WO2019087686A1 - 鉛蓄電池 - Google Patents
鉛蓄電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019087686A1 WO2019087686A1 PCT/JP2018/037305 JP2018037305W WO2019087686A1 WO 2019087686 A1 WO2019087686 A1 WO 2019087686A1 JP 2018037305 W JP2018037305 W JP 2018037305W WO 2019087686 A1 WO2019087686 A1 WO 2019087686A1
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- electrode plate
- negative electrode
- rib
- positive electrode
- separator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/463—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape
- H01M50/466—U-shaped, bag-shaped or folded
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/463—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/08—Selection of materials as electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/463—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape
- H01M50/469—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their shape tubular or cylindrical
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0005—Acid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0011—Sulfuric acid-based
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lead storage battery.
- Lead storage batteries are used in a variety of applications in addition to automotive and industrial applications.
- the lead storage battery includes a negative electrode plate, a positive electrode plate, a separator interposed between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate, and an electrolytic solution.
- An aqueous solution of sulfuric acid is generally used as the electrolytic solution.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a liquid lead-acid battery having a utilization rate of the electrolyte solution of 75% or more, and the concentration of alkali metal ion or alkaline earth metal ion in the electrolyte solution is 0.07 to 0.3 mol / L.
- a lead-acid battery is described in which the pore volume of the negative electrode material is 0.08 to 0.16 mL / g.
- PSOC partial charge state
- ISS idling stop / start
- lead acid batteries are required to be excellent in life performance (hereinafter referred to as PSOC life performance) in a cycle test under PSOC conditions.
- the stratification of the electrolytic solution proceeds, the softening of the positive electrode active material and the accumulation (sulfation) of lead sulfate in the positive and negative electrode active materials are promoted, and the life becomes short.
- lead ions dissolved in the electrolytic solution are reduced on the negative electrode side, and the deposited lead crystals may penetrate the separator to cause an osmotic short circuit.
- the amount of positive and negative electrode active materials is increased to secure high capacity, softening resistance of the positive electrode plate and sulfonation resistance of the negative electrode plate. In that case, the amount of electrolyte relatively decreases. When the amount of the electrolyte relative to the active material is small, the specific gravity of the electrolyte extremely decreases during overdischarge, and the permeation short circuit is likely to occur.
- metal ions such as Na and Al
- electrolytic solution As a method of suppressing the osmotic short circuit, in a battery having a relatively small amount of electrolytic solution, sufficient effects can not be obtained, and metal ions It is also difficult to increase the metal ion content more than the current state, because the increase in the amount lowers the chargeability and promotes the sulfation.
- One aspect of the present invention comprises a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a separator interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, and an electrolytic solution
- the electrolyte contains 0.03 to 0.3 mol / L of Na and / or 0.02 to 0.2 mol / L of Al
- the present invention relates to a lead storage battery whose parameter Q is 300 or less.
- a lead storage battery includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a separator interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, and an electrolytic solution, and 0.03 to 0.3 mol of Na in the electrolytic solution. And / or 0.02 to 0.2 mol / L of Al.
- the utilization factor of the electrolytic solution (which may be referred to as “liquid utilization factor” hereinafter)
- U means the volume of sulfate root measured from the volume and concentration of liquid in the cell chamber and the theoretical volume (volume of sulfate root ( g) /3.657), which means the value obtained by dividing the 20 hour rate capacity by the calculated solution theoretical capacity.
- the electrode plate group is taken out from the unit cell containing the electrolytic solution, washed with water and dried to remove the sulfuric acid content. It can be confirmed by pH test paper etc. whether the sulfuric acid content could be removed. If it takes time for washing with water, the electrode assembly may be cut into a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a separator, and a lead connection part, and each may be washed with water and dried. The mass of the electrode plate group after washing and drying of a single cell, the battery case and the lid are subtracted from the mass of the unit cell containing the electrolytic solution to obtain the amount of the electrolytic solution of the unit cell.
- the calculated sulfate radical weight (g) is divided by 3.657 to obtain the theoretical solution volume (Ah), and the value obtained by dividing the 20 hour capacity by the theoretical solution volume obtained is the utilization factor of the electrolyte solution Do.
- the 20 hour rate capacity is determined in accordance with SBA S 0101: 2014.
- the height (height of the first rib) h at which the first rib protrudes from the main surface of the separator averages the heights of the plurality of first ribs provided in the region of the main surface of the separator facing the negative electrode plate. It is determined by
- the rib parameter Q is expressed as a value obtained by dividing the liquid utilization factor U by the square root of the height h of the first rib. As the fluid utilization factor U is higher, and as the height h of the first rib is lower, an environment in which a permeation short circuit is likely to occur is obtained. At this time, the rib parameter Q increases. Therefore, as the rib parameter Q decreases, the osmotic short circuit is suppressed.
- the inventors of the present invention do not simply divide the liquid utilization factor U by the first rib height h, but divide the liquid utilization factor U (%) by the square root of the first rib height h (mm).
- the obtained rib parameter Q By limiting the obtained rib parameter Q to a predetermined value or less (300 or less), it has been found that the osmotic short circuit is dramatically suppressed regardless of the liquid utilization rate.
- lead sulfate is produced at both the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and water is produced at the positive electrode.
- lead metal lead, lead dioxide and sulfuric acid are formed from lead sulfate and water during charging.
- the battery is used under a state of insufficient charge, at the end of the PSOC life, the accumulated amount of lead sulfate will inevitably increase, and the specific gravity of the electrolyte solution will decrease.
- the decrease in specific gravity of the electrolyte is particularly remarkable at the time of overdischarge.
- the electrolytic solution is not sufficiently stirred during charging, a difference in concentration of sulfuric acid is generated (stratification) in the upper and lower portions of the electrolytic solution. If the use is continued in such an environment, the permeation short circuit is likely to occur at the upper part where the specific gravity of the electrolyte is low.
- the separator includes a first rib provided on the negative electrode plate side.
- the first rib suppresses the adhesion of the separator to the negative electrode plate, and secures a space for holding the electrolytic solution between the negative electrode plate and the separator.
- the diffusivity of the electrolytic solution is enhanced, and the osmotic short circuit can be suppressed. Thereby, a lead storage battery with excellent PSOC life performance can be realized.
