WO2021166359A1 - リチウムイオン二次電池の負極用炭素材料およびその製造方法並びにそれを用いた負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池の負極用炭素材料およびその製造方法並びにそれを用いた負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021166359A1 WO2021166359A1 PCT/JP2020/044614 JP2020044614W WO2021166359A1 WO 2021166359 A1 WO2021166359 A1 WO 2021166359A1 JP 2020044614 W JP2020044614 W JP 2020044614W WO 2021166359 A1 WO2021166359 A1 WO 2021166359A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- negative electrode
- carbon material
- secondary battery
- ion secondary
- lithium ion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/205—Preparation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/21—After-treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/82—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by IR- or Raman-data
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/11—Powder tap density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carbon material for a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery, a method for producing the same, and a negative electrode and a lithium ion secondary battery using the same.
- graphite-based materials generally have a high capacity and are therefore widely used in mobile electronic devices and the like, and graphite-based materials are the mainstream as materials for negative electrodes of in-vehicle batteries.
- graphite-based materials are the mainstream as materials for negative electrodes of in-vehicle batteries.
- hybrid vehicles it may be used in combination with a non-graphitizable carbon material or a graphite-based material having high input / output characteristics and cycle durability.
- graphite-based material natural graphite, artificial graphite particles obtained from a high-temperature calcined body of coke, graphite such as pitch-based carbon fiber or mesophase carbon fiber, and mesophase pitch made from tar and pitch are heat-treated. Artificial graphite such as the obtained mesophase graphitic particles is mainly used.
- mesophase graphitic particles for example, in Patent Document 1, carbonic mesophase particles formed when the thermal melting temperature of pitches is maintained at 350 to 500 ° C. are carbonized, and then at 2500 to 2900 ° C. Graphitized particles obtained by graphitization are disclosed.
- hybrid vehicles are required to have batteries that can be used in a wide variety of applications according to the vehicle type and vehicle hybrid system, such as idling stop system (ISS) and battery-powered driving, and the input / output required for lithium-ion batteries for hybrid vehicles.
- ISS idling stop system
- carbon material for negative electrodes with improved characteristics and cycle durability.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for producing a powder or granular material having a 50% by volume particle size D 50 of 1.8 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m in a cumulative frequency distribution.
- Patent Document 3 describes a multi-layered carbon material in which the surface of graphite particles is coated with amorphous carbon, the average particle size d50 is 1 ⁇ m to 18 ⁇ m, and the specific surface area measured by the BET method is 6.
- a technique is disclosed in which the negative electrode resistance is reduced and the storage characteristics are not deteriorated by using a carbon material having a thickness of 5 m 2 / g to 10 m 2 / g.
- the initial efficiency (the ratio of the initial discharge capacity to the initial charge capacity in the charge / discharge test, which is also referred to as the initial charge / discharge efficiency. ) Is low, and there is a problem that the capacity as a battery is low.
- the technique described in Patent Document 3 is an invention in which a carbon material having a multi-layer structure in which amorphous carbon is composited with spheroidized natural graphite particles, although it is a small particle size particle, is the main invention (Example).
- Patent Document 4 describes an example using graphitized mesophase carbon spherules, but the 2C discharge rate (discharge characteristics) is not always sufficient, and when high input / output characteristics are required. It is disadvantageous. It is presumed that this is because Patent Document 4 fires at a relatively high temperature of 1300 ° C. for 3 hours in a short time.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned background technology, and is a lithium ion secondary having high initial efficiency and high 2C discharge rate even if the particle size is reduced, using mesophase graphitic particles of artificial graphite as a raw material.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a carbon material for a negative electrode of a battery.
- the present inventors have pulverized carbonaceous particles mainly composed of mesophase globules as a raw material, and then graphitized the carbonic particles.
- pulverized carbonaceous particles mainly composed of mesophase globules as a raw material, and then graphitized the carbonic particles.
- an amorphous carbonaceous material By coating the surface of graphite with an amorphous carbonaceous material and firing it at a low temperature for a long time, it is possible to obtain a carbon material for a negative electrode having a low specific surface area and improved initial efficiency and 2C discharge rate. Find out and complete the present invention.
- D 50 50% by volume particle diameter
- the specific surface area (S BET ) by the BET method is 6.5 m 2 / g or less
- D TAP tap density
- the Raman R value obtained by the Raman spectroscopy is less than 5.0 ⁇ m.
- a carbon material for a negative electrode characterized in that it is more than 0.100 and less than 0.300.
- the carbon material is a negative electrode characterized in that the average plane spacing d 002 value of the lattice plane (002) planes determined by the X-ray diffraction method is 0.3400 nm or less.
- a step of coating the surface of the graphitized particles with a carbonaceous precursor in an amount of 0.5% by mass to 10.0% by mass (surface coating step) and a step of coating the graphitized particles coated with the carbonaceous precursor at 900 ° C.
- a method for producing a carbon material for a negative electrode which comprises a step (calcination step) of firing at about 1200 ° C. to form the graphite precursor into a carbonaceous film.
- a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery characterized in that a carbon material for a negative electrode according to any one of [1] to [3] is used.
- a carbon material for the negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery having a low specific surface area, a negative electrode, and a lithium ion secondary battery with improved initial efficiency and 2C discharge rate it is possible to obtain a carbon material for the negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery having a low specific surface area, a negative electrode, and a lithium ion secondary battery with improved initial efficiency and 2C discharge rate.
- the carbon material for the negative electrode of the present invention (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “carbon material”) has a 50% by volume particle size (D 50 ) of 1.0 ⁇ m or more and less than 5.0 ⁇ m in the cumulative frequency distribution, and has a specific surface area (BET method).
- D 50 50% by volume particle size
- D DT tap density
- Raman R value determined by Raman spectroscopy is more than 0.100 and less than 0.300. It is a feature.
- the 50% by volume particle size (D 50 ) in the cumulative frequency distribution of the carbon material of the present invention is 1.0 ⁇ m or more and less than 5.0 ⁇ m. This is because if it is less than 1.0 ⁇ m, the reaction with the electrolytic solution becomes large and the initial efficiency is lowered, and if it is 5.0 ⁇ m or more, the non-surface area becomes small and the input / output characteristics are lowered.
- the lower limit is more preferably 2.0 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 2.2 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper limit is more preferably 4.5 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 4.0 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 3.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the 50% by volume particle size (D 50 ) in the cumulative frequency distribution is a particle size that can be obtained by a laser diffraction / scattering method and has a cumulative total of 50% from a small particle on a volume basis.
- This particle size (D 50 ) is measured in accordance with JIS Z 8825: 2013, and an aqueous solution prepared by adding 3% of Triton X-100 as a surfactant to ion-exchanged water as a dispersion medium by a laser diffraction type particle size distribution meter is used. Measured using.
- the specific surface area (S BET ) of the carbon material of the present invention by the BET method is preferably 6.5 m 2 / g or less because it suppresses the reaction with the electrolytic solution that lowers the initial efficiency. More preferably, less than 6.5m 2 / g, more preferably, less than 5.0 m 2 / g, more preferably, at 1.0m 2 /g ⁇ 4.5m 2 / g, particularly preferably 1 .1m is a 2 /g ⁇ 4.0m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area was measured by the BET method based on JIS Z 8830: 2013 by the specific surface area measurement method of powder by adsorption of nitrogen gas.
- the tap density (D TAP ) of the carbon material of the present invention is preferably 0.70 g / cm 3 or more because if it is too small, the filling density at the time of forming the negative electrode is difficult to increase. More preferably, at 0.70g / cm 3 ⁇ 1.20g / cm 3, more preferably, at 0.70g / cm 3 ⁇ 1.15g / cm 3, more preferably, 0.70g / cm 3 ⁇ 1 in .10g / cm 3, particularly preferably, 0.70 g / cm 3 or more and less than 0.85 g / cm 3.
