WO2019072811A1 - METHOD FOR PRODUCING A LAYER, ELECTRODE AND BATTERY CELL - Google Patents
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A LAYER, ELECTRODE AND BATTERY CELL Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019072811A1 WO2019072811A1 PCT/EP2018/077415 EP2018077415W WO2019072811A1 WO 2019072811 A1 WO2019072811 A1 WO 2019072811A1 EP 2018077415 W EP2018077415 W EP 2018077415W WO 2019072811 A1 WO2019072811 A1 WO 2019072811A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- collector foil
- laser beam
- electrode
- battery cell
- collector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
- B23K26/0821—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head using multifaceted mirrors, e.g. polygonal mirror
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0838—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt
- B23K26/0846—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt for moving elongated workpieces longitudinally, e.g. wire or strip material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/354—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/355—Texturing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/043—Processes of manufacture in general involving compressing or compaction
- H01M4/0435—Rolling or calendering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a current conductor for an electrode of a battery cell by providing a band-shaped
- Collector foil moving the collector foil in a longitudinal direction and guiding a laser beam in a plurality of paths across an upper side of said one
- the invention also relates to an electrode for a battery cell and a battery cell.
- Electrical energy can be stored by means of batteries. Batteries convert chemical reaction energy into electrical energy. Here are batteries.
- Primary batteries and secondary batteries distinguished. Primary batteries are only functional once, while secondary batteries, also referred to as accumulators, are rechargeable. In particular, so-called lithium-ion battery cells are used in an accumulator. These are characterized among other things by high energy densities, thermal stability and extremely low self-discharge. Lithium-ion battery cells have a positive electrode, also known as
- Cathode is called, and a negative electrode, which is also referred to as anode on.
- the cathode and the anode each comprise a generally metallic current collector, on which an active material is applied.
- the electrodes of the battery cell are formed like a foil and, with the interposition of a separator, which separates the anode from the cathode, for example wound into an electrode winding.
- the electrodes may also be stacked into an electrode stack or in some other way form an electrode unit.
- the two electrodes of the electrode unit are electrically connected to poles of the battery cell, which are also referred to as terminals.
- the electrodes and separator are surrounded by a generally liquid electrolyte.
- the battery cell further comprises a cell housing, which is made of aluminum, for example.
- the cell housing is usually prismatic, in particular cuboid, designed and pressure-resistant. But other forms of housing, such as circular cylindrical, or flexible pouch cells are known.
- a surface of the current conductor is structured or roughened.
- Such structuring can be generated, for example, by means of a laser beam which is guided over the surface.
- a thin film battery which has a current collector with a structured surface.
- the structuring on the surface of the current conductor is produced by material removal by means of a laser beam.
- the document US 2010/0112452 Al discloses a current collector for a battery which has a metal foil.
- a surface of the metal foil has protrusions and depressions.
- the projections and depressions are generated by means of a laser beam. Disclosure of the invention
- a method for producing a current conductor for an electrode of a battery cell is proposed.
- the electrode may be an anode or a cathode.
- the method comprises at least the steps listed below.
- a band-shaped collector foil is provided.
- the collector foil is wound on a roll and has in particular
- the collector foil is made of copper, for example.
- the collector foil is made of aluminum, for example. The collector foil is then moved in a longitudinal direction. For example, the collector foil is unwound from the roll.
- a laser beam is guided in a plurality of paths across an upper surface of the collector film in a transverse direction while the collector film is moved in the longitudinal direction.
- the laser beam may be, for example, a
- Nanosecond laser or a continuous wave laser are conceivable.
- the laser beam exits from a laser source and is before reaching the top of the collector film of a rotating polygon of a
- Polygon scanner deflected By means of the rotating polygon wheel, the laser beam is always guided in the same direction, in particular in parallel paths over the top of the collector foil.
- the polygon wheel rotates such that the deflected by a side surface of the polygon wheel
- Laser beam is guided in exactly one path over the top of the collector foil.
- Polygonrad deflected laser beam deflected before reaching the top of the collector foil by a movable mirror unit By the movement of the mirror unit, an alignment of the laser beam can be further specified.
- the movement of the collector foil in the longitudinal direction can be compensated by a corresponding movement of the mirror unit.
- the polygon wheel deflects the laser beam in a direction referred to as "fast axis”
- the mirror unit deflects the laser beam in a direction referred to as "slow axis”.
- the mirror unit is preferably moved by a galvanometer drive.
- Galvanometer drives are known for example from Wikipedia and are used for the relatively fast drive mirrors.
- the laser beam is guided over the top of the collector foil in such a way that material of the collector foil located near the upper side is melted. Only material up to a certain penetration depth is melted. In particular, material of the collector foil, which is located near the bottom, which is opposite to the top, is not melted, but remains in a solid state. The material of the collector foil near the top is liquid only for a short time and solidifies shortly afterwards.
- the laser beam is thereby over the top of the
- the said droplets are formed as a result of different surface tensions of the liquid material of the
- Collector foil Said effect is also known as Marangoni convection.
- the shape of the droplets remains at least approximately preserved when the material of the collector foil solidifies again.
- the solidified droplets now form convex elevations, which extend in a vertical direction of the collector foil.
- the vertical direction is perpendicular to the transverse direction and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- the transverse direction in which the laser beam in multiple tracks over the top of the
- Collector film is moved, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, in which the collector foil is moved.
- the transverse direction in which the laser beam is moved in a plurality of tracks over the top of the collector foil, inclined to the longitudinal direction, in which the collector foil is moved is inclined to the longitudinal direction, in which the collector foil is moved.
- an electrode for a battery cell which comprises at least one current conductor, which is produced by the method according to the invention.
- a battery cell which comprises at least one electrode according to the invention.
- the inventive method allows a generation of a
- Structuring forms anchoring possibilities for active material, which is applied to the current conductor for the production of an electrode.
- the coarse structuring advantageously improves the adhesion of the active material to the current conductor in the production of the electrode. This is the result
- Electrodes with extremely high processing speeds, as it is necessary for mass production can be produced.
- the thermal influence on the collector foil exerted by the laser beam can be advantageously regulated, controlled and advantageously exploited for the production of a desired surface roughening of the collector foil.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a battery cell, a schematic representation of an arrangement for producing a Stromableiters in side view, a schematic sectional view of the arrangement of Figure 2 along the section line AA, a schematic sectional view of the arrangement of Figure 2 along the section line BB, a schematic sectional view of Arrangement of Figure 2 along the section line CC and a schematic, perspective view of a portion of the arrangement for producing a Stromableiters of Figure 2.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a battery cell 2
- Battery cell 2 comprises a housing 3, which is prismatic, in the present cuboid, is formed.
