WO2021205713A1 - 回転電機 - Google Patents
回転電機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021205713A1 WO2021205713A1 PCT/JP2021/002729 JP2021002729W WO2021205713A1 WO 2021205713 A1 WO2021205713 A1 WO 2021205713A1 JP 2021002729 W JP2021002729 W JP 2021002729W WO 2021205713 A1 WO2021205713 A1 WO 2021205713A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- distance
- permanent magnet
- magnet
- peripheral side
- hole
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
Definitions
- This application relates to a rotary electric machine.
- the rotor structure of a permanent magnet synchronous rotary electric machine is such that a magnet is deeply embedded in the rotor iron core to obtain high torque.
- the iron core portion and the inner side on the outer peripheral side of the magnet are held.
- This bridge-like structure is usually composed of an iron core integrally formed with an iron core on the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side of the magnet, but becomes a leakage magnetic path that short-circuits the magnetic flux of the magnet in the rotor.
- the present application discloses a technique for solving the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present application is to provide a rotary electric machine capable of preventing destruction due to centrifugal force and reducing leakage flux.
- the rotary electric machine disclosed in the present application has a rotor arranged on the inner peripheral side of the stator, and the rotor has a rotor core fixed to a shaft and a radial outer side of the rotor core. It is composed of a pair of magnet slots arranged in a V shape so as to move away from each other, a permanent magnet inserted into each of the magnet slots, and a hole provided on the radial outer side of each of the magnet slots.
- the distance between the permanent magnet and the hole is configured to increase as it goes outward in the radial direction, and the distance from the outer periphery of the rotor core to the hole is the distance between each of the magnet slots and the rotor. It is configured to be greater than or equal to the distance from the outer circumference of the core.
- FIG. It is a partial cross-sectional plan view which shows the rotor in Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a partial cross-sectional plan view which shows the rotor in Embodiment 2.
- It is a partial cross-sectional plan view which shows the rotor in Embodiment 2.
- Embodiment 1 relates to a rotor structure of an embedded magnet type permanent magnet synchronous rotary electric machine.
- the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side shall mean the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the rotor.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a motor, which is a rotary electric machine, along a rotation axis.
- FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing the rotor according to the first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis.
- the rotor is configured in a state in which a large number of structures similar to those of the partial rotor shown in FIG. 2 are arranged in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG.
- the motor 1 is composed of a stator 20 and a rotor 30 housed in a frame 10.
- both ends of the shaft 5 in the axial direction are rotatably held by the load side bearing 6 and the unload side bearing 7.
- the stator 20 is composed of a stator core 21 having a teeth portion that is radially projected from the annular yoke portion toward the rotor 30, and a coil 22 wound around the teeth portion.
- the rotor 30 has a rotor core 31 fixed to the shaft 5 by press fitting or the like, and a pair of magnet slots 35 that are V-shaped and arranged in a band shape on the rotor core 31.
- the pair of magnet slots 35 are arranged so as to be separated from each other toward the outer side in the radial direction, and are arranged at intervals (Dbi described later) on the inner side in the radial direction.
- the rotor 30 is composed of a permanent magnet 32 inserted into the magnet slot 35 and a hole 33 provided on the radial outer side of the pair of magnet slots 35.
- the rotor core 31 is formed by laminating thin steel plates in the axial direction.
- the gap 35A of the magnet slot 35 is provided so as not to be affected by the harmonic flux flowing in and out from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 31. Further, the flux barrier portion 35B in the magnet slot 35 is provided to prevent the generation of leakage flux.
- the pair of magnet slots 35 which are V-shaped and arranged in a strip shape, are divided into two in the rotor core 31, and the portion A of the rotor core 31 that divides the pair of magnet slots 35 is centered. Called the bridge section.
- the portion B between the magnet slot 35 and the outermost peripheral portion of the rotor 30 is referred to as an outer peripheral bridge portion.
- the width of the minimum portion of the central bridge portion A in the rotor core 31 that divides the magnet slot 35 is Dbi.
- the residual magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 32 (magnetic flux density of the magnetism by the permanent magnet) is Br
- the magnetic flux saturation density of the rotor core 31 (iron)
- the axial length of the rotor 30 is L.
- the maximum magnetic flux that can pass through the central bridge portion A is obtained from the following equation (1). 2 (T) x Dbi x L ... (1)
- the magnetic flux (leakage magnetic flux) lost from the permanent magnet 32 through the central bridge portion A can be obtained from the following equation (2).
- the distance between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 is set to the minimum distance x at the point X, gradually increases toward the outer peripheral side in the radial direction, and starts from the point X along the side toward the outer side in the radial direction of the permanent magnet 32.
- the distance from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole portion 33 is equal to the distance between the magnet slot 35 divided into two and the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 (distance in the outer peripheral bridge portion B). That is, in the outer peripheral bridge portion B, the distance between the magnet slot 35 and the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 is secured so that the rotor core 31 is not destroyed, so that the distance from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole portion 33 is set. It is sufficient to design the magnet slot 35 to be equal to the distance between the outer circumference of the rotor core 31.
- the distance between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 is minimized at point X along the side of the permanent magnet 32 from the corner 35D closest to the central bridge portion A toward the outside in the radial direction of the permanent magnet 32.
- the weight of the permanent magnet 32 on the outer peripheral side of the rotor core 31 can be reduced, so that the centrifugal force can be reduced. Further, since the strength can be sufficiently maintained, the widths of the central bridge portion A and the outer peripheral bridge portion B can be reduced, and therefore the leakage flux can be reduced.
- the distance between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 is the minimum, and the distance is Dbi / 2. Is. Therefore, the stress due to the centrifugal force generated in the rotor core 31 between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 is equivalent to the stress due to the centrifugal force generated in the central bridge portion A, and the stress causes the rotor core 31 to break. Can be prevented.
- the distance from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole 33 is equal to the distance between the magnet slot 35 divided into two and the outer circumference of the rotor core 31.
- the stress due to the centrifugal force generated on the outer peripheral side of the hole 33 in the rotor core 31 is equivalent to the stress due to the centrifugal force generated in the outer peripheral bridge portion B in the rotor core 31, and the rotor in the outer peripheral bridge portion B. Since the distance between the magnet slot 35 and the outermost circumference of the rotor core 31 is secured so that the core 31 is not destroyed, it is possible to prevent the rotor core 31 from being destroyed by centrifugal force.
- the distance from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole 33 is configured to be equal to or greater than the distance between the magnet slot 35 divided into two in order to increase the strength and the outer circumference of the rotor core 31. You can also do it.
