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WO2019150501A1 - Matériau de frottement, composition de matériau de frottement et élément de frottement - Google Patents

Matériau de frottement, composition de matériau de frottement et élément de frottement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019150501A1
WO2019150501A1 PCT/JP2018/003257 JP2018003257W WO2019150501A1 WO 2019150501 A1 WO2019150501 A1 WO 2019150501A1 JP 2018003257 W JP2018003257 W JP 2018003257W WO 2019150501 A1 WO2019150501 A1 WO 2019150501A1
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Prior art keywords
mass
friction material
friction
content
material composition
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PCT/JP2018/003257
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
蔵 藤岡
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Resonac Corp
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Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/JP2018/003257 priority Critical patent/WO2019150501A1/fr
Priority to JP2019568486A priority patent/JPWO2019150501A1/ja
Publication of WO2019150501A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019150501A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a friction material, a friction material composition, and a friction member.
  • friction materials such as disc brake pads and brake linings are used for braking. These friction materials play a role of braking by friction with a disk rotor, a brake drum, or the like which is a counterpart material. For this reason, friction materials not only require an appropriate coefficient of friction (effectiveness characteristics) according to the conditions of use, but also make it difficult for brake noise to occur (squeal characteristics), and the friction material has a long life (wear resistance). Etc. are required.
  • Friction materials include semi-metallic materials containing 30 to 60% by mass of steel fibers as a fiber base material, raw steel materials containing less than 30% by mass of steel fibers, and NAO (Non-Asbestos Organic) materials that do not contain steel fibers. Broadly divided. However, friction materials containing a small amount of steel fibers may be classified as NAO materials.
  • NAO material does not contain steel fibers, it has a feature that it is less aggressive to the disk rotor as the counterpart material than semi-metallic material and low steel material. Because of these advantages, NAO materials that are effective in Japan, the United States, etc., and have a good balance between squealing and wear resistance, are currently mainstream. On the other hand, in Europe, low steel materials were often used from the viewpoint of maintaining a friction coefficient during high-speed braking, but in recent years, NAO materials are less prone to tire wheel dirt and brake noise in order to respond to a higher-grade market. Are increasingly being used.
  • the NAO material generally contains copper in a powder or fiber state.
  • friction materials containing copper, copper alloys, and the like contain copper in wear powder generated during braking, and thus have been suggested to possibly contaminate rivers, lakes, and the like. For this reason, in California, Washington, etc. in the United States, there is a bill that prohibits the sale of friction materials containing more than 5% by mass of copper after 2021, and the addition of 0.5% by mass of copper after 2023, and the assembly into new cars. In response to this, there is an urgent need to develop a NAO material that does not contain copper or has a low copper content.
  • One of the typical functions of copper is to impart thermal conductivity. Since copper has high thermal conductivity, wear caused by excessive temperature rise is suppressed by diffusing heat generated during braking from the friction interface.
  • the second typical function of copper is protection of the friction interface during high-temperature braking. Since copper has high ductility and malleability, it extends to the friction material surface by braking to form a coating. As a result, it is possible to reduce friction material wear during high-speed and high-temperature braking and to develop a stable friction coefficient. Further, since the copper spreading film can easily hold the abrasive, a good friction coefficient can be expressed even in the low-speed and low-temperature braking region. Therefore, in order to develop a NAO material that does not contain copper or has a low copper content, a copper replacement technique is required from the viewpoints of improving the thermal conductivity, protecting the interface, and holding the abrasive. .
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 In such a movement, friction materials that do not contain copper or have a low copper content are being studied (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
  • JP2015-205959A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-059125
  • a typical example of the friction coefficient variation is a decrease in the friction coefficient in a low-speed and low-temperature braking region in a friction material that does not contain copper.
  • the friction material not containing copper it is difficult to form a transfer film on the surface of the disk rotor in the low-speed and low-temperature braking region, and it is difficult to exhibit the effect of holding the abrasive.
  • the aggressiveness to the disk rotor due to the grinding action and the shear drag generated between the iron component derived from the disk rotor and the disk rotor are reduced, so that the friction coefficient tends to be lower than in the normal case.
  • the braking distance becomes long and the braking force is reduced, so that the driver's comfort is impaired.
  • an increase in the coefficient of friction variation during one braking in low-speed low-temperature braking is a typical example in which the coefficient of friction varies.
  • the friction material containing no copper has a low ability to discharge wear powder generated during braking, and the wear powder tends to accumulate at the friction interface between the friction material and the disk rotor.
  • the powder resistance at the friction interface is increased, and the coefficient of variation of the friction coefficient is increased.
