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WO2020114065A1 - Structure conductrice de courant, et aimant supraconducteur - Google Patents

Structure conductrice de courant, et aimant supraconducteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020114065A1
WO2020114065A1 PCT/CN2019/109172 CN2019109172W WO2020114065A1 WO 2020114065 A1 WO2020114065 A1 WO 2020114065A1 CN 2019109172 W CN2019109172 W CN 2019109172W WO 2020114065 A1 WO2020114065 A1 WO 2020114065A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
superconducting magnet
current lead
lead structure
superconducting
joint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/109172
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵华炜
余乃君
史永凌
李强
王鹏
万波
虞维兴
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hunan Magtech Medical Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hunan Magtech Medical Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hunan Magtech Medical Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Hunan Magtech Medical Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020114065A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020114065A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
    • H01F6/065—Feed-through bushings, terminals and joints

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnets, in particular to a current lead structure and superconducting magnets.
  • Superconductivity refers to the property that the resistance of some substances drops to zero under certain temperature conditions (generally lower temperature), and the superconductivity of the material can be used to make superconducting magnets. Among them, the superconducting coil in the superconducting magnet is connected to the external circuit through the current lead to generate a magnetic field and store energy.
  • the common current leads are permanent current leads and temporary current leads.
  • the permanent current lead is kept inside the magnet no matter during excitation or field reduction or after any operation is completed, so it is easy to generate additional heat conduction; while the temporary current lead is connected to the magnet during excitation and field reduction, but after completion It is pulled out, so it needs frequent insertion and removal during use, and the operation is complicated.
  • a current lead structure is assembled on a superconducting magnet.
  • the current lead structure includes:
  • a fixed joint fixedly arranged on one of the internal structure of the cold screen of the superconducting magnet and the cold screen;
  • a movable joint movably arranged on the superconducting magnet housing in the superconducting magnet;
  • Deformation seal assembly sealingly connected between the mobile joint and the superconducting magnet housing
  • the deformation seal assembly generates elastic deformation under the action of external force
  • the movable joint is connected to the superconducting magnet housing at the connection position in contact with the fixed joint under the action of the deformation force, and separated from the fixed joint Reciprocate between disconnected positions.
  • a liquid nitrogen chamber for passing liquid nitrogen is opened inside the mobile joint.
  • the moving joint includes a connecting end extending into the superconducting magnet housing and an operating end exposing the superconducting magnet housing, and the liquid nitrogen chamber is configured to extend from the operating end to The connection end.
  • the liquid nitrogen chamber includes a liquid nitrogen input channel, a cooling chamber, and a nitrogen output channel
  • the cooling chamber is disposed at an end of the connection end that contacts the fixed joint, and the liquid nitrogen input channel Both are connected with the nitrogen output channel between the outside world and the cooling cavity.
  • the deformation seal assembly includes an insulation member and a deformation member, the insulation member is sealed and insulated around the outer periphery of the movable joint, the deformation member is connected to the insulation member and the super Between the hole walls of the assembling hole on the magnet guide shell for the mobile joint to protrude.
  • the insulating member is made of ceramic or resin.
  • the deformation member includes an elastic film and a supporting portion, the elastic film is connected to the outer edge of the insulating member, and the supporting portion is connected to the elastic film and the superconducting magnet housing Between the hole walls of the assembly hole.
  • the elastic film is made of metal stainless steel with deformability.
  • the current lead structure includes an auxiliary connection mechanism assembled in the superconducting magnet housing, and the moving joint includes a connecting end extending into the superconducting magnet housing and exposing the superconducting magnet The operation end of the housing; the operation end is movably penetrated in the auxiliary connection mechanism in a reciprocating direction.
  • a superconducting magnet includes a superconducting coil, a low-temperature cooling unit for providing superconducting temperature for the superconducting coil, and a current lead structure for realizing conduction between the superconducting coil and an external circuit; the low-temperature cooling The unit includes a superconducting magnet housing, a cold screen internal structure and a cold screen, the cold screen is disposed between the superconducting magnet housing and the cold screen internal structure; the current lead structure is the current lead structure described above .
  • the current lead structure and superconducting magnet provided by this application, the connection or disconnection of the two parts of the fixed joint and the mobile joint are controlled.