- the housing 3 is designed to be electrically conductive and manufactured, for example, from aluminum.
- the battery cell 2 comprises a negative terminal 11 and a positive terminal 12. Via the terminals 11, 12, a voltage provided by the battery cell 2 can be tapped off. Furthermore, the battery cell 2 can also be charged via the terminals 11, 12.
- an electrode unit 10 is arranged, which, for example, as an electrode stack or as
- the electrode unit 10 has two electrodes, namely an anode 21 and a cathode 22.
- the anode 21 and the cathode 22 are each designed like a film and separated by a separator 18 from each other.
- the separator 18 is ionically conductive, that is permeable to lithium ions.
- the anode 21 comprises an anodic active material 41 and a current conductor 31.
- the current conductor 31 of the anode 21 is made electrically conductive and made of a metal, for example of copper.
- the current conductor 31 of the anode 21 is electrically connected to the negative terminal 11 of the battery cell 2.
- the cathode 22 comprises a cathodic active material 42 and a
- the current collector 32 of the cathode 22 is made electrically conductive and made of a metal, for example aluminum.
- the current collector 32 of the cathode 22 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 12 of the battery cell 2.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an arrangement for producing a Stromableiters 31, 32 of an electrode 21, 22 of the battery cell 2 of Figure 1 in side view.
- the electrode 21, 22 may be the anode 21 or the cathode 22.
- a collector foil 51 is wound on a roll 54. If the current conductor 31 of the anode 21 is produced, then the collector foil 51 is made of copper. If the current conductor 32 of the cathode 22 is produced, then the collector foil 51 is made of aluminum.
- the collector foil 51 is unwound from the roller 54, deflected several times and then moved in a longitudinal direction x. For example, the
- Collector film 51 thereby moved at a speed of 30 m / min to 150 m / min in the longitudinal direction x.
- a laser beam 80 is passed over the collector foil 51, while the
- Collector film 51 is moved in the longitudinal direction x. Irradiation with the laser beam 80 generates a structuring in the form of droplets 57 on the collector foil 51. This results in the current conductor 31, 32 of the electrode 21, 22.
- the formation of said patterning on the collector foil 51 and the current conductor 31, 32 of the electrode 21, 22 is described in detail in the following figures.
- the active material 41, 42 is applied in the form of a viscous slurry on the current conductor 31, 32 and distributed by means of a doctor blade 65.
- the active material 41, 42 is subsequently dried, for example by means of an infrared radiation 69.
- the thickness of the active material 41, 42 is reduced to about 20 ⁇ to 300 ⁇ .
- the thickness of the active material 41, 42 is the extent of the active material 41, 42 in a vertical direction z, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the arrangement from FIG. 2 along the section line AA.
- the collector foil 51 has an upper side 55 and an underside 56 lying opposite the upper side 55.
- the upper side 55 and the lower side 56 of the collector foil 51 each have a relatively smooth surface.
- the thickness of the collector foil 51 is presently about 15 ⁇ .
- the thickness of the collector foil 51 is the extent of the collector foil 51 in the vertical direction z, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x and perpendicular to a transverse direction y.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the arrangement from FIG. 2 along the section line B-B.
- a laser beam 80 is placed over the top surface 55 of FIG. 4
- the laser beam 80 may be, for example, a nanosecond laser or a continuous wave laser.
- the laser beam 80 penetrates into the collector foil 51 in the vertical direction z up to a certain penetration depth. In this case, near the top 55 befindliches material of the collector foil 51 is melted. The material of the collector foil 51 is only up to the said penetration depth
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the arrangement from FIG. 2 along the section line C-C.
- the molten material of the collector foil 51 forms droplets 57.
- the said droplets 57 are formed as a result of different surface tensions of the liquid material of the
- Collector foil 51 at the top 55 is also known as Marangoni convection.
- Collector film 51 solidifies again.
- the solidified droplets 57 form convex elevations which extend in the vertical direction z. The result is the current conductor 31, 32 of the electrode 21, 22.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of a part of the arrangement for producing a current conductor 31, 32 from FIG. 2.
- the laser beam 80 exits from a laser source 82 and is deflected before reaching the upper side 55 of the collector foil 51.
- the laser beam 80 is in a plurality of tracks 60 are guided over the top 55 of the collector foil 51, while the collector foil 51 is moved in the longitudinal direction x.
- the webs 60 run parallel to each other in the transverse direction y.
- the laser beam 80 is first deflected by a rotating polygon wheel 70 of a polygon scanner.
- the polygon wheel 70 rotates about an axis of rotation 75 and has a plurality, in the present case eight, side surfaces 71.
- the axis of rotation 75 runs parallel to the side surfaces 71.
- Each two adjacent side surfaces 71 abut on a common edge 72.
- the number of side surfaces 71 thus corresponds to the
- edges 72 are parallel to the axis of rotation 75th
- Polygon wheel 70 deflected laser beam 80 in addition from a movable
- the mirror unit 90 deflected.
- the mirror unit 90 is a
- Moving axis 95 is movable and is moved by a galvanometer 92.
- the movement of the mirror unit 90 for example, the movement of the collector foil 51 in the longitudinal direction x is compensated.
- the laser beam 80 is always guided in the same direction in the parallel tracks 60 over the upper side 55 of the collector foil 51.
- the laser beam 80 moves on the upper side 55 of the collector foil 51 at a speed of up to 1000 m / s in the said webs 60 in the transverse direction y.
- the laser beam 80 hits after exiting the laser source 82 on one of the side surfaces 71 of the polygon wheel 70.
