WO2019150895A1 - 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール - Google Patents
電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019150895A1 WO2019150895A1 PCT/JP2019/000366 JP2019000366W WO2019150895A1 WO 2019150895 A1 WO2019150895 A1 WO 2019150895A1 JP 2019000366 W JP2019000366 W JP 2019000366W WO 2019150895 A1 WO2019150895 A1 WO 2019150895A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- fluorinated
- carbonate
- anhydride
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 0 C*1CCCC1 Chemical compound C*1CCCC1 0.000 description 4
- AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(O1)=O)=CC1=O Chemical compound CC(C(O1)=O)=CC1=O AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(C=C1)OC1=O Chemical compound O=C(C=C1)OC1=O FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBZPZJWPSHBGOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C(C=C1C(F)(F)F)OC1=O Chemical compound O=C(C=C1C(F)(F)F)OC1=O YBZPZJWPSHBGOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
- C07C233/01—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C233/02—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals
- C07C233/09—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
- C07C233/01—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C233/12—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by halogen atoms or by nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C233/13—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by halogen atoms or by nitro or nitroso groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/62—Halogen-containing esters
- C07C69/65—Halogen-containing esters of unsaturated acids
- C07C69/653—Acrylic acid esters; Methacrylic acid esters; Haloacrylic acid esters; Halomethacrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carboxylic acids, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof
- C07D295/182—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids
- C07D295/185—Radicals derived from carboxylic acids from aliphatic carboxylic acids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/64—Liquid electrolytes characterised by additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
- H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an electrolytic solution, an electrochemical device, a lithium ion secondary battery, and a module.
- Patent Document 2 describes an electrolytic solution containing a compound such as N, N-dimethylacrylamide.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide an electrolytic solution that can improve high-temperature storage characteristics and cycle characteristics of an electrochemical device, and an electrochemical device including the electrolytic solution.
- the present disclosure also aims to provide novel fluorinated acrylate compounds and fluorinated acrylamide compounds.
- the present disclosure relates to an electrolytic solution including at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulas (1-1) and (1-2).
- Formula (1-1) (Wherein R 101 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms which may be fluorinated, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms which may be fluorinated, or 2 carbon atoms which may be fluorinated.
- R 101 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms which may be fluorinated, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms which may be fluorinated, or 2 carbon atoms which may be fluorinated.
- An alkynyl group having 9 to 9 or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms which may be fluorinated and includes at least one selected from the group consisting of O, Si, S and N in the structure.
- R 102 and R 103 are, independently of each other, H, F, an optionally fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or an optionally fluorinated carbon atom having 2 to 7 carbon atoms.
- the present disclosure also relates to an electrochemical device comprising the electrolyte solution.
- the present disclosure also relates to a lithium ion secondary battery including the electrolyte solution.
- the present disclosure also relates to a module including the electrochemical device or the lithium ion secondary battery.
- R 111 is a fluorinated alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, a fluorinated alkynyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, a non-fluorinated alkynyl group having 5 to 9 carbon atoms, or a fluorinated group. It is also a good aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of O and Si in the structure.
- R 112 and R 113 are each independently (i) F, a non-fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, a fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or fluorinated.
- the high-temperature storage characteristics and cycle characteristics of the electrochemical device can be improved.
- An electrochemical device provided with the above electrolytic solution is excellent in high-temperature storage characteristics and cycle characteristics.
- the novel fluorinated acrylic ester compound and fluorinated acrylamide compound can be provided.
- the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure includes at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulas (1-1) and (1-2) (hereinafter also referred to as compound (1)).
- Formula (1-1) Formula (1-2): Due to the above characteristics, the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure can improve the high-temperature storage characteristics and cycle characteristics of the electrochemical device.
- various additives such as vinylene carbonate and derivatives thereof (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-45545) and halogen atom-substituted cyclic carbonates (International Publication No. 98) are provided for improving the characteristics of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries. / 15024) has been proposed.
- the compound in the electrolyte solution containing these compounds, the compound is reduced and decomposed on the negative electrode surface to form a film, and this film has the effect of suppressing excessive decomposition of the electrolyte solution and improving the charge / discharge cycle.
- the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure can suppress the amount of gas generated during high-temperature storage or charge / discharge cycles, and improve battery characteristics.
- the compound (1) is selected from the group consisting of the compound (1-1) represented by the general formula (1-1) and the compound (1-2) represented by the general formula (1-2) At least one compound.
- the alkyl group as R 101 preferably has 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may be a non-fluorinated alkyl group or a fluorinated alkyl group, and includes at least one selected from the group consisting of O, Si, S and N in the structure. Also good.
- the alkyl group may have a ring structure.
- the ring may be an aromatic ring.
- alkyl group as R 101 examples include a methyl group (—CH 3 ), an ethyl group (—CH 2 CH 3 ), a propyl group (—CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), and an isopropyl group (—CH (CH 3 ) 2.
- a non-fluorinated alkyl group such as a normal butyl group (—CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ); —CF 3 , —CF 2 H, —CFH 2 , —CF 2 CF 3 , —CF 2 CF 2 H, -CF 2 CFH 2, -CH 2 CF 3, -CH 2 CF 2 H, -CH 2 CFH 2, -CF 2 CF 2 CF 3, -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, -CF 2 CF 2 CFH 2, —CH 2 CF 2 CF 3 , —CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CF 2 CFH 2 , —CH 2 CH 2 CF 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CH 2 CFH 2 , -CF (C F 3 ) 2 , —CF (CF 2 H) 2 , —CF (CFH 2 ) 2 , —CH (CF 3 ) 2 , —CF
- the cycloalkyl group which may contain at least 1 sort (s) selected from the group which consists of O, Si, S, and N as shown by a following formula, and the alkyl group which has an aromatic ring are also mentioned.
- the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, —CH 2 CF 3 , —CH 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CFH 2 , —CH 2 CF 2 CF 3 , —CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 H. , —CH 2 CF 2 CFH 2 , —CH 2 Si (CH 3 ) 3 are preferred.
- the alkenyl group as R 101 preferably has 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the alkenyl group may be a non-fluorinated alkenyl group or a fluorinated alkenyl group, and includes at least one selected from the group consisting of O, Si, S and N in the structure. Also good.
- alkenyl group examples include 2-propenyl group (—CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH 2 ), 3-butenyl group (—CH 2 CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH 2 ), and 2-butenyl group (—CH 2 —).
- CH CH—CH 3
- 2-methyl-2-propenyl group —CH 2 —C (CH 3 ) ⁇ CH 2
- 2-pentenyl group —CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH—CH 2 CH 3
- a group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom is preferable, and a 2-propenyl group (—CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH 2 ) or a 2-butenyl group (—CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH) is preferred.
- the alkynyl group as R 101 preferably has 3 to 9 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 4 or 6 to 9 carbon atoms.
- the alkynyl group may be a non-fluorinated alkynyl group or a fluorinated alkynyl group, and includes at least one selected from the group consisting of O, Si, S and N in the structure. Also good.
- alkynyl group as R 101 examples include an ethynyl group (—C ⁇ CH), a 1-propynyl group (—C ⁇ C—CH 3 ), a 2-propynyl group (—CH 2 —C ⁇ CH), and 1-butynyl.
- alkynyl group examples include 2-propynyl group (—CH 2 —C ⁇ CH), 2-butynyl group (—CH 2 —C ⁇ C—CH 3 ), —CH 2 —C ⁇ C—TMS, —CH 2 —C ⁇ C—TBDMS and a group in which at least one hydrogen atom of these groups is substituted with a fluorine atom are preferred, and 2-propynyl group (—CH 2 —C ⁇ CH), —CH 2 -C ⁇ CF, -CH 2 -C ⁇ C-CF 3 , -CH 2 -C ⁇ C-TMS, and -CH 2 -C ⁇ C-TBDMS are more preferable.
- the aryl group as R 101 is a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from an aromatic ring, and preferably contains a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring, and is monocyclic or bicyclic. preferable.
- the aryl group may be a non-fluorinated aryl group or a fluorinated aryl group, and includes at least one selected from the group consisting of O, Si, S and N in the structure. Also good.
- R 101 is preferably an fluorinated alkenyl group or an fluorinated alkynyl group.
- Examples of the compound (1-1) include compounds represented by the following formula.
- the compound (11) represented by the formula is a novel compound.
- the present disclosure also relates to compound (11).
- R 111 is a fluorinated alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, a fluorinated alkynyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, a non-fluorinated alkynyl group having 5 to 9 carbon atoms, or a fluorinated group.
- an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms which may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of O and Si in the structure.
- the fluorinated alkenyl group as R 111 preferably has 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the fluorinated alkenyl group may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of O and Si in the structure.
- Examples of the fluorinated alkenyl group as R 111 include an ethenyl group (—CH ⁇ CH 2 ), a 1-propenyl group (—CH ⁇ CH—CH 3 ), and a 1-methylethenyl group (—C (CH 3 ) ⁇ CH 2.
- fluorinated alkenyl group examples include 2-propenyl group (—CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH 2 ), 2-butenyl group (—CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH—CH 3 ) and 2-pentenyl group (—CH 2).
- 2 -CH ⁇ CH—CH 2 CH 3 ) is preferably a group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom.
- the fluorinated alkynyl group as R 111 preferably has 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the fluorinated alkynyl group may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of O and Si in the structure.
- Examples of the fluorinated alkynyl group as R 111 include an ethynyl group (—C ⁇ CH), a 1-propynyl group (—C ⁇ C—CH 3 ), a 2-propynyl group (—CH 2 —C ⁇ CH), 1 -Butynyl group (—C ⁇ C—CH 2 CH 3 ), 2-butynyl group (—CH 2 —C ⁇ C—CH 3 ), 3-butynyl group (—CH 2 CH 2 —C ⁇ CH), 1- Pentynyl group (—C ⁇ C—CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), 2-pentynyl group (—CH 2 —C ⁇ C—CH 2 CH 3 ), 3-pentynyl group (—CH 2 CH 2 —C ⁇ C— In CH 3 ) and 4-pentynyl group (—CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —C ⁇ CH), examples include a group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom.
- the fluorinated alkynyl group includes, among others, at least one hydrogen atom in a 2-propynyl group (—CH 2 —C ⁇ CH) and a 2-butynyl group (—CH 2 —C ⁇ C—CH 3 ).
- a group substituted with a fluorine atom is preferred, and —CH 2 —C ⁇ CF and —CH 2 —C ⁇ C—CF 3 are more preferred.
- non-fluorinated alkynyl group examples include 2-pentynyl group (—CH 2 —C ⁇ C—CH 2 CH 3 ), 3-pentynyl group (—CH 2 CH 2 —C ⁇ C—CH 3 ), —CH 2 —C ⁇ C-TMS and —CH 2 —C ⁇ C-TBDMS are preferred.
- the aryl group as R 111 is a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from an aromatic ring, preferably contains a 6-membered aromatic hydrocarbon ring, and is monocyclic or bicyclic. preferable.
- the aryl group may be a non-fluorinated aryl group or a fluorinated aryl group, and may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of O and Si in the structure.
- the aryl group examples include a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, an anisyl group, a naphthyl group, and the like, which may or may not have a fluorine atom.
- the phenyl group which may have a fluorine atom is preferable, and the phenyl group which does not have a fluorine atom is more preferable.
- R 111 is preferably the fluorinated alkenyl group or the non-fluorinated alkynyl group.
- Compound (11) has the following general formula (a): (Wherein X 101 is a halogen atom) and the following general formula (b): R 111 -OH (Wherein R 111 is the same as described above) (1-1) to obtain a compound (11) represented by the general formula (11) by reacting with the compound (b) represented by the general formula (11).
- R 111 is the same as described above
- (1-1) to obtain a compound (11) represented by the general formula (11) by reacting with the compound (b) represented by the general formula (11).
- it is not limited to this, although it can manufacture suitably.
- X 101 is a halogen atom.
- the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, and among them, a fluorine atom is preferable.
- step (1-1) 0.5 to 2.0 mol of compound (b) is preferably used relative to 1 mol of compound (a), and 0.7 to 1.3 mol is preferably used. It is more preferable to use 0.9 to 1.1 mol.
- the reaction in the step (1-1) is preferably carried out in the presence of a base.
- a base include amines and inorganic bases.
- the amine include triethylamine, tri (n-propyl) amine, tri (n-butyl) amine, diisopropylethylamine, cyclohexyldimethylamine, pyridine, lutidine, ⁇ -collidine, N, N-dimethylaniline, and N-methyl.
- Piperidine N-methylpyrrolidine, N-methylmorpholine, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene (DBU), 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene, 1 , 4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), proton sponge, and the like.
- the inorganic base include lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, cesium carbonate, cesium bicarbonate, and hydrogen carbonate. Examples thereof include lithium, cesium fluoride, potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride, lithium chloride, and lithium bromide.
- an amine is preferable, and triethylamine and pyridine are more preferable.
- the base is preferably used in an amount of 1.0 to 2.0 mol, more preferably 1.0 to 1.2 mol, per 1 mol of compound (a).
- the reaction of step (1-1) can be carried out with or without a solvent.
- the solvent is preferably an organic solvent, and non-aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, cyclohexane, decahydronaphthalene, n-decane, isododecane, tridecane; benzene, toluene , Xylene, tetralin, veratrol, diethylbenzene, methylnaphthalene, nitrobenzene, o-nitrotoluene, mesitylene, indene, diphenyl sulfide and other aromatic hydrocarbon solvents; acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetophenone, propiophenone, diisobutyl ketone, isophorone Ketone solvents such as: halogen
- the reaction temperature in the step (1-1) is preferably ⁇ 10 to 70 ° C., more preferably 0 to 25 ° C., and still more preferably 0 to 10 ° C.
- the reaction time in the step (1-1) is preferably 0.1 to 72 hours, more preferably 0.1 to 24 hours, and further preferably 0.1 to 12 hours.
- the product may be separated and purified by evaporation of the solvent, distillation, column chromatography, recrystallization or the like.
- R 102 and R 103 are, independently of one another, H, F, an optionally fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and optionally fluorinated.
- R 102 and R 103 may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of O, S and N in the structure.
- the alkyl group as R 102 and R 103 preferably has 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may be a non-fluorinated alkyl group or a fluorinated alkyl group, and may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of O, S and N in the structure. .
- Examples of the alkyl group as R 102 and R 103 include a methyl group (—CH 3 ), an ethyl group (—CH 2 CH 3 ), a propyl group (—CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), an isopropyl group (—CH (CH 3 ) 2 ), normal butyl group (—CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), tertiary butyl group (—C (CH 3 ) 3 ), isopropyl group (—CH (CH 3 ) 2 ), cyclopropyl group ( Non-fluorinated alkyl groups such as —CHCH 2 CH 2 ); —CF 3 , —CF 2 H, —CFH 2 , —CF 2 CF 3 , —CF 2 CF 2 H, —CF 2 CFH 2 , —CH 2 CF 3, -CH 2 CF 2 H, -CH 2 CFH 2, -CF 2 CF 2 CF 3, -CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, -
- the alkenyl group as R 102 and R 103 preferably has 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the alkenyl group may be a non-fluorinated alkenyl group or a fluorinated alkenyl group, and may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of O, S and N in the structure. .
- Examples of the alkenyl group as R 102 and R 103 include an ethenyl group (—CH ⁇ CH 2 ), a 1-propenyl group (—CH ⁇ CH—CH 3 ), and a 1-methylethenyl group (—C (CH 3 ) ⁇ CH.
- the alkenyl group is preferably a 2-propenyl group (—CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH 2 ) or a group in which at least one hydrogen atom in the 2-propenyl group is substituted with a fluorine atom.
- a propenyl group (—CH 2 —CH ⁇ CH 2 ) is more preferred.
- the alkynyl group as R 102 and R 103 preferably has 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the alkynyl group may be a non-fluorinated alkynyl group or a fluorinated alkynyl group, and may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of O, S and N in the structure. .
- the base is composed of a constitutional unit that does not contain Cl, because de-HCl reaction with a base does not occur and is more stable.
- R 2 When R 2 is branched, it comprises at least one of the aforementioned branched minimum structural units, and R 2 is represented by the general formula — (CX a X b ) — (X a is H, F CH 3 or CF 3 ; X b is CH 3 or CF 3, provided that when X b is CF 3 , X a is H or CH 3 .
- the solubility of the electrolyte salt can be further improved.
- Preferred fluorinated alkyl groups (a) include, for example, CF 3 CF 2 —, HCF 2 CF 2 —, H 2 CFCF 2 —, CH 3 CF 2 —, CF 3 CHF—, CH 3 CF 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CF 2- , HCF 2 CF 2 CF 2- , H 2 CFCF 2 CF 2- , CH 3 CF 2 CF 2- ,
- the fluorinated alkyl group (b) having an ether bond is obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen atom of the alkyl group having an ether bond with a fluorine atom.
- the fluorinated alkyl group (b) having an ether bond preferably has 2 to 17 carbon atoms. If the number of carbon atoms is too large, the viscosity of the fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate increases, and the fluorine-containing group increases, so that the solubility of the electrolyte salt decreases due to a decrease in the dielectric constant, and compatibility with other solvents. Decrease may be observed. From this viewpoint, the fluorinated alkyl group (b) having an ether bond preferably has 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably 2 to 7 carbon atoms.
- R 3 includes CH 3 —, CF 3 —, HCF 2 —, and H 2 CF—.
- the fluorine content of the entire fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate is preferably 10% by mass or more, and more preferably 15% by mass or more.
- the upper limit is usually 76% by mass.
- the fluorine content of the fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate is ⁇ (number of fluorine atoms ⁇ 19) / molecular weight of fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate ⁇ ⁇ 100 (%) based on the structural formula of the fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate. It is a calculated value.
- Etc. can also be used.
- fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate in which at least one of X 1 to X 4 is a fluorinated alkyl group (a) and the rest are all —H are:
- fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonates in which at least one of X 1 to X 4 is a fluorinated alkyl group (b) having an ether bond or a fluorinated alkoxy group (c), and the rest are all —H as,
- the fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate is preferably any of the following compounds.
- fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate examples include trans-4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 5- (1,1-difluoroethyl) -4,4-difluoro-1, 3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-methylene-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-ethyl-5-fluoro- 1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-ethyl-5,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-ethyl-4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-ethyl-4,5,5-trifluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4,4-difluoro-5-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4-fluoro-5-methyl
- fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate examples include fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate, trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate (3,3,3-trifluoropropylene carbonate), 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro. More preferred is propyl ethylene carbonate.
- the fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate is a cyclic carbonate having an unsaturated bond and a fluorine atom, and a fluorinated ethylene carbonate derivative substituted with a substituent having an aromatic ring or a carbon-carbon double bond is preferred.
- the said fluorinated cyclic carbonate may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the content of the fluorinated cyclic carbonate is preferably 5 to 90% by volume, more preferably 10 to 60% by volume, and more preferably 15 to More preferably, it is 45 volume%.
- the chain carbonate may be a non-fluorinated chain carbonate or a fluorinated chain carbonate.
- non-fluorinated chain carbonate examples include CH 3 OCOOCH 3 (dimethyl carbonate: DMC), CH 3 CH 2 OCOOCH 2 CH 3 (diethyl carbonate: DEC), CH 3 CH 2 OCOOCH 3 (ethyl methyl carbonate: EMC).
- the said non-fluorinated chain carbonate may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and ratios.
- the content of the non-fluorinated chain carbonate is preferably 10 to 90% by volume, more preferably 40 to 85% by volume with respect to the solvent. It is preferably 50 to 80% by volume.
- the fluorinated chain carbonate is a chain carbonate having a fluorine atom.
- a solvent containing a fluorinated chain carbonate can be suitably used even under a high voltage.
- Rf 2 OCOOR 7 (B) (Wherein Rf 2 is a fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and R 7 is an alkyl group optionally containing a fluorine atom having 1 to 7 carbon atoms). Can be mentioned.
- Rf 2 is a fluorinated alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms
- R 7 is an alkyl group that may contain a fluorine atom having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- the fluorinated alkyl group is obtained by substituting at least one hydrogen atom of the alkyl group with a fluorine atom.
- Rf 2 and R 7 preferably have 1 to 7 carbon atoms and more preferably 1 to 2 in terms of low viscosity. If the carbon number is too large, the low-temperature characteristics may be lowered or the solubility of the electrolyte salt may be lowered. If the carbon number is too small, the solubility of the electrolyte salt is lowered, the discharge efficiency is lowered, and further, An increase in viscosity may be observed.
- fluorinated alkyl group having 1 carbon atom examples include CFH 2 —, CF 2 H—, and CF 3 —.
- CFH 2 — or CF 3 — is preferable in terms of high temperature storage characteristics.
- Examples of the fluorinated alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms include the following general formula (d-1): R 1 -R 2- (d-1) (Wherein R 1 is an alkyl group having 1 or more carbon atoms which may have a fluorine atom; R 2 is an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a fluorine atom; provided that R 1 and A fluorinated alkyl group represented by (at least one of R 2 has a fluorine atom) can be preferably exemplified from the viewpoint of good solubility of the electrolyte salt. R 1 and R 2 may further have other atoms other than the carbon atom, the hydrogen atom, and the fluorine atom.
- R 1 is an alkyl group having 1 or more carbon atoms which may have a fluorine atom.
- R 1 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of R 1 is more preferably 1 to 3.
- R 1 specifically, as a linear or branched alkyl group, CH 3 —, CF 3 —, CH 3 CH 2 —, CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 —, CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2- ,
- R 1 is a linear alkyl group having a fluorine atom, CF 3 —, CF 3 CH 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 —, CF 3 CH 2 CH 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 — CF 3 CF 2 CF 2- , CF 3 CH 2 CF 2- , CF 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2- , CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 CH 2- , CF 3 CH 2 CF 2 CH 2- , CF 3 CH 2 CF 2 CH 2- , CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 CH 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 CH 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 CF 2 —, CF 3 CH 2 CH 2 CF 2 —, CF 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 CH 2 CH 2 —,
- R 1 is a branched alkyl group having a fluorine atom
- Etc. are preferable. However, since the viscosity tends to increase when the branch has CH 3 -or CF 3- , the number is preferably small (one) or zero.
