WO2020045248A1 - 動画像復号装置および動画像符号化装置 - Google Patents
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
- H04N19/107—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode between spatial and temporal predictive coding, e.g. picture refresh
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- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/157—Assigned coding mode, i.e. the coding mode being predefined or preselected to be further used for selection of another element or parameter
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- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/157—Assigned coding mode, i.e. the coding mode being predefined or preselected to be further used for selection of another element or parameter
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- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/172—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
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- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/188—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a video data packet, e.g. a network abstraction layer [NAL] unit
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- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
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Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to a video decoding device and a video encoding device.
- a moving image encoding device that generates encoded data by encoding a moving image, and a moving image that generates a decoded image by decoding the encoded data
- An image decoding device is used.
- H.264 / AVC Advanced Video Coding
- H.265 / HEVC High-Efficiency Video Coding
- HEVC introduces a method of dividing a picture called a tile into rectangles.
- the tiles are mainly intended to divide a screen and execute encoding and decoding in parallel, and intra prediction, motion vector prediction, and entropy encoding operate independently for each tile.
- Non-Patent Literature 1 can be cited as a technique for encoding and decoding moving images in recent years.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a mechanism for implementing video encoding and decoding that can independently decode only a specific part of the same screen. is there.
- a video decoding device sets a partial image region in a picture for intra prediction, inter prediction, loop filter processing, and the like, and the outside of the partial image region is the same as the outside of the picture. And the region other than the partial image region in the picture is not subject to such a restriction.
- partial decoding in a picture can be realized by setting a partial image area in which prediction processing and loop filter processing are restricted in the picture.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a reference picture and a reference picture list. It is the schematic which shows the kind (mode number) of an intra prediction mode.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a partial image area and a non-partial image area according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a range in which a target block according to the present invention can be referred to. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the decoding process of a parameter decoding part.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of syntax notified to set a partial image area.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of syntax notified to set a partial image area.
- 9 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a partial image area setting procedure.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for describing setting of a partial image area map. It is a figure explaining stepwise refresh.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating syntax required for stepwise refresh.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a moving image decoding device.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a video encoding device.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a transmission device equipped with a video encoding device according to the present embodiment and a reception device equipped with a video decoding device.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a recording device equipped with a moving image encoding device according to the present embodiment and a playback device equipped with a moving image decoding device.
- (a) shows a recording device equipped with a video encoding device, and (b) shows a playback device equipped with a video decoding device.
- 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of an image transmission system according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the image transmission system 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the image transmission system 1 is a system that transmits an encoded stream obtained by encoding an encoding target image, decodes the transmitted encoded stream, and displays an image.
- the image transmission system 1 includes a moving image coding device (image coding device) 11, a network 21, a moving image decoding device (image decoding device) 31, and a moving image display device (image display device) 41. .
- the image T is input to the video encoding device 11.
- the network 21 transmits the coded stream Te generated by the video encoding device 11 to the video decoding device 31.
- the network 21 is the Internet, a wide area network (WAN: Wide Area Network), a small network (LAN: Local Area Network), or a combination thereof.
- the network 21 is not limited to a two-way communication network, but may be a one-way communication network for transmitting broadcast waves such as terrestrial digital broadcasting and satellite broadcasting.
- the network 21 may be replaced with a storage medium that records an encoded stream Te such as a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) and a BD (Blue-ray Disc).
- the video decoding device 31 decodes each of the encoded streams Te transmitted by the network 21, and generates one or a plurality of decoded images Td.
- the video display device 41 displays all or a part of one or a plurality of decoded images Td generated by the video decoding device 31.
- the moving image display device 41 includes a display device such as a liquid crystal display and an organic EL (Electro-luminescence) display. Examples of the form of the display include stationary, mobile, and HMD.
- a display device such as a liquid crystal display and an organic EL (Electro-luminescence) display. Examples of the form of the display include stationary, mobile, and HMD.
- X? Y: z is a ternary operator that takes y when x is true (other than 0) and z when x is false (0).
- Abs (a) is a function that returns the absolute value of a.
- Int (a) is a function that returns the integer value of a.
- Floor (a) is a function that returns the largest integer less than or equal to a.
- Ceil (a) is a function that returns the largest integer greater than or equal to a.
- a / d represents the division of a by d (rounded down to the decimal point).
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a hierarchical structure of data in the encoded stream Te.
- the coded stream Te illustratively includes a sequence and a plurality of pictures constituting the sequence.
- (A) to (f) of FIG. 2 respectively show an encoded video sequence defining a sequence SEQ, an encoded picture defining a picture PICT, an encoded slice defining a slice S, and an encoded slice defining slice data.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating data, an encoding tree unit included in encoded slice data, and an encoding unit included in the encoding tree unit.
- the encoded video sequence In the encoded video sequence, a set of data referred to by the video decoding device 31 to decode the sequence SEQ to be processed is defined. As shown in FIG. 2B, the sequence SEQ includes a video parameter set (Video Parameter Set), a sequence parameter set SPS (Sequence Parameter Set), a picture parameter set PPS (Picture Parameter Set), a picture PICT, and additional extension.
- Information Contains SEI (Supplemental Enhancement Information).
- the video parameter set VPS includes, in a moving image composed of a plurality of layers, a set of encoding parameters common to a plurality of moving images and a plurality of layers included in the moving image and encoding parameters related to individual layers. Sets are defined.
- the sequence parameter set SPS defines a set of encoding parameters that the video decoding device 31 refers to for decoding the target sequence. For example, the width and height of a picture are defined. Note that a plurality of SPSs may exist. In that case, one of the plurality of SPSs is selected from the PPS.
- the picture parameter set PPS defines a set of encoding parameters referred to by the video decoding device 31 to decode each picture in the target sequence. For example, a reference value (pic_init_qp_minus26) of a quantization width used for decoding a picture and a flag (weighted_pred_flag) indicating application of weighted prediction are included. Note that a plurality of PPSs may exist. In that case, any one of the plurality of PPSs is selected from each picture in the target sequence.
- the picture PICT includes slice 0 to slice NS-1 (NS is the total number of slices included in the picture PICT).
- Coding slice In the coded slice, a set of data referred to by the video decoding device 31 to decode the processing target slice S is defined.
- the slice includes a slice header and slice data, as shown in FIG.
- the slice header includes a group of encoding parameters referred to by the video decoding device 31 in order to determine a decoding method for the target slice.
- the slice type designation information (slice_type) that designates a slice type is an example of an encoding parameter included in a slice header.
- the slice types that can be specified by the slice type specification information include (1) an I slice using only intra prediction at the time of encoding, (2) a P slice using unidirectional prediction or intra prediction at the time of encoding, (3) B-slice using unidirectional prediction, bidirectional prediction, or intra prediction at the time of encoding.
- the inter prediction is not limited to uni-prediction and bi-prediction, and a prediction image may be generated using more reference pictures.
- P and B slices they indicate slices including blocks that can use inter prediction.
- the slice header may include a reference (pic_parameter_set_id) to the picture parameter set PPS.
- the slice data includes a CTU as shown in FIG. 1 (d).
- the CTU is a block of a fixed size (for example, 64 ⁇ 64) constituting a slice, and may be called a maximum coding unit (LCU: Largest Coding Unit).
- a set of data referred to by the video decoding device 31 for decoding the processing target CTU is defined.
- the CTU is based on a recursive quadtree (QT (Quad Tree)), binary (BT (Binary Tree)) or ternary (TT (Ternary Tree)) coding process. Is divided into coding units CU, which are typical units.
- the BT division and the TT division are collectively called a multi-tree division (MT (Multi Tree) division).
- MT Multi Tree division
- a tree-structured node obtained by recursive quad-tree division is called a coding node.
- Intermediate nodes of the quadtree, the binary tree, and the ternary tree are coding nodes, and the CTU itself is defined as the highest coding node.
- CT includes, as CT information, a QT split flag (cu_split_flag) indicating whether or not to perform QT split, an MT split mode (split_mt_mode) indicating a split method of MT split, and an MT split direction (split_mt_dir) indicating a split direction of MT split.
- MT split type indicating the split type of the MT split. cu_split_flag, split_mt_flag, split_mt_dir, split_mt_type ⁇ are transmitted for each coding node.
- the coding node is divided into four coding nodes (FIG. 2 (b)).
- cu_split_flag is 0, if split_mt_flag is 0, the coding node is not divided and has one CU as a node (FIG. 2 (a)).
- CU is a terminal node of the coding node and is not further divided.
- the CU is a basic unit of the encoding process.
- split_mt_flag the encoded node is divided into MTs as follows.
- split_mt_type is 0, when split_mt_dir is 1, the coding node is horizontally divided into two coding nodes (FIG. 2 (d)), and when split_mt_dir is 0, the coding node is vertical to the two coding nodes. It is divided (Fig. 2 (c)).
- split_mt_type is 1, if split_mt_dir is 1, the coding node is horizontally divided into three coding nodes (FIG. 2 (f)), and if split_mt_dir is 0, the coding node becomes three coding nodes. (FIG. 2 (e)).
- the CU size is 64x64 pixels, 64x32 pixels, 32x64 pixels, 32x32 pixels, 64x16 pixels, 16x64 pixels, 32x16 pixels, 16x32 pixels, 16x16 pixels, 64x8 pixels, 8x64 pixels 32x8 pixels, 8x32 pixels, 16x8 pixels, 8x16 pixels, 8x8 pixels, 64x4 pixels, 4x64 pixels, 32x4 pixels, 4x32 pixels, 16x4 pixels, 4x16 pixels, 8x4 pixels, 4x8 pixels, and any of 4x4 pixels .
- the CU includes a CU header CUH, a prediction parameter, a conversion parameter, a quantized transform coefficient, and the like.
- the prediction mode and the like are defined in the CU header.
- the prediction process is performed in units of CUs, or in units of sub-CUs obtained by further dividing the CU.
- the sizes of the CU and the sub-CU are equal, there is one sub-CU in the CU.
- the CU is split into sub-CUs. For example, if the CU is 8x8 and the sub-CU is 4x4, the CU is divided into four sub-CUs, which are divided into two horizontal parts and two vertical parts.
- Intra prediction is prediction within the same picture
- inter prediction refers to prediction processing performed between different pictures (for example, between display times and between layer images).
- the quantized transform coefficients may be entropy-coded in subblock units such as 4 ⁇ 4.
- the prediction image is derived from prediction parameters associated with the block.
- the prediction parameters include intra prediction and inter prediction prediction parameters.
- the inter prediction parameter includes a prediction list use flag predFlagL0, predFlagL1, a reference picture index refIdxL0, refIdxL1, and a motion vector mvL0, mvL1.
- the prediction list use flags predFlagL0 and predFlagL1 are flags indicating whether reference picture lists called L0 list and L1 list are used, respectively. When the value is 1, the corresponding reference picture list is used.
- a flag other than 0 for example, 1) is XX, 0 is not XX, and logical negation, logical product, etc. Treat 1 as true and 0 as false (the same applies hereinafter).
- other values can be used as a true value and a false value in an actual device or method.
- inter prediction parameters include, for example, merge flag merge_flag, merge index merge_idx, inter prediction identifier inter_pred_idc, reference picture index refIdxLX, prediction vector index mvp_LX_idx, and difference vector mvdLX.
- the reference picture list is a list including reference pictures stored in the reference picture memory 306.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a reference picture and a reference picture list in a picture structure for low delay.
