WO2021201024A1 - エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール及び反射型光学式エンコーダ - Google Patents
エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール及び反射型光学式エンコーダ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021201024A1 WO2021201024A1 PCT/JP2021/013676 JP2021013676W WO2021201024A1 WO 2021201024 A1 WO2021201024 A1 WO 2021201024A1 JP 2021013676 W JP2021013676 W JP 2021013676W WO 2021201024 A1 WO2021201024 A1 WO 2021201024A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- chromium
- reflectance
- reflective optical
- region
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
- G01D5/34707—Scales; Discs, e.g. fixation, fabrication, compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
- G01D5/24428—Error prevention
- G01D5/24433—Error prevention by mechanical means
- G01D5/24438—Special design of the sensing element or scale
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
- G01D5/34746—Linear encoders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
- G02B5/0816—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers
- G02B5/085—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers at least one of the reflecting layers comprising metal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/347—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
- G01D5/3473—Circular or rotary encoders
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a reflective optical scale for an encoder and an encoder.
- Optical encoders capable of measuring dimensions with high accuracy have been used.
- Optical encoders include transmissive encoders and reflective encoders. Reflective encoders have a shorter optical path than transmissive encoders, are easier to miniaturize and thin, and position light emitting elements and light receiving elements. Has the advantage of being unnecessary and easy to assemble.
- the reflective optical encoder includes a reflective optical scale, a light source such as an LED that irradiates the scale with light, and a photodetector that detects the reflected light from the scale.
- the reflective optical scale the reflective region (high reflection region) and the non-reflective region (low reflection region) are alternately arranged, and the light reflectance in the reflection region is higher than the light reflectance in the non-reflection region.
- the photodetector detects the intensity of light caused by the movement of the scale position in the length measurement direction.
- the reflective optical encoder can process the displacement information of the position of this scale according to the intensity of the detected light and acquire the position information.
- the reflectance of the reflective region is high in order to prevent false detection by the light detector and improve the signal detection accuracy, and the reflectance of the non-reflective region is high. Needs to be low.
- the non-reflective region of the reflective optical scale has a multilayer film structure in which metals Ti, SiO 2 , TiO 2 and SiO 2 are laminated in this order to reduce reflection and in a highly reflective region.
- a reflective optical scale is disclosed in which the difference between the intensity of the reflected light and the intensity of the reflected light in the low reflection region is increased.
- the SiO 2 film used is expensive, and two types of film-forming raw materials, Ti and Si, are required, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a reflective optical scale in which a part of one side of a substrate having a high surface reflectance is covered with a non-reflective pattern made of a metal oxide film or a metal nitrogen substance.
- Patent Document 3 describes that chromium or a chromium compound such as chromium oxide and chromium nitride is used as a material for forming a pattern-forming film having a lower light reflectance than the reflective film.
- the present inventors have proposed the low reflection region configuration of the conventional reflective optical scale for encoders in the red / near infrared region. It was found that the reflectance of optics could not be sufficiently reduced. Therefore, it is desired to further reduce the reflectance in the low reflection region.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reflective optical scale for an encoder capable of sufficiently reducing the reflectance in a low reflection region.
- the present disclosure is a reflective optical scale for an encoder in which high-reflection regions and low-reflection regions are alternately arranged on a base material, and the low-reflection regions are arranged on one surface of the base material.
- the high reflection region includes a low reflection portion having a metal chromium film and a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film arranged in random order on the surface of the metal chromium film opposite to the base material, and the high reflection region is described above.
- a reflective optical scale for an encoder in which the reflectance of light incident from the side opposite to the base material of the reflective optical scale for an encoder is higher than that in the low reflection region.
- the low-reflection region has a low-reflection portion composed of a metal chromium film formed on a base material and a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film formed in random order on the metal chromium film. This makes it possible to obtain a reflective optical scale for an encoder capable of reducing the reflectance in a low reflection region.
- the outermost surface of the low reflection region is the chromium oxide film or the chromium nitride film. Further, the low reflection region is opposite to the metal chromium film, the chromium nitride film arranged on the surface of the metal chromium film opposite to the base material, and the metal chromium film of the chromium nitride film. It is preferable to have the above-mentioned chromium oxide film arranged on the side surface. This is because the reflectance in the low reflection region can be further reduced.
- the high reflection region has the metal chromium film formed on the base material. This is because the manufacturing process can be simplified, leading to cost reduction.
- the highly reflective region may have a metallic silver film or a silver alloy film containing silver as a main component formed on the base material. This is because such a metallic silver film or a silver alloy film can have a higher reflectance in a high reflection region.
- the reflectance at any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm in the high reflection region is 60% or more, and the value of the S / N ratio represented by the following formula is It can be 100 or more.
- S / N ratio reflectance in the high reflectance region / reflectance in the low reflectance region
- the reflectance in the high reflectance region and the reflectance in the low reflectance region in the above equation indicate the reflectance at the same wavelength. ..
- the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder a light source that irradiates light on the surface of the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder on the side where the low-reflection portion is arranged, and the above-mentioned light source for the above-mentioned encoder.
- a reflective optical encoder including a light detector for detecting reflected light from a reflective optical scale.
- the reflective optical encoder in the present disclosure includes the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for the encoder, so that light detection can be performed. It is possible to prevent erroneous detection of the device.
- the present disclosure is a reflective optical scale for an encoder in which high reflection regions and low reflection regions are alternately arranged on a transparent base material, and the low reflection region is on one surface of the transparent base material.
- a light-reflecting portion having a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film arranged in no particular order and a metal chromium film arranged on the surface of the chromium oxide film or the chromium nitride film on the surface opposite to the base material.
- the high-reflection region provides a reflective optical scale for an encoder in which the reflectance of light incident from the transparent substrate side of the reflective optical scale for an encoder is higher than that in the low-reflection region.
- the low reflection region is a light reflection composed of a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film formed on a transparent base material in no particular order, and a chromium oxide film or a metallic chromium film formed on the chromium nitride film.
- the low reflection region includes the chromium oxide film arranged on one surface of the transparent substrate and the chromium nitride film arranged on the surface of the chromium oxide film opposite to the transparent substrate. It is preferable to have a film and the metal chromium film arranged on the surface of the chromium nitride film on the opposite side of the chromium oxide film. This is because the reflectance in the low reflection region can be further reduced.
- the high reflection region has the metal chromium film arranged on the surface of the transparent base material on the side where the light reflection portion is arranged. This is because the manufacturing process can be simplified, leading to cost reduction.
- the high-reflection region shall have a metallic silver film or a silver-based silver alloy film arranged on the surface of the transparent base material on the side where the light-reflecting portion is arranged. Can be done. This is because such a metallic silver film or a silver alloy film can have a higher reflectance in a high reflection region.
- the reflectance at any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm in the high reflection region is 60% or more, and the value of the S / N ratio represented by the following formula is It can be 15 or more.
- S / N ratio reflectance in the high reflectance region / reflectance in the low reflectance region
- the reflectance in the high reflectance region and the reflectance in the low reflectance region in the above equation indicate the reflectance at the same wavelength. ..
- the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder a light source that irradiates light on a surface of the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder opposite to the side on which the light reflecting portion is arranged, and the above-mentioned light source.
- a reflective optical encoder including a light detector for detecting reflected light from the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder.
- the reflective optical encoder in the present disclosure includes the reflective optical scale for an encoder having the above-mentioned light reflecting portion, the difference between the reflectance in the high reflection region and the reflectance in the low reflection region can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection of the optical detector.
- a reflective optical scale for an encoder in which high-reflection regions and low-reflection regions are alternately arranged on a transparent base material, and the low-reflection regions include at least three inorganic layers. It has a laminated low-reflection portion, and the reflectance in the low-reflection region is 5% or less.
- the high-reflection region at least one inorganic layer is laminated, and the reflectance in the high-reflection region is Provided is a reflective optical scale for an encoder, wherein the value is 60% or more and the value of the S / N ratio represented by the following formula is 6 or more.
- S / N ratio reflectance in the high reflectance region / reflectance in the low reflectance region
- the reflective optical scale for an encoder of the present disclosure has an effect that the reflectance in a low reflection region can be sufficiently reduced.
- the present disclosure includes a reflective optical scale for an encoder and a reflective optical encoder in embodiments.
- embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to drawings and the like.
- the present disclosure can be implemented in many different embodiments and is not construed as limited to the description of the embodiments exemplified below.
- the drawings may schematically represent the width, thickness, shape, etc. of each part as compared with the embodiment, but this is merely an example and the interpretation of the present disclosure is limited. It's not something to do.
- the same elements as those described above with respect to the above-mentioned figures may be designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof may be omitted as appropriate.
- the phrase "upper” or "lower” may be used for explanation, but the vertical direction may be reversed.
- a certain structure such as a certain member or a certain area is "above (or below)" another structure such as another member or another area.
- this includes not only the case of being directly above (or directly below) the other configuration, but also the case of being above (or below) the other configuration, that is, separately above (or below) the other configuration. Including the case where the component of is included.
- the "reflective optical scale for an encoder” may be simply referred to as an "optical scale”.
- the light incident on the optical scale means light having a wavelength ⁇ incident on the optical scale from the light source at an incident angle ⁇ .
- the present inventors have found that the conventional low-reflection region (non-reflection region) configuration of the reflective optical scale for an encoder has sufficient reflectance in the red and near-infrared regions. It was found that it did not go down to. Then, as a result of studying the composition of the non-reflective region capable of sufficiently lowering the reflectance, the present inventors have made a metal chromium film, and a chromium oxide film and chromium nitride formed in random order on the metal chromium film.
- the structure has a low-reflection portion made of a film, the reflectance of light incident from the side opposite to the metal chromium film side of the low-reflection portion can be sufficiently reduced, and the present invention has been completed. rice field.
- the reflective optical scale and encoder for an encoder of the present disclosure include a first embodiment in which light is incident from the side opposite to the base material of the optical scale described later, and a second embodiment in which light is incident from the base material side. Can be mentioned.
- the reflective optical scale for an encoder of the present embodiment is a reflective optical scale for an encoder in which high-reflection regions and low-reflection regions are alternately arranged on a base material, and the low-reflection region is the group.
- the high reflection region includes a low reflection portion composed of a metal chromium film formed on the material and a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film formed in random order on the metal chromium film, and the high reflection region is the reflection for the encoder. It is characterized in that the reflectance of light incident from the side opposite to the base material of the type optical scale is higher than that of the low reflection region.
