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WO2019031956A1 - Électrocardiographe sans fil - Google Patents

Électrocardiographe sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019031956A1
WO2019031956A1 PCT/MX2017/000090 MX2017000090W WO2019031956A1 WO 2019031956 A1 WO2019031956 A1 WO 2019031956A1 MX 2017000090 W MX2017000090 W MX 2017000090W WO 2019031956 A1 WO2019031956 A1 WO 2019031956A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrocardiograph
analog
filter
low pass
amplifier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/MX2017/000090
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Jesús Raúl BELTRÁN RAMÍREZ
Consuelo VENTURA MEJÍA
José Omar CHÁVEZ GARCÍA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centro De Ensenanza Tecnica Industrial
Original Assignee
Centro De Ensenanza Tecnica Industrial
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centro De Ensenanza Tecnica Industrial filed Critical Centro De Ensenanza Tecnica Industrial
Publication of WO2019031956A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019031956A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A61B5/333—Recording apparatus specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of electronics, communication modules, cardiac electrical activity, medicine, the conversion of electrophysiological measurements into graphic data and continuous monitoring, as it provides a wireless electrocardiograph. .
  • Electrocardiogram is called the graph that is achieved with the electrocardiograph. It shows the measurement of the electrical activity of the heart in a continuous graphic tape.
  • the name electrocardiogram is composed of electro that expresses the electrical activity, cardio of the Greek heart and grass, writing, also of Greek origin.
  • cardiovascular diseases cardiovascular diseases, metabolic alterations, the propensity to sudden cardiac death can be diagnosed.
  • Some examples of its use are: indicate blockages, detect anomalies such as cardiac arrhythmia; discover electrolytic alterations of Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium or others; location of conductive abnormalities; to inform about the physical conditions of the heart, for example, left ventricular hypertrophy.
  • the electrical impulses of the heart can be measured from the outside, because they are transmitted to the tissues that surround it.
  • electrodes are placed in some points of the patient's body, previously covered by an ointment that conducts electricity, and are connected to the electrocardiograph.
  • the electrocardiogram is the recording on the paper of the impulses that detect the electrodes. This produces a graph that is very similar in healthy people, but in heart patients has alterations, by which the doctor can diagnose the diseases.
  • the electrocardiogram is not only a diagnostic method for patients, but a preventive measure that should be applied when a mature person not accustomed decides to practice strong sports.
  • the direction that the electrical impulse takes through the heart is the electrical axis. When it is directed in the form of a vector towards the lower left it is normal, but it usually happens that in obese, elderly or pregnant people it is diverted to the upper left. If the deviation is extreme, we are facing an anomaly that may indicate ventricular hypertrophy, branch block; if it is directed to the right it can reveal a pulmonary embolism. With the electrocardiogram, you can also need a dextrocardia, which is a very rare disease, in which the heart has reversed the direction in the orientation, but which is usually discovered previously with a chest x-ray. Within the typical tracing of an electrocardiogram that records a normal heartbeat has a P wave, a QRS complex and a T wave. The small wave ü that is normally invisible.
  • the P wave is the electrical signal that belongs to the atrial depolarization.
  • the P wave occurs.
  • the P wave is repolarized (called the atrial T wave), it is eclipsed by ventricular depolarization. (QRS complex).
  • the P wave For the P wave to be sinusal (coming from the sinus node) it must have certain characteristics: its duration must not be greater than 0.11 sec. in adults and between 0.07 and 0.09 sec.
  • the duration in children, if the duration is longer we can be in the presence of a left atrial complaint; it must not exceed 0.25 mV, if it occurs, it presents a right atrial enlargement; the wave has to be rounded, have soft, symmetrical slopes and a blunt cusp. In addition, it must precede the ventricular complex.
  • the QRS Complex is related to the electrical current produced by the contraction of the ventricles, which we call ventricular depolarization. This contraction is much stronger than that of the atria and involves more muscle mass, causing a greater deflection in the electrocardiogram.
  • the duration, amplitude and morphology of the QRS complex is very important to diagnose different disorders, such as, among others, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, ventricular hypertrophy, abnormal conduction, electrolyte imbalances.
