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WO2019007737A1 - BATTERY FOR AN ELECTRIC DRIVE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE - Google Patents

BATTERY FOR AN ELECTRIC DRIVE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019007737A1
WO2019007737A1 PCT/EP2018/066924 EP2018066924W WO2019007737A1 WO 2019007737 A1 WO2019007737 A1 WO 2019007737A1 EP 2018066924 W EP2018066924 W EP 2018066924W WO 2019007737 A1 WO2019007737 A1 WO 2019007737A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
housing
case
stack
battery module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2018/066924
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Markus Thurmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Original Assignee
Audi AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi AG filed Critical Audi AG
Priority to CN201880044755.8A priority Critical patent/CN110832663B/en
Publication of WO2019007737A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019007737A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227Organic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0411Arrangement in the front part of the vehicle
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H01M50/273Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/278Organic material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery for an electric drive of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with such a battery.
  • a generic battery is already known to be known, in which two battery modules, in each of which a plurality of interconnected battery cells are usually combined, are arranged one above the other in different positions in the vehicle vertical direction.
  • the two battery modules are accommodated in a common battery housing, which extends over the height of both layers of battery modules.
  • a stiffening element for example in the form of a horizontal intermediate plate or intermediate plane, which connects the respective opposite housing parts together and thereby favoring a block formation of the battery case in the event of an impact in the front area.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a battery and a motor vehicle with such a battery, which has improved accident characteristics and beyond manufacturing technology is easy to manufacture.
  • the battery according to the invention is characterized in that a plurality of battery modules, each comprising a plurality of interconnected battery cells, is arranged one above the other in at least two positions in the vehicle vertical direction.
  • This arrangement initially allows a space-saving design of the battery, so that this particular, but not exclusively, can be installed in the front of the vehicle or in the area of the front end structure / crumple zone of the motor vehicle.
  • each of the superimposed layers of the battery modules is accommodated in a respective associated, separate battery case, which are arranged one above the other in a stack and connected to each other or to each other.
  • each layer of the battery modules is accommodated in a separately producible battery housing.
  • This offers namely the considerable advantage that such a battery case can be made extremely low cost, since it is thus designed much smaller compared to the prior art.
  • Each of these battery cases can preferably be formed at least substantially as a common part, which significantly simplifies the production.
  • the respectively used number of battery housings which corresponds to the number of layers of the battery modules, can then be arranged one above the other in a stack, wherein for example the respectively adjacent battery housings are connected to one another via corresponding connecting elements.
  • connection of the battery case takes place in that the respective battery module, which is arranged within the associated battery housing, is connected via at least one connecting element with said battery housing and the battery housing arranged underneath.
  • the respective connecting element serves not only to fix the corresponding battery module within the associated battery housing, but by means of the connecting element, said battery housing is also connected to the underlying battery housing - or corresponding items (bottom element and cover element) of these -.
  • the double wall thickness of two battery housings can be used for modular screwing.
  • the tension of the respective battery case or parts thereof causes a very high power in the event of an accidental force application, since the entire system is braced and shear fields are formed, which transmit the forces optimally.
  • the high accelerations in the rear impact of more than 90 g can be damped and degraded by the tension, without it can lead to destruction of the respective battery case in the region of the connecting element.
  • due to the connection of the two battery housings arranged one above the other or respective components thereof further cost advantages arise, since, for example, a bottom of a protective housing can be made smaller.
  • the connection technology between the bottom and the stack of battery case can be made simpler.
  • the battery can be used both in a purely electrically powered motor vehicle and in a hybrid vehicle. It may optionally be installed to drive within the motor vehicle and several batteries.
  • the respective battery housing is formed with two shells with a bottom element and a cover element. This not only allows a simple construction and a simple production of the battery case, but also a slight connection of the bottom element of a battery case with the cover element of the further battery housing arranged below mediated by at least one connecting element, by means of which also the correspondingly associated battery module with the both battery housings or their bottom / cover element is connected.
  • a particularly simple and equally rigid connection can also be achieved if the respective battery module is connected via the connecting element to a cover plate of the battery housing or the cover element arranged underneath.
  • a particularly shear-resistant composite of the stack of battery housings when the respective battery module receiving bottom element is clamped over the connecting element between the respective Batte- riemodul and the cover element of the underlying battery housing.
  • a support element in particular a dome element integrated, via which the bottom element between the respective battery module and the cover element of the battery housing arranged underneath is clamped.
  • Such a support element or dome element serves as a centering aid in the assembly of the stack of battery cases in its vertical direction, which in the present case also corresponds to the vehicle vertical direction.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the respective battery housing is formed from a plastic, in particular a fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • a battery housing made of such plastic is not only inexpensive and easy to produce, but also on this corresponding functional elements for stiffening, for bonding with other components or the like can be integrally formed on this. It is particularly advantageous if at least a number of the stacked battery housing - at least substantially - are formed identical in shape. Under identical is to be understood in particular that all battery case or their respective components in the same form, such as injection mold, can be made. As a result, the cost of the battery can be significantly reduced due to the common parts.
  • a screw sleeve or similar retaining element of the connecting element is integrated in the cover element. This can be the case in a particularly simple manner if the cover element is made of a plastic.
  • a free space is provided between an underside of the battery module and the bottom plate of the bottom module receiving the battery module.
  • a double fit can be effectively avoided and the overlying floor element can be connected to the underlying cover element of the associated battery housing.
  • the stack of battery housings is surrounded by a protective housing of the battery.
  • This protective housing since it preferably has no sealing function, does not have to be correspondingly closed, but may also be partially open. Since such a sealing function is preferably not required, the protective housing can be designed correspondingly simple and, in particular with regard to the stability and rigidity of the battery, in particular with regard to their accident behavior, be optimized.
  • the protective housing may be at least partially formed by corresponding side walls or similar elements which have a corresponding absorption capacity for accident energy. In an alternative embodiment, however, it would theoretically also be conceivable to make such a protective housing dense.
  • FIG. 1 shows: an exploded perspective view of the essential components of the battery according to the invention according to an advantageous embodiment, a schematic and partial sectional view of the built-in front of a motor vehicle battery according to an advantageous embodiment, a perspective view of a bottom element and a cover element of the battery case of the battery according to the invention, respective perspective views the battery according to an advantageous embodiment, in which a plurality of battery housings, in each of which a plurality of battery modules are accommodated, stacked in a stack and interconnected, a sectional view through the stack of superimposed battery housing of the battery according to an advantageous embodiment, a partial and enlarged, schematic sectional view of a bottom element and a lid member each übereinange ang eordneter battery housing, each of the components comprises respective connector elements, via which the adjacent battery housing relative to each other positionable and mutually supportable in the thrust direction, a partial and enlarged sectional
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a base plate of a protective housing of the stack of battery housings, in the Eckbe- Rich respective tie rods are provided for holding the stack of the battery case or the protective housing,
  • FIG. 9 shows a perspective view and a sectional view of the protective housing, inside which the stack of battery housings is accommodated.
  • the described components of the embodiments each represent individual features of the invention, which are to be considered independently of one another, which each further develop the invention independently of one another and thus also individually or in a different combination than the one shown as part of the invention. Furthermore, the described embodiments can also be supplemented by further features of the invention already described.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a perspective exploded view the essential components of a battery B which is additionally assembled on the right in a schematic perspective view.
  • the battery B initially comprises a plurality of battery modules 1, of which in the present case, for example, four each side by side in a horizontal plane or in the vehicle vertical direction at a common height in a corresponding position 2, 3, 4, 5 are arranged.
  • the battery modules 1 are arranged at the same height or within a corresponding position 2, 3, 4, 5, wherein the plurality of these layers 2, 3, 4, 5 are arranged one above the other in a manner described in more detail below.
  • Each battery module 1 is formed by a multiplicity of battery cells connected in parallel and / or in series with one another.
  • the output voltage of the respective battery module 1 is therefore correspondingly greater than the output voltage of the respective plurality of associated battery cells.
  • the output voltage of the entire battery B is therefore greater than that of the respective battery modules 1, which are connected in accordance with each other.
  • the battery B comprises a further described in more detail below cooling device 6, within which a coolant circulates.
  • the cooling device 6 comprises a plurality of flat cooling elements or cooling lines 7, of which four in each case run on a common plane or in a plane.
  • the cooling elements or cooling lines 7 run in each case in a manner described in more detail below, respectively, of the associated battery module 1 or, on the underside, of the respective layer 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1.
  • the respective layer 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1 is received within a respective associated battery case 8, as one of them in Fig. 3 in a respective perspective view of a bottom member 9 and a cover member 10 of the battery case 8 can be seen.
  • the bottom element 9 and the associated cover element 10 are, after being fitted with the respectively associated four battery modules 1 of the corresponding layer 2, 3, 4, 5 in the region of respective, mutually associated flanges 1 1, 12 through the intermediary of a not further recognizable seal locked. Since four layers 2, 3, 4, 5 are provided by battery modules 1 in the present case, four battery cases 8 are accordingly arranged one above the other in a stack 13 which can be seen in FIG. In this case, the respective battery case 8 are mutually positioned and connected to each other or each other in the manner described below.
  • the stack 13 of the battery housing 8 with the cooling device 6 is received in a protective housing 14, which is also shown in Fig. 1 also explosively.
