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WO2019154922A1 - Vitre en verre ou en vitrocéramique arquée et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Vitre en verre ou en vitrocéramique arquée et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019154922A1
WO2019154922A1 PCT/EP2019/053029 EP2019053029W WO2019154922A1 WO 2019154922 A1 WO2019154922 A1 WO 2019154922A1 EP 2019053029 W EP2019053029 W EP 2019053029W WO 2019154922 A1 WO2019154922 A1 WO 2019154922A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glass
pane
ceramic
bending
curvature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2019/053029
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Vollmer
Hubertus Bader
Gregor Arnold
Manuel WALOSCHEK
Thomas Kraus
Friedrich Georg Schröder
Oliver Mühlke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schott AG
Original Assignee
Schott AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schott AG filed Critical Schott AG
Priority to JP2020542803A priority Critical patent/JP7379349B2/ja
Priority to EP19704592.5A priority patent/EP3749619A1/fr
Publication of WO2019154922A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019154922A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
    • C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
    • C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
    • C03B23/0256—Gravity bending accelerated by applying mechanical forces, e.g. inertia, weights or local forces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
    • C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
    • C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
    • C03B23/0258—Gravity bending involving applying local or additional heating, cooling or insulating means

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to glass or glass ceramic discs which are provided with at least one bend or curvature. Such discs are used, for example, as windows for stoves or for household appliances.
  • Green glasses are precursor glasses of glass-ceramics, which in one
  • Ceramization process then be converted into glass ceramic discs.
  • the conversion of precursor glasses into glass ceramics can take place in parallel to the forming process or after forming in a separate process step.
  • a conversion parallel to the forming is used in gravity lowering.
  • Conversion are brought to a temperature at which the glasses are also sufficiently soft for a transformation. If a bending machine is used, the bending step precedes the ceramization as a separate process step.
  • the forming process of gravity lowering is generally and for large
  • the starting glass transforms very quickly into glass ceramic at the forming temperatures and then changes from a very soft state very quickly into a very solid state, it is no longer deformable from a certain high viscosity. For this reason, only a very limited temperature / time range is available for gravity lowering glass ceramic green glass.
  • the limitation of the achievable viscosity is generally accompanied by a limitation of the achievable bending radii. In general, it can be said that with this method, with glass thicknesses of 4mm-5mm without additional external forces, radii smaller than 200 mm are difficult to achieve. If smaller radii are to be produced with this method, the deformations must be supported by external forces.
  • JP 411 1408 B2 describes in particular a gas burner operated
  • the forming comprises the three steps of preheating in a chamber or tunnel kiln, local heating by means of two gas burners from both sides of the glass surface and finally one
  • the green glass is preheated in an oven and then heated by a local heating by gas burner from one side in an oven to the extent that it can be transformed.
  • This method has some disadvantages; it will be expensive forms It is slow, because only one bent part in the oven is reheated, reshaped and relaxed.
  • the one-sided heating with gas burners is disadvantageous. It has been found that both the energy density required to achieve reshaping prior to the ceramization and the short heating time necessary with one-sided heating by means of gas burners are difficult to achieve.
  • two burner strips can be used on both sides of the glass sheet for angularly deformed products by a method as described in JP41 11408 B2.
  • this process of bending glass ceramics by means of gas burners, including the required pre- and post-Temperöfen is descriptive.
  • WO 2013/184893 A1 describes a method for bending thin glass panes for the production of housings for electronic devices.
  • the glass sheet is heated together with a bending device and then heated in a strip on until softening.
  • An arm is applied to the glass, to which a force is exerted.
  • the glass sheet is thus bent by the applied force on the softened strip.
  • bent glass surfaces Another general problem with producing bent glass surfaces is that the force exerted during forming generally leads to undesirable surface unevenness. These can be clearly visible because they have a refractive power on the glass surface, which leads to optical distortion when viewed.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to achieve a low-distortion view through a reshaped glass or glass-ceramic disc. Also, a high dimensional accuracy is synonymous with large
  • the invention provides a glass or glass ceramic pane for a variety of uses, in particular as a viewing window for a stove, wherein the glass or glass ceramic pane has at least one simply curved, or uniaxially bent portion, to which join two flat surfaces, which due to the connection over the bent portion to each other at an angle of at most 150 °, preferably at most 120 °, more preferably at most 100 ° include, wherein in the bent portion variations in the curvature along the surface in the azimuthal direction of the bent portion, or in the direction perpendicular to Curvature axis, ie in the direction along a path from a flat surface over the curved portion to the other flat surface in a length range of a length corresponding to the thickness of the glass or glass-ceramic disc to a quarter of the arc length of the bent portion has an amplitude of maximum 0.005 mm- 1 . Fluctuations in the curvature in this length range and above said
  • Limit value of 0.005 mm- 1 prove to be visually particularly conspicuous with respect to a distortion of the transparency, as well as the reflection under flat viewing angles.