- the distance between the magnet slot 35 and the hole 33 is from the corner 35D closest to the central bridge A of the permanent magnet 32 to the permanent magnet 32. It is assumed that the X point along the side toward the outer side in the radial direction is the minimum, and the distance is Dbi / 2. The distance between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 is minimized at the point X, gradually increases toward the outer peripheral side in the radial direction, and starts from the point X along the side toward the outer side in the radial direction of the permanent magnet 32.
- d Br ⁇ m / 2
- d Br ⁇ m / BS
- the distance between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 at point X is Dbi / 2 or more, the same effect can be obtained. Therefore, d ⁇ Dbi / 2.
- the distance d between the hole 33 and the permanent magnet 32 at a point distance m from the point X along the radial outer side of the permanent magnet 32 is the same as long as the distance d is Br ⁇ m / BS or more. It works.
- FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing the rotor according to the second embodiment.
- a high torque can be obtained by preventing the magnetic flux for generating the reluctance torque entering the rotor core 31 from being obstructed by the hole 33. It is something like that.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the principle of a general reluctance motor, and the stator and rotor are drawn in a straight line for the sake of simplicity, but they are actually formed in a circular shape. In FIG.
- the shortest distance E between the outer periphery of the rotor core 31 and the hole 33, and the shortest distance between the line connecting the corners 35D near the central bridge A of the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 is half of the distance G between the corners 35H located on the outermost periphery of the permanent magnet 32, but the larger the (E + F), the more magnetic flux. Since it is easy to pass through, the same effect can be obtained if it is designed to be more than half of the distance G.
- FIG. 6 is the same view as that of FIG. 3, and is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing the rotor in the second embodiment.
- the permanent magnet 32 is inserted into each of the magnet slots 35 divided into two. Assuming that the residual magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet 32 is Br, the distance between the magnet slot 35 and the hole 33 is along the radial outer side of the permanent magnet 32 from the corner 35D closest to the central bridge A of the permanent magnet 32. Therefore, the distance is the smallest at the point of the distance m1 radially outward from the X1 point of Dbi / Br, and the distance between the magnet slot 35 and the hole 33 there is larger than Dbi / 2 as in the first embodiment. , Br ⁇ m1 / 2.
- the distance between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 is minimized at the point of the distance m1, and gradually increases as it goes outward in the radial direction, and gradually increases as it goes inward in the radial direction.
- the distance d1 between the hole 33 and the permanent magnet 32 at a point distance m1 from the X1 point along the radial outer side of the permanent magnet 32 is larger than the larger Br ⁇ m / 2 and Dbi / 2.
- Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. Even in such a configuration, the leakage flux can be reduced as in the first embodiment, and the rotor core 31 can be prevented from being destroyed by the centrifugal force.
- FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing the rotor according to the third embodiment.
- the magnetic flux for generating the reluctance torque entering the rotor core 31 is prevented from being obstructed by the hole 33. It is designed so that high torque can be obtained.
- the distance J from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole portion 33 is configured to be half of the distance I between the corner portions 35H located on the outermost circumference of the permanent magnet 32. ..
- Other configurations are the same as those in the second embodiment.
- the distance J from the outer periphery of the rotor core 31 to the hole 33 is one half of the distance I between the corners 35H located on the outermost periphery of the permanent magnet 32, V is the same as in the second embodiment. Since the magnetic flux for generating the relaxation torque entering the rotor core 31 on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnets 32 arranged in a shape and a band shape is not obstructed by the hole 33, a high torque can be obtained.
- the distance J from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole 33 is half of the distance I between the corners 35H located on the outermost circumference of the permanent magnet 32. The larger the distance J, the more magnetic flux can pass through, so if it is more than half, the same effect can be obtained.
- FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing the rotor according to the fourth embodiment.
- a slit portion 50 penetrating outward in the radial direction is provided between the circumferential center of the hole portion 33 and the outer periphery of the rotor core 31.
- the width of the slit portion 50 is configured to be smaller than the distance between the hole portion 33 and the outer circumference of the rotor core 31.
- Other configurations are the same as those in the third embodiment. Even in such a configuration, as in the third embodiment, a high torque can be obtained by preventing the magnetic flux for generating the reluctance torque entering the rotor core 31 from being obstructed by the hole 33.
- the slit portion 50 cuts the hoop stress (tensile stress acting in the tangential direction of the circumference) due to the centrifugal force generated near the outer periphery of the rotor core 31, the centrifugal force generated in the outer peripheral bridge portion B is reduced. Therefore, the width of the outer peripheral bridge portion B can be reduced, and therefore the leakage magnetic force can be reduced. Further, since the slit portion 50 is located at the central portion of the pair of permanent magnets 32, the stress bias due to the centrifugal force does not occur, and the leakage flux can be reduced in a well-balanced manner.
- FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing the rotor according to the fifth embodiment.
- the rotor core 31 fixed to the shaft 5 by press fitting or the like, and the three magnet slots 35 arranged in a bathtub shape and strip shape on the rotor core 31. It is composed of a permanent magnet 32 inserted into the magnet slot 35 and a hole 33 provided on the radial outer side of the magnet slot 35.
- the magnet slot 35 is divided into three in the rotor core 31, and the two rotor core 31 portions that divide the magnet slot 35 are referred to as a central bridge portion A1.
- the width of the minimum portion of the two central bridge portions A1 of the rotor core 31 that divides the magnet slot 35 is Dbi. In the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, there are two minimum width Dbi portions.
- the permanent magnet 32 is inserted into each of the magnet slots 35 divided into three parts.
- the distance between the magnet slots 35 on both sides arranged in a V shape and the holes 33 is the central bridge of the permanent magnets 32 on both sides.
- the distance becomes the minimum at the X point of Dbi / Br, and the distance becomes Dbi.
- the distance between the permanent magnets 32 and the holes 33 on both sides gradually increases toward the outer side in the radial direction, with the distance at the point X as the minimum, and the outer side in the radial direction of the permanent magnet 32.
- the distance from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole portion 33 is halved of the distance between the corner portions 35H located on the outermost circumferences of the permanent magnets 32 on both sides. It is configured. Further, a central magnet slot 35N is provided between the magnet slots 35 on both sides arranged in a V shape on the inner peripheral side of the hole 33, and a central permanent magnet 32A is inserted into the central magnet slot 35N. There is. The distance between the central magnet slot 35N into which the central permanent magnet 32A is inserted and the hole 33 is the smallest in the central portion of the central permanent magnet 32A, and the distance is Dbi.
