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WO2020040717A1 - Procédé d'accumulation et de récupération d'énergie électrique - Google Patents

Procédé d'accumulation et de récupération d'énergie électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020040717A1
WO2020040717A1 PCT/UA2019/000108 UA2019000108W WO2020040717A1 WO 2020040717 A1 WO2020040717 A1 WO 2020040717A1 UA 2019000108 W UA2019000108 W UA 2019000108W WO 2020040717 A1 WO2020040717 A1 WO 2020040717A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy
gta
electric
working
lifting
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/UA2019/000108
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Сергей Леонтьевич ОСИПОВ
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO2020040717A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020040717A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C17/00—Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
    • B61C17/06—Power storing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G63/00—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations
    • B65G63/02—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations with essentially horizontal transit otherwise than by bridge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G63/00—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations
    • B65G63/06—Transferring or trans-shipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations with essentially-vertical transit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/02—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms suspended from ropes, cables, or chains or screws and movable along pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/10—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported directly by jacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/28—Constructional details, e.g. end stops, pivoting supporting members, sliding runners adjustable to load dimensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/07—Floor-to-roof stacking devices, e.g. "stacker cranes", "retrievers"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/12—Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G3/00—Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

  • a method of increasing energy efficiency and productivity of the processes of accumulation and reproduction of electricity in energy storage systems of the gravitational principle of action, which use solid mass for storage, storage and reproduction of electricity (hereinafter - the Method).
  • the method relates to energy and is intended for use in industrial systems that use solid mass (hereinafter referred to as gravitational solid-state batteries - GTA) for the storage of electricity, long-term storage and its reproduction.
  • the proposed method is proposed for use in the design and operation of the GTA, which will provide the ability to connect the GTA to the external network due to the solution of the problem of mutual adaptation to significant fluctuations in the electrical load, will provide an acceptable level of efficiency, and will lead to an improvement in the key production characteristics of the GTA, and this, accordingly, will open prospects for industrial use of GTA.
  • this parameter will allow the use of GTA not only for balancing energy systems, managing the schedule for electricity consumption in energy systems where technical requirements allow a slow reaction, and will have the ability to provide autonomous operation of decentralized energy systems for generating pure energy, which eyut highest load fluctuations do not coincide in the production and consumption of electricity and require rapid response to changes in electrical load.
  • PSPP provides 99% of the electric power storage capacity. Technologies such as lithium-ion batteries have to be used for stationary energy storage systems, since their life ends long before the cost of returning on these storage systems, or they require setting unacceptably expensive tariffs. GTA is not industrially used.
  • WO 2013050343 A2 proposes several GTA configuration options, each of which uses different configurations. equipment and methods of their interaction. Below are only those variants of GTA devices, of which WO 2013050343 A2 is indicated in the document, which are the closest analogues, that is, they provide for processes that can be improved by the Method:
  • While the generator (22) is driven through a control device (26) and can be connected via a switch (27) in the network (29), which distributes in the restored energy to the electricity distribution network, and at the ends of the tracks (5) there are loading and unloading facilities (6.7) and transport and storage facilities (8.9) for artificial blocks (1), while the generator (22) is driven through the control device (26) and can be connected via a switch (27) in the network (29), which distributes the recovered energy to the electricity distribution network, and at the ends of the tracks (5) there are loading and unloading means (6.7) and transport and storage facilities (8.9) for artificial blocks (1).
  • (Clause 4.) A system for storing and extracting electric energy according to Claim 3, characterized in that the mass of the platform (31) is balanced by a counterweight, thereby setting the energy necessary for the mass of the vehicle (31) to move to zero.