  • the arc length is greater, preferably at least twice, more preferably at least four times as large as the thickness of the glass or glass ceramic disc.
  • a glass ceramic is understood within the meaning of this disclosure, a glassy material containing crystalline components.
  • the term "glassy” refers to the constituents of inorganic glasses. The glassy material accordingly corresponds in its composition to an inorganic glass.
  • the fluctuations of a maximum of 0.005 mm- 1 in a length range of 2 to 30 mm are suppressed. Above a quarter of the
  • Arc length of the bent portion and / or above 30 millimeters can be
  • Deviations of the curvature from the desired course are regarded as long-wave distortions whose refractive power and thus their influence on the transparency is only slight.
  • the method is particularly suitable for glass or glass ceramic discs having a thickness of at least 2 millimeters. This among other things with regard to the above-described method of gravity lowering and the associated disadvantages,
  • Glass-ceramic disc is given by:
  • f denotes the course of the measuring path, or the function which describes the course of the measuring path.
  • the first derivative f and the second derivative f " are local derivatives of the course of this measurement segment .
  • the sections of the integral disc are considered, which have only very small curvature values.
  • the curvature of the bent portion at its transitions to the flat surfaces to a value less than 0.0025 mm- 1 drops. This is advantageous since even slight curvature values, for example due to larger-area deformations, are clearly noticeable on the flat parts of the pane. Although there is no appreciable distortion due to a refraction of such a deformation more, however, the deformations can distort light reflections on the disc and become visible in this way.
  • Such a glass or glass-ceramic pane can be produced by a method according to the invention, in which generally the heating and subsequently the shaping are not carried out simultaneously over the entire forming area. Rather, the heating and deformation is continuously passed through in time sequence along the radian measure.
  • the method for forming a glass sheet and producing a glass or glass-ceramic pane according to the invention provides to provide a glass pane with a thickness of at least 2 millimeters to heat a strip extending from one edge to the opposite edge of the glass pane until it softens to bend the glass sheet then on the heated and softened strip, so that on the heated strip a simple, or uniaxial bent curve is formed and adjacent the strip adjacent flat surfaces are inclined to each other, the strip under broadening of the heated area of the glass pane transverse to the longitudinal direction of which is moved across the glass sheet while increasing the inclination of the flat surfaces to each other and widening the bent portion until the two flat surfaces incline to each other at an angle of at most 150 °, preferably at most 120 °, more preferably at most 100 ° eat.
  • a mean radius of curvature in the range of 15 to 100 millimeters is preferred. These values correspond to mean curvatures in the range of 0.0667 mm -1 to 0.01 mm -1 . These values refer to the side of the glass or glass-ceramic pane on which the curved section is convexly curved.
  • the simply curved, or simply bent portion is bent cylindrically.
  • a cylindrical bend is easy to produce with the method according to the invention and also facilitates the mounting of a frame for holding the disc.
  • the curvature along the curved section is ideally constant, corresponding to the ideally constant one
  • Radius of curvature In order to avoid variations in the curvature along the bent portion, it has proved to be very effective when the bending operation is path-controlled. This means that the bending movement along a given path is independent of the force required for the bending. This is a technique that stands in contrast to a force-controlled bend. If, as described for example in WO 2013/184893 A1, a predetermined force is applied, then the local or total bending angle and also the bending radius at least partly also depends on the viscosity of the glass and thus on its temperature. In contrast, the locally inserted curvature is forcibly given in the course of a predetermined movement. Again, fluctuations in the
  • Glass pane causes no high risk of breakage, although the acting forces are not limited in principle or only by the maximum exerted by the bending device moments.
  • the bending movement is mediated via a bending device and takes place after a predetermined coupling of the bending movement of the bending device and the movement of the heating zone generated by a heating device relative to the glass pane.
  • the heating zone is the area of the surface of the glass pane in which the heating device introduces heat energy. When the heating device is stationary, the width of the heated strip is thus about as wide as the heating zone.