- the shortest distance K from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole 33 is equal to the distance between the outermost corners of the permanent magnets 32 on both sides and the outer circumference of the rotor core 31, and the shortest distance is the hole. It is a position separated from the center of 33 in the circumferential direction, and the distance from the outer periphery of the rotor core 31 to the hole 33 gradually increases toward the center. This makes it possible to increase the reluctance torque.
- centrifugal force can be reduced by reducing the core weight on the outer peripheral side of the permanent magnet 32 in the rotor core 31. Further, since the widths of the central bridge portion A1 and the outer peripheral bridge portion can be reduced, the leakage flux can be reduced.
- the distance between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 is the smallest at point X along the radially outward side of the permanent magnet 32 from the corner 35D closest to the central bridge portion A1 of the permanent magnet 32, and the distance is Dbi. Is. Therefore, the stress due to the centrifugal force generated in the rotor core 31 between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 is equivalent to the stress due to the centrifugal force generated in the central bridge portion A1, and the rotor core 31 is destroyed by the centrifugal force. Can be prevented.
- the shortest distance K from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole 33 is equal to the distance between the outermost outer corners 35H of the permanent magnets 32 on both sides and the outer circumference of the rotor core 31, and the position where the shortest distance is reached is the hole. It is located at a position separated from the center of the portion 33 in the circumferential direction, and the distance from the outer periphery of the rotor core 31 to the hole portion 33 gradually increases toward the center.
- the stress due to the centrifugal force generated on the outer peripheral side of the hole 33 of the rotor core 31 is equivalent to the stress generated on the outer peripheral bridge portion of the rotor core 31, and the destruction of the rotor core 31 due to the centrifugal force is prevented. Can be done. Further, since the outermost outer peripheral position 33D of the hole 33 is on the inner peripheral side of the outermost outer peripheral corner portion 35H of the permanent magnet 32, the opening width on the outer peripheral side of the magnetic path between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 is increased. It is possible to introduce a large amount of magnetic flux for generating reluctance torque, and it is possible to increase the torque.
- the shortest distance K of the hole 33 from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 exists at a position separated from the center of the hole 33 in the circumferential direction, and the distance from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole 33 is toward the center. Gradually grows. Therefore, in the rotor core 31 between the outer periphery of the rotor core 31 and the hole 33, a large amount of magnetic flux for generating the reluctance torque can be introduced, the reluctance torque can be increased, and a high torque can be obtained. ..
- the same effect is obtained as long as the distance between the permanent magnet 32 and the hole 33 at the point X is Dbi or more, as in the first embodiment. Further, the distance d between the hole 33 and the permanent magnet 32 at a point distance m from the point X along the radial outer side of the permanent magnet 32 is Br ⁇ m / 2 (Br ⁇ m / BS) or more. If so, the same effect can be achieved. Further, the slit portion 50 shown in the fourth embodiment may be provided in the configuration shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing the rotor according to the sixth embodiment.
- the rotor 30 has a rotor core 31 fixed to the shaft 5 by press fitting or the like.
- the rotor core 31 has an outer peripheral side magnet slot and an inner peripheral side magnet slot arranged in a V shape and a band shape so as to form two layers on the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side. That is, the rotor core 31 has an inner peripheral side magnet slot 35a (first inner peripheral side magnet slot) and an inner peripheral side permanent magnet 32a (first inner peripheral side permanent magnet) inserted into the inner peripheral side magnet slot 35a.
- the rotor core 31 is provided with a hole 33 provided on the outer side in the radial direction of the outer peripheral magnet slot 35b which is V-shaped and arranged in a band shape.
- the reluctance torque is generated by the salient poles of the d-axis inductance and the q-axis inductance, the reluctance torque increases as the q-axis inductance increases. Therefore, it becomes easy to increase the torque by increasing the number of layers.
- the magnets are multi-layered, the amount of iron cores in the rotor through which the magnetic flux passes is reduced, so that magnetic saturation is likely to occur.
- the number of iron cores (the portion surrounded by the dotted line Z in FIG. 10) existing between the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b shown in FIG. 10 and the outer circumference of the rotor 30 is reduced, the magnetic saturation is higher than before the two layers are formed. It becomes easier to do.
- the weight of the above-mentioned portion can be reduced without magnetic saturation, so that the width of the bridge portion can be reduced and the leakage flux can be reduced. Since it is possible to reduce the torque, it is possible to increase the torque.
- the rotor core 31 is configured by laminating thin steel plates in the axial direction.
- the inner peripheral side magnet slot 35a and the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35b which are V-shaped and arranged in a strip shape, are divided into two by the rotor core 31, and the inner peripheral side magnet slot 35a and the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35b are divided into two.
- the divided rotor cores 31 are referred to as an inner peripheral side central bridge portion A3 and an outer peripheral side central bridge portion A4, respectively.
- the width of the minimum portion of the outer peripheral side central bridge portion A4 of the rotor core 31 that divides the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35b is Dbi.
- the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 32a and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b are inserted into the inner peripheral side magnet slot 35a and the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35b, which are divided into two, respectively.
- the distance between the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35b and the hole 33 is the outer peripheral side central bridge of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b, as in the case of the first embodiment. It is the smallest at the X point along the side of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b from the corner closest to the portion A4 toward the outer side in the radial direction, and the distance thereof is Dbi / 2. The distance between the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b and the hole 33 is minimized at the point X, gradually widens toward the outer side in the radial direction, and is along the side toward the outer side in the radial direction of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b.
- the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b and the hole portion 33 are located at the X point along the radial outer side of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b from the corner portion closest to the outer peripheral side central bridge portion A4 of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b.
- the distance between the holes 33 and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b gradually expands toward the outer side in the radial direction, and the hole 33 and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b at a point distance m from the point X along the side toward the outer side in the radial direction of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b.
- the hole portion 33 can be provided without obstructing the magnetic flux generated by the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b. Further, the weight of the outer peripheral side core of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b in the rotor core 31 can be reduced, and the centrifugal force can be reduced. Further, the widths of the central bridge portion and the outer peripheral bridge portion can be reduced, and the leakage flux can be reduced.
- the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b and the hole are formed at the X point along the radial outer side of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b from the corner portion closest to the outer peripheral side central bridge portion A4 of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b.
- the distance of the unit 33 is the minimum, and the distance is Dbi / 2. Therefore, the stress due to the centrifugal force generated in the rotor core 31 between the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b and the hole 33 is equivalent to the stress generated in the outer peripheral side central bridge portion A4, and the rotor core 31 is destroyed by the centrifugal force. Can be prevented.
