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WO2020114539A1 - Machine électrique et son procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Machine électrique et son procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020114539A1
WO2020114539A1 PCT/DE2019/100901 DE2019100901W WO2020114539A1 WO 2020114539 A1 WO2020114539 A1 WO 2020114539A1 DE 2019100901 W DE2019100901 W DE 2019100901W WO 2020114539 A1 WO2020114539 A1 WO 2020114539A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
electrical machine
coil
coils
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2019/100901
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Nolte
Vijay Kumar Varkala
Matthias Gramann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Publication of WO2020114539A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020114539A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02—Details
    • H02K21/04—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
    • H02K21/042—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation with permanent magnets and field winding both rotating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/225—Detecting coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/09—Machines characterised by the presence of elements which are subject to variation, e.g. adjustable bearings, reconfigurable windings, variable pitch ventilators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical machine and a method for its operation.
  • the invention relates to a flow-switchable, permanently excited
  • Synchronous machine Synchronous machine, and a method for its operation.
  • the d-axis refers to the d component ("direct current") of the current, which together with the q component (“quadrature current”) forms the two components of the stator current, which is formed by a known park transformation the currents in the stator phases. Determining the rotor position sometimes requires encoder systems, which mean additional work for the electrical machine.
  • Synchronous motors reduce the permanent magnetic flux with short ones
  • the object of the invention is to provide an electrical machine in which it is possible to influence the magnetic flux of the rotor with less effort than in the prior art.
  • magnetic flux of the rotor with less effort than in the prior art.
  • Scattering losses can be avoided.
  • a corresponding method for operating the electrical machine is also to be specified.
  • the electrical machine according to the invention has a stator and a rotor.
  • the rotor includes permanent magnets.
  • a coil is provided which encloses a permanent magnet of the rotor. An electrical current can be conducted through the coil, as a result of which the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet can be changed. Since the coil runs around a permanent magnet of the rotor, the magnetic flux generated by the coil does not need to overcome the air gap between the stator and the rotor, but can act directly on the permanent magnet.
  • Positioning the coil directly around the permanent magnet can be precisely influenced by the coil on the permanent magnet.
  • the effect of the magnetic field of the coil on the permanent magnet is also independent of the rotor position, since the coil is at rest relative to the rotor. In embodiments, therefore, an encoder system for the rotor position is also unnecessary.
  • the invention is basically applicable to electrical machines that are internal rotors, as well as those that are external rotors.
  • a plurality of permanent magnets of the rotor are each enclosed by a coil, through which a current can be conducted in each case.
  • the aforementioned advantages apply accordingly to each of the permanent magnets of the rotor, each of which is enclosed by a coil.
  • the current in each of these coils can be controlled independently of the currents in the other coils, as a result of which the flux of each of the permanent magnets of the rotor, each enclosed by a coil, can be individually adapted to the respective one
  • each permanent magnet of the rotor is enclosed by a coil, through which a current can be conducted.
  • a coil is powered by
  • sliding contacts For example, two sliding contacts can be assigned to each coil, each of which interacts with a pair of slip rings. Depending on
  • desired current flow through the coil can be a to the slip rings
  • a capacitor is assigned to a coil as an energy store; the capacitor can be charged inductively.
  • a capacitor is preferably assigned to each coil.
  • a charging device can be used for inductive charging of the capacitor, which is at rest relative to the stator. This charging device contains a magnet. If the coil with the capacitor runs past the magnet when the rotor rotates, the magnetic field of the magnet of the charging device can be used for inductive charging of the capacitor. If a current flow is required in the coil, the capacitor can be discharged via the coil, in whole or in part. The discharge of the capacitor can be controlled electronically, for example. It is also conceivable for several coils to be assigned a capacitor which can be inductively charged.
  • the capacitor When the capacitor is discharged, it can be controlled, for example electronically, how the capacitor is discharged via the individual coils to which it is assigned.
  • the method according to the invention for operating an electrical machine relates to a machine of the type described above. If each permanent magnet of the rotor is provided with a coil, the flux of each permanent magnet can be independent of the other permanent magnets to be controlled. This enables a highly flexible adaptation of the electrical machine to the respective operating situation.
  • the coils are in the basic setting area or in the
  • the coils are energized in order to temporarily reduce the flow of the permanent magnets in order to advantageously carry out a switching process between winding sections in the electrical machine, for example between sections of stator windings.
  • the switching process takes place without current or voltage, or at least with currents and voltages that are reduced compared to the values of current and voltage in normal operation.
  • This embodiment can be used advantageously when changing the connection of winding sections of an electrical machine which has winding sections which can be connected in different ways, for example by a mechanical element.
  • Such an electrical machine is described, for example, in the parallel application “ELECTRICAL MACHINE AND METHOD FOR THEIR OPERATION”.
  • the temporary reduction in the magnetization of permanent magnets over several revolutions of the rotor can be drawn, whereby a
  • the coils are around the permanent magnets
  • a rotor position that is, a rotational angle position of the rotor.
  • current can also be sent through the coils, or only a current flow induced in the coils is determined.
  • the current profile through the coils can in principle be pulsed, for example, but without being limited to, as a result of a capacitor discharge; the pulses can, for example, have the shape of a sine half-wave or an entirely aperiodic course. In this case, the energy input into the coils is relatively low, and the heating of the coil system is correspondingly low.
  • the course of the current in the coils is comparatively high from a thermal point of view, which results in low demands on the additional expenditure of the conductors.
  • the conductors can be formed from aluminum, for example.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of the stator and rotor of an embodiment of a
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of the stator and rotor of a further embodiment of an electrical machine according to the invention.
  • the drawings only show exemplary embodiments; the drawings are not to be construed as limiting the invention to the exemplary embodiments shown.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of an embodiment of an electrical machine 1 according to the invention.
  • the section shows stator 2 with stator windings 21 and rotor 3 with permanent magnets 31.
  • the permanent magnets 31 are in this
  • Permanent magnet 31 is enclosed by a coil 32. If current flows in the coil 32, a magnetic field arises in the coil interior, through which the magnetic polarization of the permanent magnets 31 can be influenced.
  • Each of the coils 32 can be controlled individually, i.e. a current can be driven through each of the coils 32 in the rotor 3 independently of other coils 32 in the rotor 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of a further embodiment of a
  • the permanent magnets 31 are adjacent to the stator 2, but are arranged radially within a rotor laminated core 33.
  • Each permanent magnet 31 is enclosed by a coil 32. If 32 current flows in the coil, the
  • Permanent magnets 31 can be influenced.
  • Each of the coils 32 can be individually
  • a current can be driven through each of the coils 32 in the rotor 3 independently of other coils 32 in the rotor 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine électrique (1) dans laquelle les aimants permanents (31) d'un rotor (3) de la machine électrique (1) sont entourés de bobines (32). Les bobines (32) peuvent, notamment indépendamment les unes des autres, être alimentées en courant selon les exigences de la machine électrique (1). Une réduction du flux du rotor (3) est notamment possible dans la plage d'affaiblissement du champ. Le flux dans le rotor (3) peut également être réduit pour une commutation entre des parties d'enroulement de la machine électrique (1). Les bobines (32) peuvent en outre être utilisées pour la détermination d'une position de rotor.
PCT/DE2019/100901 2018-12-07 2019-10-16 Machine électrique et son procédé de fonctionnement Ceased WO2020114539A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018131410 2018-12-07
DE102018131410.8 2018-12-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020114539A1 true WO2020114539A1 (fr) 2020-06-11