  • (Clause 17.) A system for storing and extracting electrical energy using one of claims 2-8, 10-13 and 16, characterized in that at the storage positions (2,3) of the subway platform (171) formed from the intermediate space , in which the cranes (172) move along the paths (173), and the cranes are equipped with loader cars (174), which are raised and lowered by hydraulic cylinders (175) and have forks (176) that enter the nests (17) 177), to raise artificial blocks (178), in As a result, at the storage stage, the cranes (172) lift the blocks (178) from the position in which the vehicle lowers it and moves it along another block, which is stored and sets so that parallel rows in height can be formed, and the opposite the process runs during the boot phase.
  • GTAs are intended for balancing power systems and managing a power consumption schedule.
  • Energy accumulation in the GTA occurs due to the accumulation of potential energy of the raised mass of the solid, and energy reproduction occurs due to the conversion of the kinetic energy of the mass of the solid, which is lowered by gravity.
  • the GTA provides for the use of a shuttle transport scheme for many working cargoes by means of a lifting vehicle, for which logistics systems of the lower and upper horizons are being arranged.
  • the scheme of shuttle movement of goods in the GTA is fully mechanized and has a high degree of adaptability to full automation.
  • electrical machines are connected to the consumption of electrical energy, converting electrical energy into mechanical work aimed at shuttling the movement of working loads, and during generation (when lowering the working load) mechanical work is transferred to electric machines for generation.
  • the GTA performs energy storage cycles, which consist of three technological processes that consume electricity: two technological processes provide logistics for the movement of working loads at different storage height horizons and a process built-in between them to lift these cargoes from a lower height horizon to an upper height horizon.
  • the GTA energy generation cycle consists of two processes that consume electricity, provide logistics for the movement of working loads at different elevation horizons and an energy-generating process for lowering working loads built between them by the electric drive of a lifting vehicle, where kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy.
  • GTA has designs, mechanisms and equipment in accordance with the indicated processes of accumulation and reproduction of electricity.
  • Technical modeling and analysis of options for the processes of accumulation and reproduction of electricity proposed in document WO 2013050343 A2 is performed based on an assessment of operating conditions. Accordingly, the energy efficiency of technical and technological solutions will be analyzed in terms of their impact on the efficiency of the system as a whole. Attention will also be paid to technical indicators that determine the performance parameters and technical feasibility of simultaneously using the installed capacity of the entire system and the response time of the system to changes in electrical load.
  • GTA reaction should be provided with the technical ability to accordingly quickly change the volumes of accumulation, or energy generation per unit time, in wide ranges of load changes, up to transitions from the accumulation mode to the generation mode and vice versa.
  • GTA electric machines produce a high outgoing level of load fluctuations, because when performing cycles, an intermittent connection sequence of electrical machines with different loads should be performed, and this factor makes additional changes in loads in conditions of intermittent operating modes.
  • Variable factors play a decisive role in the ability of the GTA to satisfy the technical requirements of the external network for the connection, given the essential parameters of the amplitude of the short-term oscillations of the GTA load. This raises the question in general to the possibility of connecting the GTA to an external network. Also, this factor is decisive for ensuring an acceptable level of GTA energy consumption as when performing cycles accumulation, and when performing cycles of reproduction of electricity.
  • Operation of a gas turbine is accompanied by an intermittent sequence of connecting electrical machines having different parameters of electric load, each of which has a significant dynamics of changes in load consumption in intermittently operating modes.
  • Each connection and disconnection of electrical machines is accompanied by short-term load fluctuations with a significant amplitude, which is accordingly transmitted to an external network. This provides the most difficult or unacceptable technical conditions for connecting the GTA to an external network.
  • GTA provides the operation of electrical machines in intermittent modes. In these modes, a significant proportion of energy consumption is accounted for by transients of the electric drive, energy loss at the starting, accelerating and braking modes, inertia of the electric motor or generator, which significantly correlates to a decrease in the efficiency of electric machines.
  • the maximum value of the efficiency is achieved only when the electric machines are in nominal conditions. Reducing the incoming load on the terminals of electric motors during the cycle of lifting the working load reduces the moment of force on the rotor of the electric motor, which leads to a decrease in the lifting speed of the working load up to a complete stop.
