WO2019188498A1 - ガラスキャリア付銅箔及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ガラスキャリア付銅箔及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019188498A1 WO2019188498A1 PCT/JP2019/011177 JP2019011177W WO2019188498A1 WO 2019188498 A1 WO2019188498 A1 WO 2019188498A1 JP 2019011177 W JP2019011177 W JP 2019011177W WO 2019188498 A1 WO2019188498 A1 WO 2019188498A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- glass carrier
- copper foil
- copper
- release layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/062—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/02—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
- H05K3/022—Processes for manufacturing precursors of printed circuits, i.e. copper-clad substrates
- H05K3/025—Processes for manufacturing precursors of printed circuits, i.e. copper-clad substrates by transfer of thin metal foil formed on a temporary carrier, e.g. peel-apart copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/001—General methods for coating; Devices therefor
- C03C17/002—General methods for coating; Devices therefor for flat glass, e.g. float glass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
- C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
- C03C2218/151—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by vacuum evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
- C03C2218/34—Masking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
- H05K2201/0332—Structure of the conductor
- H05K2201/0335—Layered conductors or foils
- H05K2201/0355—Metal foils
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a copper foil with a glass carrier and a method for producing the same.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-76091
- a release layer and an ultrathin copper foil are sequentially formed on a smooth surface of a carrier copper foil whose average surface roughness Rz is reduced to 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 2.0 ⁇ m or less.
- a method for producing an ultrathin copper foil with a carrier including laminating is disclosed, and it is also disclosed that a multilayer printed wiring board is obtained by applying high density ultrafine wiring (fine pattern) with this ultrathin copper foil with a carrier. Has been.
- Patent Document 2 International Publication No. 2017/150283 discloses a copper foil with a carrier provided with a carrier (for example, a glass carrier), a release layer, an antireflection layer, and an ultrathin copper layer in this order. It is described that a layer, an antireflection layer and an ultrathin copper layer are formed by sputtering.
- Patent Document 3 International Publication No. 2017/1502864 discloses a carrier-attached copper including a carrier (for example, a glass carrier), an intermediate layer (for example, a close-contact metal layer and a peeling auxiliary layer), a peeling layer, and an ultrathin copper layer.
- a foil is disclosed, which describes forming an intermediate layer, a release layer and an ultrathin copper layer by sputtering.
- each layer is formed by sputtering on a carrier such as glass having excellent surface flatness, so that an extremely low arithmetic average of 1.0 nm to 100 nm on the outer surface of the ultrathin copper layer. Roughness Ra is realized.
- a carrier capable of coping with such a problem may occur when the laminated portion of the carrier and the copper layer comes into contact with another member when the copper foil with the carrier is brought into contact with the other members.
- Several copper foils have been proposed.
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-3315357
- the peeling layer in the vicinity of the left and right edges of the copper foil as the carrier is formed thinner than the central portion, or the peeling layer is formed in the vicinity of the edge.
- a copper foil with a carrier that is not formed is disclosed, and by doing so, it is said that problems such as peeling of the copper layer from the carrier during handling of the copper foil with a carrier do not occur.
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2017-177651 discloses a copper foil with a release film in which regions where a copper film is directly formed are provided at both ends of a resin film. Thus, the copper film and the film do not cause misalignment and can be prevented from being peeled off during the manufacturing process.
- the carrier-attached copper foil is cut so as to have a size that can be processed by the mounting equipment, and downsized, for example, from several tens of mm square to several hundred mm square.
- the peeling strength of the peeling layer exposed at the cutting interface is low, so the copper layer is the carrier triggered by slight scratches on the surface or edge of the copper foil with carrier. May come off.
- the intended circuit pattern cannot be formed, and there is a problem that it cannot proceed to the subsequent steps.
- a masking process is performed on a portion on the carrier that is scheduled to be cut before forming the various layers, so that a release layer or the like does not partially exist.
- a region where the copper layer does not exist partially is formed, so that it is difficult to ensure electrical conduction over the entire copper layer, which hinders the electrolytic plating process during circuit formation.
- Such a problem may occur in the manufacturing process after lamination.
- the present inventor has recently reduced downsizing while ensuring electrical continuity on the entire surface of the copper layer by providing a non-peelable region having no peelable layer as a cutting allowance in a predetermined pattern in the copper foil with a glass carrier.
- the copper layer is hardly peeled off at the cut site, the intended circuit pattern can be easily formed, and a fine pitch circuit mounting board can be desirably realized.
- the object of the present invention is to ensure electrical conduction over the entire surface of the copper layer, and even when downsized, the copper layer does not easily peel off at the cut portion, and an intended circuit pattern can be easily formed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a copper foil with a glass carrier that can desirably realize a substrate.
- the glass carrier-attached copper foil has a plurality of peelable regions where the release layer is present and a non-peelable region where the release layer is not present, and the non-peelable region defines the plurality of peelable regions.
- a copper foil with a glass carrier provided in a pattern is provided.
- the said copper foil with a glass carrier, Preparing a glass carrier; Arranging a frame configured in a pattern that divides a plurality of regions in a state of being floated with a predetermined separation distance from the surface of the glass carrier; While the frame is placed in the state, the release layer and the copper layer are sequentially formed on the glass carrier by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, and the release layer is present in a region hidden by the frame.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- the release layer is formed thinner than the copper layer so that the release layer component is prevented from entering and accumulating in the area hidden by the frame and the release layer is not formed in the area.
- Forming the copper layer thicker than the release layer so as to promote the penetration and deposition of copper into the area hidden by the frame to form the copper layer in the area; and A method is provided wherein the separation distance and the width of the frame are set to prevent deposition of the release layer in a region hidden by the frame but to allow deposition of the copper layer.
- the said copper foil with a glass carrier Preparing a glass carrier;
- the temporary copper foil with glass carrier is heated to a pattern defining a plurality of regions, and the release layer existing in the region corresponding to the pattern is selectively lost or malfunctioned, thereby Forming the non-peelable region where the release layer does not exist and the peelable region where the release layer remains;
- maximum height Rz measured in accordance with JIS B 0601-2001 is simply referred to as “maximum height Rz” or “Rz”.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a layer configuration in a cross section taken along line A-A ′ of the copper foil with a glass carrier shown in FIG. 1. It is a schematic cross section which shows the copper foil with a glass carrier cut
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship of the glass carrier and the frame shown in FIG. 6 along the line B-B ′.
- FIG. 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows an example of the flame
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the layer structure in the cross section along the line A-A ′ of the copper foil with a glass carrier shown in FIG. 1. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the glass carrier arrange
- FIG. 10B is a schematic top view of the support shown in FIG. 10A and a glass carrier installed on the support. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows a support body and the glass carrier and flame
- FIG. 11B is a schematic top view of the support shown in FIG. 11A and a glass carrier and a frame disposed on the support.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the results of semi-quantitative analysis by STEM-EDS of a peelable region in a carrier-attached copper foil produced in Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the results of semi-quantitative analysis by STEM-EDS of the non-peelable region in the carrier-provided copper foil produced in Example 1.
- the copper foil 10 with a glass carrier of the present invention includes a glass carrier 12, a release layer 16, and a copper layer 18 in this order.
- the release layer 16 is a layer that is provided on the glass carrier 12 and has a function of enabling the glass carrier 12 and the copper layer 18 to be peeled from each other.
- the copper layer 18 is a layer provided on the release layer 16.
- the glass carrier-attached copper foil 10 may further include an intermediate layer 14 between the glass carrier 12 and the release layer 16. Further, the glass carrier-attached copper foil 10 may further include a functional layer 17 between the release layer 16 and the copper layer 18.