Family

ID=68426051

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2019/100901 Ceased WO2020114539A1 (fr) 2018-12-07 2019-10-16 Machine électrique et son procédé de fonctionnement

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102019102463A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020114539A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020117150A1 (de) 2020-06-30 2021-12-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Elektromechanischer Energiewandler mit einem eingebetteten Permanentmagneten und einer Magnetisierungs- sowie Sensorspule und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Betrieb
DE102023201199A1 (de) * 2023-02-14 2024-08-14 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Elektrische Maschine, elektrischer Achsantrieb und Kraftfahrzeug

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6800977B1 (en) * 1997-12-23 2004-10-05 Ford Global Technologies, Llc. Field control in permanent magnet machine
US6828702B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2004-12-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brushless DC drive
CN101064447A (zh) * 2006-04-27 2007-10-31 阳光技术发电机株式会社 发电机或电动机的转子
WO2010063546A1 (fr) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Machine électrique à excitation hybride présentant un rotor à commutation de polarité
US20140285053A1 (en) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Flux controlled pm electric machine rotor
JP2016032384A (ja) * 2014-07-30 2016-03-07 ダイキン工業株式会社 電動機

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6800977B1 (en) * 1997-12-23 2004-10-05 Ford Global Technologies, Llc. Field control in permanent magnet machine
US6828702B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2004-12-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brushless DC drive
CN101064447A (zh) * 2006-04-27 2007-10-31 阳光技术发电机株式会社 发电机或电动机的转子
WO2010063546A1 (fr) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Machine électrique à excitation hybride présentant un rotor à commutation de polarité
US20140285053A1 (en) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Flux controlled pm electric machine rotor
JP2016032384A (ja) * 2014-07-30 2016-03-07 ダイキン工業株式会社 電動機

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102019102463A1 (de) 2020-06-10

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