- the tap density was measured based on JIS Z 2512: 2012 using a tap density measuring device (tapping device) with a tap stroke of 3 mm and a number of tacks of 300 times.
- the carbon material of the present invention is graphitized particles of mesophase microspheres, and has a carbonaceous film on the surface of the graphitized particles.
- Graphitized mesophase globules are used because they have good cycle characteristics and rate characteristics by being randomly laminated when forming the negative electrode and are not easily crushed during the production of the negative electrode.
- the film formed on the surface of the graphitized particles is coated with an amorphous carbon precursor material such as a coal-based pitch and fired as described in the method for producing a carbon material for a negative electrode described later. It is a coating film of the carbonaceous fired body obtained by the above. By coating with amorphous carbon, a carbon material for a negative electrode having excellent initial efficiency can be obtained.
- the carbon material of the present invention has a specific surface area ratio of a specific surface area (S BET : m 2 / g) obtained by the BET method and a specific surface area (S CALC : m 2 / g) calculated from the following formula (1).
- S BET / S CALC is preferably 10.0 or less.
- This specific surface area ratio means the roughness (unevenness) of the particle surface, and this ratio is preferably 10.0 or less. If it exceeds 10.0, the unevenness of the particle surface is too large, and the reactivity with the electrolytic solution becomes too large. More preferably, it is 7.0 or less. More preferably, it is 5.0 or less.
- the true specific density ( ⁇ ) was measured using a hydrometer (pycnometer) using butanol as a standard substance based on JIS Z 8807: 2012.
- the carbon material of the present invention preferably has a Raman R value of more than 0.100 and less than 0.300 determined by Raman spectroscopy.
- Raman spectroscopy is also defined in JIS K 0137: 2010, and the molecular-level structure of a substance is analyzed from the Raman spectrum obtained by dispersing the Raman scattered light that occurs when the substance is irradiated with light. It is a method.
- the peak of the G band derived from graphite structure in the vicinity of 1580 cm -1 is also a peak of D-band is determined that appears when the disturbed symmetry with the introduction of defects in the vicinity of 1360 cm -1 ..
- This Raman R value is in inverse proportion to the crystallinity size obtained by the X-ray diffraction method. When the Raman R value is small, the crystallinity is high, and when the Raman R value is large, the crystallinity is low.
- the Raman R value of the carbon material of the present invention is preferably 0.125 to 0.250. More preferably, it is more than 0.140 and less than 0.200. More preferably, it is 0.145 to 0.190. Most preferably, it is 0.150 to 0.170.
- the average plane spacing d 002 value of the lattice plane (002) planes determined by the X-ray diffraction method is 0.3400 nm or less.
- the method for measuring the lattice constant and crystallite size of carbon materials by the X-ray diffraction method is a diffraction method by the so-called Gakushin method established by the 117th Committee of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, and also in JIS R 7651: 2007. It is set. Based on this measurement method, the d 002 value, which is the average surface spacing of the lattice planes (002) planes, is obtained. This d 002 value is one of the indexes showing the crystallinity of the carbon material. When the d 002 value is large, the crystallinity is low, and when the d 002 value is small, the crystallinity is high.
- Graphite crystals have a hexagonal layered structure in which regular hexagonal network planes of carbon are stacked in parallel. By heat-treating the carbonized material, graphitization, that is, crystallization of the material proceeds. As graphitization progresses, the crystal size (crystallite size) increases, and the average interplanar spacing (d 002 value) approaches 0.3354 nm (theoretical value) of the ideal graphite crystal. From the above, the d 002 value of the carbon material of the present invention is preferably 0.3400 nm or less. This is because the crystallinity becomes low above 0.3400 nm. More preferably, it is 0.3370 nm or less. More preferably, it is 0.3362 nm or less.
- the carbide of mesophase spheroids is pulverized so that the 50% by volume particle diameter (D 50 ) in the cumulative frequency distribution of the carbide particles is 1.0 ⁇ m or more and less than 5.0 ⁇ m.
- the mesophase globules are optically anisotropic spheres having a particle size of several ⁇ m to several tens of ⁇ m generated in the pitch matrix when petroleum-based or coal-based pitches are heated at a temperature of about 350 to 450 ° C. Is.
- the microspheres are extracted and separated from the pitch matrix using a solvent such as benzene, toluene, quinoline, tar medium oil, and tar heavy oil.
- the separated mesophase globules are calcined at a temperature of 350 ° C. or higher, preferably 350 to 900 ° C. to obtain carbides of the mesophase globules.
- the firing can be carried out in an inert atmosphere using a rotary kiln or the like.
- the carbides of the mesophase microspheres are crushed to set the 50% by volume particle size (D 50 ) in the cumulative frequency distribution to 1.0 ⁇ m or more and less than 5.0 ⁇ m.
- D 50 50% by volume particle size
- the reaction with the electrolytic solution becomes large and the initial efficiency decreases, and when it is 5.0 ⁇ m or more, the non-surface area becomes small and the input / output characteristics deteriorate.
- It is more preferably 2.0 ⁇ m to 4.5 ⁇ m, further preferably 2.4 ⁇ m to 4.0 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 3.0 ⁇ m to 3.5 ⁇ m.
- the method of crushing is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known crushing machine can be used.
- crushers rotary ball mills, single track jet mills (manufactured by Seishin Co., Ltd.), counter jet mills (manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd.), current jets (manufactured by Nisshin Engineering Co., Ltd.), high-speed swing hammer type crushers.
- An example is a machine (made by Dalton).
- the graphitization treatment temperature is preferably 2600 ° C to 3200 ° C. If the temperature is lower than 2600 ° C, the crystal development is insufficient, so that the capacity is low, and if the temperature is higher than 3200 ° C, the graphitization treatment becomes difficult. More preferably, it is 2850 ° C to 3100 ° C.
- the graphitization treatment atmosphere is preferably an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon.
- the surface of the graphitized particles is coated with 0.5% by mass to 10.0% by mass of a carbonaceous precursor.
- the carbonaceous precursor to be coated is preferably an amorphous carbonaceous material such as a coal-based pitch.
- pitches such as coal-based pitches and petroleum-based pitches, resins such as phenol resins and furan resins, and mixtures of these pitches and resins. Can be used. From the viewpoint of economy and the like, pitches such as coal-based pitches and petroleum-based pitches are preferable.
- Specific examples of coal-based pitches include coal tar pitch and coal liquefaction pitch.
- the amount of the carbonaceous precursor coated on the surface of the graphitized particles is preferably 0.5% by mass to 10.0% by mass. If it is less than 0.5% by mass, the edge surface of the graphite layer cannot be sufficiently covered and the improvement of the initial efficiency is insufficient. If it exceeds 10.0% by mass, the thickness of the coating layer is too thick and the lithium Input / output characteristics deteriorate because it obstructs entry and exit. More preferably, it is 1.0% by mass to 7.0% by mass. More preferably, it is 2.0% by mass to 5.0% by mass.
- the method of coating is not particularly limited, but a method of mixing the graphitized particles with a carbonaceous precursor in powder form or by heating and melting to make it liquid is preferable by a kneader or the like. In addition, a method of mixing a solution in which a carbonaceous precursor is dissolved in a solvent with a kneader or the like can be mentioned.
- the carbonaceous precursor is coated on the graphitized particles and then fired to form a carbonaceous fired body coating on the surface of the graphitized particles.