  • An interrupted cycle, raising the working load, or slowing down the lifting speed also requires repeating the operating cycles of the electric motor - starting, starting, accelerating or braking, which leads to significant additional energy consumption during the operation of electric cars.
  • Reducing the outgoing load on the terminals of the generator during the generation cycle leads to changes in the parameters of the mechanical resistance that the generator creates and thus the working load starts to accelerate, while simultaneously accelerating the torque of the generator rotor.
  • the brake mode To prevent a breakdown, the brake mode must be applied to the free fall of the working load and the occurrence of an accident. In the absence of a sufficient level of power consumption load, all braking modes are performed only mechanically with loss (utilization) of energy. During the braking mode, the kinetic energy that the mass of the working load transmits is distributed between the generator and the braking system. The more braking force falls on mechanical brake systems - the less energy the generator receives. The deviation from the parameters of the moment of force that is transmitted to the generator is a deviation from the nominal operating mode of the generator. Energy losses occur both due to mechanical energy losses, and also due to a drop in the efficiency of the generator, which in this situation is operated outside the nominal mode. The interrupted cycle of lowering the working load also requires a repetition of the start-up modes of the generator with additional energy losses. In addition, each change in the rotational moments of the rotor of electric machines, their stopping and starting produce inertial energy losses.
  • the response time factor of the system to load fluctuations was not considered in WO 2013050343 A2.
  • the usual indicator of the time for which mechanical systems of the corresponding power respond to the demand for the load of the external power supply is from 30 to 300 seconds.
  • FIG. 1 Connection diagram for GTA and backup system.
  • FIG. 2 Landscape diagram, when it is advisable to use a device for lifting vertical loads.
  • FIG. 3 Landscape diagram, when it is advisable to use a device for lifting loads of inclined design.
  • FIG. 4 Loading platform of a lifting vehicle
  • FIG. 5 Regulation of the angle of inclination of rail tracks on the upper and lower horizons.
  • FIG. 6 Multi-motor drive
  • This electric power is received by the DC battery pack with existing load parameters and transferred further with load parameters optimal for the receiving system, while part of the electric energy that was not transferred for storage to the DC battery pack (4) is transmitted directly from the transmitter to the receiver system.
  • the GTA (6) and the external network can be a transmitting or receiving system.
  • the energy reserve and storage capacity reserve of the DC battery pack (4) provide instant load balancing and ensure the operation of electric GTA machines in nominal conditions.
  • the DC battery pack (4) constantly saves the amount of electric energy sufficient to power the emergency GTA systems (6) and, in the event of an emergency, provides emergency systems with this energy.
  • Moving working loads (18) at different height horizons is carried out only on a slope, for which before each new cycle, which involves changing the direction of transportation of working loads (18), the electrically conductive jacks changing the angle of inclination of the rail track (17) change the angle of inclination of the rail tracks (15) to create a slope in the direction of movement of the movement of working loads (18).
  • the rail loader (19) begins to carry out the movement of working loads (18).
  • the rail loader (19) always receives, transports and sets the working load (18) at a given horizontal height, with a maximum amplitude of height change of up to 15 centimeters.
  • Stacking of working loads (18) is carried out by simple installation - one load is installed on another.
  • the accelerated movement of an unloaded cargo platform (11) is performed by a separate accelerated lift motor (42), which, through a device that changes the torque (chain star gear or gearbox), is combined with the chain drive sprocket coupling (37) with a winch drum shaft ( 45) multi-motor electric hoisting vehicle.
  • a separate accelerated lift motor (42) which, through a device that changes the torque (chain star gear or gearbox), is combined with the chain drive sprocket coupling (37) with a winch drum shaft ( 45) multi-motor electric hoisting vehicle.