  • the coupling can also take place according to a predetermined sequence as a function of time. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the bending of the glass sheet on the heated and softened strip and the movement of a heating zone over the glass sheet to produce the heated and softened strip are coupled to each other transversely to its longitudinal direction, in particular positively coupled. As mentioned, this coupling can take place after a predetermined movement-time sequence. In addition to the movement of the glass pane, this movement-time sequence can also include the movement of the heating zone via the pane over the glass pane.
  • FIG. 1 is a sketch of a bent glass sheet showing the bending radius of the neutral fiber
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for carrying out the
  • FIG. 7 shows a glass pane inserted into a mold for the ceramization.
  • Fig. 14 is a door of a working aggregate.
  • FIGS. 17 and 18 show speed-time curves of the bending movement and the movement of the fleece zones.
  • the bending of glass by means of line gas burners arranged on both sides of the glass surface is known. Also for the bending of glass ceramic green glass, this method is known and tested. Depending on the flame width, which is typically around 10-20 mm for line burners, the radian measure of the area to be reshaped results. The resulting bending radius can be calculated with reference to the sketch of a formed glass sheet shown in FIG. 1 as follows:
  • R (NF) is the bending radius of the neutral fiber
  • BM is the radian measure of the neutral fiber in the formed area
  • W is the opening angle of the deformed area
  • the energy density is constant over the heating widths, such as a flame or irradiation width, this may approximate the flame width equated with the radian measure.
  • the heating widths such as a flame or irradiation width
  • this may approximate the flame width equated with the radian measure.
  • temperature profile of a burner or a heating jet and the heating power it may, however, due to the
  • the effective heating width is assumed to be the area on the pane in which the power density is greater than 80%.
  • the average area over the heating width, or in the heated strip 8 effective area performance is according to a development of the invention at least 10 W / cm 2 .
  • the effective area performance refers to the heat energy actually deposited in the glass per unit of time.
  • the averaged effective area performance refers to the averaged effective
  • Area performance in a range of 20 W / cm 2 to 1000 W / cm 2 is rather higher than when using a laser, such as a CO2 laser.
  • powers in the stated range of 20 W / cm 2 to 1000 W / cm 2 are provided.
  • the area output is higher due to power losses and blurred area of flames, the effective
  • the effective heating power may be further selected depending on the glass thickness, the bend line length, or the width of the bent portion, the width of the heating strip and the power of the heating source, such as the laser power.
  • Fig. 2 shows an arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention in a schematic view.
  • the glass sheet 1 is fixed at one end by means of a holding device 17.
  • a preferred embodiment of a holding device 17 comprises a vacuum table, to which the glass pane is firmly sucked with one of its sides 9, 10.
  • the glass sheet 1 is placed with its side 10 on the holding device 17 and held.
  • a strip-shaped section extending from an edge 12 of the glass pane 1 to the opposite edge 13, or a strip 8 in the region of the heating zones 190, 200, to which the
  • Heating 19, 20 bring heating energy, heated until it softens.
  • two opposing heaters 19, 20 are provided, so that the strip 8 on both sides 9, 10 of the glass sheet 1 can be heated quickly.
  • the glass pane 1 is then bent on the heated and softened strip 8 by moving the glass pane 1 with a bending device 21 with respect to the section held by the holding device 17.
  • the bending device 21 comprises two grippers 22. In this way, the heated strip 8 is formed into a single or uniaxial curved one
  • the adjacent to the strip 8 flat surfaces 5, 7 are thereby inclined to each other.
  • the bending device 21 may comprise at least one robot arm according to a preferred embodiment.
  • the robot arm then also includes the gripper 22 shown in FIG. 2 without limitation to the example shown represents the
  • Bending device 21 preferably a non-positive connection to the glass ago, in order to perform a bending movement of the write in a predetermined way.
  • grippers 22 or corresponding devices can be used for the non-positive connection.
  • Heating devices, or registered in the heating zones 190, 200 heat output can also be chosen differently. This can be advantageous to control the bending behavior. So it may be convenient to choose the heating power on the side, which is bent convex, higher than the heating power of the opposite side, which is bent concavely.
  • the heating devices 19, 20 start at the beginning of the intended forming region 16. After a short residence time of 0-5 seconds, a strip 8 is heated sufficiently to be deformable. At the latest then start the
  • the heated strip 8 is moved by moving the heaters 19, 20 along the disc, the total heated area is widened until it occupies at least the forming area 16.