- the firing temperature at this time is preferably 900 ° C. to 1200 ° C. If the temperature is lower than 900 ° C., the irreversible capacity of the coating film becomes large, which causes a decrease in the initial efficiency. More preferably, it is 950 ° C to 1150 ° C, and even more preferably, it is 980 ° C to 1120 ° C.
- the firing time is preferably more than 3 hours. This is because the crystallinity does not increase if the time is short. More preferably, it is 3.5 hours to 8 hours. Most preferably, it is 3.5 hours to 5 hours. If the firing time is too long, the productivity will decrease.
- the atmosphere at the time of firing is preferably a non-oxidizing atmosphere. This is because in an oxidizing atmosphere, the coated carbonaceous precursor burns and disappears, and even a small amount of oxygen generates functional groups on the surface to promote surface reactivity.
- An atmosphere such as a helium stream, a vacuum, or a coke breeze or the like that self-oxidizes and suppresses the oxidation of the fired body to reduce the oxygen concentration to make a substantially non-oxidizing atmosphere is preferably selected. ..
- the purpose of coating the surface of the graphitized particles with a carbonaceous fired body is to suppress the decomposition of the electrolytic solution on the surface of the negative electrode and improve the safety of the lithium ion secondary battery.
- the specific surface area of the carbon material can be reduced by coating the surface of the graphitized particles with a carbonaceous precursor such as pitch and then firing to form a film of the carbonaceous fired body.
- the negative electrode using it can be used stably.
- the amount of carbonaceous fired body adhered is preferably 0.3% by mass to 8.0% by mass. If it is less than 0.3% by mass, the edge surface of the graphite layer cannot be sufficiently covered and the improvement of the initial efficiency is insufficient. If it exceeds 8.0% by mass, the thickness of the coating layer is too thick and the lithium Input / output characteristics deteriorate because it obstructs entry and exit. More preferably, it is 0.5% by mass to 6.0% by mass. More preferably, it is 1.0% by mass to 5.0% by mass.
- the negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention uses the above-mentioned carbon material for a negative electrode, and is a paste-like paint (negative electrode combination) formed by mixing a binder or the like with the carbon material for a negative electrode.
- the agent can be obtained by applying it to a current collector to be an electrode, drying it, and pressing it.
- the coating electrode density of the negative electrode formed by applying the paste-like paint is preferably 1.10 g / cm 3 or more.
- Negative electrode coating electrode density (g / cm 3 ) is an index indicating the coated weight of the negative electrode per specific volume.
- the method is to punch out the negative electrode to a certain area, measure the weight (using an electronic balance) and thickness (using a micrometer), and punch out only the current collector to the same area.
- the weight can be measured and averaged to obtain the weight of the current collector, the thickness of the current collector can be obtained from the metal density of the current collector, and the coating electrode density of the negative electrode can be obtained by the following equation (7). can.
- Electrode density (Weight of negative electrode-Weight of current collector) / (Thickness of negative electrode-Thickness of current collector) x (Punched area) ... (7)
- the preferred range of coating the electrode density is 1.10 g / cm 3 or more, more preferably, at 1.10g / cm 3 ⁇ 2.00g / cm 3, more preferably, 1.20 g / cm 3 It is ⁇ 1.90 g / cm 3 .
- the method for producing the negative electrode of the present invention uses the carbon material for the negative electrode of the present invention, and as described above, a paste-like coating material (also referred to as a negative electrode mixture) is obtained by mixing a binder with the carbon material.
- the coating material is applied to a current collector serving as an electrode at a coating weight of 3 mg / cm 2 to 15 mg / cm 2 , dried, and then pressed.
- the other steps related to the method for manufacturing the negative electrode are not particularly limited, and can be performed according to a normal manufacturing method.
- a paint (negative electrode mixture) in which a binder is added to the carbon material of the present invention is used.
- the binder one having chemical stability and electrochemical stability with respect to the electrolyte is preferably used.
- a resin-based polymer compound such as carboxymethyl cellulose and a metal ion composition such as sodium thereof are used.
- Rubber-like polymer compounds such as styrene-butadiene rubber, fluororesin powders such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polyimide and the like.
- the amount of the binder added is preferably about 1% by mass to 20% by mass based on the total amount of the coating material.
- the above-mentioned binder is added to the carbon material of the present invention, mixed using a kneader such as a planetary mixer, and further, distilled water is added to adjust the solid content ratio. Then, a paste agent such as styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion is added to prepare a paste-like paint (negative electrode mixture).
- this paint is applied to one or both sides of the current collector by a coating weight of 3 mg / cm 2 to 15 mg / cm 2 , the solvent is volatilized by a blower dryer or the like, dried, and press-processed.
- a paint layer is formed on the current collector.
- the amount to be applied (coating weight) is preferably 3 mg / cm 2 to 15 mg / cm 2, but more preferably 5 mg / cm 2 to 15 mg / cm 2 .
- the shape of this current collector is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a foil shape, a mesh shape, a mesh shape such as an expanded metal, and the like.
- Examples of the material of the current collector include copper, stainless steel, nickel and the like.
- the paste-like paint After the paste-like paint has dried, it is pressed using a pressurizer such as a roller press and molded to match the battery structure to form a negative electrode.
- a pressurizer such as a roller press and molded to match the battery structure to form a negative electrode.
- Preferred press conditions are appropriately selected depending on the structure and shape of the negative electrode, the particle size of the carbon material for the negative electrode, the paint (negative electrode mixture), and other conditions.
- a lithium ion secondary battery usually contains a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte as main battery components, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are substances capable of occluding lithium ions as a layered compound, a lithium-containing compound, or a cluster, respectively. Supplied as. Then, the inflow and outflow of lithium ions in the charge / discharge process is performed between layers. It is a battery mechanism in which lithium ions are doped into the negative electrode during charging and dedoped from the negative electrode during discharging.
- the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is a carbon material for a negative electrode having a carbonaceous film on the surface of graphitized particles of mesophase microspheres, and has a 50% by volume particle diameter (D 50 ) of 1.0 ⁇ m in a cumulative frequency distribution.
- D 50 50% by volume particle diameter
- specific surface area (S BET ) by BET method is 6.5 m 2 / g or less
- tap density (D TAP ) is 0.70 g / cm 3 or more
- Raman R value obtained by Raman spectroscopy is It is more than 0.100 and less than 0.300. It is composed of a negative electrode using the carbon material and other battery components (positive electrode, non-aqueous electrolyte solution, etc.), but the other battery components are not particularly limited and are general lithium ion secondary batteries. According to the components of.
- the material for the positive electrode As the material for the positive electrode (positive electrode active material), it is preferable to select a material capable of doping or dedoping a sufficient amount of lithium ions.
- a positive electrode active material for example, transition metal oxides, transition metal chalcogenides, vanadium oxides and their lithium-containing compound of the general formula M X Mo 6 S 8-y (wherein X is 0 ⁇ X ⁇ 4. Y is a numerical value in the range of 0 ⁇ Y ⁇ 1, and M represents a metal such as a transition metal). It may be used, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- a carbonate such as lithium carbonate can be added to the positive electrode active material.
- the lithium-containing transition metal oxide is a composite oxide of lithium and a transition metal, and may be a solid solution of lithium and two or more kinds of transition metals.
- this lithium-containing transition metal oxide is LiM (1) 1-p M (2) p O 2 (P in the chemical formula is a numerical value in the range of 0 ⁇ P ⁇ 1, and M (1).
- M (2) consists of at least one transition metal element), or LiM (1) 2-q M (2) q O 4 (Q in the chemical formula is a numerical value in the range of 0 ⁇ Q ⁇ 1.