  • This ensures a high rotation speed of the winch drums (40), which with the help of fixed cables (41) having a multidirectional winding direction move the cargo platform (11) and the counterweight (13), which balances the weight of the cargo platform (1 1).
  • the electric coupling (36) disconnects the shafts of other electric machines of the electric drive of the lifting vehicle.
  • the GTA must be provided with basic structural and technical solutions and have equipment that is offered in the well-known GTA technologies.
  • the GTA has an energy system connected to an external electric network (1), which has an electric power transmission system (5), an automated process control system (ACS TP) (2), devices for switching and controlling the transmission of electric energy from an external energy network to the GTA (6) and in the opposite direction from the GTA (6) to the external power grid.
  • GTAs are made as separate units combined with power lines (5) and systems (2) in a single complex.
  • GTA has a calculated number of individual blocks.
  • Each GTA unit has a lift a vehicle (9) of vertical or inclined design, which technologically connect the lower and upper platforms for storing and moving working loads.
  • Each of these sites is equipped with a section of rail tracks (15) adjacent to the lifting vehicle (9).
  • Each section of rail tracks (15) must be equipped with an automated rail loader (19) such as a gantry crane, which in turn must be equipped with electric drive mechanisms for moving and mechanisms for capturing, raising and lowering working loads.
  • Each lifting vehicle (9) must be equipped with a counterweight (13), a set of working loads (18).
  • Working loads (18) must have grooves that are geometrically consistent with the mechanisms for gripping, raising and lowering cargo of rail loaders (19). All mechanisms of the system and devices must be equipped and connected to the power supply systems of electric drives, to the automatic control systems of all devices and mechanisms that are connected to the control system (2).
  • the GTA system must be provided with additional structural and technical solutions and have additional equipment: a system for balancing the electrical load of GTA electric machines and instantaneous balancing of incoming and outgoing power, which includes a block of DC batteries (4) with a device for converting AC to DC and vice versa (3) and a control and automatic control system for the battery.
  • the design of each lifting vehicle (9) must exceed the level of horizontal projection of the height of the upper tier of working loads (20).
  • Each lifting vehicle is equipped with a multi-engine electric drive (10).
  • Cargo platforms (11) of lifting vehicles (9) are provided with platforms for horizontal movement of goods (12) which, in turn, have elements for fixing the height horizon in loading / unloading modes of the cargo platform (28).
  • Rail loaders (19) are equipped with counterparts of the elements for fixing the height horizon in the loading / unloading modes of the cargo platform (11).
  • Rail tracks (15) are mounted on stiffeners (16), which are mounted on electrically conductive jacks to change the angle of inclination of the rail track (17).
  • Each lifting vehicle (9) is equipped with a hybrid multi-motor electric drive (U), which consists of three or more elements - the shaft of the generator (34), the shaft of a pair of electric machines (or the shafts of several pairs of reversible electric machines) that provide lifting of working loads (44) and shaft winch drums (45).
  • Each individual shaft is fitted with shaft bearings (33).
  • Shafts are interconnected by electro couplings (36).
  • the generator shaft (34) is rigidly connected to the generator rotor or sequentially connects the rotors of two generators, while the total installed power of the two generators
  • the shaft of a pair of electric machines that provide lifting of working loads (44) rigidly connects sequentially sequentially installed rotors of a pair of electric machines that provide lifting of working loads (38).
  • Winch drums (40) are rigidly mounted on the shaft of the winch drums (45).
  • One winch drum is connected by lifting cables (41) to the loading platform (11), and the second winch drum (41) is connected by cables to the counterweight (13).
  • the counterweight (13) of the sloping vehicle (9) of the inclined embodiment has a counterbalance travel line (21) and counterweight wheels (22).
  • Counterweight cables and cargo platform cables (41) have opposite directions of winding onto winch drums
  • the shaft of the winch drums (45) is equipped with an electrofusion coupling, which provides a connection to the chain sprocket (37), which receives torque from the accelerated lift motor (35).