- a low reflection region a three-layer structure of a metal chromium film and a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film formed on the metal chromium film in random order is formed from the base material side. Since the light incident from the light source located on the side opposite to the base material of the optical scale including the low-reflecting portion is reflected by the low-reflecting portion, in any wavelength in the range of 550 nm to 950 nm in the wavelength region, The reflectance in the low reflection region can be reduced to 10% or less, preferably 5% or less, and further to 1% or less.
- the reflectance is obtained by measuring using a Scanning Spectrophotometer UV-3100PC (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) as a measuring device.
- a low-reflection portion including a two-layer structure of a metal chromium film and a chromium oxide film, a two-layer structure of a metal chromium film and a chromium nitride film, and a combination of another metal film and a chromium oxide film and / or a chromium nitride film.
- the reflectance in the low reflection region cannot be sufficiently reduced.
- a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film can be easily formed by using reactive sputtering or the like. Further, high-definition patterning can be easily performed as compared with the silicon oxide film.
- the "chromium oxide film and chromium nitride film formed on the metal chromium film in no particular order" may be formed in the order of the metal chromium film, the chromium oxide film, and the chromium nitride film.
- a metal chromium film, a chromium nitride film, and a chromium oxide film may be formed in this order.
- FIGS. 1A and 1 (b) are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a reflective optical scale for an encoder according to the present embodiment.
- the high reflection region 12 has a metal chromium film 2 formed on the base material 1, and the light L1 is reflected by the metal chromium film 2.
- the low reflection region 11 is formed on the metal chromium film 2 formed on the base material 1, the chromium nitride film 3 formed on the metal chromium film 2, and the chromium nitride film 3.
- the low reflection region 11 is formed on the metal chromium film 2 formed on the base material 1, the chromium oxide film 4 formed on the metal chromium film 2, and the chromium oxide film 4.
- the optical scale shown in FIG. 1 requires less layer structure and is advantageous in terms of cost. Further, the reflectance at any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm in the low reflection region is reduced to 10% or less, preferably 5% or less, and further to 1% or less by adjusting the film thickness. Can be done.
- the low reflection region in the present disclosure has a low reflection portion.
- the low-reflection portion includes a metal chromium film formed on the base material, and a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film formed on the metal chromium film in no particular order.
- the metal chromium film, the chromium nitride film, and the chromium oxide film are arranged in this order, or the metal chromium film, the chromium oxide film, and the chromium nitride film are arranged in this order, and the optical scale. Is arranged so that the metallic chromium film is on the substrate side.
- the outermost surface of the low reflection region is preferably the surface of the chromium oxide film or the chromium nitride film of the low reflection portion, and particularly preferably the surface of the chromium oxide film. This is because the reflectance in the low reflection region can be reduced more effectively.
- the "low reflection part in which the metal chromium film, the chromium nitride film, and the chromium oxide film are arranged in this order" is the low reflection part of the first specification, and the "metal chromium film, the chromium oxide film, and the chromium nitride film are arranged in this order".
- the low-reflection part is referred to as the low-reflection part of the second specification.
- a metal chromium film, a chromium nitride film, and a chromium oxide film are arranged in this order from the base material side.
- the low-reflection region having the low-reflection portion of the present specification reduces the reflectance at any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm of the light emitted from the light source to 5% or less, particularly 0.5% or less.
- the change in reflectance with respect to the wavelength change is gradual, which makes it easy to control the reflectance.
- each layer will be described in detail.
- the metal chrome film is provided on the substrate.
- the metallic chromium film is a layer made of metallic chromium.
- the metallic chromium film is a layer that does not substantially transmit the light emitted from the light source, and the transmittance is preferably 1.0% or less.
- the transmittance can be measured using a spectrophotometer (MPC-3100) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
- the film thickness is, for example, 40 nm or more, preferably 70 nm or more.
- the "thickness" of each member means the thickness obtained by a general measuring method.
- the thickness measuring method include a stylus-type method in which the thickness is calculated by tracing the surface with a stylus to detect irregularities, an optical method in which the thickness is calculated based on a spectral reflection spectrum, and the like. Can be done. Specifically, the thickness can be measured using a stylus type film thickness meter P-15 manufactured by KLA Tencor Co., Ltd. As the thickness, the average value of the thickness measurement results at a plurality of locations of the target member may be used.
- a physical vapor deposition method such as a sputtering method, an ion plating method, or a vacuum vapor deposition method is used.
- the chromium nitride film in this specification is arranged between the metal chromium film and the chromium oxide film. Unlike chromium oxide, chromium nitride carbide, and the like, the chromium nitride film is mainly composed of chromium and nitrogen, and does not substantially contain impurities other than chromium and nitrogen.
- the x representing the atomic ratio of Cr and N in the chromium nitride (CrNx) film is preferably 0.4 or more and 1.1 or less.
- the chromium nitride film preferably has a purity in the range of 80 to 100% of chromium and nitrogen, particularly in the range of 90 to 100%, with the entire film as 100 atomic%.
- impurities for example, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and the like may be contained.
- the film thickness ( TN ) of the chromium nitride film is preferably in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm, particularly preferably in the range of 10 nm to 80 nm. Further, in the relationship between the thickness (T O) of the later-described chromium oxide film, when the wavelength is 850nm, the sum of T N and T O is 40nm or more, when the wavelength is 550nm includes a T N it is preferred that the total of the T O is 20nm or more. Within such a film thickness range, the reflectance in the low reflection region can be easily reduced to 10% or less, particularly 5% or less, as compared with the case where the film thickness is outside the above range.
- the film thickness ( TN ) of the chromium nitride film is preferably in the range of 10 nm to 80 nm because it is easy to reduce the reflectance in the entire green to infrared (about 500 to 1000 nm) region.
- a method for forming chromium nitride for example, a physical vapor deposition method (PVD) such as a reactive sputtering method, an ion plating method, or a vacuum vapor deposition method is used.
- PVD physical vapor deposition method
- nitrogen can be introduced into an argon (Ar) gas to form a chromium nitride film by a reactive sputtering method using a Cr target.
- Ar argon
- the composition of the chromium nitride film can be controlled by controlling the ratio of Ar gas and nitrogen gas.
- Chromium oxide film The chromium oxide film is formed on a chromium nitride film, and its main components are chromium and oxygen. Unlike chromium oxide and chromium nitride carbide, impurities other than chromium and oxygen are included. Is substantially free of.
- the y representing the atomic ratio of Cr and O in the chromium oxide (CrOy) film is preferably 1.4 or more and 2.1 or less.
- the purity of the chromium oxide film is preferably in the range of 80 to 100%, particularly in the range of 90 to 100%, with the entire film as 100 atomic%. Hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon and the like may be contained as impurities.
- the film thickness of the chromium oxide film is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm, particularly preferably in the range of 10 nm to 80 nm. Further, the film thickness ( TO ) of chromium oxide is described in the above-mentioned "(i) Low reflection portion (b) Chromium nitride film of the first specification” in which the total film thickness together with the film thickness (TN) of the chromium nitride film is described above. it is preferable that the range.
- a method for forming chromium oxide for example, a physical vapor deposition method (PVD) such as a reactive sputtering method, an ion plating method, or a vacuum vapor deposition method is used.
- PVD physical vapor deposition method
- oxygen can be introduced into an argon (Ar) gas to form a chromium oxide film by a reactive sputtering method using a Cr target.
- Ar argon
- (Ii) Low-reflection portion of the second specification In the low-reflection portion of the second specification, a metal chromium film, a chromium oxide film, and a chromium nitride film are arranged in this order from the base material side.
- the low-reflection region having the low-reflection portion of the present specification can reduce the reflectance at any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm of the light emitted from the light source to 5% or less, particularly 1% or less. ..
- each layer will be described in detail.
- the chromium oxide film in this specification is arranged between the metal chromium film and the chromium nitride film.
- the film thickness is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of, for example, 5 nm to 60 nm, particularly 10 nm to 50 nm. Further, it is preferable to satisfy the relationship with the film thickness of the chromium nitride film described later. This is because the reflectance at any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm in the low reflection region can be more reliably reduced to 10% or less, particularly 5% or less.
- the thickness of the chromium oxide film (T O), since is possible to reduce the reflectance in the green to the infrared (about 500 ⁇ 1000 nm) regions entire becomes easy, preferably in the range of 5 nm ⁇ 35 nm.
- the chromium nitride film of this specification is formed on the chromium oxide film.
- the film thickness of the chromium nitride film of the present specification is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm, particularly preferably in the range of 10 nm to 80 nm. Further, in the relationship between the thickness (T O) of the chromium oxide film, when the wavelength is 850nm, the sum of T N and T O is 30nm or more, when the wavelength is 550nm, the T N and T O It is preferable that the total of and is 15 nm or more.
- the film thickness (TN ) of the chromium nitride film of this specification is in the range of 10 nm to 60 nm because it is easy to reduce the reflectance in the entire green to infrared (about 500 to 1000 nm) region. preferable.
- Base material for example, glass, metal, resin, silicon and the like can be used as the material used for the base material, and among them, a glass substrate using glass is preferable. This is because glass has a small coefficient of linear expansion and can suppress dimensional changes due to temperature changes in the usage environment.
- the shape of the base material is not limited. For example, those used for rotary encoders have a substantially circular shape in a plan view, and those used for a linear encoder have a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view. can do.
- the high-reflection region in the present embodiment is particularly configured as long as the reflectance of light incident from the side opposite to the base material side of the reflective optical scale for encoder is higher than the low-reflection region.
- the reflectance at any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm in the high reflection region is preferably 60% or more, particularly 80% or more, particularly 90% or more.
- the highly reflective region 12 in FIG. 1 has a metallic chromium film 2 arranged on the base material 1, and reflects light by the metallic chromium film.
- the manufacturing method of the optical scale of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but can be manufactured by selective etching or lift-off. Specifically, a metallic chromium film is formed on the substrate by, for example, a sputtering method, and then a chromium nitride film and a chromium oxide film are formed. Next, the optical scale shown in FIG. 1 can be manufactured by patterning the chromium nitride film and the chromium oxide film by photolithography and etching.
- a resist pattern is formed on the metal chromium film, and a known vacuum film forming method such as a sputtering method is used to form a chromium nitride film and chromium oxide. Form a film. Then, by removing the resist pattern, the chromium nitride film and the chromium oxide film formed directly above the resist pattern can be lifted off to obtain a pattern of the chromium nitride film and the chromium oxide film.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the reflective optical scale for an encoder of the present embodiment.