- a rectangle is a picture
- an arrow is a picture reference relationship
- a horizontal axis is time
- I, P, and B in the rectangle are intra pictures
- uni-prediction pictures bi-prediction pictures
- numbers in the rectangle are decoding. Indicates the order.
- the decoding order of pictures is I0, P1 / B1, P2 / B2, P3 / B3, P4 / B4, and the display order is the same.
- FIG. (B) in the figure shows an example of a reference picture list of picture B3 (target picture).
- the reference picture list is a list representing reference picture candidates, and one picture (slice) may have one or more reference picture lists.
- the target picture B3 has two reference picture lists, an L0 list RefPicList0 and an L1 list RefPicList1.
- the reference picture list is only the L0 list.
- LX is a description method used when L0 prediction and L1 prediction are not distinguished, and hereinafter, LX is replaced with L0 and L1 to distinguish between parameters for the L0 list and parameters for the L1 list.
- the prediction parameter decoding (encoding) method includes a merge prediction (merge) mode and an AMVP (Adaptive Motion Vector Prediction) mode.
- a merge flag merge_flag is a flag for identifying these.
- the merge prediction mode is a mode in which a prediction list use flag predFlagLX (or an inter prediction identifier inter_pred_idc), a reference picture index refIdxLX, and a motion vector mvLX are not included in encoded data but are derived from prediction parameters of already processed neighboring blocks.
- the merge index merge_idx is an index indicating which prediction parameter is used as the prediction parameter of the target block among the prediction parameter candidates (merge candidates) derived from the processed block.
- the AMVP mode is a mode in which an inter prediction identifier inter_pred_idc, a reference picture index refIdxLX, and a motion vector mvLX are included in encoded data.
- the motion vector mvLX is encoded as a prediction vector index mvp_LX_idx for identifying the prediction vector mvpLX and a difference vector mvdLX.
- the inter prediction identifier inter_pred_idc is a value indicating the type and number of reference pictures, and takes one of PRED_L0, PRED_L1, and PRED_BI.
- PRED_L0 and PRED_L1 indicate uni-prediction using one reference picture managed by the L0 list and the L1 list, respectively.
- PRED_BI indicates bi-prediction BiPred using two reference pictures managed by the L0 list and the L1 list.
- the motion vector mvLX indicates a shift amount between blocks on two different pictures.
- the prediction vector and the difference vector related to the motion vector mvLX are called a prediction vector mvpLX and a difference vector mvdLX, respectively.
- the intra prediction parameters include a luminance prediction mode IntraPredModeY and a color difference prediction mode IntraPredModeC.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing types (mode numbers) of intra prediction modes. As shown in the figure, there are, for example, 67 types (0 to 66) of intra prediction modes. For example, Planar prediction (0), DC prediction (1), Angular prediction (2-66). Further, for the color difference, an LM mode (67 to 72) may be added.
- ⁇ ⁇ Syntax elements for deriving intra prediction parameters include, for example, prev_intra_luma_pred_flag, mpm_idx, rem_selected_mode_flag, rem_selected_mode, rem_non_selected_mode, and the like.
- MPM prev_intra_luma_pred_flag is a flag indicating whether or not the luminance prediction mode IntraPredModeY of the target block matches the MPM (Most Probable Mode).
- MPM is a prediction mode included in the MPM candidate list mpmCandList [].
- the MPM candidate list is a list that stores candidates estimated to have a high probability of being applied to the target block from the intra prediction mode of a neighboring block and a predetermined intra prediction mode.
- the prev_intra_luma_pred_flag is 1, the luminance prediction mode IntraPredModeY of the target block is derived using the MPM candidate list and the index mpm_idx.
- IntraPredModeY mpmCandList [mpm_idx] (REM)
- the intra prediction mode is selected from the remaining modes RemIntraPredMode excluding the intra prediction mode included in the MPM candidate list from the entire intra prediction mode.
- An intra prediction mode that can be selected as RemIntraPredMode is called “non-MPM” or “REM”.
- the flag rem_selected_mode_flag is a flag for specifying whether to refer to the rem_selected_mode to select the intra prediction mode or to refer to the rem_non_selected_mode to select the intra prediction mode.
- RemIntraPredMode is derived using rem_selected_mode or rem_non_selected_mode.
- Partial image area encoding / decoding area A partial image area is set in the same picture, and the partial image area performs encoding and decoding processing without using pixels in other areas, and the other area performs encoding and decoding processing using the entire picture.
- a moving image encoding and decoding method characterized by the above will be described.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the region A and the region B of the present invention.
- the areas A and B in the picture are set.
- the area A and the area B are set by a partial image area control unit described later.
- the region A can be predicted only from the region A, and the outside of the region performs the same processing such as padding as the outside of the picture or tile.
- the region B can be predicted from the entire picture including the region A.
- the prediction processing refers to intra prediction, inter prediction, loop filter processing, and the like.
- the area A since the encoding and decoding processes are closed in the area A, only the area A can be decoded.
- the area A is referred to as a partial image area (first area, control area, clean area, refreshed area, area A).
- an area other than the partial image area is also referred to as a non-partial image area (second area, non-control area, dirty area, unrefreshed area, area B, outside the restricted area).
- a region that is coded / decoded only from intra prediction and a region that has already been coded in intra prediction is a partial image region.
- the region to be coded / decoded is also a partial image region.
- a region to be coded / decoded with reference to a partial image region in a reference picture, such as inter prediction is also a partial image region. That is, the partial image area is an area that is encoded / decoded by referring to only the pixels of the partial image area without referring to the pixels of the non-partial image area.
- the upper left position of the partial image area is indicated by (xRA_st, yRA_st), the lower right position by (xRA_en, yRA_en), and the size by (wRA, hRA). Since the position and the size have the following relationship, the other may be derived from one.
- xRA_en xRA_st + wRA-1
- yRA_en yRA_st + hRA-1
- the upper left position of the restricted reference area at time j is (xRA_st [j], yRA_st [j])
- the lower right position is (xRA_en [j], yRA_en [j])
- the size is (wRA [j], hRA [ j]).
- the position of the restricted reference area of the reference picture Ref is (xRA_st [Ref], yRA_st [Ref])
- the lower right position is (xRA_en [Ref], yRA_en [Ref]
- the size is (wRA [Ref], hRA [ Ref]).
- Determination of partial image area For example, when a certain picture is at time i and the position of a certain block is (x, y), it may be determined whether the pixel at the position is within the partial image area by the following formula.
- the following determination formula may be used.
- the upper left coordinate of the current block Pb is (xPb, yPb)
- the width and height are bW and bH
- the following determination formula may be used.
- the moving picture coding device and the moving picture decoding device in this specification perform the following operations.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a range in which a partial image region can be referred to in intra prediction, inter prediction, and a loop filter according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6A shows a range in which the target block included in the partial image area can be referred to.
- the area surrounded by the thick line in the picture of FIG. 6A is an area that has been encoded and decoded and that is included in the partial image area.
- the already encoded / decoded region included in the partial image region in the same picture (target image i) as the target block is a range in which the target block can be referred to by intra prediction, inter prediction, and a loop filter.
- the partial image region in the reference picture is a range in which the target block can be referred to by the inter prediction and the loop filter.
- FIG. 6B shows a range in which the target block included in the non-partial image area can be referred to.
- the area surrounded by a thick line in the picture of FIG. 6B is an area that has already been encoded and decoded in the target picture.
- the already coded or decoded area in the target picture (target image i) is a range in which the target block can be referred to in intra prediction and inter prediction.
- all the regions in the reference picture (reference image j) are in a range that can be referred to in the inter prediction.
- the target block included in the partial image region performs intra prediction referring only to the pixels of the partial image region in the target picture or inter prediction referring to the restricted reference region of the reference picture.
- the target block included in the partial image region refers to a coding parameter (for example, an intra prediction direction, a motion vector, or a reference picture index) of the partial image region in the target picture or a code of a restricted reference region of the reference picture.
- the coding parameter of the target block is derived with reference to the coding parameter.
- the loop filter process is performed with reference to only the pixels in the partial image region in the target picture.
- prediction parameters (intra prediction mode, motion vector) of a target block may be derived using prediction parameters of an adjacent region.
- the following processing may be performed.
- the target block is a partial image region (IsRA (xPb, yPb) is true) in the intra prediction and the inter prediction and the reference position (xNbX, yNbX) of a block adjacent to the target block is a non-partial image region (IsRA (xNbX, yNbX) Is false)
- the value of the adjacent block is not used for deriving the prediction parameter.
- the target block is a partial image region (IsRA (xPb, yPb) is true) and the reference position (xNbX, yNbX) of a block adjacent to the target block is a partial image region (IsRA (xNbX, yNbX) is true).
- the position (xNbX, yNbX) is used for deriving a prediction parameter.
- the motion compensation unit derives the case where the reference pixel is in the restricted reference area using the following determination formula.
- the following determination formula may be used.
- the motion compensation unit may clip the reference pixel to a position in the partial image area using the following equation.
- xRef Clip3 (xRA_st [j], xRA_en [j], xRef)
- yRef Clip3 (yRA_st [j], yRA_en [j], yRef)
- the following derivation formula may be used.
- xRef Clip3 (xRA_st [j], xRA_st [j] + wRA [j] -1, xRef)
- yRef Clip3 (yRA_st [j], yRA_st [j] + hRA [j] -1, yRef)
- the position of the partial image area is transmitted from the moving picture coding apparatus to the moving picture decoding apparatus by stepwise refresh information described later. Note that the position and size of the partial image area are not derived according to the time (for example, POC), after decoding the current picture, or at the start of decoding of the current picture, by setting the reference picture Ref in the reference memory. Is also good. In this case, by specifying the reference picture Ref, the position and size of the partial image area can be derived.
- SDR picture The entire picture of an IDR (Instantaneous Decoder Refresh) picture in AVC or HEVC is an intra CTU, is random accessible, and realizes random access of encoded data as a picture that can be decoded independently.
- a picture in which all partial image regions are intra-coded is identified as a NDR (Network Abstraction Layer) nal_unit_type as an SDR (Sequentially Decoder Refresh) picture.
- the partial screen area in the picture can be decoded independently, and the partial screen area can be randomly accessed.
- the whole picture is intra
- a part of the picture is intra, so that the variation in code amount is small.
- the parameter decoding unit 302 sets a partial image area in the SDR picture, for example, as follows. -Set the partial image area as a rectangle defined by the coordinates of the upper left CTU and the number of CTUs of width and height. A partial image area is set as a rectangle defined by the upper left pixel position and the number of pixels of width and height. -A plurality of partial image areas are set in one picture. -Set partial image areas so that a plurality of partial image areas overlap.
- a plurality of partial image areas overlapping each other indicates that, for example, a plurality of partial image areas included in one picture may include CTUs at the same position.
- each partial image region of a plurality of pictures in a GOP may overlap with each other.
- the overlapping of the respective partial image regions means that the partial image region set in the SDR picture and the partial image region set in the next picture of the SDR picture include the CTU at the same position.
- the number of pictures in which the partial image areas overlap with each other is not particularly limited, and is a plurality of pictures consecutive from the SDR picture in the GOP.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of a process performed by the parameter decoding unit 302.
- Step S1 Decoding starts, and the process proceeds to step S2.
- Step S2 The parameter decoding unit 302 determines whether or not the current picture is an SDR picture, based on the nal_unit_type of the NAL. If it is an SDR picture, the process proceeds to S3, and if it is not an SDR picture, the process proceeds to S4.