- M (1) and M (2) are composed of at least one transition metal element).
- examples of the transition metal element represented by M include Co, Ni, Mn, Cr, Ti, V, Fe, Zn, Al, In, Sn, and the like, and in particular, Co, Fe, Mn, Ti, and Cr. , V, Al are preferable.
- the lithium-containing transition metal oxide uses, for example, Li or a transition metal oxide or salt as a starting material, these starting materials are mixed according to the composition, and fired in an oxygen atmosphere in a temperature range of 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C. Can be obtained by doing.
- the starting material is not limited to oxides or salts, and can also be synthesized from hydroxides and the like.
- a paste-like positive electrode mixture coating material composed of a positive electrode active material, a binder and a conductive agent is applied to one or both sides of a current collector.
- a binder those exemplified for the negative electrode can be used.
- the conductive agent for example, fine-grained carbon material, fibrous carbon material, graphite, and carbon black can be used.
- the shape of the current collector is not particularly limited, and a current collector having the same shape as the negative electrode is used.
- aluminum, nickel, stainless steel and the like can be usually used.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte As the non-aqueous electrolyte which is one of the constituent elements of the lithium ion secondary battery, a normal non-aqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt such as LiPF 6 or LiBF 4 as an electrolyte salt is used.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte may be a liquid-based non-aqueous electrolyte solution, or may be a polymer electrolyte such as a solid electrolyte or a gel electrolyte.
- an aprotic organic solvent such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, or dimethyl carbonate can be used as the non-aqueous solvent.
- a polyelectrolyte When used as a polyelectrolyte, it contains a matrix polymer gelled with a plasticizer (non-aqueous electrolyte solution).
- a plasticizer non-aqueous electrolyte solution.
- this matrix polymer include ether-based polymers such as polyethylene oxide and its crosslinked products, polymethacrylate-based polymers, polyacrylate-based polymers, and fluoropolymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride and vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymers. Can be used alone or in combination, and among them, a fluoropolymer is preferable from the viewpoint of oxidation-reduction stability and the like.
- non-aqueous electrolyte solution As the electrolyte salt and non-aqueous solvent constituting the plasticizer (non-aqueous electrolyte solution) contained in the polymer electrolyte, those that can be used in the liquid-based electrolyte solution can be used.
- a microporous film of polypropylene or polyethylene, or a separator having a layered structure thereof or a non-woven fabric is usually used. It is also possible to use a gel electrolyte.
- the negative electrode made of the negative electrode material of the present invention, the gel electrolyte, and the positive electrode are laminated in this order and housed in the battery exterior material.
- the structure of the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is arbitrary, and its shape and form are not particularly limited, and for example, it can be arbitrarily selected from a cylindrical type, a square type, and a coin type.
- Coal tar was heated at 350 ° C. for 0.5 hours and then further heated at 450 ° C. for 0.2 hours to generate mesophase globules.
- Pitches were extracted from the heated coal tar using heavy fuel oil (boiling point: 200 to 300 ° C.), and mesophase globules were separated from the pitch matrix by filtration.
- the small spheres obtained using a rotary kiln were calcined at 500 ° C. to obtain carbides of mesocarbon small spheres.
- the carbides of the mesophase microspheres were pulverized by a jet mill to make the D 50 particle size 3.3 ⁇ m, and then graphitized at 3000 ° C.
- Coal-based pitch was mixed (surface coated) with the obtained graphitized particles, placed in a container with a lid made of graphite, and calcined at 1100 ° C. for 4 hours in an inert atmosphere to obtain a carbon material.
- Example 2 The carbides of the mesophase microspheres of Example 1 were pulverized by a jet mill to adjust the D 50 particle size to 2.2 ⁇ m. The other conditions and the like were the same as in Example 1.
- Example 3 The carbides of the mesophase microspheres obtained in Example 1 were pulverized by a jet mill to make the D 50 particle size 3.0 ⁇ m, and the amount of coal-based pitch adhered was halved in Example 1 to perform the firing treatment. A carbon material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the points.
- ⁇ Comparative example 3> Carbides mesophase microspheres obtained in Example 1 was milled D 50 particle diameter 3.3 ⁇ m jet mill, and graphitized at 3000 ° C., to obtain a carbon material. (No coating treatment was performed.)
- ⁇ Comparative example 4> Carbides mesophase microspheres obtained in Example 1 was milled D 50 particle diameter 2.2 ⁇ m jet mill, and graphitized at 3000 ° C., to obtain a carbon material. (No coating treatment was performed.)
- ⁇ Comparative example 5> Carbides mesophase microspheres obtained in Example 1 was milled D 50 particle diameter 5.5 ⁇ m jet mill, and graphitized at 3000 ° C., to obtain a carbon material.
- Example 6 (No coating treatment was performed.)
- the carbides of the mesophase microspheres of Example 1 were pulverized by a jet mill to adjust the D 50 particle size to 5.5 ⁇ m.
- the other conditions and the like were the same as in Example 1.
- Example 7 Except for the point that the carbide of the mesophase small sphere obtained in Example 1 was pulverized by a jet mill to obtain 9.7 ⁇ m of D 50 particles and that the amount of adhesion of the coal-based pitch was reduced to half that of Example 1 and the firing treatment was performed. Obtained a carbon material in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 8 Except for the point that the carbide of the mesophase small sphere obtained in Example 1 was pulverized by a jet mill to obtain 15.0 ⁇ m of D 50 particles and that the amount of adhesion of the coal-based pitch was reduced to half that of Example 1 and the firing treatment was performed. Obtained a carbon material in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the carbonaceous precursor (single substance) was calcined under the same calcining conditions as in the example, and the amount of film was calculated from the amount of carbon remaining.
- a paste-like paint (negative electrode mixture) was prepared from the obtained carbon material. Specifically, using a planetary mixer as a mixer, 50 parts by mass of a carbon material (98 parts by mass) and an aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (2 parts by mass of solid content) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 50 rpm for 30 minutes, and further. Distilled water was added to adjust the solid content ratio to 55%, and the mixture was continuously stirred for 15 minutes, and then styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion (1 part by mass in solid content) was added to prepare a coating paste.
- the prepared paint paste was applied onto a copper foil as a current collector so as to have a uniform thickness, and further placed in a blower dryer to volatilize the solvent at 100 ° C. to form a paint layer.
- this paint layer was pressed by a roller press and further punched into a circular shape having a diameter of 15.5 mm to prepare a negative electrode (working electrode) having a paint layer in close contact with a current collector made of copper foil.
- the product was dried in vacuum at 100 ° C. for 8 hours or more.
- the separator 5 and working electrode 2 of the coin-type secondary battery for evaluation (also simply referred to as “evaluation battery”) shown in FIG. 1 were previously soaked in a non-aqueous electrolytic solution and impregnated with the solution.
- the evaluation battery shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured using the prepared working electrode (negative electrode). First, the lithium metal foil was pressed against the nickel net and punched into a circular shape having a diameter of 15.5 mm to prepare a disk-shaped counter electrode 4 made of the lithium foil in close contact with the current collector 7a made of the nickel net.
- the separator 5 is sandwiched between the working electrode (negative electrode) 2 in close contact with the current collector 7b and the counter electrode (positive electrode) 4 in close contact with the current collector 7a, and then the working electrode 2 is placed on the outer cup.
- the counter electrode 4 is housed in the outer can 3, the outer cup 1 and the outer can 3 are put together, and the peripheral edge portion between the outer cup 1 and the outer can 3 is crimped and sealed via the insulating gasket 6. As a result, an evaluation battery was produced.
