウム合金に含まれるリチウム以外の金属元素の含有量は、放電容量の確保や内部抵抗の安定化の観点から、0.1質量%以上5質量%以下とすることが好ましい。
セパレータとしては、樹脂製の微多孔膜や不織布が好ましく用いられる。セパレータの材料(樹脂)としては、ポリオレフィン、ポリアミド、ポリアミドイミドなどが好ましい。
電解質にはリチウム塩を溶解させた非水溶媒を用い得る。非水溶媒は、特に限定されるものではないが、プロピレンカーボネート、エチレンカーボネート、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、γ-ブチロラクトンなどを使用することができる。リチウム塩としては、ホウフッ化リチウム、六フッ化リン酸リチウム、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸リチウム、リチウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)イミド、リチウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミドなどを用いることができる。
(1)封口体の作製
直径17mmの封口板の中央に、直径約3mmの貫通孔を形成した。この貫通孔に、絶縁性のガスケットおよびワッシャーを介して外部端子となるリベットを固定し、封口体を得た。ガスケットは、外部端子と封口板の間を封止する封止部から延在する傾斜部310Bおよびフランジ部310Cを有するものを作製した。傾斜部が延在する方向と封口板の法線方向とがなす角θは30°とした。傾斜部が延在する長さは、封口体を電池缶の開口に重ね合わせたときに、フランジ部が電極体に接触する長さとした。フランジ部の径方向における幅Wは、3mmとし、フランジ部の外径D(直径)は14mmとした。傾斜部およびフランジ部には、周方向に沿って切り欠き(欠損部分)を1箇所に形成した。
正極活物質である電解二酸化マンガン92質量部に、導電剤であるケッチェンブラック3.5質量部と、結着剤であるポリテトラフルオロエチレン4.5質量部と、適量の純水と、を加えて混錬し、湿潤状態の正極合剤を調製した。
シート状のLi-Al合金(Al含有量:0.3質量%)を、所定寸法に裁断し、帯状の負極を得た。
正極の一部から正極合剤を剥がして正極集電体を露出させ、その露出部にステンレス鋼製の正極タブリードを溶接した。負極の所定箇所にニッケル製の負極タブリードを溶接した。正極と負極とを、これらの間にセパレータを介在させて、渦巻状に捲回し、柱状の電極体(直径16mm)を構成した。セパレータには、ポリエチレン製の微多孔膜を用いた。
プロピレンカーボネート(PC)と、エチレンカーボネート(EC)と、1,2-ジメトキシエタン(DME)とを、体積比2:1:2で混合した非水溶媒に、リチウム塩としてトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸リチウムを0.5モル/リットルの濃度で溶解させ、電解質を調製した。
電極体を、その底部にリング状の下部絶縁板を配置した状態で、有底円筒形(SUS316L製)の電池缶の内部に挿入した。負極タブリードを電池缶の内底面に溶接し、正極タブリードを封口板に固定された外部端子に溶接した。次に、電解質を電池缶の内部に注液し、正極タブリードの一部がガスケットの欠損部分に配置された状態で正極タブリードが折り畳まれるように、電池缶の開口に封口体を重ね合わせた。その後、電池缶の開口近傍に封口板をレーザ溶接した。
20個のリチウム電池のうち10個については、作製直後の電池に対し、IEC 60086-4およびJIS C 60068-2-31に基づき落下試験を行った。落下試験の前後で、内部抵抗を測定し、落下試験による内部抵抗の上昇率X1を求めた。
(内部抵抗の上昇率X1)=(落下試験後の内部抵抗)/(落下試験前の内部抵抗)-1
また、20個のリチウム電池のうち残りの10個については、経時劣化を想定し、電池を-40℃の環境に20分間置き、その後、85℃の環境に20分間置いた。これを1サイクルとして、-40℃/85℃のサイクルを1000サイクル繰り返した。
封口体の作製において、傾斜部およびフランジ部に切り欠きを2箇所形成したガスケットを用いた。他は実施例1と同様にして、図3に示す構造を有する密閉型の円筒形リチウム電池を20個作製し、実施例1と同様に評価した。
封口体の作製において、傾斜部およびフランジ部に切り欠きを3箇所形成したガスケットを用いた。他は実施例1と同様にして、図4に示す構造を有する密閉型の円筒形リチウム電池を20個作製し、実施例1と同様に評価した。
封口体の作製において、傾斜部およびフランジ部に切り欠きを2箇所形成したガスケットを用いた。
封口体の作製において、外部端子と封口板の間を封止する封止部から延在する板状部が設けられたガスケットを用いた。ただし、板状部は、封口板の法線方向に平行に延びて(θ=0°)、径方向の外側に延びるフランジ部を設けなかった。板状部が延びる長さは、封口体を電池缶の開口に重ね合わせたときに、板状部の先端が電極体に接触する高さとした。板状部には、切り欠きを形成しなかった。
100:電池缶
200:電極体
201:正極
202:負極
203:セパレータ
210、220:内部リード
230A:上部絶縁板
230B:下部絶縁板
300:封口板
300X:第1主面
300Y:第2主面
310:ガスケット
310A:封止部
310B:傾斜部
310C:フランジ部
310D:欠損部分
320:ワッシャー
330:外部端子
Claims (4)
- 開口を有する有底円筒形の電池缶と、
前記電池缶に収容される電極体と、
前記電池缶の前記開口を塞ぐ封口板と、
前記封口板に配設された端子を兼ねるリベットと、
前記封口板と前記リベットとを絶縁する絶縁部材と、
前記リベットと電気的に接続される内部リードと、
を具備し、
前記絶縁部材は、前記封口板と前記リベットとの間を封止する封止部と、前記封止部よりも前記電極体の近くで前記電極体の径方向に延在する板状部と、を有し、
前記板状部の周縁が、前記径方向に凹む欠損部分を有し、
前記欠損部分に前記内部リードの一部が配置されている、密閉型電池。 - 前記板状部は、前記径方向の外側ほど前記電極体に近づく傾斜部を有する、請求項1に記載の密閉型電池。
- 前記板状部は、前記傾斜部から屈曲して前記径方向の外側に向かって延在するフランジ部をさらに有する、請求項2に記載の密閉型電池。
- 前記フランジ部に、貫通孔が設けられている、請求項3に記載の密閉型電池。
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202180033609.7A CN115516706B (zh) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-04-20 | 密闭型电池 |
| US17/924,002 US12431566B2 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-04-20 | Hermetically sealed battery |
| JP2022521790A JP7398719B2 (ja) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-04-20 | 密閉型電池 |
| EP21802912.2A EP4152494B1 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-04-20 | Hermetically sealed battery |
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| JP2020-086230 | 2020-05-15 | ||
| JP2020086230 | 2020-05-15 |
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| US (1) | US12431566B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP4152494B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7398719B2 (ja) |
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| EP4152494A1 (en) | 2023-03-22 |
| JPWO2021230014A1 (ja) | 2021-11-18 |
| CN115516706A (zh) | 2022-12-23 |
| EP4152494B1 (en) | 2024-09-18 |
| EP4152494A4 (en) | 2024-01-03 |
| JP7398719B2 (ja) | 2023-12-15 |
| US12431566B2 (en) | 2025-09-30 |
| US20230178831A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 |
| CN115516706B (zh) | 2024-07-26 |
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