  • the GTA must be equipped with an emergency electromechanical brake system.
  • GTA is designed for specified parameters, taking into account the parameters of the rated operation of each GTA unit during energy storage and reproduction. The calculation is based on the parameters of the combination of capacities of individual GTA units. The variability of power modes of individual GTA units is taken into account.
  • the algorithms of the automated process control system of the automatic process control system (2) of the gas turbine are calculated and executed only on the basis of the parameters for the complete completion by each separate gas turbine unit (6) of each full cycle of movement of an individual workload (18), which, according to the purpose of the cycle, provides either accumulation of an appropriate amount of energy, or its reproduction.
  • This condition is one of the key requirements for the design of GTA (6). Since the application of the Method, through the use of a block of DC batteries (4), makes it possible to constantly have and use the accumulated energy reserve and spare capacity reserve for energy consumption for storage, this technical solution allows using this operational reserve of capacities for simultaneous balancing of external network power and GTA.
  • the operating conditions of the GTA (6) incorporated into the ACS TP algorithm (2), completely exclude the possibility of intermediate stops during the full cycle.
  • the automatic process control system (2) in a given algorithm provides the connection of GTA systems and actuators (6).
  • the algorithm laid down in the industrial control system (2) uses statistical indicators of the real-time load and calculates and gives signals for connecting to the use of the calculated power (individual units) of the GTA (6), ensures the minimum use of reserve capacities taking into account the above-mentioned technical conditions for the operation of the GTA (6) .
  • the DC battery pack (4) which is connected to the power supply line (5) through the AC to DC converter and vice versa (3), which connects the GTA to an external power supply network (1).
  • the DC battery pack (4) in combination with the AC to DC conversion device (3) and the control and automatic control system for this battery (7), as well as the backup system communication network (8) are hereinafter referred to as backup system.
  • the backup system can be used in buffer, compensation, or in combined modes.
  • buffer mode the backup system must use a block of DC batteries (4) of greater total power and capacity.
  • the circuit for connecting to electric networks is used, when all the load on the external network (1) is supplied to the intermediate storage system in the backup system, and then from the backup system, in the optimal mode for the GTA (6), the load is transferred to the storage system in the GTA (6) ) That is, while part of the accumulating capacities of the backup system receives energy from the external network, another part provides energy for the GTA, and thus part of the accumulating capacities of the backup system, changing the phases of energy storage and delivery, provide energy storage of the GTA (6).
  • the capacity and capacity of the backup system can be up to 10 or more percent of the power and capacity of the GTA, and the super-intensive mode of operation of the backup system can negatively affect the battery life backup system (4).
  • the backup system of much lower power and storage capacity can be used in compensation mode, that is, a connection scheme to electric networks is used when the bulk of the load is transferred directly from the external network (1) to the GTA (6) or in the opposite direction (depending on the execution of the cycle accumulation or generation), and only surplus loads and volumes of electric energy are sent to the backup system for storage to maintain the operational balance of the backup system.
  • the control system and automatic control of DC batteries (7) constantly, in real time, maintains a balance of the filled and free capacities of the DC battery pack (4), provides instant removal of short-term excess power, or delivers energy instantly to cover short-term power failures .
  • the backup system which has the technical ability to work in the buffer mode, has two algorithms for using the buffer mode and the compensation mode, while it has the technical ability to use one or another scheme for connecting to electric networks.
  • the electric machines of the GTA unit (6) which is determined by the ACS TP system (2) for performing the energy storage process according to a certain algorithm, provide the execution of functions by controlling the drives of the corresponding mechanisms, equipment, devices, etc. This is done as follows: the electrically conductive jacks of changing the angle of inclination of the rail track (17) provide the angle of inclination of the rail tracks of the lower and upper horizons of the GTA units (6), which are involved in performing energy storage cycles. During accumulation, the angle of inclination of the rail tracks provides a bias in the lower horizon - towards the lifting vehicle (9), and on the upper horizon - from the lifting vehicle (9).