  • the inclination of the flat surfaces 5, 7 to each other is increased by bending one flat surface over the heated and softened strip 8 opposite the other flat surface.
  • the curved section widens accordingly. This is continued until the two flat surfaces 5, 7 form an angle ⁇ of preferably at most 150 °, in particular at most 120 °, particularly preferably at most 100 °.
  • the finished bent glass pane 1 with the angle ⁇ enclosed between the two flat surfaces or sections 5, 7 is shown in FIG. 5. It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the relative movement between the glass pane 1 and the heater (s) 19, 20 arrives. Therefore, it is also possible to hold the heaters 19, 20 and move the glass sheet 1. The process as shown, however, is easier to implement, since in this case the bending movement does not have to be additionally coupled with a translation. It is therefore generally provided in a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention that the glass sheet is held, while the at least one
  • Heating device 19, 20 is guided over the glass sheet 1 during bending.
  • heaters laser can be used as shown. Since the heating and bending according to the invention is carried out sequentially along the deformation region 16 to be deformed, the entire deformation region 16 does not have to be heated simultaneously until the glass softens. Therefore, the required heating power in the inventive method is also relatively lower. This makes the use of a laser as
  • Heating device particularly suitable.
  • the laser beam can be guided over the glass, for example, by means of a galvano scanner.
  • the laser beam preferably deposits an effective area performance of at least 10 W / cm 2 , more preferably in a range of 20 W / cm 2 to 1000 W / cm 2 .
  • a suitable burner can have for stripe-shaped heating of the glass a row of adjacent burner nozzles or else a slot nozzle.
  • Glass sheet 1 at this point over the entire thickness sufficient for the deformation low viscosity.
  • the deformability is determined by the lowest temperature on the glass thickness in the glass center.
  • FIG. 6 shows diagrams (a) to (f) from a simulation.
  • the simulation was created on the assumption that gas burners are used for heating.
  • the diagrams show a time sequence of the glass transition temperatures at the top (curve 30), the bottom (curve 32) and the glass center (curve 31).
  • the elapsed time is indicated in the diagrams.
  • the simulation starts with a starting time of 10 seconds (diagram (a)).
  • the glass pane 1 is in
  • Moldings 250, 251, 252 be composed.
  • separate moldings may be provided as a support for each of the flat surfaces 5, 7 and the bent portion 3 of the glass sheet.
  • the feature of the present invention is that variations of the curvature along the surface in the azimuthal direction of the bent portion 3 in a length range of a length corresponding to the thickness of the glass or glass-ceramic disc up to a quarter of Arc length of the bent portion 3 have an amplitude of at most 0.005 mm -1 , both for glass panes, and for glass ceramic discs, which were then ceramized.
  • FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 show curves of the curvature of glass ceramic discs 1 over the bent portion 3 of time.
  • the surface of the glass or glass-ceramic disc 1 is scanned with a probe. This measuring distances are traveled, which extend from a flat surface 5 on the curved portion 3 away to the other flat surface 7.
  • three such measuring sections 35, 36, 37 are located. Two of the measuring sections 35 and 37 run parallel and in the vicinity of the edges of the glass or glass-ceramic pane 1, a further measuring section 36 between them in the middle of the glass or glass-ceramic pane 1.
  • FIG. 8 shows the course of the curvature along a measuring section 35
  • FIG. 9 the course along the central measuring section 36
  • FIG. 10 the course along the measuring section 37 at the
  • Each of the diagrams contains two graphs labeled "A” and "B".
  • the graphs labeled "A” in each case represent values of curvature of bent and subsequently ceramized according to the invention
  • the graphs marked "B” are glass ceramic panes according to WO 2010/102858 A1, which were placed in a mold whose moldings were folded at the beginning of the ceramization on softening of the glass, so that as well as in a glass or glass-ceramic pane according to the invention a corresponding shape with two flat surfaces and a bent portion is obtained.
  • the measured glass-ceramic discs were made with a bending radius of the bent portion of 52 mm.
  • the bending radius refers to the center of the disc, or the neutral fiber, as already explained with reference to FIG. 1. All graphs show a more or less stepped profile. It is in the
  • the flat surfaces 5, 7 have no significant curvature values. As can be seen with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10, the curvature in the flat surfaces adjacent to the transitions to the bent section 3 is consistently less than 0.0025 mm -1 .
  • curvature values are in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 show two further examples of the course of curvature
  • Glass-ceramic discs according to the invention show in particular that the invention is also suitable for large bending radii of the bent portion 3.