- the effect of suppressing the osmotic short circuit is enhanced.
- the penetration short circuit can be effectively suppressed by determining the height of the first rib so that the rib parameter Q is equal to or less than a predetermined value (300 or less) according to the liquid utilization rate.
- the first rib maintains the diffusivity of the electrolytic solution in the vicinity of the negative electrode both at the time of charge and at the time of discharge, and suppresses the decrease in charge and discharge performance. Since the first rib improves the diffusion of the electrolyte in the vicinity of the negative electrode plate, the decrease in specific gravity during discharge of the electrolyte in the vicinity of the negative electrode is suppressed, and the decrease in discharge performance is suppressed. In addition, accumulation of lead sulfate is suppressed. In addition, during charging, the sulfuric acid released from the negative electrode plate can be diffused into the space between the negative electrode plate and the separator, and the increase in specific gravity of the electrolyte in the vicinity of the negative electrode is suppressed, thus improving the charging efficiency. Do.
- the electrolytic solution contains 0.03 to 0.3 mol / L of Na and / or 0.02 to 0.2 mol / L of Al.
- the addition of Na, K, Mg or Al to the electrolytic solution has the effect of suppressing the osmotic short circuit and enhancing the charge recovery from overdischarge.
- the addition of Na, K or Mg leads to a decrease in chargeability, and facilitates the promotion of lead sulfate accumulation (sulfation) in the negative electrode.
- the electrolytic solution contains Na
- the Na content is preferably 0.03 to 0.3 mol / L. By setting the Na content to 0.03 mol / L or more, the osmotic short circuit suppression effect can be obtained.
- the Na content is preferably 0.3 mol / L or less.
- the Al content is preferably 0.02 to 0.2 mol / L.
- the Al content is preferably 0.02 to 0.2 mol / L.
- the electrolytic solution may contain, in addition to Na and / or Al, an alkali metal ion such as Li or an alkaline earth metal ion.
- the content of Na, Al, or other metal ions in the electrolytic solution can be determined by decomposing the already-charged fully charged lead storage battery, extracting the electrolytic solution, and performing inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission analysis. Desired. More specifically, atomic absorption measurement is performed by an ICP emission analyzer (ICPS-8000, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), and the concentration of metal ions is determined by a calibration curve.
- ICP emission analyzer ICPS-8000, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation
- the rib parameter the greater the effect of suppressing the osmotic short circuit, but the higher the height of the required first rib.
- the total thickness of the separator the thickness obtained by adding the rib height to the base thickness of the separator
- the height of the rib (second rib) provided on the side of the positive electrode plate must be reduced.
- Increasing the total thickness of the separator results in a decrease in capacity, so it is difficult to adopt it in an IS battery in which an electrode plate group in which a large number of positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates are stacked is used.
- lowering the rib on the positive electrode side causes oxidation deterioration of the separator and tends to shorten the life.
- the rib parameter is in the range of 150 or more, in the battery for IS, the effect of suppressing the permeation short circuit can be maximally obtained without causing the decrease in capacity and the oxidation deterioration of the separator.
- the electrolytic solution contains 0.03 to 0.3 mol / L of Na and / or 0.02 to 0.2 mol / L of Al, and the negative electrode plate side
- the penetration short circuit can be effectively suppressed by providing one rib and controlling the height of the first rib in accordance with the liquid utilization rate so that the rib parameter falls within a certain range. Since the minimum first rib height necessary to suppress the osmotic short circuit can be obtained according to the liquid utilization rate, the design of the lead-acid battery for IS is facilitated.
- the liquid utilization factor U is preferably in the range of 70% to 90%.
- the separator may further include a second rib provided on the side of the positive electrode plate.
- the second rib suppresses the adhesion of the separator to the positive electrode plate.
- the second rib improves the diffusion of the electrolytic solution in the vicinity of the positive electrode plate and can suppress the oxidation deterioration of the separator, so that the PSOC life performance can be further improved.
- the separator may be in the form of a bag.
- a bag-like separator When a bag-like separator is used, the electrolytic solution is easily retained. However, by providing the first rib and the second rib, the diffusibility of the electrolytic solution in the separator is enhanced, and the PSOC life performance can be further improved. Since water is generated at the time of discharge at the positive electrode, the change in the specific gravity of the electrolyte near the positive electrode plate is larger than that near the negative electrode plate. However, since the bag-like separator accommodates the positive electrode plate, the diffusivity of the electrolytic solution in the vicinity of the positive electrode plate can be enhanced, and the stratification of the electrolytic solution can be easily suppressed.
- the bag-like separator accommodates the negative electrode plate
- the short circuit due to the extension of the positive electrode grid can be easily suppressed.
- the diffusivity of the electrolytic solution in the vicinity of the negative electrode plate can be enhanced, and the stratification can be easily suppressed.
- the lead storage battery may include a fiber mat interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.
- the electrode plate is pressed by the fiber mat, the amount of electrolyte around the electrode plate decreases, and the diffusivity also decreases.
- the first rib at least on the negative electrode plate side of the separator, even when the fiber mat is provided, the electrolytic solution can be held in the vicinity of the negative electrode plate, and the diffusivity of the electrolytic solution can be improved.
- the fully charged state of the lead storage battery means, in the case of a liquid battery, constant current charging in a water tank at 25 ° C. until current reaches 0.2 V / cell at a current of 0.2 CA. In addition, constant current charging is performed for 2 hours at 0.2 CA.
- the fully charged state means constant current constant voltage charging of 2.23 V / cell at 0.2 CA in a 25 ° C. air tank, and charging current at constant voltage charging When it becomes 1 mCA or less, it is in the state where charging was finished.
- 1CA is a current value (A) of the same numerical value as the nominal capacity (Ah) of the battery. For example, for a battery with a nominal capacity of 30 Ah, 1CA is 30A and 1mCA is 30mA.
- the separator includes a base portion formed of a microporous membrane and a rib projecting from one of the main surfaces of the base portion. More preferably, it may further include a rib projecting from the other main surface of the base portion.
- the rib which protrudes from one main surface of a base part is arrange
- the rib located on the negative electrode plate side is referred to as a first rib.
- the rib which protrudes from the other main surface of a base part is arrange
- the rib located on the positive electrode plate side is called a second rib.