  • a rail loader (19) lifts a certain working load (18), raises it by 3-5 cm and carries it to a lifting vehicle (9).
  • the loading platform (11) is fixed with a mechanical brake (43) at the height of the stack tier from which the working load is transported.
  • the electric drive of the platform for horizontal movement of working loads (26) provides extension of the platform for horizontal movement of working loads (12) and provides mechanical articulation with the design of the rail loader (19), which was loaded with a working load (18) and installed in a specific place for transferring the working load (18) )
  • a rail loader (19) lowers the lifting mechanisms, the working load (18) is installed on the platform for horizontal movement of working loads (26), which moves to a certain position on the loading platform (11) and is disconnected from the rail loader (19).
  • the process of moving an unloaded cargo platform (11) to perform the next cycle of loading and moving the working load (18) occurs at an increased speed, in an energy-saving mode.
  • This movement is carried out by an accelerated lift electric motor (42), which, using its own drive (chain or belt drive, etc.), transmits torque to the drive sprocket of the accelerated lift electric motor (35), which is combined with the help of the chain drive sprocket coupling (37) with a winch drum shaft (45).
  • the rotation of the winch drums (40) to which the counterweight cables and the cargo platform cables (41) are attached which have a multidirectional winding direction, move the cargo platform (11) simultaneously with the counterweight (13), which balances the weight of the cargo platform (11).
  • the electric coupling (36) disconnects all other electric drive shafts of the lifting vehicle.
  • the counterweight movement line (21) is equipped, and the counterweight (13) is equipped with counterweight wheels (22).
  • the electric machines of the GTA unit (6) which is determined by the automatic process control system (2), perform the same sequence of actions to perform the energy reproduction process, but in the opposite direction, with the exception of some changes in the constituent processes.
  • the angle of inclination of the rail tracks provides a bias on the lower horizon - from the lifting vehicle (9), and on the upper horizon - towards the lifting vehicle (9).
  • the generator shaft (34) with the help of an electrofusion coupling (36) is combined with the shaft of the winch drums (45). Other electrical couplings (36) disconnect all other shafts.
  • the nominal parameters of the generator (a reversible electric machine, switched to the generator mode) are designed to create a given mechanical load at rated electric load, which ensures a constant speed of the loaded cargo platform down and thus the Method ensures a cycle with a clear correspondence of the electric parameters load, the generator almost from the beginning of the movement goes into the nominal mode of operation, which positively affects the efficiency.
  • braking is performed. Braking is performed by additional mechanical load, which is created by connecting additional generated power. This process is carried out by connecting to the work during braking additional electric machines that operate in a generator mode and have a calculated electrical load.
  • either a generator of a pair of electric machines on one shaft or an additional connection of additional electric machines that are mounted on a separate shaft by an electromuft (36) can be connected.
  • the required configuration of electric machines is created, which are connected to the shaft of the winch drums (45) and create the specified parameters of the mechanical load.
  • one of the electric machines involved is put into the braking mode. After the cargo platform (11) is completely stopped, the height determined by the automated process control system (2), the position of the cargo platform (1 1) is fixed by a mechanical brake (43) and the process of unloading the working load (18) begins.
  • the technical result of the invented Method is the solution of technical problems that are formulated in the terms of reference - the problem of the mismatch of the amplitude of the fluctuations in the loads of the external network and the loads that are produced by GTA electric cars is solved.
  • the technical ability to connect the GTA to an external network was created.
  • a technical opportunity has been created for obtaining the efficiency of the system as a whole to an acceptable level of 70-80%.
  • a technical opportunity was created to increase the performance of the GTA and at the same time use the installed capacity of the entire system to 75%.
  • the technical ability has been created to perform the GTA reaction to load changes within 200 - 300 milliseconds.