- the polygon wheel 70 is such
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Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à fabriquer un collecteur de courant (31, 32) destiné à une électrode d'un élément de batterie, comprenant les étapes suivantes consistant à: fournir une feuille de collecteur en forme de bande (51), déplacer la feuille de collecteur (51) dans une direction longitudinale (x), guider un faisceau laser (80) dans plusieurs voies (60) sur une face supérieure (55) de la feuille de collecteur (51) dans une direction transversale (y) pendant le déplacement de la feuille de collecteur (51) dans la direction longitudinale (x), le faisceau laser (80) sortant d'une source laser (82) et étant renvoyé par une roue polygonale rotative (70) avant d'atteindre la face supérieure (55) de la feuille de collecteur (51). L'invention concerne également une électrode destinée à un élément de batterie, qui comprend au moins un collecteur de courant (31, 32) fabriqué d'après le procédé selon l'invention, ainsi qu'un élément de batterie qui comprend au moins une électrode selon l'invention.A method for manufacturing a current collector (31, 32) for an electrode of a battery cell, comprising the steps of: providing a strip-like collector sheet (51), moving the collector sheet (51) in a longitudinal direction (x), guiding a laser beam (80) in a plurality of channels (60) on an upper face (55) of the collector sheet (51) in a transverse direction (y) during movement of the collector sheet (51) in the longitudinal direction (x), the laser beam (80) exiting a laser source (82) and being returned by a rotatable polygonal wheel (70) before reaching the upper face (55) of the collector sheet (51). The invention also relates to an electrode for a battery cell, which comprises at least one current collector (31, 32) made according to the method according to the invention, and a battery cell which comprises at least one electrode according to the invention.
Description
Beschreibung description
Titel title
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stromableiters, Elektrode und Batteriezelle Method for producing a current conductor, electrode and battery cell
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stromableiters für eine Elektrode einer Batteriezelle durch Bereitstellen einer bandförmigen The invention relates to a method for producing a current conductor for an electrode of a battery cell by providing a band-shaped
Kollektorfolie, Bewegen der Kollektorfolie in eine Längsrichtung und Führen eines Laserstrahls in mehreren Bahnen über eine Oberseite der besagten Collector foil, moving the collector foil in a longitudinal direction and guiding a laser beam in a plurality of paths across an upper side of said one
Kollektorfolie. Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Elektrode für eine Batteriezelle und eine Batteriezelle. Collector foil. The invention also relates to an electrode for a battery cell and a battery cell.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Elektrische Energie ist mittels Batterien speicherbar. Batterien wandeln chemische Reaktionsenergie in elektrische Energie um. Hierbei werden Electrical energy can be stored by means of batteries. Batteries convert chemical reaction energy into electrical energy. Here are
Primärbatterien und Sekundärbatterien unterschieden. Primärbatterien sind nur einmal funktionsfähig, während Sekundärbatterien, die auch als Akkumulator bezeichnet werden, wieder aufladbar sind. In einem Akkumulator finden insbesondere sogenannte Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen Verwendung. Diese zeichnen sich unter anderem durch hohe Energiedichten, thermische Stabilität und eine äußerst geringe Selbstentladung aus. Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen weisen eine positive Elektrode, die auch als Primary batteries and secondary batteries distinguished. Primary batteries are only functional once, while secondary batteries, also referred to as accumulators, are rechargeable. In particular, so-called lithium-ion battery cells are used in an accumulator. These are characterized among other things by high energy densities, thermal stability and extremely low self-discharge. Lithium-ion battery cells have a positive electrode, also known as
Kathode bezeichnet wird, und eine negative Elektrode, die auch als Anode bezeichnet wird, auf. Die Kathode sowie die Anode umfassen je einen in der Regel metallischen Stromableiter, auf den ein Aktivmaterial aufgebracht ist. Die Elektroden der Batteriezelle sind folienartig ausgebildet und unter Zwischenlage eines Separators, welcher die Anode von der Kathode trennt, beispielsweise zu einem Elektrodenwickel gewunden. Die Elektroden können auch zu einem Elektrodenstapel gestapelt sein oder auf eine andere Art eine Elektrodeneinheit bilden. Die beiden Elektroden der Elektrodeneinheit sind elektrisch mit Polen der Batteriezelle verbunden, welche auch als Terminals bezeichnet werden. Die Elektroden und der Separator sind von einem in der Regel flüssigen Elektrolyt umgeben. Die Batteriezelle weist ferner ein Zellengehäuse auf, welches beispielsweise aus Aluminium gefertigt ist. Das Zellengehäuse ist in der Regel prismatisch, insbesondere quaderförmig, ausgestaltet und druckfest ausgebildet. Aber auch andere Gehäuseformen, beispielsweise kreiszylindrisch, oder auch flexible Pouchzellen, sind bekannt. Cathode is called, and a negative electrode, which is also referred to as anode on. The cathode and the anode each comprise a generally metallic current collector, on which an active material is applied. The electrodes of the battery cell are formed like a foil and, with the interposition of a separator, which separates the anode from the cathode, for example wound into an electrode winding. The electrodes may also be stacked into an electrode stack or in some other way form an electrode unit. The two electrodes of the electrode unit are electrically connected to poles of the battery cell, which are also referred to as terminals. The electrodes and separator are surrounded by a generally liquid electrolyte. The battery cell further comprises a cell housing, which is made of aluminum, for example. The cell housing is usually prismatic, in particular cuboid, designed and pressure-resistant. But other forms of housing, such as circular cylindrical, or flexible pouch cells are known.
Zum Aufbringen des Aktivmaterials auf den Stromableiter ist es vorteilhaft, wenn eine Oberfläche des Stromableiters strukturiert oder aufgeraut ist. Eine solche Strukturierung kann beispielsweise mittels eines Laserstrahls, der über die Oberfläche geführt wird, erzeugt werden. For applying the active material to the current conductor, it is advantageous if a surface of the current conductor is structured or roughened. Such structuring can be generated, for example, by means of a laser beam which is guided over the surface.
Aus dem Artikel "Direct laser interference patterning and ultrafast laser-induced micro/nano structuring of current collectors for lithium-ion batteries" (Proc. of SPI E Vol. 9736 97361B-1) ist ein Verfahren zur Strukturierung von Metallfolien, insbesondere zum Einsatz als Stromableiter in Elektroden von Lithium-Ionen Batterien, bekannt. From the article "Direct laser interference patterning and ultrafast laser-induced micro / nano structuring current collector for lithium-ion batteries" (Proc. Of SPI E Vol. 9736 97361B-1) is a method for structuring metal foils, in particular for use as a current conductor in electrodes of lithium-ion batteries, known.
Aus dem Artikel "Laserstrukturierung in der Batterieproduktion" (iwb newsletter 3, 8/2015) ist ebenfalls ein Verfahren zur Laserstrukturierung von Elektrodenfolien von Lithium- Ionen- Batterien bekannt. Dabei werden durch kurze Laserpulse mikroskopisch kleine Vertiefungen in Substratfolien eingebracht. From the article "Laser structuring in battery production" (iwb newsletter 3, 8/2015) is also a method for laser structuring of electrode films of lithium-ion batteries known. In this case, microscopic depressions are introduced into substrate films by short laser pulses.