- Step S3 The partial image area included in the target picture is set as an area to be decoded by intra prediction, and the process proceeds to S4.
- Step S4 Parameter decoding section 302 decodes the current picture.
- the moving image decoding device 31 can decode a moving image of only a partial image region of a continuous picture from an SDR picture.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a syntax notified to set a partial image area.
- partial_region_mode is information for specifying whether to define a partial image region in a picture.
- the entropy decoding unit 301 included in the video decoding device 31 determines that the setting of the partial image region is necessary, and decodes num_of_patial_region_minus1.
- Num_of_patial_region_minus1 indicates “the number of partial image regions ⁇ 1” in the picture.
- position_ctu_adress [i] indicates the address of the upper left CTU of the i-th partial image area among the plurality in the picture.
- region_ctu_width_minus1 [i] indicates the i-th “the number of CTUs of the partial image area in the horizontal direction ⁇ 1” out of a plurality in the picture.
- region_ctu_height_minus1 [i] indicates the i-th “the number of CTUs of the partial image area in the vertical direction—1” among the plurality in the picture.
- the entropy decoding unit 301 adds 1 to i until i becomes equal to the value of num_of_patial_region_minus1, and decodes position_ctu_adress [i], region_ctu_width_minus1 [i], and region_ctu_height_minus1 [i].
- num_of_patial_region_minus1 position_ctu_adress [i] region_ctu_width_minus1 [i] region_ctu_height_minus1 [i] is an example of area information for specifying a partial image area.
- first_slice_segment_in_pic_flag is a flag indicating whether or not the slice is the first slice in decoding order. If first_slice_segment_in_pic_flag is 1, it indicates the first slice. When first_slice_segment_in_pic_flag is 0, it indicates that the slice is not the first slice. When first_slice_segment_in_pic_flag is 1, partial_region_mode is set, and entropy decoding section 301 included in video decoding apparatus 31 decodes num_of_patial_region_minus1.
- Num_of_patial_region_minus1 indicates “the number of partial image regions ⁇ 1” in the slice.
- position_ctu_adress [i] indicates the address of the upper left CTU of the i-th partial image area among the plurality in the slice.
- region_ctu_width_minus1 [i] indicates the i-th “the number of CTUs of the partial image region in the horizontal direction ⁇ 1” out of a plurality of slices.
- region_ctu_height_minus1 [i] indicates the i-th “the number of CTUs of the partial image region in the vertical direction—1” among the plurality in the slice.
- the entropy decoding unit 301 adds 1 to i until i becomes equal to the value of num_of_patial_region_minus1, and decodes position_ctu_adress [i], region_ctu_width_minus1 [i], and region_ctu_height_minus1 [i].
- num_of_patial_region_minus1 position_ctu_adress [i] region_ctu_width_minus1 [i] region_ctu_height_minus1 [i] is an example of area information for specifying a partial image area.
- one CTU is the minimum unit, but one or more CTU columns, or one or more CTU rows and multiple CTUs may be set as the minimum unit.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a flow of processing performed by the moving image decoding device 31 when a partial image region is defined in the picture parameter set.
- Step S1 The decoding process is started and the process proceeds to step S2.
- Step S2 If the entropy decoding unit 301 is in partial_region_mode (when partial_region_mode is 1), the process proceeds to step S3. If it is not partial_region_mode (when partial_region_mode is 0), the process proceeds to step S4.
- Step S3 In the case of partial_region_mode, the entropy decoding unit 301 decodes each syntax included in the region information, and the partial image region control unit 320 defines a partial image region specified by each syntax, and ends the processing. I do.
- the specific setting process of the partial image area is as described above.
- Step S4 If it is not partial_region_mode, the video decoding device 31 deletes the partial image region, and ends the processing.
- the parameter decoding unit 302 may be configured to set a partial image region map (partial_region_map) as information indicating the position of the partial image region for each picture.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the syntax notified to set the partial image area.
- partial_region_map is a syntax indicating whether or not a partial screen region for each CTU in a picture.
- the entropy decoding unit 301 included in the video decoding device 31 determines that the region is a partial image region, and when the partial_region_map is 0, the region is a non-partial image region.
- partial_region_mode is information for specifying whether to define a partial image region in a picture.
- PicHeightInCtbsY indicates the number of CTUs in the vertical direction of the picture
- PicWidthInCtbsY indicates the number of CTUs in the horizontal direction of the picture.
- the partial image region control unit 320 of the parameter decoding unit 302 may be configured to set a partial image region with reference to the partial_region_map generated in this manner.
- the information of the partial_region_map indicating the position of the partial image region stored for each picture is managed by the DPB (Decoder @ Picture @ Buffer) of the decoded picture memory. Also, the information of the partial_region_map is stored in the reference picture list of the reference picture memory 306 for use in inter prediction performed by the prediction image generation unit 308.
- the order of decoding and encoding of the CTU is such that the video decoding device 31 performs raster scan on a picture or tile basis without distinguishing the CTU in the partial image area and the CTU in the non-partial image area.
- the moving picture coding apparatus 11 performs the decoding in order and performs the coding in the raster scan order without distinguishing the CTU in the partial image area and the CTU in the non-partial image area.
- the entropy coding unit 104 performs entropy coding without distinguishing between the partial image region and the non-partial image region
- the entropy decoding unit 301 performs independent processing on the partial image region and the non-partial image region. And performs entropy decoding. More specifically, the entropy encoding unit 104 and the entropy decoding unit 301 are configured to update the context continuously in the partial image region and the non-partial image region.
- the order of decoding and encoding of the CTU is a partial image area, It may be independent from the non-partial image area.
- the video decoding device 31 decodes the CTU in the partial image region and the CTU in the non-partial image region independently of each other in the raster scan order, and the video encoding device 11 And the CTU in the non-partial image area may be encoded independently of each other in raster scan order.
- entropy coding section 104 performs entropy coding independently in the partial image area and non-partial image area
- entropy decoding section 301 performs independent entropy decoding in the partial image area and non-partial image area. May be configured to perform entropy decoding. More specifically, the entropy encoding unit 104 and the entropy decoding unit 301 may be configured to update the context independently in the partial image region and the non-partial image region.
- the partial image area is initially set with the SDR picture.
- a moving image signal in which a temporally continuous partial image region is set is encoded by the moving image encoding device 11 to create a bit stream.
- the video decoding device 31 upon finding an SDR picture from the nal_unit_type of the NAL in the bit stream, the video decoding device 31 performs intra coding and loop filter processing on the partial image area of the SDR picture without referring to the non-partial area. Therefore, the partial image area can be correctly decoded.
- the partial image area of the picture to be decoded thereafter does not refer to the non-partial image area in the case of inter-coding, and the intra-coding and loop filter processing do not refer to the non-partial image area of the picture. It can be guaranteed that the image area can be correctly decoded.
- intra-refresh is to set a region to be intra-coded in a part of a picture, move the region temporally in the picture, and perform intra-coding of the entire picture within a certain period. How to By intra-coding a picture within a certain period and performing intra-coding, the entire picture is intra-coded without increasing the code amount of a specific picture, random access is realized, and errors in the bit stream are eliminated. The purpose is to realize the recovery from the error in the case of the error.
- encoding and decoding of a partial screen area, the use of SDR pictures, and the function of stepwise refresh equivalent to intra refresh are realized.
- FIG. 12 (a) is a diagram for explaining the outline of the stepwise refresh according to the present embodiment.
- the parameter encoding unit 111 sets a partial image region A in a part of a picture, and starts from an SDR picture in which the partial image region is intra-coded,
- the screen area A temporally includes the previous partial image area, and when the area is increased and the partial screen area A becomes the entire picture, the stage refresh is completed.
- the video decoding apparatus 31 can decode the entire picture correctly by decoding the SDR picture from the bit stream for the first time using the access point as an access point until the area A becomes the entire picture.
- the method of setting the partial image area may be explicitly specified in the PPS or the slice header in the method described in the first embodiment, or when the seq_refresh_enable_flag described later is 1, the partial image area is set in the SDR picture. Thereafter, the partial image area may be implicitly increased for every 1 CTU column, 1 CTU row, or 1 CTU in the coding order of the pictures.
- the self refers to another picture, but in a non-reference picture that is not referred to by another picture, the partial image area does not have to be set.
- FIG. 12 (b) is a diagram illustrating an outline of another stepwise refresh of the present embodiment.
- the parameter encoding unit 111 sets a partial image region A in a part of a picture, and starts from an SDR picture in which the partial image region is intra-coded,
- the screen area A temporally includes the previous partial image area and increases the area.
- the increased partial image area is intra-coded.
- the partial screen area A becomes the entire picture, the step refresh is completed. Since the increased partial image region is hard to be inter-prediction predicted in the time direction, the partial image region may be encoded with reference to the encoding parameter.
- the video decoding apparatus 31 can decode the entire picture correctly by decoding the SDR picture from the bit stream for the first time using the access point as an access point until the area A becomes the entire picture.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the syntax notified to realize the gradual refresh.
- FIG. 13 shows syntax (stepwise refresh information) notified by a sequence parameter set (SPS).
- seq_refresh_enable_flag is a flag indicating whether or not to use gradual refresh in pictures subsequent to the SDR picture.
- the parameter decoding unit 302 decodes the stepwise refresh information, and the video decoding device 31 decodes using the stepwise refresh when the seq_refresh_enable_flag flag is 1, and does not use the stepwise refresh when it is 0.
- seq_refresh_enable_flag is 1, the parameter decoding unit 302 decodes seq_refresh_period.
- seq_refresh_period indicates the number of pictures from the SDR picture, which is a random access point, until the entire picture can be correctly decoded. At this time, the number of non-reference pictures need not be counted.
- the video decoding device 31 includes an entropy decoding unit 301, a parameter decoding unit (prediction image decoding device) 302, a loop filter 305, a reference picture memory 306, a prediction parameter memory 307, a prediction image generation unit (prediction image generation device) 308, and an inverse. It is configured to include a quantization / inverse transforming unit 311 and an adding unit 312. In addition, there is also a configuration in which the moving image decoding device 31 does not include the loop filter 305 in accordance with the moving image encoding device 11 described later.
- the parameter decoding unit 302 includes a partial image region control unit 320, and the partial image region control unit 320 includes a header decoding unit 3020, a CT information decoding unit 3021, and a CU decoding unit 3022 (predictive mode decoding unit), not shown.
- the CU decoding unit 3022 further includes a TU decoding unit 3024.
- the header decoding unit 3020 decodes parameter set information such as VPS, SPS, and PPS from the encoded data.
- the header decoding unit 3020 decodes a slice header (slice information) from the encoded data.
- the CT information decoding unit 3021 decodes a CT from the encoded data.
- the CU decoding unit 3022 decodes the CU from the encoded data.
- the TU decoding unit 3024 decodes the QP update information (quantization correction value) and the quantization prediction error (residual_coding) from the encoded data.
- the parameter decoding unit 302 includes an inter prediction parameter decoding unit 303 and an intra prediction parameter decoding unit 304 (not shown).
- the prediction image generation unit 308 includes an inter prediction image generation unit 309 and an intra prediction image generation unit 310.
- CTUs and CUs are used as processing units.
- the present invention is not limited to this example, and processing may be performed in sub-CU units.
- the CTU, CU, and TU may be read as blocks and sub-CUs as sub-blocks, and the processing may be performed on a block or sub-block basis.