  • the Q wave is the first wave of the complex and has negative values, since it decreases in the graph of the electrocardiogram. This wave can be normal or pathological. When the normal Q wave is present, it symbolizes the depolarization of the interventricular septum or septum. When the wave is greater than 1/3 the size of the next wave R or has a duration greater than 40 ms (a small square), or if it occurs in right precordial leads, it can represent a myocardial infarction.
  • the R and S waves reveal the contraction of the myocardium.
  • the R wave is the wave that follows Q, is the largest and is positive.
  • the S wave is the negative wave that appears after the R wave.
  • the anomalies that the QRS complex can present indicate different disorders such as branch blockage, hypertrophy, tachycardia and other ventricular abnormalities. When the complexes are small, they indicate pericarditis.
  • the normal duration is 60 to 100 milliseconds.
  • the complex total exceeds 120 ms or is shaped like a letter M, it is abnormal and indicates, for example, hyperkalemia, a pacemaker or hypothermia (called Onda de Osborne).
  • the T wave When the ventricles are repolarized, the T wave is formed. It is usually asymmetric, with a more gradual rise than the descent, it usually has a curved shape, but it may have a small hump. In most of the referrals, it is positive, but if it is negative it can indicate symptoms of illness, however, an inverted T wave is normal in VI. Its amplitude is not usually measured because it is very variable, however, low voltages or flat T waves in several leads may manifest an abnormality.
  • the mobile telephone comprises a housing; a wireless communication module disposed within the housing to communicate with a mobile network; one or more sensor elements integrated in the housing to measure an electrophysiological signal of a person; and, an ECG generator module disposed within the housing and coupled to the sensor elements and the communication module to generate an ECG from the measured electrophysiological signal and to transmit data representing said ECG through the communication module.
  • the aforementioned document refers to a system for measuring electrocardiographic signals wirelessly that performs the acquisition of the signals by means of a prefabricated patch, but it lacks specific measurements of the areas of interest, besides, it lacks a construction specialized and defined for the uptake of electrocardiographic signal, does not have the ability to perform the census of electrocardiographic signals by implementing a tiny patch, which is connected by bluetooth protocols to a device mobile making it physically independent and freeing the user of the need for direct contact with the mobile device to achieve reliable signaling and census, another disadvantage is that it has no means for graphically interpreting the data analyzed as well as means to evaluate and make a warning to the patient in case of an episode of care being presented.
  • the main differences with the aforementioned documents with the electrocardiograph of the present invention is that the user is informed of the cardiopathies detected at the time; by having the interface of a mobile device with the wireless electrocardiograph, the diagnostic ability of alterations such as ventricular hypertrophy or heart rhythm disorders is improved, and in turn facilitates the interpretation of the electrocardiogram in the clinical context of the individual patient for the prevention, diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular diseases.
  • Another difference is the duration of real-time cardiac monitoring provided by a portable device wirelessly, since currently the longest continuous monitoring time that a wireless holter has, is only 5 days. Afterwards the team is retired and discarded due to the discharge of the battery and mainly to patient hygiene, since conventional devices are attached to the body and can not be removed and reused afterwards, which limits the individual to carry out their personal hygiene.
  • the wireless electrocardiograph can be removed and implemented at any time, because it is not necessary to adhere to the body with some type of glue, which gives the patient the facility to use it and remove it sometimes that they are pertinent, turning this novel holter into a gadget of daily use, which offers the user the peace of mind of having in his hands the information of his cardiac monitoring 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
  • Figure 1 shows a rear top perspective view of the wireless electrocardiograph.
  • Figure 2 shows a top perspective view of the explosive of the wireless electrocardiograph.
  • Figure 3 shows a diagrammatic view of the integral circuit of the wireless electrocardiograph.
  • the wireless electrocardiograph is made up of:
  • An electronic card (1) that is housed inside a casing (2) which is formed by two identical covers of convex form and that close hermetically, keeping the electronic card isolated from the outside, to avoid that it is damaged.
  • the housing (2) is configured with at least one self-adhesive electrode (3) on the outside of one of the covers, which comes into contact with the body of the person to be measured the heart rate, in order to obtain an electrocardiogram; said electrodes (3) are connected directly to the electronic card (1) to send the signal obtained from the heart and transform it, in order to obtain said electrocardiogram.