  • DC batteries have the ability to deliver all the stored energy in a volume close to the installed capacity almost simultaneously.
  • the nominal reaction rate of DC batteries is between 200 and 300 milliseconds.
  • the proposed speed braking system at the end of the energy reproduction cycle allows you to effectively redistribute the braking energy and direct up to 75% of the kinetic energy that is released along the stopping distance to generate electricity.
  • the proposed logistics system for the movement of working loads on the upper and lower storage horizons, due to the transportation of working goods only in the direction of the slope, for a short distance and without the irretrievable cost of energy for lifting working loads during stacking, provides the ability to withstand the minimum indicator of energy costs for horizontal logistics.
  • the tasks that are formulated in the technical task and the solution of which provide an increase in productivity by providing the ability to simultaneously use up to 75% of the installed capacity of the GTA in this Method is solved by refusing mutual balancing of the weight of the cargo platforms, and instead use a separate counterweight and a separate electric motor with electric drive , providing accelerated movement of an unloaded cargo platform and, thus, with minimal energy consumption, the movement is not agruzhennoy loading platform at an accelerated pace - in three or more times faster.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte au domaine de la production d'électricité et concerne notamment des procédés d'accumulation, de stockage à longue durée et de récupération d'énergie électrique dans des systèmes d'accumulation à corps solides gravitationnels, dans lesquels l'accumulation d'énergie se produit grâce à l'accumulation de l'énergie potentielle d'une masse soulevée de corps solides, et la restitution de l'énergie accumulée se fait grâce à la conversion de l'énergie cinétique de la masse des corps solides, qui se déplacent sous l'effet de la gravité, en énergie électrique qui est ensuite transmise, puis par conversion et stockage temporaire dans une unité d'accumulateurs à courant continu.
PCT/UA2019/000108 2018-08-22 2019-08-16 Procédé d'accumulation et de récupération d'énergie électrique Ceased WO2020040717A1 (fr)

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CN112096580A (zh) * 2020-07-28 2020-12-18 中电普瑞电力工程有限公司 一种基于传送链的高效重力储能系统
CN113482868A (zh) * 2021-06-08 2021-10-08 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种模块化可调功率易扩容的重力储能系统
WO2021260450A1 (fr) * 2020-06-22 2021-12-30 Palaida Oleh Batterie électromécanique gravitationnelle
US20220163018A1 (en) * 2020-09-29 2022-05-26 Damien Michael Trevor Waller Gravitational Energy Storage Device
CN114784984A (zh) * 2022-04-16 2022-07-22 郑澜涛 一种重力储能系统
CN115467521A (zh) * 2022-10-08 2022-12-13 广西博强建筑科技有限公司 一种建筑铝模板安装高度调节支座
WO2023283258A1 (fr) * 2021-07-07 2023-01-12 Energy Vault, Inc. Système d'entraînement de levage pour système de stockage et de distribution d'énergie
US11585328B2 (en) 2020-06-30 2023-02-21 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage and delivery system
CN116588607A (zh) * 2023-04-24 2023-08-15 贵州电网有限责任公司 一种斜坡式重力储能系统的质量块高能效堆放装置及方法
US11746759B1 (en) * 2022-04-28 2023-09-05 Howard S. Mitz System and method for storing and releasing energy
US11761432B2 (en) 2021-12-13 2023-09-19 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage and delivery system and method
US11820629B2 (en) 2020-01-22 2023-11-21 Energy Vault, Inc. Damped self-centering mechanism
CN117184922A (zh) * 2023-09-26 2023-12-08 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 一种单多层建筑大型平面智能运输装置的运输方法
US11982261B1 (en) 2023-04-10 2024-05-14 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage and delivery system and method