  • the mobile joint moves to connect with the fixed joint to conduct the super
  • the conducting coil and the external circuit are similar to the permanent current lead; after the closed loop of the superconducting coil is completed, the moving joint is moved to be disconnected from the fixed joint, similar to the temporary current lead, but at this time the moving joint is still connected to the superconducting magnet housing through the deformation sealing assembly
  • the current lead structure takes into account both the convenience of permanent current lead operation and the advantage of no additional heat conduction after the temporary current lead is pulled out.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a current lead structure of a superconducting magnet in an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the deformation seal assembly and the moving joint in the embodiment of the superconducting magnet shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the deformation sealing assembly and the moving joint in another embodiment of the superconducting magnet shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2c is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the deformation seal assembly and the moving joint in another embodiment of the superconducting magnet shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a current lead structure of a superconducting magnet in another embodiment of the invention.
  • superconducting magnets made of superconducting materials can be applied to technical fields such as motors, magnetic levitation transportation, magnetic resonance imaging (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI), nuclear magnetic resonance (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, NMR), and other technical fields.
  • medical superconducting magnets represented by medical superconducting magnets, medical superconducting magnets have become an important part of modern high-field MRI systems. Their main role is to provide high-strength and high-stability background magnetic fields for MRI work, which is convenient for achieving fast and high contrast. And high-definition imaging.
  • the superconducting magnet is mainly composed of superconducting coil, superconducting switch, low temperature unit, auxiliary circuit and current lead.
  • the superconducting coil generates a magnetic field by passing current, which is the main energy storage component;
  • the superconducting switch ensures that the superconducting coil works steadily in the closed-loop and open-loop states, and the low-temperature unit ensures that all components that require superconducting work are at superconducting temperature, assist
  • the circuit mainly completes the quench protection of the superconducting magnet and other functions, so that the superconducting magnet will not damage the coil by high voltage or high temperature during the quenching process;
  • the current lead is used to connect the superconducting coil with the external circuit to realize the superconducting coil Excitation and drop field.
  • the temporary current lead is only used when operating the superconducting magnet, such as providing a current channel when exciting or dropping the field; when the predetermined operation is completed, the current lead and the superconducting magnet are separated and taken out.
  • the temporary current lead is connected to the internal connector of the superconducting magnet (due to entering the 4K environment from the 300K environment), there will be inadequate contact at the junction, resulting in the junction resistance greater than the safe value, thereby increasing the superconductivity during excitation and field reduction
  • the risk of magnet quenching at the same time, a small amount of air will be brought into the process of joining the temporary current lead and the internal connector of the superconducting magnet, especially after many operations, the frost at the junction of the superconducting magnet and the current lead is even worse
  • the icing directly causes the resistance value of the junction between the temporary current lead and the internal connector of the superconducting magnet to increase, thereby increasing the risk of quenching of the superconducting magnet during excitation and field reduction.
  • the permanent current lead is kept inside the superconducting magnet no matter during the excitation or field reduction or after any operation is completed. One end is connected to the internal circuit of the superconducting magnet, and the other end is connected to the power cable outside the superconducting magnet. That is, the permanent current lead will always be connected to the internal circuit of the superconducting magnet. When connecting to the external circuit, there is no process from 300K to 4K, which can avoid the adverse factors caused by the temporary current lead and facilitate the excitation and derating of the superconducting magnet at any time. Field operations.
  • the permanent current lead should not only ensure low resistance to avoid excessive heat generation after passing current, but also ensure small thermal conductivity to avoid excessive heat leakage.
  • the present invention provides a semi-permanent current lead structure to solve the above problems.
  • the structure of the superconducting magnet is briefly introduced first. Because of the low-temperature superconducting magnet, it must operate in the low-temperature temperature range of about 4K (-269°C). Therefore, in order to maintain the working environment of the low-temperature superconducting magnet, the low-temperature superconducting magnet is usually designed as a Dewar vessel with high vacuum and high insulation performance.
  • the Dewar container includes the internal structure of the cold screen, the superconducting magnet shell and the cold screen.
  • the internal structure of the cold screen is filled with helium and liquid helium, and the superconducting coil in the superconducting magnet is immersed in liquid helium.
  • the superconducting magnet shell is arranged outside the internal structure of the cold screen, and forms a double-walled structure with the internal structure of the cold screen.
  • a high vacuum is drawn between the walls to reduce the heat transfer of the gas, and the two opposite surfaces of the double wall are plated or polished to reduce the emissivity, thereby reducing the radiation heat transfer as much as possible.