- the peripheral edge portion between the outer cup 1 and the outer can 3 is crimped via the insulating gasket 6 to form a sealed structure.
- the current collector 7a, the counter electrode (positive electrode) 4, the separator 5, and the working electrode (negative electrode) 2 are arranged in this order from the inner surface of the outer can 3 toward the inner surface of the outer cup 1. , And the current collector 7b are laminated.
- the initial charge / discharge loss (unit: mAh / g) was determined by the following formula (8).
- Initial charge / discharge loss initial charge capacity-initial discharge capacity (8) (Initial charge / discharge efficiency)
- the initial charge / discharge efficiency (unit:%) was determined by the following formula (9).
- Initial charge / discharge efficiency (initial discharge capacity / initial charge capacity) x 100 ... (9)
- charging and discharging were performed in the same manner as described above with the charging current set to 0.5C and the discharging current set to 2C, and the discharge capacity (discharge capacity at the 2C current value) was determined.
- the 2C discharge rate (unit:%) was calculated from the following equation (10).
- the initial loss is small and the initial efficiency (initial charge / discharge efficiency) and the 2C discharge rate are high in the examples, whereas the initial loss is large in the comparative example. It can be seen that the initial efficiency (initial charge / discharge efficiency) and the 2C discharge rate are low.
- the one crushed after graphitization as in Comparative Example 2 has a large specific surface area ratio (S BET / S CALC ) and a large initial charge / discharge loss (decrease in initial charge / discharge efficiency).
- S BET / S CALC specific surface area ratio
- Comparative Examples 6, 7 and 8 it can be seen that the pulverized D 50 particle size is as large as 5.0 ⁇ m or more, and the initial efficiency (initial charge / discharge efficiency) and 2C discharge rate are low.
- the carbon material for the negative electrode of the present invention has a small specific surface area, and the carbonaceous fired body coating increases the initial charge / discharge efficiency and the 2C discharge rate, improves the battery characteristics, and enables long-term use.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
〔1〕メソフェーズ小球体の黒鉛化物粒子の表面に炭素質被膜を有するリチウムイオン二次電池の負極に用いる炭素材料であって、累積度数分布における50体積%粒子径(D50)が1.0μm以上、5.0μm未満、BET法による比表面積(SBET)が6.5m2/g以下、タップ密度(DTAP)が0.70g/cm3以上およびラマン分光法により求めたラマンR値が0.100超、0.300未満であることを特徴とする負極用炭素材料。
〔2〕〔1〕おいて、前記炭素材料は、BET法より求めた比表面積(SBET:m2/g)と、次の式(1)から算出した比表面積(SCALC:m2/g)との比表面積比(SBET/SCALC)が、10.0以下であることを特徴とする負極用炭素材料。
SCALC=6/(D50×ρ)・・・・・(1)
ここで、D50:累積度数分布における50体積%粒子径(μm)、ρ:真比重(g/cm3)。
〔3〕〔1〕または〔2〕において、前記炭素材料は、X線回折法により求めた格子面(002)面の平均面間隔d002値が0.3400nm以下であることを特徴とする負極用炭素材料。
〔4〕〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれか一つの負極用炭素材料の製造方法であって、メソフェーズ小球体の炭化物を粉砕して該炭化物粒子の累積度数分布における50体積%粒子径(D50)を1.0μm以上、5.0μm未満とする工程(粉砕処理工程)と、前記炭化物粒子を2600℃~3200℃で黒鉛化処理して黒鉛化物粒子とする工程(黒鉛化処理工程)と、該黒鉛化物粒子の表面に炭素質前駆体を0.5質量%~10.0質量%被覆する工程(表面被覆工程)と、前記炭素質前駆体で被覆された前記黒鉛化物粒子を900℃~1200℃で焼成して前記炭素質前駆体を炭素質被膜とする工程(焼成工程)と、を備えることを特徴とする負極用炭素材料の製造方法。
〔5〕〔4〕において、前記焼成工程が、900℃~1200℃、3時間超であることを特徴とする負極用炭素材料の製造方法。
〔6〕〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれか一つの負極用炭素材料を用いることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用負極。
〔7〕〔6〕のリチウムイオン二次電池用負極を電極として用いたリチウムイオン二次電池。
まず、本発明の負極用炭素材料の実施形態について、説明する。
本発明の負極用炭素材料(以下、単に「炭素材料」ともいう)は、累積度数分布における50体積%粒子径(D50)が1.0μm以上、5.0μm未満、BET法による比表面積(SBET)が6.5m2/g以下、タップ密度(DT)が0.70g/cm3以上およびラマン分光法により求めたラマンR値が0.100超、0.300未満であることを特徴とするものである。
本発明の炭素材料の累積度数分布における50体積%粒子径(D50)は、1.0μm以上、5.0μm未満である。1.0μm未満では、電解液との反応が大きくなり初期効率が低下し、5.0μm以上では、非表面積が小さくなることで入出力特性が低下するからである。下限値として、より好ましくは、2.0μm以上で、さらに好ましくは、2.2μm以上で、特に好ましくは、3.0μm以上である。上限値として、より好ましくは、4.5μm以下で、さらに好ましくは、4.0μm以下で、特に好ましくは、3.5μm以下である。
本発明の炭素材料のBET法による比表面積(SBET)は、初期効率を低下させる電解液との反応を抑える、という理由から、6.5m2/g以下であるのが好ましい。より好ましくは、6.5m2/g未満で、さらに好ましくは、5.0m2/g未満で、さらに好ましくは、1.0m2/g~4.5m2/gで、特に好ましくは、1.1m2/g~4.0m2/gである。なお、BET法による比表面積の測定は、JIS Z 8830:2013に基づき、窒素ガス吸着による粉体の比表面積測定法により求めた。
本発明の炭素材料のタップ密度(DTAP)は、小さすぎると負極形成時の充填密度が上がりにくくなるという理由から、0.70g/cm3以上であるのが好ましい。より好ましくは、0.70g/cm3~1.20g/cm3で、さらに好ましくは、0.70g/cm3~1.15g/cm3で、さらに好ましくは、0.70g/cm3~1.10g/cm3で、特に好ましくは、0.70g/cm3以上、0.85g/cm3未満である。なお、タップ密度の測定は、JIS Z 2512:2012に基づき、タップ密度測定装置(タッピング装置)を用いてタップストローク3mm、タック回数300回で測定した。
次に、本発明の炭素材料は、メソフェーズ小球体の黒鉛化物粒子であり、前記黒鉛化物粒子の表面に炭素質被膜を有する。負極形成時にランダムに積層することでサイクル特性やレート特性が良好であり、また、負極製造時につぶれ難い点から、黒鉛化したメソフェーズ小球体を用いる。
本発明の炭素材料は、BET法より求めた比表面積(SBET:m2/g)と、次の式(1)から算出した比表面積(SCALC:m2/g)との比表面積比(SBET/SCALC)が、10.0以下であることが好ましい。
ここで、D50:累積度数分布における50体積%粒子径(μm)、ρ:真比重(g/cm3)である。
この式(1)は、次のようにして求めることができる。
一つの粒子の直径をD(m)、比表面積をS(m2/g)、重量をw(g)とすると、
S={4×π×(D/2)2}/w・・・・・(2)
また、真比重ρ(g/m3)は、
ρ=w/{4/3×π×(D/2)3}・・・・・(3)
すなわち、
w=ρ×{4/3×π×(D/2)3}・・・・・(4)
この式(4)を式(2)に代入すると、
S={4×π×(D/2)2}/{ρ×4/3×π×(D/2)3}・・・・・(5)
すなわち、
S=6/(ρ×D)・・・・・(6)
となり、上記の式(1)が求められる。
本発明の炭素材料は、ラマン分光法により求めたラマンR値が0.100超、0.300未満であることが好ましい。
本発明の炭素材料は、さらに、X線回折法により求めた格子面(002)面の平均面間隔d002値が0.3400nm以下であることが好ましい。
本発明の負極用炭素材料の製造方法は、メソフェーズ小球体の炭化物を粉砕して該炭化物粒子の累積度数分布における50体積%粒子径(D50)を1.0μm以上、5.0μm未満とする工程(粉砕処理工程)と、前記炭化物粒子を2600℃~3200℃で黒鉛化処理して黒鉛化物粒子とする工程(黒鉛化処理工程)と、該黒鉛化物粒子の表面に炭素質前駆体を0.5質量%~10.0質量%被覆する工程(表面被覆工程)と、前記炭素質前駆体で被覆された前記黒鉛化物粒子を900℃~1200℃で焼成して前記炭素質前駆体を炭素質被膜とする工程(焼成工程)と、を備えることを特徴とするものである。
メソフェーズ小球体は、石油系または石炭系のピッチ類を350~450℃程度の温度で加熱した際に、ピッチマトリックス中に生成する粒径が数μm~数十μmの光学的異方性小球体である。前記小球体は、ピッチマトリックスからベンゼン、トルエン、キノリン、タール中油、タール重油などの溶剤を用いて抽出分離される。分離されたメソフェーズ小球体を350℃以上、好ましくは350~900℃の温度で焼成してメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物を得る。前記焼成はロータリーキルンなどを用いて、不活性雰囲気中で行うことができる。