- the diffusibility of the electrolytic solution in the vicinity of the negative electrode plate can be enhanced by the first rib, so that the PSOC life performance can be further improved and the permeation short circuit can be suppressed.
- the separator is formed of a polymer material. At least the base portion is a porous sheet and can also be referred to as a porous film.
- the separator may comprise a filler (eg, particulate filler such as silica, and / or fibrous filler) dispersed in a matrix formed of a polymeric material.
- the separator is preferably made of a polymer material having acid resistance. As such a polymer material, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene are preferable.
- the average pore diameter of the base portion of the separator is, for example, 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 0.03 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 ⁇ m or less. When the average pore diameter is in such a range, it is advantageous because low electrical resistance and excellent short circuit resistance performance can be compatible.
- the average pore size of the separator can be determined by mercury porosimetry. More specifically, the separator is charged into a measurement container and evacuated, then pressure is applied to fill the mercury, and the pore distribution is determined from the relationship between the pressure at this time and the volume of mercury pressed into the separator, The average pore size is determined from this pore distribution. For measurement of the average pore diameter, an automatic porosimeter (Autopore IV 9505) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation is used.
- the average thickness of the base portion is, for example, 100 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 150 ⁇ m or more and 250 ⁇ m or less.
- the average thickness of the base portion can be obtained by measuring and averaging the thickness of the base portion at five arbitrarily selected locations in the cross-sectional photograph of the separator.
- the first rib is formed on the surface of the separator opposite to the negative electrode plate.
- the average height of the first rib is determined in accordance with the liquid utilization factor U such that the above-mentioned rib parameter Q is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- the average height of the first rib is, for example, 0.05 mm or more, and preferably 0.07 mm or more. When the average height of the first ribs is in such a range, the electrolyte can be more easily diffused.
- the average height of the first rib is, for example, 0.40 mm or less and preferably 0.20 mm or less as long as the rib parameter Q satisfies the above condition.
- These lower limit value and upper limit value can be arbitrarily combined.
- the height of the first rib refers to the distance from one of the main surfaces of the base portion at a predetermined position of the first rib to the top of the first rib.
- the distance to the top of the first rib is taken as the height of the first rib.
- the average height of the first rib can be obtained by averaging the heights of the first rib measured at 10 arbitrarily selected positions of the first rib on one main surface of the base portion.
- the pattern of the first rib is not particularly limited on one main surface of the base portion, and the first rib may be randomly formed, and may be formed in a stripe shape, a curved shape, a lattice shape, or the like. From the viewpoint of facilitating the diffusion of the electrolytic solution, it is preferable to form the plurality of first ribs in a stripe shape on one main surface of the base portion.
- the orientation of the stripe-shaped first rib is not particularly limited.
- the plurality of first ribs may be formed along the height direction or the width direction of the negative electrode plate.
- the plurality of first ribs are formed in stripes along the height direction of the negative electrode plate from the viewpoint of enhancing the diffusibility of the electrolytic solution. Is preferred.
- an ear portion for extracting current from the electrode plate group is formed at one end of the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate.
- the vertical direction of the negative electrode plate or the positive electrode plate in a state in which the ear portion is up will be referred to as the height direction of the negative electrode plate or the positive electrode plate.
- the width direction of the negative electrode plate or the positive electrode plate is a direction perpendicular to the height direction and crossing the main surfaces of the negative electrode plate or the positive electrode plate.
- the pitch of the stripe-shaped or lattice-shaped first rib is, for example, 0.3 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and preferably 0.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less.
- the separator includes the region in which the first rib is formed with the pitch in such a range, the effect of improving the diffusivity of the electrolytic solution in the vicinity of the negative electrode plate is easily obtained.
- the first rib is formed at such a pitch in a region facing the negative electrode plate.
- the first rib of such a pitch is formed at 70% or more of the area of the region facing the negative electrode plate.
- the first rib may or may not be formed in a region not facing the negative electrode plate, such as the end of the separator, and the plurality of first ribs are densely packed (for example, an average pitch of 0.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less) ) May be formed.
- the pitch of the first ribs is the distance between the tops of the adjacent first ribs (more specifically, the distance between the centers of the adjacent first ribs in the direction across the first ribs).
- the average pitch of the first ribs can be obtained by averaging the pitches of the first ribs measured at 10 arbitrarily selected points. When the first ribs are densely formed in the area not facing the negative electrode plate, the average pitch may be calculated excluding this area. The average pitch of the first ribs in the region not facing the negative electrode plate can be calculated in the same manner as described above for this region.
- the second rib is formed on the side of the separator opposite to the positive electrode plate.
- the average height of the second ribs is, for example, 0.3 mm or more, and preferably 0.4 mm or more. When the average height of the second ribs falls within such a range, it is easy to suppress the oxidative deterioration of the separator. From the viewpoint of securing a high capacity, the average height of the second rib may be, for example, 1.0 mm or less and may be 0.7 mm or less. These lower limit value and upper limit value can be arbitrarily combined.
- the average height of the second rib can be obtained according to the case of the first rib.
- the height of the second rib refers to the distance from the other major surface of the base portion at the predetermined position of the second rib to the top of the second rib, as in the case of the first rib.
- the pattern and orientation of the second rib are not particularly limited, and may be selected from those described for the first rib, for example.
- the pitch of the stripe-like or lattice-like second rib is, for example, 1 mm or more and 15 mm or less, and preferably 5 mm or more and 10 mm or less.
- the separator includes a region in which the second rib is formed at a pitch in such a range, the effect of suppressing the oxidative deterioration of the separator is further enhanced.
- the second rib of such a pitch is formed in 70% or more of the area of the region facing the positive electrode plate.
- the second rib may or may not be formed in a region not facing the positive electrode plate, such as the end of the separator, and the plurality of second ribs may be closely packed (for example, an average pitch of 0.5 mm to 5 mm) ) May be formed.
- the pitch of the second ribs is the distance between the tops of the adjacent second ribs (more specifically, the distance between the centers of the adjacent second ribs in the direction across the second ribs).
- the average pitch of the second ribs can be calculated according to the average pitch of the first ribs.
- the sheet-like separator may be sandwiched between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate, or by accommodating the negative electrode plate or the positive electrode plate with the bag-like separator, even if the separator is interposed between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate. Good.