  • problems such as squealing occur when the brake is applied and the driver's comfort is impaired.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 focus only on the high thermal conductivity and high-temperature lubricity of copper, and only complement the friction characteristics during high-speed and high-temperature braking.
  • the stability of the friction coefficient in the low-speed low-temperature braking region and other friction characteristics are not taken into consideration.
  • the present invention does not contain copper, or even if it contains copper, the content thereof is 0.5% by mass or less as a copper element, and the composition is low in environmental and human harm, and is excellent in a low-speed low-temperature braking region. It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction material, a friction material composition, and a friction member using the friction material that achieve both stability of the friction coefficient and an excellent friction coefficient in a normal braking range.
  • the present inventor has found that a friction material containing a specific inorganic fiber in a specific ratio is stable in the low-temperature low-temperature braking region and in the normal braking region. It has been found that the friction coefficient is highly compatible. That is, the present invention relates to the following [1] to [21]. [1] Even if copper is not included or the content thereof is a friction material of 0.5 mass% or less as a copper element, the inorganic fiber (X1) having biosolubility is 100 mass of the total friction material. % Friction material containing 5.0 mass% or more and less than 10.0 mass%.
  • the friction material according to [3], wherein the inorganic fiber (X2) has a calcium oxide content of 15 to 30% by mass and a magnesium oxide content of 3 to 20% by mass.
  • the above [12] to [12] further containing 4 to 10% by weight of zirconium silicate having an average particle size of 0.4 to 2 ⁇ m as an inorganic filler with respect to 100% by weight of the total amount of the friction material composition. 16].
  • the inorganic filler contains non-acicular titanate having an average particle diameter of 2 to 50 ⁇ m in an amount of 15 to 25% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total amount of the friction material composition.
  • copper does not contain, or even if contained, the content is 0.5% by mass or less as a copper element, and the composition is low in environmental and human harm, and is excellent in a low-speed low-temperature braking region. It is possible to provide a friction material, a friction material composition, and a friction member using the friction material, which have both the stability of the friction coefficient and the excellent friction coefficient in the normal braking range.
  • the friction material, friction material composition, and friction member of this embodiment are explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to the following embodiment.
  • the friction material and friction material composition of this embodiment do not contain asbestos, and are a so-called non-asbestos friction material and non-asbestos friction material composition.
  • the friction material according to the first embodiment of the present invention does not contain copper, or even if it contains copper, the content of the friction material is 0.5 mass% or less as a copper element, and is an inorganic fiber having biosolubility.
  • (X1) is a friction material containing 5.0% by mass or more and less than 10.0% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total amount of the friction material.
  • the friction material according to the second embodiment of the present invention does not contain copper, or even if it contains copper, the content is a friction material of 0.5 mass% or less as a copper element, and contains calcium oxide and magnesium oxide.
  • friction material of this embodiment it refers to both the friction material according to the first embodiment and the friction material according to the second embodiment.
  • the friction material of this embodiment does not contain copper, the content is 0.5 mass% or less as a copper element, and is very trace amount. For this reason, the friction material of this embodiment becomes a thing with a low environmental hazard and a human body hazard.
  • said "copper” is copper element contained in copper, such as a fiber form and a powder form; copper alloy, a copper compound, etc.
  • "copper content” is content with respect to 100 mass% of friction material whole quantity. Show.
  • the copper content is preferably less than 0.5% by mass, more preferably 0.3% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.1% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total amount of the friction material, from the viewpoints of environmental hazards and human injury. % Or less is more preferable, and it is particularly preferable not to contain copper.
  • the friction material of this embodiment contains 1 or more types selected from the group which consists of a fiber base material, an inorganic filler, an organic filler, and a binder.
  • the friction material of this embodiment contains 1 or more types selected from the group which consists of a fiber base material, an inorganic filler, an organic filler, and a binder.
  • the friction material according to the first embodiment uses, as a fiber base material, an inorganic fiber (X1) having biosolubility (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “inorganic fiber (X1)”) relative to 100 mass% of the total amount of the friction material. 5.0 mass% or more and less than 10.0 mass%.
  • the friction material according to the second embodiment includes, as a fiber base material, inorganic fibers (X2) containing calcium oxide and magnesium oxide (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “inorganic fibers (X2)”). To 5.0% by mass to less than 10.0% by mass.
  • the inorganic fiber (X1) and the inorganic fiber (X2) may be the same or different.
  • inorganic fiber (X1) and inorganic fiber (X2) may be used individually by 1 type, respectively, and may use 2 or more types together.
  • inorganic fibers (X) the description common to the inorganic fibers (X1) and the inorganic fibers (X2) will be referred to as “inorganic fibers (X)”.