- the distance from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole 33 is larger than half of the distance between the outermost corners of the outer peripheral permanent magnet 32b, so that the rotor core 31 rotates. Since the child core 31 is V-shaped and does not hinder the magnetic flux involved in the relaxation torque generated on the outer peripheral side in the radial direction from the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35b arranged in a band shape, the torque can be increased.
- the distance between the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35b and the hole 33 is the angle closest to the outer peripheral side central bridge portion A4 of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b. It is assumed that the distance is the minimum at the X point of Dbi / Br and the distance is Dbi / 2 along the side of the permanent magnet 32b on the outer peripheral side from the portion toward the outside in the radial direction. Further, the distance between the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b and the hole 33 is minimized at the point X, gradually widens toward the outer side in the radial direction, and X along the side toward the outer side in the radial direction of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b.
- the distance d between the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b and the hole 33 at point X is Dbi / 2 or more, it is possible to prevent the rotor core 31 from being destroyed by centrifugal force.
- the permanent magnet The hole 33 can be provided without obstructing the magnetic flux generated by 32. Further, although it is assumed that the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b is inserted into the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35b, only the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35b may be provided without inserting the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b.
- Br of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b may be considered to be 0, and at point X, the distance between the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35b and the hole 33 is an infinite position, but the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32b
- the distance between the magnet slot 35b and the hole 33 is Dbi / 2 or more and the condition of Br ⁇ m / 2 is satisfied at all points.
- the distance between the outer peripheral magnet slot 35b and the hole 33 is Dbi / 2.
- the inner peripheral side magnet slot 35a and the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 32a inserted into the inner peripheral side magnet slot 35a may have any structure.
- FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing the rotor according to the seventh embodiment.
- the rotor 30 has a rotor core 31 fixed to the shaft 5 by press fitting or the like, and a V-shaped and band-shaped rotor core 31 asymmetrically configured in the circumferential direction. It is composed of a magnet slot 35c and a magnet slot 35d. Further, the rotor 30 is composed of a permanent magnet 32c and a permanent magnet 32d inserted into the magnet slot 35c and the magnet slot 35d, respectively, and a hole 33 provided on the radial outer side of the magnet slot 35c and the magnet slot 35d.
- the rotor core 31 is configured by laminating thin steel plates in the axial direction.
- the portion of the rotor core 31 that separates the magnet slot 35c and the magnet slot 35d is called the central bridge portion A5.
- the width of the minimum portion in the central bridge portion A5 is Dbi.
- the permanent magnets 32c and the permanent magnets 32d have different dimensions in the longitudinal direction. As a result, the torque when rotating in one direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 11) can be increased. That is, in FIG. 11, since the area of the 31M portion of the rotor core 31 becomes small, the magnetic flux tends to concentrate on this portion, which is advantageous for counterclockwise rotation.
- the distance between the magnet slot 35c and the hole 33 and the distance between the magnet slot 35d and the hole 33 are the same as those in the first embodiment. It is configured in the same way. That is, the distance between the magnet slot 35c and the hole 33 is at the Xa point where the distance is Dbi / Br along the side of the permanent magnet 32c from the corner closest to the central bridge portion A5 toward the outer side in the radial direction of the permanent magnet 32c. It is the minimum and the distance is Dbi / 2.
- the distance between the magnet slot 35d and the hole 33 is the smallest at the Xb point of Dbi / Br along the side of the permanent magnet 32d from the corner closest to the central bridge portion A5 toward the radial outer side of the permanent magnet 32d. Yes, the distance is Dbi / 2.
- the distance between the permanent magnet 32c and the hole 33 is the point of the distance ma from the point Xa along the side of the permanent magnet 32c toward the outside in the radial direction, with the distance at the point Xa being the minimum.
- the distance between the permanent magnet 32d and the hole 33 is the minimum distance at the point Xb, gradually widens toward the outer side in the radial direction, and is a distance mb from the point Xb along the side toward the outer side in the radial direction of the permanent magnet 32d.
- the distance from the outer periphery of the rotor core 31 to the hole portion 33 is one half of the distance between the corner portions located on the outermost periphery of the permanent magnet 32c and the permanent magnet 32d. ..
- the magnetic flux involved in the reluctance torque is not hindered, so that the torque can be increased.
- a slit portion 50 penetrating outward in the radial direction is provided between the circumferential center of the hole portion 33 and the outer periphery of the rotor core 31. The width of the slit portion 50 is smaller than the distance between the hole portion 33 and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 31.
- the permanent magnet 32c and the permanent magnet 32d have different dimensions in the longitudinal direction, and other configurations are the same. However, not only the dimension in the longitudinal direction but also the dimension in the lateral direction or the residual magnetic flux density Br may be different. Further, the dimensions in the longitudinal direction, the dimensions in the lateral direction, and the residual magnetic flux density Br may be the same, and the inclinations of the magnet slot 35c and the magnet slot 35d may be configured to be asymmetric with respect to the center line Q in the radial direction.
- the inclinations of the magnet slot 35c and the magnet slot 35d are configured symmetrically with respect to the center line Q in the radial direction, and any one or all of the longitudinal dimension, the lateral dimension, and the residual magnetic flux density Br are different. It may be configured as follows. Further, the inclinations of the magnet slot 35c and the magnet slot 35d are symmetrical with respect to the center line Q in the radial direction, and the permanent magnet 32c and the permanent magnet 32d have the same longitudinal dimension, lateral dimension and residual magnetic flux density Br. Then, the slit portion 50 may be inclined so as to have an angle with respect to the center line Q in the radial direction. Even in such a configuration, the torque when rotating in one direction can be increased.
- the slit portion 50 is tilted so as to have an angle with respect to the center line Q in the radial direction and is tilted in the counterclockwise direction, the magnetic flux is concentrated on the rotation direction advancing side when rotating in the counterclockwise direction. It is easy and the torque in this direction can be improved.
- the hole 33 may be configured to be asymmetric with respect to the center line Q in the radial direction.
- FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing the rotor according to the eighth embodiment.
- the rotor 30 has a rotor core 31 fixed to the shaft 5 by press fitting or the like.
- the rotor core 31 has three inner peripheral side magnet slots 35f, 35g, 35h (second inner peripheral side magnet slots) arranged in a bathtub shape and band shape on the inner peripheral side, and an inner peripheral side magnet slot.