- R 2 is an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a fluorine atom.
- R 2 may be linear or branched.
- An example of the minimum structural unit constituting such a linear or branched alkylene group is shown below.
- R 2 is composed of these alone or in combination.
- the base is composed of a constitutional unit that does not contain Cl, because de-HCl reaction with a base does not occur and is more stable.
- R 2 When R 2 is branched, it comprises at least one of the aforementioned branched minimum structural units, and R 2 is represented by the general formula — (CX a X b ) — (X a is H, F CH 3 or CF 3 ; X b is CH 3 or CF 3, provided that when X b is CF 3 , X a is H or CH 3 .
- the solubility of the electrolyte salt can be further improved.
- examples of the fluorinated alkyl group for Rf 2 and R 7 include CF 3 —, CF 3 CF 2 —, (CF 3 ) 2 CH—, CF 3 CH 2 —, C 2 F 5 CH 2 —, CF 3.
- CF 2 CH 2- , HCF 2 CF 2 CH 2- , CF 3 CFHCF 2 CH 2- , CFH 2- , CF 2 H- are preferred, because of high flame retardancy, good rate characteristics and oxidation resistance CF 3 CH 2 —, CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 —, HCF 2 CF 2 CH 2 —, CFH 2 —, CF 2 H— are more preferred.
- R 7 is an alkyl group containing no fluorine atom, it is an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- R 7 preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms and more preferably 1 to 3 in terms of low viscosity.
- alkyl group not containing a fluorine atom examples include CH 3 —, CH 3 CH 2 —, (CH 3 ) 2 CH—, C 3 H 7 — and the like. Of these, CH 3 — and CH 3 CH 2 — are preferred because of their low viscosity and good rate characteristics.
- the fluorinated chain carbonate preferably has a fluorine content of 15 to 70% by mass.
- the fluorine content is more preferably 20% by mass or more, further preferably 30% by mass or more, particularly preferably 35% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or less, and still more preferably 50% by mass or less.
- the fluorine content is based on the structural formula of the fluorinated chain carbonate. ⁇ (Number of fluorine atoms ⁇ 19) / molecular weight of fluorinated chain carbonate ⁇ ⁇ 100 (%) The value calculated by
- the fluorinated chain carbonate is preferably one of the following compounds from the viewpoint of low viscosity.
- methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate F 3 CH 2 COC ( ⁇ O) OCH 3 .
- the said fluorinated chain carbonate may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the content of the fluorinated chain carbonate is preferably 10 to 90% by volume, more preferably 40 to 85% by volume with respect to the solvent, More preferably, it is 50 to 80% by volume.
- the carboxylic acid ester may be a cyclic carboxylic acid ester or a chain carboxylic acid ester.
- the cyclic carboxylic acid ester may be a non-fluorinated cyclic carboxylic acid ester or a fluorinated cyclic carboxylic acid ester.
- non-fluorinated cyclic carboxylic acid ester examples include non-fluorinated saturated cyclic carboxylic acid esters, and non-fluorinated saturated cyclic carboxylic acid esters having an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms are preferable.
- non-fluorinated saturated cyclic carboxylic acid ester having an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms include ⁇ -propiolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ methyl- ⁇ - Examples include butyrolactone. Of these, ⁇ -butyrolactone and ⁇ -valerolactone are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of improving the degree of dissociation of lithium ions and improving load characteristics.
- the said non-fluorinated saturated cyclic carboxylic acid ester may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the content of the non-fluorinated saturated cyclic carboxylic acid ester is preferably 0 to 90% by volume, preferably 0.001 to 90% by volume with respect to the solvent. %, More preferably 1 to 60% by volume, still more preferably 5 to 40% by volume.
- non-fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester examples include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, butyl propionate, tert-butylpropionate, tert -Butyl butyrate, sec-butyl propionate, sec-butyl butyrate, n-butyl butyrate, methyl pyrophosphate, ethyl pyrophosphate, tert-butyl formate, tert-butyl acetate, sec-butyl formate, sec -Butyl acetate, n-hexyl pivalate, n-propyl formate, n-propyl acetate, n-butyl formate, n-butyl pivalate, n-octyl pivalate, ethyl 2- (dimeth
- butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, and butyl propionate are preferable, and ethyl propionate and propyl propionate are particularly preferable.
- strand-shaped carboxylic acid ester may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester examples include the following general formula: R 31 COOR 32 (Wherein R 31 and R 32 are each independently an alkyl group optionally containing a fluorine atom having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and at least one of R 31 and R 32 contains a fluorine atom).
- R 31 and R 32 are each independently an alkyl group optionally containing a fluorine atom having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and at least one of R 31 and R 32 contains a fluorine atom.
- the fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester shown is preferable from the viewpoint of good compatibility with other solvents and good oxidation resistance.
- Non-fluorinated alkyl groups such as a normal butyl group (—CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ) and a tertiary butyl group (—C (CH 3 ) 3 ); —CF 3 , —CF 2 H, —CFH 2 , —CF 2 CF 3 , —CF 2 CF 2 H, —CF 2 CFH 2 , —CH 2 CF 3 , —CH 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CFH 2 , —CF 2 CF 2 CF 3 , —CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, —CF 2 CF 2 CFH 2 , —CH 2 CF 2 CF 3 , —CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CF 2 CFH 2 , —CH 2 CH 2 CF 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 CF 2 H, CH 2 CH 2 CFH 2, -CF (CF 3) 2, -CF (CF 2 H) 2, -CF 3
- the solvent preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of the cyclic carbonate, the chain carbonate, and the chain carboxylic acid ester, and the cyclic carbonate, the chain carbonate, and the chain carboxylic acid. More preferably, it contains at least one selected from the group consisting of esters.
- the cyclic carbonate is preferably a saturated cyclic carbonate.
- the solvent contains the cyclic carbonate and at least one selected from the group consisting of the chain carbonate and the chain carboxylate ester, the cyclic carbonate, the chain carbonate, and the chain carboxylate ester
- the volume ratio with at least one selected from the group consisting of 5/95 to 95/5 is preferable, 10/90 or more is more preferable, 15/85 or more is further preferable, and 20/80 or more is particularly preferable. 90/10 or less is more preferable, 60/40 or less is further preferable, and 50/50 or less is particularly preferable.
- the solvent preferably also contains at least one selected from the group consisting of the non-fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate, the non-fluorinated chain carbonate, and the non-fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester. More preferably, it contains a fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate and at least one selected from the group consisting of the non-fluorinated chain carbonate and the non-fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester.
- the electrolytic solution containing the solvent having the above composition can be suitably used for an electrochemical device used at a relatively low voltage.
- the solvent includes the non-fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate and at least one selected from the group consisting of the non-fluorinated chain carbonate and the non-fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester
- the non-fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate The total amount of carbonate and at least one selected from the group consisting of the non-fluorinated chain carbonate and the non-fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester is preferably 5 to 100% by volume, and preferably 20 to 100% by volume. More preferably, it is more preferably 30 to 100% by volume.
- the electrolyte solution includes the non-fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate and at least one selected from the group consisting of the non-fluorinated chain carbonate and the non-fluorinated chain carboxylate
- the non-fluorinated saturated The volume ratio between the cyclic carbonate and at least one selected from the group consisting of the non-fluorinated chain carbonate and the non-fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester is preferably 5/95 to 95/5. 90 or more is more preferable, 15/85 or more is further preferable, 20/80 or more is particularly preferable, 90/10 or less is more preferable, 60/40 or less is further preferable, and 50/50 or less is particularly preferable.
- the solvent preferably also contains at least one selected from the group consisting of the fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate, the fluorinated chain carbonate, and the fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester. And at least one selected from the group consisting of the fluorinated chain carbonate and the fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester.
- the electrolytic solution containing the solvent having the above composition can be suitably used not only for an electrochemical device used at a relatively low voltage but also for an electrochemical device used at a relatively high voltage.
- the solvent contains the fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate and at least one selected from the group consisting of the fluorinated chain carbonate and the fluorinated chain carboxylic acid ester, the fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate
- the total content of the fluorinated chain carbonate and at least one selected from the group consisting of the fluorinated chain carboxylic acid esters is preferably 5 to 100% by volume, more preferably 10 to 100% by volume, More preferably, it is contained in an amount of 30 to 100% by volume.
- the volume ratio of the fluorinated chain carbonate and at least one selected from the group consisting of the fluorinated chain carboxylic acid esters is preferably 5/95 to 95/5, more preferably 10/90 or more, and 15 / 85 or more is more preferable, 20/80 or more is particularly preferable, 90/10 or less is more preferable, 60/40 or less is further preferable, and 50/50 or less is particularly preferable.
- an ionic liquid can also be used as the solvent.
- An “ionic liquid” is a liquid composed of ions obtained by combining an organic cation and an anion.
- the organic cation is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include imidazolium ions such as dialkylimidazolium cation and trialkylimidazolium cation; tetraalkylammonium ion; alkylpyridinium ion; dialkylpyrrolidinium ion; and dialkylpiperidinium ion. .
- the anion serving as a counter for these organic cations is not particularly limited.
- the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure may further include a compound (5) represented by the general formula (5).
- a a + is a metal ion, hydrogen ion or onium ion
- a is an integer of 1 to 3
- b is an integer of 1 to 3
- p is b / a
- n203 is an integer of 1 to 4
- n201 is 0 to 8 integer
- n202 is 0 or 1
- Z 201 is a transition metal, III of the periodic table, IV or group V element of.
- X 201 represents O, S, an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a halogenated arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (alkylene group).
- a halogenated alkylene group, an arylene group, and a halogenated arylene group may have a substituent or a hetero atom in the structure.
- n202 is 1 and n203 is 2 to 4, n203 X 201 are Each may be bonded).
- L 201 is a halogen atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a halogenated aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
- the alkylene group, halogenated alkylene group, arylene group, and halogenated arylene group may have a substituent or a hetero atom in the structure.
- n201 is 2 to 8
- each of the n201 L 201 is They may combine to form a ring) or —Z 203 Y 203 .
- Y 201 , Y 202 and Z 203 are each independently O, S, NY 204 , a hydrocarbon group or a fluorinated hydrocarbon group.
- Y 203 and Y 204 are each independently H, F, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a halogen having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Aryl group (an alkyl group, a halogenated alkyl group, an aryl group and a halogenated aryl group may have a substituent or a hetero atom in the structure thereof, and when there are a plurality of Y 203 or Y 204, May combine to form a ring).
- a a + includes lithium ion, sodium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion, calcium ion, barium ion, cesium ion, silver ion, zinc ion, copper ion, cobalt ion, iron ion, nickel ion, manganese ion, titanium ion, Lead ion, chromium ion, vanadium ion, ruthenium ion, yttrium ion, lanthanoid ion, actinoid ion, tetrabutylammonium ion, tetraethylammonium ion, tetramethylammonium ion, triethylmethylammonium ion, triethylammonium ion, pyridinium ion, imidazolium ion , Hydrogen ion, tetraethylphosphonium ion, tetramethylphosphonium
- a a + is preferably a lithium ion, sodium ion, magnesium ion, tetraalkylammonium ion, or hydrogen ion, and particularly preferably a lithium ion.
- the valence a of the cation of A a + is an integer of 1 to 3. If it is larger than 3, the crystal lattice energy becomes large, which causes a problem that it becomes difficult to dissolve in a solvent. Therefore, when solubility is required, 1 is more preferable.
- the valence b of the anion is an integer of 1 to 3, and 1 is particularly preferable.
- the constant p representing the ratio of cation to anion is inevitably determined by the valence ratio b / a of both.
- the ligand part of the general formula (5) will be described.
- bonded with Z201 in General formula (5) is called a ligand.
- X 201 represents O, S, an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a halogenated arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- alkylene groups and arylene groups may have a substituent or a hetero atom in the structure.
- Y 201 , Y 202 and Z 203 each independently represent O, S, NY 204 , a hydrocarbon group or a fluorinated hydrocarbon group.
- Y 201 and Y 202 are preferably O, S, or NY 204 , and more preferably O.
- these ligands constitute a chelate structure with Z 201 . Due to the effect of this chelate, the heat resistance, chemical stability, and hydrolysis resistance of this compound are improved.
- the constant n202 in this ligand is 0 or 1.
- the fluorinated hydrocarbon group is a group in which at least one hydrogen atom of the hydrocarbon group is substituted with a fluorine atom.
- Y 203 and Y 204 are each independently H, F, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. It is a halogenated aryl group, and these alkyl group and aryl group may have a substituent or a hetero atom in the structure, and when a plurality of Y 203 or Y 204 are present, they are bonded to each other. To form a ring.
- the constant n203 related to the number of ligands described above is an integer of 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, and more preferably 2.
- the constant n201 related to the number of ligands described above is an integer of 0 to 8, preferably an integer of 0 to 4, more preferably 0, 2 or 4. Further, n201 is preferably 2 when n203 is 1, and n201 is preferably 0 when n203 is 2.
- the alkyl group, halogenated alkyl group, aryl group, and halogenated aryl group include those having other functional groups such as a branch, a hydroxyl group, and an ether bond.
- Examples of the compound (5) include lithium oxalatoborate salts, which have the following formula: Lithium bis (oxalato) borate (LIBOB) represented by the following formula: Lithium difluorooxalatoborate (LIDFOB) represented by
- dicarboxylic acid complex salt whose complex central element is boron include lithium bis (malonato) borate, lithium difluoro (malonato) borate, lithium bis (methylmalonate) borate, lithium difluoro (methylmalonato) borate, lithium bis ( Examples thereof include dimethylmalonato) borate and lithium difluoro (dimethylmalonato) borate.
- dicarboxylic acid complex salt in which the complex element is phosphorus examples include lithium tris (oxalato) phosphate, lithium tris (malonato) phosphate, lithium difluorobis (malonato) phosphate, lithium tetrafluoro (malonato) phosphate, lithium tris ( Methyl malonate) phosphate, lithium difluorobis (methylmalonate) phosphate, lithium tetrafluoro (methylmalonate) phosphate, lithium tris (dimethylmalonate) phosphate, lithium difluorobis (dimethylmalonate) phosphate, lithium tetrafluoro (dimethylmalonate) phosphate, etc. Can be mentioned.
- dicarboxylic acid complex salt whose complex central element is aluminum examples include LiAl (C 2 O 4 ) 2 and LiAlF 2 (C 2 O 4 ).
- the content of the compound (5) is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, and more preferably 10% by mass with respect to the solvent, because further excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained. % Or less is preferable, and 3% by mass or less is more preferable.
- a lithium salt is preferable.
- Arbitrary things can be used as said lithium salt, Specifically, the following are mentioned.
- Inorganic lithium salts such as LiPO 2 F 2 ; Lithium tungstates such as LiWOF 5 ; HCO 2 Li, CH 3 CO 2 Li, CH 2 FCO 2 Li, CHF 2 CO 2 Li, CF 3 CO 2 Li, CF 3 CH 2 CO 2 Li, CF 3 CF 2 CO 2 Li, CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 Carboxylic acid lithium salts such as CO 2 Li, CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 CO 2 Li; FSO 3 Li, CH 3 SO 3 Li, CH 2 F
- the amount of LiBF 4 , LiPO 2 F 2 , C 2 H 5 OSO 3 Li or FSO 3 Li based on 100% by mass of the entire electrolyte there is no limitation on the amount of LiBF 4 , LiPO 2 F 2 , C 2 H 5 OSO 3 Li or FSO 3 Li based on 100% by mass of the entire electrolyte, and it is optional as long as the effect of the present disclosure is not significantly impaired.
- the amount of the electrolyte of the present disclosure is usually 0.01% by mass or more, preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and usually 30% by mass or less, preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass. % Or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less.
- the concentration of these electrolyte salts in the electrolytic solution is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present disclosure are not impaired.
- the total molar concentration of lithium in the electrolytic solution is preferably 0.3 mol / L or more, more preferably 0.4 mol / L.
- it is 0.5 mol / L or more, Preferably it is 3 mol / L or less, More preferably, it is 2.5 mol / L or less, More preferably, it is 2.0 mol / L or less.
- the anion X ⁇ may be an inorganic anion or an organic anion.
- inorganic anions include AlCl 4 ⁇ , BF 4 ⁇ , PF 6 ⁇ , AsF 6 ⁇ , TaF 6 ⁇ , I ⁇ and SbF 6 ⁇ .
- organic anions include bisoxalatoborate anion, difluorooxalatoborate anion, tetrafluorooxalatophosphate anion, difluorobisoxalatophosphate anion, CF 3 COO ⁇ , CF 3 SO 3 ⁇ , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N ⁇ , (C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 N — and the like.
- BF 4 ⁇ , PF 6 ⁇ , AsF 6 ⁇ and SbF 6 ⁇ are preferred from the viewpoint of good oxidation resistance and ion dissociation properties.
- R 8a and R 9a are the same or different, and both are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; X ⁇ is an anion; n1 is an integer of 0 to 5; n2 is an integer of 0 to 5) Spirocyclic bipyrrolidinium salt represented by the general formula (IIb-2):
- R 10a and R 11a are the same or different, and both are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; X ⁇ is an anion; n3 is an integer of 0 to 5; n4 is an integer of 0 to 5) Or a spirocyclic bipyrrolidinium salt represented by the general formula (IIb-3):
- R 12a and R 13a are the same or different, and both are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; X ⁇ is an anion; n5 is an integer of 0 to 5; n6 is an integer of 0 to 5)
- a spiro ring bipyrrolidinium salt represented by the formula is preferred.
- the spiro-ring bipyrrolidinium salt in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms are substituted with a fluorine atom and / or a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of improving oxidation resistance.
- Anion X - of the preferred embodiment are the same as for (IIa). Among them, high dissociative, terms the internal resistance is low under a high voltage, BF 4 -, PF 6 - , (CF 3 SO 2) 2 N- or (C 2 F 5 SO 2) 2 N- is preferable.
- R 14a and R 15a are the same or different, and both are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; X 2 ⁇ is an anion)
- the imidazolium salt shown by can be illustrated preferably.
- the imidazolium salt in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms are substituted with a fluorine atom and / or a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of improving oxidation resistance.
- This imidazolium salt is excellent in terms of low viscosity and good solubility.
- N, N-dialkylpyrrolidinium salt represented by the formula is preferably exemplified. Further, the oxidation resistance of the N, N-dialkylpyrrolidinium salt in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms and / or fluorine-containing alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is improved. It is preferable from the point.
- This N, N-dialkylpyrrolidinium salt is excellent in that it has low viscosity and good solubility.
- ammonium salts (IIa), (IIb) and (IIc) are preferable in terms of good solubility, oxidation resistance and ionic conductivity,
- the concentration is preferably 0.7 mol / liter or more. If it is less than 0.7 mol / liter, not only the low-temperature characteristics are deteriorated, but also the initial internal resistance may be increased.
- the concentration of the electrolyte salt is more preferably 0.9 mol / liter or more.
- the upper limit of the concentration is preferably 2.0 mol / liter or less, more preferably 1.5 mol / liter or less, from the viewpoint of low temperature characteristics.
- the ammonium salt is triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEMABF 4 )
- the concentration is preferably 0.7 to 1.5 mol / liter from the viewpoint of excellent low-temperature characteristics.
- SBPBF 4 spirobipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate
- the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure has the general formula (2): (Wherein X 21 is a group containing at least H or C, n 21 is an integer of 1 to 3, Y 21 and Z 21 are the same or different, and a group containing at least H, C, O or F, n 22 is 0 Or 1, Y 21 and Z 21 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the electrolytic solution contains the compound (2), even when stored at a high temperature, the capacity retention rate is less likely to decrease, and the amount of gas generated is less likely to increase.
- Y 21 includes H-, F-, CH 3- , CH 3 CH 2- , CH 3 CH 2 CH 2- , CF 3- , CF 3 CF 2- , CH 2 FCH 2 -and CF 3 CF 2 CF At least one selected from the group consisting of 2 ⁇ is preferred.
- Z 21 includes H-, F-, CH 3- , CH 3 CH 2- , CH 3 CH 2 CH 2- , CF 3- , CF 3 CF 2- , CH 2 FCH 2 -and CF 3 CF 2 CF At least one selected from the group consisting of 2 ⁇ is preferred.
- Y 21 and Z 21 may be bonded to each other to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring that may include an unsaturated bond and may have aromaticity.
- the ring has preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- analogue refers to an acid anhydride obtained by substituting a part of the structure of the illustrated acid anhydride with another structure without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.
- Examples include those having different sites for binding to anhydrides.
- acid anhydrides forming a 5-membered ring structure include succinic anhydride, methyl succinic anhydride (4-methyl succinic anhydride), dimethyl succinic anhydride (4,4-dimethyl succinic anhydride).
- acid anhydrides forming a 6-membered ring structure include cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid anhydride (cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, etc.), 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, Examples thereof include glutaric anhydride, glutaconic anhydride, 2-phenylglutaric anhydride, and analogs thereof.
- acid anhydrides forming other cyclic structures include 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, pyromellitic acid anhydride, diglycolic acid anhydride Etc., and their analogs.
- acid anhydrides that form a cyclic structure and are substituted with a halogen atom include monofluorosuccinic anhydrides (such as 4-fluorosuccinic anhydride), 4,4-difluorosuccinic anhydrides, 4 , 5-Difluorosuccinic anhydride, 4,4,5-trifluorosuccinic anhydride, trifluoromethyl succinic anhydride, tetrafluorosuccinic anhydride (4,4,5,5-tetrafluorosuccinic anhydride ), 4-fluoromaleic anhydride, 4,5-difluoromaleic anhydride, trifluoromethylmaleic anhydride, 5-fluoroitaconic anhydride, 5,5-difluoroitaconic anhydride, and the like And the like.