  • the inorganic fiber (X1) is an inorganic fiber having biosolubility.
  • the term “inorganic fiber having biosolubility” as used herein means that it is characterized in that even when it is taken into the human body, it is partially decomposed in a short time and discharged outside the body, and examples thereof include biosoluble mineral fibers. .
  • the chemical composition is alkali oxide, alkaline earth oxide total amount (total amount of oxides of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, barium) is 18% by mass or more, and in a short-term biopermanent test by respiration, Inorganic fibers satisfying a mass half-life of fibers of 20 ⁇ m or more within 40 days, or no evidence of excessive carcinogenicity in intraperitoneal tests, or related pathogenicity and tumor development in long-term respiratory tests (EU Directive 97/69 / EC NotaQ (exclusion of carcinogenicity)).
  • examples of such inorganic fibers (X1) include SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 —CaO—MgO—FeO—Na 2 O-based fibers, and the like.
  • the inorganic fiber (X1) preferably has a composition of an inorganic fiber (X2) described later.
  • the inorganic fiber (X2) is an inorganic fiber containing calcium oxide (hereinafter also referred to as “CaO”) and magnesium oxide (hereinafter also referred to as “MgO”).
  • the “inorganic fiber containing CaO and MgO” means an inorganic fiber containing CaO and MgO as components constituting one fiber, and the same applies to each component other than CaO and MgO described later. It is.
  • content of each component in the following inorganic fiber (X2) is content based on 100 mass% of inorganic fiber (X2) whole quantity.
  • the CaO content in the inorganic fibers (X2) is preferably 15 to 30% by mass, more preferably 17 to 25% by mass, and further preferably 18 to 22% by mass.
  • the content of MgO in the inorganic fiber (X2) is preferably 3 to 20% by mass, more preferably 4 to 15% by mass, and further preferably 5 to 8% by mass.
  • the total content of CaO and MgO in the inorganic fiber (X2) is preferably 18 to 40% by mass, more preferably 22 to 35% by mass, and further preferably 25 to 30% by mass.
  • the inorganic fiber (X2) preferably contains other oxides other than CaO and MgO.
  • other oxides include SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Na 2 O, K 2 O, TiO 2 , P 2 O 5 , MnO, Fe 2 O 3 and the like.
  • it preferably contains SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, Fe 2 O 3.
  • Inorganic fibers (X2) is, when it contains one or more selected from the group consisting of SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3, the content in the inorganic fibers (X2) in are as follows .
  • the content of SiO 2 is preferably 30 to 50% by mass, more preferably 35 to 47% by mass, and further preferably 40 to 45% by mass.
  • the content of Al 2 O 3 is preferably 10 to 30% by mass, more preferably 13 to 25% by mass, and further preferably 15 to 20% by mass.
  • the content of Fe 2 O 3 is preferably 1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 2 to 9% by mass, and further preferably 4 to 8% by mass.
  • the total content of CaO, MgO, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 in the inorganic fiber (X2) is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 93% by mass or more, and further more preferably 95% by mass or more. preferable. Further, the total content may be 100% by mass or less, 98% by mass or less, or 97% by mass or less.
  • the inorganic fiber (X2) further contains one or more selected from the group consisting of Na 2 O, K 2 O, TiO 2 , P 2 O 5 and MnO
  • its inclusion in the inorganic fiber (X2) The amounts are as follows.
  • the content of Na 2 O is preferably 1 to 5% by mass, more preferably 1.5 to 4% by mass, and still more preferably 2 to 3% by mass.
  • the content of K 2 O is preferably 0.1 to 1.5% by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 1.2% by mass, and further preferably 0.4 to 0.8% by mass.
  • the content of TiO 2 is preferably 0.2 to 3% by mass, more preferably 0.7 to 2% by mass, and further preferably 1 to 1.5% by mass.
  • the content of P 2 O 5 is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by mass, and further preferably 0.15 to 0.3% by mass.
  • the content of MnO is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by mass, and further preferably 0.07 to 0.2% by mass.
  • the total content of one or more selected from the group consisting of Na 2 O, K 2 O, TiO 2 , P 2 O 5 and MnO in the inorganic fiber (X2) is preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, It is more preferably 2 to 7% by mass, and further preferably 3 to 5% by mass.
  • the contents of CaO, MgO and other oxides in the inorganic fiber (X) can be measured by fluorescent X-ray analysis. Moreover, content of the said oxide can be made into content of each oxide converted from content of atoms other than oxygen which forms an oxide.
  • the average fiber length of the inorganic fiber (X) is preferably from 100 to 800 ⁇ m, more preferably from 140 to 500 ⁇ m, still more preferably from 170 to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the average fiber diameter of the inorganic fiber (X) is preferably 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 8 ⁇ m, and further preferably 3 to 6 ⁇ m.