  • the electronic card (1) is designed to assemble the electronic components necessary for its operation and operation in accordance with the integral circuit of the wireless electrocardiograph shown in Figure 4.
  • the electronic card (1) is structured in such a way that it has at least one preamplifier (4); at least one amplifier (5), at least four analog filters of low pass (6) of second order; at least one band eliminating filter known as a filter noten (7); a microcontroller (not shown) and a bluetooth module (not shown).
  • a correct operation of the electronic card (1) is achieved and thus the patient's monitoring is achieved, obtaining by means of an individual-device interface the emission of data that are transformed from analog signal to digital signal and sent to a graphical interface, to a device that has bluetooth, to receive the signal of the electrocardiogram.
  • a voltage regulator (not shown), connected to the electronic card, is arranged for the supply of electrical energy to the wireless electrocardiograph.
  • the preamplifier (4) of the acquired signal is responsible for performing an amplification of the original signal with a gain of only 100 dB in order to avoid saturating the instrumentation amplifier and thus avoid the modification of the signal and noise in the same.
  • the signal is acquired by connecting the electrodes (3) at strategically established points, these electrodes are in turn connected to the positive and negative inputs of an operational amplifier of the pre amplifier (8), as well as a third connection to the common circuit .
  • the pre amplifier is powered by a voltage regulator (not shown), with a voltage, preferably of +/- 5v and has at least one resistance RG of the preamplifier (18), which allows to establish the gain with the who works in this first stage.
  • the amplifier (5) is connected to the output of the preamplifier (8) to receive the signal, and amplify said signal by 3 dB, thus obtaining a total output gain of 300 dB; in order to obtain an output signal with an amplitude ranging between 1 and 5 volts, since the original signal has an amplitude between 5 and 15 mV; the amplifier (5) has at least one amplifier operational amplifier (10) and with at least one resistance RG of the amplifier (9).
  • the analog low pass filter (6) of second order is connected to the output of the amplifier (5) and is responsible for preventing the passage of signals that are outside the established maximum range; thus eliminating any activity obtained that is above this cutoff frequency.
  • the electronic card (1) consists of the cascade connection of at least four low-pass filters (6) of the second order, having as a first instance to receive the amplified signal coming from the amplifier (5), and entering the first filter passes.
  • - low which also prefixes an arrangement of at least two resistors of the low pass analog filter (11) and, at least, two capacitors of the analog low pass filter (12) ceramic, as established by the Sallen- Key for second-order low-pass filters.
  • the signal reaches the output of an operational amplifier of the low-pass analog filter (13), which is connected in cascade with the low-pass filter number two, which is responsible, like its two subsequent filters, for obtain a signal with a more abrupt cutting line, which allows to obtain a purer filtering than when using filters of lower order.
  • the notch filter (7) is connected to the output of the last low-pass analog filter (6) and has the function of suppressing the 60Hz band, frequency induced by the same source used, which can create unwanted noise.
  • the notch filter (7) consists of an array of at least two capacitors in series (14), and another arrangement of at least two resistors in series (15), at which the low pass filter signal arrives ( 6); this arrangement has connected the resistors in series (15) to ground in order to land the circuit and avoid interference, and the series capacitors (15) are connected to a resistor (16) that this in turn is linked to the pin of an operational amplifier of the notch filter (17).
  • pin 1 of the notch filter's operational amplifier (7) is responsible for outputting the signal already processed, to later pass to the microcontroller (not shown) that is connected to the notch filter (7); the microcontroller receives the signal through an analog input port, once it is entered into the microcontroller it is digitalized and then sent to the bluetooth module (not shown); to achieve the individual-device interface and receive the data processed by the wireless electrocardiograph in any type of mobile device that has bluetooth technology and through an application downloaded to the device, where the received data is graphically and easily interpreted ; allowing the user to know the cardiopathies detected at the moment.
  • a variant of the wireless electrocardiograph is that the electronic card (1) can have at least four high-pass analog filters (not shown) of second order, connected after the amplifier (5) and before the analog low-pass filter ( 6) second order.
  • Said high pass analog filter (not shown), has the same configuration as the analog low pass filter (6).