- a bag-like separator is used, the electrolytic solution is difficult to diffuse, but the diffusivity is improved by providing the first rib and the second rib.
- the first rib facilitates the diffusion of the electrolyte solution in the vicinity of the negative electrode plate, and can suppress the short circuit due to the separator breakage even if the positive electrode current collector extends.
- stratification of the electrolytic solution can be easily suppressed.
- the separator is formed, for example, by extruding a resin composition containing a pore forming agent (solid pore forming agent such as polymer powder, and / or liquid pore forming agent such as oil) and a polymer material into a sheet. It is obtained by removing the pore forming agent and forming pores in the matrix of the polymeric material.
- the ribs may be formed, for example, during extrusion molding, or may be formed by pressing with a roller having grooves corresponding to the ribs after being formed into a sheet or after removing the pore forming agent. When using a filler, adding to a resin composition is preferable.
- the electrolyte contains sulfuric acid in an aqueous solution.
- the electrolyte may be gelled if necessary.
- the electrolyte can contain, if necessary, an additive used for a lead-acid battery.
- the electrolytic solution contains Na at a concentration of 0.03 to 0.3 mol / L and / or Al at a concentration of 0.02 to 0.2 mol / L.
- the positive electrode plate of the lead storage battery is classified into a paste type and a clad type.
- the paste type positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode material.
- the positive electrode material is held by the positive electrode current collector.
- the positive electrode material is obtained by removing the positive electrode current collector from the positive electrode plate.
- the positive electrode current collector may be formed in the same manner as the negative electrode current collector, and can be formed by casting of lead or lead alloy or processing of lead or lead alloy sheet.
- the clad positive electrode plate includes a plurality of porous tubes, a cored bar inserted into each tube, a positive electrode material filled in the tube into which the cored bar is inserted, and a seat connecting the plurality of tubes. Equipped with In the clad type positive electrode plate, the positive electrode material is one obtained by removing the tube, the core metal and the seat from the positive electrode plate.
- a Pb—Ca based alloy and a Pb—Ca—Sn based alloy are preferable in terms of corrosion resistance and mechanical strength.
- the positive electrode current collector may have lead alloy layers different in composition, and a plurality of alloy layers may be provided. It is preferable to use a Pb--Ca-based alloy or a Pb--Sb-based alloy as the core metal.
- the positive electrode material contains a positive electrode active material (lead dioxide or lead sulfate) which develops a capacity by a redox reaction.
- the positive electrode material may optionally contain other additives.
- the unformed paste type positive electrode plate is obtained by filling the positive electrode current collector with the positive electrode paste, aging and drying according to the case of the negative electrode plate. Thereafter, the unformed positive electrode plate is formed.
- the positive electrode paste is prepared by kneading lead powder, an additive, water, and sulfuric acid.
- An unformed clad type positive electrode plate is formed by mixing an additive and lead powder or lead powder in the form of slurry into a tube into which a core metal is inserted, filling the mixture, and bonding a plurality of tubes in a coordinated manner. Be done.
- the negative electrode plate of the lead storage battery contains a negative electrode material.
- the negative electrode plate of the lead storage battery is composed of a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode material.
- the negative electrode material is obtained by removing the negative electrode current collector from the negative electrode plate.
- the negative electrode current collector may be formed by casting of lead (Pb) or lead alloy, or may be formed by processing a lead or lead alloy sheet. Examples of the processing method include expand processing and punching processing. It is preferable to use a negative electrode grid as the negative electrode current collector because it is easy to support the negative electrode material.
- the lead alloy used for the negative electrode current collector may be any of a Pb—Sb based alloy, a Pb—Ca based alloy, and a Pb—Ca—Sn based alloy. These lead or lead alloys may further contain at least one selected from the group consisting of Ba, Ag, Al, Bi, As, Se, Cu and the like as an additive element.
- the negative electrode material contains a negative electrode active material (lead or lead sulfate) which develops capacity by an oxidation-reduction reaction, and may contain a shrink-proof agent, a carbonaceous material such as carbon black, barium sulfate, etc. And other additives may be included.
- a negative electrode active material lead or lead sulfate
- a carbonaceous material such as carbon black, barium sulfate, etc.
- other additives may be included.
- the organic plasticizer sodium lignin sulfonate, a bisphenol compound or the like can be used.
- the negative electrode active material in a charged state is cancellous lead, but an unformed negative electrode plate is usually produced using lead powder.
- the negative electrode material can contain carbon particles as an additive.
- the carbon particles usually have conductivity.
- Examples of carbon particles include carbon black, graphite, hard carbon, soft carbon and the like.
- Examples of carbon black include acetylene black, furnace black, channel black, lamp black and the like.
- the graphite may be any carbon material containing a graphite type crystal structure, and may be any of artificial graphite and natural graphite.
- the negative electrode material may contain one or two or more of these carbon particles.
- the carbon particles preferably include carbon particles (first carbon particles) having a particle diameter smaller than the average pore diameter of the separator.
- the first carbon particles preferably contain carbon black.
- the first carbon particles such as carbon black easily flow out into the electrolytic solution. However, even if it flows out into the electrolytic solution, the pores of the separator can be prevented from being blocked by carbon particles such as carbon black by the action of the first rib. In addition, when the first carbon particles such as carbon black are used, it becomes easy to form a more uniform conductive network in the negative electrode material.
- the content of carbon particles contained in the negative electrode material is, for example, 0.2% by mass or more and 3.0% by mass or less, and preferably 0.3% by mass or more and 2.5% by mass or less.
- the conductive network is likely to spread while securing a high capacity.
- the negative electrode plate can be formed by filling the negative electrode current collector with the negative electrode paste, ripening and drying to prepare an unformed negative electrode plate, and then forming the unformed negative electrode plate.
- the negative electrode paste is prepared by adding and kneading water and sulfuric acid to lead powder, an organic shrinkproofing agent and, if necessary, various additives.
- the unformed negative electrode plate is preferably aged at a temperature higher than room temperature and a high humidity.
- the formation can be performed by charging the electrode group in a state in which the electrode group including the unformed negative electrode plate is immersed in an electrolytic solution containing sulfuric acid in the battery case of the lead storage battery. However, the formation may be performed before the assembly of the lead storage battery or the plate group. Formation leads to the production of spongy lead.
- the lead storage battery may further include a fiber mat interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.