続いて、上記の粉砕された炭化物粒子を黒鉛化処理して黒鉛化物粒子を生成する。黒鉛化処理温度は、2600℃~3200℃が好ましい。2600℃未満では、結晶の発達が不十分であるため、容量が低くなり、3200℃超は、黒鉛化処理が難しくなる。より好ましくは、2850℃~3100℃である。また、黒鉛化処理の雰囲気は、窒素やアルゴン等の不活性雰囲気下が好ましい。
次に、前記黒鉛化物粒子の表面に炭素質前駆体を0.5質量%~10.0質量%被覆する。この被覆する炭素質前駆体は、前述したように、石炭系ピッチなどの非晶質の炭素質材料が好ましい。具体的には、石炭系ピッチや石油系ピッチなどのピッチ、フェノール樹脂やフラン樹脂などの樹脂、およびこれらのピッチと樹脂との混合物等が挙げられるが、特に限定されず、従来公知のものを用いることができる。経済性等の観点から、石炭系ピッチ、石油系ピッチなどのピッチが好ましい。石炭系ピッチの具体例としては、コールタールピッチ、石炭液化ピッチ等が挙げられる。
前記の黒鉛化物粒子表面に被覆する炭素質前駆体の被覆量は、0.5質量%~10.0質量%が好ましい。0.5質量%未満では、黒鉛層のエッジ面を十分に覆うことができず初期効率の改善が不十分であり、10.0質量%超では、被覆層の厚みが厚すぎて、リチウムの出入りを阻害するため入出力特性が低下する。より好ましくは、1.0質量%~7.0質量%である。さらに好ましくは、2.0質量%~5.0質量%である。
被覆する方法は、特に制限はないが、前記黒鉛化物粒子に粉末状または、加熱溶融して液状にした炭素質前駆体とを混錬機などにより混合する方法が好ましい。その他に、溶剤に炭素質前駆体を溶解させた溶液を混錬機などにより混合する方法などが挙げられる。
前記炭素質前駆体を前記黒鉛化物粒子に被覆させた後、焼成することにより、前記黒鉛化物粒子の表面に炭素質焼成体被膜を形成する。この際の焼成温度は、900℃~1200℃とすることが好ましい。900℃未満では、被膜の不可逆容量が大きくなり初期効率低下の要因となり、1200℃超では、被膜の結晶性が上がりすぎて入出力特性が低下する。より好ましくは、950℃~1150℃であり、さらに好ましくは、980℃~1120℃である。
次に、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池用負極は、前述の負極用炭素材料を用いたものであり、この負極用炭素材料に結合剤等を混合してできたペースト状の塗料(負極合剤)を、電極となる集電体に塗布し、乾燥してプレス加工することにより得ることができる。前記ペースト状の塗料を塗布して形成した負極の塗工電極密度は1.10g/cm3以上であることが好ましい。
前記塗工電極密度の好ましい範囲は、1.10g/cm3以上であるが、より好ましくは、1.10g/cm3~2.00g/cm3で、さらに好ましくは、1.20g/cm3~1.90g/cm3である。
本発明の負極を製造する方法は、本発明の負極用炭素材料を用いるものであるが、前述したように、前記炭素材料に結合剤を混合してペースト状の塗料(負極合剤ともいう)を調整し、電極となる集電体に前記塗料を塗工重量で3mg/cm2~15mg/cm2塗布し、乾燥した後、プレス加工をすることを特徴とするものである。なお、負極の製造方法に関するその他の工程については、特に限定されず、通常の製造方法に準じて行うことができる。
次に、本発明の負極を電極として用いたリチウムイオン二次電池について説明する。
リチウムイオン二次電池は、通常、負極、正極および非水電解液を主たる電池構成要素とし、正極および負極は、それぞれリチウムイオンを、層状化合物として、あるいはリチウム含有化合物やクラスター状に吸蔵可能な物質として供給される。そして、充放電過程におけるリチウムイオンの出入は層間で行われる。充電時にはリチウムイオンが負極中にドープされ、放電時には負極から脱ドープする電池機構である。
正極の材料(正極活物質)としては、充分量のリチウムイオンをドープまたは脱ドープすることができるものを選択するのが好ましい。そのような正極活物質としては、例えば、遷移金属酸化物、遷移金属カルコゲン化物、バナジウム酸化物およびそれらのリチウム含有化合物、一般式MXMo6S8-y(式中Xは0≦X≦4、Yは0≦Y≦1の範囲の数値であり、Mは遷移金属などの金属を表す)で表されるシェブレル相化合物、活性炭、活性炭素繊維などが挙げられ、これらを1種単独で用いてもよく、また2種以上を併用してもよい。例えば、正極活物質中に炭酸リチウムなどの炭酸塩を添加することもできる。
リチウムイオン二次電池の構成要素の一つである非水電解質としては、LiPF6、LiBF4などのリチウム塩を電解質塩として含む通常の非水電解質が用いられる。非水電解質は、液系の非水電解液であってもよいし、固体電解質やゲル電解質などの高分子電解質であってもよい。
本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池においては、通常ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンの微多孔膜、またはそれらの層構造としたものや不織布などのセパレータを使用する。ゲル電解質を用いることも可能である。この場合、例えば、本発明の負極材からなる負極、ゲル電解質、正極をこの順で積層し、電池外装材内に収容することで構成される。本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池の構造は任意であり、その形状、形態について特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、円筒型、角型、コイン型から任意に選択することができる。
コールタールを、350℃で0.5時間加熱した後、さらに450℃で0.2時間加熱してメソフェーズ小球体を生成させた。加熱後のコールタールから、タール重油(沸点:200~300℃)を用いてピッチを抽出し、ピッチマトリックスから濾過により、メソフェーズ小球体を分離した。ロータリーキルンを用い得られた小球体を500℃で焼成して、メソカーボン小球体の炭化物を得た。このメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにて粉砕処理しD50粒子径を3.3μmとした後、3000℃で黒鉛化処理した。得られた黒鉛化物粒子に石炭系ピッチを混合(表面被覆)し、黒鉛製の蓋付き容器に入れ、不活性雰囲気下、1100℃、4時間で焼成処理を行い、炭素材料を得た。
実施例1のメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにて粉砕処理しD50粒子径を2.2μmとした。なお、それ以外の条件等は、実施例1と同様にした。
実施例1で得たメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにて粉砕処理しD50粒子径を3.0μmとした点と、石炭系ピッチの付着量を実施例1の半分にして焼成処理を行う点以外は、実施例1と同様にして、炭素材料を得た。
実施例1で得たメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにて粉砕処理しD50粒子径を15.0μmとした後、3000℃で黒鉛化処理した。この黒鉛化処理物をジェットミルにてD50粒子径を4.1μmに粉砕処理し、炭素材料を得た。(被覆処理は行わなかった。)
<比較例2>
実施例1で得たメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにて粉砕処理しD50粒子径を15.0μmとした後、3000℃で黒鉛化処理した。この黒鉛化処理物をジェットミルにてD50粒子径を4.1μmに粉砕処理した。得られた黒鉛質粒子に石炭系ピッチを混合(表面被覆)し、黒鉛製の蓋付き容器に入れ、不活性雰囲気下、1100℃、4時間で焼成処理を行い、炭素材料を得た。
実施例1で得たメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにてD50粒子径を3.3μmに粉砕処理した後、3000℃で黒鉛化処理し、炭素材料を得た。(被覆処理は行わなかった。)
<比較例4>
実施例1で得たメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにてD50粒子径を2.2μmに粉砕処理した後、3000℃で黒鉛化処理し、炭素材料を得た。(被覆処理は行わなかった。)
<比較例5>
実施例1で得たメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにてD50粒子径を5.5μmに粉砕処理した後、3000℃で黒鉛化処理し、炭素材料を得た。(被覆処理は行わなかった。)
<比較例6>
実施例1のメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにて粉砕処理しD50粒子径を5.5μmとした。なお、それ以外の条件等は、実施例1と同様にした。
実施例1で得たメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにて粉砕処理しD50粒子9.7μmとした点と、石炭系ピッチの付着量を実施例1の半分にして焼成処理を行う点以外は、実施例1と同様にして、炭素材料を得た。
実施例1で得たメソフェーズ小球体の炭化物をジェットミルにて粉砕処理しD50粒子15.0μmとした点と、石炭系ピッチの付着量を実施例1の半分にして焼成処理を行う点以外は、実施例1と同様にして、炭素材料を得た。
(炭素材料の評価)
上記の実施例および比較例に用いた炭素材料について、D50粒子径(単位:μm)、BET法による比表面積(単位:m2/g)、タップ密度(DTAP、単位:g/cm3)と真比重ρ(単位:g/cm3)、X線回折法により求めた平均面間隔d002値(単位:nm)およびラマンR値を、上述した方法によって測定した。
まず、得られた炭素材料からペースト状の塗料(負極合剤)を調製した。具体的には、混合機としてプラネタリーミキサーを用い、炭素材料(98質量部)とカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム水溶液(固形分2質量部)50質量部とを投入し、50rpmで30分間攪拌し、さらに、蒸留水を追加して固形分比55%となるように調整して引き続き15分間攪拌を行った後、スチレンブタジエンゴムエマルジョン(固形分で1質量部)とを入れ、塗料ペーストを調製した。
調製した塗料ペーストを、集電体となる銅箔上に均一な厚さになるように塗布し、さらに送風乾燥機内に入れて100℃で溶媒を揮発させ、塗料層を形成した。次に、この塗料層をローラープレスによって加圧し、さらに直径15.5mmの円形状に打ち抜くことにより、銅箔からなる集電体に密着した塗料層を有する負極(作用電極)を作製した。なお、評価を行う前に、真空中100℃で8時間以上の乾燥を行なった。
電解液として、エチレンカーボネート(33体積%)とメチルエチルカーボネート(67体積%)とを混合して得られた混合溶媒に、LiPF6を1mol/dm3となる濃度で溶解させ、非水電解液を調製した。
次に、作製した作用電極(負極)を用いて、図1に示す評価電池を作製した。
まず、リチウム金属箔をニッケルネットに押し付け、直径15.5mmの円形状に打ち抜くことにより、ニッケルネットからなる集電体7aに密着したリチウム箔からなる円盤状の対極4を作製した。
作製した評価電池について、25℃で以下の充放電試験を行なった。なお、リチウムを対極とする充放電試験では、リチウムイオンを黒鉛質粒子中にドープする過程を「充電」とし、黒鉛質粒子から脱ドープする過程を「放電」とした。
初回充放電ロス=初回充電容量-初回放電容量 ・・・・・(8)
(初回充放電効率)
同様に、次の式(9)により初回充放電効率(単位:%)を求めた。
初回充放電効率=(初回放電容量/初回充電容量)×100・・・・・(9)
次いで、充電電流を0.5C、放電電流を2Cとして前記と同様に充放電を行い、放電容量(2C電流値における放電容量)を求めた。そして、次式(10)から2C放電率(単位:%)を計算した。なお、1Cとは、対象とする負極が満充電状態にあるとき、その電気量を1時間で放出するときの電流値、0.5Cは2時間で放出するときの電流値、2Cは30分で放出するときの電流値を言う。
2C放電率=2C電流値における放電容量/第一サイクルの放電容量×100・・・
・・・(10)
2 作用電極(負極)
3 外装缶
4 対極(正極)
5 セパレータ
6 絶縁ガスケット
7a、7b 集電体
Claims (7)