- the optical scale 10 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2 high reflection regions 12 and low reflection regions 11 are alternately arranged on the base material 1.
- a highly reflective metal film 5 and a protective film 6 are formed on the base material 1 in this order.
- the low reflection region 11 has a low reflection portion 20 having a metal chromium film 2 on the protective film 5 and a chromium oxide film 4 and a chromium nitride film 3 formed on the metal chromium film 2 in no particular order. Is formed.
- the highly reflective metal film is preferably composed of a metal having high reflectance, for example, silver, aluminum, rhodium, chromium, and alloys containing these metals as main components. Can be mentioned. Further, examples of the metal film having particularly high reflectance in the near infrared region include gold, copper and alloys containing these metals as main components.
- the protective film can be the same as the material used as the protective film for general optical functional members.
- a photocurable resin such as a photosensitive polyimide resin, an epoxy resin and an acrylic resin, or a thermosetting resin, And inorganic materials and the like.
- examples of other materials include polymerization initiators and various additives.
- the thickness of the protective film can be appropriately selected.
- a known coating method such as a spin coating method or a die coating method can be mentioned.
- Modification example 2 3 (a) and 3 (b) are schematic cross-sectional views showing another example of the reflective optical scale for an encoder of the present embodiment.
- the optical scale 10 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 3A includes a base material 1, a metal chromium film 2, and a chromium nitride film 3 and a chromium oxide film 4 formed on the metal chromium film 2 in random order.
- This is an embodiment in which a metal chromium film 9 formed in a pattern is formed on the laminated body containing the above.
- FIG. 3B shows an embodiment in which a highly reflective metal film 5 formed in a pattern is formed on the laminated body.
- the high-reflection region 12 and the low-reflection region 11 are alternately arranged on the base material 1, and the high-reflection region 12 is formed in a pattern as a metal chromium layer 9 or a high-reflection metal film. 5 and reflects light by the metal chromium layer 9 or the highly reflective metal film 5.
- the low-reflection region 11 includes a low-reflection portion 20 having a metal chromium film 2 formed on the base material 1 and a chromium nitride film 3 and a chromium oxide film 4 formed on the metal chromium film 2 in no particular order.
- Light is reflected by the low reflection unit 20.
- a protective film 6 may be formed on the highly reflective metal film 5.
- the protective film 6 can be formed by leaving the resist used when patterning the highly reflective metal film as it is.
- the protective film since the metallic chromium film has excellent resistance to corrosion, the protective film may not be formed on the metallic chromium film 9 formed in a pattern.
- the reflective optical scale for the encoder of the present embodiment can reduce the reflectance in the low reflection region, and therefore, the S / N represented by the following equation. It is possible to increase the ratio.
- S / N ratio reflectance in the high reflectance region / reflectance in the low reflectance region
- the reflectance in the high reflectance region and the reflectance in the low reflectance region in the above equation indicate the reflectance at the same wavelength. ..
- the S / N ratio can be 6 or more, and among them, 15 or more, preferably 100 or more, particularly preferably 200 or more.
- the basis for the above S / N ratio value will be shown in Examples described later.
- optical scale in the present disclosure may be for a rotary encoder or a linear encoder.
- the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder a light source that irradiates the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder with light having a wavelength ⁇ , and the reflected light from the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder of the light source.
- a reflection type optical encoder characterized by comprising an optical detector for detecting the above.
- FIG. 7 (a) is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the reflective optical encoder of the present disclosure
- FIG. 7 (b) is an optical having an optical scale 10 including the low reflection region 11 of FIG. 1 (a).
- the reflective optical encoder 100 in the present disclosure includes the above-mentioned reflective optical scale 10 for an encoder, and further includes a light source 31 and a photodetector 32. Further, a fixed slit 33 may be included between the photodetector 32 and the reflective optical scale 10 for the encoder. By providing the fixed slit 33, the change in the amount of light received by the photodetector 32 becomes large, and the detection sensitivity can be improved.
- the fixed slit 33 may be provided between the light source 31 and the reflective optical scale 10 for an encoder.
- the reflective optical encoder 100 in the present disclosure has a large difference between the reflectance in the high reflection region and the reflectance in the low reflection region, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection of the photodetector 32. As a result, the reflective optical encoder 100 can easily read the optical scale 10 and has good encoder characteristics.
- FIG. 7 shows a rotary encoder, it may be a linear encoder.
- the reflective optical scale for an encoder of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
- Reflective Optical Scale for Encoder The reflective optical scale for the encoder is the same as that described in the above-mentioned "A. Reflective Optical Scale for Encoder (First Embodiment)". , The description here is omitted.
- the light source is, for example, an LED (light emitting diode) or a laser.
- the wavelength ⁇ of the light L1 emitted from the light source is, for example, a green to infrared (about 500 to 1000 nm) region.
- the low reflectance region on the optical scale in the present disclosure can reduce the reflectance of light in these wavelength regions, but in particular, the reflectance of light in the red to infrared (about 600 to 1000 nm) region. It is more effective to reduce.
- the incident angle of the light L1 with respect to the optical scale 10 is, for example, 5 ° or more and 45 ° or less. As shown in FIG. 7B, the incident angle ⁇ is an angle formed by the perpendicular line P on the surface of the base material and the emission direction of the light L1 from the light source.
- the photodetector detects the light L2 reflected by the optical scale.
- the photodetector includes, for example, a light receiving element (eg, a photoelectric conversion element) such as a photodiode or an image pickup device.
- the reflective optical scale for an encoder of the present embodiment is a reflective optical scale for an encoder in which high reflection regions and low reflection regions are alternately arranged on a transparent base material, and the low reflection region is the above.
- the high-reflection region includes a light-reflecting portion having a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film formed on a transparent base material in no particular order and a chromium oxide film or a metal chromium film formed on the chromium nitride.
- the reflective optical scale for an encoder is characterized in that the reflectance of light incident from the transparent base material side is higher than that in the low reflection region.
- the second embodiment in the present disclosure is an embodiment in which light is incident from the transparent substrate side of the optical scale.
- a light reflecting portion having a three-layer structure of a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film formed in random order from the transparent base material side and a metal chromium film as a low reflection region.
- the reflectance at any wavelength in the range of 550 nm to 950 nm in the low reflection region of the light incident from the transparent substrate side is preferably 10% or less. It can be reduced to 5% or less, and the difference between the reflectance in the high reflection region and the reflectance in the low reflection region can be increased.
- light reflection including a two-layer structure of a metal chromium film and a chromium oxide film, a two-layer structure of a metal chromium film and a chromium nitride film, and a combination of another metal film and at least one of a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film.
- the reflectance in the low reflection region cannot be sufficiently reduced.
- a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film can be easily formed by using reactive sputtering or the like. Further, high-definition patterning can be easily performed as compared with the silicon oxide film.
- the reflective surface is covered with glass, it has the advantage that it is not easily damaged from the outside and the reflective surface can be easily cleaned.
- a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film formed on a transparent substrate in no particular order and a chromium oxide film or a metallic chromium film formed on a chromium nitride are referred to as oxidation from the transparent substrate side. It means that the chromium film, the chromium nitride film, and the metal chromium film may be formed in this order, or the chromium nitride film, the chromium oxide film, and the metal chromium film may be formed in this order.
- FIGS. 4A and 4 (b) are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a reflective optical scale for an encoder according to the present embodiment.
- the high reflection region 22 has a metal chromium film 2 formed on a transparent base material, and the metal chromium film 2 reflects light.
- the low reflection region 21 is arranged on the chromium oxide 4 formed on the transparent base material 7, the chromium nitride film 3 arranged on the chromium oxide film 4, and the chromium nitride film 3.
- the light reflecting portion 20A of the first specification composed of a metal chromium film 2 and the like.
- the low reflection region 21 is formed on the chromium nitride 3 formed on the transparent base material 7, the chromium oxide film 4 arranged on the chromium nitride film 3, and the chromium oxide film 4.
- the antireflection film 8 is arranged on the side of the transparent base material 7 opposite to the light reflecting portion.
- the low-reflection region may have a light-reflecting portion.
- the light reflecting portion includes a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film formed on the transparent base material in no particular order, and a chromium oxide film or a metallic chromium film formed on the chromium nitride film.
- the chromium oxide film, the chromium nitride film, and the metal chromium film are arranged in this order from the transparent substrate side (the light reflecting portion of the first specification), or the chromium nitride film, the chromium oxide film, and the metal.
- the chromium films are arranged in this order (light reflecting portion of the second specification), and the metal chromium film is arranged so as to be opposite to the transparent base material on the optical scale.
- the light reflecting portion of the first specification can make the low reflection region lower reflection, which is preferable.
- the chromium oxide film of this specification is formed on a transparent substrate.
- the film thickness of the chromium oxide film of the present specification is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm, particularly preferably in the range of 10 nm to 80 nm. If it is within the above range, the reflectance in the low reflection region can be reduced as compared with the case where it is outside the range, and further, the reflectance in the entire green to infrared (about 500 to 1000 nm) region can be reduced. This is because it becomes easy.
- the chromium nitride film of this specification is arranged between the chromium oxide film and the metal chromium film.
- the film thickness TN of the chromium nitride film is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 10 nm to 100 nm, particularly preferably in the range of 15 nm to 80 nm. Further, in the relationship between the thickness T O of the chromium oxide film, when the wavelength is 850nm, the T N and T O and total 30nm or more, when the wavelength is 550nm, the between T N and T O The total is preferably 20 nm or more. Further, since it becomes easy to reduce the reflectance in the entire green to infrared (about 500 to 1000 nm) region, the range of 20 nm to 80 nm is preferable.
- the metallic chromium film of this specification is formed on the opposite side of the chromium nitride film from chromium oxide.
- a protective film may or may not be arranged on the side of the metal chromium film opposite to the chromium nitride film.
- the film thickness of the metallic chromium film is not particularly limited, but is described in the above-mentioned "A.
- the chromium nitride film of this specification is arranged between the chromium oxide film and the transparent substrate.
- the film thickness of the chromium nitride film is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 5 nm to 80 nm, particularly preferably in the range of 10 nm to 60 nm. Further, in the relationship between the thickness T O of the chromium oxide film, when the wavelength is 850nm, the T N and T O and total 30nm or more, when the wavelength is 550nm, the between T N and T O The total is preferably 15 nm or more. Further, the film thickness of the chromium nitride film is preferably in the range of 5 nm to 40 nm because it is easy to reduce the reflectance in the entire green to infrared (about 500 to 1000 nm) region.
- the chromium oxide film of this specification is formed on a transparent substrate.