- the release layer does not exist means a state in which the release material does not have a release function, and indicates a state in which the constituent materials constituting the release layer do not exist as a layer. Therefore, in addition to a state where the release layer is not completely present, a state where a slight amount of the constituent material constituting the release layer remains is also included.
- the non-peelable region U in which the release layer 16 does not exist as a cutting allowance in a predetermined pattern downsizing is ensured while ensuring electrical conduction over the entire surface of the copper layer 18. Even if this is done, the copper layer 18 is not easily peeled off at the cut portion, an intended circuit pattern can be easily formed, and a fine pitch circuit mounting board can be desirably realized. That is, since the glass carrier 12 inherently has a flat surface, the surface of the copper layer 18 laminated on the glass carrier 12 via the release layer 16 also has a flat shape, and the flat surface of the copper layer 18 is Fine pattern can be formed.
- the peelable layer 16 is not present, but the copper layer 18 is present. Therefore, the copper layer 18 part of the plurality of peelable regions R used for forming the fine pattern is the copper of the non-peelable region U. Electrical connection is made through the layer 18 portion. As a result, it is possible to ensure electrical continuity over the entire surface of the copper layer 18, and it is possible to efficiently perform an electrolytic plating process or the like during circuit formation.
- the copper foil 10 with a carrier of the present invention retains preferable characteristics derived from the copper layer 18 such as conductivity while the non-peelable region U exists.
- each of the peelable areas U can be obtained by cutting the copper foil 10 with the glass carrier according to the pattern of the non-peelable areas U.
- a plurality of copper foils 10 'with glass carriers that have R and are downsized to a size that can be processed by the mounting equipment can be obtained.
- a copper foil with a glass carrier 10 ′ obtained by cutting in the non-peelable region U is schematically shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the glass carrier-attached copper foil 10 ′ has a cut surface in the non-peelable region U.
- the non-peelable region U is in a state where the glass carrier 12 and the copper layer 18 cannot be separated from each other because the release layer 16 is not present.
- it can be effectively prevented.
- an intended circuit pattern can be easily formed, and a fine-pitch circuit mounting board can be desirably realized.
- the copper foil 10 with a glass carrier of the present invention is scheduled to be cut in accordance with the predetermined pattern so that the non-peelable region U is so that the copper foil 10 with a glass carrier is divided into a plurality of sheets.
- the cutting of the copper foil with glass carrier 10 may be performed according to a known method, and is not particularly limited. Examples of preferable cutting methods include dicing, water cutter, laser cutter and the like.
- the pattern of the non-peelable region U is preferably provided in a lattice shape, a fence shape, or a cross shape because it is easy to partition a plurality of peelable regions R into uniform shapes and sizes suitable for a circuit mounting board.
- the non-peelable region U may be an intermittent pattern.
- the intermittent pattern is composed of a plurality of structural units u in which the release layer 16 does not exist.
- the shape of the structural unit u of the intermittent pattern is not particularly limited, and may be any shape. Examples of the shape of a typical structural unit u include a circle, an ellipse, a polygon, a star polygon, and combinations thereof.
- the shapes of the plurality of structural units u may be the same or different.
- the area of each structural unit u is preferably 100 mm 2 or less, more preferably 80 mm 2 or less, still more preferably 60 mm 2 or less, and particularly preferably 40 mm 2 or less.
- the lower limit value of the area of each structural unit u is not particularly limited, but is typically 1 mm 2 or more, and more typically 4 mm 2 or more.
- the structural unit u of the intermittent pattern can be preferably produced by a heat treatment such as laser irradiation described later.
- the length of the structural unit u in one direction is L, and one structural unit u1 adjacent in the one direction
- the ratio x / L to L may be, for example, 0.1 or more, may be 0.2 or more, and may be 0.5 or more. It may be.
- the x / L may be, for example, 10 or less, 5 or less, or 1 or less.
- the non-peelable region U By making the non-peelable region U an intermittent pattern, not only can the copper layer 18 be prevented from being peeled when the carrier-attached copper foil 10 is cut or after being cut, but also when the copper layer 18 is pulled in the in-plane direction, Unintentional peeling of the copper layer 18 from the vicinity of the boundary between the peelable region R and the non-peelable region U can also be effectively suppressed. That is, in a manufacturing process of a printed wiring board or the like, for example, when an insulating material or the like is laminated on a copper foil with a carrier, the laminated insulating material or the like contracts, so that the surface on which the insulating material is laminated has a central portion.
- the width of the pattern of the non-peelable region U is preferably 1 mm or more and 50 mm or less, more preferably 1.5 mm or more and 45 mm or less, further preferably 2.0 mm or more and 40 mm or less, and particularly preferably 2.5 mm or more and 35 mm or less. .
- the ratio of the area of the non-peelable region U to the total area of the peelable region R and the non-peelable region U is 0. It is preferably 0.01 or more and 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.02 or more and 0.45 or less, further preferably 0.05 or more and 0.40 or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 or more and 0.35 or less. .
- the glass carrier 12 is made of glass.
- the form of the glass carrier 12 may be any of a sheet, a film, and a plate.
- the glass carrier 12 may be a laminate of these sheets, films, plates and the like.
- the glass carrier 12 is preferably capable of functioning as a support having rigidity such as a glass plate. More preferably, from the viewpoint of preventing warpage of the glass carrier-attached copper foil 10 in a process involving heating, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is less than 25 ppm / K (typically 1.0 ppm / K or more and 23 ppm / K or less). It is glass.
- the glass carrier 12 preferably has a Vickers hardness of 100 HV or more, more preferably 150 HV or more and 2500 HV or less.
- a Vickers hardness 100 HV or more, more preferably 150 HV or more and 2500 HV or less.
- Glass carrier 12 is preferably a glass containing SiO 2, more preferably a SiO 2 50 wt% or more, further preferably glass containing SiO 2 60 wt% or more.
- the glass constituting the glass carrier 12 include quartz glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, soda lime glass, aminosilicate glass, and combinations thereof, more preferably borosilicate glass and alkali-free glass. , Soda lime glass, and combinations thereof, particularly preferably alkali-free glass, soda lime glass, and combinations thereof, most preferably alkali-free glass.
- the glass carrier 12 is composed of borosilicate glass, non-alkali glass or soda lime glass, it is preferable because chipping of the glass carrier 12 can be reduced when the copper foil 10 with glass carrier is cut.
- the alkali-free glass is a glass mainly containing silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, boron oxide, and alkaline earth metal oxides such as calcium oxide and barium oxide, and further containing boric acid and substantially no alkali metal. That is.
- This alkali-free glass has a low and stable coefficient of thermal expansion in the range of 3 ppm / K to 5 ppm / K in a wide temperature range from 0 ° C. to 350 ° C., thus minimizing glass warpage in processes involving heating. There is an advantage that you can.
- the thickness of the glass carrier 12 is preferably from 100 ⁇ m to 2000 ⁇ m, more preferably from 300 ⁇ m to 1800 ⁇ m, still more preferably from 400 ⁇ m to 1100 ⁇ m. When the thickness is within such a range, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the printed wiring board and reduce the warpage that occurs when mounting electronic components while ensuring an appropriate strength that does not hinder handling.
- the surface of the glass carrier 12 preferably has a maximum height Rz of less than 1.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m, still more preferably 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.1 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 0. It is 0.001 to 0.08 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.05 ⁇ m, and most preferably 0.001 to 0.02 ⁇ m.
- Rz the maximum height of the surface of the glass carrier 12
- the line / space (L / S) is about 13 ⁇ m or less / 13 ⁇ m or less (for example, 12 ⁇ m / 12 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m / 2 ⁇ m). This is suitable for forming a highly miniaturized wiring pattern.