- メソフェーズ小球体の黒鉛化物粒子の表面に炭素質被膜を有するリチウムイオン二次電池の負極に用いる炭素材料であって、累積度数分布における50体積%粒子径(D50)が1.0μm以上、5.0μm未満、BET法による比表面積(SBET)が6.5m2/g以下、タップ密度(DTAP)が0.70g/cm3以上およびラマン分光法により求めたラマンR値が0.100超、0.300未満であることを特徴とする負極用炭素材料。
- 前記炭素材料は、BET法より求めた比表面積(SBET:m2/g)と、次の式(1)から算出した比表面積(SCALC:m2/g)との比表面積比(SBET/SCALC)が、10.0以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の負極用炭素材料。
SCALC=6/(D50×ρ)・・・・・(1)
ここで、D50:累積度数分布における50体積%粒子径(μm)、ρ:真比重(g/cm3)。 - 前記炭素材料は、X線回折法により求めた格子面(002)面の平均面間隔d002値が0.3400nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の負極用炭素材料。
- 請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の負極用炭素材料の製造方法であって、メソフェーズ小球体の炭化物を粉砕して該炭化物粒子の累積度数分布における50体積%粒子径(D50)を1.0μm以上、5.0μm未満とする工程(粉砕処理工程)と、前記炭化物粒子を2600℃~3200℃で黒鉛化処理して黒鉛化物粒子とする工程(黒鉛化処理工程)と、該黒鉛化物粒子の表面に炭素質前駆体を0.5質量%~10.0質量%被覆する工程(表面被覆工程)と、前記炭素質前駆体で被覆された前記黒鉛化物粒子を900℃~1200℃で焼成して前記炭素質前駆体を炭素質被膜とする工程(焼成工程)と、を備えることを特徴とする負極用炭素材料の製造方法。
- 前記焼成工程が、900℃~1200℃、3時間超であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の負極用炭素材料の製造方法。
- 請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の負極用炭素材料を用いることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用負極。
- 請求項6に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池用負極を電極として用いたリチウムイオン二次電池。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020217010304A KR102334493B1 (ko) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-12-01 | 리튬 이온 이차 전지의 음극용 탄소 재료 및 그의 제조 방법, 및 그것을 이용한 음극 및 리튬 이온 이차 전지 |
| JP2021517055A JP6924917B1 (ja) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-12-01 | リチウムイオン二次電池の負極用炭素材料およびその製造方法並びにそれを用いた負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| CN202080005723.4A CN112930610B (zh) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-12-01 | 锂离子二次电池的负极用碳材料及其制造方法以及使用该碳材料的负极和锂离子二次电池 |
| US17/296,488 US12330946B2 (en) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-12-01 | Carbon material for negative electrode of lithium ion secondary battery and method of producing the same, and negative electrode and lithium ion secondary battery using the carbon material |
| EP20883678.3A EP3896758B1 (en) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-12-01 | Negative electrode carbon material for lithium ion secondary battery, production method therefor, and negative electrode and lithium ion secondary battery using same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020-026174 | 2020-02-19 | ||
| JP2020026174 | 2020-02-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2021166359A1 true WO2021166359A1 (ja) | 2021-08-26 |
Family
ID=77358053
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2020/044614 Ceased WO2021166359A1 (ja) | 2020-02-19 | 2020-12-01 | リチウムイオン二次電池の負極用炭素材料およびその製造方法並びにそれを用いた負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3896758B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6957127B1 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TWI744137B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2021166359A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114497441A (zh) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-05-13 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种负极片及包括该负极片的电池 |
| CN117882216A (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-12 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | 负极材料、二次电池和电子装置 |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2023068822A (ja) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-05-18 | 株式会社三洋物産 | 遊技機 |
| JP2023069129A (ja) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-18 | 株式会社三洋物産 | 遊技機 |
| JP2023069131A (ja) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-18 | 株式会社三洋物産 | 遊技機 |
| JP2023069130A (ja) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-18 | 株式会社三洋物産 | 遊技機 |
| WO2024004939A1 (ja) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-01-04 | Jfeケミカル株式会社 | 難黒鉛化性炭素、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| KR20250148730A (ko) * | 2023-03-13 | 2025-10-14 | 미쯔비시 케미컬 주식회사 | 탄소재, 음극, 이차전지 및 이들의 제조 방법 |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5742153B2 (ja) | 1978-04-05 | 1982-09-07 | ||
| JPH05290833A (ja) | 1992-04-10 | 1993-11-05 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水二次電池とその負極板の製造法 |
| JPH0831420A (ja) | 1994-07-11 | 1996-02-02 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | リチウム電池の電極用炭素材およびその製造方法 |
| JP2009187939A (ja) | 2008-01-11 | 2009-08-20 | Jfe Chemical Corp | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材料およびその製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極ならびにリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| WO2016136524A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-24 | 2016-09-01 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 炭素材料、その製造方法及びその用途 |
| WO2018207333A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | 日立化成株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材の製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| WO2019151201A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-08 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 黒鉛材料、その製造方法及びその用途 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3335366B2 (ja) * | 1991-06-20 | 2002-10-15 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 二次電池用電極 |
| US20040151837A1 (en) * | 1995-11-14 | 2004-08-05 | Koichi Morita | Material for negative electrode of lithium secondary battery, method for production thereof and lithium secondary battery using the same |
| JP4666876B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-26 | 2011-04-06 | Jfeケミカル株式会社 | 複合黒鉛質材料およびその製造方法、ならびにリチウムイオン二次電池用負極材料およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP5262119B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-10 | 2013-08-14 | ソニー株式会社 | 負極および電池 |