  • This protective housing 14 initially comprises a bottom 15 and respective four side walls 16, which in the present case are each composed of two parts or layers 17 and 18. In the present case, these two parts, for example, a corrugated sheet 17 and an associated striking plate 18, so as to achieve a good energy-absorbing, multi-layered component.
  • the protective housing 14 comprises a cover 19, so that the stack of battery housings 8 in the present case is completely enclosed by the protective housing 14.
  • the protective housing 14 is here also referred to as crash armor and can be seen in Fig. 1 right again in assembled form in a corresponding perspective view.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a schematic sectional view, a front vehicle 21 arranged in front of a passenger compartment 20 or a front structure / crumple zone of a passenger vehicle, in the region of which the battery B is arranged.
  • the battery B is at height above a front axle 20 of the motor vehicle in otherwise otherwise not apparent manner on corresponding components of the body or on subframe elements, which are attached to the body side of the body, held. In this case, the battery B is integrated into the crash systems of the vehicle.
  • the built-in front bumper 21 battery B can be installed by the very good location analogous to an internal combustion engine or an internationale of this. Due to the high construction of the battery B with the several layers 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1 in the corresponding battery cases 8 and their arrangement one above the other to the stack 13, this gives the possibility of the space, which in motor vehicles with internal combustion engine through this is used in an optimal way to use. Through the protective housing 14 of the stack 13 of the battery case 8 is protected in an optimal manner.
  • the respective battery housing 8 or its individual parts, in the present case the bottom element 9 and the cover element 10, are formed from a plastic, in particular a fiber-reinforced plastic, and produced, for example, in an injection molding process.
  • plastic not only has the advantage of a simple and cost-effective production of form-identical battery housing 8, but it can also in a simple way functional element such as elements / ribs of a stiffening structure 23 and / or connector elements 24 ( Figure 6) Connection of the battery case 8 are provided with the adjacent battery case 8.
  • plastic is in a special way to integrate reinforcing elements such as inserts, screw sleeves or the like or even functional elements of the cooling device 6 in the respective battery case.
  • the stiffening structure 23 with the ribs is provided in particular for corresponding load cases in an accidental application of force.
  • the flanges 1 1, 12 of the bottom and the lid member 9, 10 are formed for example in standard geometry and connected to each other via screws. Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 3 that corresponding compartments are divided by respective webs 25 within the bottom and cover elements 9, 10, within which the respective battery modules 1 are accommodated.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in two respective perspective views, the plurality of presently four battery housings 8, in each of which the plurality of battery modules 1 are accommodated and which are arranged one above the other and connected to the stack 13.
  • the partial integration of the cooling device 6 in the stack 13 of the battery case 8 can be seen.
  • the flat cooling pipes or cooling elements 7 are arranged on the underside of the respective battery housing 8 or between two battery housings 8, each one above the other.
  • the individual cooling elements 7 are connected via supply lines 26, which in this case run, for example, in the corner region of the stack 13.
  • the designed as risers supply lines 26 have in the present case chokes.
  • the connections between the components of the cooling device 6 are optimized with respect to the flow resistance.
  • the stack 13 of battery housings 8 On its rear side, the stack 13 of battery housings 8 has a continuous channel 27, which connects the interior of the respective battery housing 8 with each other. This is formed by a recognizable in Fig. 3, each shaped end wall 28 in the bottom and cover member 9, 10 of the respective battery case 8, wherein also in the respective bottom and cover member 9, 10, a passage opening 29 is formed, via which the channel 27th is formed.
  • a seal 31 hen provided.
  • This seal 31 may be formed, for example, by a screw-in or plug-in sleeve through the respective passage openings 29 or through a seal which is inserted between the battery cases 8. In any case, it is to be achieved that the edge region 30 of the lead-through opening 29 of the one battery housing 8 with the seal 31 is sealed against the edge region 30 of the passage opening 29 of the adjacent battery case 8.
  • the respective layers 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1 are interconnected via the channel 27.
  • a strip or rod-like conductor can run within the channel 27.
  • Unused lead-through openings 29, for example on the underside of the lowermost or upper side of the uppermost battery housing 8 of the stack 13, may have been closed by a plug, for example.
  • Fig. 6 shows in a fragmentary and enlarged, schematic sectional view of the bottom element 9 of the battery case 8, which rests with a bottom plate 32 on a cover plate 33 of the battery housing 8 arranged thereunder.
  • plug-in connection elements 34 which are indicated at the bottom, protrude downwards from the bottom plate 32, which cooperate with other plug connection elements 34 projecting upward from the cover plate 33 such that the adjacent battery housings 8 are connected and positioned relative to one another.
  • forces in particular thrust forces, can be transmitted via the plug connection elements 34 in the event of an accidental application of force between the adjacent battery housings 8.
  • the plug connection elements 34 may be, for example, latches, blockers, domes, clips or the like.
  • FIG. 7 two adjacent battery housing 8 in the region of a connecting element 35 are shown in a sectional and enlarged sectional view.
  • the connecting element 35 in this case comprises a sleeve 36, which passes through the respective battery module 1 near an end face 41 in the vertical direction of the battery B, which also corresponds to the vehicle vertical direction.
  • two connecting elements 35 are provided per end face 41 of each battery module 1, that is, a total of four connecting elements 35 per battery module 1 and 32 connecting elements 35 per layer 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1.
  • this number may vary depending on the design, which depends, for example, on the number of layers 2, 3, 4, 5 or the size of the individual battery housing 8.
  • sleeve 36 Within the sleeve 36 extends an unrecognizable screw, which is supported with a head on top of the sleeve 36 on a plate 37 of the battery module 1, which is fixedly connected to the sleeve 36.
  • the sleeve 36 or the battery module 1 rests on a support part in the form of a dome part 38, which is accommodated in a form-like receptacle 42 in the plastic of the bottom plate 32 of the bottom element 9.
  • a screw 39 connects, which is firmly integrated in the plastic of the cover plate 33 of the cover member 10 or injected in the present case.
  • the screw element described above is screwed on the underside.
  • the battery module 1 When tightening the screw element in this case the battery module 1 is down against the bottom member 9 and clamped against the dome member 38, which in turn is supported on the cover plate 33 of the cover member 10 of the underlying battery housing 8.
  • the lid member 10 and the battery module 1 is centered and fixed by means of the dome member 38 relative to the cover plate 33 of the lid member 10 of the underlying battery case 8.
  • a free space 43 between a bottom 44 of the battery module 1 and the bottom plate 32 of the bottom member 9 of the respective battery module 1 receiving battery housing 8 is provided, which is filled, for example, with a filler made of a plastic material.
  • each two connecting elements 35 are provided, ie in the present case a total of four connecting elements 35 per battery module 1 and 16 connecting elements 35 per layer 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1, results in a total of a tension of the respective Battery housing 8 and the associated bottom / cover elements 9, 10, which have a very high performance in the event of accidental force application. Since the entire system is braced and shear fields are formed, the forces can be optimally transmitted. As a result, for example, the high accelerations in the rear impact of more than 90 g are damped by the tension and reduced, without causing destruction of the respective Battery housing 8 in the region of the connecting element 35 can come.
  • connection of the two superimposed battery housing 8 and the respective components thereof further cost advantages, since, for example, the bottom 15 of a protective housing 14 can be made smaller.
  • connection technology between the bottom and the stack of the battery case 8 can then be made simpler.
  • Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of the base plate or the bottom 15 of the protective housing 14, by means of which the stack 13 of battery housings 8 is housed.
  • tie rods 40 for supporting the stack 13 of the battery case 8 and the protective housing 14 are provided.
  • the tie rods 40 can also serve for installation or removal of the battery B by the upper side, for example, crane loops are screwed.
  • the battery B can be removed or installed including the protective housing 14 from the car.
  • 15 respective screw sleeves 39 or threaded holes are integrated in the base plate, which take over the functions described above in connection with FIG. 7 for holding the overlying bottom element 9 and the battery modules 8 accommodated by the battery modules 1.
  • FIG. 9 shows a perspective view and a sectional view of the protective housing 14 within which the stack 13 of battery housings is accommodated.
  • the lid 19 of the protective housing 14. This is like the bottom 15 also formed for example of a metal material such as a metal sheet.
  • the side walls 16 or their respective components 17, 18 are in the present case made of sheets on an aluminum or steel alloy basis and connected, for example, mitred in the corners. In the corners can additionally strips or the like can be used as a load distributor.
  • the side walls 16 can be pre-attached to the stack 13 of the battery case 8 for pre-assembly, in particular to unrecognizable fasteners, such as detent pins or the like, which at- For example, in the plastic, the respective battery case 8 formed or the like are arranged.
  • the side walls 14 and possibly also the cover 19 are first attached to the stack 13 and then connected to each other.
  • the components 15, 16 and 19 of the protective housing 14 can additionally be braced with one another.
  • About the tie rods 40 also in the stack 13 stacked battery case 8 can be clamped together.
  • the protective housing 14 can be formed with other plate elements made of different materials and in different designs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batterie (B) für einen elektrischen Antrieb eines Kraftwagens, mit einer Mehrzahl von Batteriemodulen (1), welche in jeweiligen Lagen (2, 3, 4, 5) übereinander angeordnet und in einem zugeordneten Gehäuse (8) aufgenommen sind. Um dabei eine Batterie (B) zu schaffen, welche verbesserte Unfalleigenschaften aufweist und darüber hinaus fertigungstechnisch einfach herstellbar ist, ist jede der übereinander angeordneten Lagen (2, 3, 4, 5) der Batteriemodule (1) in einem jeweils zugeordneten, separaten Batteriegehäuse (8) aufgenommen ist, welche in einem Stapel (13) übereinander angeordnet und untereinander verbunden sind, wobei das jeweilige Batteriemodul (1) über wenigstens ein Verbindungselement (35) mit dem zugeordneten Batteriegehäuse (8) sowie dem darunter angeordneten Batteriegehäuse (8) verbunden ist.The invention relates to a battery (B) for an electric drive of a motor vehicle, having a plurality of battery modules (1) which are arranged one above the other in respective positions (2, 3, 4, 5) and accommodated in an associated housing (8). In order to create a battery (B), which has improved accident characteristics and beyond manufacturing technology is easy to manufacture, each of the superimposed layers (2, 3, 4, 5) of the battery modules (1) in a respective associated, separate battery case ( 8), which are arranged one above the other in a stack (13) and connected to each other, wherein the respective battery module (1) via at least one connecting element (35) with the associated battery housing (8) and the underlying battery housing (8) is connected ,

Description

Batterie für einen elektrischen Antrieb eines Kraftwagens  Battery for an electric drive of a motor vehicle

BESCHREIBUNG: Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batterie für einen elektrischen Antrieb eines Kraftwagens gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 . Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung einen Kraftwagen mit einer solchen Batterie. DESCRIPTION The invention relates to a battery for an electric drive of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a motor vehicle with such a battery.