- the intermediate layer 14 provided as desired is a layer that is interposed between the carrier 12 and the release layer 16 and contributes to ensuring adhesion between the carrier 12 and the release layer 16.
- the metal constituting the intermediate layer 14 include Cu, Ti, Al, Nb, Zr, Cr, W, Ta, Co, Ag, Ni, In, Sn, Zn, Ga, Mo, and combinations thereof (hereinafter referred to as metals).
- M preferably Cu, Ti, Al, Nb, Zr, Cr, W, Ta, Co, Ag, Ni, Mo and combinations thereof, more preferably Cu, Ti, Zr, Al, Cr, W, Ni, Mo and combinations thereof, more preferably Cu, Ti, Al, Cr, Ni, Mo and combinations thereof, particularly preferably Cu, Ti, Al, Ni and combinations thereof.
- the intermediate layer 14 may be a pure metal or an alloy.
- the metal constituting the intermediate layer 14 may contain inevitable impurities due to raw material components, film formation processes, and the like.
- the upper limit of the metal content is not particularly limited, and may be 100 atomic%.
- the intermediate layer 14 is preferably a layer formed by physical vapor deposition (PVD), and more preferably a layer formed by sputtering. It is particularly preferable that the intermediate layer 14 is a layer formed by a magnetron sputtering method using a metal target because the uniformity of the film thickness distribution can be improved.
- the thickness of the intermediate layer 14 is preferably 10 nm to 1000 nm, more preferably 30 nm to 800 nm, still more preferably 60 nm to 600 nm, and particularly preferably 100 nm to 400 nm. This thickness is a value measured by analyzing the cross section of the layer with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (TEM-EDX) of a transmission electron microscope.
- TEM-EDX energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer
- the intermediate layer 14 may have a single-layer structure or a structure with two or more layers.
- the intermediate layer 14 is preferably composed of a layer containing a metal composed of Cu, Al, Ti, Ni, or a combination thereof (for example, an alloy or an intermetallic compound).
- Al, Ti, or a combination thereof (for example, an alloy or an intermetallic compound) is preferable, and a layer mainly containing Al or a layer mainly containing Ti is more preferable.
- the intermediate layer 14 is preferably configured to have a two-layer structure.
- an example of a preferable two-layer configuration of the intermediate layer 14 includes a laminated structure including a Ti-containing layer adjacent to the glass carrier 12 and a Cu-containing layer adjacent to the release layer 16.
- the peel strength also changes. Therefore, it is preferable to appropriately adjust the constituent elements and the thickness of each layer.
- the category of “metal M-containing layer” includes alloys containing an element other than metal M as long as the peelability of the carrier is not impaired. Therefore, the intermediate layer 14 can also be referred to as a layer mainly containing the metal M. From the above points, the content of the metal M in the intermediate layer 14 is preferably 50 atom% or more and 100 atom% or less, more preferably 60 atom% or more and 100 atom% or less, and further preferably 70 atom% or more and 100 atom% or less. % Or less, particularly preferably 80 atom% or more and 100 atom% or less, and most preferably 90 atom% or more and 100 atom% or less.
- an example of a preferable alloy is a Ni alloy.
- the Ni alloy preferably has a Ni content of 45 wt% or more and 98 wt% or less, more preferably 55 wt% or more and 90 wt% or less, and further preferably 65 wt% or more and 85 wt% or less.
- a preferred Ni alloy is an alloy of Ni and at least one selected from the group consisting of Cr, W, Ta, Co, Cu, Ti, Zr, Si, C, Nd, Nb and La, more preferably It is at least one alloy selected from the group consisting of Ni and Cr, W, Cu and Si.
- the peeling layer 16 is a layer having a function that allows the glass carrier 12 and the copper layer 18 to be peeled from each other.
- the peelable region R since the peeling layer 16 exists in the peelable region R, it can be said that the peelable region R is a region having a function of peeling the glass carrier 12 and the copper layer 18 from each other.
- the peeling layer 16 does not exist in the non-peelable region U, it can be said that the non-peelable region U is a region that does not have a function of peeling the glass carrier 12 and the copper layer 18 from each other.
- the layer that does not have the function of allowing the glass carrier 12 and the copper layer 18 to be separated from each other is not the release layer 16. Therefore, unless the glass carrier 12 and the copper layer 18 have a function of peeling each other, it is allowed that the constituent component of the peeling layer 16 is included in the non-peelable region U. Examples of such a case include that the constituent components of the release layer 16 are only extremely thin or interspersed in the non-peelable region U so as not to exhibit the above release function, Examples include a case where the peeling function is lost and the peeling layer 16 can no longer be said.
- the release layer 16 can be made of a known material that is employed as a release layer for the copper foil with carrier.
- the release layer 16 may be either an organic release layer or an inorganic release layer.
- organic components used in the organic release layer include nitrogen-containing organic compounds, sulfur-containing organic compounds, carboxylic acids and the like.
- nitrogen-containing organic compounds include triazole compounds and imidazole compounds.
- examples of inorganic components used in the inorganic release layer include Ni, Mo, Co, Cr, Fe, Ti, W, P, Zn, Cu, Al, Nb, Zr, Ta, Ag, In, Sn, and Ga. And at least one kind of metal oxide, carbon layer and the like.
- the release layer 16 is preferably a carbon layer, that is, a layer mainly containing carbon from the viewpoint of ease of peeling and film formation, and more preferably a layer mainly made of carbon or hydrocarbon. More preferably, it is made of amorphous carbon which is a hard carbon film.
- the release layer 16 (that is, the carbon layer) preferably has a carbon concentration measured by XPS of 60 atomic% or more, more preferably 70 atomic% or more, still more preferably 80 atomic% or more, and particularly preferably 85. It is at least atomic percent.
- the upper limit value of the carbon concentration is not particularly limited, and may be 100 atomic%, but 98 atomic% or less is realistic.
- the release layer 16 (particularly the carbon layer) can contain inevitable impurities (for example, oxygen, hydrogen, etc. derived from the surrounding environment such as the atmosphere).
- metal atoms may be mixed into the release layer 16 (particularly the carbon layer) due to the method of forming the functional layer 17 or the copper layer 18.
- Carbon has low interdiffusion and reactivity with carriers, and prevents metal bonds from forming due to high-temperature heating between the copper foil layer and the bonding interface even when subjected to press processing at temperatures exceeding 300 ° C. Thus, it is possible to maintain a state where the carrier can be easily peeled and removed.
- the release layer 16 is also a layer formed by a vapor phase method such as sputtering, which suppresses excessive impurities in the amorphous carbon, and the continuous productivity with the formation of the intermediate layer 14 provided as desired.
- the thickness of the release layer 16 (particularly the carbon layer) is preferably 1 nm or more and 20 nm or less, and more preferably 1 nm or more and 10 nm or less. This thickness is a value measured by analyzing the cross section of the layer with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (TEM-EDX) of a transmission electron microscope.
- TEM-EDX energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer
- a functional layer 17 may be provided between the release layer 16 and the copper layer 18 if desired.
- the functional layer 17 is not particularly limited as long as it imparts desired functions such as an etching stopper function and an antireflection function to the copper foil 10 with glass carrier.
- the metal constituting the functional layer 17 include Ti, Al, Nb, Zr, Cr, W, Ta, Co, Ag, Ni, Mo, and combinations thereof, and more preferably Ti, Zr, Al , Cr, W, Ni, Mo and combinations thereof, more preferably Ti, Al, Cr, Ni, Mo and combinations thereof, particularly preferably Ti, Mo and combinations thereof.