- the film thickness of the oxide film is not particularly limited, and is preferably in the range of 5 nm to 80 nm, particularly preferably in the range of 10 nm to 60 nm. Further, the film thickness of the chromium oxide film is preferably in the range of 10 nm to 45 nm because it is easy to reduce the reflectance in the entire green to infrared (about 500 to 1000 nm) region.
- (C) Metallic chromium film The metallic chromium film of this specification is formed on the opposite side of the base material of the chromium oxide film.
- a protective film may or may not be arranged on the side of the metal chromium film opposite to the chromium oxide film.
- the film thickness of the metallic chromium film is not particularly limited, but is described in the above-mentioned "A. Reflective optical scale for encoder (first embodiment) (1) Low reflection region (i) Low reflection portion of the first specification". Since it can be the same as that described in the above, the description here is omitted.
- the configuration of the high reflection region in the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the reflectance of light incident from the transparent base material side of the reflective optical scale for encoder is higher than that of the low reflection region.
- the reflectance at any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm in the high reflection region is preferably 60% or more, particularly 80% or more, particularly 90% or more.
- the highly reflective region in FIGS. 4A and 4B has a metallic chromium film arranged on a transparent substrate, and the transparent substrate and the metallic chromium film reflect light.
- the total light transmittance with respect to the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm is preferably 80% or more, particularly 85% or more, particularly 90% or more.
- the thickness of the transparent base material may be any thickness as long as it can exhibit desired light transmission, and is preferably in the range of 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm, for example.
- glass a transparent resin substrate, etc.
- glass is preferable. This is because glass has high strength, a small coefficient of linear expansion, and can suppress dimensional changes due to temperature changes in the usage environment.
- the transparent resin substrate include polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), acrylic, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, polyetherimide, and poly.
- PP polypropylene
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PC polycarbonate
- acrylic acrylic
- polyvinyl chloride polyvinyl alcohol
- polyimide polyimide
- polyetherimide polyetherimide
- polyetherimide polyetherimide
- the antireflection film 8 may be provided on the transparent base material 7.
- the reflectance in the low reflection region can be further reduced, and the contrast of the image due to the reflected light from the optical scale can be increased.
- the antireflection film may be an organic layer or an inorganic layer as long as it can exhibit a predetermined antireflection function.
- low refraction thin films such as SiO 2 , MgF 2 , Al 2 O 3, and TiO 3 can be mentioned.
- a thin film made of a high refractive index substance hereinafter referred to as a high refractive index film
- a thin film made of a low refractive index substance having a refractive index lower than that of the high refractive index substance hereinafter referred to as a low refractive index film.
- a low refractive index film can be alternately laminated to form a multilayer film.
- a low refractive index film is formed on the most visible side of the multilayer film.
- the number of thin films in the multilayer film and the refractive index of each thin film are not particularly limited.
- the manufacturing method of the optical scale of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but can be manufactured by selective etching or lift-off. Specifically, a chromium nitride film and a chromium oxide film are formed on a transparent substrate by, for example, a sputtering method, and the pattern is formed by photolithography and etching, and then a patterned chromium nitride film and chromium oxide film are formed. By forming the metallic chromium film from above, the optical scale shown in FIG. 4 can be manufactured. The patterning can also be performed by lift-off.
- Modification 1 5 (a) and 5 (b) are schematic cross-sectional views showing an example of a reflective optical scale for an encoder according to the present embodiment.
- the low reflection region 21 in the optical scale 50 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 5 includes the chromium oxide film 4 and the chromium nitride film 3 formed on the transparent base material 7 in no particular order, and the chromium oxide film or the chromium nitride film. It has a light reflecting portion 20 composed of a metal chromium film 2 formed on the top.
- the highly reflective region 22 has a highly reflective metal film 5 formed on a transparent base material, and the transparent base material 7 and the highly reflective metal film 5 reflect light. As shown in FIG.
- the highly reflective metal film 5 when the highly reflective metal film 5 has a property of being susceptible to corrosion, it is preferable to form the protective film 6 on the highly reflective metal film 5. Further, the antireflection film 8 may be provided on the side of the transparent base material 7 opposite to the light reflecting portion 20.
- Modification example 2 6 (a), (b), and (c) are schematic cross-sectional views showing another example of the reflective optical scale for an encoder of the present embodiment.
- the low reflection region 21 is formed on the transparent base material 7 in no particular order, the chromium oxide film 4 and the chromium nitride film 3, and the chromium oxide film.
- it has a light reflecting portion composed of the metal chromium film 2 formed on the chromium nitride.
- the highly reflective region 22 has a metallic chromium film 9 formed in a pattern on a transparent substrate. Further, FIG.
- FIG. 6B shows a case where the highly reflective region 22 has the highly reflective metal film 5 formed in a pattern on the transparent base material.
- an antireflection film 8 may be provided on the side of the transparent substrate 7 of FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) opposite to the light reflecting portion 20 (FIG. 6 (c)). By providing the antireflection film, the contrast of the image due to the reflected light from the optical scale can be further increased.
- a protective film may be provided on the side of the metal chromium film 2 opposite to the chromium nitride film 3 and the chromium oxide film 4.
- the reflective optical scale for the encoder of the present embodiment can reduce the reflectance in the low reflection region, and therefore, the S / N represented by the following equation. It is possible to increase the ratio.
- S / N ratio reflectance in the high reflectance region / reflectance in the low reflectance region
- the reflectance in the high reflectance region and the reflectance in the low reflectance region in the above equation indicate the reflectance at the same wavelength. ..
- the S / N ratio can be 6 or more, and among them, 15 or more, preferably 100 or more, particularly preferably 200 or more.
- the basis for the above S / N ratio value will be shown in Examples described later.
- Optical encoder (second embodiment)
- the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder a light source that irradiates the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder with light having a wavelength ⁇ , and the reflected light from the above-mentioned reflective optical scale for an encoder of the light source.
- a reflection type optical encoder characterized by comprising an optical detector for detecting the above.
- Reflective Optical Scale for Encoder The reflective optical scale for the encoder is the same as that described in the above-mentioned "C. Reflective Optical Scale for Encoder (Second Embodiment)". , The description here is omitted.
- the reflective optical scale for an encoder of the present embodiment is a reflective optical scale for an encoder in which high reflection regions and low reflection regions are alternately arranged on a transparent base material, and the low reflection region is at least It has a low-reflection portion formed by laminating three inorganic layers, has a reflectance of 5% or less in the low-reflection region, and the high-reflection region is formed by laminating at least one inorganic layer.
- the reflectance in the high reflection region is 60% or more, and the value represented by the following formula is 6 or more.
- S / N ratio reflectance in the high reflectance region / reflectance in the low reflectance region
- the reflectance in the high reflectance region and the reflectance in the low reflectance region in the above equation indicate the reflectance at the same wavelength. ..
- the low-reflection portion constituting the low-reflection region in the present embodiment is a stack of at least three inorganic layers.
- Such an inorganic layer may be a metal layer or a metal compound such as a metal oxide or a metal nitride.
- Examples of the material constituting such an inorganic layer include metallic chromium, chromium oxide, chromium nitride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium fluoride and the like.
- the reflectance at any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm is 5% or less, and particularly preferably 1% or less.
- the configuration of the high reflection region is not particularly limited, and any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm may have a reflectance of 60% or more.
- any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm may have a reflectance of 60% or more.
- the reflectance at any wavelength in the wavelength region of 550 nm to 950 nm in the high reflection region is 60% or more, particularly preferably 80% or more, and particularly preferably 90% & or more.
- the S / N ratio in this embodiment may be 6 or more, particularly 15 or more, preferably 100 or more, and particularly preferably 200 or more.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the above embodiment is an example, and any one having substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and exhibiting the same effect and effect is the present invention. It is included in the technical scope of the invention.
- Example 1 When the low reflection portion has the first specification in the first embodiment (FIG. 1 (a)), the film thicknesses of the chromium oxide film 4 and the chromium nitride film 3 of the low reflection portion 20 are changed (metal chromium film 2).
- FIG. 8 (a) In FIG. 8, ⁇ is a reflectance of 20% or less, ⁇ is a reflectance of 10% or less, and ⁇ is a reflectance of 5% or less.
- the thickness of the chromium oxide film is 50 nm
- the thickness of the chromium nitride film is 30 nm
- the thickness of the metal chromium film is 100 nm.
- Example 1 the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the highly reflective region where the metal chromium film 2 was arranged was 64.1%. Further, the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the low reflection region where the film thickness of each layer was adjusted to the above value was 0.3%. The S / N ratio in this case was 214.
- the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the highly reflective region where silver was arranged as the highly reflective metal film instead of the metal chromium film 2 was 91.1%.
- the S / N ratio in this case was 304.
- Example 2 When the low reflection portion has the first specification in the second embodiment (FIG. 4A), the thicknesses of the chromium oxide film and the chromium nitride film of the low reflection portion 20 are changed (thickness of the metal chromium film). Setting: 100 nm), the reflectance when light having a wavelength of 850 nm was incident on the low reflection region from the transparent base material (glass) was calculated by simulation. The results are shown in FIG. 9 (a). Further, FIG. 9B shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance when the thickness of the chromium oxide film is 25 nm, the thickness of the chromium nitride film is 45 nm, and the thickness of the metal chromium film is 100 nm.
- the film thickness of the metallic chromium film here indicates the film thickness in the low reflection region 21, and the metallic chromium arranged on the surface of the chromium nitride 3 on the opposite side of the chromium oxide 4 in the low reflection region 21.
- the film thickness of 2 is shown.
- Example 2 the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the highly reflective region where the metal chromium film 2 was arranged was 70.0%. Further, the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the low reflection region where the film thickness of each layer was adjusted to the above value was 4.1%. The S / N ratio in this case was 17.
- the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the highly reflective region where silver was arranged as the highly reflective metal film instead of the metal chromium film 2 was 97.0%.
- the S / N ratio in this case was 24.
- Example 3 When the low-reflection portion has the second specification in the first embodiment (FIG. 1 (b)), the film thicknesses of the chromium oxide film and the chromium nitride film of the low-reflection portion are changed (thickness setting of the metal chromium film). : 100 nm), the reflectance when light having a wavelength of 850 nm was incident on the low reflection region from the opposite side of the glass was calculated by simulation. The results are shown in FIG. 10 (a). FIG.
- 10B shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance when the thickness of the chromium oxide film is 20 nm, the thickness of the chromium nitride film is 40 nm, and the thickness of the metal chromium film is 100 nm.