Die allermeisten Batterien für elektrische Antriebe von Kraftwagen werden heutzutage im Unterflurbereich der Fahrgastzelle eingebaut. Beispiele für derartige Einbauweisen sind der DE 10 2012 015 919 A1 und der DE 10 2015 014 033 A1 zu entnehmen, bei welchen jeweilige Batteriemodule, welche selbst jeweils eine Mehrzahl von miteinander verschalteten Batteriezellen umfassen, in einer Lage beziehungsweise Ebene angeordnet und in einem Batteriegehäuse aufgenommen sind. Diese bekannten Bauweisen sind nicht zuletzt wegen der erforderlichen aktiven Kühlung mit einem Kältemittel äußerst teuer. Zudem bedingen die erheblichen Abmaße der Batterie Einschränkungen hinsichtlich der Bauweise und der Fertigungstechnik, da die Batteriegehäuse üblicherweise relativ schwer abzudichten sind. The vast majority of batteries for electric drives of motor vehicles are now installed in the underfloor area of the passenger compartment. Examples of such installation methods can be found in DE 10 2012 015 919 A1 and DE 10 2015 014 033 A1, in which respective battery modules, which each themselves comprise a plurality of battery cells connected to one another, are arranged in a position or plane and accommodated in a battery housing are. These known constructions are extremely expensive not least because of the required active cooling with a refrigerant. In addition, the significant dimensions of the battery require restrictions in terms of construction and manufacturing technology, since the battery housing are usually relatively difficult to seal.

Aus der DE 10 2013 106 433 A1 ist bereits eine gattungsgemäße Batterie als bekannt zu entnehmen, bei der zwei Batteriemodule, in welchen üblicherweise jeweils eine Mehrzahl von miteinander verschalteten Batteriezellen zusammengefasst sind, in unterschiedlichen Lagen in Fahrzeughochrichtung übereinander angeordnet sind. Die beiden Batteriemodule sind dabei in einem gemeinsamen Batteriegehäuse aufgenommen, welches sich über die Höhe beider Lagen von Batteriemodulen erstreckt. Zwischen den beiden Batteriemodulen verläuft außerdem ein Versteifungselement beispielsweise in Form einer horizontalen Zwischenplatte bzw. Zwischenebene, welche die jeweiligen, einander gegenüberliegenden Gehäuseteile miteinander verbindet und hierdurch im Falle eines Aufpralls im Vorderwagenbereich eine Blockbildung des Batteriegehäuses begünstigen soll. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Batterie sowie einen Kraftwagen mit einer derartigen Batterie zu schaffen, welche verbesserte Unfalleigenschaften aufweist und darüber hinaus fertigungstechnisch einfach herstellbar ist. From DE 10 2013 106 433 A1 a generic battery is already known to be known, in which two battery modules, in each of which a plurality of interconnected battery cells are usually combined, are arranged one above the other in different positions in the vehicle vertical direction. The two battery modules are accommodated in a common battery housing, which extends over the height of both layers of battery modules. Between the two battery modules also runs a stiffening element, for example in the form of a horizontal intermediate plate or intermediate plane, which connects the respective opposite housing parts together and thereby favoring a block formation of the battery case in the event of an impact in the front area. Object of the present invention is to provide a battery and a motor vehicle with such a battery, which has improved accident characteristics and beyond manufacturing technology is easy to manufacture.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Batterie sowie einen Kraftwagen mit einer derartigen Batterie gemäß den Patentansprüchen 1 und 9 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen mit günstigen Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche. This object is achieved by a battery and a motor vehicle with such a battery according to claims 1 and 9. Advantageous embodiments with favorable developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Batterie zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass eine Mehrzahl von Batteriemodulen, welche jeweils eine Mehrzahl von miteinander verschalteten Batteriezellen umfasst, in wenigstens zwei Lagen in Fahrzeughochrichtung übereinander angeordnet ist. Diese Anordnung ermöglicht zunächst eine bauraumsparende Ausgestaltung der Batterie, sodass diese insbesondere, jedoch nicht ausschließlich, im Vorderwagenbereich beziehungsweise im Bereich der Vorbaustruktur/Knautschzone des Kraftwagens eingebaut werden kann. Dabei ist es erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass jede der übereinander angeordneten Lagen der Batteriemodule in einem jeweils zugeordneten, separaten Batteriegehäuse aufgenommen ist, welche in einem Stapel übereinander angeordnet und untereinander bzw. miteinander verbunden sind. Im Unterschied zum bisherigen Stand der Technik, insbesondere gemäß DE 10 2013 106 433 A1 , ist es somit erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass jede Lage der Batteriemodule in einem getrennt herstellbaren Batteriegehäuse aufgenommen ist. Dies bietet nämlich den erheblichen Vorteil, dass ein derartiges Batteriegehäuse äußert kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann, da es somit im Vergleich zum bisherigen Stand der Technik wesentlich kleiner ausgestaltet ist. Jedes dieser Batteriegehäuse kann dabei vorzugsweise zumindest im Wesentlichen als Gleichteil ausgebildet werden, was die Herstellung deutlich vereinfacht. Die jeweils eingesetzte Anzahl an Batteriegehäusen, welche der Anzahl der Lagen der Batteriemodule entspricht, kann dann in einem Stapel übereinander angeordnet werden, wobei beispielswei- se die jeweils benachbarten Batteriegehäuse über entsprechende Verbindungselemente miteinander verbunden werden. Der besondere Vorteile dieser einfache Bauweise der jeweiligen Batteriegehäuse ergibt sich nicht nur in der einfachen Herstellung, sondern auch in der entsprechend einfachen Möglichkeit, eine entsprechende Dichtigkeit und in Folge der größeren Variabilität bei der Anordnung der Batteriegehäuse übereinander auch hinsichtlich des Unfallverhaltens zu erreichen. Dabei kann der Stapel von Batteriegehäusen durch geeignete Maßnahmen äußerst schubsteif gestaltet werden. The battery according to the invention is characterized in that a plurality of battery modules, each comprising a plurality of interconnected battery cells, is arranged one above the other in at least two positions in the vehicle vertical direction. This arrangement initially allows a space-saving design of the battery, so that this particular, but not exclusively, can be installed in the front of the vehicle or in the area of the front end structure / crumple zone of the motor vehicle. It is inventively provided that each of the superimposed layers of the battery modules is accommodated in a respective associated, separate battery case, which are arranged one above the other in a stack and connected to each other or to each other. In contrast to the prior art, in particular according to DE 10 2013 106 433 A1, it is thus provided according to the invention that each layer of the battery modules is accommodated in a separately producible battery housing. This offers namely the considerable advantage that such a battery case can be made extremely low cost, since it is thus designed much smaller compared to the prior art. Each of these battery cases can preferably be formed at least substantially as a common part, which significantly simplifies the production. The respectively used number of battery housings, which corresponds to the number of layers of the battery modules, can then be arranged one above the other in a stack, wherein for example the respectively adjacent battery housings are connected to one another via corresponding connecting elements. The particular advantages of this simple design of the respective battery case results not only in the simple production, but also in the correspondingly simple way, a corresponding tightness and as a result of the larger Variability in the arrangement of the battery case over each other also in terms of accident behavior to achieve. In this case, the stack of battery housings can be made extremely shear-resistant by suitable measures.

Die Verbindung der Batteriegehäuse erfolgt dabei dadurch, dass das jeweilige Batteriemodul, welches innerhalb des zugeordneten Batteriegehäuses angeordnet ist, über wenigstens ein Verbindungselement mit besagtem Batteriegehäuse sowie dem darunter angeordneten Batteriegehäuse verbunden ist. Mit anderen Worten dient das jeweilige Verbindungselement nicht nur dazu, das entsprechende Batteriemodul innerhalb des zugehörigen Batteriegehäuses zu fixieren, sondern mittels des Verbindungselements wird besagtes Batteriegehäuse auch mit dem darunter liegenden Batteriegehäuse - oder entsprechende Einzelteile (Bodenelement und Deckelelement) von diesen - verbunden. Dabei können vorzugsweise pro Batteriemodul mehrere, beispielsweise zwei oder vier Verbindungselemente, eingesetzt werden, um einerseits das Batteriemodul zu fixieren und andererseits die Batteriegehäuse beziehungsweise deren Einzelteile (Bodenelement und Deckelelement) miteinander zu verbinden. The connection of the battery case takes place in that the respective battery module, which is arranged within the associated battery housing, is connected via at least one connecting element with said battery housing and the battery housing arranged underneath. In other words, the respective connecting element serves not only to fix the corresponding battery module within the associated battery housing, but by means of the connecting element, said battery housing is also connected to the underlying battery housing - or corresponding items (bottom element and cover element) of these -. In this case, it is preferably possible to use a plurality of, for example two or four connecting elements per battery module, in order to fix the battery module on the one hand and to connect the battery housing or its individual parts (bottom element and cover element) with one another on the other hand.