  • the stability of the friction coefficient can be improved without causing adverse effects such as a significant increase in rotor attack.
  • the average fiber length and the average fiber diameter mean a number average fiber length or a number average fiber diameter indicating an average value of the length or diameter of the corresponding fiber.
  • the average fiber length of 200 ⁇ m indicates that 50 fibers used as a raw material of the friction material composition are randomly selected, the fiber length is measured with an optical microscope, and the average value is 200 ⁇ m.
  • Content of the inorganic fiber (X) in the friction material of this embodiment is 5.0 mass% or more and less than 10.0 mass% with respect to 100 mass% of friction material whole quantity.
  • content of the inorganic fiber (X) is in the above range, high friction coefficient stability is obtained in the low-speed and low-temperature braking region, the coefficient of friction fluctuation during one braking is reduced, and excellent friction is obtained in the normal braking region. A coefficient is obtained.
  • the content of the inorganic fiber (X) is less than 5.0% by mass, the coefficient of friction variation during one braking is increased, although the coefficient of friction stability in the low-speed and low-temperature braking region is ensured.
  • the content of the inorganic fiber (X) in the friction material of the present embodiment is preferably 5.0 to 9.9% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material, and 7.0 to 9 0.7% by mass is more preferable, and 8.5 to 9.5% by mass is more preferable.
  • the friction material of this embodiment contains 1 or more types selected from the group which consists of organic fiber, another inorganic fiber, and metal fiber besides inorganic fiber (X). These fiber base materials exhibit a reinforcing action in the friction material.
  • organic fiber, other inorganic fiber, and metal fiber may be used individually by 1 type, respectively, and may use 2 or more types together.
  • the friction material of this embodiment does not contain the metal fiber from the viewpoint of not excessively increasing the aggressiveness to the disk rotor which is the counterpart material, or the content thereof is 100% by mass of the total friction material. The content is preferably 0.5% by mass or less.
  • organic fibers examples include aramid fibers, acrylic fibers, and cellulose fibers. Among these, an aramid fiber is preferable from the viewpoints of heat resistance, a reinforcing effect, and appropriate provision of voids.
  • the aramid fiber can use the well-known thing currently used for the friction material.
  • the average fiber length of the organic fibers is, for example, 650 to 1500 ⁇ m, and preferably 1000 to 1300 ⁇ m. The method for measuring the average fiber length is the same as described above.
  • the friction material of the present embodiment contains organic fibers, the content thereof is preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 5% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material, and 2 to 2%. More preferably, 4% by mass.
  • inorganic fibers examples include ceramic fibers, biodegradable ceramic fibers, mineral fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, and potassium titanate fibers.
  • ceramic fiber and carbon fiber from the viewpoint of toughness of the inorganic fiber.
  • the friction material of this embodiment may not contain other inorganic fibers according to the desired performance.
  • metal fiber is not included in the definition of inorganic fiber.
  • the total content of the fiber base material in the friction material of the present embodiment is preferably 6 to 20% by mass, more preferably 7 to 17% by mass, and 8 to 15% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material. Further preferred. When the total content of the fiber base is within the above range, higher friction coefficient stability is obtained in the low-speed and low-temperature braking region and the normal braking region.
  • the friction material of the present embodiment preferably contains an inorganic filler.
  • the inorganic filler include titanate, wollastonite, metal powder, graphite, various oxides used as an abrasive, and other inorganic fillers.
  • An inorganic filler may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
  • the friction material of the present embodiment does not contain metal powder from the viewpoint of not excessively increasing the aggressiveness to the disk rotor as the counterpart material, or the content thereof is 100% by mass of the total friction material. The content is preferably 0.5% by mass or less.
  • titanate The friction material of this embodiment preferably contains titanate as an inorganic filler. Since titanate has a low Mohs hardness of about 4 and a relatively high melting point of 1000 ° C. or higher, an increase in wear of the friction material can be reduced by interposing at the friction interface during high-speed high-temperature braking.
  • titanates include 6 potassium titanate, 8 potassium titanate, lithium potassium titanate, magnesium potassium titanate, and sodium titanate. Of these, potassium hexatitanate and potassium potassium titanate are preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the friction coefficient in the low-speed low-temperature braking region.
  • One titanate may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination. From the viewpoint of wear resistance during high-speed high-temperature braking, one type of titanate may be used alone. preferable.
  • the titanate is preferably not acicular from the viewpoint of human harm. That is, it is preferable that the friction material of this embodiment contains non-acicular titanate.