- the functional layer 17 becomes a layer that is harder to be etched by the copper flash etchant than the copper layer 18, and therefore can function as an etching stopper layer. Further, since the above-described metal constituting the functional layer 17 also has a function of preventing light reflection, the functional layer 17 is an antireflection layer for improving visibility in image inspection (for example, automatic image inspection (AOI)). Can also function.
- the functional layer 17 may be a pure metal or an alloy.
- the metal constituting the functional layer 17 may contain inevitable impurities due to raw material components, film forming processes, and the like.
- the functional layer 17 is preferably a layer formed by physical vapor deposition (PVD), and more preferably a layer formed by sputtering.
- the thickness of the functional layer 17 is preferably 1 nm to 500 nm, more preferably 10 nm to 400 nm, still more preferably 30 nm to 300 nm, and particularly preferably 50 nm to 200 nm.
- the copper layer 18 is a layer made of copper.
- the copper constituting the copper layer 18 may contain inevitable impurities due to raw material components, film forming processes, and the like.
- the copper layer 18 may be manufactured by any method, for example, wet film forming methods such as electroless copper plating and electrolytic copper plating, physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods such as sputtering and vacuum evaporation, It may be a copper layer formed by vapor deposition or a combination thereof. Particularly preferred is a copper layer formed by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method such as a sputtering method or vacuum vapor deposition from the viewpoint of facilitating a fine pitch by ultrathinning, and most preferably produced by a sputtering method. Copper layer.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- the copper layer 18 is preferably a non-roughened copper layer.
- preliminary roughening, soft etching treatment, cleaning treatment, oxidation-reduction may be used as long as it does not hinder wiring pattern formation during printed wiring board manufacture.
- a secondary roughening may be caused by the treatment.
- the thickness of the copper layer 18 is preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 3.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.10 ⁇ m or more and 2.5 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 0.15 ⁇ m or more.
- the copper layer 18 having a thickness in such a range is preferably manufactured by a sputtering method from the viewpoint of in-plane uniformity of the film thickness and productivity in the form of a sheet or roll.
- the maximum height Rz on the outermost surface of the copper layer 18 is preferably less than 1.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m, still more preferably 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.1 ⁇ m, and even more preferably. Is from 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.08 ⁇ m, particularly preferably from 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.05 ⁇ m, and most preferably from 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.02 ⁇ m. This is extremely advantageous for fine pitch.
- the intermediate layer 14 (if present), release layer 16, functional layer 17 (if present) and copper layer 18 were all formed by physical vapor deposition (PVD) film, ie, physical vapor deposition (PVD) method.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- a film is preferable, and a sputtered film, that is, a film formed by a sputtering method is more preferable.
- the copper foil with glass carrier 10 according to the present invention may be manufactured by any method, but as a preferable manufacturing method below, the manufacturing method according to the first aspect and the second method are as follows. The manufacturing method by an aspect is shown.
- the peelable region R and the non-peelable region U are formed by sequentially forming various layers while the predetermined frame is placed in a state of being floated from the surface of the glass carrier.
- a copper foil with a glass carrier is prepared. That is, the manufacturing method of the glass carrier-attached copper foil 10 according to the first aspect includes (A-1) preparing a glass carrier, and (A-2) lifting a frame configured in a predetermined pattern from the surface of the glass carrier. And (A-3) forming various layers on the glass carrier by physical vapor deposition (PVD) while the frame is placed.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- the maximum height Rz of at least one surface of the glass carrier 12 is preferably a flat surface of less than 1.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.1 ⁇ m. Even more preferably, it is 0.001 ⁇ m or more and 0.08 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 0.001 ⁇ m or more and 0.05 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 0.001 ⁇ m or more and 0.02 ⁇ m or less.
- glass carriers 12 Since glass products are generally excellent in flatness, a commercially available glass sheet, glass film and glass plate having a flat surface satisfying Rz within the above range may be used as the glass carrier 12. Or you may provide Rz within the said range by grind
- the preferable material and characteristics of the glass carrier 12 are as described above.
- (A-2) Frame Arrangement As shown schematically in FIGS. 6 and 7, the frame 20 configured in a pattern that partitions a plurality of regions is floated at a predetermined distance from the surface of the glass carrier 12. Arrange in the state. In this way, when the film formation by the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method is performed thinly, the intrusion and deposition of the layer components in the region hidden by the frame 20 (the region indicated by the dots in FIG. Can substantially prevent. On the other hand, when the film formation by the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method is performed thickly, the layer component sufficiently wraps around from the peripheral edge of the floated frame 20, so that the layer component penetrates into and accumulates in the area hidden by the frame 20. To do.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- the single frame 20 is disposed at a predetermined position, a thick layer (for example, the intermediate layer 14 and the functional layer 17) is hidden in the region hidden by the frame 20.
- a thick layer for example, the intermediate layer 14 and the functional layer 17
- the frame 20 is preferably made of a metal because it can provide high rigidity.
- preferable metals include stainless steel (SUS), Al, Ni, Cr, Cu, Ti, Mo, W, Ta, and combinations thereof. And alloys thereof. By doing so, the deflection of the frame 20 is suppressed at the time of film formation or the like, and the non-peelable region U can be formed in a desired pattern with good reproducibility.
- the distance D between the glass carrier 12 and the frame 20 (the shortest distance from the surface of the glass carrier 12 to the frame 20 indicated by the arrow in FIG. 7).
- the distance W and the width W of the frame 20 are set so as to prevent the formation of the peeling layer 16 in the region hidden by the frame 20 but to allow the copper layer 18 to be formed.
- the shorter the distance between the glass carrier 12 and the frame 20 is, or the longer the width of the frame 20 is, the more difficult it is for the layer components to penetrate and deposit inside the region hidden by the frame 20.
- the separation distance and the width of the frame 20 are allowed so as to allow the copper layer 18 to be formed by wrapping around from the periphery of the frame 20 while preventing the formation of the release layer 16 by the frame 20.
- the “frame width” means the length W in the short direction of the individual long portions constituting the frame 20 as shown in FIG. 7, and includes a plurality of long portions. It does not mean the width of the entire frame 20. It is preferable that the frame 20 and / or the glass carrier 12 is supported by a mechanism for adjusting the separation distance.
- the separation distance and the width of the frame 20 may be appropriately determined according to the film thickness of the release layer 16 and the copper layer 18 to be formed, and are not particularly limited.
- the distance between the glass carrier 12 and the frame 20 is typically 1 mm to 50 mm, and more typically 1 mm to 10 mm.
- the width of the frame 20 is typically 1 mm or more and 50 mm or less, and more typically 1 mm or more and 30 mm or less.
- the frame 20 may have a reverse tapered cross-sectional shape in which the width of the frame 20 increases in a direction away from the surface of the glass carrier 12. Good.
- the frame 20 may have a tapered cross-sectional shape in which the width of the frame 20 decreases in a direction away from the surface of the glass carrier 12.
- the cross-sectional shape of the frame 20 is not limited to a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 7, but may be a different shape such as a triangular shape or a trapezoidal shape as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8F.
- the cross-sectional shape of the frame is other than a rectangular shape (for example, a triangular shape or a trapezoidal shape as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8F)
- the maximum length in the short direction of the long portion constituting the frame (That is, the maximum width of the frame) is adopted as the value of the frame width.
- A-3) Formation of various layers on the glass carrier While the frame 20 is placed in a state of being floated at a predetermined distance from the surface of the glass carrier 12, an intermediate layer 14 is optionally formed on the glass carrier 12.