Somit kann die doppelte Wandstärke von zwei Batteriegehäusen zur Modul- verschraubung genutzt werden. Dabei bewirkt die Verspannung der jeweiligen Batteriegehäuse beziehungsweise Teilen davon eine sehr hohe Leistung im Falle einer unfallbedingten Kraftbeaufschlagung, da das Gesamtsystem verspannt wird und Schubfelder gebildet werden, welche die Kräfte optimal übertragen. Hierdurch können beispielsweise die hohen Beschleunigungen beim Heckaufprall von über 90 g durch die Verspannung gedämpft und abgebaute werden, ohne dass es zu einer Zerstörung des jeweiligen Batteriegehäuses im Bereich des Verbindungselements kommen kann. Zudem ent- stehen durch die Verbindung der zwei übereinander angeordneten Batteriegehäuse beziehungsweise jeweiligen Bauteilen davon weitere Kostenvorteile, da beispielsweise ein Boden eines Schutzgehäuses kleiner dimensioniert werden kann. Außerdem kann dann die Verbindungstechnologie zwischen dem Boden und dem Stapel der Batteriegehäuse einfacher ausgebildet sein. Thus, the double wall thickness of two battery housings can be used for modular screwing. The tension of the respective battery case or parts thereof causes a very high power in the event of an accidental force application, since the entire system is braced and shear fields are formed, which transmit the forces optimally. As a result, for example, the high accelerations in the rear impact of more than 90 g can be damped and degraded by the tension, without it can lead to destruction of the respective battery case in the region of the connecting element. In addition, due to the connection of the two battery housings arranged one above the other or respective components thereof, further cost advantages arise, since, for example, a bottom of a protective housing can be made smaller. In addition, then the connection technology between the bottom and the stack of battery case can be made simpler.

Die Batterie kann sowohl bei einem rein elektrisch angetriebenen Kraftwagen als auch bei einem Hybridfahrzeug zum Einsatz kommen. Dabei können gegebenenfalls auch mehrere Batterien zum Antrieb innerhalb des Kraftwagens verbaut sein. In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das jeweilige Batteriegehäuse zweischalig mit einem Bodenelement und einem Deckelelement ausgebildet. Dies ermöglicht nicht nur einen einfachen Aufbau und eine einfache Herstel- lung des Batteriegehäuses, sondern überdies eine leichte Verbindung des Bodenelements des einen Batteriegehäuse mit dem Deckelelement des darunter angeordneten weiteren Batteriegehäuses unter Vermittlung des wenigstens einen Verbindungselements, mittels welchem auch das entsprechend zugeordnete Batteriemodul mit dem beiden Batteriegehäusen bezie- hungsweise deren Boden-/Deckelelement verbunden wird. The battery can be used both in a purely electrically powered motor vehicle and in a hybrid vehicle. It may optionally be installed to drive within the motor vehicle and several batteries. In a further embodiment of the invention, the respective battery housing is formed with two shells with a bottom element and a cover element. This not only allows a simple construction and a simple production of the battery case, but also a slight connection of the bottom element of a battery case with the cover element of the further battery housing arranged below mediated by at least one connecting element, by means of which also the correspondingly associated battery module with the both battery housings or their bottom / cover element is connected.

Eine besonders einfache und gleichermaßen schubsteife Verbbindung lässt sich zudem erreichen, wenn das jeweilige Batteriemodul über das Verbindungselement mit einer Deckelplatte des darunter angeordneten Batteriege- häuse beziehungsweise dessen Deckelelements verbunden ist. A particularly simple and equally rigid connection can also be achieved if the respective battery module is connected via the connecting element to a cover plate of the battery housing or the cover element arranged underneath.

Zudem ergibt sich ein besonders schubsteifer Verbund des Stapels von Batteriegehäusen, wenn das das jeweilige Batteriemodul aufnehmende Bodenelement über das Verbindungselement zwischen dem jeweiligen Batte- riemodul und dem Deckelement des darunter angeordneten Batteriegehäuses verspannt ist. Hierzu ist in der Bodenplatte des das jeweilige Batteriemodul aufnehmenden Bodenelements in weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ein Stützelement, insbesondere ein Domelement, integriert, über welches das Bodenelement zwischen dem jeweiligen Batteriemodul und dem Deckelement des darunter angeordneten Batteriegehäuses verspannt ist. Ein derartiges Stützelement beziehungsweise Domelement dient dabei als Zentrierungshilfe bei der Montage des Stapels der Batteriegehäuse in dessen Hochrichtung, welche vorliegend auch der Fahrzeughochrichtung entspricht. In addition, a particularly shear-resistant composite of the stack of battery housings, when the respective battery module receiving bottom element is clamped over the connecting element between the respective Batte- riemodul and the cover element of the underlying battery housing. For this purpose, in the bottom plate of the respective battery module receiving bottom element in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a support element, in particular a dome element integrated, via which the bottom element between the respective battery module and the cover element of the battery housing arranged underneath is clamped. Such a support element or dome element serves as a centering aid in the assembly of the stack of battery cases in its vertical direction, which in the present case also corresponds to the vehicle vertical direction.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das jeweilige Batteriegehäuse aus einem Kunststoff, insbesondere einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff, gebildet ist. Ein aus derartigem Kunststoff hergestelltes Batteriegehäuse ist nicht nur kostengünstig und einfach herstellbar, son- dem darüber hinaus können an dieses auch in einfacher Weise entsprechende Funktionselemente zur Versteifung, zum Verbund mit anderen Bauteilen oder dergleichen angeformt sein. Dabei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn zumindest eine Anzahl der übereinander gestapelten Batteriegehäuse - zumindest im Wesentlichen - formidentisch ausgebildet sind. Unter form- identisch ist dabei insbesondere zu verstehen, dass alle Batteriegehäuse beziehungsweise deren jeweilige Bauteile in derselben Form, beispielsweise Spritzgussform, hergestellt werden können. Hierdurch können die Kosten der Batterie aufgrund der Gleichteile erheblich gesenkt werden. A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the respective battery housing is formed from a plastic, in particular a fiber-reinforced plastic. A battery housing made of such plastic is not only inexpensive and easy to produce, but also on this corresponding functional elements for stiffening, for bonding with other components or the like can be integrally formed on this. It is particularly advantageous if at least a number of the stacked battery housing - at least substantially - are formed identical in shape. Under identical is to be understood in particular that all battery case or their respective components in the same form, such as injection mold, can be made. As a result, the cost of the battery can be significantly reduced due to the common parts.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in das Deckelelement eine Schraubhülse oder dergleichen Halteelement des Verbindungselements integriert. Dies kann in besonders einfacher Weise der Fall sein, wenn das Deckelelement aus einem Kunststoff hergestellt ist. In a further embodiment of the invention, a screw sleeve or similar retaining element of the connecting element is integrated in the cover element. This can be the case in a particularly simple manner if the cover element is made of a plastic.

Zudem ist es in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorteilhaft, wenn zwischen einer Unterseite des Batteriemoduls und der Bodenplatte des - das Batteriemodul aufnehmenden - Bodenelements ein Freiraum vorgesehen ist. Somit kann wirkungsvoll eine Doppelpassung vermieden und das darüber liegende Bodenelement mit dem darunter angeordneten Deckelelement der zugeordneten Batteriegehäuse verbunden werden. In addition, in a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous if a free space is provided between an underside of the battery module and the bottom plate of the bottom module receiving the battery module. Thus, a double fit can be effectively avoided and the overlying floor element can be connected to the underlying cover element of the associated battery housing.

Vorzugsweise ist der Stapel von Batteriegehäusen von einem Schutzgehäuse der Batterie umgeben. Dieses Schutzgehäuse muss - da es vorzugswei- se keine Dichtfunktion hat - nicht entsprechend geschlossen ausgeführt sein, sondern kann auch teilweise geöffnet sein. Da eine derartige Dichtfunktion vorzugsweise nicht erforderlich ist, kann das Schutzgehäuse entsprechend einfach gestaltet werden und insbesondere hinsichtlich der Stabilität und Steifigkeit der Batterie, insbesondere im Hinblick auf deren Unfallverhal- ten, optimiert sein. Hierzu kann das Schutzgehäuse zumindest partiell durch entsprechende Seitenwände oder dergleichen Elemente gebildet sein, welche ein entsprechendes Absorptionsvermögen für Unfallenergie aufweisen. In einer alternativen Ausgestaltungsform wäre es jedoch theoretisch auch denkbar, ein derartiges Schutzgehäuse dicht auszubilden. Preferably, the stack of battery housings is surrounded by a protective housing of the battery. This protective housing, since it preferably has no sealing function, does not have to be correspondingly closed, but may also be partially open. Since such a sealing function is preferably not required, the protective housing can be designed correspondingly simple and, in particular with regard to the stability and rigidity of the battery, in particular with regard to their accident behavior, be optimized. For this purpose, the protective housing may be at least partially formed by corresponding side walls or similar elements which have a corresponding absorption capacity for accident energy. In an alternative embodiment, however, it would theoretically also be conceivable to make such a protective housing dense.

Die vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit der erfindungsgemäßen Batterie beschriebenen Vorteile gelten ebenso für den erfindungsgemäßen gemäß Patentanspruch 9. Im Folgenden sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung beschrieben. Hierzu zeigt: eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung auf die wesentlichen Komponenten der erfindungsgemäßen Batterie gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform, eine schematische und ausschnittsweise Schnittansicht auf die im Vorderwagen eines Kraftwagens eingebaute Batterie gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform, eine Perspektivansicht auf ein Bodenelement und ein Deckelelement eines der Batteriegehäuse der erfindungsgemäßen Batterie, jeweilige Perspektivansichten der Batterie gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform, bei der eine Mehrzahl von Batteriegehäusen, in welchen jeweils eine Mehrzahl von Batteriemodulen aufgenommen sind, in einem Stapel übereinander angeordnet und untereinander verbunden sind, eine Schnittansicht durch den Stapel übereinander angeordneter Batteriegehäuse der Batterie gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform, eine ausschnittsweise und vergrößerte, schematische Schnittansicht auf ein Bodenelement und ein Deckelelement jeweils übereinander angeordneter Batteriegehäuse, wobei jedes der Bauteile jeweilige Steckverbindungselemente umfasst, über welche die benachbarten Batteriegehäuse relativ zueinander positionierbar und gegenseitig in Schubrichtung abstützbar sind, eine ausschnittsweise und vergrößerte Schnittansicht auf jeweilige, einander benachbarte Batteriegehäuse im Bereich eines Verbindungselements, mittels welchem einerseits ein Batteriemodul innerhalb des zugehörigen Batteriegehäuses fixierbar und andererseits das Batteriegehäuse mit dem darunter angeordneten, benachbarten Batteriegehäuse verbindbar ist, The advantages described above in connection with the battery according to the invention also apply to the inventive according to claim 9. In the following, embodiments of the invention are described. This shows: an exploded perspective view of the essential components of the battery according to the invention according to an advantageous embodiment, a schematic and partial sectional view of the built-in front of a motor vehicle battery according to an advantageous embodiment, a perspective view of a bottom element and a cover element of the battery case of the battery according to the invention, respective perspective views the battery according to an advantageous embodiment, in which a plurality of battery housings, in each of which a plurality of battery modules are accommodated, stacked in a stack and interconnected, a sectional view through the stack of superimposed battery housing of the battery according to an advantageous embodiment, a partial and enlarged, schematic sectional view of a bottom element and a lid member each übereinange ang eordneter battery housing, each of the components comprises respective connector elements, via which the adjacent battery housing relative to each other positionable and mutually supportable in the thrust direction, a partial and enlarged sectional view of respective, adjacent battery housing in the region of a connecting element, by means of which on the one hand, a battery module within the associated Battery housing fixed and on the other hand, the battery case is connected to the underlying, adjacent battery housing connectable,