- monofluorosuccinic anhydrides such as 4-fluorosuccinic anhydride
- 4,4-difluorosuccinic anhydrides 4 , 5-D
- Examples of the compound (2) include glutaric anhydride, citraconic anhydride, glutaconic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, diglycolic anhydride, cyclohexanedicarboxylic anhydride, cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 4-cyclohexene- 1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride, 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, phenylsuccinic acid anhydride, 2-phenylglutaric acid anhydride, Maleic anhydride, methyl maleic anhydride, trifluoromethyl maleic anhydride, phenyl maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, methyl succinic anhydride, dimethyl succinic anhydride, trifluoromethyl succinic anhydride, monofluoro succinic acid Acid anhydride, tetrafluorosuccinic
- maleic anhydride Methyl maleic anhydride, trifluoromethyl maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, methyl succinic anhydride, trifluoromethyl succinic anhydride, and tetrafluoro succinic anhydride are more preferable, and maleic anhydride and succinic anhydride are further included. preferable.
- the compound (3) is preferably any one of the following compounds.
- the compound ( 2) is preferably included.
- the content of the compound (2) is more preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, further preferably 0.1 to 3% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 1.0% by mass.
- the electrolytic solution contains both of the compounds (3) and (4), even when stored at a high temperature, the capacity retention rate is more unlikely to decrease, and the amount of gas generated is less likely to increase.
- it contains 0.08 to 2.50 mass% of the compound (3) and 0.02 to 1.50 mass% of the compound (4), and 0.80 to 2.50 mass% with respect to the electrolytic solution. More preferably, it contains the compound (3) by mass% and the compound (4) by 0.08 to 1.50 mass%.
- R a and R b each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a cyano group (CN), a halogen atom, an alkyl group, or at least a part of the alkyl group as a halogen atom.
- a substituted group As a halogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom are mentioned, for example. Of these, a fluorine atom is preferred.
- the alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- R a and R b are an alkyl group or a group in which at least a part of hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group is substituted with a halogen atom
- R a and R b are bonded to each other to form a ring structure (for example, a cyclohexane ring) ) May be formed.
- R a and R b are preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- dinitrile and tricarbonitrile are preferable.
- dinitriles include malononitrile, succinonitrile, glutaronitrile, adiponitrile, pimonitrile, suberonitrile, azeronitrile, sebacononitrile, undecandinitrile, dodecandinitrile, methylmalononitrile, ethylmalononitrile, isopropylmalononitrile, tert-butyl.
- nitrile compound represented by the general formula (1b) examples include acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, isobutyronitrile, valeronitrile, isovaleronitrile, lauronitrile, 3-methoxypropionitrile, 2-methylbutyro Nitrile, trimethylacetonitrile, hexanenitrile, cyclopentanecarbonitrile, cyclohexanecarbonitrile, fluoroacetonitrile, difluoroacetonitrile, trifluoroacetonitrile, 2-fluoropropionitrile, 3-fluoropropionitrile, 2,2-difluoropropionitrile, 2,3-difluoropropionitrile, 3,3-difluoropropionitrile, 2,2,3-trifluoropropionitrile, 3,3,3-trifluoropropionitrile, 3 3'-oxy dipropionate nitrile, 3,3' thiodipropionitrile,
- Examples of the group containing a cyano group include a group obtained by substituting at least a part of hydrogen atoms of an alkyl group with a cyano group, in addition to a cyano group.
- Examples of the alkyl group in this case include those exemplified for the general formula (1a).
- At least one of R f , R g , R h and R i is a group containing a cyano group.
- at least two of R f , R g , R h and R i are groups containing a cyano group, and more preferably R h and R i are groups containing a cyano group.
- R f and R g are preferably hydrogen atoms.
- l is an integer of 1 to 3.
- l R f s may all be the same or at least partially different.
- R g is preferably an integer of 1 to 2.
- Examples of the nitrile compound represented by the general formula (1c) include 3-hexenedinitrile, mucononitrile, maleonitrile, fumaronitrile, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, crotononitrile, 3-methylcrotononitrile, 2-methyl-2- Examples include butenenitrile, 2-pentenenitrile, 2-methyl-2-pentenenitrile, 3-methyl-2-pentenenitrile, 2-hexenenitrile, and the like. 3-hexenedinitrile and mucononitrile are preferable, and 3-hexenediene is particularly preferable. Nitriles are preferred.
- the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure may include a compound having an isocyanato group (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “isocyanate”).
- isocyanate is not particularly limited, and any isocyanate can be used. Examples of the isocyanate include monoisocyanates, diisocyanates, and triisocyanates.
- the content of the isocyanate is not particularly limited, and is arbitrary as long as the effect of the present disclosure is not significantly impaired, but is preferably 0.001% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass or less with respect to the electrolytic solution.
- the isocyanate content is not less than this lower limit, a sufficient effect of improving cycle characteristics can be provided to the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. Moreover, the initial resistance increase of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be avoided as it is below this upper limit.
- the content of isocyanate is more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, further preferably 0.1% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.2% by mass or more, and more preferably 0.8% by mass or less, still more preferably. Is 0.7% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.6% by mass or less.
- the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure may include a cyclic sulfonate ester. It does not specifically limit as cyclic sulfonate ester, Arbitrary cyclic sulfonate esters can be used. Examples of cyclic sulfonic acid esters include saturated cyclic sulfonic acid esters, unsaturated cyclic sulfonic acid esters, saturated cyclic disulfonic acid esters, unsaturated cyclic disulfonic acid esters, and the like.
- saturated cyclic sulfonate ester examples include 1,3-propane sultone, 1-fluoro-1,3-propane sultone, 2-fluoro-1,3-propane sultone, and 3-fluoro-1,3-propane sultone.
- unsaturated cyclic sulfonate ester examples include 1-propene-1,3-sultone, 2-propene-1,3-sultone, 1-fluoro-1-propene-1,3-sultone, 2-fluoro- 1-propene-1,3-sultone, 3-fluoro-1-propene-1,3-sultone, 1-fluoro-2-propene-1,3-sultone, 2-fluoro-2-propene-1,3- Sultone, 3-fluoro-2-propene-1,3-sultone, 1-methyl-1-propene-1,3-sultone, 2-methyl-1-propene-1,3-sultone, 3-methyl-1- Propene-1,3-sultone, 1-methyl-2-propene-1,3-sultone, 2-methyl-2-propene-1,3-sultone, 3-methyl-2-propene-1,3-sultone, 1-butene-1, -Sultone, 2-butene-1,4-
- 1,3-propane sultone, 1-fluoro-1,3-propane sultone, 2-fluoro-1,3-propane sultone, 3-fluoro-1,3-propane sultone, 1-propene-1,3- Sultone is more preferably used because it can be easily obtained and can contribute to the formation of a stable film-like structure.
- the content of the cyclic sulfonic acid ester is not particularly limited, and is arbitrary as long as the effect of the present disclosure is not significantly impaired, but is preferably 0.001% by mass or more and 3.0% by mass or less with respect to the electrolytic solution. is there.
- the content of the cyclic sulfonic acid ester is more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, still more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.2% by mass or more, and more preferably 2.5% by mass or less. More preferably, it is 2.0 mass% or less, Most preferably, it is 1.8 mass% or less.
- the polyethylene oxide content is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 mol / kg in the electrolytic solution. When there is too much content of the said polyethylene oxide, there exists a possibility of impairing the characteristic of an electrochemical device.
- the polyethylene oxide content is more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 mol / kg or more.
- fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate examples include the compounds represented by the general formula (A) described above. Among them, fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate, monofluoromethylethylene carbonate, trifluoromethylethylene carbonate, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylethylene carbonate (4- (2,2,3,3,3 3-pentafluoro-propyl)-[1,3] dioxolan-2-one) is preferred.
- a fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- the content of the fluorinated saturated cyclic carbonate is preferably 0.001 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 3% by mass with respect to the electrolytic solution. More preferably, it is mass%.
- the vinylene carbonates include vinylene carbonate, methyl vinylene carbonate, 4,5-dimethyl vinylene carbonate, phenyl vinylene carbonate, 4,5-diphenyl vinylene carbonate, vinyl vinylene carbonate, 4,5-divinyl vinylene carbonate, allyl vinylene carbonate, 4 , 5-diallyl vinylene carbonate, 4-fluoro vinylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-5-methyl vinylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-5-phenyl vinylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-5-vinyl vinylene carbonate, 4-allyl-5-fluoro Vinylene carbonate, ethynyl ethylene carbonate, propargyl ethylene carbonate, methyl vinylene carbonate, dimethyl vinylene carbonate, etc. It is below.
- ethylene carbonates substituted with an aromatic ring or a substituent having a carbon-carbon double bond or carbon-carbon triple bond include vinyl ethylene carbonate, 4,5-divinylethylene carbonate, 4-methyl-5- Vinyl ethylene carbonate, 4-allyl-5-vinyl ethylene carbonate, ethynyl ethylene carbonate, 4,5-diethynyl ethylene carbonate, 4-methyl-5-ethynyl ethylene carbonate, 4-vinyl-5-ethynyl ethylene carbonate, 4-allyl -5-ethynylethylene carbonate, phenylethylene carbonate, 4,5-diphenylethylene carbonate, 4-phenyl-5-vinylethylene carbonate, 4-allyl-5-phenylethylene carbonate, allylethylene carbonate 4,5-diallylethylene carbonate, 4-methyl-5-allylethylene carbonate, 4-methylene-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4,5-dimethylene-1,3-dioxolan-2-one,
- vinylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, and ethynyl ethylene carbonate are particularly preferable because they form a more stable interface protective film
- the molecular weight of the unsaturated cyclic carbonate is not particularly limited, and is arbitrary as long as the effects of the present disclosure are not significantly impaired.
- the molecular weight is preferably 50 or more and 250 or less. If it is this range, it will be easy to ensure the solubility of the unsaturated cyclic carbonate with respect to electrolyte solution, and the effect of this indication will fully be expressed easily.
- the molecular weight of the unsaturated cyclic carbonate is more preferably 80 or more, and more preferably 150 or less.
- the production method of the unsaturated cyclic carbonate is not particularly limited, and can be produced by arbitrarily selecting a known method.
- the unsaturated cyclic carbonate in addition to the non-fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate as described above, a fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate can also be suitably used.
- the fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate is a cyclic carbonate having an unsaturated bond and a fluorine atom.
- the number of fluorine atoms contained in the fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate is not particularly limited as long as it is 1 or more. Among them, the number of fluorine atoms is usually 6 or less, preferably 4 or less, and most preferably 1 or 2 fluorine atoms.
- fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate examples include a fluorinated vinylene carbonate derivative, a fluorinated ethylene carbonate derivative substituted with an aromatic ring or a substituent having a carbon-carbon double bond.
- Fluorinated vinylene carbonate derivatives include 4-fluoro vinylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-5-methyl vinylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-5-phenyl vinylene carbonate, 4-allyl-5-fluoro vinylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-5- And vinyl vinylene carbonate.
- fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate 4-fluorovinylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-5-methylvinylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-5-vinylvinylene carbonate, 4-allyl-5-fluorovinylene carbonate, 4- Fluoro-4-vinylethylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-4-allylethylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-5-vinylethylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-5-allylethylene carbonate, 4,4-difluoro-4-vinylethylene carbonate, 4,4-difluoro-4-allylethylene carbonate, 4,5-difluoro-4-vinylethylene carbonate, 4,5-difluoro-4-allylethylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-4,5-divinylethylene carbonate, -Fluoro-4,5-diallylethylene carbonate, 4,5-difluoro-4,5-divinylethylene carbonate, 4,5-difluoro-4,5-diallylethylene carbonate
- the molecular weight of the fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate is not particularly limited, and is arbitrary as long as the effects of the present disclosure are not significantly impaired.
- the molecular weight is preferably 50 or more and 500 or less. If it is this range, it will be easy to ensure the solubility of the fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate with respect to electrolyte solution.
- the production method of the fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate is not particularly limited, and can be produced by arbitrarily selecting a known method.
- the molecular weight is more preferably 100 or more, and more preferably 200 or less.
- a fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio. Further, the content of the fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate is not particularly limited, and is arbitrary as long as the effects of the present disclosure are not significantly impaired.
- the content of the fluorinated unsaturated cyclic carbonate is usually 100% by mass of the electrolytic solution, preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, and further preferably 0.1% by mass or more. Moreover, it is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 4% by mass or less, and still more preferably 3% by mass or less. Within this range, the electrochemical device using the electrolytic solution is likely to exhibit a sufficient cycle characteristic improvement effect, and the high-temperature storage characteristic is reduced, the amount of gas generated is increased, and the discharge capacity maintenance rate is reduced. It is easy to avoid such a situation.
- the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure may include a compound having a triple bond.
- the type is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having one or more triple bonds in the molecule.
- Specific examples of the compound having a triple bond include the following compounds. 1-pentyne, 2-pentyne, 1-hexyne, 2-hexyne, 3-hexyne, 1-heptin, 2-heptin, 3-heptin, 1-octyne, 2-octyne, 3-octyne, 4-octyne, 1-pentyne Nonin, 2-nonine, 3-nonine, 4-nonine, 1-dodecin, 2-dodecin, 3-dodecin, 4-dodecin, 5-dodecin, phenylacetylene, 1-phenyl-1-propyne, 1-phenyl-2 -Propyne, 1-phenyl-1-butyne, 4-phenyl-1-butyne, 4-
- 2-butyne-1,4-diol dimethyl dicarbonate 2-butyne-1,4-diol diethyl dicarbonate, 2-butyne-1,4-diol di B pills dicarbonate, 2-butyne-1,4-diol dibutyl carbonate, 2-butyne-1,4-diol diphenyl carbonate, dicarbonate such as 2-butyne-1,4-diol and dicyclohexyl carbonate;
- a compound having an alkynyloxy group is preferable because it forms a negative electrode film more stably in the electrolytic solution.
- an overcharge inhibitor can be used in order to effectively suppress rupture / ignition of the battery when an electrochemical device using the electrolytic solution is in an overcharged state or the like.
- the carbon number of each hydrocarbon group of R 61 and R 62 is usually 1 or more, and usually 15 or less, preferably 12 or less, more preferably 10 or less, and still more preferably 9 or less.
- the carbon number of the divalent hydrocarbon group is usually 1 or more, and usually 15 or less, preferably 13 or less, more preferably 10 or less, and still more preferably 8 or less.
- R 61, R 62 has a substituent containing carbon atoms, it is preferred that R 61, including the substituents thereof, R 62 total carbon atoms satisfies the above range.
- anhydride refers to an acid anhydride obtained by substituting a part of the structure of the illustrated acid anhydride with another structure without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.
- acid anhydrides in which R 61 and R 62 are chain alkyl groups include acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, butanoic anhydride, 2-methylpropionic anhydride, 2,2-dimethylpropionic anhydride.
- R 61 and R 62 are cyclic alkyl groups
- acid anhydrides in which R 61 and R 62 are cyclic alkyl groups include cyclopropanecarboxylic acid anhydride, cyclopentanecarboxylic acid anhydride, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid anhydride, and the like, and analogs thereof. .
- acid anhydrides in which R 61 and R 62 are alkenyl groups include acrylic acid anhydride, 2-methylacrylic acid anhydride, 3-methylacrylic acid anhydride, 2,3-dimethylacrylic acid anhydride, 3,3-dimethylacrylic anhydride, 2,3,3-trimethylacrylic anhydride, 2-phenylacrylic anhydride, 3-phenylacrylic anhydride, 2,3-diphenylacrylic anhydride, 3, 3-diphenylacrylic anhydride, 3-butenoic anhydride, 2-methyl-3-butenoic anhydride, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenoic anhydride, 3-methyl-3-tenic anhydride, 2-methyl-3-methyl-3-butenoic anhydride, 2,2-dimethyl-3-methyl-3-butenoic anhydride, 3-pentenoic anhydride, 4-pentenoic anhydride, 2-cyclopentenecarboxylic acid Acid anhydride , 3-cyclopentene carboxylic acid anhydride,
- acid anhydrides in which R 61 and R 62 are alkynyl groups include propionic acid anhydride, 3-phenylpropionic acid anhydride, 2-butyric acid anhydride, 2-pentynic acid anhydride, and 3-butyric acid.
- acid anhydrides in which R 61 and R 62 are aryl groups include benzoic anhydride, 4-methylbenzoic anhydride, 4-ethylbenzoic anhydride, 4-tert-butylbenzoic anhydride, Examples thereof include 2-methylbenzoic anhydride, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoic anhydride, 1-naphthalenecarboxylic anhydride, 2-naphthalenecarboxylic anhydride, and the like.
- Examples of acid anhydrides in which R 61 and R 62 are substituted with halogen atoms include the following examples of acid anhydrides mainly substituted with fluorine atoms. Some or all of these fluorine atoms are Acid anhydrides obtained by substitution with chlorine atoms, bromine atoms, and iodine atoms are also included in the exemplified compounds.
- Examples of acid anhydrides in which R 61 and R 62 are chain alkyl groups substituted with halogen atoms include fluoroacetic anhydride, difluoroacetic anhydride, trifluoroacetic anhydride, 2-fluoropropionic anhydride, 2,2-difluoropropionic anhydride, 2,3-difluoropropionic anhydride, 2,2,3-trifluoropropionic anhydride, 2,3,3-trifluoropropionic anhydride, 2,2, 3,3-tetrapropionic anhydride, 2,3,3,3-tetrapropionic anhydride, 3-fluoropropionic anhydride, 3,3-difluoropropionic anhydride, 3,3,3-trifluoro Examples include propionic acid anhydrides, perfluoropropionic acid anhydrides, and analogs thereof.
- Examples of acid anhydrides in which R 61 and R 62 are alkenyl groups substituted with halogen atoms include 2-fluoroacrylic anhydride, 3-fluoroacrylic anhydride, 2,3-difluoroacrylic anhydride, 3,3-difluoroacrylic anhydride, 2,3,3-trifluoroacrylic anhydride, 2- (trifluoromethyl) acrylic anhydride, 3- (trifluoromethyl) acrylic anhydride, 2,3 -Bis (trifluoromethyl) acrylic anhydride, 2,3,3-tris (trifluoromethyl) acrylic anhydride, 2- (4-fluorophenyl) acrylic anhydride, 3- (4-fluorophenyl) Acrylic anhydride, 2,3-bis (4-fluorophenyl) acrylic anhydride, 3,3-bis (4-fluorophenyl) acrylic anhydride, 2-fluoro 3-butenoic anhydride, 2,2-difluoro-3-butenoic anhydride, 3-fluor
- Examples of acid anhydrides in which R 61 and R 62 have a substituent having a functional group such as ester, nitrile, ketone and ether include methoxyformic anhydride, ethoxyformic anhydride, methyl oxalic anhydride, Ethyl oxalic anhydride, 2-cyanoacetic anhydride, 2-oxopropionic anhydride, 3-oxobutanoic anhydride, 4-acetylbenzoic anhydride, methoxyacetic anhydride, 4-methoxybenzoic anhydride, etc. And analogs thereof.
- R 61 and R 62 include the examples given above and all combinations of analogs thereof. Typical examples are given below.
- Examples of the combination of the chain alkyl group and the cyclic alkyl group include acetic acid cyclopentanoic acid anhydride, acetic acid cyclohexane acid anhydride, cyclopentanoic acid propionic acid anhydride, and the like.
- Examples of combinations of chain alkyl groups and alkynyl groups include propionic acid acetate, acetic acid 2-butynoic acid anhydride, acetic acid 3-butynic acid anhydride, acetic acid 3-phenylpropionic acid anhydride propionic acid propionic acid anhydride , Etc.
- Examples of combinations of cyclic alkyl groups and alkenyl groups include cyclopentanoic anhydride, 3-methylacrylic cyclopentanoic anhydride, 3-butenoic cyclopentanoic anhydride, acrylic cyclohexane anhydride, etc. Is mentioned.
- Examples of the combination of a cyclic alkyl group and an aryl group include benzoic acid cyclopentanoic acid anhydride, 4-methylbenzoic acid cyclopentanoic acid anhydride, benzoic acid cyclohexane acid anhydride, and the like.
- Examples of combinations of cyclic alkyl groups and functional hydrocarbon groups include: cycloacetic acid cyclopentanoic acid anhydride, cyclopentanoic acid trifluoroacetic acid anhydride, cyclopentanoic acid 2-cyanoacetic acid anhydride, cyclopentanoic acid methoxyacetic acid An anhydride, cyclohexane acid acetic acid anhydride, etc. are mentioned.
- alkenyl groups and aryl groups examples include acrylic acid benzoic anhydride, 4-methylbenzoic anhydride, 2-methylacrylic acid benzoic anhydride, and the like.
- alkenyl groups and functional hydrocarbon groups examples include acrylic acid fluoroacetic anhydride, acrylic acid trifluoroacetic acid anhydride, acrylic acid 2-cyanoacetic acid anhydride, acrylic acid methoxyacetic acid anhydride, 2- And methyl acrylic acid fluoroacetic anhydride.
- Examples of the combination of an alkynyl group and an aryl group include propionic anhydride of benzoic acid, propionic anhydride of 4-methylbenzoic acid, 2-butyric anhydride of benzoic acid, and the like.
- alkynyl groups and functional hydrocarbon groups examples include propionic acid fluoroacetic anhydride, propionic acid trifluoroacetic acid anhydride, propionic acid 2-cyanoacetic acid anhydride, propionic acid methoxyacetic acid anhydride, 2- Butyric acid fluoroacetic anhydride and the like.
- Examples of combinations of aryl groups include 4-methylbenzoic anhydride, benzoic acid 1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid anhydride, 4-methylbenzoic acid 1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid anhydride, and the like.
- Examples of combinations of aryl groups and functional hydrocarbon groups include benzoic acid fluoroacetic anhydride, benzoic acid trifluoroacetic acid anhydride, benzoic acid 2-cyanoacetic acid anhydride, benzoic acid methoxyacetic acid anhydride, 4- And methylbenzoic acid fluoroacetic anhydride.
- hydrocarbon groups having functional groups examples include fluoroacetic acid trifluoroacetic anhydride, fluoroacetic acid 2-cyanoacetic acid anhydride, fluoroacetic acid methoxyacetic acid anhydride, trifluoroacetic acid 2-cyanoacetic acid anhydride, etc. Is mentioned.
- These compounds can improve the charge / discharge rate characteristics, input / output characteristics, and impedance characteristics, especially after endurance testing, by properly forming a bond with lithium oxalate salt to form a film with excellent durability. It is preferable from a viewpoint that can be made.