- the entropy decoding unit 301 performs entropy decoding on the encoded stream Te input from the outside, and separates and decodes individual codes (syntax elements).
- Entropy coding includes a method of performing variable-length coding of syntax elements using a context (probability model) adaptively selected according to the type of the syntax elements and surrounding conditions, and a predetermined table or There is a method of performing variable-length coding on syntax elements using a calculation formula.
- a representative of the former is CABAC (Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding).
- the separated codes include prediction information for generating a predicted image, prediction errors for generating a difference image, and the like.
- Entropy decoding section 301 outputs a part of the separated code to parameter decoding section 302.
- the part of the separated code includes, for example, a prediction mode predMode, a merge flag merge_flag, a merge index merge_idx, an inter prediction identifier inter_pred_idc, a reference picture index refIdxLX, a prediction vector index mvp_LX_idx, and a difference vector mvdLX.
- Control of which code is to be decoded is performed based on an instruction from the parameter decoding unit 302.
- Entropy decoding section 301 outputs the quantized transform coefficient to inverse quantization / inverse transform section 311.
- the loop filter 305 is a filter provided in the encoding loop, which removes block distortion and ringing distortion and improves image quality.
- the loop filter 305 applies filters such as a deblocking filter 3051, a sample adaptive offset (SAO), and an adaptive loop filter (ALF) to the decoded image of the CU generated by the adding unit 312.
- filters such as a deblocking filter 3051, a sample adaptive offset (SAO), and an adaptive loop filter (ALF) to the decoded image of the CU generated by the adding unit 312.
- the reference picture memory 306 stores the decoded image of the CU generated by the adding unit 312 at a predetermined position for each of the target picture and the target CU.
- the prediction parameter memory 307 stores the prediction parameter at a predetermined position for each CTU or CU to be decoded. Specifically, the prediction parameter memory 307 stores the parameters decoded by the parameter decoding unit 302, the prediction mode predMode separated by the entropy decoding unit 301, and the like.
- the prediction mode predMode, prediction parameters, and the like are input to the prediction image generation unit 308. Further, the predicted image generation unit 308 reads a reference picture from the reference picture memory 306. The prediction image generation unit 308 generates a prediction image of a block or a sub-block in the prediction mode (intra prediction, inter prediction) indicated by the prediction mode predMode, using the prediction parameters and the read reference picture (reference picture block).
- the reference picture block is a group of pixels on the reference picture (usually called a block because it is rectangular), and is an area to be referred to for generating a predicted image.
- Inter prediction image generation unit 309 uses the inter prediction parameter input from the inter prediction parameter decoding unit 303 and the reference picture to perform a prediction image of a block or sub block by inter prediction. Generate
- the motion compensation unit 3091 (interpolated image generation unit), based on the inter prediction parameters (predFlagLX, reference picture index refIdxLX, motion vector mvLX) input from the inter prediction parameter decoding unit 303, Then, an interpolated image (motion-compensated image) is generated by reading a block at a position shifted by the motion vector mvLX from the position of the target block in the reference picture RefLX specified by the reference picture index refIdxLX.
- a filter called a motion compensation filter for generating a pixel at a decimal position is applied to generate a motion compensated image.
- the motion compensation unit 3091 derives an integer position (xInt, yInt) and a phase (xFrac, yFrac) corresponding to the coordinates (x, y) in the predicted block by the following formula.
- the motion compensation unit 3091 derives a temporary image temp [] [] by performing horizontal interpolation processing on the reference picture refImg using an interpolation filter.
- shift1 is a normalization parameter for adjusting the value range
- offset1 1 ⁇ (shift1-1).
- the motion compensation unit 3091 derives an interpolated image Pred [] [] from the temporary image temp [] [] by performing vertical interpolation processing.
- shift2 is a normalization parameter for adjusting the value range
- offset2 1 ⁇ (shift2-1).
- Pred [x] [y] ( ⁇ mcFilter [yFrac] [k] * temp [x] [y + k-NTAP / 2 + 1] + offset2) >> shift2
- the above Pred [] [] is derived for each of the L0 list and the L1 list (referred to as interpolation images PredL0 [] [] and PredL1 [] []), and the interpolation image PredL0 [] []
- an interpolation image Pred [] [] is generated from the interpolation image PredL1 [] [].
- the weight prediction unit 3094 generates a prediction image of the block by multiplying the motion compensation image PredLX by a weight coefficient.
- PredFlagL0 or predFlagL1 is 1 (simple prediction) and weight prediction is not used, the following equation processing is performed to adjust the motion compensation image PredLX (LX is L0 or L1) to the pixel bit number bitDepth. I do.
- Pred [x] [y] Clip3 (0, (1 ⁇ bitDepth) -1, (PredLX [x] [y] + offset1) >> shift1)
- shift1 14-bitDepth
- offset1 1 ⁇ (shift1-1).
- Pred [x] [y] Clip3 (0, (1 ⁇ bitDepth) -1, (PredL0 [x] [y] + PredL1 [x] [y] + offset2) >> shift2)
- shift2 15-bitDepth
- offset2 1 ⁇ (shift2-1).
- the weight prediction unit 3094 derives a weight prediction coefficient w0 and an offset o0 from the encoded data, and performs the processing of the following equation.
- Pred [x] [y] Clip3 (0, (1 ⁇ bitDepth) -1, ((PredLX [x] [y] * w0 + 2 ⁇ (log2WD-1)) >> log2WD) + o0)
- log2WD is a variable indicating a predetermined shift amount.
- the weight prediction unit 3094 derives weight prediction coefficients w0, w1, o0, and o1 from the encoded data, and performs the processing of the following equation.
- Pred [x] [y] Clip3 (0, (1 ⁇ bitDepth) -1, (PredL0 [x] [y] * w0 + PredL1 [x] [y] * w1 + ((o0 + o1 + 1) ⁇ log2WD))>> (log2WD + 1))
- the inter prediction image generation unit 309 outputs the generated prediction image of the block to the addition unit 312.
- the intra prediction image generation unit 310 performs intra prediction using the intra prediction parameters input from the intra prediction parameter decoding unit 304 and the reference pixels read from the reference picture memory 306.
- the intra-prediction image generation unit 310 reads, from the reference picture memory 306, an adjacent block in the target picture within a predetermined range from the target block.
- the predetermined range is an adjacent block on the left, upper left, upper, and upper right of the target block, and a reference area differs depending on the intra prediction mode.
- the intra-prediction image generation unit 310 generates a prediction image of the target block with reference to the read decoded pixel value and the prediction mode indicated by the intra prediction mode IntraPredMode.
- the intra prediction image generation unit 310 outputs the generated prediction image to the addition unit 312.
- the inverse quantization / inverse transform unit 311 inversely quantizes the quantized transform coefficient input from the entropy decoding unit 301 to obtain a transform coefficient.
- the quantized transform coefficients are used for DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform, Discrete Cosine Transform), DST (Discrete Sine Transform, Discrete Sine Transform), KLT (Karyhnen Loeve Transform, Karhunen-Loeve Transform) Is a coefficient obtained by performing frequency conversion and quantization.
- the inverse quantization / inverse transform unit 311 performs an inverse frequency transform such as an inverse DCT, an inverse DST, an inverse KLT on the obtained transform coefficient, and calculates a prediction error.
- the inverse quantization / inverse transforming unit 311 outputs the prediction error to the adding unit 312.
- the addition unit 312 adds the prediction image of the block input from the prediction image generation unit 308 and the prediction error input from the inverse quantization / inverse transformation unit 311 for each pixel to generate a decoded image of the block.
- the adding unit 312 stores the decoded image of the block in the reference picture memory 306, and outputs the decoded image to the loop filter 305.
- FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the video encoding device 11 according to the present embodiment.
- the moving picture coding apparatus 11 includes a prediction image generation unit 101, a subtraction unit 102, a transformation / quantization unit 103, an inverse quantization / inverse transformation unit 105, an addition unit 106, a loop filter 107, a prediction parameter memory (a prediction parameter storage unit) , Frame memory) 108, reference picture memory (reference image storage unit, frame memory) 109, coding parameter determination unit 110, parameter coding unit 111, and entropy coding unit 104.
- the predicted image generation unit 101 generates a predicted image for each CU which is an area obtained by dividing each picture of the image T.
- the operation of the predicted image generation unit 101 is the same as that of the predicted image generation unit 308 described above, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the subtraction unit 102 generates a prediction error by subtracting the pixel value of the predicted image of the block input from the predicted image generation unit 101 from the pixel value of the image T. Subtraction section 102 outputs the prediction error to transform / quantization section 103.
- Transform / quantization section 103 calculates a transform coefficient by frequency transformation with respect to the prediction error input from subtraction section 102, and derives a quantized transform coefficient by quantization. Transform / quantization section 103 outputs the quantized transform coefficient to entropy encoding section 104 and inverse quantization / inverse transform section 105.
- the inverse quantization / inverse transform unit 105 is the same as the inverse quantization / inverse transform unit 311 (FIG. 26) in the video decoding device 31, and the description is omitted.
- the calculated prediction error is output to addition section 106.
- the parameter encoding unit 111 includes a partial image region control unit 120, an inter prediction parameter encoding unit 112 (not shown), and an intra prediction parameter encoding unit 113.
- the partial image area control unit 120 includes a header encoding unit 1110, a CT information encoding unit 1111, a CU encoding unit 1112 (prediction mode encoding unit), an inter prediction parameter encoding unit 112 (not shown), and intra prediction parameter encoding.
- a portion 113 is provided.
- the CU encoding unit 1112 further includes a TU encoding unit 1114.
- the parameter encoding unit 111 performs an encoding process on parameters such as header information, division information, prediction information, and quantized transform coefficients.
- the CT information encoding unit 1111 encodes QT, MT (BT, TT) division information and the like from the encoded data.
- CU encoding section 1112 encodes CU information, prediction information, TU division flag split_transform_flag, CU residual flag cbf_cb, cbf_cr, cbf_luma, and the like.
- TU encoding section 1114 encodes QP update information (quantization correction value) and quantization prediction error (residual_coding) when the TU includes a prediction error.
- the entropy encoding unit 104 converts the syntax element supplied from the source into binary data, generates encoded data by an entropy encoding method such as CABAC, and outputs the encoded data.
- the source of the syntax element is a CT information encoding unit 1111 and a CU encoding unit 1112.
- Syntax elements are inter prediction parameters (predMode predMode, merge flag merge_flag, merge index merge_idx, inter prediction identifier inter_pred_idc, reference picture index refIdxLX, prediction vector index mvp_LX_idx, difference vector mvdLX), intra prediction parameters (prev_intra_luma_pred_flag, mp_selected , Rem_selected_mode, rem_non_selected_mode,), quantized transform coefficients, and the like.
- inter prediction parameters predMode predMode, merge flag merge_flag, merge index merge_idx, inter prediction identifier inter_pred_idc, reference picture index refIdxLX, prediction vector index mvp_LX_idx, difference vector mvdLX
- intra prediction parameters prev_intra_luma_pred_flag, mp_selected , Rem_selected_mode, rem_non_s
- the entropy coding unit 104 generates and outputs a coded stream Te by performing entropy coding on the division information, the prediction parameters, the quantized transform coefficients, and the like.
- the inter prediction parameter coding unit 112 derives the inter prediction parameters based on the prediction parameters input from the coding parameter determination unit 110.
- Inter prediction parameter coding section 112 includes a configuration that is partially the same as the configuration in which inter prediction parameter decoding section 303 derives the inter prediction parameters.