- the electrode plate is pressed by the fiber mat and it becomes difficult to hold the electrolytic solution around the electrode plate.
- the separator is provided with the first rib, the electrolytic solution can be easily secured in the vicinity of the negative electrode plate, and high diffusibility of the electrolytic solution can be secured.
- the fiber mat is composed of a sheet-like fiber assembly.
- a sheet in which fibers insoluble in an electrolytic solution are intertwined is used.
- Such sheets include, for example, non-woven fabric, woven fabric, and knitting.
- glass fibers glass fibers, polymer fibers (polyolefin fibers, acrylic fibers, polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate fibers), pulp fibers and the like can be used.
- polymer fibers polyolefin fibers, acrylic fibers, polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate fibers, pulp fibers and the like.
- polyolefin fibers are preferred.
- the fiber mat may contain components other than fibers, such as an acid-resistant inorganic powder, a polymer as a binder, and the like.
- an acid-resistant inorganic powder such as silica powder, glass powder, diatomaceous earth or the like can be used.
- the fiber mat is mainly made of fibers. For example, 60% by mass or more of the fiber mat is formed of fibers.
- the fiber mat may be disposed between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate. Since the separator is also disposed between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate, the fiber mat is, for example, between the negative electrode plate and the separator, and / or the separator and the positive electrode plate, between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate. It may be placed between From the viewpoint of suppressing stratification of the electrolytic solution, it is preferable to arrange the fiber mat in contact with the negative electrode plate. Further, from the viewpoint of suppressing the softening and dropping of the positive electrode material, it is preferable to arrange the fiber mat in contact with the positive electrode plate.
- the fiber mat in a state of being pressed against the positive electrode plate from the viewpoint of enhancing the effect of suppressing the softening and the dropout, in this case, the electrolyte near the negative electrode plate tends to be insufficient.
- the electrolytic solution can be secured in the vicinity of the negative electrode plate even when the fiber mat is disposed on the positive electrode plate side.
- the lead storage battery 1 includes a battery case 12 that accommodates an electrode plate group 11 and an electrolyte (not shown).
- the inside of the battery case 12 is partitioned into a plurality of cell chambers 14 by a partition wall 13.
- One electrode plate group 11 is accommodated in each cell chamber 14.
- the opening of the battery case 12 is closed by a lid 15 having a negative electrode terminal 16 and a positive electrode terminal 17.
- the lid 15 is provided with a liquid plug 18 for each cell chamber. At the time of rehydration, the liquid plug 18 is removed and refilling solution is replenished.
- the liquid plug 18 may have a function of discharging the gas generated in the cell chamber 14 out of the battery.
- the electrode plate group 11 is configured by laminating a plurality of negative electrode plates 2 and positive electrode plates 3 with a separator 4 interposed therebetween.
- the bag-like separator 4 which accommodates the negative electrode plate 2 is shown, the form of a separator is not specifically limited.
- the negative electrode shelf 6 connecting the plurality of negative electrode plates 2 in parallel is connected to the through connection body 8 and the positive electrode shelf connecting the plurality of positive electrode plates 3 in parallel 5 are connected to the positive pole 7.
- the positive electrode column 7 is connected to the external positive electrode terminal 17 of the lid 15.
- the negative electrode post 9 is connected to the negative electrode shelf 6, and the through connection body 8 is connected to the positive electrode shelf 5.
- the negative electrode post 9 is connected to the external negative electrode terminal 16 of the lid 15.
- the through connection members 8 pass through the through holes provided in the partition walls 13 to connect the electrode plate groups 11 of the adjacent cell chambers 14 in series.
- Negative Electrode Plate A negative electrode paste was prepared by mixing lead powder, water, sulfuric acid, carbon, barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ), tin sulfate (SnSO 4 ), an organic shrinkproofing agent, and a reinforcing material (susa). .
- the negative electrode paste was filled in the mesh portion of an expanded lattice (number of lattice steps: 14.5 steps) made of a Pb-Ca-Sn alloy as a negative electrode current collector, and was aged and dried to obtain an unformed negative electrode plate. .
- Sodium lignin sulfonate was used as the organic plasticizer.
- the size of the negative electrode plate was 100 mm wide ⁇ 112 mm high.
- Each unformed negative electrode plate is accommodated in a bag-shaped separator (115 mm wide ⁇ 115 mm high) formed of a microporous film made of polyethylene, and seven unformed negative electrode plates per cell
- An electrode plate group was formed of six unformed positive electrode plates.
- the separator had a plurality of first ribs on the stripe inside the bag, and had a plurality of stripe-like second ribs on the outside of the bag.
- the plurality of first ribs were respectively formed along the width direction of the negative electrode plate, and the average height of the first ribs was 0.1 mm in the region facing the negative electrode plate.
- the plurality of second ribs are respectively formed along the height direction of the positive electrode plate, the average height of the second ribs is 0.7 mm, and the pitch of the second ribs in the region facing the positive electrode plate is It was 10 mm. Moreover, the average thickness of the base part of the separator was 0.2 mm. The total thickness of the separator was 1.0 mm. The average pore size of the separator was 0.1 ⁇ m.
- An electrode group is inserted into the cell chamber of a polypropylene battery case, an electrolytic solution is injected, and chemical conversion is performed in the battery case, a liquid type having a nominal voltage of 12 V and a nominal capacity of 40 Ah (20 hour rate)
- a lead storage battery A1 was assembled.
- electrolyte solution what added 0.1 mol / L of Na to the aqueous solution containing a sulfuric acid whose specific gravity in 20 degreeC is 1.28 was used.
- the amount of the electrolyte was 520 g / cell, and the amount occupied by sulfuric acid was 196 g / cell. Based on the amount of sulfuric acid in the electrolytic solution, the theoretical capacity of the lead storage battery is 53.5 Ah / cell.
- the 20 hour rate capacity was 43.0 Ah / cell. Therefore, the liquid utilization factor U is calculated to be 80%.
- the liquid utilization rate was calculated by rounding off the third decimal place (rounding off the first decimal place of the liquid utilization rate in%).
- the rib parameter Q was estimated to be about 250 from the height h (mm) of the first rib and the liquid utilization rate U (%).
- the thickness of the positive electrode plate after formation was 1.60 mm.