- the content of the carboxylic acid anhydride with respect to the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure is not particularly limited, and may be arbitrary as long as the effect of the present disclosure is not significantly impaired. %, Preferably 0.1% by mass or more, and usually 5% by mass or less, preferably 3% by mass or less. When the content of the carboxylic acid anhydride is within the above range, the effect of improving the cycle characteristics is easily exhibited, and the battery characteristics are easily improved because the reactivity is suitable.
- auxiliaries can be used for the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure.
- Other auxiliaries include pentane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, cycloheptane, benzene, furan, naphthalene, 2-phenylbicyclohexyl, cyclohexane, 2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5.5].
- Hydrocarbon compounds such as undecane, 3,9-divinyl-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5.5] undecane; Fluorobenzene, difluorobenzene, hexafluorobenzene, benzotrifluoride, monofluorobenzene, 1-fluoro-2-cyclohexylbenzene, 1-fluoro-4-tert-butylbenzene, 1-fluoro-3-cyclohexylbenzene, 1-fluoro Fluorinated aromatic compounds such as -2-cyclohexylbenzene and fluorinated biphenyl; Carbonate compounds such as erythritan carbonate, spiro-bis-dimethylene carbonate, methoxyethyl-methyl carbonate; Ether compounds such as dioxolane, dioxane, 2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane, 2,5,8,11,14-pentaoxapentadecane,
- Nitrogen-containing compounds such as 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-2-piperidone, 3-methyl-2-oxazolidinone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone and N-methylsuccinimide, nitromethane, nitroethane, ethylenediamine Compound; Trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, dimethyl methylphosphonate, diethyl ethylphosphonate, dimethyl vinylphosphonate, diethyl vinylphosphonate, diethylphospho Ethyl acetate, methyl dimethylphosphinate, ethyl diethylphosphinate, trimethylphosphine oxide, triethylphosphine oxide, bis (2,2-difluoroethyl) phosphate 2,2,2-trimethylphosphine oxide
- auxiliary agent a phosphorus-containing compound is preferable, and tris (trimethylsilyl) phosphate and phosphorous acid (tristrimethylsilyl) are preferable.
- the amount of the other auxiliary compounded is not particularly limited, and is arbitrary as long as the effects of the present disclosure are not significantly impaired.
- the other auxiliary agent is preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less in 100% by mass of the electrolytic solution. Within this range, the effects of other auxiliaries can be sufficiently exhibited, and it is easy to avoid a situation in which battery characteristics such as high-load discharge characteristics deteriorate.
- the blending amount of other auxiliaries is more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, further preferably 0.2% by mass or more, more preferably 3% by mass or less, still more preferably 1% by mass or less. .
- Examples of the cyclic carboxylic acid ester include those having 3 to 12 total carbon atoms in the structural formula. Specific examples include gamma butyrolactone, gamma valerolactone, gamma caprolactone, epsilon caprolactone, 3-methyl- ⁇ -butyrolactone, and the like. Among these, gamma butyrolactone is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of improving the characteristics of the electrochemical device derived from the improvement of the degree of lithium ion dissociation.
- cyclic carboxylic acid ester a fluorinated cyclic carboxylic acid ester (fluorinated lactone) can also be suitably used.
- fluorine-containing lactone examples include the following formula (C):
- one of A and B is CX 226 X 227 (X 226 and X 227 are the same or different, and all are —H, —F, —Cl, —CF 3 , —CH 3 or a hydrogen atom)
- Rf 12 is a fluorinated alkyl group or a fluorinated group which may have an ether bond
- X 221 and X 222 are the same or different, all are —H, —F, —Cl, —CF 3 or CH 3 ;
- X 223 to X 225 are the same or different and both are —H, —F , —Cl or an alkyl group in which a hydrogen atom may be substituted with a halogen atom and may contain a hetero atom in the chain;
- n 0 or 1
- Examples of the chain carboxylic acid ester include those having 3 to 7 carbon atoms in the structural formula. Specifically, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetate n-propyl, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, t-butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, n-propyl propionate, Isobutyl propionate, n-butyl propionate, methyl butyrate, isobutyl propionate, t-butyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, n-propyl butyrate, isopropyl butyrate, methyl isobutyrate, ethyl isobutyrate, iso Examples thereof include n-propyl butyrate and isopropyl isobutyrate.
- methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, n-propyl propionate, isopropyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, etc. are ions due to viscosity reduction. It is preferable from the viewpoint of improvement of conductivity.
- Rf 4 includes, for example, —CH 2 CF 2 CF 3 , —CF 2 CFHCF 3 , —CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 3 , —CH 2 CF 2 CFHCF 3 , —CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CH 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CF (CF 3 ) CF 2 H, —CF 2 CF 2 H, —CH 2 CF 2 H, —CF 2 CH 3 and the like can be mentioned.
- fluorinated ether (I) having a high boiling point.
- the boiling point of the fluorinated ether (I) is preferably 67 to 120 ° C. More preferably, it is 80 degreeC or more, More preferably, it is 90 degreeC or more.
- Examples of the cyclic ether having 3 to 6 carbon atoms include 1,2-dioxane, 1,3-dioxane, 2-methyl-1,3-dioxane, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxane, 1,4-dioxane, meta Formaldehyde, 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, 1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, 2- (trifluoroethyl) dioxolane 2,2, -bis (trifluoromethyl) -1, Examples thereof include 3-dioxolane and the like and fluorinated compounds thereof.
- Examples of the incombustible (flame retardant) agent include phosphate esters and phosphazene compounds.
- Examples of the phosphate ester include fluorine-containing alkyl phosphate esters, non-fluorinated alkyl phosphate esters, and aryl phosphate esters. Especially, it is preferable that it is a fluorine-containing alkyl phosphate ester at the point which can exhibit a nonflammable effect in a small quantity.
- Examples of the phosphazene compounds include methoxypentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, phenoxypentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, dimethylaminopentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, diethylaminopentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, ethoxypentafluorocyclotriphosphazene, ethoxyheptafluorocyclotetraphosphazene, and the like. Is mentioned.
- Examples of the high dielectric additive include sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, and the like.
- cycle characteristic and rate characteristic improving agent examples include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane and the like.
- electrolytic solution of the present disclosure may be further combined with a polymer material to form a gel (plasticized) gel electrolytic solution.
- the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure may also include an ion conductive compound described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-301934.
- Rf is a fluorine-containing ether group which may have a crosslinkable functional group; groups R 10 couples Rf main chain or a bond
- An ether unit having a fluorine-containing ether group in the side chain represented by FAE is represented by formula (2b):
- a and B are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom and / or an alkyl group which may contain a crosslinkable functional group, a fluorine atom and / or a phenyl group which may contain a crosslinkable functional group, —COOH A group, —OR (wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom and / or an alkyl group which may contain a crosslinkable functional group), an ester group or a carbonate group (provided that when D is terminated with an oxygen atom, a —COOH group; Not OR, ester group and carbonate group)] It
- the sulfolane is preferably sulfolane and / or a sulfolane derivative (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “sulfolane” including sulfolane).
- sulfolane derivative one in which one or more hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atom constituting the sulfolane ring are substituted with a fluorine atom or an alkyl group is preferable.
- chain sulfone dimethyl sulfone, ethyl methyl sulfone, diethyl sulfone, n-propyl methyl sulfone, n-propyl ethyl sulfone, di-n-propyl sulfone, isopropyl methyl sulfone, isopropyl ethyl sulfone, diisopropyl sulfone, n- Butyl methyl sulfone, n-butyl ethyl sulfone, t-butyl methyl sulfone, t-butyl ethyl sulfone, monofluoromethyl methyl sulfone, difluoromethyl methyl sulfone, trifluoromethyl methyl sulfone, monofluoroethyl methyl sulfone, difluoroethyl methyl sulfone
- the content of the sulfone compound is not particularly limited and is arbitrary as long as the effects of the present disclosure are not significantly impaired. However, in 100% by volume of the solvent, usually 0.3% by volume or more, preferably 0.5% by volume or more. More preferably, it is 1% by volume or more, and is usually 40% by volume or less, preferably 35% by volume or less, more preferably 30% by volume or less. If the content of the sulfone compound is within the above range, the effect of improving the durability such as cycle characteristics and storage characteristics can be easily obtained, and the viscosity of the non-aqueous electrolyte solution is set to an appropriate range, and the electric conductivity is lowered. Can be avoided, and the input / output characteristics and charge / discharge rate characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be within an appropriate range.
- the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium fluorophosphates (excluding LiPF 6 ) and lithium salts having an S ⁇ O group as additives from the viewpoint of improving output characteristics. It is also preferable that the compound (7) is included. In addition, when using a compound (7) as an additive, it is preferable to use compounds other than a compound (7) as electrolyte salt mentioned above.
- lithium fluorophosphate examples include lithium monofluorophosphate (LiPO 3 F), lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO 2 F 2 ), and the like.
- lithium salt having an S ⁇ O group examples include lithium monofluorosulfonate (FSO 3 Li), lithium methyl sulfate (CH 3 OSO 3 Li), lithium ethyl sulfate (C 2 H 5 OSO 3 Li), 2, 2 , 2-trifluoroethyl lithium sulfate and the like.
- LiPO 2 F 2 , FSO 3 Li, and C 2 H 5 OSO 3 Li are particularly preferable.
- the content of the compound (7) is preferably 0.001 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 15% by mass, and 0.1 to 10% by mass with respect to the electrolytic solution. More preferred is 0.1 to 7% by mass.
- the electrolyte solution of the present disclosure preferably has a hydrogen fluoride (HF) content of 5 to 200 ppm.
- HF hydrogen fluoride
- the content of HF is more preferably 10 ppm or more, and further preferably 20 ppm or more.
- the content of HF is more preferably 100 ppm or less, still more preferably 80 ppm or less, and particularly preferably 50 ppm or less.
- the content of HF can be measured by a neutralization titration method.
- the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure may be prepared by any method using the components described above.
- Electrochemical devices include lithium ion secondary batteries, lithium ion capacitors, capacitors (hybrid capacitors, electric double layer capacitors), radical batteries, solar cells (especially dye-sensitized solar cells), lithium ion primary batteries, fuel cells, Various electrochemical sensors, electrochromic devices, electrochemical switching devices, aluminum electrolytic capacitors, tantalum electrolytic capacitors, and the like can be given, and lithium ion secondary batteries, lithium ion capacitors, and electric double layer capacitors are preferable.
- a module including the electrochemical device is also one of the present disclosure.
- the positive electrode is composed of a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material and a current collector.
- V, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and the like are preferable as the transition metal of the lithium-containing transition metal composite oxide.
- Specific examples include lithium-cobalt composite oxides such as LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 and the like.
- LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O 2 having a high energy density even when a high voltage is applied, LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 is preferred.
- LiNi 1-c M 2 c O 2 (where 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.5; M 2 is Fe, Co, Mn, Cu, Zn, Al, Sn, Cr, V, Ti, Mg, Ca, Lithium-nickel composite oxide represented by (at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, B, Ga, In, Si and Ge), or Formula: LiCo 1-d M 3 d O 2 (where 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.5; M 3 is Fe, Ni, Mn, Cu, Zn, Al, Sn, Cr, V, Ti, Mg, Ca, Lithium-cobalt composite oxide represented by at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Sr, B, Ga, In, Si, and Ge.
- Examples of the shape of the particles of the positive electrode active material include a lump shape, a polyhedron shape, a sphere shape, an oval sphere shape, a plate shape, a needle shape, and a column shape as conventionally used. Moreover, primary particles may aggregate to form secondary particles.
- the tap density is preferably as large as possible, and there is no particular upper limit, but if it is too large, diffusion of lithium ions using the electrolytic solution in the positive electrode active material layer as a medium is rate-limiting, and load characteristics may be easily reduced.
- the upper limit is preferably 4.0 g / cm 3 or less, more preferably 3.7 g / cm 3 or less, and still more preferably 3.5 g / cm 3 or less.
- the tap density is 5 to 10 g of the positive electrode active material powder in a 10 ml glass measuring cylinder and tapped 200 times with a stroke of about 20 mm, and the powder packing density (tap density) g / cm 3 Asking.
- the median diameter d50 of the positive electrode active material particles is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably. Is 0.8 ⁇ m or more, most preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more, preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 27 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 25 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 22 ⁇ m or less. If the lower limit is not reached, a high tap density product may not be obtained.
- the positive electrode of the battery that is, the active material
- a conductive material, a binder, or the like is slurried with a solvent and applied as a thin film, problems such as streaking may occur.
- the positive electrode active materials having different median diameters d50, it is possible to further improve the filling property at the time of forming the positive electrode.
- the average primary particle diameter of the positive electrode active material is preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, and still more preferably 0.8.
- the upper limit is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 4 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 3 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 2 ⁇ m or less. If the above upper limit is exceeded, it is difficult to form spherical secondary particles, which adversely affects the powder filling property, or the specific surface area is greatly reduced, so that there is a high possibility that battery performance such as output characteristics will deteriorate. is there. On the other hand, when the value falls below the lower limit, there is a case where problems such as inferior reversibility of charge / discharge are usually caused because crystals are not developed.
- the positive electrode active material particles are mainly secondary particles. It is preferable that The particles of the positive electrode active material preferably contain 0.5 to 7.0% by volume of fine particles having an average secondary particle size of 40 ⁇ m or less and an average primary particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less. By containing fine particles having an average primary particle size of 1 ⁇ m or less, the contact area with the electrolytic solution is increased, and the diffusion of lithium ions between the electrode and the electrolytic solution can be further accelerated. Output performance can be improved.
- a general method is used as a manufacturing method of the inorganic compound.
- various methods are conceivable for preparing a spherical or elliptical active material.
- a transition metal source material is dissolved or pulverized and dispersed in a solvent such as water, and the pH is adjusted while stirring.
- a spherical precursor is prepared and recovered, and dried as necessary.
- a Li source such as LiOH, Li 2 CO 3 , LiNO 3 is added, and the active material is obtained by baking at a high temperature. .
- thickener examples include carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, oxidized starch, phosphorylated starch, casein, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and salts thereof. 1 type may be used independently or 2 or more types may be used together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.
- Examples of the shape of the current collector include metal foil, metal cylinder, metal coil, metal plate, metal thin film, expanded metal, punch metal, and foam metal in the case of a metal material.
- a thin film, a carbon cylinder, etc. are mentioned. Of these, metal thin films are preferred.
- the thickness of the thin film is arbitrary, but is usually 1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, and usually 1 mm or less, preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less. If the thin film is thinner than this range, the strength required for the current collector may be insufficient. Conversely, if the thin film is thicker than this range, the handleability may be impaired.
- the area of the positive electrode active material layer is larger than the outer surface area of the battery outer case from the viewpoint of increasing the stability at high output and high temperature.
- the sum of the electrode areas of the positive electrode with respect to the surface area of the exterior of the secondary battery is preferably 15 times or more, more preferably 40 times or more.
- the outer surface area of the battery outer case in the case of a square shape with a bottom, is the total area calculated from the vertical, horizontal, and thickness dimensions of the case part filled with the power generation element excluding the protruding part of the terminal.
- artificial graphite or purified natural graphite produced by high-temperature treatment of graphitizable pitch obtained from various raw materials, or surface treatment with pitch or other organic substances on these graphite
- carbonized material obtained by carbonizing natural graphite, artificial graphite, artificial carbonaceous material, and artificial graphite material at least once in the range of 400 to 3200 ° C., and a negative electrode active material layer.
- the lithium ion secondary battery according to the present disclosure preferably further includes a separator.
- the material and shape of the separator are not particularly limited as long as they are stable to the electrolytic solution and excellent in liquid retention, and known ones can be used. Among them, a resin, glass fiber, inorganic material, etc., which is formed of a material that is stable with respect to the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure, is used, and a porous sheet or a nonwoven fabric-like material having excellent liquid retention is used. preferable.
- a thin film shape such as a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, or a microporous film is used.
- the thin film shape those having a pore diameter of 0.01 to 1 ⁇ m and a thickness of 5 to 50 ⁇ m are preferably used.
- a separator formed by forming a composite porous layer containing the inorganic particles on the surface layer of the positive electrode and / or the negative electrode using a resin binder can be used.
- a porous layer may be formed by using alumina particles having a 90% particle size of less than 1 ⁇ m on both surfaces of the positive electrode and using a fluororesin as a binder.
- the current collecting structure is not particularly limited, but in order to more effectively realize the high current density charge / discharge characteristics with the electrolytic solution of the present disclosure, a structure in which the resistance of the wiring portion or the joint portion is reduced is used. preferable. Thus, when internal resistance is reduced, the effect using the electrolyte solution of this indication is exhibited especially favorable.
- the high-temperature storage characteristics are further improved, so that the portion in contact with the electrolytic solution among the portions electrically connected to the positive electrode current collector is also made of a valve metal or an alloy thereof. It is preferable to be configured.
- the battery outer case, and the lead wire and safety valve accommodated in the battery outer case, which are electrically connected to the positive electrode current collector and in contact with the non-aqueous electrolyte are valve metal or It is preferable to comprise the alloy. Stainless steel coated with a valve metal or an alloy thereof may be used.
- the configuration of the negative electrode is as described above.
- carbonaceous materials such as carbon black, graphite, expanded graphite, porous carbon, carbon nanotube, carbon nanohorn, and ketjen black may be used instead of or in combination with activated carbon.
- the current collector is only required to be chemically and electrochemically corrosion resistant.
- As the current collector of the polarizable electrode mainly composed of activated carbon stainless steel, aluminum, titanium or tantalum can be preferably used. Of these, stainless steel or aluminum is a particularly preferable material in terms of both characteristics and cost of the obtained electric double layer capacitor.
- As the current collector of the electrode mainly composed of a carbon material capable of reversibly inserting and extracting lithium ions stainless steel, copper or nickel is preferably used.
- lithium ions in order to preliminarily store lithium ions in a carbon material capable of reversibly inserting and extracting lithium ions, (1) mixing powdered lithium with a carbon material capable of reversibly inserting and extracting lithium ions. (2) A lithium foil is placed on an electrode formed of a carbon material capable of reversibly occluding and releasing lithium ions and a binder, and the electrode is in contact with the lithium salt.
- a positive electrode and a negative electrode made of a laminate (electrode) of a current collector and an electrode layer are wound through a separator to produce a wound element, and the wound element is made of aluminum. And then filled with an electrolytic solution, preferably a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, and then sealed and sealed with a rubber sealing body.
- Synthesis example 1 ⁇ Production of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester> To a reaction vessel purged with nitrogen, triethylamine (2.4 g, 24.0 mmol), 2-fluoro-2-propen-1-ol (1.5 g, 20.0 mmol), and 16 mL of methylene chloride were added, and 2-fluoroacryloyl fluoride was added. A solution of (1.8 g, 20.0 mmol) dissolved in 8 mL of methylene chloride was added dropwise at 0 ° C.
- Examples 1-8 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) (volume ratio 30:70) to a concentration of 1.0 mol / liter to obtain a basic electrolyte. Furthermore, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have the content shown in Table 1, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte. In addition, content of each additive compound in each table
- Example 9 In Example 4, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-propynyl ester was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 10 In Example 4, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propynyl ester was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 11 In Example 4, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 12 N-allyl-N-tert-butyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 13 In Example 4, N, N-diethyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Example 14 In Example 4, 2-fluoro-N, N-diisopropylacrylamide was added in place of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 15 In Example 4, 2-fluoro-1-pyrrolidin-1-yl-propenone was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Example 16 In Example 4, 2-fluoro-1-piperidin-1-yl-propenone was added in place of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 17 In Example 4, 2-fluoro-1-morpholin-4-yl-propenone was added in place of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 18 In Example 4, N, N-bis (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) -2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester, and a non-aqueous electrolyte was added. Got.
- Example 19 In Example 4, methyl 2-fluoroacrylate was added in place of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 20 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (volume ratio 30:70) to a concentration of 1.0 mol / liter to obtain a basic electrolyte. Furthermore, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have the content shown in Table 1, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- Example 21 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethyl propionate (volume ratio 30:70) to a concentration of 1.0 mol / liter to obtain a basic electrolyte. Furthermore, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have the content shown in Table 1, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- ethyl propionate volume ratio 30:70
- 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have the content shown in Table 1, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Example 22 In Example 21, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 1 Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, it was prepared without adding 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Example 4 Comparative Example 2 In Example 4, methyl acrylate was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Example 4 N, N-dimethylacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 4 N-allylacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- the obtained slurry was applied to one side of a 15 ⁇ m-thick aluminum foil previously coated with a conductive additive, dried, and roll-pressed with a press machine, and the active material layer had a width of 50 mm and a length of A positive electrode was cut out into a shape having an uncoated portion of 30 mm, a width of 5 mm, and a length of 9 mm.
- the lithium ion secondary battery manufactured as described above is charged to 4.2 V at a constant current corresponding to 0.2 C at 25 ° C. in a state where the lithium ion secondary battery is sandwiched between plates and pressed, and then at a constant current of 0.2 C.
- the battery was discharged to 0V.
- the battery is stabilized by performing this for 2 cycles. In the 3rd cycle, after charging to 4.2V with a constant current of 0.2C, charging is performed until the current value reaches 0.05C with a constant voltage of 4.2V.
- the battery was discharged to 3.0 V at a constant current of 0.2C.
- CC / CV charging Constant current-constant voltage charging up to 4.2 V at a current corresponding to 1 C at 45 ° C. with the lithium ion secondary battery manufactured above pressed between plates. .) (0.1 C cut), the battery was discharged at a constant current of 1 C to 3 V, and this was regarded as one cycle, and the initial discharge capacity was determined from the discharge capacity at the third cycle.
- 1C represents a current value for discharging the reference capacity of the battery in one hour, and, for example, 0.2C represents a current value of 1/5 thereof. The cycle was repeated, and the discharge capacity after 200 cycles was measured.