  • the cold screen (50K environment) is installed between the internal structure of the cold screen and the superconducting magnet shell, and a multi-layer polymer insulation film is wound outside the cold screen to minimize the superconducting magnet shell (the external temperature is 300K) to the cold screen Thermal radiation (ie, heat leakage) of the internal structure (4K environment).
  • FIG. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a current lead structure in an embodiment of the present invention
  • the current lead structure 100 is assembled on a superconducting magnet, and is used to connect the superconducting coil with an external circuit to generate a magnetic field to realize energy storage of the superconducting coil.
  • the current lead structure 100 includes a fixed joint 10, a movable joint 30 and a deformation seal assembly 50.
  • the fixed joint 10 is fixedly disposed on one of the internal structure 200 and the cold screen of the superconducting magnet mid-cooling screen
  • the mobile joint 30 is movably disposed on the superconducting magnet housing 400 of the superconducting magnet
  • the deformation sealing assembly 50 is hermetically connected to the mobile Between the joint 30 and the superconducting magnet housing 400.
  • the deformation seal assembly 50 is elastically deformed by an external force, and the movable joint 30 reciprocates relative to the superconducting magnet housing 400 between a connection position in contact with the fixed joint 10 and a disconnected position separated from the fixed joint 10 under the deformation force.
  • the current lead structure 100 is divided into two parts, one part is fixedly arranged inside the superconducting magnet (ie, the fixed joint 10), and the other part is movable through the deformation sealing assembly 50 but is always connected to the superconducting magnet (ie, moving Connector 30).
  • the movable joint 30 can also be detachably contacted with the fixed joint 10 through the deformation seal assembly 50 without being pulled out from the superconducting magnet, so as to realize the movable joint 30 and the fixed joint when operating the superconducting magnet 10 Electrical conduction, such as excitation or field drop; and when the predetermined operation is completed, the mobile joint 30 is separated from the fixed joint 10 without being pulled out from the superconducting magnet.
  • the current lead structure 100 takes into account both the convenience of the permanent current lead operation and the advantage that no additional heat conduction is generated after the temporary current lead is pulled out, which is equivalent to the semi-permanent type.
  • the connection or disconnection of the fixed joint 10 and the mobile joint 30 is controlled. During excitation and field drop, the mobile joint 30 moves to connect with the fixed joint 10 (connection position), and the superconducting coil is connected to the outside The loop is similar to a permanent current lead; after the closed loop of the superconducting coil is completed, the moving joint 30 moves to be disconnected from the fixed joint 10 (open position), similar to a temporary current lead, but at this time the moving joint 30 is still connected through the deformation seal assembly 50 On the superconducting magnet housing 400.
  • the semi-permanent current lead structure 100 in this application after the operation is completed, the mobile joint 30 will be separated from the fixed joint inside the superconducting magnet, that is, in a non-contact state in a vacuum environment, cutting off the current lead Structure 100, a heat transfer channel from 300K environment to 4K environment, avoids heat leakage.
  • the semi-permanent current lead structure 100 in this application does not need to be repeatedly inserted and removed during the operation process (that is, there is no need to enter the 4K environment from the 300K environment each time), so there is no temporary current lead insertion and extraction process
  • the frost phenomenon also guarantees that the contact resistance is lower than the designed safe value, and ensures that the heating is within the controllable range.
  • the fixed joint 10 is set on the cold screen (50K environment)
  • the mobile joint 30 is set on the superconducting magnet housing 400 (300K environment)
  • both are in the superconducting magnet housing 400 (300K component)
  • the cold environment (50K components) is clutched in a vacuum environment, and the designed contact area can be much larger than the contact area of the commonly used temporary current lead connector, effectively ensuring that the contact resistance is lower than the safe resistance value.
  • the mobile joint 30 includes a connecting end 31 and an operating end 33.
  • the superconducting magnet housing 400 defines an assembly hole 401, and the connecting end 31 extends into the superconducting magnet housing 400 through the assembly hole 401 for detachable contact with the fixed joint 10.
  • the operation end 33 is exposed outside the superconducting magnet housing 400 through the assembly hole 401, and is used for the user or an external device to perform force control to drive the connection end 31 to contact or separate from the fixed joint 10.