- Example 3 the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the highly reflective region where the metal chromium film 2 was arranged was 64.1%. Further, the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the low reflection region where the film thickness of each layer was adjusted to the above value was 0.6%. The S / N ratio in this case was 107.
- the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the highly reflective region where silver was arranged as the highly reflective metal film instead of the metal chromium film 2 was 91.1%.
- the S / N ratio in this case was 152.
- Example 4 When the low reflection portion has the second specification in the second embodiment (FIG. 4B), the thickness of the chromium oxide film and the chromium nitride film of the low reflection portion is changed (thickness setting of the metal chromium film). : 100 nm), the reflectance when light having a wavelength of 850 nm from the glass side was incident on the low reflection region was calculated by simulation. The results are shown in FIG. 11 (a). Further, FIG. 11B shows the wavelength dependence of the reflectance when the thickness of the chromium oxide film is 40 nm, the film thickness of the chromium nitride film is 20 nm, and the film thickness of the metal chromium film is 100 nm.
- the film thickness of the metallic chromium film here indicates the film thickness in the low reflection region 21, and the metallic chromium arranged on the surface of the chromium oxide 4 on the surface opposite to the chromium nitride 3 in the low reflection region 21.
- the film thickness of 2 is shown.
- Example 4 the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the highly reflective region where the metal chromium film 2 was arranged was 70.0%. Further, the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the low reflection region where the film thickness of each layer was adjusted to the above value was 4.1%. The S / N ratio in this case was 17.
- the reflectance (wavelength 850 nm) in the highly reflective region where silver was arranged as the highly reflective metal film instead of the metal chromium film 2 was 97.0%.
- the S / N ratio in this case was 24.
- FIG. 15B As shown in FIG. 15B, when a thin film multilayer film having a chromium oxide film 54 and a metal chromium film 52 in this order is formed on the glass 51 to form a low reflection region, light incident from the glass side is emitted.
- the reflectance (vertical axis) in the low reflection region was simulated according to the film thickness (horizontal axis) of chromium oxide. The results when the film thickness of the metallic chromium film is 100 nm are shown in FIG. 15 (a).
- Base material 2 Metallic chromium film 3 . Chromium nitride film 4 ... Chromium oxide film 20 ... Low reflection portion 11 ... Low reflection region (first embodiment) 12 ... High reflection region (first embodiment) 21 ... Low reflection region (second embodiment) 22 ... High reflection region (second embodiment)
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
Abstract
Description
S/N比=高反射領域の反射率/低反射領域の反射率
なお、上記式における高反射領域の反射率、および低反射領域の反射率は、同一波長での反射率を示すものである。
S/N比=高反射領域の反射率/低反射領域の反射率
なお、上記式における高反射領域の反射率、および低反射領域の反射率は、同一波長での反射率を示すものである。
S/N比=高反射領域の反射率/低反射領域の反射率
本実施形態のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールは、基材上に高反射領域と低反射領域とが交互に配置されたエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールであって、上記低反射領域は、上記基材上に形成された金属クロム膜と、上記金属クロム膜上に順不同に形成された、酸化クロム膜及び窒化クロム膜と、からなる低反射部を含み、上記高反射領域は、上記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの上記基材とは反対側から入射する光の反射率が上記低反射領域よりも高いことを特徴とする。
本明細書内において上記反射率は、計測装置としてScanning Spectrophotometer UV‐3100PC(島津製作所製)を用い、測定することで得られる。
本開示における低反射領域は、低反射部を有している。低反射部は、基材上に形成された金属クロム膜と、上記金属クロム膜上に順不同に形成された、酸化クロム膜及び窒化クロム膜と、からなる。具体的には、金属クロム膜、窒化クロム膜、酸化クロム膜がこの順に配置されたもの、または、金属クロム膜、酸化クロム膜、窒化クロム膜がこの順に配置されたものであり、光学式スケールにおいて、金属クロム膜が基材側となるように配置される。低反射領域の最表面は、低反射部の酸化クロム膜又は窒化クロム膜の表面であることが好ましく、特に、酸化クロム膜の表面であることが好ましい。より効果的に、低反射領域での反射率を低減することができるからである。
本仕様の低反射部は、基材側から、金属クロム膜、窒化クロム膜、酸化クロム膜がこの順に配置されている。本仕様の低反射部を有する低反射領域は、光源から照射された光の波長領域550nm~950nmの範囲内のいずれかの波長における反射率を5%以下、特に0.5%以下まで下げることができるとともに、波長変化に対する反射率変化が緩やかであり、反射率の制御が容易となる。以下、各層について詳細に説明する。
本仕様においては、金属クロム膜は基板上に設けられている。金属クロム膜は、金属クロムからなる層である。金属クロム膜は、実質的に光源から照射された光を透過しない層であり、透過率が1.0%以下であることが好ましい。透過率は、(株)島津製作所製の分光光度計(MPC-3100)等を用いて測定することができる。
膜厚は、例えば、40nm以上、好ましくは、70nm以上である。
本仕様における窒化クロム膜は、金属クロム膜と酸化クロム膜との間に配置されている。窒化クロム膜は、酸化窒化クロムや酸化窒化炭化クロム等とは異なり、その主成分がクロム及び窒素であり、クロム及び窒素以外の不純物を実質的に含有しない。
酸化クロム膜は、窒化クロム膜上に形成されており、その主成分がクロム及び酸素であり、酸化窒化クロムや酸化窒化炭化クロム等とは異なり、クロム及び酸素以外の不純物を実質的に含有しない。
また、酸化クロムの膜厚(TO)は、窒化クロム膜の膜厚(TN)との合計膜厚が上記「(i)第一仕様の低反射部 (b)窒化クロム膜で記載した範囲となることが好ましい。更には、酸化クロム膜の膜厚(TO)は、緑色~赤外(500~1000nm程度)領域全域における反射率を低減することが容易となるため、10nm~65nmの範囲内が好ましい。
本仕様の低反射部は、基材側から、金属クロム膜、酸化クロム膜、窒化クロム膜がこの順に配置されている。本仕様の低反射部を有する低反射領域は、光源から照射された光の波長領域550nm~950nmの範囲内のいずれかの波長における反射率を5%以下、特に1%以下まで下げることができる。
以下、各層について詳細に説明する。
本仕様における金属クロム膜は、基材上に形成されている。金属クロム膜の詳細は上述した「(ii)第一仕様の低反射部 (a)金属クロム膜」と同様であるため、ここでの説明は省略する。
本仕様における酸化クロム膜は、金属クロム膜と窒化クロム膜との間に配置されている。膜厚は、特に限定されないが、例えば、好ましくは5nm~60nm、特に10nm~50nmの範囲内であることが好ましい。
さらに、後述する窒化クロム膜の膜厚との関係を満たすことが好ましい。より確実に、低反射領域の波長領域550nm~950nmの範囲内のいずれかの波長における反射率を10%以下、特には5%以下と低くすることができるからである。
本仕様の窒化クロム膜は、酸化クロム膜上に形成されている。本仕様の窒化クロム膜の膜厚は特に限定されないが、例えば、好ましくは5nm~100nmの範囲内、特に10nm~80nmの範囲内であることが好ましい。更に、酸化クロム膜の膜厚(TO)との関係において、波長が850nmの場合には、TNとTOとの合計が30nm以上、波長が550nmの場合には、TNとTOとの合計が15nm以上であることが好ましい。更には、本仕様の窒化クロム膜の膜厚(TN)は、緑色~赤外(500~1000nm程度)領域全域における反射率を低減することが容易となるため、10nm~60nmの範囲内が好ましい。
本開示において、基材に用いられる材料としては、例えば、ガラス、金属、樹脂、シリコン等を用いることができるが、中でもガラスを用いたガラス基板であることが好ましい。ガラスは、線膨張係数が小さく、使用環境の温度変化に伴う寸法変化を抑制することができるからである。基材の形状は、限定されるものではなく、例えば、ロータリーエンコーダに用いられるものは、その形状を平面視で略円形とし、リニアエンコーダに用いられるものは、その形状を平面視で略長方形とすることができる。
本実施形態における高反射領域は、エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの基材側とは反対側から入射する光の反射率が低反射領域よりも高ければ、その構成は特に限定されない。高反射領域における光の波長領域550nm~950nmの範囲内のいずれかの波長における反射率は、60%以上、中でも80%以上、特には90%以上であることが好ましい。例えば、図1における高反射領域12は、基材1の上に配された金属クロム膜2を有し、金属クロム膜によって光を反射する。
本実施形態の光学式スケールの製造方法は特に限定されないが、選択エッチングやリフトオフによって製造することができる。具体的には、基材上に、例えば、スパッタ法等により、金属クロム膜を形成し、その後、窒化クロム膜及び酸化クロム膜を形成する。次に、窒化クロム膜及び酸化クロム膜をフォトリソグラフィ及びエッチングによってパターニングすることで、図1に示す光学式スケールを製造することができる。
図2は、本実施形態のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの別の一例を示す概略断面図である。図2に示す本実施形態の光学式スケール10は、基材1上に高反射領域12と低反射領域11とが交互に配置されている。基材1上には、高反射金属膜5および保護膜6がこの順に形成されている。
上記高反射金属膜としては、高反射率を有する金属から構成されていることが好ましく、例えば、銀、アルミニウム、ロジウム、クロムおよびこれらの金属を主成分とする合金等が挙げられる。また近赤外領域にて特に反射率の高い金属膜として、金、銅およびこれらの金属を主成分とする合金等が挙げられる。
上記高反射金属膜が腐食を受けやすい性質を有する場合、高反射金属膜上に保護膜を形成することが好ましい。保護膜としては、一般的な光学機能部材の保護膜として用いられる材料と同様とすることができ、例えば、感光性ポリイミド樹脂、エポキシ樹脂およびアクリル樹脂等の光硬化型樹脂または熱硬化型樹脂、および無機材料等が挙げられる。また、その他の材料として、重合開始剤や各種添加剤等が挙げられる。保護膜の厚みについては、適宜選択することができる。また、保護膜の形成方法については、例えば、スピンコート法、ダイコート法等の公知の塗布方法を挙げることができる。
図3(a)、(b)は、本実施形態のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの別の一例を示す概略断面図である。図3(a)に示す本実施形態の光学式スケール10は、基材1と、金属クロム膜2と、金属クロム膜2上に順不同に形成された、窒化クロム膜3及び酸化クロム膜4とを含む積層体上に、パターン状に形成された金属クロム膜9が形成された態様である。
本実施形態のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールは、上述した通り、低反射領域の反射率を低減することが可能となることから、下記式で表されるS/N比を高くすることを可能とする。
S/N比=高反射領域の反射率/低反射領域の反射率
なお、上記式における高反射領域の反射率、および低反射領域の反射率は、同一波長での反射率を示すものである。
上記S/N比の値の根拠については、後述する実施例において示す。
本開示における光学式スケールは、ロータリーエンコーダ用であってもよいし、リニアエンコーダ用であってもよい。
本開示においては、上述したエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールと、上記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールに波長λの光を照射する光源と、上記光源の上記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールからの反射光を検出する光検出器と、を備えることを特徴とする反射型光学式エンコーダを提供する。