- Example 23 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) (volume ratio 30:70) to a concentration of 1.2 mol / liter to obtain a basic electrolyte. Furthermore, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester and vinylene carbonate (VC) were added to the basic electrolyte so as to have the contents shown in Table 2 to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
- VC vinylene carbonate
- Example 24 lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiBOB) was added in place of VC so as to have the contents shown in Table 2 to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- LiBOB lithium bisoxalatoborate
- Example 25 lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO 2 F 2 ) was added in place of VC so as to have the contents shown in Table 2 to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 26 lithium fluorosulfonate (FSO 3 Li) was added in place of VC so as to have the content shown in Table 2, to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- FSO 3 Li lithium fluorosulfonate
- Example 27 In Example 23, ethyl lithium sulfate (C 2 H 5 OSO 3 Li) was added in place of VC so as to have the content shown in Table 2, and a non-aqueous electrolyte was obtained.
- Example 28 fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) was added in place of VC so as to have the content shown in Table 2 to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- Example 29 In Example 23, 4- (2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-propyl)-[1,3] dioxolan-2-one (CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 -EC) was used instead of VC. A non-aqueous electrolyte solution was obtained by adding to the content described in 2.
- Example 30 In Example 23, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-propynyl ester was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 31 In Example 23, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propynyl ester was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 32 In Example 23, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 33 N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 34 N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 35 N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 36 N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 37 N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 38 In Example 29, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 39 N-allyl-N-tert-butyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 40 N, N-diethyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 41 2-fluoro-N, N-diisopropylacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 42 In Example 23, 2-fluoro-1-pyrrolidin-1-yl-propenone was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 43 In Example 23, 2-fluoro-1-piperidin-1-yl-propenone was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 44 In Example 23, 2-fluoro-1-morpholin-4-yl-propenone was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 45 N, N-bis (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) -2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester, and a non-aqueous electrolyte was added. Got.
- Example 46 In Example 23, methyl 2-fluoroacrylate was added in place of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 47 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of EC, EMC, and ethyl propionate (volume ratio 30:40:30) to a concentration of 1.2 mol / liter to obtain a basic electrolyte. Furthermore, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester and vinylene carbonate (VC) were added to the basic electrolyte so as to have the contents shown in Table 2 to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- VC vinylene carbonate
- Example 48 lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiBOB) was added in place of VC so as to have the contents shown in Table 2 to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- LiBOB lithium bisoxalatoborate
- Example 49 lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO 2 F 2 ) was added in place of VC so that the content shown in Table 2 was obtained, to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- LiPO 2 F 2 lithium difluorophosphate
- Example 50 lithium fluorosulfonate (FSO 3 Li) was added instead of VC so as to have the content shown in Table 2, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution was obtained.
- FSO 3 Li lithium fluorosulfonate
- Example 51 In Example 47, ethyl lithium sulfate (C 2 H 5 OSO 3 Li) was added in place of VC so as to have the content shown in Table 2, and a non-aqueous electrolyte was obtained.
- ethyl lithium sulfate C 2 H 5 OSO 3 Li
- Example 52 In Example 47, in place of VC, fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) was added so as to have the content shown in Table 2 to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- Example 53 In Example 47, 4- (2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-propyl)-[1,3] dioxolan-2-one (CF 3 CF 2 CH 2 -EC) was used instead of VC. A non-aqueous electrolyte was obtained by adding to the content described in 2.
- Examples 54-60 In Examples 47 to 53, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Examples 61-67 In Examples 47 to 53, 2-fluoro-1-morpholin-4-yl-propenone was added in place of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 23 it was prepared without adding 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Example 28 it was prepared without adding 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Example 23 Comparative Example 7 In Example 23, methyl acrylate was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 23 N-allylacrylamide was added in place of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 47 it was prepared without adding 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 52 it was prepared without adding 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Lithium ion secondary batteries were fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nonaqueous electrolytes described in Examples 23 to 67 and Comparative Examples 5 to 11 were used.
- the secondary battery whose initial characteristic evaluation was completed was stored at a high temperature under conditions of 85 ° C. for 36 hours. After sufficiently cooling the battery, the volume was measured by the Archimedes method, and the amount of gas generated from the volume change before and after storage was determined. Next, the battery was discharged at 25 ° C. to 3 V at 0.5 C, and the remaining capacity after high temperature storage was measured. Furthermore, after charging to 4.2 V with a constant current of 0.2 C, charging was performed until the current value reached 0.05 C with a constant voltage of 4.2 V, and then discharging was performed to 3 V at 0.5 C.
- CC / CV charging Constant current-constant voltage charging up to 4.2 V at a current corresponding to 1 C at 45 ° C. with the lithium ion secondary battery manufactured above pressed between plates. .) (0.1 C cut), the battery was discharged at a constant current of 1 C to 3 V, and this was regarded as one cycle, and the initial discharge capacity was determined from the discharge capacity at the third cycle.
- 1C represents a current value for discharging the reference capacity of the battery in one hour, and, for example, 0.2C represents a current value of 1/5 thereof. The cycle was repeated, and the discharge capacity after 200 cycles was measured.
- Example 68 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of trifluoropropylene carbonate and methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate (volume ratio 30:70) to a concentration of 1.0 mol / liter to obtain a basic electrolyte. Further, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have a content shown in Table 3, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Example 69 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of trifluoropropylene carbonate and methyl difluoroacetate (volume ratio 30:70) to a concentration of 1.0 mol / liter to obtain a basic electrolytic solution. Further, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have a content shown in Table 3, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Example 70 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate (volume ratio 30:70) to a concentration of 1.0 mol / liter, did. Further, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have a content shown in Table 3, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate volume ratio 30:70
- Example 71 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and methyl difluoroacetate (volume ratio 30:70) to a concentration of 1.0 mol / liter to obtain a basic electrolyte. Further, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have a content shown in Table 3, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- methyl difluoroacetate volume ratio 30:70
- Example 72 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and methyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropionate (volume ratio 30:70) to a concentration of 1.0 mol / liter, did. Further, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have a content shown in Table 3, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- methyl 3,3,3-trifluoropropionate volume ratio 30:70
- Example 73 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acetate (volume ratio 30:70) to a concentration of 1.0 mol / liter to obtain a basic electrolyte. . Further, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have a content shown in Table 3, to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acetate volume ratio 30:70
- Example 74 In Example 71, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-propynyl ester was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 75 In Example 73, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-propynyl ester was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 76 In Example 71, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propynyl ester was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 77 In Example 73, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propynyl ester was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 78 In Example 68, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 79 In Example 69, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 80 In Example 70, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 81 In Example 71, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 82 In Example 72, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 83 In Example 73, N, N-diallyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 84 In Example 71, N-allyl-N-tert-butyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 85 In Example 71, N, N-diethyl-2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 86 In Example 71, 2-fluoro-N, N-diisopropylacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 87 In Example 71, 2-fluoro-1-pyrrolidin-1-yl-propenone was added in place of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 88 In Example 71, 2-fluoro-1-piperidin-1-yl-propenone was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 89 In Example 71, 2-fluoro-1-morpholin-4-yl-propenone was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 90 In Example 71, N, N-bis (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) -2-fluoroacrylamide was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester, and a non-aqueous electrolyte was added. Got.
- Example 91 In Example 71, methyl 2-fluoroacrylate was added instead of 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 68 Comparative Example 12 In Example 68, it was prepared without adding 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 69 it was prepared without adding 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 71 Comparative Example 15 In Example 71, it was prepared without adding 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Example 72 Comparative Example 16 In Example 72, it was prepared without adding 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester to obtain a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Example 92 LiPF 6 was added to a mixture of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and methyl difluoroacetate (volume ratio 20:80) to a concentration of 1.0 mol / liter to obtain a basic electrolyte. Furthermore, 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have a content shown in Table 4 to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- methyl difluoroacetate volume ratio 20:80
- 2-fluoroacrylic acid 2-fluoro-2-propenyl ester was added to the basic electrolyte so as to have a content shown in Table 4 to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本開示は、また、新規なフッ素化アクリル酸エステル化合物及びフッ素化アクリルアミド化合物を提供することも目的とする。
一般式(1-1):
一般式(1-2):
また、本開示によれば、新規なフッ素化アクリル酸エステル化合物及びフッ素化アクリルアミド化合物を提供することができる。
一般式(1-1):
また、従来、非水電解液二次電池の特性向上のために種々の添加剤、例えば、ビニレンカーボネート及びその誘導体(特開平8-45545号公報)やハロゲン原子置換環状炭酸エステル(国際公開第98/15024号)を含有させた電解液が提案されている。しかし、これらの化合物を含む電解液は、当該化合物が、負極表面で還元分解されて被膜を形成し、この被膜により電解液の過度の分解が抑制され、充放電サイクルを向上させる効果がある一方、高温環境下や高電圧条件下において二次電池を貯蔵した場合や充放電サイクルを繰り返した場合に発生するガス量が多いという問題があった。本開示の電解液は、化合物(1)を含むことにより、高温保存時や充放電サイクル時に発生するガス量を低く抑えることができ、電池特性を向上させることができる。
上記アルキル基は、非フッ素化アルキル基であってもフッ素化アルキル基であってもよく、また、構造中にO、Si、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。また、上記アルキル基は環構造を有していてもよい。上記環は芳香環であってもよい。
更に、下記式で示されるような、構造中にO、Si、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでもよいシクロアルキル基や、芳香環を有するアルキル基も挙げられる。
上記アルケニル基は、非フッ素化アルケニル基であってもフッ素化アルケニル基であってもよく、また、構造中にO、Si、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。
更に、下記式で示されるようなシクロアルケニル基、及び、これらの基において少なくとも1個の水素原子がフッ素原子で置換された基も挙げられる。
上記アルキニル基は、非フッ素化アルキニル基であってもフッ素化アルキニル基であってもよく、また、構造中にO、Si、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。
なお、TMSは-Si(CH3)3を、TESは-Si(C2H5)3を、TBDMSは-Si(CH3)2C(CH3)3を表す。
上記アリール基は、非フッ素化アリール基であってもフッ素化アリール基であってもよく、また、構造中にO、Si、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。
上記フッ素化アルケニル基は、構造中にO及びSiからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。
上記フッ素化アルキニル基は、構造中にO及びSiからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。
R111としての上記非フッ素化アルキニル基としては、1-ペンチニル基(-C≡C-CH2CH2CH3)、2-ペンチニル基(-CH2-C≡C-CH2CH3)、3-ペンチニル基(-CH2CH2-C≡C-CH3)、4-ペンチニル基(-CH2CH2CH2-C≡CH)、-CH2-C≡C-TMS、-CH2-C≡C-TES、-CH2-C≡C-TBDMS、-CH2-C≡C-Si(OCH3)3、-CH2-C≡C-Si(OC2H5)3等が挙げられる。
上記アリール基は、非フッ素化アリール基であってもフッ素化アリール基であってもよく、また、構造中にO及びSiからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。
R111-OH
(式中、R111は上記と同じである。)で表される化合物(b)とを反応させて、上記一般式(11)で表される化合物(11)を得る工程(1-1)を含む製造方法により、好適に製造することができるが、これに限定されるものではない。
上記アミンとしては、例えば、トリエチルアミン、トリ(n-プロピル)アミン、トリ(n-ブチル)アミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、シクロヘキシルジメチルアミン、ピリジン、ルチジン、γ-コリジン、N,N-ジメチルアニリン、N-メチルピペリジン、N-メチルピロリジン、N-メチルモルホリン、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン(DBU)、1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]-5-ノネン、1,4-ジアザビシクロ[2.2.2]オクタン(DABCO)、4-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP)、プロトンスポンジ等が挙げられる。
上記無機塩基としては、例えば、水酸化リチウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸リチウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸セシウム、炭酸水素セシウム、炭酸水素リチウム、フッ化セシウム、フッ化カリウム、フッ化ナトリウム、塩化リチウム、臭化リチウム等が挙げられる。
上記塩基としては、なかでも、アミンが好ましく、トリエチルアミン、ピリジンがより好ましい。
なかでも、ハロゲン化炭化水素溶媒が好ましく、ジクロロメタン、四塩化炭素、クロロホルムがより好ましい。
上記アルキル基は、非フッ素化アルキル基であってもフッ素化アルキル基であってもよく、また、構造中にO、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。
上記アルキル基としては、なかでも、メチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基、ターシャリーブチル基、-CH2CF3が好ましい。
上記アルケニル基は、非フッ素化アルケニル基であってもフッ素化アルケニル基であってもよく、また、構造中にO、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。
上記アルキニル基は、非フッ素化アルキニル基であってもフッ素化アルキニル基であってもよく、また、構造中にO、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。
上記アリール基は、非フッ素化アリール基であってもフッ素化アリール基であってもよく、また、構造中にO、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。
上記炭化水素基としては、上記窒素原子とともにピロリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにピペリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにオキサゾリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにモルホリン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにチアゾリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともに2,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロール環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにピロール-2,5-ジオン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともに4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-イミダゾール環を形成する基等が挙げられる。なかでも、上記窒素原子とともにピロリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにピペリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにモルホリン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともに2,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロール環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにピロール-2,5-ジオン環を形成する基が好ましい。
R102及びR103は、不飽和結合を含まないことが好ましい。この場合、電解液の高温保存後の抵抗増加を一層抑制することができる。
R102及びR103は、同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
上記非フッ素化アルキル基としては、メチル基(-CH3)、エチル基(-CH2CH3)、プロピル基(-CH2CH2CH3)、イソプロピル基(-CH(CH3)2)、シクロプロピル基(-CHCH2CH2)、ノルマルブチル基(-CH2CH2CH2CH3)、ターシャリーブチル基(-C(CH3)3)等が挙げられる。なかでも、メチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基、ターシャリーブチル基が好ましい。
上記フッ素化アルキル基としては、-CF3、-CF2H、-CFH2、-CF2CF3、-CF2CF2H、-CF2CFH2、-CH2CF3、-CH2CF2H、-CH2CFH2、-CF2CF2CF3、-CF2CF2CF2H、-CF2CF2CFH2、-CH2CF2CF3、-CH2CF2CF2H、-CH2CF2CFH2、-CH2CH2CF3、-CH2CH2CF2H、-CH2CH2CFH2、-CF(CF3)2、-CF(CF2H)2、-CF(CFH2)2、-CH(CF3)2、-CH(CF2H)2、-CH(CFH2)2、-CH2CF(CF3)OC3F7、-CH2CF2OCF3等が挙げられる。なかでも、-CH2CF3が好ましい。
上記アルケニル基は、非フッ素化アルケニル基であってもフッ素化アルケニル基であってもよく、また、構造中にエーテル結合を有していてもよい。
上記アルキニル基は、非フッ素化アルキニル基であってもフッ素化アルキニル基であってもよく、また、構造中にエーテル結合を有していてもよい。
上記炭化水素基としては、上記窒素原子とともにピロリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにピペリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにオキサゾリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにモルホリン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにチアゾリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともに2,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロール環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにピロール-2,5-ジオン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともに4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-イミダゾール環を形成する基等が挙げられる。なかでも、上記窒素原子とともにピロリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにピペリジン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにモルホリン環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともに2,5-ジヒドロ-1H-ピロール環を形成する基、上記窒素原子とともにピロール-2,5-ジオン環を形成する基が好ましい。