- a release layer 16, a functional layer 17, and a copper layer 18, if desired, are sequentially formed by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method to obtain a glass carrier-attached copper foil 10.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- the copper layer 18 is formed thicker than the release layer 16 so as to promote the penetration and deposition of the component of the copper layer 18 into the region hidden by the frame 20 and form the copper layer 18 in this region.
- the non-peelable region U where the release layer 16 does not exist is formed in the region hidden by the frame 20, while the peelable region R where the release layer 16 exists is formed in the region not hidden by the frame 20.
- the intermediate layer 14 and / or the functional layer 17 it is preferable to form these films thicker than the release layer 16, as in the case of the copper layer 18.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- the frame 20 is arranged in a state of being floated at a predetermined distance from the glass carrier 12 before forming various layers, the glass carrier is formed immediately before and after the formation of the release layer 16. It is not necessary to install or remove a mask on the surface of 12. As a result, various layers can be efficiently deposited while maintaining a vacuum state.
- the film formation by physical vapor deposition (PVD) method is not particularly limited as long as it is performed according to known conditions using a known vapor deposition apparatus.
- the sputtering method may be any of various known methods such as magnetron sputtering, dipole sputtering, and counter target sputtering.
- magnetron sputtering has a high film formation rate and high productivity. It is preferable at a high point.
- Sputtering may be performed by any power source of DC (direct current) and RF (high frequency).
- a plate-type target whose target shape is widely known can be used, but it is desirable to use a cylindrical target from the viewpoint of target use efficiency.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- the intermediate layer 14 is formed by physical vapor deposition (PVD) (preferably sputtering), Cu, Ti, Al, Nb, Zr, Cr, W, Ta, Co, Ag, Ni, In, Sn, Zn
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- a target composed of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ga and Mo and perform magnetron sputtering in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
- the purity of the target is preferably 99.9% or higher.
- an inert gas such as argon gas is preferably used.
- the flow rate of the argon gas is not particularly limited as long as it is appropriately determined according to the sputtering chamber size and film forming conditions.
- the pressure at the time of film formation in the range of 0.1 Pa or more and 20 Pa or less from the viewpoint of continuous film formation without malfunction such as abnormal discharge and plasma irradiation defect.
- This pressure range may be set by adjusting the deposition power and the flow rate of argon gas according to the device structure, capacity, vacuum pump exhaust capacity, rated capacity of the deposition power source, and the like.
- the sputtering power is film thickness uniformity of the film formation, in consideration of productivity and the like may be appropriately set within a range of 0.05 W / cm 2 or more 10.0 W / cm 2 or less per unit area of the target.
- Film formation of the release layer 16 by physical vapor deposition (PVD) is preferably performed using a carbon target in an inert atmosphere such as argon.
- the carbon target is preferably composed of graphite, but may contain inevitable impurities (for example, oxygen and carbon derived from the surrounding environment such as the atmosphere).
- the purity of the carbon target is preferably 99.99% or more, more preferably 99.999% or more.
- This pressure range may be set by adjusting the deposition power and the flow rate of argon gas according to the device structure, capacity, vacuum pump exhaust capacity, rated capacity of the deposition power source, and the like. Further, the sputtering power is film thickness uniformity of the film formation, in consideration of productivity and the like may be appropriately set within a range of 0.05 W / cm 2 or more 10.0 W / cm 2 or less per unit area of the target.
- the film formation of the functional layer 17 by physical vapor deposition (PVD) method is selected from the group consisting of Ti, Al, Nb, Zr, Cr, W, Ta, Co, Ag, Ni, and Mo. It is preferable to carry out by a magnetron sputtering method using a target composed of at least one kind of metal. The purity of the target is preferably 99.9% or higher.
- the film formation of the functional layer 17 by the magnetron sputtering method is preferably performed in an inert gas atmosphere such as argon at a pressure of 0.1 Pa to 20 Pa.
- the sputtering pressure is more preferably 0.2 Pa to 15 Pa, and still more preferably 0.3 Pa to 10 Pa.
- the pressure range may be controlled by adjusting the deposition power and the flow rate of argon gas according to the device structure, capacity, vacuum pump exhaust capacity, rated power supply capacity, and the like.
- the flow rate of the argon gas is not particularly limited as long as it is appropriately determined according to the sputtering chamber size and film forming conditions.
- the sputtering power is film thickness uniformity of the film formation, in consideration of productivity and the like may be appropriately set within a range of 1.0 W / cm 2 or more 15.0W / cm 2 or less per unit area of the target.
- the carrier temperature during film formation is preferably adjusted in the range of 25 ° C. or more and 300 ° C. or less, more preferably 40 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. or less, and further preferably 50 ° C. or more and 150 ° C. or less.
- Film formation of the copper layer 18 by physical vapor deposition (PVD) is preferably performed in an inert atmosphere such as argon using a copper target.
- the copper target is preferably composed of metallic copper, but may contain unavoidable impurities.
- the purity of the copper target is preferably 99.9% or more, more preferably 99.99%, and still more preferably 99.999% or more.
- a stage cooling mechanism may be provided during sputtering.
- This pressure range may be set by adjusting the deposition power and the flow rate of argon gas according to the device structure, capacity, vacuum pump exhaust capacity, rated capacity of the deposition power source, and the like. Further, the sputtering power is film thickness uniformity of the film formation, in consideration of productivity and the like may be appropriately set within a range of 0.05 W / cm 2 or more 10.0 W / cm 2 or less per unit area of the target.
- ⁇ Production method In the method for producing a copper foil with a glass carrier according to the second aspect, after various layers are formed on the glass carrier to obtain a temporary copper foil with a glass carrier, By heating in a predetermined pattern, a copper foil with a glass carrier having a peelable region R and a non-peelable region U is produced. That is, the manufacturing method of the glass carrier-attached copper foil 10 according to the second aspect includes (B-1) preparing a glass carrier, and (B-2) sequentially forming various layers on the glass carrier to form a temporary glass. Including obtaining a copper foil with a carrier and (B-3) heating the temporary copper foil with a glass carrier in a predetermined pattern. The specific procedure for each step is as follows.
- the glass carrier 12 is prepared.
- a preferred embodiment of the glass carrier 12 is as described in the production method (step A-1) according to the first embodiment.
- (B-2) Formation of various layers on glass carrier
- An intermediate layer 14, a release layer 16, a functional layer 17, and a copper layer 18 are formed in this order on the glass carrier 12, if desired, over the entire region.
- a temporary glass carrier-attached copper foil having the release layer 16 and the copper layer 18 is obtained.
- the intermediate layer 14 and / or the functional layer 17 may exist over the entire region of the temporary glass carrier-attached copper foil.
- the intermediate layer 14 (if present), release layer 16, functional layer 17 (if present), and various layers of the copper layer 18 are formed from the physical vapor phase from the viewpoint of being easily adapted to fine pitch by ultrathinning. It is preferably carried out by the deposition (PVD) method.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- a preferred embodiment of film formation by physical vapor deposition (PVD) is as described in the manufacturing method (step A-3) according to the first embodiment.
- the heating temperature and the heating time for forcibly causing metal diffusion in the various layers to form the alloy layer 19 are set. What is necessary is just to set suitably. Heating is preferably performed by laser irradiation. By doing so, the non-peelable region U can be selectively and efficiently formed in a desired pattern.
- Example 1 As shown in FIG. 1, an intermediate layer 14 (Ti-containing layer and Cu-containing layer), a carbon layer as a release layer 16, a functional layer 17, and a copper layer 18 are formed in this order on a glass carrier 12.
- the specific procedure is as follows. Note that the maximum height Rz mentioned in the following examples is a value measured with a non-contact surface shape measuring instrument (New View 5032 manufactured by Zygo Corporation) in accordance with JIS B 0601-2001.