  • the glass-ceramic disk 1 of FIG. 1 1 has a bending radius of 70 mm
  • the disk of the example of FIG. 12 has a bending radius of 95 mm.
  • the fluctuations are even lower than at In the graph of Fig. 1 1, although there is about 330 mm arc length a single significant fluctuation with a short period, but this is not in the
  • One field of application for the invention is the use of the glass or glass-ceramic pane for a door, in particular a door of a stove, or more generally one
  • the door can form a corner of the working unit with an angled disk according to the invention.
  • a material for the disc both glass ceramic, and glass, such as a borosilicate glass in question.
  • the glass or glass-ceramic pane 1 forms a glazing of the door 40, the glazing around an edge 42 of the body 41 of the stove 1 1 passes.
  • the edge 42 is continued by the bent portion 3.
  • Curvature fluctuations of the surface also results in increased strength under certain dynamic loads. These come into effect when closing such a door.
  • the bent section is heavily loaded dynamically. The load arises because, as the door is rotated about one of the edges running parallel to the bent portion, the planar surface adjacent to the edge is guided in a pivoting motion while the other planar surface performs a tangential motion or at least a tangential component motion. When the door arrives, this results in moments of different directions meeting in the bent section. If the door slammed violently, it may cause the glass or glass-ceramic disc 1 in the bent portion to break.
  • an inventively bent glass or glass-ceramic disc has a higher resistance to such loads.
  • the invention therefore also provides a door 40 of a working aggregate, as illustrated by way of example in FIG. 14.
  • the door 40 with a glass or glass-ceramic pane 1 according to the invention comprises a holder 44 for pivotally attaching the door 40 to the appliance (such as that shown in FIG. 14
  • Stove 1 1) such that the glass or glass-ceramic disc 1 when opening and closing the door is pivoted at one of its along the curved portion 3, in particular parallel to this curved portion 3 extending transverse edges 14, 15.
  • hinges 46 can be used, in particular as shown in FIG.
  • the holder 44 comprises in a preferred embodiment, two strips 48, 49 which hold the glass or glass-ceramic disc 1 at its longitudinal edges 12, 13. For reasons of ease of assembly and an attractive, slim design, it is further desirable if the transverse edge 15 of the glass or glass-ceramic pane 1 is exposed on the outside as shown in FIG. 14, or is not supported. Unlike shown in the figure, a strip of the holder 44 may extend along the transverse edge 15, wherein the glass or glass-ceramic disc 1 but then is not attached to this bar, or the door comprises a peripheral frame, wherein the disc but not kept circulating. Especially in the case illustrated in FIG.
  • a door 40 with a glass or glass-ceramic pane 1 according to the invention and a holder 44 for pivotally fixing the door 40 is provided in an embodiment of the invention, with which the glass - Or glass-ceramic disc 1 is pivotally supported, wherein the remote from the pivot axis 50 of the holder 44 transverse edge 15 of the glass or
  • Glass ceramic disc 1 is not supported by the holder 44.
  • Fig. 15 shows in cross-section at the edge with the pivotable holder 44 such an embodiment of a door 40.
  • a peripheral frame 52 is provided as part of the holder 44.
  • the glass or glass-ceramic disc 1 is pressed by means of the here L-shaped strips 48, 49 against a displaced between disc and frame 52 seal 54 and so supported. Since the strips 48, 49 only at the top and bottom Run edges of the glass or glass-ceramic disc 1, here also the remote from the pivot axis 50 of the holder 44 transverse edge 15 of the glass or glass-ceramic disc 1 is not supported by the holder 44.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 15 is purely exemplary.
  • Another arrangement which is also preferred, is to support the disc on the other side of the frame 52 so that the concave-arched side of the bent portion faces the frame 52.
  • the glass or glass-ceramic disc 1 has two curved sections 3, 4 with an intermediate flat surface 6. Unlike shown in Fig. 16, the bent portions 3, 4 may also be bent in opposite directions.
  • a forced movement in bending the glass sheet 1 is performed.
  • the movement sequence is specified without the forces required for deformation being regulated. If, for example, one or both of the heating devices 19, 20 fails in the example shown in FIG. 2 and no softened strip 8 is produced, the course of the bending program could lead to breakage of the pane if the forces exerted are not limited. This risk does not exist with a force-controlled deformation, in which only a predetermined, permissible bending force is exerted. However, the forced movement causes even with slight temperature fluctuations in the heated strip 8 of the predetermined bending angle and bending radius is reached.