Aus dem Dokument WO 2016/033379 AI ist eine Dünnfilmbatterie bekannt, welche einen Stromableiter mit einer strukturierten Oberfläche aufweist. Die Strukturierung auf der Oberfläche des Stromableiters wird durch Materialabtrag mittels eines Laserstrahls erzeugt. From the document WO 2016/033379 AI a thin film battery is known, which has a current collector with a structured surface. The structuring on the surface of the current conductor is produced by material removal by means of a laser beam.
Das Dokument US 2010/0112452 AI offenbart einen Stromableiter für eine Batterie, welcher eine Metallfolie aufweist. Eine Oberfläche der Metallfolie weist Vorsprünge und Vertiefungen auf. Die Vorsprünge und Vertiefungen werden mittels eines Laserstrahls erzeugt. Offenbarung der Erfindung The document US 2010/0112452 Al discloses a current collector for a battery which has a metal foil. A surface of the metal foil has protrusions and depressions. The projections and depressions are generated by means of a laser beam. Disclosure of the invention
Es wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stromableiters für eine Elektrode einer Batteriezelle vorgeschlagen. Bei der Elektrode kann es sich dabei um eine Anode oder um eine Kathode handeln. Das Verfahren umfasst dabei mindestens die nachfolgend aufgeführten Schritte. A method for producing a current conductor for an electrode of a battery cell is proposed. The electrode may be an anode or a cathode. The method comprises at least the steps listed below.
Zunächst wird eine bandförmige Kollektorfolie bereitgestellt. Beispielsweise ist die Kollektorfolie auf einer Rolle aufgewickelt und weist insbesondere First, a band-shaped collector foil is provided. For example, the collector foil is wound on a roll and has in particular
verhältnismäßig glatte Oberflächen auf. Wenn der Stromableiter für eine Anode vorgesehen ist, so ist die Kollektorfolie beispielsweise aus Kupfer. Wenn der Stromableiter für eine Kathode vorgesehen ist, so ist die Kollektorfolie beispielsweise aus Aluminium. Die Kollektorfolie wird dann in eine Längsrichtung bewegt. Beispielsweise wird die Kollektorfolie von der Rolle abgewickelt. relatively smooth surfaces. When the current collector is provided for an anode, the collector foil is made of copper, for example. When the current collector is provided for a cathode, the collector foil is made of aluminum, for example. The collector foil is then moved in a longitudinal direction. For example, the collector foil is unwound from the roll.
Ein Laserstrahl wird in mehreren Bahnen über eine Oberseite der Kollektorfolie in eine Querrichtung geführt, während die Kollektorfolie in die Längsrichtung bewegt wird. Bei dem Laserstrahl kann es sich beispielsweise um einen A laser beam is guided in a plurality of paths across an upper surface of the collector film in a transverse direction while the collector film is moved in the longitudinal direction. The laser beam may be, for example, a
Nanosekundenlaser oder um einen Continuous-Wave- Laser handeln. Auch weitere Arten von Laserstrahlen sind denkbar. Nanosecond laser or a continuous wave laser. Other types of laser beams are conceivable.
Der Laserstrahl tritt dabei aus einer Laserquelle aus und wird vor Erreichen der Oberseite der Kollektorfolie von einem rotierenden Polygonrad eines The laser beam exits from a laser source and is before reaching the top of the collector film of a rotating polygon of a
Polygonscanners umgelenkt. Mittels des rotierenden Polygonrades wird der Laserstrahl immer in die gleiche Richtung insbesondere in parallelen Bahnen über die Oberseite der Kollektorfolie geführt. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung rotiert das Polygonrad derart, dass der von einer Seitenfläche des Polygonrades umgelenkte Polygon scanner deflected. By means of the rotating polygon wheel, the laser beam is always guided in the same direction, in particular in parallel paths over the top of the collector foil. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the polygon wheel rotates such that the deflected by a side surface of the polygon wheel
Laserstrahl in genau einer Bahn über die Oberseite der Kollektorfolie geführt wird. Der von der folgenden Seitenfläche des Polygonrades umgelenkte Laser beam is guided in exactly one path over the top of the collector foil. The deflected by the following side surface of the polygon wheel
Laserstrahl wird dann in der nächsten Bahn über die Oberseite der Kollektorfolie geführt. Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird der von dem Laser beam is then passed in the next path over the top of the collector foil. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention is of the
Polygonrad umgelenkte Laserstrahl vor Erreichen der Oberseite der Kollektorfolie von einer beweglichen Spiegeleinheit umgelenkt. Durch die Bewegung der Spiegeleinheit kann eine Ausrichtung des Laserstrahls weiter präzisiert werden. Insbesondere kann die Bewegung der Kollektorfolie in Längsrichtung durch eine entsprechende Bewegung der Spiegeleinheit kompensiert werden. Vorzugsweise lenkt das Polygonrad den Laserstrahl in eine als "fast axis" bezeichnete Richtung ab, und die Spiegeleinheit lenkt den Laserstrahl in eine als "slow axis" bezeichnete Richtung ab. Polygonrad deflected laser beam deflected before reaching the top of the collector foil by a movable mirror unit. By the movement of the mirror unit, an alignment of the laser beam can be further specified. In particular, the movement of the collector foil in the longitudinal direction can be compensated by a corresponding movement of the mirror unit. Preferably, the polygon wheel deflects the laser beam in a direction referred to as "fast axis", and the mirror unit deflects the laser beam in a direction referred to as "slow axis".
Bevorzugt wird die Spiegeleinheit dabei von einem Galvanometerantrieb bewegt. Galvanometerantriebe sind beispielsweise aus Wikipedia bekannt und dienen zum verhältnismäßig schnellen Antrieb von Spiegeln. The mirror unit is preferably moved by a galvanometer drive. Galvanometer drives are known for example from Wikipedia and are used for the relatively fast drive mirrors.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird der Laserstrahl derart über die Oberseite der Kollektorfolie geführt, dass nahe der Oberseite befindliches Material der Kollektorfolie aufgeschmolzen wird. Dabei wird nur Material bis zu einer bestimmten Eindringtiefe aufgeschmolzen. Insbesondere wird Material der Kollektorfolie, welches sich nahe der Unterseite, welche der Oberseite gegenüber liegt, befindet, nicht aufgeschmolzen, sondern bleibt in festem Zustand. Das Material der Kollektorfolie nahe der Oberseite wird dabei nur kurzzeitig flüssig und erstarrt kurz darauf wieder. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the laser beam is guided over the top of the collector foil in such a way that material of the collector foil located near the upper side is melted. Only material up to a certain penetration depth is melted. In particular, material of the collector foil, which is located near the bottom, which is opposite to the top, is not melted, but remains in a solid state. The material of the collector foil near the top is liquid only for a short time and solidifies shortly afterwards.