Fig. 8 eine Perspektivansicht auf eine Grundplatte eines Schutzgehäuses des Stapels von Batteriegehäusen, in dessen Eckbe- reich jeweilige Zuganker zur Halterung des Stapels der Batteriegehäuse bzw. des Schutzgehäuses vorgesehen sind, 8 is a perspective view of a base plate of a protective housing of the stack of battery housings, in the Eckbe- Rich respective tie rods are provided for holding the stack of the battery case or the protective housing,

Fig. 9 eine Perspektivansicht sowie eine Schnittansicht des Schutz- gehäuses, innerhalb welchem der Stapel von Batteriegehäusen aufgenommen ist. 9 shows a perspective view and a sectional view of the protective housing, inside which the stack of battery housings is accommodated.

Bei den im Folgenden erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen handelt es sich um bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung. Bei den Ausführungsbeispie- len stellen die beschriebenen Komponenten der Ausführungsformen jeweils einzelne, unabhängig voneinander zu betrachtende Merkmale der Erfindung dar, welche die Erfindung jeweils auch unabhängig voneinander weiterbilden und damit auch einzeln oder in einer anderen als der gezeigten Kombination als Bestandteil der Erfindung anzusehen sind. Des Weiteren sind die be- schriebenen Ausführungsformen auch durch weitere der bereits beschriebenen Merkmale der Erfindung ergänzbar. The exemplary embodiments explained below are preferred embodiments of the invention. In the exemplary embodiments, the described components of the embodiments each represent individual features of the invention, which are to be considered independently of one another, which each further develop the invention independently of one another and thus also individually or in a different combination than the one shown as part of the invention. Furthermore, the described embodiments can also be supplemented by further features of the invention already described.

In den Figuren sind funktionsgleiche Elemente jeweils mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen. In the figures, functionally identical elements are each provided with the same reference numerals.

In Fig. 1 sind in einer perspektivischen Explosionsdarstellung die wesentlichen Komponenten einer rechts in einer schematischen Perspektivansicht zusätzlich zusammengebaut dargestellten Batterie B zu erkennen. Hierbei umfasst die Batterie B zunächst eine Mehrzahl von Batteriemodulen 1 , von denen im vorliegenden Fall beispielsweise jeweils vier Stück nebeneinander in einer horizontalen Ebene beziehungsweise in Fahrzeughochrichtung auf einer gemeinsamen Höhe in einer entsprechenden Lage 2, 3, 4, 5 angeordnet sind. Mit anderen Worten sind vorliegend jeweils vier Batteriemodule 1 auf gleicher Höhe beziehungsweise innerhalb einer entsprechenden Lage 2, 3, 4, 5 angeordnet, wobei die Mehrzahl dieser Lagen 2, 3, 4, 5 auf im Weiteren noch näher beschriebene Weise übereinander angeordnet sind. Jedes Batteriemodul 1 wird gebildet durch eine Vielzahl von miteinander parallel und/oder seriell verschalteten Batteriezellen. Die Ausgangsspannung des jeweiligen Batteriemoduls 1 ist demzufolge entsprechend größer als die Ausgangsspannung der jeweiligen Mehrzahl von zugehörigen Batteriezellen. Die Ausgangsspannung der gesamten Batterie B ist demnach größer als die der jeweiligen Batteriemodule 1 , welche entsprechend miteinander verschaltet sind. Weiterhin umfasst die Batterie B eine im Weiteren noch näher beschriebene Kühleinrichtung 6, innerhalb welcher ein Kühlmittel zirkuliert. Die Kühleinrichtung 6 umfasst dabei eine Mehrzahl von flachen Kühlelementen beziehungsweise Kühlleitungen 7, von welchen jeweils vier auf einer gemeinsa- men Ebene beziehungsweise in einer Ebene verlaufen. Die Kühlelemente beziehungsweise Kühlleitungen 7 verlaufen dabei auf im Weiteren noch näher beschriebene Weise jeweils unterseitig des zugehörigen Batteriemoduls 1 beziehungsweise unterseitig der jeweiligen Lage 2, 3, 4, 5 von Batteriemodulen 1 . FIG. 1 shows in a perspective exploded view the essential components of a battery B which is additionally assembled on the right in a schematic perspective view. In this case, the battery B initially comprises a plurality of battery modules 1, of which in the present case, for example, four each side by side in a horizontal plane or in the vehicle vertical direction at a common height in a corresponding position 2, 3, 4, 5 are arranged. In other words, in each case four battery modules 1 are arranged at the same height or within a corresponding position 2, 3, 4, 5, wherein the plurality of these layers 2, 3, 4, 5 are arranged one above the other in a manner described in more detail below. Each battery module 1 is formed by a multiplicity of battery cells connected in parallel and / or in series with one another. The output voltage of the respective battery module 1 is therefore correspondingly greater than the output voltage of the respective plurality of associated battery cells. The output voltage of the entire battery B is therefore greater than that of the respective battery modules 1, which are connected in accordance with each other. Furthermore, the battery B comprises a further described in more detail below cooling device 6, within which a coolant circulates. In this case, the cooling device 6 comprises a plurality of flat cooling elements or cooling lines 7, of which four in each case run on a common plane or in a plane. In this case, the cooling elements or cooling lines 7 run in each case in a manner described in more detail below, respectively, of the associated battery module 1 or, on the underside, of the respective layer 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1.

Die jeweilige Lage 2, 3, 4, 5 von Batteriemodulen 1 ist dabei innerhalb eines jeweils zugeordneten Batteriegehäuses 8 aufgenommen, wie eines davon in Fig. 3 in einer jeweiligen Perspektivansicht eines Bodenelements 9 und eines Deckelelements 10 des Batteriegehäuses 8 erkennbar ist. Das Bodenele- ment 9 und das zugehörige Deckelelement 10 werden dabei nach dem Bestücken mit den jeweils zugehörigen vier Batteriemodulen 1 der entsprechenden Lage 2, 3, 4, 5 im Bereich jeweiliger, einander zugeordneter Flansche 1 1 , 12 unter Vermittlung einer nicht weiter erkennbaren Dichtung verschlossen. Da im vorliegenden Fall vier Lagen 2, 3, 4, 5 von Batteriemodulen 1 vorgesehen sind, sind demzufolge entsprechend vier Batteriegehäuse 8 in einem in Fig. 1 erkennbaren Stapel 13 übereinander angeordnet. Dabei sind die jeweiligen Batteriegehäuse 8 gegenseitig positioniert und auf nachfolgend noch beschriebene Weise miteinander beziehungsweise untereinander verbunden. The respective layer 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1 is received within a respective associated battery case 8, as one of them in Fig. 3 in a respective perspective view of a bottom member 9 and a cover member 10 of the battery case 8 can be seen. The bottom element 9 and the associated cover element 10 are, after being fitted with the respectively associated four battery modules 1 of the corresponding layer 2, 3, 4, 5 in the region of respective, mutually associated flanges 1 1, 12 through the intermediary of a not further recognizable seal locked. Since four layers 2, 3, 4, 5 are provided by battery modules 1 in the present case, four battery cases 8 are accordingly arranged one above the other in a stack 13 which can be seen in FIG. In this case, the respective battery case 8 are mutually positioned and connected to each other or each other in the manner described below.

Der Stapel 13 der Batteriegehäuse 8 mit der Kühleinrichtung 6 ist in einem Schutzgehäuse 14 aufgenommen, welches in Fig. 1 ebenfalls explosionsartig dargestellt ist. Dieses Schutzgehäuse 14 umfasst zunächst einen Boden 15 sowie jeweilige vier Seitenwände 16, welche vorliegend jeweils aus zwei Teilen beziehungsweise Lagen 17 und 18 zusammengesetzt sind. Im vorliegenden Fall sind diese beiden Teile beispielsweise ein Wellblech 17 und ein zugehöriges Schließblech 18, um somit ein jeweils gut energieabsorbierendes, mehrlagiges Bauteil zu erreichen. Zudem umfasst das Schutzgehäuse 14 einen Deckel 19, sodass der Stapel von Batteriegehäusen 8 im vorliegen- den Fall durch das Schutzgehäuse 14 vollständig umschlossen ist. Das Schutzgehäuse 14 wird hierbei auch als Crashpanzer bezeichnet und ist in Fig. 1 rechts nochmals in zusammengebauter Form in einer entsprechenden Perspektivansicht erkennbar. Fig. 2 zeigt in einer schematischen Schnittansicht einen vor einer Fahrgastzelle 20 angeordneten Vorderwagen 21 beziehungsweise eine Vorbaustruktur/Knautschzone eines Personenkraftwagens, in deren Bereich die Batterie B angeordnet ist. Die Batterie B ist dabei auf Höhe oberhalb einer Vorder- achse 20 des Kraftwagens auf ansonsten nicht näher erkennbare Weise an entsprechenden Bauteilen der Karosserie beziehungsweise an Hilfsrahmen- elementen, welche rohbauseitig an der Karosserie befestigt sind, gehalten. Hierbei ist die Batterie B in die Crashsysteme des Fahrzeugs mit eingebunden. The stack 13 of the battery housing 8 with the cooling device 6 is received in a protective housing 14, which is also shown in Fig. 1 also explosively. This protective housing 14 initially comprises a bottom 15 and respective four side walls 16, which in the present case are each composed of two parts or layers 17 and 18. In the present case, these two parts, for example, a corrugated sheet 17 and an associated striking plate 18, so as to achieve a good energy-absorbing, multi-layered component. In addition, the protective housing 14 comprises a cover 19, so that the stack of battery housings 8 in the present case is completely enclosed by the protective housing 14. The protective housing 14 is here also referred to as crash armor and can be seen in Fig. 1 right again in assembled form in a corresponding perspective view. 2 shows, in a schematic sectional view, a front vehicle 21 arranged in front of a passenger compartment 20 or a front structure / crumple zone of a passenger vehicle, in the region of which the battery B is arranged. The battery B is at height above a front axle 20 of the motor vehicle in otherwise otherwise not apparent manner on corresponding components of the body or on subframe elements, which are attached to the body side of the body, held. In this case, the battery B is integrated into the crash systems of the vehicle.