  • the bending movement accelerates over more than half of the way that travels a moving part of the glass sheet 1 during bending.
  • the movement of the heating zone, or both heating zones 190, 200 begins before the bending movement and ends in time before the stop of the bending movement.
  • Fig. 17 illustrates in a schematic example these embodiments. Specifically, Fig. 17 shows a speed-time diagram of the bending speed and the speed of the heating zones 190, 200.
  • the curve 60 is the path-time curve of the bending movement
  • the curve 62 the path-time curve of the movement of the heating zones 190, 200.
  • the processing starts first with a heating at fixed heating zones 190, 200 at a time to until the glass is heated in a strip 8 at least on the surface of the top and bottom sufficiently for forming. Since the center of the glass takes longer to reach the forming temperature and the bending movement does not yet start, there does not yet have to be a forming temperature over the entire glass thickness at this time.
  • the movement is then relative to the glass pane 1 and can therefore be achieved both by a movement of the heating devices 19, 20 relative to the glass pane 1, and vice versa by a movement of the glass pane 1 relative to the heating devices 19, 20 done. Time delayed after the beginning of the
  • the bending speed may be the speed of the edge of the glass sheet 1 moved by the bending device or also the angular velocity of the angle between the flat surfaces adjoining the bent portion. In any case, regardless of what speed is measured, the speeds depend on the accelerated motion curve described here. According to a preferred embodiment, the acceleration of the bending movement is such that the
  • Maximum speed is at least a factor of 1, 5 greater than that
  • Average speed during the period in which the glass sheet 1 is bent may vary within an interval of 0.2 to 3 times the average speed.
  • the heaters are started at the time t0 and the glass pane is heated in the fleece zones 190, 200. About 3.5 seconds after the start of the heating process then the heaters 19, 20 are moved, this corresponds to the
  • Time ti in Fig. 17. 8 seconds after the start of the heating, the bending operation begins, corresponding to the time fe in Fig. 17.
  • Heating devices 19, 29 and the start of the bending movement is thus 4.5 seconds.
  • the heaters 19, 20 are stopped after a running time of about 14 seconds and off (time t 3 ).
  • the glass sheet 1 is then further bent for a period of 1 to 2 seconds to the intended end angle until the time t4 of
  • Fig. 18 shows, for clarity, speed-time diagrams corresponding to Fig. 17 but with a smaller bending radius at the same angle (for example 90 °) between the flat surfaces.
  • the speed-time profile for the bending movement is denoted by the reference numeral 61 in this example.
  • the speed-time profile 60 of the example of FIG. 17 is also shown.
  • Section is set, with a reduction in the average radius of curvature, a higher average bending speed is selected.
  • the glass of the glass pane, or its composition is selected so that at least one of the following features is satisfied.
  • the quotient T2.3 / T9 of the temperatures T2.3 and T9 is less than two.
  • T2.3 denotes the temperature in degrees Celsius, at which the viscosity has a value of 10 2 ⁇ 3 dPa-s.
  • T9 denotes the temperature at which the viscosity of the glass is 10 9 dPa ⁇ s.
  • Both sizes indicate glasses that have a steeper drop in viscosity with increasing temperature.
  • This steeper viscosity drop has several advantages in connection with the method described herein.
  • the forming area remains limited with the steeper viscosity curve closer to the heated area. This applies even more to the preferably processed thick glass sheets with at least 2 millimeters thickness.
  • the relatively short uniform area also does not lead to fluctuations in the curvature, since the local deformation and curvature is mainly dictated by the movement of the bending device.
  • the quotients T2.3 / T9 and T2.3 / T8 are parameters of a glass, they can also be assigned to a glass ceramic article produced correspondingly from a glass, since the glass and the glass ceramic produced therefrom have the same composition.
  • the quotient T2.3 / T9 is preferably greater than 1.85. Thus, this quotient in training ranges from 1.85 to 2. The quotient
  • T2.3 / T8 is preferably greater than 1.75. According to yet another embodiment, the quotient thus lies in a range from 1, 75 to 1, 9.
  • Also relevant and a measure of the viscosity curve is the quotient T2.3 / T13 the temperatures T2.3 and T9 at the viscosities 10 2 3 dPa-s, or 10 13 dPa-s. This is according to one embodiment at a value of at most 2.5, in particular in a range of 2.2 to 2.5.