- the sheet thickness (the thickness of the unexpanded portion of the expanded grid, for example, the thickness of the ear portion or the frame portion) was 1.10 mm.
- the mass of the positive electrode plate after formation is 93.0 g / sheet excluding the ear portion, and the mass occupied by the positive electrode grid is 37.0 g / sheet excluding the ear portion, and the mass occupied by the positive electrode active material was 56.0 g (336 g / cell).
- the theoretical capacity of the lead-acid battery is determined to be 75.3 Ah / cell based on the positive electrode active material mass.
- the density of the positive electrode material was 4.00 g / mL, and the specific surface area and pore volume of the positive electrode material were 6.80 m 2 / g and 0.14 mL / g, respectively.
- antimony oxide, tin sulfate, and a reinforcing material are each contained 0.035% by mass, 0.13% by mass, and 0.09% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the positive electrode active material after formation. It was The contents of antimony oxide and tin sulfate are values converted from the contents of Sn and Sb in the positive electrode material, respectively.
- the thickness of the negative electrode plate after formation was 1.40 mm.
- the sheet thickness (the thickness of the unexpanded portion of the expanded grid, for example, the thickness of the ear portion or the frame portion) was 0.90 mm.
- the mass of the negative electrode plate after formation is 75.0 g / sheet excluding the ear portion, and the mass occupied by the negative electrode grid is 32.0 g / sheet excluding the ear portion, and the mass occupied by the negative electrode active material was 42.0 g (294 g / cell).
- the theoretical capacity of the lead-acid battery is determined to be 76.1 Ah / cell based on the negative electrode active material mass.
- the density of the negative electrode material was 4.10 g / mL, and the specific surface area and pore volume of the negative electrode material were 0.54 m 2 / g and 0.12 mL / g, respectively.
- carbon, barium sulfate, tin sulfate, and a reinforcing material are each 1.5% by mass, 0.9% by mass, 0.020% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the negative electrode active material after formation. , And 0.02 mass% was contained.
- content of a tin sulfate is the value converted from Sn content in negative electrode material.
- a rib is provided to fix the position of the electrode plate group in the cell chamber, The distance between ribs was 29.0 mm.
- ⁇ Lead storage batteries B1 to B24> In the production of the above-mentioned lead storage battery, the amount of electrolyte was adjusted to prepare one having a liquid utilization of 70% and one having a liquid utilization of 90%. Also, by making the total thickness of the separator and the base thickness constant and adjusting the heights of the first rib and the second rib, the rib parameter Q is changed in the range of 125 to 400, and lead acid batteries with different rib parameters Q are obtained. Made. In this way, a plurality of lead storage batteries B1 to B24 having different combinations of the liquid utilization factor U and the rib parameter Q were created, and the permeation short circuit resistance was evaluated. Table 1 shows the liquid utilization rate of the lead-acid battery used for the evaluation and the value of the rib parameter Q.
- FIG. 2 is a graph of the results of Table 1.
- the increase in the probability of occurrence of osmotic short circuit is gradual with the increase in rib parameter Q regardless of the liquid utilization rate, and the probability of occurrence of osmotic short circuit is suppressed to 10% or less It is done.
- the penetration short circuit probability increases rapidly with the increase of the rib parameter Q.
- the rib parameter Q when the rib parameter Q was 150 or less, the penetration short circuit did not occur regardless of the liquid utilization rate. If the rib parameter Q is less than 150, the height of the first rib has to be increased accordingly, resulting in a decrease in capacity. In order to maintain the capacity, it is conceivable to lower the height of the second rib instead of increasing the height of the first rib, but in that case, it is likely to cause the oxidative deterioration of the separator.
- the rib parameter Q in the range of 150 or more and 300 or less, the effect of suppressing the permeation short circuit can be maximally obtained without reducing the capacity and shortening the life due to the oxidative deterioration of the separator.
- the lead storage battery according to one aspect of the present invention is applicable to control valve type and liquid lead storage batteries, and can be suitably used as a power source for starting a car or a motorcycle.
- Electrode plate group 12 Battery tank 13: Partition wall 14: cell chamber 15: lid 16: negative electrode terminal 17: positive electrode terminal 18: liquid port plug