- Inner peripheral side permanent magnets 32f, 32g, 32h (second inner peripheral side permanent magnets) inserted into 35f, 35g, 35h, and outer peripheral side magnet slots 35i, 35j arranged in a V shape and band shape on the outer peripheral side.
- outer peripheral side permanent magnets 32i, 32j inserted into outer peripheral side magnet slots 35i, 35j.
- the inner peripheral side magnet slots 35f arranged in a V shape in the bathtub shape, and the inner peripheral side magnet slots 35g are further arranged in the center of the V shape of 35h, and three pieces are arranged.
- three inner peripheral side magnet slots 35f, 35g, and 35h are arranged in a U shape on the inner peripheral side, but the bathtub shape is not limited to the three magnet slots, and three.
- the above magnet slots may be arranged in a U shape.
- the rotor core 31 is provided with a hole 33 on the outer side in the radial direction of the outer peripheral magnet slots 35i and 35j arranged in a V-shape and in a band shape.
- the rotor core 31 is configured by laminating thin steel plates in the axial direction.
- the inner peripheral magnet slots 35f, 35g, and 35h which are bathtub-shaped and arranged in a strip shape, are divided into three in the rotor core 31, and are V-shaped and arranged in a strip shape.
- the 35j is divided into two by the rotor core 31.
- the rotor core 31 portion that divides the inner peripheral side magnet slots 35f, 35g, 35h and the outer peripheral side magnet slots 35i, 35j is referred to as an inner peripheral side central bridge portion A6 and an outer peripheral side central bridge portion A7, respectively.
- the width of the minimum portion of the outer peripheral side central bridge portion A7 of the rotor core 31 that divides the outer peripheral side magnet slots 35i and 35j is Dbi.
- the inner peripheral side permanent magnets 32f, 32g, 32h are inserted into the inner peripheral side magnet slots 35f, 35g, 35h, which are divided into three, respectively, and the outer peripheral side permanent magnets 32i, 32j are divided into two outer peripheral sides. It is inserted into the magnet slots 35i and 35j, respectively.
- the distance between the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35i and the hole 33 is the outer peripheral side central bridge of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i, as in the case of the first embodiment. It is the smallest at the X point along the side of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i from the corner closest to the portion A7 toward the outer side in the radial direction, and the distance thereof is Dbi / 2. The distance between the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i and the hole 33 is minimized at the point X, gradually widens toward the outer side in the radial direction, and is along the side toward the outer side in the radial direction of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i.
- the distance between the holes 33 and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i gradually expands toward the outer side in the radial direction, and the hole 33 and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i at a point distance m from the point X along the side toward the outer side in the radial direction of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i.
- the hole portion 33 can be provided without obstructing the magnetic flux generated by the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i. Further, the weight of the outer peripheral side core of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i in the rotor core 31 can be reduced, and the centrifugal force can be reduced. Further, the widths of the central bridge portion and the outer peripheral bridge portion can be reduced, and the leakage flux can be reduced.
- the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i and the hole are formed at the X point along the radial outer side of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i from the corner portion closest to the outer peripheral side central bridge portion A7 of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i.
- the distance of the unit 33 is the minimum, and the distance is Dbi / 2. Therefore, the stress due to the centrifugal force generated in the rotor core 31 between the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i and the hole 33 is equivalent to the stress generated in the outer peripheral side central bridge portion A7, and the rotor core 31 is destroyed by the centrifugal force. Can be prevented.
- the distance from the outer circumference of the rotor core 31 to the hole 33 is larger than half of the distance between the outermost corners of the outer peripheral permanent magnets 32i, so that the rotation is performed. Since the child core 31 is V-shaped and does not hinder the magnetic flux involved in the relaxation torque generated on the outer peripheral side in the radial direction from the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35i arranged in a band shape, the torque can be increased.
- the distance between the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35i and the hole 33 is the angle closest to the outer peripheral side central bridge portion A7 of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i. It is assumed that the distance is the minimum at the X point of Dbi / Br and the distance is Dbi / 2 along the side of the permanent magnet 32i on the outer peripheral side from the portion toward the outside in the radial direction. Further, the distance between the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i and the hole 33 is minimized at the point X, gradually widens toward the outer side in the radial direction, and X along the side toward the outer side in the radial direction of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i.
- the distance between the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i and the hole 33 at point X is Dbi / 2 or more, it is possible to prevent the rotor core 31 from being destroyed by centrifugal force. Further, this means that if d ⁇ Dbi / 2, the rotor core 31 can be prevented from being destroyed by centrifugal force.
- the permanent magnet The hole 33 can be provided without obstructing the magnetic flux generated by 32. Further, although it is assumed that the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i is inserted into the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35i, only the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35i may be provided without inserting the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i.
- Br of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i may be considered to be 0, and at point X, the distance between the outer peripheral side magnet slot 35i and the hole 33 is an infinite position, but the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 32i
- the distance between the magnet slot 35i and the hole 33 is Dbi / 2 or more and the condition of Br ⁇ m / 2 is satisfied at all points.
- the distance between the outer peripheral magnet slot 35i and the hole 33 is Dbi / 2.
- the inner peripheral side magnet slots 35f, 35g, 35h and the inner peripheral side permanent magnets 32f, 32g, 32h inserted into the inner peripheral side magnet slots 35f, 35g, 35h may have any structure.
- the permanent magnet 32 has been described as having a square cross section, but the corners are chamfered into an R (arc shape) or a C plane (cut out by a right-angled isosceles triangle). May be.
- the corner portion described above may be a virtual corner portion assuming that it has a square cross section.
- the case where one hole 33 is provided has been described, but the hole may be divided into a plurality of holes. In that case, all the holes are arranged at positions included in the holes 33 of the above-described first to eighth embodiments in which the number of holes is one.
- the case where the distance between the permanent magnet and the hole portion increases monotonically as it goes outward in the radial direction has been described, but it may be partially parallel or the hole portion 33. It may be made uneven so that it increases non-monotonically.
- the slit portion 50 penetrates to the hole portion 33, but the slit portion 50 may be divided in the middle by the rotor core 31.