R112及びR113は、同一であっても異なっていてもよい。
上記アミンとしては、例えば、トリエチルアミン、トリ(n-プロピル)アミン、トリ(n-ブチル)アミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、シクロヘキシルジメチルアミン、ピリジン、ルチジン、γ-コリジン、N,N-ジメチルアニリン、N-メチルピペリジン、N-メチルピロリジン、N-メチルモルホリン、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン(DBU)、1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]-5-ノネン、1,4-ジアザビシクロ[2.2.2]オクタン(DABCO)、4-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP)、プロトンスポンジ等が挙げられ、反応原料として使用する化合物(c)も上記アミンに含まれる。
上記無機塩基としては、例えば、水酸化リチウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸リチウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸セシウム、炭酸水素セシウム、炭酸水素リチウム、フッ化セシウム、フッ化カリウム、フッ化ナトリウム、塩化リチウム、臭化リチウム等が挙げられる。
上記塩基としては、なかでも、アミンが好ましく、反応原料である化合物(c)と化合物(c)以外のアミンを併用しても良く、併用しなくとも良い。化合物(c)以外のアミンとしてはトリエチルアミン、ピリジンが好ましい。
なかでも、ハロゲン化炭化水素溶媒が好ましく、ジクロロメタン、四塩化炭素、クロロホルムがより好ましい。
なお、本明細書において「高電圧」とは、4.2V以上の電圧をいう。また、「高電圧」の上限は4.9Vが好ましい。
なお、本明細書中で「エーテル結合」は、-O-で表される結合である。
炭素数が大きくなりすぎると低温特性が低下したり、電解質塩の溶解性が低下したりするおそれがあり、炭素数が少な過ぎると、電解質塩の溶解性の低下、放電効率の低下、更には粘性の増大等がみられることがある。
R1-R2- (a-1)
(式中、R1はフッ素原子を有していてもよい炭素数1以上のアルキル基;R2はフッ素原子を有していてもよい炭素数1~3のアルキレン基;ただし、R1及びR2の少なくとも一方はフッ素原子を有している)で示されるフッ素化アルキル基が、電解質塩の溶解性が良好な点から好ましく例示できる。
なお、R1及びR2は、更に、炭素原子、水素原子及びフッ素原子以外の、その他の原子を有していてもよい。
-CH2-、-CHF-、-CF2-、-CHCl-、-CFCl-、-CCl2-
-CH2-、-CHF-、-CF2-、-CHCl-、-CFCl-、-CCl2-
R3-(OR4)n1- (b-1)
(式中、R3はフッ素原子を有していてもよい、好ましくは炭素数1~6のアルキル基;R4はフッ素原子を有していてもよい、好ましくは炭素数1~4のアルキレン基;n1は1~3の整数;ただし、R3及びR4の少なくとも1つはフッ素原子を有している)で示されるものが挙げられる。
フッ素化アルキル基(a)、エーテル結合を有するフッ素化アルキル基(b)、及び、フッ素化アルコキシ基(c)のフッ素含有率は、各基の構造式に基づいて、{(フッ素原子の個数×19)/各基の式量}×100(%)により算出した値である。
なお、上記フッ素化飽和環状カーボネートのフッ素含有率は、フッ素化飽和環状カーボネートの構造式に基づいて、{(フッ素原子の個数×19)/フッ素化飽和環状カーボネートの分子量}×100(%)により算出した値である。
Rf2OCOOR7 (B)
(式中、Rf2は、炭素数1~7のフッ素化アルキル基であり、R7は、炭素数1~7のフッ素原子を含んでいてもよいアルキル基である。)で示される化合物を挙げることができる。
上記フッ素化アルキル基は、アルキル基が有する水素原子の少なくとも1つをフッ素原子で置換したものである。R7がフッ素原子を含むアルキル基である場合、フッ素化アルキル基となる。
Rf2及びR7は、低粘性である点で、炭素数が1~7であることが好ましく、1~2であることがより好ましい。
炭素数が大きくなりすぎると低温特性が低下したり、電解質塩の溶解性が低下したりするおそれがあり、炭素数が少な過ぎると、電解質塩の溶解性の低下、放電効率の低下、更には粘性の増大等がみられることがある。
R1-R2- (d-1)
(式中、R1はフッ素原子を有していてもよい炭素数1以上のアルキル基;R2はフッ素原子を有していてもよい炭素数1~3のアルキレン基;ただし、R1及びR2の少なくとも一方はフッ素原子を有している)で示されるフッ素化アルキル基が、電解質塩の溶解性が良好な点から好ましく例示できる。
なお、R1及びR2は、更に、炭素原子、水素原子及びフッ素原子以外の、その他の原子を有していてもよい。
-CH2-、-CHF-、-CF2-、-CHCl-、-CFCl-、-CCl2-
なお、本開示においてフッ素含有率は、上記フッ素化鎖状カーボネートの構造式に基づいて、
{(フッ素原子の個数×19)/フッ素化鎖状カーボネートの分子量}×100(%)
により算出した値である。
R31COOR32
(式中、R31及びR32は、互いに独立に、炭素数1~4のフッ素原子を含んでいてもよいアルキル基であり、R31及びR32の少なくとも一方はフッ素原子を含む。)で示されるフッ素化鎖状カルボン酸エステルが、他溶媒との相溶性や耐酸化性が良好な点から好ましい。
なかでもCF3CH2C(=O)OCH3、HCF2C(=O)OCH3、HCF2C(=O)OC2H5、CF3C(=O)OCH2C2F5、CF3C(=O)OCH2CF2CF2H、CF3C(=O)OCH2CF3、CF3C(=O)OCH(CF3)2、ペンタフルオロ酪酸エチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、ペンタフルオロプロピオン酸エチル、ヘプタフルオロイソ酪酸メチル、トリフルオロ酪酸イソプロピル、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル、トリフルオロ酢酸tert-ブチル、トリフルオロ酢酸n-ブチル、テトラフルオロ-2-(メトキシ)プロピオン酸メチル、酢酸2,2-ジフルオロエチル、酢酸2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル、CH3C(=O)OCH2CF3、酢酸1H,1H-ヘプタフルオロブチル、4,4,4-トリフルオロ酪酸メチル、4,4,4-トリフルオロ酪酸エチル、3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピオン酸エチル、3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピオン酸3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピル、3-(トリフルオロメチル)酪酸エチル、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、2,2-ジフルオロ酢酸ブチル、2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、2-(トリフルオロメチル)-3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピオン酸メチル、ヘプタフルオロ酪酸メチルが、他溶媒との相溶性及びレート特性が良好な点から好ましく、CF3CH2C(=O)OCH3、HCF2C(=O)OCH3、HCF2C(=O)OC2H5、CH3C(=O)OCH2CF3がより好ましく、HCF2C(=O)OCH3、HCF2C(=O)OC2H5、CH3C(=O)OCH2CF3が特に好ましい。
上記の組成の溶媒を含有する電解液は、電気化学デバイスの高温保存特性やサイクル特性を一層向上させることができる。
上記溶媒の含有量は、電解液中70~99.999質量%であることが好ましく、80質量%以上がより好ましく、92質量%以下がより好ましい。
X201は、O、S、炭素数1~10のアルキレン基、炭素数1~10のハロゲン化アルキレン基、炭素数6~20のアリーレン基又は炭素数6~20のハロゲン化アリーレン基(アルキレン基、ハロゲン化アルキレン基、アリーレン基、及び、ハロゲン化アリーレン基はその構造中に置換基、ヘテロ原子を持っていてもよく、またn202が1でn203が2~4のときにはn203個のX201はそれぞれが結合していてもよい)。
L201は、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、炭素数1~10のハロゲン化アルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数6~20のハロゲン化アリール基(アルキレン基、ハロゲン化アルキレン基、アリーレン基、及び、ハロゲン化アリーレン基はその構造中に置換基、ヘテロ原子を持っていてもよく、またn201が2~8のときにはn201個のL201はそれぞれが結合して環を形成してもよい)又は-Z203Y203。
Y201、Y202及びZ203は、それぞれ独立でO、S、NY204、炭化水素基又はフッ素化炭化水素基。Y203及びY204は、それぞれ独立でH、F、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、炭素数1~10のハロゲン化アルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基又は炭素数6~20のハロゲン化アリール基(アルキル基、ハロゲン化アルキル基、アリール基及びハロゲン化アリール基はその構造中に置換基、ヘテロ原子を持っていてもよく、Y203又はY204が複数個存在する場合にはそれぞれが結合して環を形成してもよい)。
なお、本明細書において、フッ素化炭化水素基は、炭化水素基の水素原子の少なくとも1つがフッ素原子に置換された基である。
化合物(5)としては、リチウムビス(オキサラト)ボレートが特に好ましい。
上記リチウム塩として任意のものを用いることができ、具体的には以下のものが挙げられる。例えば、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiAlF4、LiSbF6、LiTaF6、LiWF7、LiAsF6,LiAlCl4,LiI、LiBr、LiCl、LiB10Cl10、Li2SiF6、Li2PFO3、LiPO2F2等の無機リチウム塩;
LiWOF5等のタングステン酸リチウム類;
HCO2Li、CH3CO2Li、CH2FCO2Li、CHF2CO2Li、CF3CO2Li、CF3CH2CO2Li、CF3CF2CO2Li、CF3CF2CF2CO2Li、CF3CF2CF2CF2CO2Li等のカルボン酸リチウム塩類;
FSO3Li、CH3SO3Li、CH2FSO3Li、CHF2SO3Li、CF3SO3Li、CF3CF2SO3Li、CF3CF2CF2SO3Li、CF3CF2CF2CF2SO3Li、リチウムメチルサルフェート、リチウムエチルサルフェート(C2H5OSO3Li)、リチウム2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルサルフェート等のS=O基を有するリチウム塩類;
LiN(FCO)2、LiN(FCO)(FSO2)、LiN(FSO2)2、LiN(FSO2)(CF3SO2)、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiN(C2F5SO2)2、リチウムビスパーフルオロエタンスルホニルイミド、リチウム環状1,2-パーフルオロエタンジスルホニルイミド、リチウム環状1,3-パーフルオロプロパンジスルホニルイミド、リチウム環状1,2-エタンジスルホニルイミド、リチウム環状1,3-プロパンジスルホニルイミド、リチウム環状1,4-パーフルオロブタンジスルホニルイミド、LiN(CF3SO2)(FSO2)、LiN(CF3SO2)(C3F7SO2)、LiN(CF3SO2)(C4F9SO2)、LiN(POF2)2等のリチウムイミド塩類;
LiC(FSO2)3、LiC(CF3SO2)3、LiC(C2F5SO2)3等のリチウムメチド塩類;
その他、式:LiPFa(CnF2n+1)6-a(式中、aは0~5の整数であり、nは1~6の整数である)で表される塩(例えばLiPF3(C2F5)3、LiPF3(CF3)3、LiPF3(iso-C3F7)3、LiPF5(iso-C3F7)、LiPF4(CF3)2、LiPF4(C2F5)2)、LiPF4(CF3SO2)2、LiPF4(C2F5SO2)2、LiBF3CF3、LiBF3C2F5、LiBF3C3F7、LiBF2(CF3)2、LiBF2(C2F5)2、LiBF2(CF3SO2)2、LiBF2(C2F5SO2)2等の含フッ素有機リチウム塩類、LiSCN、LiB(CN)4、LiB(C6H5)4、Li2(C2O4)、LiP(C2O4)3、Li2B12FbH12-b(bは0~3の整数)等が挙げられる。
上記アンモニウム塩としては、以下(IIa)~(IIe)が挙げられる。
(IIa)テトラアルキル4級アンモニウム塩
一般式(IIa):
で示されるテトラアルキル4級アンモニウム塩が好ましく例示できる。また、このアンモニウム塩の水素原子の一部又は全部がフッ素原子及び/又は炭素数1~4の含フッ素アルキル基で置換されているものも、耐酸化性が向上する点から好ましい。
で示されるアルキルエーテル基含有トリアルキルアンモニウム塩、
等が挙げられる。アルキルエーテル基を導入することにより、粘性の低下を図ることができる。
一般式(IIb-1):
で示されるスピロ環ビピロリジニウム塩、又は、一般式(IIb-3):
で示されるスピロ環ビピロリジニウム塩が好ましく挙げられる。また、このスピロ環ビピロリジニウム塩の水素原子の一部又は全部がフッ素原子及び/又は炭素数1~4の含フッ素アルキル基で置換されているものも、耐酸化性が向上する点から好ましい。
一般式(IIc):
で示されるイミダゾリウム塩が好ましく例示できる。また、このイミダゾリウム塩の水素原子の一部又は全部がフッ素原子及び/又は炭素数1~4の含フッ素アルキル基で置換されているものも、耐酸化性が向上する点から好ましい。
一般式(IId):
で示されるN-アルキルピリジニウム塩が好ましく例示できる。また、このN-アルキルピリジニウム塩の水素原子の一部又は全部がフッ素原子及び/又は炭素数1~4の含フッ素アルキル基で置換されているものも、耐酸化性が向上する点から好ましい。
一般式(IIe):
で示されるN,N-ジアルキルピロリジニウム塩が好ましく例示できる。また、このN,N-ジアルキルピロリジニウム塩の水素原子の一部又は全部がフッ素原子及び/又は炭素数1~4の含フッ素アルキル基で置換されているものも、耐酸化性が向上する点から好ましい。
更に容量を向上させるために、マグネシウム塩を用いてもよい。マグネシウム塩としては、例えば、Mg(ClO4)2、Mg(OOC2H5)2等が好ましい。
上記濃度の上限は、低温特性の点で、2.0モル/リットル以下であることが好ましく、1.5モル/リットル以下であることがより好ましい。
上記アンモニウム塩が、4フッ化ホウ酸トリエチルメチルアンモニウム(TEMABF4)の場合、その濃度は、低温特性に優れる点で、0.7~1.5モル/リットルであることが好ましい。
また、4フッ化ホウ酸スピロビピロリジニウム(SBPBF4)の場合は、0.7~2.0モル/リットルであることが好ましい。
Y21及びZ21が複数存在する場合、複数存在するY21及びZ21は同じであっても異なっていてもよい。
Z21としては、H-、F-、CH3-、CH3CH2-、CH3CH2CH2-、CF3-、CF3CF2-、CH2FCH2-及びCF3CF2CF2-からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が好ましい。
これにより、電気化学デバイスの高温保存特性を向上させることができる。上記ニトリル化合物を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を任意の組み合わせ及び比率で併用してもよい。
ハロゲン原子としては、例えば、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられる。中でもフッ素原子が好ましい。
アルキル基としては、炭素数1~5のものが好ましい。アルキル基の具体例としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、イソブチル基、tert-ブチル基等が挙げられる。
アルキル基の少なくとも一部の水素原子をハロゲン原子で置換した基としては、上述したアルキル基の少なくとも一部の水素原子を上述したハロゲン原子で置換した基が挙げられる。
Ra及びRbがアルキル基、又は、アルキル基の少なくとも一部の水素原子をハロゲン原子で置換した基である場合は、RaとRbとが互いに結合して環構造(例えば、シクロヘキサン環)を形成していてもよい。
Ra及びRbは、水素原子又はアルキル基であることが好ましい。
ジニトリルの具体例としては、マロノニトリル、スクシノニトリル、グルタロニトリル、アジポニトリル、ピメロニトリル、スベロニトリル、アゼラニトリル、セバコニトリル、ウンデカンジニトリル、ドデカンジニトリル、メチルマロノニトリル、エチルマロノニトリル、イソプロピルマロノニトリル、tert-ブチルマロノニトリル、メチルスクシノニトリル、2,2-ジメチルスクシノニトリル、2,3-ジメチルスクシノニトリル、2,3,3-トリメチルスクシノニトリル、2,2,3,3-テトラメチルスクシノニトリル、2,3-ジエチル-2,3-ジメチルスクシノニトリル、2,2-ジエチル-3,3-ジメチルスクシノニトリル、ビシクロヘキシル-1,1-ジカルボニトリル、ビシクロヘキシル-2,2-ジカルボニトリル、ビシクロヘキシル-3,3-ジカルボニトリル、2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ヘキサンジカルボニトリル、2,3-ジイソブチル-2,3-ジメチルスクシノニトリル、2,2-ジイソブチル-3,3-ジメチルスクシノニトリル、2-メチルグルタロニトリル、2,3-ジメチルグルタロニトリル、2,4-ジメチルグルタロニトリル、2,2,3,3-テトラメチルグルタロニトリル、2,2,4,4-テトラメチルグルタロニトリル、2,2,3,4-テトラメチルグルタロニトリル、2,3,3,4-テトラメチルグルタロニトリル、1,4-ジシアノペンタン、2,6-ジシアノヘプタン、2,7-ジシアノオクタン、2,8-ジシアノノナン、1,6-ジシアノデカン、1,2-ジジアノベンゼン、1,3-ジシアノベンゼン、1,4-ジシアノベンゼン、3,3’-(エチレンジオキシ)ジプロピオニトリル、3,3’-(エチレンジチオ)ジプロピオニトリル、3,9-ビス(2-シアノエチル)-2,4,8,10-テトラオキサスピロ[5,5]ウンデカン、ブタンニトリル、フタロニトリル等を例示できる。これらのうち、特に好ましいのはスクシノニトリル、グルタロニトリル、アジポニトリルである。
また、トリカルボニトリルの具体例としては、ペンタントリカルボニトリル、プロパントリカルボニトリル、1,3,5-ヘキサントリカルボニトリル、1,3,6-ヘキサントリカルボニトリル、ヘプタントリカルボニトリル、1,2,3-プロパントリカルボニトリル、1,3,5-ペンタントリカルボニトリル、シクロヘキサントリカルボニトリル、トリスシアノエチルアミン、トリスシアノエトキシプロパン、トリシアノエチレン、トリス(2-シアノエチル)アミン等が挙げられ特に好ましいものは、1,3,6-ヘキサントリカルボニトリル、シクロヘキサントリカルボニトリルであり、最も好ましいものはシクロヘキサントリカルボニトリルである。
ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、及び、アルキル基の少なくとも一部の水素原子をハロゲン原子で置換した基については、上記一般式(1a)について例示したものが挙げられる。
上記NC-Rc1-Xc1-におけるRc1はアルキレン基である。アルキレン基としては、炭素数1~3のアルキレン基が好ましい。
Rc、Rd及びReは、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、又は、アルキル基の少なくとも一部の水素原子をハロゲン原子で置換した基であることが好ましい。
Rc、Rd及びReの少なくとも1つは、ハロゲン原子、又は、アルキル基の少なくとも一部の水素原子をハロゲン原子で置換した基であることが好ましく、フッ素原子、又は、アルキル基の少なくとも一部の水素原子をフッ素原子で置換した基であることがより好ましい。
Rd及びReがアルキル基、又は、アルキル基の少なくとも一部の水素原子をハロゲン原子で置換した基である場合は、RdとReとが互いに結合して環構造(例えば、シクロヘキサン環)を形成していてもよい。
ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、及び、アルキル基の少なくとも一部の水素原子をハロゲン原子で置換した基については、上記一般式(1a)について例示したものが挙げられる。
シアノ基を含む基としては、シアノ基のほか、アルキル基の少なくとも一部の水素原子をシアノ基で置換した基が挙げられる。この場合のアルキル基としては、上記一般式(1a)について例示したものが挙げられる。
Rf、Rg、Rh及びRiのうち少なくとも1つはシアノ基を含む基である。好ましくは、Rf、Rg、Rh及びRiのうち少なくとも2つがシアノ基を含む基であることであり、より好ましくは、Rh及びRiがシアノ基を含む基であることである。Rh及びRiがシアノ基を含む基である場合、Rf及びRgは、水素原子であることが好ましい。
このような化合物を含有することにより、電極界面の安定性が向上し、電気化学デバイスの特性を向上させることができる。
上記ポリエチレンオキシドとしては、例えば、ポリエチレンオキシドモノオール、ポリエチレンオキシドカルボン酸、ポリエチレンオキシドジオール、ポリエチレンオキシドジカルボン酸、ポリエチレンオキシドトリオール、ポリエチレンオキシドトリカルボン酸等が挙げられる。これらは単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
なかでも、電気化学デバイスの特性がより良好となる点で、ポリエチレンオキシドモノオールとポリエチレンオキシドジオールの混合物、及び、ポリエチレンカルボン酸とポリエチレンジカルボン酸の混合物であることが好ましい。
上記重量平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)法によるポリスチレン換算により測定することができる。
上記ポリエチレンオキシドの含有量は、5×10-6mol/kg以上であることがより好ましい。
フッ素化不飽和環状カーボネートは、不飽和結合とフッ素原子とを有する環状カーボネートである。フッ素化不飽和環状カーボネートが有するフッ素原子の数は1以上があれば、特に制限されない。中でもフッ素原子が通常6以下、好ましくは4以下であり、1個又は2個のものが最も好ましい。
三重結合を有する化合物の具体例としては、例えば、以下の化合物が挙げられる。
1-ペンチン、2-ペンチン、1-ヘキシン、2-ヘキシン、3-ヘキシン、1-ヘプチン、2-ヘプチン、3-ヘプチン、1-オクチン、2-オクチン、3-オクチン、4-オクチン、1-ノニン、2-ノニン、3-ノニン、4-ノニン、1-ドデシン、2-ドデシン、3-ドデシン、4-ドデシン、5-ドデシン、フェニルアセチレン、1-フェニル-1-プロピン、1-フェニル-2-プロピン、1-フェニル-1-ブチン、4-フェニル-1-ブチン、4-フェニル-1-ブチン、1-フェニル-1-ペンチン、5-フェニル-1-ペンチン、1-フェニル-1-ヘキシン、6-フェニル-1-ヘキシン、ジフェニルアセチレン、4-エチニルトルエン、ジシクロヘキシルアセチレン等の炭化水素化合物;
フルオロベンゼン、ジフルオロベンゼン、ヘキサフルオロベンゼン、ベンゾトリフルオライド、モノフルオロベンゼン、1-フルオロ-2-シクロヘキシルベンゼン、1-フルオロ-4-tert-ブチルベンゼン、1-フルオロ-3-シクロヘキシルベンゼン、1-フルオロ-2-シクロヘキシルベンゼン、フッ素化ビフェニル等の含フッ素芳香族化合物;
エリスリタンカーボネート、スピロ-ビス-ジメチレンカーボネート、メトキシエチル-メチルカーボネート等のカーボネート化合物;
ジオキソラン、ジオキサン、2,5,8,11-テトラオキサドデカン、2,5,8,11,14-ペンタオキサペンタデカン、エトキシメトキシエタン、トリメトキシメタン、グライム、エチルモノグライム等のエーテル系化合物;
ジメチルケトン、ジエチルケトン、3-ペンタノン等のケトン系化合物;
2-アリル無水コハク酸等の酸無水物;
シュウ酸ジメチル、シュウ酸ジエチル、シュウ酸エチルメチル、シュウ酸ジ(2-プロピニル)、シュウ酸メチル2-プロピニル、コハク酸ジメチル、グルタル酸ジ(2-プロピニル)、ギ酸メチル、ギ酸エチル、ギ酸2-プロピニル、2-ブチン-1,4-ジイルジホルメート、メタクリル酸2-プロピニル、マロン酸ジメチル等のエステル化合物;
アセトアミド、N-メチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド等のアミド系化合物;
硫酸エチレン、硫酸ビニレン、亜硫酸エチレン、フルオロスルホン酸メチル、フルオロスルホン酸エチル、メタンスルホン酸メチル、メタンスルホン酸エチル、ブスルファン、スルホレン、ジフェニルスルホン、N,N-ジメチルメタンスルホンアミド、N,N-ジエチルメタンスルホンアミド、ビニルスルホン酸メチル、ビニルスルホン酸エチル、ビニルスルホン酸アリル、ビニルスルホン酸プロパルギル、アリルスルホン酸メチル、アリルスルホン酸エチル、アリルスルホン酸アリル、アリルスルホン酸プロパルギル、1,2-ビス(ビニルスルホニロキシ)エタン、無水プロパンジスルホン酸、無水スルホ酪酸、無水スルホ安息香酸、無水スルホプロピオン酸、無水エタンジスルホン酸、メチレンメタンジスルホネート、メタンスルホン酸2-プロピニル、ペンテンサルファイト、ペンタフルオロフェニルメタンスルホネート、プロピレンサルフェート、プロピレンサルファイト、プロパンサルトン、ブチレンサルファイト、ブタン-2,3-ジイルジメタンスルホネート、2-ブチン-1,4-ジイルジメタンスルホネート、ビニルスルホン酸2-プロピニル、ビス(2-ビニルスルホニルエチル)エーテル、5-ビニル-ヘキサヒドロ-1,3,2-ベンゾジオキサチオール-2-オキシド、2-(メタンスルホニルオキシ)プロピオン酸2-プロピニル、5,5-ジメチル-1,2-オキサチオラン-4-オン2,2-ジオキシド、3-スルホ-プロピオン酸無水物トリメチレンメタンジスルホネート2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン、トリメチレンメタンジスルホネート、テトラメチレンスルホキシド、ジメチレンメタンジスルホネート、ジフルオロエチルメチルスルホン、ジビニルスルホン、1,2-ビス(ビニルスルホニル)エタン、エチレンビススルホン酸メチル、エチレンビススルホン酸エチル、エチレンサルフェート、チオフェン1-オキシド等の含硫黄化合物;
1-メチル-2-ピロリジノン、1-メチル-2-ピペリドン、3-メチル-2-オキサゾリジノン、1,3-ジメチル-2-イミダゾリジノン及びN-メチルスクシンイミド、ニトロメタン、ニトロエタン、エチレンジアミン等の含窒素化合物;
亜リン酸トリメチル、亜リン酸トリエチル、亜リン酸トリフェニル、リン酸トリメチル、リン酸トリエチル、リン酸トリフェニル、メチルホスホン酸ジメチル、エチルホスホン酸ジエチル、ビニルホスホン酸ジメチル、ビニルホスホン酸ジエチル、ジエチルホスホノ酢酸エチル、ジメチルホスフィン酸メチル、ジエチルホスフィン酸エチル、トリメチルホスフィンオキシド、トリエチルホスフィンオキシド、リン酸ビス(2,2-ジフルオロエチル)2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル、リン酸ビス(2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル)2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル、リン酸ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)メチル、リン酸ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)エチル、リン酸ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)2,2-ジフルオロエチルリン酸ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル、リン酸トリブチル、リン酸トリス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)、リン酸トリス(1,1,1,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロプロパン-2-イル)、リン酸トリオクチル、リン酸2-フェニルフェニルジメチル、リン酸2-フェニルフェニルジエチル、リン酸(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)(2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル)メチル、メチル2-(ジメトキシホスホリル)アセテート、メチル2-(ジメチルホスホリル)アセテート、メチル2-(ジエトキシホスホリル)アセテート、メチル2-(ジエチルホスホリル)アセテート、メチレンビスホスホン酸メチル、メチレンビスホスホン酸エチル、エチレンビスホスホン酸メチル、エチレンビスホスホン酸エチル、ブチレンビスホスホン酸メチル、ブチレンビスホスホン酸エチル、酢酸2-プロピニル2-(ジメトキシホスホリル)、酢酸2-プロピニル2-(ジメチルホスホリル)、酢酸2-プロピニル2-(ジエトキシホスホリル)、酢酸2-プロピニル2-(ジエチルホスホリル)、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)、リン酸トリス(トリエチルシリル)、リン酸トリス(トリメトキシシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(トリエチルシリル)、亜リン酸トリス(トリメトキシシリル)、ポリリン酸トリメチルシリル等の含燐化合物;
ホウ酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)、ホウ酸トリス(トリメトキシシリル)等の含ホウ素化合物;
ジメトキシアルミノキシトリメトキシシラン、ジエトキシアルミノキシトリエトキシシラン、ジプロポキシアルミノキシトリエトキシシラン、ジブトキシアルミノキシトリメトキシシラン、ジブトキシアルミノキシトリエトキシシラン、チタンテトラキス(トリメチルシロキシド)、チタンテトラキス(トリエチルシロキシド)、テトラメチルシラン等のシラン化合物;
等が挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの助剤を添加することにより、高温保存後の容量維持特性やサイクル特性を向上させることができる。
上記その他の助剤としては、なかでも、含燐化合物が好ましく、リン酸トリス(トリメチルシリル)、亜リン酸(トリストリメチルシリル)が好ましい。
で示される含フッ素ラクトンが挙げられる。
で示される含フッ素ラクトン等も挙げられる。
で示される5員環構造が、合成が容易である点、化学的安定性が良好な点から好ましく挙げられ、更には、AとBの組合せにより、下記式(F):
で示される含フッ素ラクトンと、下記式(G):
で示される含フッ素ラクトンがある。
炭素数2~10の鎖状エーテルとしては、ジメチルエーテル、ジエチルエーテル、ジ-n-ブチルエーテル、ジメトキシメタン、メトキシエトキシメタン、ジエトキシメタン、ジメトキシエタン、メトキシエトキシエタン、ジエトキシエタン、エチレングリコールジ-n-プロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールジ-n-ブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ペンタエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル等が挙げられる。
上記フッ素化エーテルとしては、下記一般式(I):
Rf3-O-Rf4 (I)
(式中、Rf3及びRf4は同じか又は異なり、炭素数1~10のアルキル基又は炭素数1~10のフッ素化アルキル基である。ただし、Rf3及びRf4の少なくとも一方は、フッ素化アルキル基である。)
で表されるフッ素化エーテル(I)が挙げられる。フッ素化エーテル(I)を含有させることにより、電解液の難燃性が向上するとともに、高温高電圧での安定性、安全性が向上する。
なかでも、Rf3及びRf4が、同じか又は異なり、Rf3が炭素数3~6のフッ素化アルキル基であり、かつ、Rf4が炭素数2~6のフッ素化アルキル基であることがより好ましい。
上記フッ素含有率の下限は、45質量%がより好ましく、50質量%が更に好ましく、55質量%が特に好ましい。上限は70質量%がより好ましく、66質量%が更に好ましい。
なお、フッ素化エーテル(I)のフッ素含有率は、フッ素化エーテル(I)の構造式に基づいて、{(フッ素原子の個数×19)/フッ素化エーテル(I)の分子量}×100(%)により算出した値である。
なかでも、高沸点、他の溶媒との相溶性や電解質塩の溶解性が良好な点で有利なことから、HCF2CF2CH2OCF2CFHCF3(沸点106℃)、CF3CF2CH2OCF2CFHCF3(沸点82℃)、HCF2CF2CH2OCF2CF2H(沸点92℃)及びCF3CF2CH2OCF2CF2H(沸点68℃)からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であることが好ましく、HCF2CF2CH2OCF2CFHCF3(沸点106℃)及びHCF2CF2CH2OCF2CF2H(沸点92℃)からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であることがより好ましい。
Rf5COO-M+ (30)
(式中、Rf5は炭素数3~10のエーテル結合を含んでいてもよい含フッ素アルキル基;M+はLi+、Na+、K+又はNHR’3 +(R’は同じか又は異なり、いずれもH又は炭素数が1~3のアルキル基)である)
で表される含フッ素カルボン酸塩や、下記式(40):
Rf6SO3 -M+ (40)
(式中、Rf6は炭素数3~10のエーテル結合を含んでいてもよい含フッ素アルキル基;M+はLi+、Na+、K+又はNHR’3 +(R’は同じか又は異なり、いずれもH又は炭素数が1~3のアルキル基)である)
で表される含フッ素スルホン酸塩等が好ましい。
A-(D)-B (101)
[式中、Dは式(201):
-(D1)n-(FAE)m-(AE)p-(Y)q- (201)
(式中、D1は、式(2a):
で示される側鎖に含フッ素エーテル基を有するエーテル単位;
FAEは、式(2b):
で示される側鎖にフッ素化アルキル基を有するエーテル単位;
AEは、式(2c):
で示されるエーテル単位;
Yは、式(2d-1)~(2d-3):
nは0~200の整数;mは0~200の整数;pは0~10000の整数;qは1~100の整数;ただしn+mは0ではなく、D1、FAE、AE及びYの結合順序は特定されない);
A及びBは同じか又は異なり、水素原子、フッ素原子及び/又は架橋性官能基を含んでいてもよいアルキル基、フッ素原子及び/又は架橋性官能基を含んでいてもよいフェニル基、-COOH基、-OR(Rは水素原子又はフッ素原子及び/又は架橋性官能基を含んでいてもよいアルキル基)、エステル基又はカーボネート基(ただし、Dの末端が酸素原子の場合は-COOH基、-OR、エステル基及びカーボネート基ではない)]
で表される側鎖に含フッ素基を有する非晶性含フッ素ポリエーテル化合物である。
なお、添加剤として化合物(7)を使用する場合、上述した電解質塩としては、化合物(7)以外の化合物を使用することが好ましい。
上記S=O基を有するリチウム塩類としては、モノフルオロスルホン酸リチウム(FSO3Li)、メチル硫酸リチウム(CH3OSO3Li)、エチル硫酸リチウム(C2H5OSO3Li)、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル硫酸リチウム等が挙げられる。
化合物(7)としては、中でも、LiPO2F2、FSO3Li、C2H5OSO3Liが好ましい。
HFの含有量は、10ppm以上がより好ましく、20ppm以上が更に好ましい。HFの含有量はまた、100ppm以下がより好ましく、80ppm以下が更に好ましく、50ppm以下が特に好ましい。
HFの含有量は、中和滴定法により測定することができる。
上記非水系電解液電池は、公知の構造を採ることができ、典型的には、イオン(例えばリチウムイオン)を吸蔵・放出可能な正極及び正極と、上記本開示の電解液とを備える。このような本開示の電解液を備える電気化学デバイスもまた、本開示の一つである。
上記電気化学デバイスを備えるモジュールも本開示の一つである。
上記リチウムイオン二次電池は、正極、負極、及び、上述の電解液を備えることが好ましい。
正極は、正極活物質を含む正極活物質層と、集電体とから構成される。
式:LiaMn2-bM1 bO4(式中、0.9≦a;0≦b≦1.5;M1はFe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Al、Sn、Cr、V、Ti、Mg、Ca、Sr、B、Ga、In、Si及びGeよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属)で表されるリチウム・マンガンスピネル複合酸化物、
式:LiNi1-cM2 cO2(式中、0≦c≦0.5;M2はFe、Co、Mn、Cu、Zn、Al、Sn、Cr、V、Ti、Mg、Ca、Sr、B、Ga、In、Si及びGeよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属)で表されるリチウム・ニッケル複合酸化物、又は、
式:LiCo1-dM3 dO2(式中、0≦d≦0.5;M3はFe、Ni、Mn、Cu、Zn、Al、Sn、Cr、V、Ti、Mg、Ca、Sr、B、Ga、In、Si及びGeよりなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属)で表されるリチウム・コバルト複合酸化物が挙げられる。
なお、本開示では、タップ密度は、正極活物質粉体5~10gを10mlのガラス製メスシリンダーに入れ、ストローク約20mmで200回タップした時の粉体充填密度(タップ密度)g/cm3として求める。
上記正極活物質の粒子は、二次粒子の平均粒子径が40μm以下で、かつ、平均一次粒子径が1μm以下の微粒子を、0.5~7.0体積%含むものであることが好ましい。平均一次粒子径が1μm以下の微粒子を含有させることにより、電解液との接触面積が大きくなり、電極と電解液との間でのリチウムイオンの拡散をより速くすることができ、その結果、電池の出力性能を向上させることができる。
上記結着剤としては、電極製造時に使用する溶媒や電解液に対して安全な材料であれば、任意のものを使用することができ、例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリメチルメタクリレート、芳香族ポリアミド、キトサン、アルギン酸、ポリアクリル酸、ポリイミド、セルロース、ニトロセルロース等の樹脂系高分子;SBR(スチレン・ブタジエンゴム)、イソプレンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、フッ素ゴム、NBR(アクリロニトリル・ブタジエンゴム)、エチレン・プロピレンゴム等のゴム状高分子;スチレン・ブタジエン・スチレンブロック共重合体又はその水素添加物;EPDM(エチレン・プロピレン・ジエン三元共重合体)、スチレン・エチレン・ブタジエン・スチレン共重合体、スチレン・イソプレン・スチレンブロック共重合体又はその水素添加物等の熱可塑性エラストマー状高分子;シンジオタクチック-1,2-ポリブタジエン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体、プロピレン・α-オレフィン共重合体等の軟質樹脂状高分子;ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、フッ化ビニリデン共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン・エチレン共重合体等のフッ素系高分子;アルカリ金属イオン(特にリチウムイオン)のイオン伝導性を有する高分子組成物等が挙げられる。これらは、1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を任意の組み合わせ及び比率で併用してもよい。