- the intra prediction parameter coding unit 113 derives a coding format (for example, mpm_idx, rem_intra_luma_pred_mode, etc.) from the intra prediction mode IntraPredMode input from the coding parameter determination unit 110.
- the intra prediction parameter coding unit 113 includes a part of the same configuration as the configuration in which the intra prediction parameter decoding unit 304 derives the intra prediction parameters.
- the addition unit 106 generates a decoded image by adding the pixel value of the prediction image of the block input from the prediction image generation unit 101 and the prediction error input from the inverse quantization / inverse conversion unit 105 for each pixel.
- the adding unit 106 stores the generated decoded image in the reference picture memory 109.
- the loop filter 107 applies a deblocking filter, SAO, and ALF to the decoded image generated by the adding unit 106.
- the loop filter 107 does not necessarily need to include the above three types of filters, and may have, for example, a configuration including only a deblocking filter.
- the prediction parameter memory 108 stores the prediction parameters generated by the coding parameter determination unit 110 at a position predetermined for each of the target picture and the CU.
- the reference picture memory 109 stores the decoded image generated by the loop filter 107 at a predetermined position for each target picture and CU.
- the coding parameter determination unit 110 selects one set from a plurality of sets of coding parameters.
- the coding parameter is the above-described QT, BT, or TT division information, a prediction parameter, or a parameter to be coded that is generated in association with them.
- the predicted image generation unit 101 generates a predicted image using these encoding parameters.
- the coding parameter determination unit 110 calculates the RD cost value indicating the magnitude of the information amount and the coding error for each of the plurality of sets.
- the RD cost value is, for example, a sum of a code amount and a value obtained by multiplying a square error by a coefficient ⁇ .
- the code amount is the information amount of the coded stream Te obtained by entropy coding the quantization error and the coding parameter.
- the square error is the sum of squares of the prediction error calculated by the subtraction unit 102.
- the coefficient ⁇ is a real number larger than a preset zero.
- the coding parameter determination unit 110 selects a set of coding parameters that minimizes the calculated cost value. As a result, the entropy coding unit 104 outputs the selected set of coding parameters as a coded stream Te.
- the coding parameter determination unit 110 stores the determined coding parameter in the prediction parameter memory 108.
- the entropy decoding unit 301 the parameter decoding unit 302, the loop filter 305, the predicted image generation unit 308, the inverse quantization / inverse Transformer 311, adder 312, predicted image generator 101, subtractor 102, transform / quantizer 103, entropy encoder 104, inverse quantizer / inverse transformer 105, loop filter 107, encoding parameter determiner 110
- the parameter encoding unit 111 may be realized by a computer.
- a program for realizing this control function may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on this recording medium may be read and executed by a computer system.
- the “computer system” is a computer system built in either the moving picture encoding device 11 or the moving picture decoding device 31, and includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices.
- the “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a portable medium such as a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM, and a CD-ROM, and a storage device such as a hard disk built in a computer system.
- the "computer-readable recording medium” is a medium that dynamically holds the program for a short time, such as a communication line for transmitting the program through a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line,
- a program holding a program for a certain period of time such as a volatile memory in a computer system serving as a server or a client, may be included.
- the program may be for realizing a part of the functions described above, or may be for realizing the functions described above in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system.
- a video decoding device includes a picture dividing unit that divides a picture into a partial image region and a non-partial image region each having a minimum unit of one of a CTU, a CTU column, and a CTU row.
- a prediction image generation unit that generates a prediction image, The prediction image generation unit performs, for blocks included in the partial image region, intra prediction and loop filter processing that refers only to decoded pixels of the partial image region in the picture, or a partial image of a reference picture of the picture.
- the video decoding apparatus uses inter prediction referring to a region, for a block included in a non-partial image region, intra prediction and loop filter processing referring to decoded pixels in the picture, or inter prediction referring to a reference picture of the picture Using prediction, the video decoding apparatus sets the partial image region of the picture as a partial image region of the reference picture after decoding the picture.
- a video decoding device includes a picture dividing unit that divides a picture into a partial image region and a non-partial image region each having a minimum unit of one of a CTU, a CTU column, and a CTU row.
- a prediction image generation unit that generates a prediction image, wherein the prediction image generation unit refers to information indicating whether or not the picture is randomly accessible, and if the picture is randomly accessible, a block included in the partial image area
- intra prediction and loop filter processing that refers only to the decoded pixels of the partial image region in the picture, and if random access is not possible, the block in the partial image region
- Intra prediction and loop filter processing that refers only to decoded pixels in the image area, or partial image areas of the reference picture of the above picture
- intra prediction and loop filter processing that refers only to decoded pixels in the picture area, or partial image areas of the reference picture of the above picture
- inter prediction referring to, for blocks included in the non-partial image area, regardless of whether random access is possible, intra prediction and loop filter processing referring to decoded pixels in the picture
- the video decoding apparatus sets the partial image area of the picture as a partial image area of the reference picture after decoding the picture.
- the video decoding device is characterized in that the picture division unit divides the picture into a partial image region and a non-partial image region with reference to region information decoded from encoded data.
- a moving image decoding apparatus is characterized in that the area information includes information indicating a position and a size of the partial image area.
- the moving picture decoding apparatus decodes refresh information indicating the number of pictures from a picture including information that can be randomly accessed until the entire picture becomes a partial image area.
- a video encoding device includes a picture dividing unit that divides a picture into a partial image region and a non-partial image region using any one of a CTU, a CTU column, and a CTU row as a minimum unit.
- a prediction image generation unit that generates a prediction image, wherein the prediction image generation unit performs, for blocks included in the partial image region, intra prediction and reference only to decoded pixels of the partial image region in the picture. For a block included in a non-partial image area, intra prediction and loop referencing decoded pixels in the picture using loop filter processing or inter prediction referring to a restricted reference area of a reference picture of the picture. After coding the picture using filter processing or inter prediction referring to the reference picture of the picture, The partial image areas and sets as the limit reference region.
- a part or all of the moving image encoding device 11 and the moving image decoding device 31 in the above-described embodiment may be realized as an integrated circuit such as an LSI (Large Scale Integration).
- LSI Large Scale Integration
- Each functional block of the video encoding device 11 and the video decoding device 31 may be individually implemented as a processor, or a part or all thereof may be integrated and implemented as a processor.
- the method of circuit integration is not limited to an LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor. Further, in the case where a technology for forming an integrated circuit that replaces the LSI appears due to the progress of semiconductor technology, an integrated circuit based on the technology may be used.
- the above-described moving image encoding device 11 and moving image decoding device 31 can be used by being mounted on various devices that transmit, receive, record, and reproduce moving images.
- the moving image may be a natural moving image captured by a camera or the like, or may be an artificial moving image (including CG and GUI) generated by a computer or the like.
- FIG. 16 (a) is a block diagram showing a configuration of a transmission device PROD_A equipped with the video encoding device 11.
- the transmitting device PROD_A is a coding unit PROD_A1 that obtains coded data by coding a moving image, and modulates a carrier with coded data obtained by the coding unit PROD_A1.
- a transmitting section PROD_A3 for transmitting the modulated signal obtained by the modulating section PROD_A2.
- the above-described video encoding device 11 is used as the encoding unit PROD_A1.
- the transmitting device PROD_A is a camera PROD_A4 that captures a moving image, a recording medium PROD_A5 that records the moving image, an input terminal PROD_A6 for externally inputting the moving image, as a supply source of the moving image to be input to the encoding unit PROD_A1, and And an image processing unit A7 for generating or processing an image.
- FIG. 16 (a) a configuration in which all of these components are included in the transmission device PROD_A is illustrated, but some of them may be omitted.
- the recording medium PROD_A5 may be a recording of a moving image that is not encoded, or may record a moving image encoded by a recording encoding method different from the transmission encoding method. It may be something. In the latter case, a decoding unit (not shown) that decodes the encoded data read from the recording medium PROD_A5 in accordance with the encoding method for recording may be interposed between the recording medium PROD_A5 and the encoding unit PROD_A1.
- FIG. 16 (b) is a block diagram showing a configuration of a receiving device PROD_B equipped with the video decoding device 31.
- the receiving device PROD_B includes a receiving unit PROD_B1 for receiving a modulated signal, a demodulating unit PROD_B2 for obtaining encoded data by demodulating the modulated signal received by the receiving unit PROD_B1, and a demodulating unit.
- a decoding unit PROD_B3 for obtaining a moving image by decoding the encoded data obtained by the PROD_B2.
- the above-described video decoding device 31 is used as the decoding unit PROD_B3.
- the receiving device PROD_B has a display PROD_B4 for displaying a moving image, a recording medium PROD_B5 for recording the moving image, and an output terminal for outputting the moving image to the outside, as a supply destination of the moving image output by the decoding unit PROD_B3.
- PROD_B6 may be further provided.
- FIG. 16 (b) illustrates a configuration in which the receiving device PROD_B includes all of them, but a part of them may be omitted.
- the recording medium PROD_B5 may be for recording a moving image that is not encoded, or may be encoded using a recording encoding method different from the transmission encoding method. You may. In the latter case, an encoding unit (not shown) that encodes the moving image obtained from the decoding unit PROD_B3 according to the encoding method for recording may be interposed between the decoding unit PROD_B3 and the recording medium PROD_B5.
- the transmission medium for transmitting the modulated signal may be wireless or wired.
- the transmission mode for transmitting the modulated signal may be broadcast (here, a transmission mode in which the transmission destination is not specified in advance) or communication (here, transmission in which the transmission destination is specified in advance). (Which refers to an embodiment). That is, transmission of the modulated signal may be realized by any of wireless broadcasting, wired broadcasting, wireless communication, and wired communication.
- a terrestrial digital broadcast station such as a broadcasting facility
- a receiving station such as a television receiver
- a transmitting device PROD_A / receiving device PROD_B that transmits and receives a modulated signal by wireless broadcasting.
- a broadcasting station (broadcasting facility or the like) / receiving station (television receiver or the like) of cable television broadcasting is an example of a transmitting device PROD_A / receiving device PROD_B that transmits and receives a modulated signal by cable broadcasting.
- Servers workstations, etc.
- Clients television receivers, personal computers, smartphones, etc.
- VOD Video On Demand
- video sharing services using the Internet are transmitters that transmit and receive modulated signals by communication.
- PROD_A / receiving device PROD_B normally, either a wireless or wired transmission medium is used in a LAN, and a wired transmission medium is used in a WAN.
- the personal computer includes a desktop PC, a laptop PC, and a tablet PC.
- the smartphone includes a multifunctional mobile phone terminal.
- the client of the moving image sharing service has a function of decoding encoded data downloaded from the server and displaying the encoded data on a display, and a function of encoding a moving image captured by a camera and uploading the encoded moving image to the server. That is, the client of the moving image sharing service functions as both the transmitting device PROD_A and the receiving device PROD_B.
- FIG. 17A is a block diagram showing a configuration of a recording device PROD_C in which the above-described video encoding device 11 is mounted.
- a recording device PROD_C includes an encoding unit PROD_C1 that obtains encoded data by encoding a moving image, and a writing unit PROD_C2 that writes the encoded data obtained by the encoding unit PROD_C1 on a recording medium PROD_M.
- the video encoding device 11 described above is used as the encoding unit PROD_C1.