US12049874B2 (en) 2018-07-19 2024-07-30 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage system and method
WO2024160025A1 (fr) * 2023-01-31 2024-08-08 张德治 Système de stockage d'énergie électrique mécanique et procédé de stockage
US12132312B2 (en) 2020-12-24 2024-10-29 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage system with elevator lift system
CN119160813A (zh) * 2024-09-29 2024-12-20 中国五冶集团有限公司 一种装修用稳定吊装设备及其使用方法
EP4542032A1 (fr) * 2023-10-17 2025-04-23 Nordic Gravity Energy Storage Technology Oy Ensemble de système de câble d'un système de stockage d'énergie par gravité et adaptateur associé
CN119995177A (zh) * 2025-04-14 2025-05-13 北京石岱重储科技有限公司 一种输出稳定的重力储能循环系统

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US11820629B2 (en) 2020-01-22 2023-11-21 Energy Vault, Inc. Damped self-centering mechanism
WO2021260450A1 (fr) * 2020-06-22 2021-12-30 Palaida Oleh Batterie électromécanique gravitationnelle
US11761431B2 (en) 2020-06-30 2023-09-19 Energy Vault, Inc. Elevator cage for energy storage and delivery system
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US11746758B2 (en) 2020-06-30 2023-09-05 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage and delivery method
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US20220163018A1 (en) * 2020-09-29 2022-05-26 Damien Michael Trevor Waller Gravitational Energy Storage Device
US12132312B2 (en) 2020-12-24 2024-10-29 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage system with elevator lift system
CN113482868B (zh) * 2021-06-08 2023-10-10 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种模块化可调功率易扩容的重力储能系统
CN113482868A (zh) * 2021-06-08 2021-10-08 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种模块化可调功率易扩容的重力储能系统
WO2023283258A1 (fr) * 2021-07-07 2023-01-12 Energy Vault, Inc. Système d'entraînement de levage pour système de stockage et de distribution d'énergie
US12215676B2 (en) 2021-07-07 2025-02-04 Energy Vault, Inc. Lift drive system for energy storage and delivery system
US11761432B2 (en) 2021-12-13 2023-09-19 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage and delivery system and method
US12044218B2 (en) 2021-12-13 2024-07-23 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage and delivery system and method
US12421938B2 (en) 2021-12-13 2025-09-23 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage and delivery system and method
CN114784984A (zh) * 2022-04-16 2022-07-22 郑澜涛 一种重力储能系统
US11746759B1 (en) * 2022-04-28 2023-09-05 Howard S. Mitz System and method for storing and releasing energy
CN115467521B (zh) * 2022-10-08 2023-07-18 广西博强建筑科技有限公司 一种建筑铝模板安装高度调节支座
CN115467521A (zh) * 2022-10-08 2022-12-13 广西博强建筑科技有限公司 一种建筑铝模板安装高度调节支座
WO2024160025A1 (fr) * 2023-01-31 2024-08-08 张德治 Système de stockage d'énergie électrique mécanique et procédé de stockage
US12017687B2 (en) 2023-04-10 2024-06-25 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage and delivery system and method
US12116986B2 (en) 2023-04-10 2024-10-15 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage and delivery system and method
US11982261B1 (en) 2023-04-10 2024-05-14 Energy Vault, Inc. Energy storage and delivery system and method
CN116588607A (zh) * 2023-04-24 2023-08-15 贵州电网有限责任公司 一种斜坡式重力储能系统的质量块高能效堆放装置及方法
CN117184922A (zh) * 2023-09-26 2023-12-08 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 一种单多层建筑大型平面智能运输装置的运输方法
EP4542032A1 (fr) * 2023-10-17 2025-04-23 Nordic Gravity Energy Storage Technology Oy Ensemble de système de câble d'un système de stockage d'énergie par gravité et adaptateur associé
CN119160813A (zh) * 2024-09-29 2024-12-20 中国五冶集团有限公司 一种装修用稳定吊装设备及其使用方法
CN119995177A (zh) * 2025-04-14 2025-05-13 北京石岱重储科技有限公司 一种输出稳定的重力储能循环系统

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