- the winding method of the stator coil may be distributed winding or centralized winding.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
また、∇型に磁石を配置した永久磁石同期回転電機において、∇型に配置された磁石に囲まれた鉄芯部分に孔を設けることにより遠心力を低減し、高トルク化と高速回転化の両立を図っているものがあった(特許文献2参照)。
本実施の形態は、埋込磁石型永久磁石同期回転電機の回転子構造に関するものである。
以下内周側及び外周側とは、回転子の内周側及び外周側をいうものとする。図1は回転電機であるモータの回転軸に沿った断面側面図である。図2は実施の形態1における回転子を示す一部断面平面図であり、回転軸に対して垂直な方向における断面図である。尚回転子は、図2に示された一部回転子と同様の構造が円周方向に多数配列された状態で構成されている。
図1に示すように、モータ1はフレーム10内に収納された固定子20及び回転子30により構成されている。そして回転子30においては、シャフト5の軸方向両端を負荷側軸受け6および反負荷側軸受け7より回転自在に保持されている。固定子20は、環状のヨーク部から回転子30に向かって径方向に凸設されたティース部を有する固定子コア21とティース部に巻回されたコイル22により構成される。
更に回転子30は磁石スロット35に挿入された永久磁石32と、一対の磁石スロット35の径方向外側に設けられた孔部33とで構成される。孔部33を設けることにより回転子30全体の質量が減少して後述する各ブリッジ部における遠心力による応力を緩和することができ、回転電機の高速回転化を促すことができる。
回転子コア31は、薄板鋼板を軸方向に積層して構成されている。又磁石スロット35の空隙部35Aは回転子コア31の外周表面より流出入する高調波磁束の影響を受けにくいようにするために設けられたものである。更に磁石スロット35におけるフラックスバリア部35Bは漏れ磁束の発生を防止するために設けられている。V字型であり、帯状に配置された一対の磁石スロット35は、回転子コア31において2つに分けられており、一対の磁石スロット35を分断している回転子コア31の部分Aを中央ブリッジ部と呼ぶ。これに対して磁石スロット35と回転子30の最外周部との間の部分Bを外周ブリッジ部と呼ぶ。そして磁石スロット35を分断している回転子コア31における中央ブリッジ部Aの最小部分の幅はDbiである。
更に永久磁石32の残留磁束密度(永久磁石による磁気の磁束密度)をBr、回転子コア31(鉄)の磁束飽和密度を2T(TESLA)、回転子30の軸方向長さをLとすると、中央ブリッジ部Aにおいて通過できる最大の磁束は以下の式(1)より求められる。
2(T)×Dbi×L・・・・・(1)
一方X点において、永久磁石32から中央ブリッジ部Aを通って失われる磁束(漏れ磁束)は以下の式(2)より求められる。
x×Br×L×2(X点は2カ所存在する)・・・・(2)
式(1)=式(2)の関係が成立するのでx=Dbi/Brの関係が成立する。
即ちX点から距離mの点までの永久磁石32における範囲から回転子コア31の外周側に出る磁束量は以下の式(3)より求められる。
Br×m×L・・・・(3)
一方鉄の磁束飽和密度を2Tとすると、X点から距離mの点において、通過できる磁束の最大量は以下の式(4)より求められる。
d×L×2(T)・・・・(4)
従って式(4)≧式(3)の関係が成立する必要があり、
d≧Br×m/2となる。
なお回転子コア31を構成する金属の磁束飽和密度をBSとするとd≧Br×m/BSなる関係を満たす必要がある。
又回転子コア31の外周から孔部33との間の距離は、2つに分断された磁石スロット35と回転子コア31の外周との間の距離と等しい。従って回転子コア31における孔部33の外周側に発生する遠心力による応力は、回転子コア31における外周ブリッジ部Bに発生する遠心力による応力と同等であり、外周ブリッジ部Bにおいては回転子コア31が破壊しないように磁石スロット35と回転子コア31の最外周との距離が確保されているので、遠心力による回転子コア31の破壊を防ぐことができる。
尚回転子コア31の外周から孔部33との間の距離は、より強度を増すために2つに分断された磁石スロット35と回転子コア31の外周との間の距離以上になるよう構成することもできる。
図3は実施の形態2における回転子を示す一部断面平面図である。本実施の形態においては、回転電機をリラクタンスモータとして使用した場合、回転子コア31に入るリラクタンストルクを発生させるための磁束が、孔部33により阻害されないようにして、高いトルクを得ることができるようにしたものである。図4は一般的なリラクタンスモータの原理を説明するための図であり、説明を簡単にするために固定子及び回転子を直線状に描いているが、実際は円形状に形成されている。図4において、固定子100からの回転磁界による磁束が回転子101に流れ、これにより回転子101に形成された凸部102に磁力が発生し、回転子101が回転する。その際凸部102と凸部102の間の上部に板状物体103が存在してもリラクタンスモータとして動作することが判っている。そして図3において、60で示された部分が凸部102に該当し、孔部33が凹部104に該当する。
このように構成することにより、V字型であり帯状に配置された一対の永久磁石32の外周側にある回転子コア31に入るリラクタンストルクを発生させるための磁束が、孔部33により阻害されないので、大きなリラクタンストルクを得ることができる。即ち図5に示すように、(E+F)=G/2となるよう設計されているので、G/2の範囲に入る固定子からの磁束が全て回転子コア31側を通過することになるので、大きなリラクタンストルクを得ることができる。更に図3に示すように、孔部33の外周側に内周側に向けて凸状となる円弧形状33Aを設けることにより、固定子からの磁束をより多く通過させることができる。
図7は実施の形態3における回転子を示す一部断面平面図である。本実施の形態においては、実施の形態2と同様、回転電機をリラクタンスモータとして使用した場合、回転子コア31に入るリラクタンストルクを発生させるための磁束が、孔部33により阻害されないようにして、高いトルクを得ることができるようにしたものである。
図7に示すように、回転子コア31の外周から孔部33の距離Jは、永久磁石32の最外周に位置する角部35H同士の間の距離Iの2分の1になるよう構成する。その他の構成は実施の形態2と同様である。
なお実施の形態3において、回転子コア31の外周から孔部33の距離Jは、永久磁石32の最外周に位置する角部35H同士の間の距離Iの2分の1であるとしたが、距離Jは大きければ大きいほど多くの磁束を通すことができるので、2分の1以上であれば同様の効果を奏する。
図8は実施の形態4における回転子を示す一部断面平面図である。
図8に示すように、孔部33の周方向中心から回転子コア31の外周の間に径方向外側に向かって貫通するスリット部50を設ける。リラクタンストルクを生じさせる磁束が少なくなるのを防止するため、スリット部50の幅は孔部33と回転子コア31の外周との間の距離に比べて小さくなるよう構成される。その他の構成は実施の形態3と同様である。