- the recording medium PROD_M may be (1) a type built in the recording device PROD_C such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or an SSD (Solid State Drive), or (2) an SD memory. It may be of a type connected to the recording device PROD_C, such as a card or a USB (Universal Serial Bus) flash memory, or (3) a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc: registered trademark) or a BD (Blu-ray). Such as (registered trademark) @Disc: registered trademark) may be loaded into a drive device (not shown) built in the recording device PROD_C.
- the recording device PROD_C includes a camera PROD_C3 for capturing a moving image, an input terminal PROD_C4 for externally inputting a moving image, and a reception terminal for receiving the moving image, as a supply source of the moving image to be input to the encoding unit PROD_C1.
- a unit PROD_C5 and an image processing unit PROD_C6 for generating or processing an image may be further provided. In the figure, a configuration in which all of these are included in the recording device PROD_C is illustrated, but a part of the configuration may be omitted.
- the receiving unit PROD_C5 may receive an uncoded moving image, or may receive coded data coded by a transmission coding method different from the recording coding method. May be used. In the latter case, a transmission decoding unit (not shown) for decoding encoded data encoded by the transmission encoding method may be interposed between the receiving unit PROD_C5 and the encoding unit PROD_C1.
- Examples of such a recording device PROD_C include a DVD recorder, a BD recorder, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) recorder, and the like (in this case, the input terminal PROD_C4 or the receiving unit PROD_C5 is a main source of a moving image).
- a camcorder in this case, the camera PROD_C3 is a main source of moving images
- a personal computer in this case, the receiving unit PROD_C5 or the image processing unit C6 is a main source of moving images
- a smartphone this In this case, the camera PROD_C3 or the receiving unit PROD_C5 is a main source of the moving image
- the like are also examples of such a recording device PROD_C.
- FIG. 17 (b) is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a playback device PROD_D equipped with the above-described video decoding device 31.
- the playback device PROD_D includes a reading unit PROD_D1 that reads encoded data written to the recording medium PROD_M, and a decoding unit PROD_D2 that obtains a moving image by decoding the encoded data read by the reading unit PROD_D1. , Is provided.
- the above-described video decoding device 31 is used as the decoding unit PROD_D2.
- the recording medium PROD_M may be (1) a type built in the playback device PROD_D, such as an HDD or SSD, or (2) a type such as an SD memory card or a USB flash memory. It may be a type connected to the playback device PROD_D, or (3) a device such as a DVD or a BD that is loaded into a drive device (not shown) built in the playback device PROD_D. Good.
- the playback device PROD_D includes a display PROD_D3 for displaying a moving image, an output terminal PROD_D4 for outputting the moving image to the outside, and a transmitting unit for transmitting the moving image, as a supply destination of the moving image output by the decoding unit PROD_D2.
- PROD_D5 may be further provided. In the figure, a configuration in which the playback device PROD_D includes all of these is illustrated, but a part of the configuration may be omitted.
- the transmitting unit PROD_D5 may transmit an uncoded moving image, or may transmit coded data coded by a transmission coding method different from the recording coding method. May be used. In the latter case, an encoding unit (not shown) for encoding a moving image using a transmission encoding method may be interposed between the decoding unit PROD_D2 and the transmission unit PROD_D5.
- Such a playback device PROD_D includes, for example, a DVD player, a BD player, an HDD player, and the like (in this case, an output terminal PROD_D4 to which a television receiver or the like is connected is a main destination of a moving image).
- an output terminal PROD_D4 to which a television receiver or the like is connected is a main destination of a moving image.
- a television receiver in this case, the display PROD_D3 is a main supply destination of a moving image
- a digital signage also referred to as an electronic signboard or an electronic bulletin board
- the display PROD_D3 or the transmission unit PROD_D5 is a main supply of the moving image.
- Desktop PC in this case, the output terminal PROD_D4 or the transmission unit PROD_D5 is the main supply destination of moving images
- laptop or tablet PC in this case, the display PROD_D3 or the transmission unit PROD_D5 is a moving image A main supply destination of an image
- a smartphone in this case, the display PROD_D3 or the transmission unit PROD_D5 is a main supply destination of a moving image
- a playback device PROD_D are also examples of such a playback device PROD_D.
- Each block of the video decoding device 31 and the video encoding device 11 described above may be realized in hardware by a logic circuit formed on an integrated circuit (IC chip), or may be a CPU (Central Processing). Unit) may be implemented as software.
- IC chip integrated circuit
- CPU Central Processing
- Unit Central Processing Unit
- each of the above devices includes a CPU that executes the instructions of a program that realizes each function, a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores the program, a RAM (Random Access Memory) that expands the program,
- a storage device (recording medium) such as a memory for storing data is provided.
- An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to record a program code (executable program, intermediate code program, source program) of a control program of each device, which is software for realizing the above-described functions, in a computer-readable manner.
- the present invention can also be achieved by supplying a medium to each of the above-described devices and causing a computer (or a CPU or an MPU) to read out and execute a program code recorded on a recording medium.
- Examples of the recording medium include tapes such as a magnetic tape and a cassette tape, magnetic disks such as a floppy (registered trademark) disk / hard disk, and CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Only Memory) / MO disk (Magneto-Optical disc).
- Discs including optical discs such as) / MD (Mini Disc) / DVD (Digital Versatile Disc: registered trademark) / CD-R (CD Recordable) / Blu-ray disc (Blu-ray (registered trademark) Disc: registered trademark), etc.
- Cards including memory cards
- cards such as optical cards
- Semiconductor memories such as flash ROM
- logic circuits such as a PLD (Programmable logic device) and an FPGA (Field programmable gate array) can be used.
- each of the above devices may be configured to be connectable to a communication network, and the program code may be supplied via the communication network.
- This communication network is not particularly limited as long as it can transmit a program code.
- Internet Intranet, Extranet, LAN (Local Area Network), ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), VAN (Value-Added Network), CATV (Community RAntenna Television / Cable Television) communication network, Virtual Private Network (Virtual Private Network) ),
- a telephone line network, a mobile communication network, a satellite communication network and the like can be used.
- the transmission medium constituting this communication network may be any medium capable of transmitting the program code, and is not limited to a specific configuration or type.