Insbesondere wird der Laserstrahl dabei derart über die Oberseite der In particular, the laser beam is thereby over the top of the
Kollektorfolie geführt, dass aufgeschmolzenes Material der Kollektorfolie Collector foil led that melted material of the collector foil
Tröpfchen bildet. Die besagten Tröpfchen bilden sich dabei infolge von unterschiedlichen Oberflächenspannungen des flüssigen Materials der Forms droplets. The said droplets are formed as a result of different surface tensions of the liquid material of the
Kollektorfolie. Besagter Effekt ist auch als Marangoni-Konvektion bekannt. Die Form der Tröpfchen bleibt dabei zumindest annähernd erhalten, wenn das Material der Kollektorfolie wieder erstarrt. Die erstarrten Tröpfchen bilden nunmehr konvexe Erhebungen, welche sich in eine Vertikal richtung von der Kollektorfolie erstrecken. Die Vertikalrichtung verläuft rechtwinklig zu der Querrichtung und rechtwinklig zu der Längsrichtung. Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung verläuft die Querrichtung, in welche der Laserstrahl in mehreren Bahnen über die Oberseite der Collector foil. Said effect is also known as Marangoni convection. The shape of the droplets remains at least approximately preserved when the material of the collector foil solidifies again. The solidified droplets now form convex elevations, which extend in a vertical direction of the collector foil. The vertical direction is perpendicular to the transverse direction and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the transverse direction, in which the laser beam in multiple tracks over the top of the
Kollektorfolie bewegt wird, rechtwinklig zu der Längsrichtung, in welche die Kollektorfolie bewegt wird. Collector film is moved, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, in which the collector foil is moved.
Gemäß einer anderen vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung verläuft die Querrichtung, in welche der Laserstrahl in mehreren Bahnen über die Oberseite der Kollektorfolie bewegt wird, geneigt zu der Längsrichtung, in welche die Kollektorfolie bewegt wird. Das bedeutet, dass die besagte Querrichtung und die besagte Längsrichtung einen Winkel zwischen 0° und 90° zueinander According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the transverse direction in which the laser beam is moved in a plurality of tracks over the top of the collector foil, inclined to the longitudinal direction, in which the collector foil is moved. This means that said transverse direction and said longitudinal direction are at an angle between 0 ° and 90 ° to each other
einschließen. lock in.
Es wird auch eine Elektrode für einen Batteriezelle vorgeschlagen, welche mindestens einen Stromableiter umfasst, der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt ist. It is also proposed an electrode for a battery cell, which comprises at least one current conductor, which is produced by the method according to the invention.
Ferner wird auch eine Batteriezelle vorgeschlagen, welche mindestens eine erfindungsgemäße Elektrode umfasst. Furthermore, a battery cell is proposed which comprises at least one electrode according to the invention.
Vorteile der Erfindung Advantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren gestattet eine Erzeugung einer The inventive method allows a generation of a
verhältnismäßig groben Strukturierung auf einem Stromableiter. Die relatively rough structuring on a current conductor. The
Strukturierung bildet dabei Verankerungsmöglichkeiten für Aktivmaterial, welches zur Herstellung einer Elektrode auf den Stromableiter aufgebracht wird. Durch die grobe Strukturierung ist die Haftung des Aktivmaterials auf dem Stromableiter bei der Herstellung der Elektrode vorteilhaft verbessert. Dadurch ist die Structuring forms anchoring possibilities for active material, which is applied to the current conductor for the production of an electrode. The coarse structuring advantageously improves the adhesion of the active material to the current conductor in the production of the electrode. This is the result
Leitfähigkeit für Ionen und für Elektronen verbessert und die Lebensdauer einer Batteriezelle ist erhöht. Auch ist die Gefahr einer Ablösung des Aktivmaterials von dem Stromableiter im Betrieb der Batteriezelle vermindert. Mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind Stromableiter für Elektroden sowie Conductivity for ions and for electrons improved and the life of a battery cell is increased. Also, the risk of detachment of the active material from the current conductor during operation of the battery cell is reduced. By means of the method according to the invention current conductors for electrodes and
Elektroden mit extrem hohen Verarbeitungsgeschwindigkeiten, wie es für eine Massenproduktion notwendig ist, herstellbar. Der von dem Laserstrahl ausgeübte thermische Einfluss auf die Kollektorfolie kann dabei vorteilhaft reguliert, gesteuert und für die Erzeugung einer gewünschten Oberflächenaufrauhung an der Kollektorfolie vorteilhaft ausgenutzt werden. Electrodes with extremely high processing speeds, as it is necessary for mass production can be produced. The thermal influence on the collector foil exerted by the laser beam can be advantageously regulated, controlled and advantageously exploited for the production of a desired surface roughening of the collector foil.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnungen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings and the description below.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Batteriezelle, eine schematische Darstellung einer Anordnung zur Herstellung eines Stromableiters in Seitenansicht, eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der Anordnung aus Figur 2 entlang der Schnittlinie A-A, eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der Anordnung aus Figur 2 entlang der Schnittlinie B-B, eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der Anordnung aus Figur 2 entlang der Schnittlinie C-C und eine schematische, perspektivische Darstellung eines Teils der Anordnung zur Herstellung eines Stromableiters aus Figur 2. Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a battery cell, a schematic representation of an arrangement for producing a Stromableiters in side view, a schematic sectional view of the arrangement of Figure 2 along the section line AA, a schematic sectional view of the arrangement of Figure 2 along the section line BB, a schematic sectional view of Arrangement of Figure 2 along the section line CC and a schematic, perspective view of a portion of the arrangement for producing a Stromableiters of Figure 2.