Aus Fig. 2 wird dabei insbesondere klar, dass die im Vorderwagen 21 verbaute Batterie B durch die sehr gute Lage analog zu einem Verbrennungsmotor beziehungsweise anstellte von diesem verbaut werden kann. Durch den hohen Aufbau der Batterie B mit den mehreren Lagen 2, 3, 4, 5 von Batteriemodulen 1 in den entsprechenden Batteriegehäusen 8 und deren Anordnung übereinander zu dem Stapel 13 ergibt sich dabei die Möglichkeit, den Bauraum, welcher bei Kraftwagen mit Verbrennungsmotor durch diesen eingesetzt wird, in optimaler Weise zu nutzen. Durch das Schutzgehäuse 14 ist der Stapel 13 der Batteriegehäuse 8 dabei in optimaler Weise geschützt. From Fig. 2 it is particularly clear that the built-in front bumper 21 battery B can be installed by the very good location analogous to an internal combustion engine or anstellte of this. Due to the high construction of the battery B with the several layers 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1 in the corresponding battery cases 8 and their arrangement one above the other to the stack 13, this gives the possibility of the space, which in motor vehicles with internal combustion engine through this is used in an optimal way to use. Through the protective housing 14 of the stack 13 of the battery case 8 is protected in an optimal manner.

Das jeweilige Batteriegehäuse 8 beziehungsweise dessen Einzelteile, im vorliegenden Fall das Bodenelement 9 und das Deckelelement 10, sind aus ein einem Kunststoff, insbesondere einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff, gebildet und zum Beispiel in einem Spritzgussverfahren hergestellt. Die Verwen- dung von Kunststoff hat dabei nicht nur den Vorteil einer einfachen und kostengünstigen Herstellung der formidentisch ausgebildeten Batteriegehäuse 8, sondern es können auch in einfacher Weise Funktionselement wie beispielsweise Elemente/Rippen einer Versteifungsstruktur 23 und/oder Steckverbindungelemente 24 (Fig.6) zur Verbindung des Batteriegehäuses 8 mit dem benachbarten Batteriegehäuse 8 vorgesehen werden. Zudem eignet sich Kunststoff in besonderer Weise, um Verstärkungselemente wie Einleger, Schraubhülsen oder dergleichen oder aber auch Funktionselemente der Kühleinrichtung 6 in das jeweilige Batteriegehäuse zu integrieren. Die Versteifungsstruktur 23 mit den Rippen ist dabei insbesondere für entsprechende Lastfälle bei einer unfallbedingten Kraftbeaufschlagung vorgesehen. Die Flansche 1 1 , 12 des Boden- und des Deckelelements 9, 10 sind beispielsweise in Standardgeometrie gebildet und über Schrauben miteinander verbunden. Des Weiteren ist aus Fig. 3 erkennbar, dass durch jeweilige Stege 25 entsprechende Fächer innerhalb des Boden- und des Deckelelements 9, 10 unterteilt sind, innerhalb welchen die jeweiligen Batteriemodule 1 aufge- nommen sind. The respective battery housing 8 or its individual parts, in the present case the bottom element 9 and the cover element 10, are formed from a plastic, in particular a fiber-reinforced plastic, and produced, for example, in an injection molding process. The use of plastic not only has the advantage of a simple and cost-effective production of form-identical battery housing 8, but it can also in a simple way functional element such as elements / ribs of a stiffening structure 23 and / or connector elements 24 (Figure 6) Connection of the battery case 8 are provided with the adjacent battery case 8. In addition, plastic is in a special way to integrate reinforcing elements such as inserts, screw sleeves or the like or even functional elements of the cooling device 6 in the respective battery case. The stiffening structure 23 with the ribs is provided in particular for corresponding load cases in an accidental application of force. The flanges 1 1, 12 of the bottom and the lid member 9, 10 are formed for example in standard geometry and connected to each other via screws. Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 3 that corresponding compartments are divided by respective webs 25 within the bottom and cover elements 9, 10, within which the respective battery modules 1 are accommodated.

Fig. 4 zeigt in zwei jeweiligen Perspektivansichten die Mehrzahl von vorliegend vier Batteriegehäusen 8, in welchen jeweils die Mehrzahl von Batte- emodulen 1 aufgenonnnnen sind und welche dem Stapel 13 übereinander angeordnet und untereinander verbunden sind. Zudem ist vorliegend die teilweise Integration der Kühleinrichtung 6 in den Stapel 13 der Batteriegehäuse 8 erkennbar. Hierbei sind die flachen Kühlleitungen beziehungsweise Kühlelemente 7 unterseitig des jeweiligen Batteriegehäuses 8 beziehungsweise zwischen zwei jeweils übereinander benachbarten Batteriegehäusen 8 angeordnet. Die einzelnen Kühlelemente 7 sind dabei über Versorgungsleitungen 26 verbunden, welche vorliegend beispielsweise im Eckbereich des Stapels 13 verlaufen. Die als Steigleitungen konzipierten Versorgungsleitungen 26 weisen vorliegend Drosseln auf. Zudem sind die Steckverbindungen zwischen den Bauteilen der Kühleinrichtung 6 hinsichtlich des Strömungswi- derstandes optimiert. 4 shows, in two respective perspective views, the plurality of presently four battery housings 8, in each of which the plurality of battery modules 1 are accommodated and which are arranged one above the other and connected to the stack 13. In addition, in the present case, the partial integration of the cooling device 6 in the stack 13 of the battery case 8 can be seen. Here, the flat cooling pipes or cooling elements 7 are arranged on the underside of the respective battery housing 8 or between two battery housings 8, each one above the other. The individual cooling elements 7 are connected via supply lines 26, which in this case run, for example, in the corner region of the stack 13. The designed as risers supply lines 26 have in the present case chokes. In addition, the connections between the components of the cooling device 6 are optimized with respect to the flow resistance.

Auf seiner Rückseite weist der Stapel 13 von Batteriegehäusen 8 einen durchgehenden Kanal 27 auf, der das Innere der jeweiligen Batteriegehäuse 8 miteinander verbindet. Dieser wird durch eine in Fig. 3 erkennbare, jeweils ausgeformte Stirnwand 28 im Boden- und Deckelelement 9, 10 des jeweiligen Batteriegehäuses 8 gebildet, wobei außerdem im jeweiligen Boden- und Deckelelement 9, 10 eine Durchführungsöffnung 29 ausgebildet ist, über welche der Kanal 27 gebildet ist. Damit der gesamte Stapel 13 der Batteriegehäuse 8 dennoch in sich dicht ist, ist - wie dies aus der Schnittansicht durch den Stapel 13 gemäß Fig. 5 erkennbar ist - zwischen dem Randbereich 30 der Durchführungsöffnung 29 des einen Batteriegehäuses 8 und dem Randbereich 30 der Durchführungsöffnung 29 des benachbarten Batteriegehäuses 8 eine Dichtung 31 vorgese- hen. Diese Dichtung 31 kann beispielsweise durch eine Einschraub- oder Steckmuffe durch die jeweiligen Durchführungsöffnungen 29 hindurch gebildet sein oder durch eine Dichtung, welche zwischen den Batteriegehäusen 8 eingelegt wird. In jedem Fall soll erreicht werden, dass der Randbereich 30 der Durchführungsöffnung 29 des einen Batteriegehäuses 8 mit der Dichtung 31 gegen den Randbereich 30 der Durchführungsöffnung 29 des benachbarten Batteriegehäuses 8 abgedichtet ist. On its rear side, the stack 13 of battery housings 8 has a continuous channel 27, which connects the interior of the respective battery housing 8 with each other. This is formed by a recognizable in Fig. 3, each shaped end wall 28 in the bottom and cover member 9, 10 of the respective battery case 8, wherein also in the respective bottom and cover member 9, 10, a passage opening 29 is formed, via which the channel 27th is formed. Thus, the entire stack 13 of the battery case 8 is still tight in itself is - as can be seen from the sectional view through the stack 13 of FIG. 5 - between the edge region 30 of the passage opening 29 of a battery case 8 and the edge region 30 of the passage opening 29th of the adjacent battery housing 8, a seal 31 hen provided. This seal 31 may be formed, for example, by a screw-in or plug-in sleeve through the respective passage openings 29 or through a seal which is inserted between the battery cases 8. In any case, it is to be achieved that the edge region 30 of the lead-through opening 29 of the one battery housing 8 with the seal 31 is sealed against the edge region 30 of the passage opening 29 of the adjacent battery case 8.