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un électrocardiographe sans fil qui a la caractéristique de comprendre un module sans fil, lequel envoie l'information du monitorage cardiaque à tout dispositif mobile ayant la technologie bluetooth par une application téléchargée dans le dispositif; ceci permet à l'utilisateur de recevoir sur ledit dispositif, l'information de manière immédiate et de faciliter ainsi le diagnostic d'altérations telles que des hypertrophies ventriculaires ou des troubles du rythme cardiaque par une interprétation rapide et simple. Une autre caractéristique est que le monitorage s'effectue en temps réel. L'électrocardiographe sans fil de la présente invention peut être enlevé et mis en oeuvre à tout moment, étant donné qu'il n'est pas nécessaire de le fixer sur le corps avec un type quelconque d'adhésif, ce qui permet à l'utilisateur de l'enlever lorsque c'est approprié.
PCT/MX2017/000090 2017-08-10 2017-08-10 Électrocardiographe sans fil Ceased WO2019031956A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MX2017010316A MX385005B (es) 2017-08-10 2017-08-10 Electrocardiógrafo inalambrico
MXMX/A/2017/010316 2017-08-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019031956A1 true WO2019031956A1 (fr) 2019-02-14

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PCT/MX2017/000090 Ceased WO2019031956A1 (fr) 2017-08-10 2017-08-10 Électrocardiographe sans fil

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MX (1) MX385005B (fr)
WO (1) WO2019031956A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102512153A (zh) * 2011-10-25 2012-06-27 电信科学技术研究院 一种非接触式心电监测的移动终端及心电监测方法
CN104207769A (zh) * 2014-08-27 2014-12-17 电子科技大学 一种心电信号检测系统
CN104510463A (zh) * 2014-12-08 2015-04-15 华南理工大学 基于可穿戴装置的心电检测装置
US20150257647A1 (en) * 2014-03-17 2015-09-17 Cardiac Technologies International, Inc. Method and device for patient monitoring using dynamic multi-function device
DE102016119097A1 (de) * 2015-10-07 2017-04-13 K-Healthwear Co., Ltd. Tragbares drahtloses 12-Kanal-Elektrokardiogrammsystem
WO2017075856A1 (fr) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 福州大学 Système et procédé de surveillance et d'avertissement d'électrocardiogramme à distance à base d'analyse d'ondelette

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102512153A (zh) * 2011-10-25 2012-06-27 电信科学技术研究院 一种非接触式心电监测的移动终端及心电监测方法
US20150257647A1 (en) * 2014-03-17 2015-09-17 Cardiac Technologies International, Inc. Method and device for patient monitoring using dynamic multi-function device
CN104207769A (zh) * 2014-08-27 2014-12-17 电子科技大学 一种心电信号检测系统
CN104510463A (zh) * 2014-12-08 2015-04-15 华南理工大学 基于可穿戴装置的心电检测装置
DE102016119097A1 (de) * 2015-10-07 2017-04-13 K-Healthwear Co., Ltd. Tragbares drahtloses 12-Kanal-Elektrokardiogrammsystem
WO2017075856A1 (fr) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 福州大学 Système et procédé de surveillance et d'avertissement d'électrocardiogramme à distance à base d'analyse d'ondelette

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Publication number Publication date
MX2017010316A (es) 2019-02-12
MX385005B (es) 2025-03-04

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