- infrared rays such as IrDA (Infrared Data Association) and remote control , BlueTooth (registered trademark), IEEE 802.11 wireless, HDR (High Data Rate), NFC (Near Field Communication), DLNA (registered trademark) (Digital Living Network Alliance: registered trademark), mobile phone network, satellite line, terrestrial digital It can also be used by radio such as a broadcast network.
- the embodiment of the present invention can also be realized in the form of a computer data signal embedded in a carrier wave, in which the program code is embodied by electronic transmission.
- the embodiment of the present invention is suitably applied to a moving image decoding device that decodes encoded data obtained by encoding image data, and a moving image encoding device that generates encoded data obtained by encoding image data. be able to. Further, the present invention can be suitably applied to the data structure of encoded data generated by the moving image encoding device and referred to by the moving image decoding device. (Cross-reference of related applications) This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese patent application filed on Aug. 29, 2018: Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-160712, and by referencing it, the entire contents thereof are set forth. Included in this book.
- Image decoding device 301 Entropy decoder 302 Parameter decoding unit 3020 Header decoding unit 303 Inter prediction parameter decoding unit 304 Intra prediction parameter decoding unit 308 Prediction image generator 309 Inter prediction image generator 310 Intra prediction image generator 311 Inverse quantization / inverse transform unit 312 Adder 320 Partial image area control unit 11 Image coding device 101 Predictive image generator 102 Subtraction unit 103 Transform / Quantizer 104 Entropy encoder 105 Inverse quantization / inverse transform unit 107 Loop filter 110 coding parameter determination unit 111 Parameter encoder 112 Inter prediction parameter coding unit 113 Intra prediction parameter coding unit 120 Partial image area control unit 1110 Header encoder 1111 CT information encoding unit 1112 CU encoder (prediction mode encoder) 1114 TU encoder
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Abstract
Description
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施形態について説明する。
本明細書で用いる演算子を以下に記載する。
本実施形態に係る動画像符号化装置11および動画像復号装置31の詳細な説明に先立って、動画像符号化装置11によって生成され、動画像復号装置31によって復号される符号化ストリームTeのデータ構造について説明する。
符号化ビデオシーケンスでは、処理対象のシーケンスSEQを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。シーケンスSEQは、図2(b)に示すように、ビデオパラメータセット(Video Parameter Set)、シーケンスパラメータセットSPS(Sequence Parameter Set)、ピクチャパラメータセットPPS(Picture Parameter Set)、ピクチャPICT、及び、付加拡張情報SEI(Supplemental Enhancement Information)を含んでいる。
符号化ピクチャでは、処理対象のピクチャPICTを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。ピクチャPICTは、図2(b)に示すように、スライス0~スライスNS-1を含む(NSはピクチャPICTに含まれるスライスの総数)。
符号化スライスでは、処理対象のスライスSを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。スライスは、図2(b)に示すように、スライスヘッダ、および、スライスデータを含んでいる。
符号化スライスデータでは、処理対象のスライスデータを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。スライスデータは、図1(d)に示すように、CTUを含んでいる。CTUは、スライスを構成する固定サイズ(例えば64x64)のブロックであり、最大符号化単位(LCU:Largest Coding Unit)と呼ぶこともある。
図2(e)には、処理対象のCTUを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。CTUは、再帰的な4分木分割(QT(Quad Tree)分割)、2分木分割(BT(Binary Tree)分割)あるいは3分木分割(TT(Ternary Tree)分割)により符号化処理の基本的な単位である符号化ユニットCUに分割される。BT分割とTT分割を合わせてマルチツリー分割(MT(Multi Tree)分割)と呼ぶ。再帰的な4分木分割により得られる木構造のノードのことを符号化ノード(Coding Node)と称する。4分木、2分木、及び3分木の中間ノードは、符号化ノードであり、CTU自身も最上位の符号化ノードとして規定される。
図1(f)に示すように、処理対象の符号化ユニットを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。具体的には、CUは、CUヘッダCUH、予測パラメータ、変換パラメータ、量子化変換係数等から構成される。CUヘッダでは予測モード等が規定される。
予測画像は、ブロックに付随する予測パラメータによって導出される。予測パラメータには、イントラ予測とインター予測の予測パラメータがある。
参照ピクチャリストは、参照ピクチャメモリ306に記憶された参照ピクチャからなるリストである。図4は、低遅延用のピクチャ構造における参照ピクチャおよび参照ピクチャリストの一例を示す概念図である。図中(a)において、矩形はピクチャ、矢印はピクチャの参照関係、横軸は時間、矩形中のI、P、Bは各々イントラピクチャ、単予測ピクチャ、双予測ピクチャ、矩形中の数字は復号順を示す。図に示すように、ピクチャの復号順は、I0、P1/B1、P2/B2、P3/B3、P4/B4であり、表示順も同じである。図中(b)に、ピクチャB3(対象ピクチャ)の参照ピクチャリストの例を示す。参照ピクチャリストは、参照ピクチャの候補を表すリストであり、1つのピクチャ(スライス)が1つ以上の参照ピクチャリストを有してもよい。図の例では、対象ピクチャB3は、L0リストRefPicList0およびL1リストRefPicList1の2つの参照ピクチャリストを持つ。個々のCUでは、参照ピクチャリストRefPicListX(X=0または1)中のどのピクチャを実際に参照するかを参照ピクチャインデックスrefIdxLXで指定する。図は、refIdxL0=2、refIdxL1=0の例である。対象ピクチャがP3の場合、参照ピクチャリストはL0リストのみである。なお、LXは、L0予測とL1予測を区別しない場合に用いられる記述方法であり、以降では、LXをL0、L1に置き換えることでL0リストに対するパラメータとL1リストに対するパラメータを区別する。
予測パラメータの復号(符号化)方法には、マージ予測(merge)モードとAMVP(Adaptive Motion Vector Prediction、適応動きベクトル予測)モードがあり、マージフラグmerge_flagは、これらを識別するためのフラグである。
動きベクトルmvLXは、異なる2つのピクチャ上のブロック間のシフト量を示す。動きベクトルmvLXに関する予測ベクトル、差分ベクトルを、それぞれ予測ベクトルmvpLX、差分ベクトルmvdLXと呼ぶ。
prev_intra_luma_pred_flagは、対象ブロックの輝度予測モードIntraPredModeYとMPM(Most Probable Mode)とが一致するか否かを示すフラグである。MPMは、MPM候補リストmpmCandList[]に含まれる予測モードである。MPM候補リストは、隣接ブロックのイントラ予測モードおよび所定のイントラ予測モードから、対象ブロックに適用される確率が高いと推定される候補を格納したリストである。prev_intra_luma_pred_flagが1の場合、MPM候補リストとインデックスmpm_idxを用いて、対象ブロックの輝度予測モードIntraPredModeYを導出する。
(REM)
prev_intra_luma_pred_flagが0の場合、イントラ予測モード全体からMPM候補リストに含まれるイントラ予測モードを除いた残りのモードRemIntraPredModeからイントラ予測モードを選択する。RemIntraPredModeとして選択可能なイントラ予測モードは、「非MPM」または「REM」と呼ばれる。フラグrem_selected_mode_flagは、rem_selected_modeを参照してイントラ予測モードを選択するのか、または、rem_non_selected_modeを参照してイントラ予測モードを選択するのかを指定するフラグである。RemIntraPredModeは、rem_selected_mode、あるいは、rem_non_selected_modeを用いて導出される。
同一のピクチャ内に部分画像領域を設定し、部分画像領域はその他の領域の画素を使わずに符号化、復号処理を行い、その他の領域は、ピクチャ全体を使って符号化、復号処理を行うことを特徴とする動画像符号化、復号方法を説明する。
yRA_en = yRA_st + hRA - 1
また、下記のように導出することもできる。
hRA = yRA_en - yRA_st + 1
さらに、時刻jの制限参照領域の左上位置を(xRA_st[j], yRA_st[j])、右下位置を(xRA_en[j], yRA_en[j])、サイズを(wRA[j], hRA[j])で示す。また、参照ピクチャRefの制限参照領域の位置を(xRA_st[Ref], yRA_st[Ref])、右下位置を(xRA_en[Ref], yRA_en[Ref])、サイズを(wRA[Ref], hRA[Ref])で示してもよい。
例えば、あるピクチャが時刻i、あるブロックの位置が(x, y)の場合、以下の式で位置の画素が部分画像領域内であるかを判定してもよい。
または以下の判定式でもよい。
IsRA(xRef, yRef) = (xRA_st[Ref] <= xRef && xRef <= xRA_en[Ref] && yRA_st[Ref] <= yRef && yRef <= yRA_en[Ref])
例えば、対象ピクチャが時刻i、対象ブロックPbの左上座標が(xPb, yPb)、幅と高さがbWとbHの場合、動画像復号装置及び動画像符号化装置のイントラ予測部、動き補償部、ループフィルタは対象ブロックPbが部分画像領域内にある場合、IsRA(Pb)を以下の判定式で導出する。
yRA_en[i])
または以下の判定式でもよい。
(部分画像領域の参照領域の基本動作)
本明細書の動画像符号化装置および動画像復号装置は以下の動作を行う。
・部分画像領域に含まれる対象ブロックは、対象ピクチャ中の部分画像領域の画素のみを参照するイントラ予測、もしくは、参照ピクチャの制限参照領域を参照するインター予測を行う。
・部分画像領域に含まれる対象ブロックは、対象ピクチャ中の部分画像領域の符号化パラメータ(例えばイントラ予測方向、動きベクトル、参照ピクチャインデックス)を参照して、もしくは、参照ピクチャの制限参照領域の符号化パラメータを参照して、対象ブロックの符号化パラメータを導出する。
・部分画像領域に含まれる対象ブロックは、対象ピクチャ中の部分画像領域の画素のみを参照して、ループフィルタ処理を行う。
イントラ予測のMPM導出、インター予測のマージ候補導出などにおいて、隣接領域の予測パラメータを用いて、対象ブロックの予測パラメータ(イントラ予測モード、動きベクトル)を導出することがある。このような場合に以下の処理を行っても良い。イントラ予測及びインター予測で対象ブロックが部分画像領域(IsRA(xPb, yPb)が真)で対象ブロックの隣接ブロックの参照位置(xNbX, yNbX)が非部分画像領域の場合(IsRA(xNbX, yNbX)が偽)の場合、予測パラメータ導出に隣接ブロックの値を用いない。すなわち、対象ブロックが部分画像領域(IsRA(xPb, yPb)が真)で対象ブロックの隣接ブロックの参照位置(xNbX, yNbX)が部分画像領域の場合(IsRA(xNbX, yNbX)が真)である場合に、その位置(xNbX, yNbX)を予測パラメータの導出に用いる。
また、参照ピクチャが時刻j、参照画素の左上位置が(xRef,yRef)の場合、動き補償部、は参照画素が制限参照領域内にある場合を以下の判定式で導出する。
または以下の判定式でもよい。
また、動き補償部は、以下の式を用いて、参照画素を部分画像領域内の位置にクリップしても良い。
yRef = Clip3(yRA_st[j], yRA_en[j], yRef)
または以下の導出式でもよい。
yRef = Clip3(yRA_st[j], yRA_st[j]+hRA[j]-1, yRef)
なお、部分画像領域の位置は、後述の段階的リフレッシュ情報により動画像符号化装置から動画像復号装置に伝送する。なお、部分画像領域の位置やサイズは、時刻(例えばPOC)に従って導出せずに、対象ピクチャを復号した後、もしくは、対象ピクチャの復号開始時点で、参照メモリ内の参照ピクチャRefを設定してもよい。この場合、参照ピクチャRefを指定することにより、その部分画像領域の位置とサイズを導出することができる。
AVCやHEVCでのIDR(Instantaneous Decoder Refresh)ピクチャは、ピクチャ全体がイントラCTUとなっていて、ランダムアクセス可能で、独立して復号可能なピクチャとして、符号化データのランダムアクセスを実現していた。本実施の形態では、部分画像領域をすべてイントラ符号化したピクチャは、SDR(Sequentially Decoder Refresh)ピクチャとして、NAL(Network Abstraction Layer)のnal_unit_typeで識別できるようにする。
従来のIDRピクチャは、ピクチャ全体がイントラとなっていたのに対して、SDRピクチャはピクチャの一部がイントラなので、符号量の変動が小さい。
パラメータ復号部302は、SDRピクチャにおいて、例えば、以下のように部分画像領域を設定する。
・左上のCTUの座標と、幅および高さのCTU数で規定される矩形として部分画像領域を設定する。
・左上の画素位置と、幅および高さの画素数で規定される矩形として部分画像領域を設定する。
・一枚のピクチャ中に複数の部分画像領域を設定する。
・複数ある部分画像領域同士が重複するよう部分画像領域を設定する。
図8は、パラメータ復号部302が行う処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。
復号を開始してステップS2に進む。
パラメータ復号部302が、NALのnal_unit_typeで、対象ピクチャがSDRピクチャであるか否かを判定する。SDRピクチャである場合は、S3に進み、SDRピクチャでない場合は、S4に進む。
対象ピクチャ内に含まれる部分画像領域をイントラ予測で復号する領域として設定し、S4に進む。
パラメータ復号部302は、対象ピクチャを復号する。
部分画像領域を設定するためのシンタックスは、ピクチャパラメータセットに含まれてもよい。図8は、部分画像領域を設定するために通知されるシンタックスの一例を示す図である。partial_region_modeとは、ピクチャ中に部分画像領域を定義するか否かを特定するための情報である。動画像復号装置31が備えるエントロピー復号部301は、ピクチャパラメータセットに含まれるpartial_region_modeが1である場合、部分画像領域の設定が必要であると判断し、num_of_patial_region_minus1を復号する。