Über den Kanal 27 sind insbesondere die jeweiligen Lagen 2, 3, 4, 5 von Batteriemodulen 1 miteinander verschaltet. Hierbei kann beispielsweise ein leisten- oder stabartiger Leiter innerhalb des Kanals 27 verlaufen. Nicht benötigte Durchführungsöffnungen 29, beispielsweise unterseitig des untersten beziehungsweise oberseitig des obersten Batteriegehäuses 8 des Stapels 13, können beispielsweise durch einen Stopfen verschlossen worden. In particular, the respective layers 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1 are interconnected via the channel 27. In this case, for example, a strip or rod-like conductor can run within the channel 27. Unused lead-through openings 29, for example on the underside of the lowermost or upper side of the uppermost battery housing 8 of the stack 13, may have been closed by a plug, for example.

Fig. 6 zeigt in einer ausschnittsweisen und vergrößerten, schematischen Schnittansicht das Bodenelement 9 eines der Batteriegehäuse 8, welches mit einer Bodenplatte 32 auf einer Deckelplatte 33 des darunter angeordneten Batteriegehäuses 8 ruht. Von der Bodenplatte 32 stehen dabei beispiel- haft angedeutete Steckverbindungselemente 34 nach unten hin ab, welche mit nach oben von der Deckelplatte 33 abstehenden weiteren Steckverbindungselementen 34 derart miteinander zusammen wirken, dass die benachbarten Batteriegehäuse 8 relativ zueinander verbunden und positioniert sind. Hierdurch lässt sich beispielsweise die Montage des Stapels 13 der Batterie- gehäuse 8 stark erleichtern. Zudem können über die Steckverbindungselemente 34 Kräfte, insbesondere Schubkräfte, bei einer unfallbedingten Kraftbeaufschlagung zwischen den benachbarten Batteriegehäusen 8 übertragen werden. Durch die schubsteife Verbindung der Batteriegehäuse 8 kann somit die Steifigkeit der Batterie B auf diesem Weg erheblich verbessert werden. Bei den Steckverbindungselementen 34 kann es sich beispielsweise um Verrastungen, Blocker, Dome, Clipse oder dergleichen handeln. Fig. 6 shows in a fragmentary and enlarged, schematic sectional view of the bottom element 9 of the battery case 8, which rests with a bottom plate 32 on a cover plate 33 of the battery housing 8 arranged thereunder. By way of example, plug-in connection elements 34, which are indicated at the bottom, protrude downwards from the bottom plate 32, which cooperate with other plug connection elements 34 projecting upward from the cover plate 33 such that the adjacent battery housings 8 are connected and positioned relative to one another. As a result, for example, the assembly of the stack 13 of the battery housing 8 can be greatly facilitated. In addition, forces, in particular thrust forces, can be transmitted via the plug connection elements 34 in the event of an accidental application of force between the adjacent battery housings 8. By the rigid connection of the battery case 8 thus the rigidity of the battery B can be significantly improved in this way. The plug connection elements 34 may be, for example, latches, blockers, domes, clips or the like.

In Fig. 7 sind in einer ausschnittsweisen und vergrößerten Schnittansicht zwei einander benachbarte Batteriegehäuse 8 im Bereich eines Verbin- dungselements 35 dargestellt. Das Verbindungselement 35 umfasst dabei eine Hülse 36, welche das jeweilige Batteriemodul 1 nahe einer Stirnseite 41 in Hochrichtung der Batterie B, welche auch der Fahrzeughochrichtung entspricht, durchsetzt. Im vorliegenden Fall sind pro Stirnseite 41 jedes Batteriemoduls 1 jeweils zwei Verbindungselemente 35 vorgesehen, also vorlie- gend insgesamt vier Verbindungselemente 35 pro Batteriemodul 1 und 32 Verbindungselemente 35 pro Lage 2, 3, 4, 5 von Batteriemodulen 1 . Es ist jedoch klar, dass diese Anzahl je nach Ausführung, welche beispielsweise von der Anzahl der Lagen 2, 3, 4 ,5 oder der Größe des einzelnen Batteriegehäuses 8 abhängt, variieren kann. Innerhalb der Hülse 36 verläuft ein nicht erkennbares Schraubelement, welches sich mit einem Kopf oberseitig der Hülse 36 auf einer Platte 37 des Batteriemoduls 1 abstützt, welche fest mit der Hülse 36 verbunden ist. Unter- seitig sitzt die Hülse 36 beziehungsweise das Batteriemodul 1 auf einem Stützteil in Form eines Domteils 38 auf, welches in einer formgleichen Aufnahme 42 im Kunststoff der Bodenplatte 32 des Bodenelements 9 aufgenommen ist. Nach unten hin schließt sich eine Schraubhülse 39 an, welche fest in den Kunststoff der Deckelplatte 33 des Deckelelements 10 integriert beziehungsweise vorliegend eingespritzt ist. In besagte Schraubhülse 39 ist das oben beschriebene Schraubelement unterseitig eingeschraubt. Beim Anziehen des Schraubelements wird hierbei das Batteriemodul 1 nach unten ge- gen das Bodenelement 9 und gegen das Domteil 38 gespannt, welches sich seinerseits an der Deckelplatte 33 des Deckelelements 10 des darunter liegenden Batteriegehäuses 8 abstützt. Hierbei wird das Deckelelement 10 und das Batteriemodul 1 mittels des Domteils 38 relativ zur Deckelplatte 33 des Deckelelements 10 des darunter liegenden Batteriegehäuses 8 zentriert und fixiert. In Fig. 7, two adjacent battery housing 8 in the region of a connecting element 35 are shown in a sectional and enlarged sectional view. The connecting element 35 in this case comprises a sleeve 36, which passes through the respective battery module 1 near an end face 41 in the vertical direction of the battery B, which also corresponds to the vehicle vertical direction. In the present case, two connecting elements 35 are provided per end face 41 of each battery module 1, that is, a total of four connecting elements 35 per battery module 1 and 32 connecting elements 35 per layer 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1. However, it is clear that this number may vary depending on the design, which depends, for example, on the number of layers 2, 3, 4, 5 or the size of the individual battery housing 8. Within the sleeve 36 extends an unrecognizable screw, which is supported with a head on top of the sleeve 36 on a plate 37 of the battery module 1, which is fixedly connected to the sleeve 36. On the underside, the sleeve 36 or the battery module 1 rests on a support part in the form of a dome part 38, which is accommodated in a form-like receptacle 42 in the plastic of the bottom plate 32 of the bottom element 9. Downwards, a screw 39 connects, which is firmly integrated in the plastic of the cover plate 33 of the cover member 10 or injected in the present case. In said screw sleeve 39, the screw element described above is screwed on the underside. When tightening the screw element in this case the battery module 1 is down against the bottom member 9 and clamped against the dome member 38, which in turn is supported on the cover plate 33 of the cover member 10 of the underlying battery housing 8. Here, the lid member 10 and the battery module 1 is centered and fixed by means of the dome member 38 relative to the cover plate 33 of the lid member 10 of the underlying battery case 8.

Um eine Doppelpassung zu vermeiden ist hierbei ein Freiraum 43 zwischen einer Unterseite 44 des Batteriemoduls 1 und der Bodenplatte 32 des Bodenelements 9 des das jeweilige Batteriemodul 1 aufnehmenden Batteriege- häuses 8 vorgesehen, welcher beispielsweise mit einem Füller aus einem Kunststoffmaterial ausgefüllt ist. Durch Anziehen des Schraubelements werden somit das Batteriemodul 1 mit dem Bodenelement 9 und auch dem Deckelelement 10 verbunden beziehungsweise verspannt. Da vorliegend pro Stirnseite 41 jedes Batteriemoduls 1 je zwei Verbindungselemente 35 vorge- sehen sind, also vorliegend insgesamt vier Verbindungselemente 35 pro Batteriemodul 1 und 16 Verbindungselemente 35 pro Lage 2, 3, 4, 5 von Batteriemodulen 1 , ergibt sich insgesamt eine Verspannung der jeweiligen Batteriegehäuse 8 beziehungsweise der zugeordneten Boden- /Deckelelemente 9, 10, welche eine sehr hohe Leistung im Falle einer unfall- bedingten Kraftbeaufschlagung haben. Da nämlich das Gesamtsystem verspannt wird und Schubfelder gebildet werden, können die Kräfte optimal übertragen werden. Hierdurch können beispielsweise die hohen Beschleunigungen beim Heckaufprall von über 90 g durch die Verspannung gedämpft und abgebaut werden, ohne dass es zu einer Zerstörung des jeweiligen Batteriegehäuses 8 im Bereich des Verbindungselements 35 kommen kann. Zudem entstehen durch die Verbindung der zwei übereinander angeordneten Batteriegehäuse 8 beziehungsweise der jeweiligen Bauteile davon weitere Kostenvorteile, da beispielsweise der Boden 15 eines Schutzgehäuses 14 kleiner dimensioniert werden kann. Außerdem kann dann die Verbindungstechnologie zwischen dem Boden und dem Stapel der Batteriegehäuse 8 einfacher ausgebildet sein. In order to avoid a double fit in this case a free space 43 between a bottom 44 of the battery module 1 and the bottom plate 32 of the bottom member 9 of the respective battery module 1 receiving battery housing 8 is provided, which is filled, for example, with a filler made of a plastic material. By tightening the screw thus the battery module 1 are connected to the bottom element 9 and also the lid member 10 or braced. Since in the present case per end face 41 of each battery module 1 each two connecting elements 35 are provided, ie in the present case a total of four connecting elements 35 per battery module 1 and 16 connecting elements 35 per layer 2, 3, 4, 5 of battery modules 1, results in a total of a tension of the respective Battery housing 8 and the associated bottom / cover elements 9, 10, which have a very high performance in the event of accidental force application. Since the entire system is braced and shear fields are formed, the forces can be optimally transmitted. As a result, for example, the high accelerations in the rear impact of more than 90 g are damped by the tension and reduced, without causing destruction of the respective Battery housing 8 in the region of the connecting element 35 can come. In addition, by the connection of the two superimposed battery housing 8 and the respective components thereof further cost advantages, since, for example, the bottom 15 of a protective housing 14 can be made smaller. In addition, the connection technology between the bottom and the stack of the battery case 8 can then be made simpler.