負極は、負極活物質を含む負極活物質層と、集電体とから構成される。
また、Si又はSnを第一の構成元素とし、それに加えて第2、第3の構成元素を含む複合材料が挙げられる。第2の構成元素は、例えば、コバルト、鉄、マグネシウム、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、ニッケル、銅、亜鉛、ガリウム及びジルコニウムのうち少なくとも1種である。第3の構成元素は、例えば、ホウ素、炭素、アルミニウム及びリンのうち少なくとも1種である。
特に、高い電池容量及び優れた電池特性が得られることから、上記金属材料として、ケイ素又はスズの単体(微量の不純物を含んでよい)、SiOv(0<v≦2)、SnOw(0≦w≦2)、Si-Co-C複合材料、Si-Ni-C複合材料、Sn-Co-C複合材料、Sn-Ni-C複合材料が好ましい。
LixTiyMzO4
[式中、Mは、Na、K、Co、Al、Fe、Ti、Mg、Cr、Ga、Cu、Zn及びNbからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を表わす。]
で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
上記組成の中でも、
(i)1.2≦x≦1.4、1.5≦y≦1.7、z=0
(ii)0.9≦x≦1.1、1.9≦y≦2.1、z=0
(iii)0.7≦x≦0.9、2.1≦y≦2.3、z=0
の構造が、電池性能のバランスが良好なため特に好ましい。
水系溶媒としては、水、アルコール等が挙げられ、有機系溶媒としてはN-メチルピロリドン(NMP)、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミド、メチルエチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、酢酸メチル、アクリル酸メチル、ジエチルトリアミン、N,N-ジメチルアミノプロピルアミン、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)、トルエン、アセトン、ジエチルエーテル、ジメチルアセトアミド、ヘキサメチルホスファルアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、ベンゼン、キシレン、キノリン、ピリジン、メチルナフタレン、ヘキサン等が挙げられる。
本開示のリチウムイオン二次電池は、更に、セパレータを備えることが好ましい。
上記セパレータの材質や形状は、電解液に安定であり、かつ、保液性に優れていれば特に限定されず、公知のものを使用することができる。なかでも、本開示の電解液に対し安定な材料で形成された、樹脂、ガラス繊維、無機物等が用いられ、保液性に優れた多孔性シート又は不織布状の形態の物等を用いるのが好ましい。
電極群は、上記の正極板と負極板とを上記のセパレータを介してなる積層構造のもの、及び上記の正極板と負極板とを上記のセパレータを介して渦巻き状に捲回した構造のもののいずれでもよい。電極群の体積が電池内容積に占める割合(以下、電極群占有率と称する)は、通常40%以上であり、50%以上が好ましく、また、通常90%以下であり、80%以下が好ましい。
上記電気二重層キャパシタでは、正極及び負極の少なくとも一方は分極性電極であり、分極性電極及び非分極性電極としては特開平9-7896号公報に詳しく記載されている以下の電極が使用できる。
<2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、2-フルオロ-2-プロペン-1-オール(1.5g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的の2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステル(1.6g,10.6mmol,収率53%)を得た。
<2-フルオロアクリル酸2-プロピニルエステルの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、プロパルギルアルコール(1.1g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的の2-フルオロアクリル酸2-プロピニルエステル(1.6g,12.2mmol,収率61%)を得た。
<2-フルオロアクリル酸3-トリメチルシリル-2-プロピニルエステルの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、3-トリメチルシリル-2-プロピン-1-オール(2.6g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的の2-フルオロアクリル酸3-トリメチルシリル-2-プロピニルエステル(2.0g,10.0mmol,収率50%)を得た。
<N,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、ジアリルアミン(1.5g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的のN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミド(2.5g,14.8mmol,収率74%)を得た。
<N-アリル-N-tert-ブチル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、N-アリル-N-tert-ブチルアミン(2.3g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的のN-アリル-N-tert-ブチル-2-フルオロアクリルアミド(2.0g,10.8mmol,収率54%)を得た。
<N,N-ジエチル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、ジエチルアミン(1.5g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的のN,N-ジエチル-2-フルオロアクリルアミド(1.7g,11.6mmol,収率58%)を得た。
<2-フルオロ-N,N-ジイソプロピルアクリルアミドの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、ジイソプロピルアミン(2.0g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的の2-フルオロ-N,N-ジイソプロピルアクリルアミド(2.6g,15.0mmol,収率75%)を得た。
<2-フルオロ-1-ピロリジン-1-イル-プロペノンの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、ピロリジン(1.4g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的の2-フルオロ-1-ピロリジン-1-イル-プロペノン(1.7g,11.5mmol,収率58%)を得た。
<2-フルオロ-1-ピペリジン-1-イル-プロペノンの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、ピペリジン(1.7g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的の2-フルオロ-1-ピペリジン-1-イル-プロペノン(1.6g,10.0mmol,収率50%)を得た。
<2-フルオロ-1-モルホリン-4-イル-プロペノンの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、モルホリン(1.7g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的の2-フルオロ-1-モルホリン-4-イル-プロペノン(1.8g,11.2mmol,収率56%)を得た。
<N,N-ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2-フルオロアクリルアミドの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルアミン(2.0g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的のN,N-ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2-フルオロアクリルアミド(2.7g,10.7mmol,収率53%)を得た。
<2-フルオロアクリル酸メチルの製造>
窒素置換した反応容器にトリエチルアミン(2.4g,24.0mmol)、メタノール(0.6g,20.0mmol)、塩化メチレン16mLを加え、2-フルオロアクリロイルフルオリド(1.8g,20.0mmol)を塩化メチレン8mLに溶解した溶液を0℃で滴下した。この溶液を室温に戻して2時間撹拌した後、反応溶液に水を加えて洗浄し、濃縮後、蒸留して目的の2-フルオロアクリル酸メチル(1.9g,18.3mmol,収率92%)を得た。
実施例1~8
エチレンカーボネート(EC)とエチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)の混合物(体積比30:70)にLiPF6を1.0モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを表1に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。なお、各表中の各添加化合物の含有量は、最終的に得られる電解液に対する割合を示す。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸2-プロピニルエステルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸3-トリメチルシリル-2-プロピニルエステルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN-アリル-N-tert-ブチル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジエチル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-N,N-ジイソプロピルアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-1-ピロリジン-1-イル-プロペノンを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-1-ピペリジン-1-イル-プロペノンを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-1-モルホリン-4-イル-プロペノンを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸メチルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)とジメチルカーボネート(DMC)の混合物(体積比30:70)にLiPF6を1.0モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して、基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを表1に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)とプロピオン酸エチルの混合物(体積比30:70)にLiPF6を1.0モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して、基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを表1に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例21において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例1において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにアクリル酸メチルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N‐ジメチルアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例4において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN‐アリルアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
[正極の作製]
正極活物質としてのLi(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O290質量%と、導電材としてのアセチレンブラック5質量%と、結着剤としてのポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVdF)5質量%とを、N-メチルピロリドン溶媒中で混合して、スラリー化した。得られたスラリーを、予め導電助剤を塗布した厚さ15μmのアルミ箔の片面に塗布して、乾燥し、プレス機にてロールプレスしたものを、活物質層のサイズとして幅50mm、長さ30mm、及び幅5mm、長さ9mmの未塗工部を有する形状に切り出して正極とした。
炭素質材料(グラファイト)98質量部に、増粘剤及びバインダーとして、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウムの水性ディスパージョン(カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウムの濃度1質量%)1質量部及びスチレン-ブタジエンゴムの水性ディスパージョン(スチレン-ブタジエンゴムの濃度50質量%)1質量部を加え、ディスパーザーで混合してスラリー化した。得られたスラリーを厚さ10μmの銅箔に塗布して乾燥し、プレス機で圧延したものを、活物質層のサイズとして幅52mm、長さ32mm、及び幅5mm、長さ9mmの未塗工部を有する形状に切り出して負極とした。
上記の正極を厚さ20μmの微孔性ポリエチレンフィルム(セパレータ)を介して正極と負極を対向させ、上記で得られた非水電解液を注入し、上記非水電解液がセパレータ等に充分に浸透した後、封止し予備充電、エージングを行い、リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
[初期特性評価]
上記で製造したリチウムイオン二次電池を、板で挟み加圧した状態で、25℃において、0.2Cに相当する定電流で4.2Vまで充電した後、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電した。これを2サイクル行って電池を安定させ、3サイクル目は、0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電後、4.2Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施し、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電した。その後、4サイクル目に0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電後、4.2Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施し、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電し、初期放電容量を求めた。その後、0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電後、4.2Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施した。
ここで、1Cとは電池の基準容量を1時間で放電する電流値を表し、5Cとはその5倍の電流値を、0.1Cとはその1/10の電流値を、また0.2Cとはその1/5の電流値を表す。
初期特性評価が終了した二次電池を、85℃36時間の条件で高温保存した。電池を十分に冷却させた後、アルキメデス法により体積を測定し、保存前後の体積変化から発生したガス量を求めた。次に、25℃において0.5Cで3Vまで放電し、高温保存後の残存容量を測定し、下記式に基づき、容量維持率(%)を求めた。
(残存容量)/(初期放電容量)×100=容量維持率(%)
結果を表1に示す。
上記で製造したリチウムイオン二次電池を、板で挟み加圧した状態で、45℃において、1Cに相当する電流で4.2Vまで定電流-定電圧充電(以下、CC/CV充電と表記する。)(0.1Cカット)した後、1Cの定電流で3Vまで放電し、これを1サイクルとして、3サイクル目の放電容量から初期放電容量を求めた。ここで、1Cとは電池の基準容量を1時間で放電する電流値を表わし、例えば、0.2Cとはその1/5の電流値を表わす。再度サイクルを行い、200サイクル後の放電容量を測定した。初期放電容量に対する200サイクル後の放電容量の割合を求め、これをサイクル容量維持率(%)とした。
(200サイクル後の放電容量)÷(初期放電容量)×100=容量維持率(%)
結果を表1に示す。
実施例23
エチレンカーボネート(EC)とエチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)の混合物(体積比30:70)にLiPF6を1.2モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルとビニレンカーボネート(VC)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23おいて、VCの代わりにリチウムビスオキサラトボレート(LiBOB)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、VCの代わりにジフルオロリン酸リチウム(LiPO2F2)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、VCの代わりにフルオロスルホン酸リチウム(FSO3Li)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、VCの代わりに硫酸エチルリチウム(C2H5OSO3Li)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、VCの代わりにフルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、VCの代わりに4-(2,2,3,3,3-ペンタフルオロ-プロピル)-[1,3]ジオキソラン-2-オン(CF3CF2CH2-EC)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸2-プロピニルエステルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸3-トリメチルシリル-2-プロピニルエステルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例24において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例25において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例26において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例27において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例28において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例29において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN-アリル-N-tert-ブチル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジエチル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-N,N-ジイソプロピルアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-1-ピロリジン-1-イル-プロペノンを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-1-ピペリジン-1-イル-プロペノンを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-1-モルホリン-4-イル-プロペノンを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸メチルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
ECとEMCとプロピオン酸エチルの混合物(体積比30:40:30)にLiPF6を1.2モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルとビニレンカーボネート(VC)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例47おいて、VCの代わりにリチウムビスオキサラトボレート(LiBOB)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例47において、VCの代わりにジフルオロリン酸リチウム(LiPO2F2)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例47において、VCの代わりにフルオロスルホン酸リチウム(FSO3Li)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例47において、VCの代わりに硫酸エチルリチウム(C2H5OSO3Li)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例47において、VCの代わりにフルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例47において、VCの代わりに4-(2,2,3,3,3-ペンタフルオロ-プロピル)-[1,3]ジオキソラン-2-オン(CF3CF2CH2-EC)を表2に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例47~53において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例47~53において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-1-モルホリン-4-イル-プロペノンを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例28において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにアクリル酸メチルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N‐ジメチルアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例23において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN‐アリルアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例47において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例52において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例23~67及び比較例5~11に記載の非水電解液を用いる他は、実施例1と同様にして、リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
[初期特性評価]
上記で製造したリチウム二次電池を、板で挟み加圧した状態で、25℃において、0.2Cに相当する定電流で4.2Vまで充電した後、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電した。これを2サイクル行って電池を安定させ、3サイクル目は、0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電後、4.2Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施し、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電した。その後、4サイクル目に0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電後、4.2Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施し、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電し、初期放電容量を求めた。その後、0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電後、4.2Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施し、初期抵抗を測定した。
初期特性評価が終了した二次電池を、85℃36時間の条件で高温保存した。電池を十分に冷却させた後、アルキメデス法により体積を測定し、保存前後の体積変化から発生したガス量を求めた。次に、25℃において0.5Cで3Vまで放電し、高温保存後の残存容量を測定し、下記式に基づき、容量維持率(%)を求めた。更に0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電後、4.2Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施した後、0.5Cで3Vまで放電を行った。その後、0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電後、4.2Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施し、保存後の抵抗を測定し、下記式に基づき保存後の抵抗増加率(%)を求めた。
(残存容量)/(初期放電容量)×100=容量維持率(%)
(保存後の抵抗(Ω))/(初期抵抗(Ω))×100=保存後の抵抗増加率(%)
結果を表2に示す。
上記で製造したリチウムイオン二次電池を、板で挟み加圧した状態で、45℃において、1Cに相当する電流で4.2Vまで定電流-定電圧充電(以下、CC/CV充電と表記する。)(0.1Cカット)した後、1Cの定電流で3Vまで放電し、これを1サイクルとして、3サイクル目の放電容量から初期放電容量を求めた。ここで、1Cとは電池の基準容量を1時間で放電する電流値を表わし、例えば、0.2Cとはその1/5の電流値を表わす。再度サイクルを行い、200サイクル後の放電容量を測定した。初期放電容量に対する200サイクル後の放電容量の割合を求め、これをサイクル容量維持率(%)とした。
(200サイクル後の放電容量)÷(初期放電容量)×100=容量維持率(%)
結果を表2に示す。
実施例68
トリフルオロプロピレンカーボネートとメチル2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルカーボネートの混合物(体積比30:70)にLiPF6を1.0モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを表3に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
トリフルオロプロピレンカーボネートとジフルオロ酢酸メチルの混合物(体積比30:70)にLiPF6を1.0モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを表3に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)とメチル2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルカーボネートの混合物(体積比30:70)にLiPF6を1.0モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを表3に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)とジフルオロ酢酸メチルの混合物(体積比30:70)にLiPF6を1.0モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを表3に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)と3,3,3-トリフルオロプロピオン酸メチルの混合物(体積比30:70)にLiPF6を1.0モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを表3に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)と酢酸2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルの混合物(体積比30:70)にLiPF6を1.0モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを表3に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸2-プロピニルエステルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例73において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸2-プロピニルエステルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸3-トリメチルシリル-2-プロピニルエステルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例73において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸3-トリメチルシリル-2-プロピニルエステルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例68において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例69において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例70において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例72において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例73において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN-アリル-N-tert-ブチル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジエチル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-N,N-ジイソプロピルアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-1-ピロリジン-1-イル-プロペノンを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-1-ピペリジン-1-イル-プロペノンを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロ-1-モルホリン-4-イル-プロペノンを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりに2-フルオロアクリル酸メチルを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例68において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例69において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例70において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例71において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例72において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例73において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
実施例68~91及び比較例12~17に記載の非水電解液を用いる他は、実施例1と同様にして、リチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
[高温サイクル特性試験]
上記で製造したリチウムイオン二次電池を、板で挟み加圧した状態で、45℃において、1Cに相当する電流で4.35Vまで定電流-定電圧充電(以下、CC/CV充電と表記する。)(0.1Cカット)した後、1Cの定電流で3Vまで放電し、これを1サイクルとして、3サイクル目の放電容量から初期放電容量を求めた。ここで、1Cとは電池の基準容量を1時間で放電する電流値を表わし、例えば、0.2Cとはその1/5の電流値を表わす。再度サイクルを行い、200サイクル後の放電容量を測定した。電池を十分に冷却させた後、アルキメデス法により体積を測定し、サイクル前後の体積変化から発生したガス量を求めた。初期放電容量に対する200サイクル後の放電容量の割合を求め、これをサイクル容量維持率(%)とした。
(200サイクル後の放電容量)÷(初期放電容量)×100=容量維持率(%)
結果を表3に示す。
実施例92
フルオロエチレンカーボネート(FEC)とジフルオロ酢酸メチルの混合物(体積比20:80)にLiPF6を1.0モル/リットルの濃度となるように添加して基本電解液とした。更にこの基本電解液に2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを表4に記載の含有量となるよう添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例92において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ジアリル-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例92において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルの代わりにN,N-ビス(2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル)-2-フルオロアクリルアミドを添加して非水電解液を得た。
実施例92において、2-フルオロアクリル酸2-フルオロ-2-プロペニルエステルを添加せずに調製し、非水電解液を得た。
上記で製造したリチウム二次電池を、板で挟み加圧した状態で、25℃において、0.2Cに相当する定電流で4.35Vまで充電した後、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電した。これを2サイクル行って電池を安定させ、3サイクル目は、0.2Cの定電流で4.35Vまで充電後、4.35Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施し、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電した。その後、4サイクル目に0.2Cの定電流で4.35Vまで充電後、4.35Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施し、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電し、初期放電容量を求めた。その後、0.2Cの定電流で4.35Vまで充電後、4.35Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施し、初期抵抗を測定した。
初期特性評価が終了した二次電池を、60℃1週間の条件で高温保存した。電池を十分に冷却させた後、25℃において0.5Cで3Vまで放電し、更に0.2Cの定電流で4.35Vまで充電後、4.35Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施した後、0.5Cで3Vまで放電を行った。その後、0.2Cの定電流で4.35Vまで充電後、4.35Vの定電圧で電流値が0.05Cになるまで充電を実施し、保存後の抵抗を測定し、下記式に基づき保存後の抵抗増加率(%)を求めた。
(保存後の抵抗(Ω))/(初期抵抗(Ω))×100=保存後の抵抗増加率(%)
結果を表4に示す。
Claims (6)
- 下記一般式(1-1)及び(1-2)で表される化合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含むことを特徴とする電解液。
一般式(1-1):
(式中、R101は、フッ素化されていてもよい炭素数1~7のアルキル基、フッ素化されていてもよい炭素数2~8のアルケニル基、フッ素化されていてもよい炭素数2~9のアルキニル基、又は、フッ素化されていてもよい炭素数6~12のアリール基であり、構造中にO、Si、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。)
一般式(1-2):
(式中、R102及びR103は、(i)互いに独立に、H、F、フッ素化されていてもよい炭素数1~7のアルキル基、フッ素化されていてもよい炭素数2~7のアルケニル基、フッ素化されていてもよい炭素数2~9のアルキニル基又はフッ素化されていてもよい炭素数5~12のアリール基であるか、又は、(ii)互いに連結して窒素原子とともに5員又は6員の複素環を形成する炭化水素基である。R102及びR103は、構造中にO、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。) - 請求項1記載の電解液を備えることを特徴とする電気化学デバイス。
- 請求項1記載の電解液を備えることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 請求項2記載の電気化学デバイス、又は、請求項3記載のリチウムイオン二次電池を備えることを特徴とするモジュール。
- 下記一般式(12):