  • the viscosity profile of a glass can also be described by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann model, or described by a curve according to this model. According to this model, the viscosity curve can be determined by the equation
  • the constants of the equation are at least one, preferably all of the following Conditions:
  • A is in the range of -2.95 to -3.45
  • Glasses for the production of glass ceramic disks and thus also the glass ceramics themselves produced according to one embodiment contain the components U2O with 3 to 5 weight percent, preferably 3.6 to 3.9 weight percent, and as nucleating agent of one of the oxides or preferably both oxides T1O2 and ZrO 2. These may be in the composition having a T1O2 content of from 2 to 4 percent by weight, preferably from 2.3 to 3.3 percent by weight, and a ZrO2 content of from 0.8 to 2.2 percent by weight, more preferably 1.2 to 1.8
  • a glass or a glass ceramic produced therefrom is provided with the following components in percent by weight:
  • glass ceramics preferably as T1O2 and / or Zr02 in the abovementioned amounts, preferably as mentioned above.
  • Green glasses with these components can in particular also have the above-stated favorable viscosity properties.
  • the method according to this disclosure is not limited to the processing of glasses, which are limited to the production of glass ceramic, or more generally of vitreous materials, but rather glasses can generally be formed into curved glass sheets.
  • Preferred types of glass are in addition to the above-mentioned LAS glasses
  • Borosilicate glasses and aluminosilicate glasses may according to one embodiment have a composition with the following components in percent by weight:
  • the glass of the glass pane is an alkali aluminosilicate glass. This may in particular a composition with the following
  • Components in weight percent have:
  • holder shown in Fig. 14 is merely exemplary. It would also be conceivable inter alia to provide a holder which has no strips along the longitudinal edges 12, 13, but is designed frameless and only comprises hinges attached to the pane 1.
  • the glass or glass-ceramic pane can also be used in doors or windows that are not intended for hot aggregates.
  • a glass or glass-ceramic pane according to the invention can be used not only as a pane of a wood-burning stove or a baking oven, preferably as a pane of a door of a stove or oven, but also as an inner lining, in particular an inner lining
  • Hot aggregate as a cover, as a cooking table or cooking surface, in particular with an integrated splash guard wall, as an outer lining of chimney or heaters and as Exterior cladding in general, as well as used as a facade element.
  • Yet another application is the inner lining of coating equipment.
  • a shock-to-impact shoring at the corners of the coating chamber can be avoided.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une vitre (1) en verre ou en vitrocéramique, qui sert en particulier de vitre d'observation pour une cheminée, la vitre (1) en vitrocéramique comportant au moins une section arquée (3) simple à laquelle sont reliées deux surfaces planes (5, 7) qui forment entre elles un angle de 150° au plus, de préférence 120° au plus, mieux encore 100° au plus, en raison de la liaison par le biais de la section arquée (3), la vitre (1) en verre ou en vitrocéramique présentant une épaisseur d'au moins 2 millimètres, et des variations de la courbure le long de la surface dans la direction azimutale de la section arquée (3) dans une zone longitudinale dont la longueur correspond à l'épaisseur de la vitre en verre ou en vitrocéramique jusqu'à un quart de la longueur d'arc de la section arquée (3) présentant une amplitude maximale de 0,005 mm−1 dans la section arquée (3).