Fig. 8 zeigt eine Perspektivansicht auf die Grundplatte beziehungsweise den Boden 15 des Schutzgehäuses 14, mittels welchem der Stapel 13 von Batteriegehäusen 8 eingehaust ist. In den Eckbereichen der Grundplatte 15 sind jeweilige , in Fahrzeughochrichtung verlaufende Zuganker 40 zur Halterung des Stapels 13 der Batteriegehäuse 8 beziehungsweise des Schutzgehäuses 14 vorgesehen. Die Zuganker 40 können darüber hinaus zum Ein- oder Ausbau der Batterie B dienen, indem oberseitig beispielsweise Kranschlaufen aufgeschraubt werden. Somit kann die Batterie B inklusive deren Schutzgehäuse 14 aus dem Kraftwagen entnommen oder eingebaut werden. Zudem sind in der Grundplatte 15 jeweilige Schraubhülsen 39 oder Gewindelöcher integriert, welche die oben im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 7 beschriebene Funktionen zur Halterung des darüber angeordneten Bodenelements 9 beziehungsweise der durch dessen Batteriegehäuse 8 aufgenommenen Batteriemodule 1 übernehmen. Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of the base plate or the bottom 15 of the protective housing 14, by means of which the stack 13 of battery housings 8 is housed. In the corner regions of the base plate 15 are respective, extending in the vehicle vertical direction tie rods 40 for supporting the stack 13 of the battery case 8 and the protective housing 14 are provided. The tie rods 40 can also serve for installation or removal of the battery B by the upper side, for example, crane loops are screwed. Thus, the battery B can be removed or installed including the protective housing 14 from the car. In addition, 15 respective screw sleeves 39 or threaded holes are integrated in the base plate, which take over the functions described above in connection with FIG. 7 for holding the overlying bottom element 9 and the battery modules 8 accommodated by the battery modules 1.

Schließlich zeigt Fig. 9 eine Perspektivansicht sowie eine Schnittansicht des Schutzgehäuses 14, innerhalb welchem der Stapel 13 von Batteriegehäusen aufgenommen ist. Insbesondere erkennbar sind dabei die vier Seitenwände 16, welche vorliegend aus dem innen angeordneten Wellblech 17 und dem außen angeordneten, ebenen Schließblech 18 gebildet sind, um somit das gut energieabsorbierende, mehrlagige Bauteil zu bilden. Zudem erkennbar ist der Deckel 19 des Schutzgehäuses 14. Dieser ist wie der Boden 15 ebenfalls beispielsweise aus einem Metallwerkstoff wie einem Blech gebildet. Finally, FIG. 9 shows a perspective view and a sectional view of the protective housing 14 within which the stack 13 of battery housings is accommodated. In particular, the four side walls 16, which in the present case are formed from the inside arranged corrugated sheet 17 and the outside arranged, planar strike plate 18, are thereby recognizable, in order to thus form the energy-absorbing, multi-layered component. In addition, recognizable is the lid 19 of the protective housing 14. This is like the bottom 15 also formed for example of a metal material such as a metal sheet.

Die Seitenwände 16 beziehungsweise deren jeweilige Bauteile 17, 18 sind vorliegend aus Blechen auf Aluminium- oder Stahllegierungs-Basis herge- stellt und beispielsweise in den Ecken auf Gehrung verbunden. In den Ecken können zusätzlich Leisten oder dergleichen als Lastverteiler eingesetzt werden. Die Seitenwände 16 können zur Vormontage insbesondere an nicht erkennbaren Befestigungselementen, beispielsweise Rastpins oder dergleichen, am Stapel 13 der Batteriegehäuse 8 vorbefestigt werden, welche bei- spielsweise im Kunststoff das jeweiligen Batteriegehäuses 8 angeformt oder dergleichen angeordnet sind. Hierdurch können die Seitenwände 14 und gegebenenfalls auch der Deckel 19 zunächst am Stapel 13 befestigt und anschließend untereinander verbunden werden. Mittels der im Zusammen- hang mit Fig. 8 bereits beschriebenen Zuganker 40 können die Bauteile 15, 16 und 19 des Schutzgehäuses 14 zusätzlich untereinander verspannt werden. Über die Zuganker 40 können zudem die in dem Stapel 13 übereinander angeordneten Batteriegehäuse 8 untereinander verspannt werden. The side walls 16 or their respective components 17, 18 are in the present case made of sheets on an aluminum or steel alloy basis and connected, for example, mitred in the corners. In the corners can additionally strips or the like can be used as a load distributor. The side walls 16 can be pre-attached to the stack 13 of the battery case 8 for pre-assembly, in particular to unrecognizable fasteners, such as detent pins or the like, which at- For example, in the plastic, the respective battery case 8 formed or the like are arranged. As a result, the side walls 14 and possibly also the cover 19 are first attached to the stack 13 and then connected to each other. By means of the tie rods 40 already described in connection with FIG. 8, the components 15, 16 and 19 of the protective housing 14 can additionally be braced with one another. About the tie rods 40 also in the stack 13 stacked battery case 8 can be clamped together.

Es ist klar, dass das Schutzgehäuse 14 auch mit anderen Plattenelementen aus verschiedensten Werkstoffen und in unterschiedlichen Bauformen gebildet werden kann. It is clear that the protective housing 14 can be formed with other plate elements made of different materials and in different designs.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: CLAIMS: Batterie (B) für einen elektrischen Antrieb eines Kraftwagens, mit einer Mehrzahl von Batteriemodulen (1 ), welche in jeweiligen Lagen (2, 3, 4, 5) übereinander angeordnet und in einem zugeordneten Gehäuse (8) aufgenommen sind, Battery (B) for an electric drive of a motor vehicle, having a plurality of battery modules (1) which are arranged one above the other in respective positions (2, 3, 4, 5) and accommodated in an associated housing (8), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that jede der übereinander angeordneten Lagen (2, 3, 4, 5) der Batteriemodule (1 ) in einem jeweils zugeordneten, separaten Batteriegehäuse (8) aufgenommen ist, welche in einem Stapel (13) übereinander angeordnet und untereinander verbunden sind, wobei das jeweilige Batteriemodul (1 ) über wenigstens ein Verbindungselement (35) mit dem zugeordneten Batteriegehäuse (8) sowie dem darunter angeordneten Batteriegehäuse (8) verbunden ist.  each of the superimposed layers (2, 3, 4, 5) of the battery modules (1) is accommodated in a respectively assigned, separate battery housing (8) which are arranged one above the other in a stack (13) and interconnected, wherein the respective battery module (1) is connected via at least one connecting element (35) with the associated battery housing (8) and the battery housing (8) arranged underneath. Batterie (B) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das jeweilige Batteriegehäuse (8) zweischalig mit einem Bodenelement (9) und einem Deckelelement (10) ausgebildet ist. Battery (B) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective battery housing (8) is formed with two shells with a bottom element (9) and a cover element (10). Batterie (B) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das jeweilige Batteriemodul (1 ) über das Verbindungselement (35) mit einer Deckelplatte (33) des darunter angeordneten Batteriegehäuses (8) verbunden ist. Battery (B) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective battery module (1) via the connecting element (35) is connected to a cover plate (33) of the battery housing (8) arranged thereunder. Batterie (B) nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei das das jeweilige Batteriemodul (1 ) aufnehmende Bodenelement (9) über das Verbindungselement (35) zwischen dem jeweiligen Batteriemodul (8) und dem Deckelement (10) des darunter angeordneten Batteriegehäuses (8) verspannt ist. Battery (B) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the respective battery module (1) receiving the bottom element (9) via the connecting element (35) between the respective battery module (8) and the cover element (10) of the underlying battery housing (8) braced is. Batterie (B) nach Anspruch 4, wobei in der Bodenplatte (32) des das jeweilige Batteriemodul (1 ) aufnehmenden Bodenelements (9) ein Stützelement, insbesondere ein Domteil (38) integriert ist, über welches das Bodenelement (9) zwischen dem jeweiligen Batteriemodul (8) und dem Deckelement (10) des darunter angeordneten Batteriegehäuses (8) verspannt ist. Battery (B) according to claim 4, wherein in the bottom plate (32) of the respective battery module (1) receiving bottom element (9) a support element, in particular a dome part (38) is integrated, via which the bottom element (9) between the respective battery module (8) and the cover element (10) of the battery housing (8) arranged underneath is braced. 6. Batterie (B) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das jeweilige Batteriegehause (8) aus einem Kunststoff, insbesondere einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff, gebildet ist, 6. Battery (B) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the respective battery housing (8) is formed from a plastic, in particular a fiber-reinforced plastic, Batterie (B) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, wobei in das Deckelelement (10) eine Schraubhülse (39) oder dergleichen Halteelement des Verbindungselements (35) integriert ist. Battery (B) according to one of claims 2 to 6, wherein in the cover element (10) a screw sleeve (39) or the like holding element of the connecting element (35) is integrated. Batterie (B) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei zwischen einer Unterseite (44) des Batteriemoduls (1 ) und der Bodenplatte (32) des das Batteriemodul (1 ) aufnehmenden Bodenelements (9) ein Freiraum (43) vorgesehen ist. Battery (B) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between a bottom (44) of the battery module (1) and the bottom plate (32) of the battery module (1) receiving the bottom element (9) is a free space (43) is provided. Kraftwagen mit einer Batterie (B) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8. Motor vehicle with a battery (B) according to one of claims 1 to 8.
PCT/EP2018/066924 2017-07-04 2018-06-25 BATTERY FOR AN ELECTRIC DRIVE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE Ceased WO2019007737A1 (en)

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CN110832663B (en) 2023-05-12
DE102017211369B4 (en) 2024-12-24
DE102017211369A1 (en) 2019-01-10

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