Ausführungsformen der Erfindung In der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden gleiche oder ähnliche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet, wobei auf eine wiederholte Beschreibung dieser Elemente in Einzelfällen verzichtet wird. Die Figuren stellen den Gegenstand der Erfindung nur schematisch dar. Figur 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Batteriezelle 2. Die EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION In the following description of embodiments of the invention, the same or similar elements will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and a repeated description of these elements will be omitted in individual cases. The figures illustrate the subject matter of the invention only schematically. FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a battery cell 2
Batteriezelle 2 umfasst ein Gehäuse 3, welches prismatisch, vorliegend quaderförmig, ausgebildet ist. Das Gehäuse 3 ist vorliegend elektrisch leitend ausgeführt und beispielsweise aus Aluminium gefertigt. Battery cell 2 comprises a housing 3, which is prismatic, in the present cuboid, is formed. In the present case, the housing 3 is designed to be electrically conductive and manufactured, for example, from aluminum.
Die Batteriezelle 2 umfasst ein negatives Terminal 11 und ein positives Terminal 12. Über die Terminals 11, 12 kann eine von der Batteriezelle 2 zur Verfügung gestellte Spannung abgegriffen werden. Ferner kann die Batteriezelle 2 über die Terminals 11, 12 auch geladen werden. The battery cell 2 comprises a negative terminal 11 and a positive terminal 12. Via the terminals 11, 12, a voltage provided by the battery cell 2 can be tapped off. Furthermore, the battery cell 2 can also be charged via the terminals 11, 12.
Innerhalb des Gehäuses 3 der Batteriezelle 2 ist eine Elektrodeneinheit 10 angeordnet, welche beispielsweise als Elektrodenstapel oder als Within the housing 3 of the battery cell 2, an electrode unit 10 is arranged, which, for example, as an electrode stack or as
Elektrodenwickel ausgeführt ist. Die Elektrodeneinheit 10 weist zwei Elektroden, nämlich eine Anode 21 und eine Kathode 22, auf. Die Anode 21 und die Kathode 22 sind jeweils folienartig ausgeführt und durch einen Separator 18 voneinander separiert. Der Separator 18 ist dabei ionisch leitfähig, also für Lithiumionen durchlässig. Electrode winding is performed. The electrode unit 10 has two electrodes, namely an anode 21 and a cathode 22. The anode 21 and the cathode 22 are each designed like a film and separated by a separator 18 from each other. The separator 18 is ionically conductive, that is permeable to lithium ions.
Die Anode 21 umfasst ein anodisches Aktivmaterial 41 und einen Stromableiter 31. Der Stromableiter 31 der Anode 21 ist elektrisch leitfähig ausgeführt und aus einem Metall gefertigt, beispielsweise aus Kupfer. Der Stromableiter 31 der Anode 21 ist elektrisch mit dem negativen Terminal 11 der Batteriezelle 2 verbunden. Die Kathode 22 umfasst ein kathodisches Aktivmaterial 42 und einen The anode 21 comprises an anodic active material 41 and a current conductor 31. The current conductor 31 of the anode 21 is made electrically conductive and made of a metal, for example of copper. The current conductor 31 of the anode 21 is electrically connected to the negative terminal 11 of the battery cell 2. The cathode 22 comprises a cathodic active material 42 and a
Stromableiter 32. Der Stromableiter 32 der Kathode 22 ist elektrisch leitfähig ausgeführt und aus einem Metall gefertigt, beispielsweise aus Aluminium. Der Stromableiter 32 der Kathode 22 ist elektrisch mit dem positiven Terminal 12 der Batteriezelle 2 verbunden. Current conductor 32. The current collector 32 of the cathode 22 is made electrically conductive and made of a metal, for example aluminum. The current collector 32 of the cathode 22 is electrically connected to the positive terminal 12 of the battery cell 2.
Figur 2 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Anordnung zur Herstellung eines Stromableiters 31, 32 einer Elektrode 21, 22 der Batteriezelle 2 aus Figur 1 in Seitenansicht. Bei der Elektrode 21, 22 kann es sich dabei um die Anode 21 oder um die Kathode 22 handeln. Eine Kollektorfolie 51 ist auf einer Rolle 54 aufgewickelt. Sofern der Stromableiter 31 der Anode 21 hergestellt wird, so ist die Kollektorfolie 51 aus Kupfer. Sofern der Stromableiter 32 der Kathode 22 hergestellt wird, so ist die Kollektorfolie 51 aus Aluminium. Die Kollektorfolie 51 wird von der Rolle 54 abgewickelt, mehrfach umgelenkt und dann in eine Längsrichtung x bewegt. Beispielsweise wird dieFigure 2 shows a schematic representation of an arrangement for producing a Stromableiters 31, 32 of an electrode 21, 22 of the battery cell 2 of Figure 1 in side view. The electrode 21, 22 may be the anode 21 or the cathode 22. A collector foil 51 is wound on a roll 54. If the current conductor 31 of the anode 21 is produced, then the collector foil 51 is made of copper. If the current conductor 32 of the cathode 22 is produced, then the collector foil 51 is made of aluminum. The collector foil 51 is unwound from the roller 54, deflected several times and then moved in a longitudinal direction x. For example, the
Kollektorfolie 51 dabei mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 30 m/min bis 150 m/min in Längsrichtung x bewegt. Collector film 51 thereby moved at a speed of 30 m / min to 150 m / min in the longitudinal direction x.
Ein Laserstrahl 80 wird über die Kollektorfolie 51 geführt, während die A laser beam 80 is passed over the collector foil 51, while the
Kollektorfolie 51 in die Längsrichtung x bewegt wird. Durch die Bestrahlung mit dem Laserstrahl 80 wird eine Strukturierung in Form von Tröpfchen 57 auf der Kollektorfolie 51 erzeugt. So entsteht der Stromableiter 31, 32 der Elektrode 21, 22. Die Entstehung der besagten Strukturierung auf der Kollektorfolie 51 und des Stromableiters 31, 32 der Elektrode 21, 22 ist in den folgenden Figuren detailliert beschrieben. Collector film 51 is moved in the longitudinal direction x. Irradiation with the laser beam 80 generates a structuring in the form of droplets 57 on the collector foil 51. This results in the current conductor 31, 32 of the electrode 21, 22. The formation of said patterning on the collector foil 51 and the current conductor 31, 32 of the electrode 21, 22 is described in detail in the following figures.