  • a non-acicular titanate means a plate-like titanate having a polygonal shape, a circle shape, an ellipse shape, or the like, or an indefinite shape titanate.
  • the average particle size of titanate is preferably 2 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 2.2 to 40 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 2.5 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle diameter in this specification means a median diameter (D50) and can be measured using a method such as laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement.
  • a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device for example, a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device, trade name: LA-920 (manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.) can be used. Moreover, it can also measure by sieve classification represented by JIS B4130 etc.
  • the content thereof is preferably 15 to 25% by mass, more preferably 15 to 22% by mass, and more preferably 15 to 20% with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material. More preferred is mass%.
  • the titanate content is equal to or higher than the above lower limit value, excellent wear resistance during high-speed high-temperature braking is obtained, and a sufficient friction coefficient retention effect is obtained. It is possible to suppress a decrease in the friction coefficient.
  • non-acicular titanate having an average particle diameter of 2 to 50 ⁇ m is 15 to 25 mass with respect to 100 mass% of the total friction material. % Content is particularly preferable.
  • Wollastonite is a silicate mineral represented by CaSiO 3 and has, for example, a needle shape or a long column shape.
  • the average aspect ratio (average length / average diameter or thickness) of wollastonite is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 to 12, and still more preferably 5 to 8.
  • the average aspect ratio means a D50 value (cumulative median of volume distribution), and can be measured by, for example, a dynamic image analysis method.
  • the average length of wollastonite is preferably 100 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 150 to 450 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 200 to 400 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of imparting strength to the friction material.
  • the content thereof is preferably 2 to 10% by mass, more preferably 3 to 8% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material, and 4 to 7 More preferred is mass%.
  • the friction material of this embodiment may contain zirconium silicate, triiron tetraoxide, triiron dioxide, bismuth oxide, zirconium oxide, or the like as an abrasive. Among these, zirconium silicate and zirconium oxide are preferable.
  • Zirconium silicate has a high Mohs hardness of 6 to 7.5 and is effective in developing a friction coefficient by grinding.
  • the average particle size of zirconium silicate is preferably 0.2 to 2 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.3 to 2 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.4 to 2 ⁇ m.
  • the content thereof is preferably 4 to 10% by mass and more preferably 5 to 10% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material.
  • the friction material of this embodiment may contain 4 to 10% by mass of zirconium silicate having an average particle size of 0.4 to 2 ⁇ m with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material. Particularly preferred.
  • the friction material of this embodiment may not contain a zirconium silicate according to the desired performance.
  • the average particle diameter of zirconium oxide is preferably 1 to 14 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 10 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 8 to 9 ⁇ m.
  • the content thereof is preferably 10 to 20% by mass, more preferably 12 to 19% by mass, and more preferably 14 to 18% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material. % Is more preferable.
  • the content of zirconium oxide is not less than the above lower limit value, it has excellent wear resistance during high-speed high-temperature braking, and a sufficient friction coefficient retention effect is obtained. A decrease in coefficient can be suppressed.
  • the friction material of the present embodiment preferably contains graphite. By containing graphite, excellent thermal conductivity can be imparted to the friction material.
  • the average particle diameter of graphite is preferably 100 to 600 ⁇ m, more preferably 200 to 450 ⁇ m, and further preferably 300 to 350 ⁇ m.
  • the content thereof is preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 5% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material, and 2 to 4%. More preferred is mass%.
  • the average particle diameter and content of graphite are in the above ranges, it is possible to achieve both good thermal conductivity imparting to the friction material and retention of the friction coefficient.
  • inorganic fillers include magnesium oxide, antimony trisulfide, zirconium hydroxide, tin sulfide, molybdenum disulfide, bismuth sulfide, zinc sulfide, iron sulfide, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate , Barium sulfate, coke, ⁇ alumina, ⁇ alumina, mica, vermiculite, calcium sulfate, mullite, chromite, titanium oxide, silica and the like.
  • zinc sulfide, mica, calcium hydroxide, and barium sulfate are preferable.
  • general materials used for friction materials can be used.
  • the content thereof is preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass and more preferably 1.5 to 3% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material.
  • the average particle diameter of zinc sulfide is preferably 0.05 to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.08 to 1 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.1 to 0.3 ⁇ m.
  • the content is preferably 1 to 10% by mass and more preferably 3 to 7% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material.
  • the average particle diameter of mica is preferably 5 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 60 ⁇ m, and further preferably 12 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the content thereof is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass, and 0.05 to 0.3% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material. More preferred.
  • the average particle size of calcium hydroxide is preferably 10 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 to 200 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 50 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the content thereof is preferably 10 to 35% by mass, and more preferably 12 to 30% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material.