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Abstract
Description
前記電解液中に、Naを0.03~0.3mol/L、および/または、Alを0.02~0.2mol/L含み、
前記セパレータは、前記負極板の側に第1リブを備え、
前記第1リブが前記セパレータの主面から突出する高さをh(mm)とし、前記電解液の利用率をU(%)として、Q=U/(h1/2)で表されるリブパラメータQが、300以下である、鉛蓄電池に関する。
次に、電解液の比重を測定し、電解液量及び測定した比重から硫酸根量を計算する。算出した硫酸根量(g)を3.657で除算して液理論容量(Ah)を求め、得られた液理論容量で20時間率容量を除して求められる値を電解液の利用率とする。20時間率容量は、SBA S 0101:2014に準拠して求める。
電解液がNaを含む場合、Na含有量は0.03~0.3mol/Lであることが好ましい。Na含有量を0.03mol/L以上とすることで、浸透短絡抑制効果が得られる。一方で、硫酸鉛の蓄積を抑制する観点から、Na含有量を0.3mol/L以下とすることが好ましい。
同様に、電解液がAlを含む場合、Al含有量は0.02~0.2mol/Lであることが好ましい。Al含有量を0.02mol/L以上とすることで、浸透短絡抑制効果および硫酸鉛蓄積抑制効果が得られる。一方で、放電性能の低下を抑制する観点から、Al含有量を0.2mol/L以下とすることが好ましい。
なお、本明細書中、1CAとは電池の公称容量(Ah)と同じ数値の電流値(A)である。例えば、公称容量が30Ahの電池であれば、1CAは30Aであり、1mCAは30mAである。
セパレータは、微多孔膜で構成されたベース部と、ベース部の一方の主面から突出するリブを備える。より好ましくは、ベース部の他方の主面から突出するリブをさらに備えていてもよい。ベース部の一方の主面から突出するリブは、負極板側に位置するように配置される。この負極板側に位置するリブを第1リブと呼ぶ。ベース部の他方の主面から突出するリブは、正極板側(つまり、正極板に対向するよう)に配置される。この正極板側に位置するリブを第2リブと呼ぶ。第1リブにより負極板近傍における電解液の拡散性を高めることができるため、PSOC寿命性能をさらに向上することができるとともに、浸透短絡を抑制できる。
ベース部の平均厚みは、セパレータの断面写真において、任意に選択した5箇所についてベース部の厚みを計測し、平均化することにより求められる。
第1リブの平均の高さは、上述のリブパラメータQが一定値以下となるように、液利用率Uに応じて決定される。リブパラメータQが上記条件を満たす限りにおいて、第1リブの平均高さは、例えば、0.05mm以上であり、0.07mm以上であることが好ましい。第1リブの平均高さがこのような範囲である場合、電解液をより拡散し易くなる。高容量を確保する観点から、第1リブの平均高さは、リブパラメータQが上記条件を満たす限りにおいて、例えば、0.40mm以下であり、0.20mm以下であることが好ましい。これらの下限値と上限値とは任意に組み合わせることができる。
第1リブの平均ピッチは、任意に選択される10箇所において計測した第1リブのピッチを平均化することにより求められる。なお、負極板と対向しない領域に第1リブが密に形成されている場合には、この領域を除いて平均ピッチを算出すればよい。負極板と対向しない領域の第1リブの平均ピッチは、この領域について上記と同様に算出できる。
なお、第2リブの平均高さは、第1リブの場合に準じて求められる。第2リブの高さは、第1リブの場合に準じて、第2リブの所定の位置におけるベース部の他方の主面から第2リブの頂部までの距離を言う。
なお、第2リブのピッチとは、隣接する第2リブの頂部間距離(より具体的には、第2リブを横切る方向における隣接する第2リブの中心間距離)である。第2リブの平均ピッチは、第1リブの平均ピッチに準じて算出できる。
電解液は、水溶液に硫酸を含む。電解液は、必要に応じてゲル化させてもよい。電解液は、必要に応じて、鉛蓄電池に利用される添加剤を含むことができる。
本実施形態において、電解液は、Naを、0.03~0.3mol/Lの濃度で、および/または、Alを、0.02~0.2mol/Lの濃度で含む。
化成後で満充電状態の鉛蓄電池における電解液の20℃における比重は、例えば、1.10g/cm3以上1.35g/cm3以下である。
鉛蓄電池の正極板には、ペースト式とクラッド式がある。
ペースト式正極板は、正極集電体と、正極電極材料とを具備する。正極電極材料は、正極集電体に保持されている。ペースト式正極板では、正極電極材料は、正極板から正極集電体を除いたものである。正極集電体は、負極集電体と同様に形成すればよく、鉛または鉛合金の鋳造や、鉛または鉛合金シートの加工により形成することができる。
未化成のクラッド式正極板は、芯金が挿入されたチューブに、添加剤と鉛粉またはスラリー状の鉛粉とを混合し、混合物を充填し、複数のチューブを連座で結合することにより形成される。
鉛蓄電池の負極板は、負極電極材料を含む。通常、鉛蓄電池の負極板は、負極集電体と、負極電極材料とで構成されている。負極電極材料は、負極板から負極集電体を除いたものである。負極集電体は、鉛(Pb)または鉛合金の鋳造により形成してもよく、鉛または鉛合金シートを加工して形成してもよい。加工方法としては、例えば、エキスパンド加工や打ち抜き(パンチング)加工が挙げられる。負極集電体として負極格子を用いると、負極電極材料を担持させ易いため好ましい。
鉛蓄電池は、さらに、正極板と負極板との間に介在する繊維マットを備えていてもよい。繊維マットを配置する場合には、電極板が繊維マットで圧迫されて、電極板の周囲に電解液を保持し難くなる。本発明の上記側面では、セパレータに第1リブを設けるため、負極板近傍に電解液を確保し易くなり、電解液の高い拡散性を確保することができる。
鉛蓄電池1は、極板群11と電解液(図示せず)とを収容する電槽12を具備する。電槽12内は、隔壁13により、複数のセル室14に仕切られている。各セル室14には、極板群11が1つずつ収納されている。電槽12の開口部は、負極端子16および正極端子17を具備する蓋15で閉じられる。蓋15には、セル室毎に液口栓18が設けられている。補水の際には、液口栓18を外して補水液が補給される。液口栓18は、セル室14内で発生したガスを電池外に排出する機能を有してもよい。
以下、本発明を実施例および比較例に基づいて具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
(1)負極板の作製
鉛粉、水、硫酸、カーボン、硫酸バリウム(BaSO4)、硫酸錫(SnSO4)、有機防縮剤、および補強材(スサ)を混合して、負極ペーストを作製した。負極ペーストを、負極集電体としてのPb-Ca-Sn系合金製のエキスパンド格子(格子段数:14.5段)の網目部に充填し、熟成、乾燥し、未化成の負極板を得た。有機防縮剤には、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウムを用いた。
負極板の大きさは、幅100mm×高さ112mmであった。
鉛粉、水、硫酸、三酸化アンチモン(Sb2O3)、硫酸錫(SnSO4)、および補強材を混練させて、正極ペーストを作製した。正極ペーストを、正極集電体としてのPb-Ca-Sn系合金製のエキスパンド格子(格子段数:14段)の網目部に充填し、熟成、乾燥し、未化成の正極板を得た。
正極板の大きさは、幅100mm×高さ112mmであった。
未化成の各負極板を、ポリエチレン製の微多孔膜で形成された袋状セパレータ(幅115mm×高さ115mm)に収容し、セル当たり未化成の負極板7枚と未化成の正極板6枚とで極板群を形成した。セパレータは、袋の内側に、ストライプ上の第1リブを複数有し、袋の外側に、ストライプ状の第2リブを複数有していた。複数の第1リブは、それぞれ、負極板の幅方向に沿って形成され、負極板に対向する領域において第1リブの平均高さは0.1mmであった。複数の第2リブは、それぞれ、正極板の高さ方向に沿って形成され、第2リブの平均高さは、0.7mmであり、正極板に対向する領域において第2リブのピッチは、10mmであった。また、セパレータのベース部の平均厚みは、0.2mmであった。セパレータの総厚は1.0mmであった。セパレータの平均細孔径は、0.1μmであった。
また、化成後の正極板の質量は、耳部を除いて93.0g/枚であり、うち正極格子が占める質量は耳部を除いて37.0g/枚であり、正極活物質が占める質量は、56.0g(336g/セル)であった。正極活物質量に基づき、鉛蓄電池の理論容量を求めると75.3Ah/セルとなる。正極電極材料の密度は4.00g/mLであり、正極電極材料の比表面積および細孔容積は、それぞれ、6.80m2/gおよび0.14mL/gであった。
また、化成後の負極板の質量は、耳部を除いて75.0g/枚であり、うち負極格子が占める質量は耳部を除いて32.0g/枚であり、負極活物質が占める質量は、42.0g(294g/セル)であった。負極活物質量に基づき、鉛蓄電池の理論容量を求めると76.1Ah/セルとなる。負極電極材料の密度は4.10g/mLであり、負極電極材料の比表面積および細孔容積は、それぞれ、0.54m2/gおよび0.12mL/gであった。
上記の鉛蓄電池の製造において、電解液の量を調整し、液利用率が70%のもの、および、液利用率が90%のものを作製した。
また、セパレータの総厚およびベース厚を一定とし、第1リブおよび第2リブの高さを調整することで、リブパラメータQを125~400の範囲で変化させ、リブパラメータQが異なる鉛蓄電池を作製した。
このようにして、液利用率UとリブパラメータQの組み合わせが異なる複数の鉛蓄電池B1~B24を作成し、耐浸透短絡性を評価した。表1に、評価に用いた鉛蓄電池の液利用率とリブパラメータQの値を示す。
下記の条件で、鉛蓄電池の充放電を繰り返した。具体的には、25℃において、下記の(a)~(d)を1サイクルとして、5サイクル実施した。5サイクル後の電解液比重を測定し、浸透短絡が発生した電池の割合を調べた。
(a)定電流放電:0.05CA(終止電圧1.0V/セル)
(b)定抵抗放電:10Ωの抵抗に接続し、28日間放置する。
(c)定電圧充電:制限電流50Aおよび2.4V/セルの電圧で10分間充電する。
(d)定電流放電:0.05CAで27時間放電する。
2:負極板
3:正極板
4:セパレータ
5:正極棚部
6:負極棚部
7:正極柱
8:貫通接続体
9:負極柱
11:極板群
12:電槽
13:隔壁
14:セル室
15:蓋
16:負極端子
17:正極端子
18:液口栓
Claims (7)
- 正極板と、負極板と、正極板および負極板の間に介在するセパレータと、電解液とを備え、
前記電解液中に、Naを0.03~0.3mol/L、および/または、Alを0.02~0.2mol/L含み、
前記セパレータは、前記負極板の側に第1リブを備え、
前記第1リブが前記セパレータの主面から突出する高さをh(mm)とし、前記電解液の利用率をU(%)として、Q=U/(h1/2)で表されるリブパラメータQが、300以下である、鉛蓄電池。 - 前記リブパラメータQが、150以上である、請求項1に記載の鉛蓄電池。