| JP6442419B2 (ja) * | 2014-01-09 | 2018-12-19 | 昭和電工株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極活物質 |
-
2020
- 2020-12-01 WO PCT/JP2020/044614 patent/WO2021166359A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2020-12-01 EP EP20883678.3A patent/EP3896758B1/en active Active
- 2020-12-16 TW TW109144379A patent/TWI744137B/zh active
-
2021
- 2021-07-30 JP JP2021124991A patent/JP6957127B1/ja active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5742153B2 (ja) | 1978-04-05 | 1982-09-07 | ||
| JPH05290833A (ja) | 1992-04-10 | 1993-11-05 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水二次電池とその負極板の製造法 |
| JPH0831420A (ja) | 1994-07-11 | 1996-02-02 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | リチウム電池の電極用炭素材およびその製造方法 |
| JP2009187939A (ja) | 2008-01-11 | 2009-08-20 | Jfe Chemical Corp | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材料およびその製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極ならびにリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| WO2016136524A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-24 | 2016-09-01 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 炭素材料、その製造方法及びその用途 |
| WO2018207333A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | 日立化成株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材の製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| WO2018207410A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | 日立化成株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材の製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| WO2018207896A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | 日立化成株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材の製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| WO2019151201A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-08 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 黒鉛材料、その製造方法及びその用途 |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114497441A (zh) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-05-13 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种负极片及包括该负极片的电池 |
| CN114497441B (zh) * | 2022-01-07 | 2024-04-26 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 一种负极片及包括该负极片的电池 |
| CN117882216A (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-12 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | 负极材料、二次电池和电子装置 |
| CN117882216B (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2026-01-16 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | 负极材料、二次电池和电子装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2021180186A (ja) | 2021-11-18 |
| TWI744137B (zh) | 2021-10-21 |
| TW202133481A (zh) | 2021-09-01 |
| JP6957127B1 (ja) | 2021-11-02 |
| EP3896758A1 (en) | 2021-10-20 |
| EP3896758B1 (en) | 2023-08-23 |
| EP3896758A4 (en) | 2022-01-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6957127B1 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池の負極用炭素材料およびその製造方法並びにそれを用いた負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| CN104521038B (zh) | 锂离子二次电池用负极材料 | |
| JP5473886B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材料、リチウムイオン二次電池負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| US8394530B2 (en) | Carbon material and a process for its manufacture | |
| CA2889306A1 (en) | Negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary battery, negative electrode for lithium ion secondary battery, and lithium ion secondary battery | |
| EP2600449A1 (en) | Negative pole material for lithium ion secondary battery, negative pole for lithium ion secondary battery, and lithium ion secondary battery | |
| JP2018006270A (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池負極用黒鉛質炭素材料、その製造方法、それを用いた負極又は電池 | |
| US20230084916A1 (en) | Negative electrode material for lithium-ion secondary battery and method of producing same, negative electrode for lithium-ion secondary battery, and lithium-ion secondary battery | |
| JP5439701B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材、該負極材を用いたリチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| WO2012127548A1 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| JP2011060467A (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材料およびその製造方法 | |
| JP4672958B2 (ja) | 黒鉛質粒子、リチウムイオン二次電池、そのための負極材料および負極 | |
| JP4542352B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極、およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| JPH11219704A (ja) | リチウム二次電池、その負極及びその製造法 | |
| JP6924917B1 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池の負極用炭素材料およびその製造方法並びにそれを用いた負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| JP5394721B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池、そのための負極材料および負極 | |
| JP6922927B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極及びリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| JP7009049B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池負極用炭素材料、その中間体、その製造方法、及びそれを用いた負極又は電池 | |
| JP6584975B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池負極用炭素材料、リチウムイオン二次電池負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池の製造方法 | |
| JP5590159B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極材、その製造方法、該負極材を用いたリチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| JP5885919B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用負極、およびリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| TW202404159A (zh) | 碳包覆之非石墨化性碳、鋰離子二次電池用負極,及鋰離子二次電池 | |
| JP2011040406A (ja) | 電極用炭素材料の製造方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2021517055 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2020883678 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20210514 |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 20883678 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 17296488 Country of ref document: US |