このような構成においても実施の形態3と同様、回転子コア31に入るリラクタンストルクを発生させるための磁束が、孔部33により阻害されないようにして、高いトルクを得ることができる。
図9は実施の形態5における回転子を示す一部断面平面図である。
図9に示すように、回転子30においては、シャフト5に圧入などで固定された回転子コア31と、回転子コア31にバスタブ状であって帯状に配置された3つの磁石スロット35と、磁石スロット35に挿入された永久磁石32と、磁石スロット35の径方向外側に設けられた孔部33により構成される。磁石スロット35は回転子コア31において3つに分けられており、磁石スロット35を分断している2つの回転子コア31部分を中央ブリッジ部A1と呼ぶ。この磁石スロット35を分断している回転子コア31の2つの中央ブリッジ部A1の最小部分の幅はDbiである。本実施形態においては、実施の形態1と異なり幅Dbiの最小部分が2つ存在する。
回転子コア31の外周から孔部33の最短距離Kは、両サイドの永久磁石32の最外周角部と回転子コア31の外周との間の距離と等しく、最短距離になる位置は孔部33の中心から周方向に離れた位置であり、回転子コア31の外周から孔部33までの距離は、中心に向かって徐々に大きくなる。これによりリラクタンストルクを増加させることができる。
更に回転子コア31の外周から孔部33までの最短距離Kは、両サイドの永久磁石32の最外周角部35Hと回転子コア31の外周との距離と等しく、最短距離になる位置は孔部33の中心から周方向に離れた位置にあり、回転子コア31の外周から孔部33までの距離は、中心に向かって徐々に大きくなる。
図10は実施の形態6における回転子を示す一部断面平面図である。
図10に示すように、回転子30は、シャフト5に圧入などで固定された回転子コア31を有する。そして回転子コア31には、外周側と内周側とにおいて2層を構成するように、V字型かつ帯状に配置された外周側磁石スロットおよび内周側磁石スロットを有している。即ち回転子コア31には、内周側磁石スロット35a(第1内周側磁石スロット)と、内周側磁石スロット35aに挿入された内周側永久磁石32a(第1内周側永久磁石)と、外周側磁石スロット35bと、外周側磁石スロット35bに挿入された外周側永久磁石32bとを有している。更に回転子コア31には、V字型であり帯状に配置された外周側磁石スロット35bの径方向外側に設けられた孔部33が設けられている。
このように磁石を多層化することによりリラクタンストルクが発生し易くなるため、高トルク化が可能になる。磁石を1層から2層にすると、1層目と2層目の間に新たな磁路が生じる。この磁路はdq座標系におけるq軸磁路に相当するもので、q軸磁束が通るため、q軸インダクタンスが増加する。リラクタンストルクはd軸インダクタンスとq軸インダクタンスの突極性によって発生するため、q軸インダクタンスが大きくなるとリラクタンストルクが増加する。したがって、多層化することで高トルク化がし易くなる。
一方、磁石を多層化した場合、磁束が通る回転子内の鉄心の量が減るため、磁気飽和もし易くなる。とりわけ、図10に示す外周側永久磁石32bと回転子30の外周との間に存在する鉄心(図10における点線Zで囲われた部分)が少なくなるので、2層化する前より磁気飽和はし易くなる。しかし、本実施の形態に示しているように、孔部33を形成することにより上述の箇所も磁気飽和させずに軽量化が可能となるため、ブリッジ部の幅を減らすことができ、漏れ磁束を低減できるので、高トルク化が可能となる。
また、実施の形態3と同様、回転子コア31の外周から孔部33との間の距離は、外周側永久磁石32bの最外周角部同士の距離の2分の1となっている。
又実施の形態3と同様、回転子コア31の外周から孔部33との間の距離は、外周側永久磁石32bの最外周側角部同士の距離の2分の1よりも大きいため、回転子コア31のV字型であり、帯状に配置された外周側磁石スロット35bよりも径方向外周側で発生するリラクタンストルクに関与する磁束を阻害しないため、トルクを大きくすることができる。
また、外周側磁石スロット35bには外周側永久磁石32bが挿入されるものとしたが、外周側永久磁石32bを挿入せずに、外周側磁石スロット35bのみを設けてもよい。
この場合、外周側永久磁石32bのBrは0であるものと考えてよく、X点においては、外周側磁石スロット35bと孔部33の距離は無限大の位置となるが、外周側永久磁石32bと孔部33の距離は、全ての点で、Dbi/2以上、かつBr×m/2の条件を満たすこととなるので、結果として外周側磁石スロット35bと孔部33の距離はDbi/2以上であればよいこととなる。
尚内周側磁石スロット35aと、内周側磁石スロット35aに挿入された内周側永久磁石32aについてはどのような構造であってもよい。
図11は実施の形態7における回転子を示す一部断面平面図である。
図11に示すように、回転子30は、シャフト5に圧入などで固定された回転子コア31と、回転子コア31に周方向において非対称に構成されたV字型であり帯状に配置された磁石スロット35c及び磁石スロット35dにより構成されている。更に回転子30は、磁石スロット35c及び磁石スロット35dにそれぞれ挿入された永久磁石32c、永久磁石32dと、磁石スロット35c及び磁石スロット35dの径方向外側に設けられた孔部33により構成される。
更に孔部33の周方向中心から回転子コア31の外周の間に径方向外側に向かって貫通するスリット部50を設ける。そしてスリット部50の幅は孔部33と回転子コア31の外周部との間の距離に比べて小さい。
図12は実施の形態8における回転子を示す一部断面平面図である。
図12に示すように、回転子30は、シャフト5に圧入などで固定された回転子コア31を有する。そして回転子コア31には、内周側にバスタブ状であって帯状に配置された3つの内周側磁石スロット35f、35g、35h(第2内周側磁石スロット)と、内周側磁石スロット35f、35g、35hに挿入された内周側永久磁石32f、32g、32h(第2内周側永久磁石)と、外周側にV字型かつ帯状に配置された外周側磁石スロット35i、35jと、外周側磁石スロット35i、35jに挿入された外周側永久磁石32i、32jを有する。ここで、図12に示すように、バスタブ状とはV字型に配置された内周側磁石スロット35f、35hのV字型の中心にさらに内周側磁石スロット35gを配置し、3個の内周側磁石スロットがU字型に配置された形状をいう。なお、図12では内周側に3個の内周側磁石スロット35f、35g、35hがU字型に配置された形状であるが、バスタブ状は3個の磁石スロットに限定されず、3個以上の磁石スロットがU字型に配置された形状であってもよい。更に回転子コア31には、V字型であり帯状に配置された外周側磁石スロット35i、35jの径方向外側に孔部33が設けられている。