  • the average particle diameter of barium sulfate is preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 30 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the total content thereof is preferably 12 to 50% by mass, more preferably 15 to 40% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material. 20 to 35% by mass is more preferable.
  • the total content of the inorganic filler in the friction material of the present embodiment is preferably 50 to 85% by mass, more preferably 65 to 80% by mass, and 70 to 77% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material. Further preferred.
  • the friction material of the present embodiment preferably contains an organic filler.
  • the organic filler is included as a friction modifier for improving the sound vibration performance, wear resistance and the like of the friction material.
  • An organic filler may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
  • Examples of the organic filler include cashew dust and rubber components.
  • cashew dust for example, any cashew dust can be used as long as it is usually used for a friction material obtained by pulverizing and curing cashew nut shell oil.
  • the cashew dust is preferably unmodified cashew dust.
  • the average particle size of cashew dust is preferably 50 to 600 ⁇ m, more preferably 70 to 550 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 100 to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the content thereof is preferably 2 to 10% by mass, more preferably 4 to 8% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material, and 5 to 7% by mass. % Is more preferable.
  • the content of cashew dust is in the above range, sound vibration performance such as squealing due to low elasticity of the friction material can be improved.
  • the rubber component known materials used for friction materials can be used, and examples thereof include tire rubber, acrylic rubber, isoprene rubber, NBR (nitrile butadiene rubber), SBR (styrene butadiene rubber) and the like.
  • the content thereof is preferably 0.2 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass, with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material. It is more preferably 1 to 3% by mass.
  • the friction material of the present embodiment preferably contains one or more selected from the group consisting of cashew dust and a rubber component, and more preferably used in combination with cashew dust and a rubber component.
  • the cashew dust coated with the rubber component may be used. From the viewpoint of sound vibration performance, the cashew dust and the rubber component may be blended separately. Good.
  • the content thereof is preferably 2 to 20% by mass, more preferably 3 to 12% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total amount of the friction material. More preferred is mass%.
  • the content of the organic filler is within the above range, sound vibration performance such as squealing due to low elasticity of the friction material is improved, and deterioration in heat resistance and strength reduction due to thermal history can be avoided.
  • the friction material of this embodiment preferably further contains a binder.
  • the binding material provides strength by integrating an organic filler, a fiber base material, and the like contained in the friction material.
  • a binder may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
  • a thermosetting resin usually used for a friction material can be used.
  • the thermosetting resin include various modified phenol resins such as phenol resin, acrylic rubber-modified phenol resin, silicone-modified phenol resin, cashew-modified phenol resin, epoxy-modified phenol resin, and alkylbenzene-modified phenol resin.
  • a silicone-modified phenol resin is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the water repellency at the friction interface.
  • silicone-modified phenol resin a phenol resin in which silicone oil or silicone rubber is dispersed is preferable.
  • the silicone-modified phenol resin may be used alone, but may be used in combination with a thermosetting resin other than the above-described silicone-modified phenol resin, and is preferably used in combination with an acrylic rubber-modified phenol resin.
  • the content of the binder in the friction material of the present embodiment is preferably 5 to 10% by mass, more preferably 6 to 10% by mass, and even more preferably 7 to 9% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the total friction material.
  • the content of the binder is within the above range, it is possible to further suppress a decrease in strength of the friction material, and it is possible to suppress deterioration in sound vibration performance such as squeal due to a decrease in the porosity of the friction material and an increase in the elastic modulus. .
  • the friction material of the present embodiment may contain other materials other than the above components as necessary.
  • the friction material of this embodiment can be manufactured by a generally used method.
  • a manufacturing method of the friction material of this embodiment the method of heat-pressing and manufacturing the friction material composition which satisfies the composition of the friction material of this embodiment is mentioned, for example.
  • the friction material composition of the present embodiment to be described later is uniformly mixed using a mixer such as a Laedige (registered trademark) mixer, a pressure kneader, an Eirich (registered trademark) mixer, and the mixture is mixed.
  • Preliminary molding is performed with a molding die, and the obtained preform is molded under conditions of a molding temperature of 140 to 150 ° C., a molding pressure of 30 to 45 MPa, and a molding time of 3 to 6 minutes.
  • a heat treatment method at 3 ° C. for 3 to 4 hours can be mentioned.
  • the friction material of this embodiment is used in the following aspects (1) to (3), for example.
  • Friction material only configuration Friction member having a back metal and the friction material of the present embodiment to be a friction surface formed on the back metal (3)
  • the back metal A structure in which a primer layer for the purpose of surface modification for enhancing the adhesion effect of the backing metal and an adhesive layer for the purpose of bonding the backing metal and the friction member are further interposed between the friction member and the friction member.