(式中、R112及びR113は、(i)互いに独立に、F、炭素数1~7の非フッ素化アルキル基、炭素数1~5のフッ素化アルキル基、フッ素化されていてもよい炭素数3~7のアルケニル基又はフッ素化されていてもよい炭素数3~7のアルキニル基であり、かつR112及びR113の少なくともどちらか一方がF、炭素数3~7の非フッ素化アルキル基、炭素数1~5のフッ素化アルキル基、フッ素化されていてもよい炭素数3~7のアルケニル基又はフッ素化されていてもよい炭素数3~7のアルキニル基であるか、又は、(ii)互いに連結して窒素原子とともに5員又は6員の複素環を形成する炭化水素基である。R112及びR113は、構造中にO、S及びNからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含んでいてもよい。)で表されることを特徴とする化合物。
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201980007334.2A CN111557061B (zh) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-01-09 | 电解液、电化学器件、锂离子二次电池及组件 |
| JP2019568954A JP6970358B2 (ja) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-01-09 | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール |
| US16/965,358 US12272789B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-01-09 | Electrolyte, electrochemical device, lithium ion secondary battery, and module |
| EP19747870.4A EP3731329A4 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-01-09 | ELECTROLYTE, ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE, LITHIUM-ION ACCUMULATOR AND MODULE |
| CN202311737331.9A CN117865841A (zh) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-01-09 | 电解液、电化学器件、锂离子二次电池及组件 |
| US19/031,004 US20250174720A1 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2025-01-17 | Electrolyte, electrochemical device, lithium ion secondary battery, and module |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018-014068 | 2018-01-30 | ||
| JP2018014068 | 2018-01-30 |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US16/965,358 A-371-Of-International US12272789B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-01-09 | Electrolyte, electrochemical device, lithium ion secondary battery, and module |
| US19/031,004 Division US20250174720A1 (en) | 2018-01-30 | 2025-01-17 | Electrolyte, electrochemical device, lithium ion secondary battery, and module |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2019150895A1 true WO2019150895A1 (ja) | 2019-08-08 |
Family
ID=67479015
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2019/000366 Ceased WO2019150895A1 (ja) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-01-09 | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US12272789B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3731329A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6970358B2 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN117865841A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2019150895A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020129473A (ja) * | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-27 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 非水系電解液及び非水系二次電池 |
| JPWO2021070717A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-07 | 2021-04-15 | ||
| US20230327076A1 (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2023-10-12 | Google Llc | Lithium ion battery with composite electrodes |
| JP2023550220A (ja) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-12-01 | 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司 | 電解液、二次電池及び電力消費装置 |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6974767B2 (ja) | 2018-01-30 | 2021-12-01 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール |
| JP7289367B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-28 | 2023-06-09 | 東友ファインケム株式会社 | 化合物、それを含むリチウム二次電池用電解質およびリチウム二次電池 |
| CN111138596B (zh) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-09-30 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | 聚合物电解质及包括该聚合物电解质的锂离子电池 |
| US20210336296A1 (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-10-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Electrolyte compositions for rechargeable metal halide battery |
| CN112349961B (zh) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-09-24 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | 电解液及包含其的电化学装置和电子设备 |
| CN112510259B (zh) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-04-22 | 张家港市国泰华荣化工新材料有限公司 | 一种非水电解液及锂电池 |
| CN113140411A (zh) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-07-20 | 中南大学 | 一种高电压锂离子电容器的电解液 |
| CN113745662A (zh) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 一种阻燃型宽温域电解液及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN114361590B (zh) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-07-25 | 松山湖材料实验室 | 锂离子电池电解液添加剂、电解液及其锂离子电池 |
| CN115986206A (zh) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-04-18 | 安徽法恩莱特新能源科技有限公司 | 一种含三氟丙烯酸甲酯的高电压快充锂离子电池电解液 |
| CN117461183A (zh) * | 2023-06-01 | 2024-01-26 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 锂二次电池用电解液、二次电池和用电设备 |
| CN119581667A (zh) * | 2024-12-17 | 2025-03-07 | 远景动力技术(江苏)有限公司 | 一种锂离子电池电解液及其应用 |
Citations (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6395207A (ja) * | 1986-10-09 | 1988-04-26 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 気体分離膜 |
| JPH02169018A (ja) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-06-29 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 含ケイ素―α―ハロゲノアクリル単量体、含ケイ素―α―ハロゲノアクリル重合体及び該重合体からなる気体分離膜 |
| JPH04506726A (ja) | 1990-03-29 | 1992-11-19 | ドウティー エレクトロニック コンポーネンツ リミテッド | 電池及びその製造方法 |
| JPH0845545A (ja) | 1994-04-22 | 1996-02-16 | Saft (Soc Accumulateurs Fixes Traction) Sa | 炭素アノードを有するリチウム蓄電池 |
| JPH08507407A (ja) | 1993-03-05 | 1996-08-06 | ベル コミュニケーションズ リサーチ インコーポレーテッド | ハイブリッド重合体電解質を用いた再充電可能リチウム挿入電池 |
| JPH08222270A (ja) | 1994-12-13 | 1996-08-30 | Japan Energy Corp | イオン伝導体 |
| JPH097896A (ja) | 1995-06-16 | 1997-01-10 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
| WO1998015024A1 (en) | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-09 | National Research Council Of Canada | Electrolyte comprising fluoro-ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, for alkali metal-ion secondary battery |
| JPH10294131A (ja) | 1997-04-18 | 1998-11-04 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | ポリマー電解質を有するリチウム電池 |
| JPH1135765A (ja) | 1997-07-24 | 1999-02-09 | Sharp Corp | 高分子固体電解質とその製造方法 |
| JPH1186630A (ja) | 1997-09-16 | 1999-03-30 | Yuasa Corp | ゲル電解質 |
| JP2000200623A (ja) * | 1999-01-06 | 2000-07-18 | Reiko Udagawa | 含フッ素高分子電解質を有するリチウム電池 |
| JP2001185212A (ja) | 1999-12-22 | 2001-07-06 | Tonen Chem Corp | 非水電解液及び該電解液を含む電池 |
| JP2002100405A (ja) | 2000-09-20 | 2002-04-05 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | ゲル状高分子固体電解質用樹脂組成物およびゲル状高分子固体電解質 |
| JP2003086246A (ja) | 2001-09-13 | 2003-03-20 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 非水系電解液二次電池 |
| JP2003241381A (ja) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-08-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ポジ型レジスト組成物 |
| WO2004036599A1 (ja) * | 2002-10-03 | 2004-04-29 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | 含フッ素エーテル鎖を含む含フッ素ポリマーからなる固体電解質 |
| WO2004059664A1 (ja) * | 2002-12-25 | 2004-07-15 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | 含フッ素エーテル鎖を含む含フッ素ポリマーからなる固体電解質 |
| JP2004301934A (ja) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-28 | Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置の製造方法 |
| JP2005115359A (ja) * | 2003-09-16 | 2005-04-28 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光学機能フィルム、反射防止フィルム、偏光板、及び画像表示装置 |
Family Cites Families (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3846507B2 (ja) | 1995-03-10 | 2006-11-15 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | チタン触媒、有機チタン反応試剤及びそれらの製造法並びにそれらを用いた反応方法 |
| CA2305384A1 (en) | 1997-10-02 | 1999-04-15 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Mixtures with special softening agents suited as a solid electrolyte or separator for electrochemical cells |
| JP3560840B2 (ja) | 1999-02-09 | 2004-09-02 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 2−トリアルキルシリル2,2−ジフルオロ酢酸エステルの製造方法 |
| JP4586388B2 (ja) | 2004-03-19 | 2010-11-24 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 非水電解液及びリチウムイオン二次電池、並びにフッ素含有エステル化合物 |
| KR101158143B1 (ko) | 2004-05-28 | 2012-06-19 | 우베 고산 가부시키가이샤 | 비수 전해액 및 그것을 이용한 리튬 2차 전지 |
| KR100872258B1 (ko) | 2004-12-24 | 2008-12-05 | 파나소닉 주식회사 | 2차전지용 비수전해질 및 그것을 포함하는 2차전지 |
| JP4285407B2 (ja) | 2005-01-07 | 2009-06-24 | 宇部興産株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用非水電解液及び非水電解液二次電池 |
| JP5412705B2 (ja) | 2006-04-27 | 2014-02-12 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 非水系電解液及びそれを用いた非水系電解液二次電池 |
| KR20140116154A (ko) * | 2011-12-28 | 2014-10-01 | 우베 고산 가부시키가이샤 | 비수 전해액 및 그것을 이용한 축전 디바이스 |
| GB2508218A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-05-28 | Leclanch S A | Electrode for the reduction of gassing in lithium titanate cells |
| JP2014137843A (ja) * | 2013-01-15 | 2014-07-28 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | 電極保護膜形成剤 |
| CN104919641A (zh) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-09-16 | 宇部兴产株式会社 | 非水电解液以及使用了该非水电解液的蓄电设备 |
| CN105428716A (zh) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-23 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | 一种锂离子电池电解液及含有该电解液的锂离子电池 |
| CN105449283B (zh) | 2015-12-25 | 2018-01-09 | 中南大学 | 一种高电压锂离子电池用电解液 |
| CN106920991A (zh) | 2015-12-25 | 2017-07-04 | 张家港市国泰华荣化工新材料有限公司 | 一种提高浸润性的锂电池电解液及锂电池 |
| MX2019001629A (es) | 2016-08-12 | 2019-09-16 | Pellion Tech Inc | Aditivo que contiene electrolitos para baterías recargables de ánodo de metal de alta eficiencia energética. |
| CN108206299B (zh) | 2016-12-19 | 2020-10-09 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池及其电解液 |
| JP6779775B2 (ja) | 2016-12-26 | 2020-11-04 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池、及び、モジュール |
| CN110495041A (zh) | 2017-08-07 | 2019-11-22 | 大金工业株式会社 | 电解液、电化学器件、锂离子二次电池和组件 |
| KR102264735B1 (ko) | 2017-09-21 | 2021-06-15 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 리튬 이차전지용 비수전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| JP6974767B2 (ja) | 2018-01-30 | 2021-12-01 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール |
| CN111937215B (zh) * | 2018-03-27 | 2024-04-19 | 大金工业株式会社 | 电解液、电化学器件、锂离子二次电池以及组件 |
| WO2019207983A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-31 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール |
| PL3780231T3 (pl) * | 2018-05-14 | 2023-02-06 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Elektrolit, urządzenie elektrochemiczne, litowo-jonowa bateria akumulatorowa oraz moduł |
| US11233272B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2022-01-25 | Nio Usa, Inc. | Zero flammability electrolyte for lithium-ion cell |
| CN112510259B (zh) | 2020-11-25 | 2022-04-22 | 张家港市国泰华荣化工新材料有限公司 | 一种非水电解液及锂电池 |
-
2019
- 2019-01-09 CN CN202311737331.9A patent/CN117865841A/zh active Pending
- 2019-01-09 EP EP19747870.4A patent/EP3731329A4/en active Pending
- 2019-01-09 WO PCT/JP2019/000366 patent/WO2019150895A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2019-01-09 CN CN201980007334.2A patent/CN111557061B/zh active Active
- 2019-01-09 JP JP2019568954A patent/JP6970358B2/ja active Active
- 2019-01-09 US US16/965,358 patent/US12272789B2/en active Active
-
2025
- 2025-01-17 US US19/031,004 patent/US20250174720A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6395207A (ja) * | 1986-10-09 | 1988-04-26 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 気体分離膜 |
| JPH02169018A (ja) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-06-29 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 含ケイ素―α―ハロゲノアクリル単量体、含ケイ素―α―ハロゲノアクリル重合体及び該重合体からなる気体分離膜 |
| JPH04506726A (ja) | 1990-03-29 | 1992-11-19 | ドウティー エレクトロニック コンポーネンツ リミテッド | 電池及びその製造方法 |
| JPH08507407A (ja) | 1993-03-05 | 1996-08-06 | ベル コミュニケーションズ リサーチ インコーポレーテッド | ハイブリッド重合体電解質を用いた再充電可能リチウム挿入電池 |
| JPH0845545A (ja) | 1994-04-22 | 1996-02-16 | Saft (Soc Accumulateurs Fixes Traction) Sa | 炭素アノードを有するリチウム蓄電池 |
| JPH08222270A (ja) | 1994-12-13 | 1996-08-30 | Japan Energy Corp | イオン伝導体 |
| JPH097896A (ja) | 1995-06-16 | 1997-01-10 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
| WO1998015024A1 (en) | 1996-10-03 | 1998-04-09 | National Research Council Of Canada | Electrolyte comprising fluoro-ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, for alkali metal-ion secondary battery |
| JPH10294131A (ja) | 1997-04-18 | 1998-11-04 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | ポリマー電解質を有するリチウム電池 |
| JPH1135765A (ja) | 1997-07-24 | 1999-02-09 | Sharp Corp | 高分子固体電解質とその製造方法 |
| JPH1186630A (ja) | 1997-09-16 | 1999-03-30 | Yuasa Corp | ゲル電解質 |
| JP2000200623A (ja) * | 1999-01-06 | 2000-07-18 | Reiko Udagawa | 含フッ素高分子電解質を有するリチウム電池 |
| JP2001185212A (ja) | 1999-12-22 | 2001-07-06 | Tonen Chem Corp | 非水電解液及び該電解液を含む電池 |
| JP2002100405A (ja) | 2000-09-20 | 2002-04-05 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | ゲル状高分子固体電解質用樹脂組成物およびゲル状高分子固体電解質 |
| JP2003086246A (ja) | 2001-09-13 | 2003-03-20 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 非水系電解液二次電池 |
| JP2003241381A (ja) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-08-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ポジ型レジスト組成物 |
| WO2004036599A1 (ja) * | 2002-10-03 | 2004-04-29 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | 含フッ素エーテル鎖を含む含フッ素ポリマーからなる固体電解質 |
| WO2004059664A1 (ja) * | 2002-12-25 | 2004-07-15 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | 含フッ素エーテル鎖を含む含フッ素ポリマーからなる固体電解質 |
| JP2004301934A (ja) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-28 | Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology Co Ltd | 液晶表示装置の製造方法 |
| JP2005115359A (ja) * | 2003-09-16 | 2005-04-28 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光学機能フィルム、反射防止フィルム、偏光板、及び画像表示装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| ITO, HISANAKA ET AL.: "Asymmetric Diels–Alder reactions of 2-fluoroacrylic acid derivatives. Part 1: The construction of fluorine substituted chiral tertiary carbon", TETRAHEDRON : ASYMMETRY, vol. 9, no. 11, 1998, pages 1979 - 1987, XP004131285, ISSN: 0957-4166, DOI: 10.1016/S0957-4166(98)00195-5 * |
| SAITO, AKIO ET AL.: "Intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction of α-fluoroacrylate derivatives promoted by novel bidentate aluminum Lewis acid", JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY, vol. 126, no. 5, 2005, pages 709 - 714, XP055627852, DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2005.01.019 * |
| See also references of EP3731329A4 |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020129473A (ja) * | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-27 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 非水系電解液及び非水系二次電池 |
| JPWO2021070717A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-07 | 2021-04-15 | ||
| CN114556658A (zh) * | 2019-10-07 | 2022-05-27 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 非水电解液及非水电解质二次电池 |
| EP4044311A4 (en) * | 2019-10-07 | 2023-07-26 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | NON-AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION AND NON-AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY |
| CN114556658B (zh) * | 2019-10-07 | 2024-05-28 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 非水电解液及非水电解质二次电池 |
| JP2025092781A (ja) * | 2019-10-07 | 2025-06-19 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 非水系電解液及び非水系電解液二次電池 |
| US20230327076A1 (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2023-10-12 | Google Llc | Lithium ion battery with composite electrodes |
| JP2023550220A (ja) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-12-01 | 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司 | 電解液、二次電池及び電力消費装置 |
| JP2025023987A (ja) * | 2021-10-15 | 2025-02-19 | 香港時代新能源科技有限公司 | 電解液、二次電池及び電力消費装置 |
| US12500273B2 (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2025-12-16 | Contemporary Amperex Technology (Hong Kong) Limited | Electrolytic solution, secondary battery, and power consumption apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US12272789B2 (en) | 2025-04-08 |
| CN117865841A (zh) | 2024-04-12 |
| CN111557061B (zh) | 2024-01-05 |
| JPWO2019150895A1 (ja) | 2020-09-24 |
| US20210399340A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 |
| EP3731329A4 (en) | 2021-09-08 |
| US20250174720A1 (en) | 2025-05-29 |
| JP6970358B2 (ja) | 2021-11-24 |
| CN111557061A (zh) | 2020-08-18 |
| EP3731329A1 (en) | 2020-10-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6970358B2 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP7201943B2 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池、モジュール及び化合物 | |
| JP7161122B2 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP7364946B2 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP7116351B2 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JPWO2019031315A1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP6954461B2 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP6451892B1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| WO2019188207A1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池、モジュール及び化合物 | |
| WO2019159703A1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JPWO2019039130A1 (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池用電解液、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| WO2019220764A1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP2022122846A (ja) | 化合物、組成物、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JPWO2019082543A1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| WO2019220829A1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| WO2019208246A1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP2019087497A (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP2019185979A (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP2019175774A (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP2019114419A (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP2019087498A (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| JP6962383B2 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| WO2019181240A1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| WO2019138815A1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール | |
| WO2019102782A1 (ja) | 電解液、電気化学デバイス、リチウムイオン二次電池及びモジュール |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 19747870 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019568954 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019747870 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20200722 |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 16965358 Country of ref document: US |