  • the deformation seal assembly 50 includes an insulating member 51 and a deformation member 53.
  • the insulating member 51 is sealed and insulated around the outer periphery of the mobile joint 30, and the deforming member 53 is connected between the insulating member 51 and the wall of the mounting hole 401 on the superconducting magnet housing 400 for the mobile joint 30 to extend for The movement of the joint 30 provides room for deformation.
  • the insulating member 51 is made of ceramic or resin.
  • the deformation member 53 includes an elastic film 530 and a supporting portion 532.
  • the elastic film 530 is connected to the outer edge of the insulating member 51.
  • the supporting portion 532 is connected to the elastic film 530 and the mounting hole 401 on the superconducting magnet housing 400 Between the walls of the hole.
  • the design, material selection, thickness and size of the deformation member 53 are all related to its own shape.
  • the deformation member 53 When a force is applied to the mobile joint 30 to connect it with the fixed joint 10, the deformation member 53 must complete the effective displacement deformation under the action of force to ensure the effective connection of the mobile joint 30 and the fixed joint 10, and at the same time ensure the deformation of the deformed member 53 Is within its safe elastic deformation.
  • the structural displacement response of the deformable member 53 can be obtained by solving the overall stiffness matrix balance equation (1) of the structure through the finite element method.
  • K is the overall element stiffness matrix of the structure
  • P is the overall equivalent external load vector of the structure.
  • the following describes three deforming members 53 with different structures as examples, but the shape and structure of the deforming member 53 include, but are not limited to, the examples in the above three types, and applications that use similar structures belong to the scope of this invention.
  • the deforming member 53 has a generally circular disc structure, and the elastic film 530 and the support portion 532 are located in the same plane when no deformation occurs.
  • the elastic film 530 is located on the inner periphery of the disc structure and connected to the outer edge of the insulating member 51, and the support portion 532 is connected to the outer periphery of the elastic film 530.
  • the deforming member 53 generally has an inverted bowl structure with an opening toward the cold screen, the elastic film 530 is located on the inner periphery of the inverted bowl structure and is connected to the outer edge of the insulating member 51, and the support portion 532 It is connected to the outer periphery of the elastic film 530.
  • the deforming member 53 generally has a bowl structure opening toward the superconducting magnet housing 400, the elastic film 530 is located on the inner periphery of the bowl structure and is connected to the outer edge of the insulating member 51, and the supporting portion 532 is connected to the outer periphery of the elastic film 530.
  • the insulating member 51 can be a high-current power feed-through element with a welded edge.
  • the elastic film 530 can be connected to the welded edge of the insulating member 51 by means of vacuum sealant, ceramic sealing or welding.
  • both the elastic film 530 and the support portion 532 may be integrally or separately arranged with the same material, or may be integrally or separately arranged with two different materials, which is not limited herein.
  • the elastic film 530 is made of a non-magnetic material with deformability, such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, or the like.
  • the supporting portion 532 can be made of the same metal stainless steel material with the deformability as the elastic film 530; it can also be made of a material with deformability but different from the elastic film 530, and even the supporting portion 532 can It is made of a rigid (not deformable) material, and only needs to realize that the movable joint 30 can move at least under the deformation force of the elastic film 530, which is not limited herein.
  • the deformation member 53 is preferably made of the same material as the superconducting magnet housing 400.
  • the current lead structure 100 further includes an auxiliary connection mechanism 70 assembled in the superconducting magnet housing 400.
  • the operating end 33 of the movable joint 30 is movably inserted in the auxiliary connection mechanism 70 in the reciprocating direction.
  • the auxiliary connection mechanism 70 is used to provide support for the assembly of the mobile joint 30 and at the same time provide guidance for the reciprocating movement of the mobile joint 30.
  • the structure of the auxiliary connection mechanism 70 may be a sleeve mounted on the outer periphery of the mounting hole 401 on the superconducting magnet housing 400, or other supporting guide structures, which is not limited herein.
  • a liquid nitrogen chamber for liquid nitrogen is opened inside the mobile connector 30 to cool the mobile connector 30 and reduce the heat generation of the current lead structure 100 during power-on.
  • the liquid nitrogen chamber is configured to extend from the operation end 33 to the connection end 31, so that the entire movable joint 30 is cooled by the input of liquid nitrogen.
  • the liquid nitrogen chamber includes a liquid nitrogen input channel 350, a cooling chamber 352, and a nitrogen output channel 354.