Aus einer Düse 67 wird das Aktivmaterial 41, 42 in Form eines zähflüssigen Schlickers auf den Stromableiter 31, 32 aufgebracht und mittels eines Rakels 65 verteilt. Das Aktivmaterial 41, 42 wird anschließend, beispielsweise mittels einer Infrarot- Strahlung 69, getrocknet. Der Stromableiter 31, 32 mit dem From a nozzle 67, the active material 41, 42 is applied in the form of a viscous slurry on the current conductor 31, 32 and distributed by means of a doctor blade 65. The active material 41, 42 is subsequently dried, for example by means of an infrared radiation 69. The current conductor 31, 32 with the
aufgebrachten Aktivmaterial 41, 42 wird anschließend zwischen zwei Walzen 68 eines Kalanders kalandriert. Somit entsteht die Elektrode 21, 22 für die applied active material 41, 42 is then calendered between two rollers 68 of a calender. Thus, the electrode 21, 22 for the
Batteriezelle 2. In dem Kalander wird die Dicke des Aktivmaterials 41, 42 auf etwa 20 μηη bis 300 μηη reduziert. Die Dicke des Aktivmaterials 41, 42 ist dabei die Ausdehnung des Aktivmaterials 41, 42 in eine Vertikalrichtung z, welche rechtwinklig zu der Längsrichtung x verläuft. Figur 3 zeigt eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der Anordnung aus Figur 2 entlang der Schnittlinie A-A. Die Kollektorfolie 51 weist eine Oberseite 55 und eine der Oberseite 55 gegenüber liegende Unterseite 56 auf. Die Oberseite 55 und die Unterseite 56 der Kollektorfolie 51 weisen jeweils eine verhältnismäßig glatte Oberfläche auf. Die Dicke der Kollektorfolie 51 beträgt vorliegend etwa 15 μηη. Die Dicke der Kollektorfolie 51 ist dabei die Ausdehnung der Kollektorfolie 51 in die Vertikalrichtung z, welche rechtwinklig zu der Längsrichtung x und rechtwinklig zu einer Querrichtung y verläuft. Battery cell 2. In the calender, the thickness of the active material 41, 42 is reduced to about 20 μηη to 300 μηη. The thickness of the active material 41, 42 is the extent of the active material 41, 42 in a vertical direction z, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x. FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the arrangement from FIG. 2 along the section line AA. The collector foil 51 has an upper side 55 and an underside 56 lying opposite the upper side 55. The upper side 55 and the lower side 56 of the collector foil 51 each have a relatively smooth surface. The thickness of the collector foil 51 is presently about 15 μηη. The thickness of the collector foil 51 is the extent of the collector foil 51 in the vertical direction z, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction x and perpendicular to a transverse direction y.
Figur 4 zeigt eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der Anordnung aus Figur 2 entlang der Schnittlinie B-B. Ein Laserstrahl 80 wird über die Oberseite 55 derFIG. 4 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the arrangement from FIG. 2 along the section line B-B. A laser beam 80 is placed over the top surface 55 of FIG
Kollektorfolie 51 in die Querrichtung y geführt, während die Kollektorfolie 51 in die Längsrichtung x bewegt wird. Bei dem Laserstrahl 80 kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Nanosekundenlaser oder um einen Continuous-Wave- Laser handeln. Collector foil 51 guided in the transverse direction y, while the collector foil 51 is moved in the longitudinal direction x. The laser beam 80 may be, for example, a nanosecond laser or a continuous wave laser.
Der Laserstrahl 80 dringt dabei in Vertikalrichtung z bis zu einer bestimmten Eindringtiefe in die Kollektorfolie 51 ein. Dabei wird nahe der Oberseite 55 befindliches Material der Kollektorfolie 51 aufgeschmolzen. Das Material der Kollektorfolie 51 wird dabei nur bis zu der besagten Eindringtiefe The laser beam 80 penetrates into the collector foil 51 in the vertical direction z up to a certain penetration depth. In this case, near the top 55 befindliches material of the collector foil 51 is melted. The material of the collector foil 51 is only up to the said penetration depth
aufgeschmolzen. Material der Kollektorfolie 51, welches sich nahe der Unterseitemelted. Material of the collector foil 51, which is near the bottom
56 befindet, wird dabei nicht aufgeschmolzen, sondern verbleibt in festem Zustand. Das besagte Material der Kollektorfolie 51 nahe der Oberseite 55 wird dabei nur kurzzeitig flüssig und erstarrt kurz darauf wieder. Figur 5 zeigt eine schematische Schnittdarstellung der Anordnung aus Figur 2 entlang der Schnittlinie C-C. Das aufgeschmolzene Material der Kollektorfolie 51 bildet Tröpfchen 57 aus. Die besagten Tröpfchen 57 bilden sich dabei infolge von unterschiedlichen Oberflächenspannungen des flüssigen Materials der 56 is not melted, but remains in a solid state. The said material of the collector foil 51 near the top 55 becomes liquid only for a short time and solidifies shortly afterwards. FIG. 5 shows a schematic sectional illustration of the arrangement from FIG. 2 along the section line C-C. The molten material of the collector foil 51 forms droplets 57. The said droplets 57 are formed as a result of different surface tensions of the liquid material of the
Kollektorfolie 51 an der Oberseite 55. Besagter Effekt ist auch als Marangoni- Konvektion bekannt. Collector foil 51 at the top 55. Said effect is also known as Marangoni convection.
Die Form der Tröpfchen 57 bleibt dabei erhalten, wenn das Material der The shape of the droplets 57 is retained when the material of the
Kollektorfolie 51 wieder erstarrt. Die erstarrten Tröpfchen 57 bilden konvexe Erhebungen, welche sich in Vertikalrichtung z erstrecken. So entsteht der Stromableiter 31, 32 der Elektrode 21, 22. Collector film 51 solidifies again. The solidified droplets 57 form convex elevations which extend in the vertical direction z. The result is the current conductor 31, 32 of the electrode 21, 22.