- glass carrier A glass sheet (material: soda lime glass, manufactured by Central Glass Co., Ltd.) having a flat surface with a maximum height Rz of 2.7 nm and a thickness of 1.1 mm was prepared.
- Ti-containing layer A titanium layer as a Ti-containing layer was formed on the surface of the glass carrier 12 by sputtering under the following apparatus and conditions so that the thickness in a region not hidden by the frame 20 was 100 nm.
- -Equipment Single-wafer magnetron sputtering equipment (Canon Tokki Co., Ltd., MLS464)
- -Target 8 inch (203.2 mm) diameter Ti target (purity 99.999%)
- -Ultimate vacuum less than 1 x 10-4
- the copper layer 18 is formed by sputtering under the following apparatus and conditions so that the thickness in the region not hidden by the frame 20 is 300 nm.
- a copper foil 10 with a carrier was obtained.
- the copper foil 10 with the glass carrier was processed, and a peelable region R (region that was not hidden by the frame 20) and a non-peelable region U (hidden by the frame 20) as shown in FIG.
- the process was performed from the Cu-containing layer portion of the intermediate layer 14 to the functional layer 17 (titanium layer).
- the non-peelable region U was measured in the vicinity of the center of the region hidden by the frame 20 (that is, the position entering the 1.25 mm frame 20 from the end of the frame 20).
- FIG. 13A peelable region R
- FIG. 13B non-peelable region U
- Met the peelable region R has a clear carbon peak, and a region mainly containing carbon exists in the cross-sectional direction, that is, the peel layer 16 actually exists.
- FIG. 13B it was confirmed that the non-peelable region U does not have a clear carbon peak, and there is no region mainly containing carbon, that is, the release layer 16 does not actually exist.
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Abstract
Description
ガラスキャリアと、
前記ガラスキャリア上に設けられる剥離層と、
前記剥離層上に設けられる銅層と、
を備えたガラスキャリア付銅箔であって、前記剥離層は前記ガラスキャリア及び前記銅層を互いに剥離可能とする機能を有するものであり、
前記ガラスキャリア付銅箔が、前記剥離層が存在する複数の剥離可能領域と、前記剥離層が存在しない剥離不能領域とを有し、該剥離不能領域が、前記複数の剥離可能領域を区画するパターン状に設けられる、ガラスキャリア付銅箔が提供される。
ガラスキャリアを用意する工程と、
複数の領域を区画するパターンに構成されたフレームを前記ガラスキャリアの表面から所定の離間距離を空けて浮かせた状態で配置する工程と、
前記フレームを前記状態で配置したまま、前記ガラスキャリア上に前記剥離層及び前記銅層を順に物理気相堆積(PVD)法で成膜して、前記フレームで隠れた領域に前記剥離層の存在しない前記剥離不能領域を形成する一方、前記フレームで隠れない領域に前記剥離層の存在する前記剥離可能領域を形成する工程と、
を含み、前記剥離層の成膜が、前記フレームで隠れた領域への剥離層成分の侵入及び堆積を抑制して当該領域に前記剥離層を形成させないように前記銅層よりも薄く行われる一方、前記銅層の成膜が、前記フレームで隠れた領域への銅の侵入及び堆積を促進して当該領域に前記銅層を形成させるように前記剥離層よりも厚く行われ、かつ、
前記離間距離及び前記フレームの幅が、前記フレームで隠れた領域における前記剥離層の成膜を妨げるが前記銅層の成膜を許容するように設定される、方法が提供される。
ガラスキャリアを用意する工程と、
前記ガラスキャリア上に剥離層及び銅層を順に成膜して、全領域にわたって前記剥離層及び前記銅層が存在する暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔を得る工程と、
前記暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔に対して、複数の領域を区画するパターンに加熱を行って、前記パターンに対応する領域に存在する前記剥離層を選択的に消失又は機能不全とし、それにより前記剥離層の存在しない前記剥離不能領域と前記剥離層が残存する前記剥離可能領域とを形成する工程と、
を含む、方法が提供される。
本発明によるガラスキャリア付銅箔10は、あらゆる方法によって製造されたものであってよいが、以下に好ましい製造方法として、第一の態様による製造方法と第二の態様による製造方法とを示す。
第一の態様によるガラスキャリア付銅箔の製造方法では、所定のフレームをガラスキャリア表面から浮かせた状態で配置したまま各種層を順に成膜することにより、剥離可能領域Rと剥離不能領域Uとを有するガラスキャリア付銅箔を作製する。すなわち、第一の態様によるガラスキャリア付銅箔10の製造方法は、(A-1)ガラスキャリアを用意し、(A-2)所定のパターン状に構成されたフレームをガラスキャリア表面から浮かせた状態で配置し、(A-3)フレームを配置したままガラスキャリア上に各種層を物理気相堆積(PVD)法で成膜することを含む。各工程の具体的な手順は以下のとおりである。
まず、ガラスキャリア12を用意する。ガラスキャリア12の少なくとも一方の表面の最大高さRzは1.0μm未満の平坦面であるのが好ましく、より好ましくは0.001μm以上0.5μm以下、さらに好ましくは0.001μm以上0.1μm以下、さらにより好ましくは0.001μm以上0.08μm以下、特に好ましくは0.001μm以上0.05μm以下、最も好ましくは0.001μm以上0.02μm以下である。一般的にガラス製品は平坦性に優れるものであることから、上記範囲内のRzを満たす平坦面を有する市販のガラスシート、ガラスフィルム及びガラス板をガラスキャリア12として用いればよい。あるいは、上記Rzを満たさないガラスキャリア12表面に公知の手法で研磨加工を施すことで上記範囲内のRzを付与してもよい。ガラスキャリア12の好ましい材質や特性については前述したとおりである。
図6及び7に模式的に示されるように、複数の領域を区画するパターン状に構成されたフレーム20をガラスキャリア12の表面から所定の離間距離を空けて浮かせた状態で配置する。こうすることで、物理気相堆積(PVD)法による成膜が薄く行われる場合には、フレーム20で隠れた領域(図7においてドットで示される領域)における層成分の侵入及び堆積をフレーム20で実質的に防ぐことができる。一方、物理気相堆積(PVD)法による成膜が厚く行われる場合には、浮かせたフレーム20の周縁から層成分が十分に回り込むため、フレーム20で隠れた領域にも層成分が侵入及び堆積する。その結果、単一のフレーム20を所定の位置に配置したままの状態で各種層を順に成膜した場合に、フレーム20で隠れた領域に膜厚が厚い層(例えば中間層14、機能層17又は銅層18)が形成されることを許容しながら、膜厚が薄い層(例えば剥離層16)がこの領域に形成されることを選択的に抑制することが可能となる。したがって、剥離層16を形成する直前にガラスキャリア12の表面にマスキング加工を施し、剥離層16の形成直後にマスキング除去を行う場合と比べて、効率的かつ安価に本発明のガラスキャリア付銅箔10を製造することができる。フレーム20は金属で構成されるのが高い剛性を付与できる点で好ましく、好ましい金属の例としてはステンレス鋼(SUS)、Al、Ni、Cr、Cu、Ti、Mo、W、Ta及びそれらの組合せやこれらの合金が挙げられる。こうすることで、成膜時等においてフレーム20のたわみが抑制され、剥離不能領域Uを所望のパターン状に再現性良く形成することが可能になる。