- 前記電解液の利用率が、70%~90%である、請求項1または2に記載の鉛蓄電池。
- 前記セパレータは、前記正極板の側に第2リブを備える、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の鉛蓄電池。
- 前記セパレータが袋状である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の鉛蓄電池。
- 前記セパレータは、前記負極板を収容している、請求項5に記載の鉛蓄電池。
- 前記セパレータは、前記正極板を収容している、請求項5に記載の鉛蓄電池。
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| JP2019550936A JP7255492B2 (ja) | 2017-10-31 | 2018-10-05 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| EP18874410.6A EP3680978B1 (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2018-10-05 | Lead storage battery |
| CN201880070396.3A CN111279539A (zh) | 2017-10-31 | 2018-10-05 | 铅蓄电池 |
| MYPI2020002090A MY206066A (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2018-10-05 | Lead-acid battery |
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| JP2017211364 | 2017-10-31 | ||
| JP2017-211364 | 2017-10-31 |
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| EP (1) | EP3680978B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7255492B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN111279539A (ja) |
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| WO (1) | WO2019087686A1 (ja) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020013739A (ja) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-23 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2020202025A (ja) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-17 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2021064534A (ja) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-22 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2021111445A (ja) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-08-02 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2021163617A (ja) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-11 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2023094127A (ja) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-07-05 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2024005293A (ja) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-17 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112151776A (zh) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-29 | 安徽理士电源技术有限公司 | 长寿命硅基双极性铅蓄电池正极铅膏及其制备方法 |
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| CN103943800B (zh) * | 2014-04-11 | 2016-03-09 | 昆山达功电子有限公司 | 一种蓄电池 |
| JP6432609B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-14 | 2018-12-05 | 日立化成株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池、マイクロハイブリッド車及びアイドリングストップシステム車 |
| WO2016204049A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-18 | 2016-12-22 | 日立化成株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
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- 2018-10-05 JP JP2019550936A patent/JP7255492B2/ja active Active
- 2018-10-05 CN CN201880070396.3A patent/CN111279539A/zh active Pending
- 2018-10-05 WO PCT/JP2018/037305 patent/WO2019087686A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2018-10-05 EP EP18874410.6A patent/EP3680978B1/en active Active
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| JP2000130516A (ja) | 1998-10-30 | 2000-05-12 | Fukuju Kogyo Kk | 金属ベルト用エレメント及び金属ベルト |
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| WO2014128803A1 (ja) | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-28 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 液式鉛蓄電池 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020013739A (ja) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-23 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2020202025A (ja) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-17 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP7037865B2 (ja) | 2019-06-06 | 2022-03-17 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2021064534A (ja) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-22 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2021111445A (ja) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-08-02 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP7128482B2 (ja) | 2020-01-06 | 2022-08-31 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2021163617A (ja) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-11 | 古河電池株式会社 | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2023094127A (ja) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-07-05 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP7722170B2 (ja) | 2021-12-23 | 2025-08-13 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP2024005293A (ja) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-17 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
| JP7797970B2 (ja) | 2022-06-30 | 2026-01-14 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MY206066A (en) | 2024-11-27 |
| EP3680978A4 (en) | 2021-06-23 |
| EP3680978B1 (en) | 2025-07-09 |
| JPWO2019087686A1 (ja) | 2020-11-12 |
| CN111279539A (zh) | 2020-06-12 |
| JP7255492B2 (ja) | 2023-04-11 |
| EP3680978A1 (en) | 2020-07-15 |
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