Figur 6 zeigt eine schematische, perspektivische Darstellung eines Teils der Anordnung zur Herstellung eines Stromableiters 31, 32 aus Figur 2. Der Laserstrahl 80 tritt aus einer Laserquelle 82 aus und wird vor Erreichen der Oberseite 55 der Kollektorfolie 51 umgelenkt. Der Laserstrahl 80 wird dabei in mehreren Bahnen 60 über die Oberseite 55 der Kollektorfolie 51 geführt, während die Kollektorfolie 51 in Längsrichtung x bewegt wird. Die Bahnen 60 verlaufen dabei parallel zueinander in Querrichtung y. Der Laserstrahl 80 wird nach Austreten aus der Laserquelle 82 zunächst von einem rotierenden Polygonrad 70 eines Polygonscanners umgelenkt. Das Polygonrad 70 rotiert um eine Rotationsachse 75 und weist mehrere, vorliegend acht, Seitenflächen 71 auf. Die Rotationsachse 75 verläuft dabei parallel zu den Seitenflächen 71. Je zwei benachbarte Seitenflächen 71 stoßen an eine gemeinsame Kante 72 an. Die Anzahl der Seitenflächen 71 entspricht somit derFIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of a part of the arrangement for producing a current conductor 31, 32 from FIG. 2. The laser beam 80 exits from a laser source 82 and is deflected before reaching the upper side 55 of the collector foil 51. The laser beam 80 is in a plurality of tracks 60 are guided over the top 55 of the collector foil 51, while the collector foil 51 is moved in the longitudinal direction x. The webs 60 run parallel to each other in the transverse direction y. After exiting the laser source 82, the laser beam 80 is first deflected by a rotating polygon wheel 70 of a polygon scanner. The polygon wheel 70 rotates about an axis of rotation 75 and has a plurality, in the present case eight, side surfaces 71. The axis of rotation 75 runs parallel to the side surfaces 71. Each two adjacent side surfaces 71 abut on a common edge 72. The number of side surfaces 71 thus corresponds to the
Anzahl der Kanten 72. Die Kanten 72 des Polygonrades 70 verlaufen parallel zu der Rotationsachse 75. Number of edges 72. The edges 72 of the polygon wheel 70 are parallel to the axis of rotation 75th
Vor Erreichen der Oberseite 55 der Kollektorfolie 51 wird der von dem Before reaching the top 55 of the collector foil 51 is of the
Polygonrad 70 umgelenkte Laserstrahl 80 zusätzlich von einer beweglichenPolygon wheel 70 deflected laser beam 80 in addition from a movable
Spiegeleinheit 90 umgelenkt. Die Spiegeleinheit 90 ist dabei um eine Mirror unit 90 deflected. The mirror unit 90 is a
Bewegungsachse 95 beweglich und wird von einem Galvanometerantrieb 92 bewegt. Durch die Bewegung der Spiegeleinheit 90 wird beispielsweise die Bewegung der Kollektorfolie 51 in Längsrichtung x kompensiert. Moving axis 95 is movable and is moved by a galvanometer 92. By the movement of the mirror unit 90, for example, the movement of the collector foil 51 in the longitudinal direction x is compensated.
Mittels des rotierenden Polygonrades 70 und der Spiegeleinheit 90 wird der Laserstrahl 80 immer in die gleiche Richtung in den parallelen Bahnen 60 über die Oberseite 55 der Kollektorfolie 51 geführt. Dabei bewegt sich der Laserstrahl 80 auf der Oberseite 55 der Kollektorfolie 51 mit einer Geschwindigkeit von bis zu 1000 m/s in den besagten Bahnen 60 in Querrichtung y. By means of the rotating polygon wheel 70 and the mirror unit 90, the laser beam 80 is always guided in the same direction in the parallel tracks 60 over the upper side 55 of the collector foil 51. In this case, the laser beam 80 moves on the upper side 55 of the collector foil 51 at a speed of up to 1000 m / s in the said webs 60 in the transverse direction y.
Der Laserstrahl 80 trifft nach Austreten aus der Laserquelle 82 auf eine der Seitenflächen 71 des Polygonrades 70. Das Polygonrad 70 ist derart The laser beam 80 hits after exiting the laser source 82 on one of the side surfaces 71 of the polygon wheel 70. The polygon wheel 70 is such
ausgerichtet und rotiert derart, dass der von dieser Seitenfläche 71 umgelenkte Laserstrahl 80 in genau einer Bahn 60 über die Oberseite 55 der Kollektorfolie 51 in Querrichtung y geführt wird. Nach einer Rotation des Polygonrades 70 um die Rotationsachse 75 um einen bestimmten Winkel trifft der Laserstrahl 80 auf eine der Kanten 72 des Polygonrades 70. Danach trifft der Laserstrahl 80 auf die folgende Seitenfläche 71 des Polygonrades 70 und wird dann in der nächsten Bahn 60 über die Oberseite 55 der Kollektorfolie 51 in Querrichtung y geführt. Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele und die darin hervorgehobenen Aspekte beschränkt. Vielmehr ist innerhalb des durch die Ansprüche angegebenen Bereichs eine Vielzahl von Abwandlungen möglich, die im Rahmen fachmännischen Handelns liegen. aligned and rotated such that the deflected by this side surface 71 laser beam 80 is guided in exactly one web 60 on the top 55 of the collector foil 51 in the transverse direction y. After a rotation of the polygon wheel 70 about the rotation axis 75 by a certain angle, the laser beam 80 hits one of the edges 72 of the polygon wheel 70. Thereafter, the laser beam 80 hits the following side surface 71 of the polygon wheel 70 and is then in the next path 60 on the Top 55 of the collector foil 51 in the transverse direction y out. The invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and the aspects highlighted therein. Rather, within the scope given by the claims a variety of modifications are possible, which are within the scope of expert action.
Claims
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017218130.3A DE102017218130A1 (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2017-10-11 | Method for producing a current conductor, electrode and battery cell |
| DE102017218130.3 | 2017-10-11 |
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| WO2019072811A1 true WO2019072811A1 (en) | 2019-04-18 |
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| PCT/EP2018/077415 Ceased WO2019072811A1 (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2018-10-09 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A LAYER, ELECTRODE AND BATTERY CELL |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210159502A1 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-05-27 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Electrode components with laser induced surface modified current collectors and methods of making the same |
| CN112928280A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-08 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Patterning method of copper foil for lithium metal negative electrode |
| TWI833362B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2024-02-21 | 日商川崎重工業股份有限公司 | Laser processing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020112500A1 (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2021-11-11 | Einhell Germany Ag | Contactless preparation of a carrier film for an electrode of a lithium-ion battery |
| DE102021205500A1 (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Process for manufacturing a battery electrode |
| DE102024114383A1 (en) * | 2024-05-23 | 2025-11-27 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Electrode, method for manufacturing the electrode and battery comprising the electrode according to the invention |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210159502A1 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-05-27 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Electrode components with laser induced surface modified current collectors and methods of making the same |
| US11984599B2 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2024-05-14 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Electrode components with laser induced surface modified current collectors and methods of making the same |
| CN112928280A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-08 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Patterning method of copper foil for lithium metal negative electrode |
| CN112928280B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-06-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Patterning method of copper foil for lithium metal negative electrode |
| TWI833362B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2024-02-21 | 日商川崎重工業股份有限公司 | Laser processing method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102017218130A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
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