このように内周側に3個の内周側磁石スロット35f、35g、35hをU字型に配置することにより、実施の形態6と同様の効果を奏するとともに、永久磁石をV字型ではなくバスタブ状(U字型)に3つに分割することで、1層目と2層目の間のq軸磁束が通る余分な鉄心を減らすことができるため、ブリッジ部の幅を減らすことが可能となる。ブリッジ部の幅を減らすことができれば、漏れ磁束も減らすことができるため、高トルク化が可能となる。
また、実施の形態3と同様、回転子コア31の外周から孔部33との間の距離は、外周側永久磁石32i、32jの最外周角部同士の距離の2分の1となっている。
又実施の形態3と同様、回転子コア31の外周から孔部33との間の距離は、外周側永久磁石32iの最外周側角部同士の距離の2分の1よりも大きいため、回転子コア31においてV字型であり、帯状に配置された外周側磁石スロット35iよりも径方向外周側で発生するリラクタンストルクに関与する磁束を阻害しないため、トルクを大きくすることができる。
また、外周側磁石スロット35iには外周側永久磁石32iが挿入されるものとしたが、外周側永久磁石32iを挿入せずに、外周側磁石スロット35iのみを設けてもよい。この場合、外周側永久磁石32iのBrは0であるものと考えてよく、X点においては、外周側磁石スロット35iと孔部33の距離は無限大の位置となるが、外周側永久磁石32iと孔部33の距離は、全ての点で、Dbi/2以上、かつBr×m/2の条件を満たすこととなるので、結果として外周側磁石スロット35iと孔部33の距離はDbi/2以上であればよいこととなる。
尚内周側磁石スロット35f、35g、35hと、内周側磁石スロット35f、35g、35hに挿入された内周側永久磁石32f、32g、32hについてはどのような構造であってもよい。
上記実施の形態1から8において、1つの孔部33を設けた場合を説明したが、孔部を複数に分割してもよい。その場合全ての孔部は、孔部が1つであるとした上記実施の形態1から8の孔部33に内包される位置に配置される。
上記実施の形態1から8において、永久磁石と孔部との間の距離は径方向外側に行くに従い単調に増加する場合について説明したが、部分的に平行であっても良く、あるいは孔部33に凹凸をつけて非単調に増加するようにしてもよい。
上記実施の形態4、7で、スリット部50は孔部33に至るまで貫通した場合を示したが、回転子コア31により途中分断されていてもよい。
更に上記実施の形態1から8において、固定子コイルの巻線方法は分布巻でも集中巻でもよい。
Claims (12)
- 固定子の内周側に配置された回転子を有する回転電機であって、前記回転子はシャフトに固定された回転子コアと、前記回転子コアに径方向外側に向かって互いに遠ざかるようにV字型に配置された一対の磁石スロットと、各前記磁石スロットに挿入された永久磁石と、各前記磁石スロットの径方向外側に設けられた孔部により構成され、前記永久磁石と前記孔部の間の距離は、径方向外側に行くに従って大きくなるよう構成するとともに、前記回転子コアの外周から前記孔部との間の距離は各前記磁石スロットと前記回転子コアの外周との間の距離以上になるよう構成される回転電機。
- V字型に配置された一対の前記磁石スロットの内周側に径方向外側に向かって互いに遠ざかるようにV字型に配置された一対の第1内周側磁石スロットを設けるとともに、前記第1内周側磁石スロットに第1内周側永久磁石を挿入した請求項1記載の回転電機。
- V字型に配置された一対の前記磁石スロットの内周側にU字型に配置された3個以上の第2内周側磁石スロットを設けるとともに、前記第2内周側磁石スロットに第2内周側永久磁石を挿入した請求項1記載の回転電機。
- 各前記磁石スロットを分断している前記回転子における中央ブリッジ部の最小部分の幅をDbi、前記永久磁石の残留磁束密度をBr、前記回転子コアを構成する金属の磁束飽和密度をBSとし、前記永久磁石の前記中央ブリッジ部に最も近い角部から前記永久磁石の径方向外側に向かう辺に沿って前記磁石スロットと前記孔部との間の距離が最小値をとる点をX点とし、前記永久磁石の径方向外側に向かう辺に沿って前記X点から距離mの点での前記孔部と前記永久磁石との間の距離をdとした場合、
d≧Br×m/BSかつd≧Dbi/2なる関係式を満たす請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の回転電機。 - V字型に配置された一対の前記磁石スロットの間であって前記孔部の内周側には中央磁石スロットを設けるとともに、前記中央磁石スロットには中央永久磁石を挿入した請求項1記載の回転電機。
- 一対の前記磁石スロットと前記中央磁石スロットを分断している前記回転子における中央ブリッジ部の最小部分の幅をDbi、前記永久磁石の残留磁束密度をBr、前記回転子コアを構成する金属の磁束飽和密度をBSとし、前記永久磁石の前記中央ブリッジ部に最も近い角部から前記永久磁石の径方向外側に向かう辺に沿って前記磁石スロットと前記孔部との間の距離が最小値をとる点をX点とし、前記永久磁石の径方向外側に向かう辺に沿って前記X点から距離mの点での前記孔部と前記永久磁石との間の距離をdとした場合、
d≧Br×m/BSかつd≧Dbiなる関係式を満たす請求項5記載の回転電機。 - 前記回転子コアの外周から前記孔部の最短距離と、前記永久磁石の前記中央ブリッジ部に近い角部同士を結んだ線と前記孔部との最短距離との和は、
前記永久磁石の最外周に位置する角部同士の間の距離の2分の1以上である請求項4又は請求項6に記載の回転電機。 - 前記回転子コアの外周から前記孔部の距離は、前記永久磁石の最外周に位置する角部同士の間の距離の2分の1以上である請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の回転電機。
- 前記孔部から前記回転子コアの外周の間に径方向外側に向かって貫通するスリット部を設けるとともに、前記スリット部の幅は前記孔部と前記回転子コアの外周との間の距離よりも小さい請求項1から請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の回転電機。
- 一対の前記磁石スロットの傾きを半径方向の中心線に対して非対称に構成した請求項1から請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の回転電機。
- 前記孔部を半径方向の中心線に対して非対称になるよう構成した請求項1から請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の回転電機。
- 前記スリット部を半径方向の中心線に対して角度を持たせるよう傾斜させて配置した請求項9記載の回転電機。
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| WO2025004214A1 (ja) * | 2023-06-28 | 2025-01-02 | ファナック株式会社 | 回転子コア、回転子および電動機 |
| CN117767614B (zh) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-11-08 | 淮阴工学院 | 一种表贴-内置混合式永磁同步电机转子结构 |
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