更に、光検出器32とエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール10との間に固定スリット33を含んでもよい。固定スリット33を設けることで、光検出器32が受光する光量の変化が大きくなり検出感度を向上させることができる。固定スリット33は、光源31とエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール10との間に設けてもよい。
エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールとしては、上述した「A.エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール(第一実施形態)」の項で説明したものと同様であるため、ここでの説明は省略する。
光源としては、例えばLED(発光ダイオード)やレーザー等である。光源から照射される光L1の波長λは、例えば、緑色~赤外(500~1000nm程度)領域である。
本開示における光学式スケールにおける低反射領域は、これらの波長領域の光の反射率を低減することが可能であるが、特に、赤色~赤外(600~1000nm程度)領域の光の反射率を低減することがより効果的である。
光検出器は、光学式スケールで反射された光L2を検出する。光検出器は、例えば、フォトダイオードや撮像素子などの受光素子(例、光電変換素子)を含む。
本実施形態のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールは、透明基材上に高反射領域と低反射領域とが交互に配置されたエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールであって、上記低反射領域は、上記透明基材上に順不同に形成された酸化クロム膜及び窒化クロム膜と、上記酸化クロム膜又は上記窒化クロム上に形成された金属クロム膜と、を有する光反射部を含み、上記高反射領域は、上記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの上記透明基材側から入射する光の反射率が上記低反射領域よりも高い、ことを特徴とする。
低反射領域は光反射部を有していればよい。光反射部は、透明基材上に順不同に形成された酸化クロム膜及び窒化クロム膜と、上記酸化クロム膜又は上記窒化クロム上に形成された金属クロム膜と、からなる。具体的には、透明基材側から、酸化クロム膜、窒化クロム膜、金属クロム膜がこの順に配置されたもの(第一仕様の光反射部)、または、窒化クロム膜、酸化クロム膜、金属クロム膜がこの順に配置されたもの(第二仕様の光反射部)であり、光学式スケールにおいて、金属クロム膜が透明基材と反対側となるように配置される。
本実施形態においては、第一仕様の光反射部が低反射領域をより低反射とすることが可能であるので、好ましい。
本仕様における光反射部は、透明基材側から、酸化クロム膜、窒化クロム膜、金属クロム膜がこの順に配置されたものである。酸化クロム膜、窒化クロム膜、金属クロム膜の組成や形成方法は、上述の「A.エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール(第一実施形態) (1)低反射領域 (i)第一仕様の低反射部」の項で説明したものと同様とすることができるため、ここでの説明は省略する。
本仕様の酸化クロム膜は、透明基材上に形成されている。本仕様の酸化クロム膜の膜厚は、特に限定されないが、例えば、好ましくは5nm~100nmの範囲内、特に10nm~80nmの範囲内であることが好ましい。上記範囲内であれば、範囲外である場合に比べ、低反射領域における反射率を低減することができ、更に、緑色~赤外(500~1000nm程度)領域全域における反射率を低減することが容易となるからである。
本仕様の窒化クロム膜は、酸化クロム膜と金属クロム膜との間に配置されている。窒化クロム膜の膜厚TNは特に限定されないが、好ましくは10nm~100nmの範囲内、特に15nm~80nmの範囲内であることが好ましい。
また、酸化クロム膜の膜厚TOとの関係において、波長が850nmの場合には、TNとTOとの合計が30nm以上、波長が550nmの場合には、TNとTOとの合計が20nm以上であることが好ましい。更には、緑色~赤外(500~1000nm程度)領域全域における反射率を低減することが容易となるため、20nm~80nmの範囲内が好ましい。
本仕様の金属クロム膜は、窒化クロム膜の酸化クロムとは反対側に形成されている。金属クロム膜の窒化クロム膜とは反対側には、保護膜を配置してもよいし、配置しなくてもよい。金属クロム膜の膜厚は、特に限定されないが、上述の「A.エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール(第一実施形態) (1)低反射領域 (i)第一仕様の低反射部」の項で説明したものと同様とすることができるため、ここでの説明は省略する。
本仕様における光反射部は、透明基材側から、窒化クロム膜、酸化クロム膜、金属クロム膜がこの順に配置されたものである。窒化クロム膜、酸化クロム膜、金属クロム膜の組成や形成方法は、上述の「A.エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール(第一実施形態) (1)低反射領域 (i)第一仕様の低反射部」の項で説明したものと同様とすることができるため、ここでの説明は省略する。
本仕様の窒化クロム膜は、酸化クロム膜と透明基材との間に配置されている。窒化クロム膜の膜厚は特に限定されないが、好ましくは5nm~80nmの範囲内、特に10nm~60nmの範囲内であることが好ましい。また、酸化クロム膜の膜厚TOとの関係において、波長が850nmの場合には、TNとTOとの合計が30nm以上、波長が550nmの場合には、TNとTOとの合計が15nm以上であることが好ましい。更には、窒化クロム膜の膜厚は、緑色~赤外(500~1000nm程度)領域全域における反射率を低減することが容易となるため、5nm~40nmの範囲内が好ましい。
本仕様の酸化クロム膜は、透明基材上に形成されている。酸化膜の膜厚としては特に限定されず、好ましくは5nm~80nmの範囲内、特に10nm~60nmの範囲内であることが好ましい。更には、酸化クロム膜の膜厚は、緑色~赤外(500~1000nm程度)領域全域における反射率を低減することが容易となるため、10nm~45nmの範囲内が好ましい。
本仕様の金属クロム膜は、酸化クロム膜の基材とは反対側に形成されている。金属クロム膜の酸化クロム膜とは反対側には、保護膜を配置してもよいし、配置しなくてもよい。金属クロム膜の膜厚は、特に限定されないが、上述の「A.エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール(第一実施形態) (1)低反射領域 (i)第一仕様の低反射部」の項で説明したものと同様とすることができるため、ここでの説明は省略する。
本実施形態における高反射領域は、エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの透明基材側から入射する光の反射率が低反射領域よりも高ければ、その構成は特に限定されない。高反射領域における光の波長領域550nm~950nmの範囲内のいずれかの波長における反射率は、60%以上、中でも80%以上、特には90%以上であることが好ましい。例えば、図4(a)、(b)における高反射領域は、透明基材の上に配された金属クロム膜を有し、透明基材及び金属クロム膜によって光を反射する。
透明基材としては、波長領域550nm~950nmに対する全光線透過率が80%以上、中でも85%以上、特に90%以上であることが好ましい。透明基材の厚さとしては、所望の光透過性を示すことが可能な厚さであればよく、例えば、0.1mm~2.0mmの範囲内が好ましい。
本実施形態では、図4(c)に示すように、透明基材7上に、反射防止膜8を設けても良い。反射防止膜を設けることにより、より一層、低反射領域における反射率を低減することができ、光学式スケールからの反射光による像のコントラストを高くすることができる。
本実施形態の光学式スケールの製造方法は特に限定されないが、選択エッチングやリフトオフによって製造することができる。具体的には、透明基材上に、例えば、スパッタ法等により、窒化クロム膜及び酸化クロム膜を形成し、フォトリソグラフィ及びエッチングによってパターニングし、その後、パターン状の窒化クロム膜及び酸化クロム膜の上から、金属クロム膜を形成することで、図4に示す光学式スケールを製造することができる。また、上記パターニングは、リフトオフにより行うこともできる。
図5(a)、(b)は、本実施形態のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの一例を示す概略断面図である。図5に示す本実施形態の光学式スケール50における低反射領域21は、上記透明基材7上に順不同に形成された酸化クロム膜4及び窒化クロム膜3と、上記酸化クロム膜又は上記窒化クロム上に形成された金属クロム膜2と、からなる光反射部20を有する。高反射領域22は、透明基材上に形成された高反射金属膜5を有し、透明基材7と高反射金属膜5とで光を反射する。図5(b)に示すように、高反射金属膜5が腐食を受けやすい性質を有する場合には、高反射金属膜5上に保護膜6を形成することが好ましい。また、透明基材7の光反射部20とは反対側に、反射防止膜8を設けても良い。
図6(a)、(b)、(c)は、本実施形態のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの他の例を示す概略断面図である。図6(a)に示す本実施形態の光学式スケール50は、低反射領域21が、上記透明基材7上に順不同に形成された酸化クロム膜4及び窒化クロム膜3と、上記酸化クロム膜又は上記窒化クロム上に形成された金属クロム膜2と、からなる光反射部を有する。高反射領域22は、透明基材上にパターン状に形成された金属クロム膜9を有する。また、図6(b)は、高反射領域22が、透明基材上にパターン状に形成された高反射金属膜5を有する場合である。また、図6(a)、(b)の透明基板7の光反射部20とは反対側には、反射防止膜8を設けても良い(図6(c))。反射防止膜を設けることにより、より一層、光学式スケールからの反射光による像のコントラストを高くすることができる。更に、金属クロム膜2の、窒化クロム膜3及び酸化クロム膜4とは反対側には、保護膜を設けてもよい。
本実施形態のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールは、上述した通り、低反射領域の反射率を低減することが可能となることから、下記式で表されるS/N比を高くすることを可能とする。
S/N比=高反射領域の反射率/低反射領域の反射率
なお、上記式における高反射領域の反射率、および低反射領域の反射率は、同一波長での反射率を示すものである。
上記S/N比の値の根拠については、後述する実施例において示す。
本開示においては、上述したエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールと、上記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールに波長λの光を照射する光源と、上記光源の上記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールからの反射光を検出する光検出器と、を備えることを特徴とする反射型光学式エンコーダを提供する。
エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールとしては、上述した「C.エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール(第二実施形態)」の項で説明したものと同様であるため、ここでの説明は省略する。
光源及び光検出器としては、上述した「B.エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール(第一実施形態)」の項で説明したものと同様であるため、ここでの説明は省略する。
本実施形態のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールは、透明基材上に高反射領域と低反射領域とが交互に配置されたエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールであって、上記低反射領域は、少なくとも3層の無機層が積層されてなる低反射部を有し、上記低反射領域における反射率が5%以下であり、上記高反射領域は、少なくとも1層の無機層が積層されてなり、上記高反射領域における反射率が60%以上であり、下記式で表されるの値が、6以上であることを特徴とする。
S/N比=高反射領域の反射率/低反射領域の反射率
なお、上記式における高反射領域の反射率、および低反射領域の反射率は、同一波長での反射率を示すものである。
このような無機層を構成する材料としては、例えば金属クロム、酸化クロム、窒化クロム、酸化ケイ素、酸化アルミニウム、酸化チタン、フッ化マグネシウム等を挙げることができる。
また、上記高反射領域の構成については、特に限定されるものなく、波長領域550nm~950nmの範囲内のいずれかの波長における反射率が、60%以上となるものであればよい。例えば、上記「A.エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール(第一実施形態)」および「C..エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール(第二実施形態)」において説明したもの等を挙げることができる。
本実施形態におけるS/N比は、6以上であればよく、中でも15以上、好ましくは100以上、特に好ましくは、200以上である。
(実施例1)
第一実施形態において低反射部が第一の仕様である場合(図1(a))、低反射部20の酸化クロム膜4及び窒化クロム膜3の膜厚を変化させて(金属クロム膜2の膜厚設定:100nm)、ガラス(基材1)とは反対側から波長850nmの光L1が低反射領域11に入射した場合の反射率をシミュレーションにより算出した。結果を図8(a)に示す。図8中、△は反射率20%以下、〇は反射率10%以下、◎は反射率5%以下である。酸化クロム膜の膜厚が50nm、窒化クロム膜の膜厚が30nm、金属クロム膜の膜厚が100nmの場合における、反射率の波長依存性を図8(b)に示す。
この場合のS/N比は、214であった。
この場合のS/N比は、304であった。
第二実施形態において低反射部が第一の仕様である場合(図4(a))、低反射部20の酸化クロム膜及び窒化クロム膜の膜厚を変化させて(金属クロム膜の膜厚設定:100nm)、透明基材(ガラス)から波長850nmの光が低反射領域に入射した場合の反射率をシミュレーションにより算出した。結果を図9(a)に示す。また、酸化クロム膜の膜厚が25nm、窒化クロム膜の膜厚が45nm、金属クロム膜の膜厚が100nmの場合における、反射率の波長依存性を図9(b)に示す。なお、ここでの金属クロム膜の膜厚は、低反射領域21における膜厚を示すものであり、低反射領域21における窒化クロム3の酸化クロム4とは反対側の表面に配置された金属クロム2の膜厚を示す。
この場合のS/N比は、17であった。
この場合のS/N比は、24であった。
第一実施形態において低反射部が第二の仕様である場合(図1(b))、低反射部の酸化クロム膜及び窒化クロム膜の膜厚を変化させて(金属クロム膜の膜厚設定:100nm)、ガラスとは反対側から波長850nmの光が低反射領域に入射した場合の反射率をシミュレーションにより算出した。結果を図10(a)に示す。酸化クロム膜の膜厚が20nm、窒化クロム膜の膜厚が40nm、金属クロム膜の膜厚が100nmの場合における、反射率の波長依存性を図10(b)に示す。
この場合のS/N比は、107であった。
この場合のS/N比は、152であった。
第二実施形態において低反射部が第二の仕様である場合(図4(b))、低反射部の酸化クロム膜及び窒化クロム膜の膜厚を変化させて(金属クロム膜の膜厚設定:100nm)、ガラス側から波長850nmの光が低反射領域に入射した場合の反射率をシミュレーションにより算出した。結果を図11(a)に示す。また、酸化クロム膜の膜厚が40nm、窒化クロム膜の膜厚が20nm、金属クロム膜の膜厚が100nmの場合における、反射率の波長依存性を図11(b)に示す。なお、ここでの金属クロム膜の膜厚は、低反射領域21における膜厚を示すものであり、低反射領域21における酸化クロム4の窒化クロム3とは反対側の表面に配置された金属クロム2の膜厚を示す。