  • the backing metal is used to improve the mechanical strength of the friction member. Examples of the material include metals such as iron and stainless steel; fiber reinforced plastics such as inorganic fiber reinforced plastics and carbon fiber reinforced plastics. .
  • the primer layer and the adhesive layer may be those used for friction members such as brake shoes.
  • the friction material of this embodiment is suitable as a friction material for disc brake pads and brake linings for automobiles.
  • the friction material of this embodiment can be used also as friction materials, such as a clutch facing, an electromagnetic brake, a holding brake, by giving processes, such as a shaping
  • the friction material of this embodiment is suitable for a brake pad for a passenger car mounted on a control brake such as a regenerative brake because it can exhibit a stable friction coefficient in a low-speed low-temperature braking region. That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a passenger vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle equipped with a control brake using the friction material of the present embodiment.
  • the friction material of the present embodiment is excellent in stability of friction coefficient, wear resistance at high temperature, etc., it is useful as a “upholstery material” for friction members such as disc brake pads and brake linings. It can also be molded and used as a “underlaying material” for the member.
  • the “upper material” is a friction material that becomes the friction surface of the friction member
  • the “underlay material” is a friction material that is interposed between the friction material that becomes the friction surface of the friction member and the back metal. It is a layer for the purpose of improving the shear strength and crack resistance in the vicinity of the adhesion part with the back metal.
  • the friction material composition according to the first embodiment of the present invention does not contain copper, or even if it contains copper, the content thereof is a friction material composition of 0.5% by mass or less as copper element, and is biosoluble.
  • the friction material composition according to the second embodiment of the present invention does not contain copper, or even if it contains copper, the content thereof is a friction material composition of 0.5% by mass or less as a copper element. It is a friction material composition containing 5.0 mass% or more and less than 10.0 mass% of inorganic fibers (X2) containing magnesium oxide with respect to 100 mass% of the total friction material.
  • the term “friction material composition of the present embodiment” refers to both the friction material composition according to the first embodiment and the friction material composition according to the second embodiment.
  • the kind of each component contained in the friction material composition of this embodiment, and its manufacturing method are demonstrated similarly to the friction material of the said embodiment, The suitable aspect is altogether the same.
  • the preferable range of the content of each component in the friction material composition is the same as the preferable range described in the friction material of the present embodiment, but the reference of the content is “100% by mass of the total friction material composition”.
  • this invention also provides the friction material formed by shape
  • the friction material formed by molding the friction material composition of the present embodiment includes, for example, a method of hot-pressing a preform formed by preforming the friction material composition of the present embodiment, and the friction material composition of the present embodiment. It can be produced by a method such as direct hot pressing, heat treatment as necessary, and thermosetting the binder.
  • the specific manufacturing method is as described in the manufacturing method of the friction material of the present embodiment and the examples described later.
  • Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 [Production of disc brake pads]
  • the materials were blended according to the blending amounts (% by mass) shown in Table 1, and the friction material compositions of Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were obtained.
  • the friction material composition is mixed with a Ladige (registered trademark) mixer (manufactured by Matsubo Co., Ltd., trade name: Ladige mixer M20), and the mixture is preformed with a molding press (manufactured by Oji Machinery Co., Ltd.). did.
  • Ladige registered trademark
  • the obtained preform is molded using a molding press (manufactured by Sanki Seiko Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of a molding temperature of 150 ° C., a molding pressure of 30 MPa, and a molding time of 5 minutes, and a backing metal (manufactured by Hitachi Automotive Systems). Together with heating and pressing. Subsequently, the obtained molded product was heat-treated at 200 ° C. for 4 hours, polished using a rotary polishing machine, subjected to scorch treatment at 500 ° C., and a disc brake pad (friction material thickness 9 mm, friction material projected area). 52 cm 2 ) was obtained.
  • a molding press manufactured by Sanki Seiko Co., Ltd.
  • Resin A Silicone-modified phenolic resin (PR54529 manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.)
  • Resin B Acrylic rubber modified phenolic resin (PR55291A manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.)
  • Cashew dust average particle size of 100 to 500 ⁇ m (FF2600 manufactured by Tohoku Kako Co., Ltd.) ⁇ Rubber component (tire rubber powder): Powder TPA manufactured by Carquest Co., Ltd.