フレーム20をガラスキャリア12の表面から所定の離間距離を空けて浮かせた状態で配置したまま、ガラスキャリア12上に、所望により中間層14、剥離層16、所望により機能層17、及び銅層18を順に物理気相堆積(PVD)法で成膜してガラスキャリア付銅箔10を得る。このとき、フレーム20で隠れた領域への剥離層16成分の侵入及び堆積を抑制してこの領域に剥離層16を形成させないように、剥離層16の成膜を銅層18よりも薄く行う。一方、フレーム20で隠れた領域への銅層18成分の侵入及び堆積を促進してこの領域に銅層18を形成させるように、銅層18の成膜を剥離層16よりも厚く行う。こうして、フレーム20で隠れた領域に剥離層16の存在しない剥離不能領域Uを形成する一方、フレーム20で隠れない領域に剥離層16の存在する剥離可能領域Rを形成する。中間層14及び/又は機能層17を成膜する場合には、銅層18の場合と同様、これらの成膜を剥離層16よりも厚く行うのが好ましい。物理気相堆積(PVD)法の例としては、スパッタリング法、真空蒸着法、及びイオンプレーティング法が挙げられるが、0.05nmから5000nmまでといった幅広い範囲で膜厚制御できる点、広い幅ないし面積にわたって膜厚均一性を確保できる点等から、最も好ましくはスパッタリング法である。特に、中間層14(存在する場合)、剥離層16、機能層17(存在する場合)及び銅層18の全ての層をスパッタリング法により形成することで、製造効率が格段に高くなる。この点、前述したように、各種層の成膜前にフレーム20をガラスキャリア12から所定の離間距離を空けて浮かせた状態で配置しているため、剥離層16の形成直前及び直後にガラスキャリア12の表面にマスクを設置ないし除去することが不要となる。その結果、真空状態を保ったままの状態で各種層を効率的に成膜することができる。物理気相堆積(PVD)法による成膜は公知の気相成膜装置を用いて公知の条件に従って行えばよく特に限定されない。例えば、スパッタリング法を採用する場合、スパッタリング方式は、マグネトロンスパッタリング、2極スパッタリング法、対向ターゲットスパッタリング法等、公知の種々の方法であってよいが、マグネトロンスパッタリングが、成膜速度が速く生産性が高い点で好ましい。スパッタリングはDC(直流)及びRF(高周波)のいずれの電源で行ってもよい。また、ターゲット形状も広く知られているプレート型ターゲットを使用することができるが、ターゲット使用効率の観点から円筒形ターゲットを用いることが望ましい。以下、中間層14(存在する場合)、剥離層16、機能層17(存在する場合)及び銅層18の各種層の物理気相堆積(PVD)法(好ましくはスパッタリング法)による成膜について説明する。
第二の態様によるガラスキャリア付銅箔の製造方法では、ガラスキャリア上に各種層を成膜して暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔を得た後、この暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔に対して所定のパターン状に加熱を行うことにより、剥離可能領域Rと剥離不能領域Uとを有するガラスキャリア付銅箔を作製する。すなわち、第二の態様によるガラスキャリア付銅箔10の製造方法は、(B-1)ガラスキャリアを用意し、(B-2)ガラスキャリア上に各種層を順に成膜して暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔を得、(B-3)暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔に対して、所定のパターン状に加熱を行うことを含む。各工程の具体的な手順は以下のとおりである。
まず、ガラスキャリア12を用意する。ガラスキャリア12の好ましい態様は第一の態様による製造方法(工程A-1)で述べたとおりである。
ガラスキャリア12上に、所望により中間層14、剥離層16、所望により機能層17、及び銅層18を順に成膜して、全領域にわたって剥離層16及び銅層18が存在する暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔を得る。中間層14及び/又は機能層17を製膜する場合には、暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔の全領域にわたって中間層14及び/又は機能層17が存在してよいのはいうまでもない。中間層14(存在する場合)、剥離層16、機能層17(存在する場合)及び銅層18の各種層の成膜は、極薄化によるファインピッチ化に対応しやすい観点から、物理気相堆積(PVD)法により行われるのが好ましい。物理気相堆積(PVD)法による成膜の好ましい態様は第一の態様による製造方法(工程A-3)で述べたとおりである。
暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔に対して、複数の領域を区画するパターン状に加熱を行い、このパターンに対応する領域に存在する剥離層16を選択的に消失又は機能不全とする。こうして、剥離層16の存在しない剥離不能領域Uと剥離層16が残存する剥離可能領域Rとを形成する。このとき、加熱によって各種層に由来する金属元素が剥離層16を通り抜けて拡散することで、図9に模式的に示されるように、各種層が合金化して合金層19となり、その結果、加熱を行った領域の剥離層16が消失又は機能不全となりうる。したがって、剥離層16の膜厚や他の層を構成する金属元素の種類等に応じて、各種層における金属拡散を強制的に起こさせて合金層19を形成させるような加熱温度及び加熱時間を適宜設定すればよい。加熱はレーザー照射により行われるのが好ましく、こうすることで所望のパターン状に剥離不能領域Uを選択的かつ効率的に形成することができる。
図1に示されるように、ガラスキャリア12上に、中間層14(Ti含有層及びCu含有層)、剥離層16としての炭素層、機能層17、及び銅層18をこの順に成膜して、剥離可能領域Rと剥離不能領域Uとを有するガラスキャリア付銅箔10を作製した。具体的な手順は以下のとおりである。なお、以下の例において言及される最大高さRzはJIS B 0601-2001に準拠して非接触表面形状測定機(Zygo株式会社製NewView5032)で測定された値である。
最大高さRz2.7nmの平坦面を有する200mm×250mmで厚さ1.1mmのガラスシート(材質:ソーダライムガラス、セントラル硝子株式会社製)を用意した。
図10A及びBに模式的に示されるように、支持体22上にガラスキャリア12を設置した。次いで、図11A及びBに模式的に示されるように、格子状のパターンで構成された幅2.5mm及び厚さ0.3mmのステンレス鋼(SUS)製のフレーム20をガラスキャリア12の表面から上方2mmの位置に設置した。このようにして、フレーム20をガラスキャリア12の表面から2mmの離間距離を空けて浮かせた状態で配置したまま、後述する各種層の形成を行った。
ガラスキャリア12表面に、Ti含有層としてのチタン層を、フレーム20で隠れない領域における厚さが100nmとなるように、以下の装置及び条件でスパッタリングにより形成した。
‐ 装置:枚葉式マグネトロンスパッタリング装置(キヤノントッキ株式会社製、MLS464)
‐ ターゲット:直径8インチ(203.2mm)のTiターゲット(純度99.999%)
‐ 到達真空度:1×10-4Pa未満
‐ キャリアガス:Ar(流量:100sccm)
‐ スパッタリング圧:0.35Pa
‐ スパッタリング電力:1000W(3.1W/cm2)
‐ 成膜時温度:40℃
Ti含有層の上に、Cu含有層としての銅層を、フレーム20で隠れない領域における厚さが100nmとなるように、以下の装置及び条件でスパッタリングにより形成した。
‐ 装置:枚葉式DCスパッタリング装置(キヤノントッキ株式会社製、MLS464)
‐ ターゲット:直径8インチ(203.2mm)の銅ターゲット(純度99.98%)
‐ 到達真空度:1×10-4Pa未満
‐ ガス:アルゴンガス(流量:100sccm)
‐ スパッタリング圧:0.35Pa
‐ スパッタリング電力:1000W(6.2W/cm2)
‐ 成膜時温度:40℃
Cu含有層の上に、剥離層16としてのアモルファスカーボン層を、フレーム20で隠れない領域における厚さが6nmとなるように、以下の装置及び条件でスパッタリングにより形成した。
‐ 装置:枚葉式DCスパッタリング装置(キヤノントッキ株式会社製、MLS464)
‐ ターゲット:直径8インチ(203.2mm)の炭素ターゲット(純度99.999%)
‐ 到達真空度:1×10-4Pa未満
‐ キャリアガス:Ar(流量:100sccm)
‐ スパッタリング圧:0.35Pa
‐ スパッタリング電力:250W(0.7W/cm2)
‐ 成膜時温度:40℃
上記(5)で得られたサンプルの表面(剥離層16ないしCu含有層が露出している表面)に、機能層17としてのチタン層を、フレーム20で隠れない領域における厚さが100nmとなるように、以下の装置及び条件でスパッタリングにより形成した。
‐ 装置:枚葉式DCスパッタリング装置(キヤノントッキ株式会社製、MLS464)