この場合のS/N比は、17であった。
この場合のS/N比は、24であった。
図12(b)に示すように、ガラス51上に、金属クロム膜52及び窒化クロム膜53をこの順に有する薄膜多層膜を形成して低反射領域とした場合の、ガラスと反対側から入射した光の低反射領域の反射率(縦軸)を、窒化クロムの膜厚(横軸)に応じてシミュレーションで算出した。波長は550nm、650nm、750nm、850nmとした。金属クロム膜の膜厚が100nmの場合における結果を図12(a)に示す。
図13(b)に示すように、ガラス51上に、金属クロム膜52及び酸化クロム膜54をこの順に有する薄膜多層膜を形成して低反射領域とした場合の、ガラスと反対側から入射した光の低反射領域の反射率(縦軸)を、酸化クロムの膜厚(横軸)に応じてシミュレーションを行った。金属クロム膜の膜厚が100nmの場合における結果を図13(a)に示す。
図14(b)に示すように、ガラス51上に、窒化クロム膜53及び金属クロム膜52をこの順に有する薄膜多層膜を形成して低反射領域とした場合の、ガラス側から入射した光の低反射領域の反射率(縦軸)を、窒化クロムの膜厚(横軸)に応じてシミュレーションを行った。金属クロム膜の膜厚が100nmの場合における結果を図14(a)に示す。
図15(b)に示すように、ガラス51上に、酸化クロム膜54及び金属クロム膜52をこの順に有する薄膜多層膜を形成して低反射領域とした場合の、ガラス側から入射した光の低反射領域の反射率(縦軸)を、酸化クロムの膜厚(横軸)に応じてシミュレーションを行った。金属クロム膜の膜厚が100nmの場合における結果を図15(a)に示す。
2 … 金属クロム膜
3 … 窒化クロム膜
4 … 酸化クロム膜
20 … 低反射部
11 … 低反射領域(第一実施形態)
12 … 高反射領域(第一実施形態)
21 … 低反射領域(第二実施形態)
22 … 高反射領域(第二実施形態)
Claims (15)
- 基材上に高反射領域と低反射領域とが交互に配置されたエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールであって、
前記低反射領域は、前記基材の一方の表面に配置された金属クロム膜と、前記金属クロム膜の前記基材とは反対側の表面に順不同に配置された、酸化クロム膜及び窒化クロム膜と、を有する低反射部を含み、
前記高反射領域は、前記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの前記基材とは反対側から入射する光の反射率が前記低反射領域よりも高い、エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。 - 前記低反射領域の最表面が、前記酸化クロム膜又は前記窒化クロム膜である、請求項1に記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
- 前記低反射領域は、前記金属クロム膜と、前記金属クロム膜の前記基材とは反対側の表面に配置された前記窒化クロム膜と、前記窒化クロム膜の前記金属クロム膜とは反対側の表面に配置された前記酸化クロム膜とを有する請求項1または請求項2に記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
- 前記高反射領域は、前記基材上に形成された前記金属クロム膜を有する、請求項1から請求項3までのいずれかに記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
- 前記高反射領域は、前記基材上に形成された、金属銀膜または銀を主成分とする銀合金膜を有する、請求項1から請求項3までのいずれかに記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
- 前記高反射領域の波長領域550nm~950nmの範囲内のいずれかの波長における反射率が、60%以上であり、下記式で表されるS/N比の値が、100以上である、請求項1から請求項5までのいずれかに記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
S/N比=高反射領域の反射率/低反射領域の反射率 - 請求項1から請求項6のいずれかに記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールと、
前記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの前記低反射部が配置された側の表面に光を照射する光源と、
前記光源の前記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールからの反射光を検出する光検出器と、を備えることを特徴とする反射型光学式エンコーダ。 - 透明基材上に高反射領域と低反射領域とが交互に配置されたエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールであって、
前記低反射領域は、前記透明基材の一方の表面に順不同に配置された酸化クロム膜及び窒化クロム膜と、前記酸化クロム膜又は前記窒化クロム膜の前記基材とは反対側の表面に配置された金属クロム膜と、を有するの光反射部を含み、
前記高反射領域は、前記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの前記透明基材側から入射する光の反射率が前記低反射領域よりも高い、エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。 - 前記低反射領域は、前記透明基材の一方の表面に配置された前記酸化クロム膜と、前記酸化クロム膜の前記透明基板とは反対側の表面に配置された前記窒化クロム膜と、前記窒化クロム膜の前記酸化クロム膜とは反対側の表面に配置された前記金属クロム膜と、を有する請求項8に記載の反射型光学式エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
- 前記高反射領域は、前記透明基材の前記光反射部が配置された側の表面に配置された前記金属クロム膜を有する、請求項8または請求項9に記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
- 前記高反射領域は、前記透明基材の前記光反射部が配置された側の表面に配置された金属銀膜または銀を主成分とする銀合金膜を有する、請求項8または請求項9に記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
- 前記高反射領域の波長領域550nm~950nmの範囲内のいずれかの波長における反射率が、60%以上であり、下記式で表されるS/N比の値が、15以上である、請求項8から請求項11までのいずれかに記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
S/N比=高反射領域の反射率/低反射領域の反射率 - 請求項8から請求項12のいずれか1項に記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールと、
前記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの前記光反射部が配置された側とは反対側の表面に光を照射する光源と、
前記光源の前記エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールからの反射光を検出する光検出器と、を備えることを特徴とする反射型光学式エンコーダ。 - 透明基材上に高反射領域と低反射領域とが交互に配置されたエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールであって、
前記低反射領域は、少なくとも3層の無機層が積層されてなる低反射部を有し、前記低反射領域における反射率が5%以下であり、
前記高反射領域は、少なくとも1層の無機層が積層されてなり、前記高反射領域における反射率が60%以上であり、
下記式で表されるS/N比の値が、6以上である、エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
S/N比=高反射領域の反射率/低反射領域の反射率 - 前記S/N比の値が、15以上である、請求項14に記載のエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール。
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21781404.5A EP4130683B1 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2021-03-30 | Reflection-type optical encoder scale and reflection-type optical encoder |
| US17/906,272 US12188795B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2021-03-30 | Reflection-type optical encoder scale including a high reflection region and a low reflection region having a low reflection portion including a metallic chromium film, a chromium oxide film, and a chromium nitride film, and reflection-type optical encoder including same |
| CN202210449227.9A CN114674233A (zh) | 2020-03-31 | 2021-03-30 | 编码器用反射型光学标尺和反射型光学式编码器 |
| CN202180005583.5A CN114450553A (zh) | 2020-03-31 | 2021-03-30 | 编码器用反射型光学标尺和反射型光学式编码器 |
| JP2022512584A JP7574845B2 (ja) | 2020-03-31 | 2021-03-30 | エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール及び反射型光学式エンコーダ |
| US18/795,338 US20240393143A1 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2024-08-06 | Reflection-type optical encoder scale and reflection-type optical encoder |
| JP2024181536A JP7782644B2 (ja) | 2020-03-31 | 2024-10-17 | エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール及び反射型光学式エンコーダ |
| US18/964,767 US20250116537A1 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2024-12-02 | Reflection-type optical encoder scale including a high reflection region and a low reflection region having a light reflection portion including a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film, and reflection-type optical encoder including same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020063476 | 2020-03-31 | ||
| JP2020-063476 | 2020-03-31 |
Related Child Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US17/906,272 A-371-Of-International US12188795B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2021-03-30 | Reflection-type optical encoder scale including a high reflection region and a low reflection region having a low reflection portion including a metallic chromium film, a chromium oxide film, and a chromium nitride film, and reflection-type optical encoder including same |
| US18/795,338 Continuation US20240393143A1 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2024-08-06 | Reflection-type optical encoder scale and reflection-type optical encoder |
| US18/964,767 Division US20250116537A1 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2024-12-02 | Reflection-type optical encoder scale including a high reflection region and a low reflection region having a light reflection portion including a chromium oxide film and a chromium nitride film, and reflection-type optical encoder including same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2021201024A1 true WO2021201024A1 (ja) | 2021-10-07 |
Family
ID=77930008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2021/013676 Ceased WO2021201024A1 (ja) | 2020-03-31 | 2021-03-30 | エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール及び反射型光学式エンコーダ |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US12188795B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP4130683B1 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP7574845B2 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN114450553A (ja) |