PCT/EP2019/053029 2018-02-09 2019-02-07 Vitre en verre ou en vitrocéramique arquée et son procédé de fabrication Ceased WO2019154922A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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JP2020542803A JP7379349B2 (ja) 2018-02-09 2019-02-07 曲げられたガラス板またはガラスセラミック板およびその製造方法
EP19704592.5A EP3749619A1 (fr) 2018-02-09 2019-02-07 Vitre en verre ou en vitrocéramique arquée et son procédé de fabrication

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DE102018102932.2 2018-02-09
DE102018102932.2A DE102018102932A1 (de) 2018-02-09 2018-02-09 Gebogene Glas- oder Glaskeramik-Scheibe und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

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WO2019154922A1 true WO2019154922A1 (fr) 2019-08-15

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EP3805167A1 (fr) * 2019-10-08 2021-04-14 Schott AG Composant en vitrocéramique et procédé de fabrication d'un composant en vitrocéramique
CN115178982A (zh) * 2022-08-16 2022-10-14 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 一种船舶及其曲型板的加工方法
US20230012646A1 (en) * 2020-02-06 2023-01-19 Tesla, Inc. Automotive glass structure having feature lines and related methods of manufacture
EP4512784A1 (fr) * 2023-08-25 2025-02-26 Schott Ag Procédé de fabrication de plaques de vitrocéramique incurvées et plaques de vitrocéramique incurvées

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KR102822146B1 (ko) * 2020-10-07 2025-06-20 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 윈도우 성형 장치 및 이를 이용한 윈도우 성형 방법
DE102023122916A1 (de) * 2023-08-25 2025-02-27 Schott Ag Gebogene Glaskeramikscheiben

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DE10039027C1 (de) 2000-08-10 2002-01-17 Schott Glas Verfahren zur Herstellung gebogener Glaskeramikplatten durch Biegen der zu keramisierenden Grünglasplatten und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
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WO2014115432A1 (fr) * 2013-01-22 2014-07-31 日本電気硝子株式会社 Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque repliée de verre cristallisé
JP2017024935A (ja) * 2015-07-21 2017-02-02 日本電気硝子株式会社 ガラス板の曲げ加工方法

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CN103874664A (zh) 2011-10-10 2014-06-18 康宁股份有限公司 再成形薄的玻璃板
DE102013018465A1 (de) 2013-11-05 2015-05-07 Schott Ag Körper aus einem sprödbrüchigen Material und einem metallischen Material sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung eines sprödbrüchigen Materials und eines metallischen Materials
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US2176999A (en) 1937-04-27 1939-10-24 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Process and apparatus for bending glass sheets
FR2726350A1 (fr) 1994-10-14 1996-05-03 Eurokera Plaques pliees en vitroceramique, plaques de cuisson comportant une telle plaque pliee et procede de fabrication d'une plaque pliee en vitroceramique
JP4111408B2 (ja) 1998-05-13 2008-07-02 東ソー・クォーツ株式会社 石英ガラス部材の曲げ加工機
DE10039027C1 (de) 2000-08-10 2002-01-17 Schott Glas Verfahren zur Herstellung gebogener Glaskeramikplatten durch Biegen der zu keramisierenden Grünglasplatten und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE10102576B4 (de) 2001-01-20 2004-07-08 Schott Glas Verfahren zum Herstellen einer gebogenen Ofen- oder Kaminsichtscheibe aus Glaskeramik und zugehörige Keramisierungsform
DE102009012018A1 (de) 2009-03-10 2010-09-16 Schott Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von abgewinkelten Glaskeramikbauteilen
WO2010102858A1 (fr) 2009-03-10 2010-09-16 Schott Ag Procédé de fabrication de composants coudés en vitrocéramique
US8397540B2 (en) * 2011-05-05 2013-03-19 Corning Incorporated Methods and apparatus for reforming a glass sheet
WO2013184893A1 (fr) 2012-06-08 2013-12-12 Corning Incorporated Procédé et appareil de courbure d'une feuille de verre et boîtier de dispositif électronique
WO2014115432A1 (fr) * 2013-01-22 2014-07-31 日本電気硝子株式会社 Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque repliée de verre cristallisé
JP2017024935A (ja) * 2015-07-21 2017-02-02 日本電気硝子株式会社 ガラス板の曲げ加工方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3805167A1 (fr) * 2019-10-08 2021-04-14 Schott AG Composant en vitrocéramique et procédé de fabrication d'un composant en vitrocéramique
JP2021059491A (ja) * 2019-10-08 2021-04-15 ショット アクチエンゲゼルシャフトＳｃｈｏｔｔ ＡＧ ガラスセラミック構成部材およびガラスセラミック構成部材を製造する方法
JP7602344B2 (ja) 2019-10-08 2024-12-18 ショット アクチエンゲゼルシャフト ガラスセラミック構成部材およびガラスセラミック構成部材を製造する方法
US20230012646A1 (en) * 2020-02-06 2023-01-19 Tesla, Inc. Automotive glass structure having feature lines and related methods of manufacture
CN115178982A (zh) * 2022-08-16 2022-10-14 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 一种船舶及其曲型板的加工方法
CN115178982B (zh) * 2022-08-16 2023-07-25 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 一种船舶及其曲型板的加工方法
EP4512784A1 (fr) * 2023-08-25 2025-02-26 Schott Ag Procédé de fabrication de plaques de vitrocéramique incurvées et plaques de vitrocéramique incurvées

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EP3749619A1 (fr) 2020-12-16
DE102018102932A1 (de) 2019-08-14
JP2021512842A (ja) 2021-05-20
JP7379349B2 (ja) 2023-11-14

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