‐ ターゲット:直径8インチ(203.2mm)のチタンターゲット(純度99.999%)
‐ キャリアガス:Ar(流量:100sccm)
‐ 到達真空度:1×10-4Pa未満
‐ スパッタリング圧:0.35Pa
‐ スパッタリング電力:1000W(3.1W/cm2)
機能層17の上に、銅層18を、フレーム20で隠れない領域における厚さが300nmとなるように、以下の装置及び条件でスパッタリングにより形成して、ガラスキャリア付銅箔10を得た。
‐ 装置:枚葉式DCスパッタリング装置(キヤノントッキ株式会社製、MLS464)
‐ ターゲット:直径8インチ(203.2mm)の銅ターゲット(純度99.98%)
‐ 到達真空度:1×10-4Pa未満
‐ キャリアガス:Ar(流量:100sccm)
‐ スパッタリング圧:0.35Pa
‐ スパッタリング電力:1000W(3.1W/cm2)
‐ 成膜時温度:40℃
作製されたガラスキャリア付銅箔10について、以下に示されるとおり、各種評価を行った。
ガラスキャリア付銅箔10の銅層18表面に粘着テープ(セロハンテープ)を貼り付け、この粘着テープを剥離した。このとき、粘着テープの剥離に伴う機能層17及び銅層18の剥離の有無を観察した。その結果、フレーム20で隠れていなかった領域では、機能層17及び銅層18の剥離が観察された一方、フレーム20で隠れていた領域では、機能層17及び銅層18の剥離が観察されなかった。このことから、ガラスキャリア付銅箔10において、フレーム20で隠れていなかった領域に剥離可能領域Rが形成され、フレーム20で隠れていた領域に剥離不能領域Uが形成されたことが確認された。
ガラスキャリア付銅箔10の元素分析を以下の測定条件及び解析条件に基づきSTEM-EDSにより行った。
(測定条件)
‐ 装置:走査型透過電子顕微鏡(STEM)(日本電子株式会社製、JEM-ARM200F)
‐ 加速電圧:200kV
‐ 測定面積:100nm×100nm(ラインプロファイル抽出データ)
‐ 測定元素:C、O、Ti及びCu
(解析条件)
データ解析ソフト(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック株式会社製「NSS4.1」)を用いてSTEM-EDSデータの解析を行った。
Claims (19)
- ガラスキャリアと、
前記ガラスキャリア上に設けられる剥離層と、
前記剥離層上に設けられる銅層と、
を備えたガラスキャリア付銅箔であって、前記剥離層は前記ガラスキャリア及び前記銅層を互いに剥離可能とする機能を有するものであり、
前記ガラスキャリア付銅箔が、前記剥離層が存在する複数の剥離可能領域と、前記剥離層が存在しない剥離不能領域とを有し、該剥離不能領域が、前記複数の剥離可能領域を区画するパターン状に設けられる、ガラスキャリア付銅箔。 - 前記ガラスキャリアと前記剥離層との間に、Cu、Ti、Al、Nb、Zr、Cr、W、Ta、Co、Ag、Ni、In、Sn、Zn、Ga及びMoからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属を含む中間層をさらに備えた、請求項1に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 前記剥離層と前記銅層との間に、Ti、Al、Nb、Zr、Cr、W、Ta、Co、Ag、Ni及びMoからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の金属で構成される機能層をさらに備えた、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 前記銅層の厚さが0.05μm以上3.0μm以下であり、かつ、JIS B0601-2001に準拠して測定される前記銅層の最大高さRzが1.0μm未満である、請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか一項に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 前記ガラスキャリアがSiO2を含むガラスである、請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか一項に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 前記剥離不能領域のパターンの幅が1mm以上50mm以下である、請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか一項に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 前記剥離不能領域のパターンが、格子状、柵状又は十字状に設けられる、請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか一項に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 前記剥離不能領域が断続パターンである、請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか一項に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 前記断続パターンの構成単位の形状が、円形、楕円形、多角形及び星型多角形からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項8に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 前記断続パターンの構成単位の面積が100mm2以下である、請求項8又は請求項9に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 前記剥離可能領域及び前記剥離不能領域の合計面積に対する、前記剥離不能領域の面積の比率が0.01以上0.5以下である、請求項1から請求項10までのいずれか一項に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 前記ガラスキャリア付銅箔が複数枚に分割されるように、前記剥離不能領域が前記パターンに従って切断されることが予定されている、請求項1から請求項11までのいずれか一項に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔。
- 請求項1から請求項12までのいずれか一項に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔の製造方法であって、
ガラスキャリアを用意する工程と、
複数の領域を区画するパターン状に構成されたフレームを前記ガラスキャリアの表面から所定の離間距離を空けて浮かせた状態で配置する工程と、
前記フレームを前記状態で配置したまま、前記ガラスキャリア上に前記剥離層及び前記銅層を順に物理気相堆積(PVD)法で成膜して、前記フレームで隠れた領域に前記剥離層の存在しない前記剥離不能領域を形成する一方、前記フレームで隠れない領域に前記剥離層の存在する前記剥離可能領域を形成する工程と、
を含み、前記剥離層の成膜が、前記フレームで隠れた領域への剥離層成分の侵入及び堆積を抑制して当該領域に前記剥離層を形成させないように前記銅層よりも薄く行われる一方、前記銅層の成膜が、前記フレームで隠れた領域への銅の侵入及び堆積を促進して当該領域に前記銅層を形成させるように前記剥離層よりも厚く行われ、かつ、
前記離間距離及び前記フレームの幅が、前記フレームで隠れた領域における前記剥離層の成膜を妨げるが前記銅層の成膜を許容するように設定される、方法。 - 前記フレーム及び/又は前記ガラスキャリアが前記離間距離を調整する機構によって支持されている、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記フレームが、前記ガラスキャリアの表面から離れる方向に向かって前記フレームの幅が増大する逆テーパー状の断面形状を有する、又は前記ガラスキャリアの表面から離れる方向に向かって前記フレームの幅が減少するテーパー状の断面形状を有する、請求項13又は14に記載の方法。
- 前記フレームが金属で構成される、請求項13から請求項15までのいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から請求項12までのいずれか一項に記載のガラスキャリア付銅箔の製造方法であって、
ガラスキャリアを用意する工程と、
前記ガラスキャリア上に剥離層及び銅層を順に成膜して、全領域にわたって前記剥離層及び前記銅層が存在する暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔を得る工程と、
前記暫定的なガラスキャリア付銅箔に対して、複数の領域を区画するパターン状に加熱を行って、前記パターンに対応する領域に存在する前記剥離層を選択的に消失又は機能不全とし、それにより前記剥離層の存在しない前記剥離不能領域と前記剥離層が残存する前記剥離可能領域とを形成する工程と、
を含む、方法。 - 前記加熱がレーザー照射により行われる、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記剥離層及び前記銅層の成膜が物理気相堆積(PVD)法により行われる、請求項17又は請求項18に記載の方法。
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