position_ctu_adress[i]
region_ctu_width_minus1[i]
region_ctu_height_minus1[i]
によって特定される位置及びサイズを有する部分画像領域を対象ピクチャ内に設定する。
num_of_patial_region_minus1
position_ctu_adress[i]
region_ctu_width_minus1[i]
region_ctu_height_minus1[i]
は、部分画像領域を特定するための領域情報の一例である。
部分画像領域を設定するためのシンタックスは、スライスヘッダに含まれてもよい。図9は、部分画像領域を設定するために通知されるシンタックスの一例を示す図である。first_slice_segment_in_pic_flagは、当該スライスが、復号順で最初のスライスであるか否かを示すフラグである。first_slice_segment_in_pic_flagが1の場合、最初のスライスであることを示す。また、first_slice_segment_in_pic_flagが0の場合、最初のスライスでないことを示す。動画像復号装置31が備えるエントロピー復号部301は、first_slice_segment_in_pic_flagが1であった場合、partial_region_modeが設定され、num_of_patial_region_minus1を復号する。
position_ctu_adress[i]
region_ctu_width_minus1[i]
region_ctu_height_minus1[i]
によって特定される位置及びサイズを有する部分画像領域を対象スライス内に設定する。
num_of_patial_region_minus1
position_ctu_adress[i]
region_ctu_width_minus1[i]
region_ctu_height_minus1[i]
は、部分画像領域を特定するための領域情報の一例である。
図10は、ピクチャパラメータセットにおいて部分画像領域が定義されたときの動画像復号装置31が行う処理の流れを示すフローチャートである。
復号処理を開始してステップS2に進む。
エントロピー復号部301は、partial_region_modeである場合(partial_region_modeが1である場合)はステップS3に進み、partial_region_modeでない場合(partial_region_modeが0である場合)はステップS4に進む。
partial_region_modeである場合は、エントロピー復号部301は、領域情報に含まれる各シンタックスを復号し、部分画像領域制御部320は、当該各シンタックスによって指定される部分画像領域を定義し、処理を終了する。具体的な部分画像領域の設定処理は、上述の通りである。
もし、partial_region_modeでない場合は、動画像復号装置31は、部分画像領域を消去し、処理を終了する。
パラメータ復号部302は、ピクチャ毎の部分画像領域の位置を表す情報として部分画像領域マップ(partial_region_map)を設定する構成としてもよい。
上記の構成で、SDRピクチャで部分画像領域を初期設定する。時間的に連続する部分画像領域を設定した動画像信号を動画像符号化装置11で符号化し、ビットストリームを作成する。動画像復号装置31は、まず、ビットストリーム中のNALのnal_unit_typeから、SDRピクチャを見つけると、SDRピクチャの部分画像領域に対し非部分領域を参照せずにイントラ符号化、ループフィルタ処理を行う。従って、部分画像領域を正しく復号できる。その後に復号されるピクチャの部分画像領域は、インター符号化の場合、非部分画像領域を参照せず、イントラ符号化とループフィルタ処理は、当該ピクチャの非部分画像領域を参照しないことから、部分画像領域が正しく復号できることが保証できる。
(段階的リフレッシュ)
本発明の部分画像領域の符号化、復号方法をイントラリフレッシュに応用した場合の実施の形態について説明する。一般に、イントラリフレッシュとは、ピクチャ内の一部にイントラ符号化する領域を設定し、その領域を時間的にピクチャ内で移動させて、一定の期間内にピクチャ全体をイントラ符号化ができるようにする方法である。ピクチャ内を一定の期間内に分けて、イントラ符号化することで、特定のピクチャの符号量を増加させることなく、ピクチャ全体をイントラ符号化し、ランダムアクセスを実現し、ビットストリーム中の誤りがあった場合の誤りからの回復を実現することを目的としている。本実施の形態では、部分画面領域の符号化、復号と、SDRピクチャを用いること、イントラリフレッシュと同等の段階的リフレッシュの機能を実現する。
本実施形態に係る動画像復号装置31(図14)の構成について説明する。
予測モードpredModeがインター予測モードを示す場合、インター予測画像生成部309は、インター予測パラメータ復号部303から入力されたインター予測パラメータと、参照ピクチャを用いて、インター予測によりブロックもしくはサブブロックの予測画像を生成する。
動き補償部3091(補間画像生成部)は、インター予測パラメータ復号部303から入力された、インター予測パラメータ(予測リスト利用フラグpredFlagLX、参照ピクチャインデックスrefIdxLX、動きベクトルmvLX)に基づいて、参照ピクチャメモリ306から、参照ピクチャインデックスrefIdxLXで指定された参照ピクチャRefLXにおける、対象ブロックの位置を起点として動きベクトルmvLXだけシフトした位置にあるブロックを読み出すことによって補間画像(動き補償画像)を生成する。ここで、動きベクトルmvLXの精度が整数精度でない場合には、動き補償フィルタと呼ばれる小数位置の画素を生成するためのフィルタを施して、動き補償画像を生成する。
xFrac = mvLX[0]&(MVBIT-1)
yInt = yPb+(mvLX[1]>>(log2(MVBIT)))+y
yFrac = mvLX[1]&(MVBIT-1)
ここで、(xPb,yPb)は、wPb*hPbサイズのブロックの左上座標、x=0…wPb-1、y=0…hPb-1であり、MVBITは、動きベクトルmvLXの精度(1/MVBIT画素精度)を示す。
続いて、動き補償部3091は、一時的画像temp[][]を垂直補間処理により、補間画像Pred [][]を導出する。以下のΣはk=0..NTAP-1のkに関する和、shift2は値のレンジを調整する
正規化パラメータ、offset2=1<<(shift2-1)である。
なお、双予測の場合は、上記のPred[][]をL0リスト、L1リスト毎に導出し(補間画像PredL0[][]とPredL1[][]と呼ぶ)、補間画像PredL0[][]と補間画像PredL1[][]から補間画像Pred[][]を生成する。
重み予測部3094は、動き補償画像PredLXに重み係数を乗算することによりブロックの予測画像を生成する。予測リスト利用フラグの一方(predFlagL0もしくはpredFlagL1)が1(単予測)、かつ、重み予測を用いない場合、動き補償画像PredLX(LXはL0もしくはL1)を画素ビット数bitDepthに合わせる以下の式の処理を行う。
ここで、shift1=14-bitDepth、offset1=1<<(shift1-1)である。
また、参照リスト利用フラグの両者(predFlagL0とpredFlagL1)が1(双予測BiPred)、かつ、重み予測を用いない場合、動き補償画像PredL0、PredL1を平均し画素ビット数に合わせる以下の式の処理を行う。
ここで、shift2=15-bitDepth、offset2=1<<(shift2-1)である。
ここで、log2WDは所定のシフト量を示す変数である。
インター予測画像生成部309は生成したブロックの予測画像を加算部312に出力する。
予測モードpredModeがイントラ予測モードを示す場合、イントラ予測画像生成部310は、イントラ予測パラメータ復号部304から入力されたイントラ予測パラメータと参照ピクチャメモリ306から読み出した参照画素を用いてイントラ予測を行う。
次に、本実施形態に係る動画像符号化装置11の構成について説明する。図27は、本実施形態に係る動画像符号化装置11の構成を示すブロック図である。動画像符号化装置11は、予測画像生成部101、減算部102、変換・量子化部103、逆量子化・逆変換部105、加算部106、ループフィルタ107、予測パラメータメモリ(予測パラメータ記憶部、フレームメモリ)108、参照ピクチャメモリ(参照画像記憶部、フレームメモリ)109、符号化パラメータ決定部110、パラメータ符号化部111、エントロピー符号化部104を含んで構成される。
インター予測パラメータ符号化部112は、符号化パラメータ決定部110から入力された予測パラメータに基づいて、インター予測パラメータを導出する。インター予測パラメータ符号化部112は、インター予測パラメータ復号部303がインター予測パラメータを導出する構成と一部同一の構成を含む。
イントラ予測パラメータ符号化部113は、符号化パラメータ決定部110から入力されたイントラ予測モードIntraPredModeから、符号化するための形式(例えばmpm_idx、rem_intra_luma_pred_mode等)を導出する。イントラ予測パラメータ符号化部113は、イントラ予測パラメータ復号部304がイントラ予測パラメータを導出する構成と、一部同一の構成を含む。
上記予測画像生成部は、部分画像領域に含まれるブロックに対し、上記ピクチャ中の部分画像領域の復号済みの画素のみを参照するイントラ予測及びループフィルタ処理、もしくは、上記ピクチャの参照ピクチャの部分画像領域を参照するインター予測を用いて、非部分画像領域に含まれるブロックに対し、上記ピクチャ中の復号済の画素を参照するイントラ予測及びループフィルタ処理、もしくは、上記ピクチャの参照ピクチャを参照するインター予測を用いて、当該動画像復号装置は、上記ピクチャの復号後、上記ピクチャの上記部分画像領域を上記参照ピクチャの部分画像領域として設定することを特徴とする。
上述した動画像符号化装置11及び動画像復号装置31は、動画像の送信、受信、記録、再生を行う各種装置に搭載して利用することができる。なお、動画像は、カメラ等により撮像された自然動画像であってもよいし、コンピュータ等により生成された人工動画像(CGおよびGUIを含む)であってもよい。
また、上述した動画像復号装置31および動画像符号化装置11の各ブロックは、集積回路(ICチップ)上に形成された論理回路によってハードウェア的に実現してもよいし、CPU(Central Processing Unit)を用いてソフトウェア的に実現してもよい。
(関連出願の相互参照)
本出願は、2018年8月29日に出願された日本国特許出願:特願2018-160712に対して優先権の利益を主張するものであり、それを参照することにより、その内容の全てが本書に含まれる。
301 エントロピー復号部
302 パラメータ復号部
3020 ヘッダ復号部
303 インター予測パラメータ復号部
304 イントラ予測パラメータ復号部
308 予測画像生成部
309 インター予測画像生成部
310 イントラ予測画像生成部
311 逆量子化・逆変換部
312 加算部
320 部分画像領域制御部
11 画像符号化装置
101 予測画像生成部
102 減算部
103 変換・量子化部
104 エントロピー符号化部
105 逆量子化・逆変換部
107 ループフィルタ
110 符号化パラメータ決定部
111 パラメータ符号化部
112 インター予測パラメータ符号化部
113 イントラ予測パラメータ符号化部
120 部分画像領域制御部
1110 ヘッダ符号化部
1111 CT情報符号化部
1112 CU符号化部(予測モード符号化部)
1114 TU符号化部
Claims (7)
- NAL UNITを復号する動画像復号装置であって、
シーケンスパラメータセットに含まれる、段階的リフレッシュピクチャを使用するか否かに関するリフレッシュ有効情報を復号するパラメータ復号部を備え、
上記パラメータ復号部は、
上記NAL UNITのタイプを用いて、上記段階的リフレッシュピクチャであるか否かを識別し、
上記段階的リフレッシュピクチャからピクチャ全体が正しく復号できるピクチャまでのピクチャ数に関するシンタックスを復号することを特徴とする動画像復号装置。 - ピクチャを、CTU、CTU列、およびCTU行のうち何れか1つを最小単位とする部分画像領域および非部分画像領域に分割するピクチャ分割部と、
予測画像を生成する予測画像生成部と、を備え、
上記予測画像生成部は、
上記部分画像領域内のブロックに対し、上記部分画像領域の復号済みの画素のみを参照するイントラ予測及びループフィルタ処理、または、上記ピクチャの参照ピクチャの部分画像領域を参照するインター予測を用いて、
上記非部分画像領域内のブロックに対し、上記ピクチャの復号済みの画素を参照するイントラ予測及びループフィルタ処理、または、上記参照ピクチャを参照するインター予測を用いて、
上記部分画像領域を、上記参照ピクチャの部分画像領域に設定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動画像復号装置。 - 上記部分画像領域は、上記ピクチャがランダムアクセス可能であるか否かに応じて、対応する処理を用いて、上記参照ピクチャの部分画像領域として設定されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の動画像復号装置。
- 上記ピクチャ分割部は、符号化データから復号した領域情報を用いて、上記ピクチャを分割することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の動画像復号装置。
- 上記領域情報は、上記部分画像領域の位置とサイズとを示す情報を含むことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の動画像復号装置。
- NAL UNITを符号化する画像符号化装置であって、
シーケンスパラメータセットに含まれる、段階的リフレッシュピクチャを使用するか否かに関するリフレッシュ有効情報を符号化するパラメータ符号化部を備え、
上記パラメータ符号化部は、
上記NAL UNITのタイプを用いて、上記段階的リフレッシュピクチャであるか否かを識別し、
上記段階的リフレッシュピクチャからピクチャ全体が正しく復号できるピクチャまでのピクチャ数に関するシンタックスを符号化することを特徴とする動画像符号化装置。 - ピクチャを、CTU、CTU列、およびCTU行のうち何れか1つを最小単位として部分画像領域および非部分画像領域を分割するピクチャ分割部と、
予測画像を生成する予測画像生成部と、を備え、
上記予測画像生成部は、
上記部分画像領域内のブロックに対し、上記部分画像領域の復号済みの画素のみを参照するイントラ予測及びループフィルタ処理、または、上記ピクチャの参照ピクチャの部分画像領域を参照するインター予測を用いて、
上記非部分画像領域内のブロックに対し、上記ピクチャの復号済みの画素を参照するイントラ予測及びループフィルタ処理、または、上記参照ピクチャを参照するインター予測を用いて、
上記部分画像領域を、上記参照ピクチャの部分画像領域に設定することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の動画像符号化装置。
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| CN202410923707.3A CN118827976A (zh) | 2018-08-29 | 2019-08-22 | 发送逐渐刷新的方法及图像编码装置和图像解码装置 |
| US17/974,459 US11889092B2 (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2022-10-26 | Video decoding apparatus and video coding apparatus |
| US18/532,042 US12335496B2 (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2023-12-07 | Method and electronic device for signaling gradual decoding refresh pictures |
| JP2024106025A JP2024129102A (ja) | 2018-08-29 | 2024-07-01 | 動画像復号装置および動画像符号化装置 |
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| CN116471411A (zh) * | 2018-09-14 | 2023-07-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种视频译码中的基于分块的寻址方法,译码器以及视频译码设备 |
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| EP3846474A1 (en) | 2021-07-07 |
| US20210400285A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 |
| CN112956206B (zh) | 2024-07-30 |
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| JP2024129102A (ja) | 2024-09-26 |
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