  • Copper fiber Average fiber length 3000 ⁇ m ⁇ Aramid fiber: Average fiber length 1170 ⁇ m
  • Mineral fiber A Mineral fiber having biosolubility Average fiber length: 230 ⁇ 50 ⁇ m Average fiber diameter: 5.5 ⁇ m CaO content: 21.3 mass% MgO content: 6.0% by mass Other components: SiO 2 (42.5 mass%), Al 2 O 3 (18.0 mass%), TiO 2 (1.5 mass%), Fe 2 O 3 (7.9 mass%), Na 2 O (2.0 wt%), K 2 O (0.5 wt%), P 2 O 5 ( 0.2 wt%), MnO (0.1 wt%)
  • Mineral fiber B Mineral fiber having biological solubility Average fiber length: 650 ⁇ 150 ⁇ m Average fiber diameter: 5.5 ⁇ m CaO content: 21.3 mass% MgO content: 6.0% by mass Other components: SiO 2 (42.5 mass%), Al 2 O 3 (18.0 mass%), TiO 2 (1.5 mass%), Fe 2 O 3 (7.9 mass%), Na 2 O (2.0 wt%)
  • Potassium titanate A Potassium titanate 8 (average particle size 3.5 ⁇ m, shape: irregular) -Potassium titanate B: Potassium titanate (average particle size 6 ⁇ m, shape: columnar) -Potassium titanate C: Potassium titanate 6 (average particle size 27 ⁇ m, shape: irregular) Potassium titanate D: Potassium titanate 6 (average particle size 30 ⁇ m, shape: irregular) -Potassium titanate E: Potassium titanate 6 (average particle diameter 46 ⁇ m, shape: irregular) ⁇ Lithium potassium titanate: average particle size 2.5 ⁇ m, shape: plate shape, wollastonite: average length 300 ⁇ m, aspect ratio: 6 Graphite: average particle size 300 to 350 ⁇ m (4058 manufactured by TIMCAL) ⁇ Zirconium oxide: Average particle size 8-9 ⁇ m ⁇ Zirconium silicate A: average particle size of 1 to 2 ⁇ m (MZ1000B, manufactured by
  • the friction material, friction material composition and friction member of the present invention can express a stable coefficient of friction in a low-speed and low-temperature braking region without using copper having a high environmental load compared to conventional products, and are excellent in a normal braking region. Since it has a friction coefficient, it is suitable not only for general passenger cars but also for brake pads for passenger cars equipped with a control brake such as a regenerative brake.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne : un matériau de frottement ne contenant pas de cuivre ou lorsqu'il contient du cuivre, contenant une quantité à laquelle la teneur en élément de cuivre ne constitue pas plus de 0,5 % en masse, le matériau de frottement contenant également des fibres inorganiques biosolubles (X1) en une quantité qui constitue au moins 5,0 % en masse et moins de 10,0 % en masse ; et un matériau de frottement ne contenant pas de cuivre ou lorsqu'il contient du cuivre, contenant une quantité à laquelle la teneur en élément de cuivre ne constitue pas plus de 0,5 % en masse, le matériau de frottement contenant également des fibres inorganiques (X2) qui contiennent de l'oxyde de calcium et de l'oxyde de magnésium et constituent au moins 5,0 % en masse et moins de 10,0 % en masse.
PCT/JP2018/003257 2018-01-31 2018-01-31 Matériau de frottement, composition de matériau de frottement et élément de frottement Ceased WO2019150501A1 (fr)

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JP2019568486A JPWO2019150501A1 (ja) 2018-01-31 2018-01-31 摩擦材、摩擦材組成物及び摩擦部材

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012066969A1 (fr) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-24 日立化成工業株式会社 Composition de matériau de frottement sans asbeste et matériau de frottement et élément de frottement utilisant ladite composition
JP2012255052A (ja) * 2011-06-07 2012-12-27 Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd ノンアスベスト摩擦材組成物
WO2014034878A1 (fr) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 日立化成株式会社 Composition pour matériau de friction, matériau de friction utilisant ladite composition pour matériau de friction et garniture de frein
JP2016079246A (ja) * 2014-10-14 2016-05-16 日本ブレーキ工業株式会社 摩擦材組成物、摩擦材及び摩擦部材

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012066969A1 (fr) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-24 日立化成工業株式会社 Composition de matériau de frottement sans asbeste et matériau de frottement et élément de frottement utilisant ladite composition
JP2012255052A (ja) * 2011-06-07 2012-12-27 Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd ノンアスベスト摩擦材組成物
WO2014034878A1 (fr) * 2012-08-30 2014-03-06 日立化成株式会社 Composition pour matériau de friction, matériau de friction utilisant ladite composition pour matériau de friction et garniture de frein
JP2016079246A (ja) * 2014-10-14 2016-05-16 日本ブレーキ工業株式会社 摩擦材組成物、摩擦材及び摩擦部材

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