| TW (2) | TWI856594B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2021201024A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024063131A1 (ja) | 2022-09-22 | 2024-03-28 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール、反射型光学式エンコーダおよびエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール用積層体 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3111979B1 (fr) * | 2020-06-30 | 2023-03-24 | Codechamp | Revetement reflechissant des moyens de reflexion d’un codeur optique et codeur optique ainsi realise |
| US20240085219A1 (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2024-03-14 | Renishaw Plc | Rotary encoder |
| CN119790285A (zh) * | 2022-08-02 | 2025-04-08 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 编码器用反射型光学式标尺、反射型光学式编码器、编码器用反射型光学式标尺的制造方法以及编码器用反射型光学式标尺拼版体 |
| DE102024002189A1 (de) * | 2024-07-05 | 2026-01-08 | Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh | Maßverkörperung und optische Positionsmesseinrichtung mit dieser Maßverkörperung |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58184908A (ja) * | 1982-04-23 | 1983-10-28 | Sotsukishiya:Kk | 円板形光減衰器 |
| JPS61197510U (ja) | 1985-05-31 | 1986-12-10 | ||
| JP2001296146A (ja) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-10-26 | Dr Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh | 反射測定目盛およびこの測定目盛の製造方法 |
| JP2005241248A (ja) | 2004-01-30 | 2005-09-08 | Aronshiya:Kk | 光学式エンコーダに用いられる反射板及びその製造方法 |
| WO2013100061A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | 株式会社ニコン | エンコーダ、エンコーダ用スケールの製造方法、エンコーダの製造方法及び駆動装置 |
| JP2019158710A (ja) | 2018-03-15 | 2019-09-19 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | エンコーダー用光学式スケールおよび光学式エンコーダー |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1032745C (zh) * | 1991-06-17 | 1996-09-11 | 深圳伟兴镀膜玻璃有限公司 | 四层膜系镀膜玻璃 |
| JPH07113660A (ja) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-05-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 光学式エンコーダ |
| JPH07305163A (ja) | 1994-05-10 | 1995-11-21 | Itochu Fine Chem Kk | 低反射クロム系膜 |
| DE19935709A1 (de) * | 1999-07-29 | 2001-02-01 | Leybold Systems Gmbh | Schichtsystem für Substrate |
| JP2004301826A (ja) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-10-28 | Omron Corp | 光学式エンコーダ |
| WO2007044798A2 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2007-04-19 | Gsi Group Corporation | Optical metrological scale and laser-based manufacturing method therefor |
| DE112009002101T5 (de) * | 2008-08-28 | 2012-01-12 | Faro Technologies, Inc. | Mit einem Index versehender optischer Encoder, Verfahren zum Indexieren eines optischen Encoders und Verfahren zum dynamischen Einstellen von Verstärkung und Offset in einem optischen Encoder |
| TWI447357B (zh) * | 2009-11-20 | 2014-08-01 | Everlight Electronics Co Ltd | 反射式光編碼器 |
| US10066974B2 (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2018-09-04 | Zygo Corporation | Interferometric encoder systems having at least partially overlapping diffracted beams |
| CN107479116B (zh) * | 2017-09-07 | 2019-12-03 | 武汉正源高理光学有限公司 | 一种双面低反射铬膜系及其制备方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-03-30 US US17/906,272 patent/US12188795B2/en active Active
- 2021-03-30 CN CN202180005583.5A patent/CN114450553A/zh active Pending
- 2021-03-30 CN CN202210449227.9A patent/CN114674233A/zh active Pending
- 2021-03-30 EP EP21781404.5A patent/EP4130683B1/en active Active
- 2021-03-30 WO PCT/JP2021/013676 patent/WO2021201024A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2021-03-30 JP JP2022512584A patent/JP7574845B2/ja active Active
- 2021-03-31 TW TW112112496A patent/TWI856594B/zh active
- 2021-03-31 TW TW110111732A patent/TWI796662B/zh active
-
2024
- 2024-08-06 US US18/795,338 patent/US20240393143A1/en active Pending
- 2024-10-17 JP JP2024181536A patent/JP7782644B2/ja active Active
- 2024-12-02 US US18/964,767 patent/US20250116537A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58184908A (ja) * | 1982-04-23 | 1983-10-28 | Sotsukishiya:Kk | 円板形光減衰器 |
| JPS61197510U (ja) | 1985-05-31 | 1986-12-10 | ||
| JP2001296146A (ja) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-10-26 | Dr Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh | 反射測定目盛およびこの測定目盛の製造方法 |
| JP2005241248A (ja) | 2004-01-30 | 2005-09-08 | Aronshiya:Kk | 光学式エンコーダに用いられる反射板及びその製造方法 |
| WO2013100061A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | 株式会社ニコン | エンコーダ、エンコーダ用スケールの製造方法、エンコーダの製造方法及び駆動装置 |
| JP2019158710A (ja) | 2018-03-15 | 2019-09-19 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | エンコーダー用光学式スケールおよび光学式エンコーダー |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP4130683A4 |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024063131A1 (ja) | 2022-09-22 | 2024-03-28 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール、反射型光学式エンコーダおよびエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール用積層体 |
| JP7537649B1 (ja) * | 2022-09-22 | 2024-08-21 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール、反射型光学式エンコーダおよびエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール用積層体 |
| JP2024156948A (ja) * | 2022-09-22 | 2024-11-06 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール、反射型光学式エンコーダおよびエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール用積層体 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7782644B2 (ja) | 2025-12-09 |
| US20240393143A1 (en) | 2024-11-28 |
| TW202447177A (zh) | 2024-12-01 |
| TWI796662B (zh) | 2023-03-21 |
| US20230126475A1 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
| TW202142837A (zh) | 2021-11-16 |
| CN114450553A (zh) | 2022-05-06 |
| TW202332884A (zh) | 2023-08-16 |
| JPWO2021201024A1 (ja) | 2021-10-07 |
| US12188795B2 (en) | 2025-01-07 |
| JP2025011275A (ja) | 2025-01-23 |
| EP4130683A4 (en) | 2023-08-23 |
| CN114674233A (zh) | 2022-06-28 |
| US20250116537A1 (en) | 2025-04-10 |
| EP4130683B1 (en) | 2026-01-21 |
| JP7574845B2 (ja) | 2024-10-29 |
| TWI856594B (zh) | 2024-09-21 |
| EP4130683A1 (en) | 2023-02-08 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP7574845B2 (ja) | エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール及び反射型光学式エンコーダ | |
| US6839173B2 (en) | Reflection type diffraction grating | |
| JP5306872B2 (ja) | 光学部品および光学機器 | |
| US20130112860A1 (en) | Reflective optical scale for encoder and reflective optical encoder | |
| WO2008144236A1 (en) | Thin film filter system and method | |
| JP4568810B1 (ja) | 薄膜型光吸収膜 | |
| KR0176767B1 (ko) | 다이아몬드상 탄소 박막의 반사 방지 층을 갖는 액정 표시 장치 | |
| TWI907024B (zh) | 編碼器用反射型光學尺及反射型光學式編碼器 | |
| JP6442395B2 (ja) | 反射型光学式エンコーダのコード板 | |
| JP7537649B1 (ja) | エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール、反射型光学式エンコーダおよびエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール用積層体 | |
| JP5789409B2 (ja) | 光学スケール | |
| JP4184498B2 (ja) | 亜鉛/インジウム系bm膜、及びbm膜製造方法 | |
| TW202601064A (zh) | 編碼器用反射型光學尺、反射型光學式編碼器及編碼器用反射型光學尺用積層體 | |
| JP7548470B2 (ja) | エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール、反射型光学式エンコーダ、エンコーダ用反射型光学式スケールの製造方法、およびエンコーダ用反射型光学式スケール多面付け体 | |
| JP2025031519A (ja) | エンコーダ用光学式スケール、エンコーダ用光学式スケール多面付け体および光学式エンコーダ | |
| US20230267760A1 (en) | Biometric authentication system | |
| WO2013024531A1 (ja) | 薄膜型光吸収膜 | |
| JPH1195002A (ja) | 光学部品 | |
| JP2008152069A (ja) | 反射防止膜 | |
| JP2007003936A (ja) | 赤外域反射鏡及びその製造方法 | |
| JP2010019875A (ja) | Agミラー | |
| JPWO2024063131A5 (ja) |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 21781404 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2022512584 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2021781404 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20221031 |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 2021781404 Country of ref document: EP |