  • the cooling chamber 352 is disposed at the end of the connection end 31 that contacts the fixed joint 10, and the liquid nitrogen input channel 350 and nitrogen output
  • the channels 354 are all connected between the outside and the cooling cavity 352. That is, after the liquid nitrogen input from the liquid nitrogen input channel 350 cools the cavity 352, the mobile joint 30 is cooled and cooled; the heated nitrogen is discharged through the nitrogen output channel 354, so that the liquid nitrogen circulates inside the mobile joint 30 To achieve the effect of cooling and cooling.
  • the current lead structure 100 provided in this application has the following beneficial effects:
  • the semi-permanent current lead structure 100 in this application takes into account the convenience of the permanent current lead. It only needs a simple connection operation when it needs to be connected, and there is no problem of repeated insertion and removal of temporary current leads;
  • the joint between the mobile joint 30 and the fixed joint 10 of the semi-permanent current lead structure 100 in this application can reduce the contact resistance and reduce heat generation by expanding the contact area; meanwhile, there is no temporary current lead insertion and removal process
  • the frost phenomenon also effectively ensures that the contact resistance is lower than the designed safe value and controls heating;
  • the superconducting magnet provided in the first embodiment of the present invention has all the technical features of the current lead structure 100, so it has the same technical effects as the current lead structure 100.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur une structure conductrice de courant et sur un aimant supraconducteur. La structure conductrice de courant comprend un connecteur fixe, un connecteur mobile, et un ensemble étanche déformable établissant une connexion étanche entre le connecteur mobile et un logement de l'aimant supraconducteur. Une force externe déforme élastiquement l'ensemble étanche déformable, et sous l'action d'une force provenant de la déformation, le connecteur mobile se déplace, par rapport au logement de l'aimant supraconducteur, à la manière d'un va-et-vient entre une position de connexion permettant le contact avec le connecteur fixe et une position de déconnexion éloignée du connecteur fixe. Dans la structure conductrice de courant et l'aimant supraconducteur selon la présente invention, le connecteur mobile se déplace pour se connecter au connecteur fixe durant l'excitation ou une réduction de la force du champ, conduisant ainsi des bobines supraconductrices avec un circuit externe. Après que les bobines supraconductrices forment un circuit fermé, le connecteur mobile se déplace pour se déconnecter du connecteur fixe tout en restant connecté au logement de l'aimant supraconducteur par le biais de l'ensemble étanche déformable. De cette manière, la structure conductrice de courant a l'ergonomie opérationnelle de conducteurs de courant permanents, et l'avantage de conducteurs de courant temporaires dans lesquels la déconnexion n'entraîne pas de conduction thermique additionnelle.
PCT/CN2019/109172 2018-12-04 2019-09-29 Structure conductrice de courant, et aimant supraconducteur Ceased WO2020114065A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811473135.4A CN109243754B (zh) 2018-12-04 2018-12-04 电流引线结构及超导磁体
CN201811473135.4 2018-12-04

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Cited By (2)

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CN115480193A (zh) * 2022-10-11 2022-12-16 山东大学 一种基于磁活性材料失稳的环境磁场监测器及其制备方法
CN119724815A (zh) * 2025-02-26 2025-03-28 西安聚能超导磁体科技股份有限公司 用于超导接头保护和磁体支撑的笼式结构及超导磁体

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CN109243754B (zh) * 2018-12-04 2023-10-27 湖南迈太科医疗科技有限公司 电流引线结构及超导磁体
CN109887702B (zh) * 2019-03-06 2021-06-22 上海交通大学 一种用于高温超导磁悬浮列车磁体励磁的电流引线
CN110739115B (zh) * 2019-10-10 2021-06-29 东软医疗系统股份有限公司 一种超导磁体的电流引线

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115480193A (zh) * 2022-10-11 2022-12-16 山东大学 一种基于磁活性材料失稳的环境磁场监测器及其制备方法
CN115480193B (zh) * 2022-10-11 2024-05-17 山东大学 一种基于磁活性材料失稳的环境磁场监测器及其制备方法
CN119724815A (zh) * 2025-02-26 2025-03-28 西安聚能超导磁体科技股份有限公司 用于超导接头保护和磁体支撑的笼式结构及超导磁体

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CN109243754B (zh) 2023-10-27

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